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    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander and Lewis, Kim and Chen, Shun‐Jia",
    title = "Deletions of DNA in cancer and their possible uses for therapy",
    journal = "Bioessays",
    publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
    year = "2023",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230530-441768000.69",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4x3k7-srn17",
    issn = "0265-9247",
    doi = "10.1002/bies.202300051"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3tx3g-5jr71,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander and Finley, Daniel and Goldberg, Alfred L. and Rapoport, Tom A. and Pfirrmann, Thorsten",
    title = "Dieter Wolf (1941–2023): a life dedicated to understanding protein quality control and the ubiquitin‐proteasome system",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "2023",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230518-332288000.5",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3tx3g-5jr71",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.15252/embj.2023114222",
    volume = "42",
    number = "11",
    pages = "Art. No. e114222"
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    authors = "Kim, Bong Heon and Kim, Min Kyung and Oh, Sun Joo and Nguyen, Kha The and Kim, Jun Hoe and Varshavsky, Alexander and Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Song, Hyun Kyu",
    title = "Crystal structure of the Ate1 arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase and arginylation of N-degron substrates",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2022",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220726-998191000",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/76g6j-4e449",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2209597119",
    volume = "119",
    number = "31",
    pmcid = "PMC9351520",
    pages = "Art. No. e2209597119"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rxc8w-1pe53,
    authors = "Chen, Shun-Jia and Kim, Leehyeon and Song, Hyun Kyu and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Aminopeptidases trim Xaa-Pro proteins, initiating their degradation by the Pro/N-degron pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2021",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211019-154957670",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rxc8w-1pe53",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2115430118",
    volume = "118",
    number = "43",
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    pages = "Art. No. e2115430118"
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    authors = "Vu, Tri T. M. and Mitchell, Dylan C. and Gygi, Steven P. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The Arg/N-degron pathway targets transcription factors and regulates specific genes",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2020",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201124-103211964",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0xjfa-py570",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2020124117",
    volume = "117",
    number = "49",
    pmcid = "PMC7733807",
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    authors = "Vu, Tri T. M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The ATF3 Transcription Factor Is a Short-Lived Substrate of the Arg/N-Degron Pathway",
    journal = "Biochemistry",
    publisher = "American Chemical Society",
    year = "2020",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200721-100007126",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/z6ts0-15367",
    issn = "0006-2960",
    doi = "10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00514",
    volume = "59",
    number = "30",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4ba5k-cdy56,
    authors = "Dong, Cheng and Chen, Shun-Jia and Melnykov, Artem and Weirich, Sara and Sun, Kelly and Jeltsch, Albert and Varshavsky, Alexander and Min, Jinrong",
    title = "Recognition of nonproline N-terminal residues by the Pro/N-degron pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2020",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200609-091521870",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4ba5k-cdy56",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2007085117",
    volume = "117",
    number = "25",
    pmcid = "PMC7322002",
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    authors = "Oh, Jang-Hyun and Hyun, Ju-Yeon and Chen, Shun-Jia and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Five enzymes of the Arg/N-degron pathway form a targeting complex: The concept of superchanneling",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2020",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200505-133829988",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/z7h4z-0q312",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2003043117",
    volume = "117",
    number = "20",
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    pages = "10778-10788"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xy4s4-ttj37,
    authors = "Chen, Shun-Jia and Melnykov, Artem and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Evolution of Substrates and Components of the Pro/N-Degron Pathway",
    journal = "Biochemistry",
    publisher = "American Chemical Society",
    year = "2020",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200103-103302869",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xy4s4-ttj37",
    issn = "0006-2960",
    doi = "10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00953",
    volume = "59",
    number = "4",
    pmcid = "PMC7286083",
    pages = "582-593"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dbhp0-rte90,
    authors = "Melnykov, Artem and Chen, Shun-Jia and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Gid10 as an alternative N-recognin of the Pro/N-degron pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2019",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190725-112336927",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dbhp0-rte90",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1908304116",
    volume = "116",
    number = "32",
    pmcid = "PMC6689949",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e0q7b-9yd87,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "On the cause of sleep: Protein fragments, the concept of sentinels, and links to epilepsy",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2019",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190513-150129586",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e0q7b-9yd87",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1904709116",
    volume = "116",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC6561186",
    pages = "10773-10782"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pn60k-tme35,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "N-degron and C-degron pathways of protein degradation",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2019",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190108-090142944",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pn60k-tme35",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1816596116",
    volume = "116",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC6329975",
    pages = "358-366"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2nbxf-gth90,
    authors = "Kim, Jeong-Mok and Seok, Ok-Hee and Ju, Shinyeong and Heo, Ji-Eun and Yeom, Jeonghun and Kim, Da-Som and Yoo, Joo-Yeon and Varshavsky, Alexander and Lee, Cheolju and Hwang, Cheol-Sang",
    title = "Formyl-methionine as an N-degron of a eukaryotic N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2018",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181108-125308990",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2nbxf-gth90",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.aat0174",
    volume = "362",
    number = "6418",
    pmcid = "PMC6551516",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y009t-fmd75,
    authors = "Dougan, David A. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Understanding the Pro/N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Nature Chemical Biology",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2018",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180416-140609766",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y009t-fmd75",
    issn = "1552-4450",
    doi = "10.1038/s41589-018-0045-0",
    volume = "14",
    number = "5",
    pages = "415-416"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t3t9b-waq47,
    authors = "Oh, Jang-Hyun and Chen, Shun-Jia and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A reference-based protein degradation assay without global translation inhibitors",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2017",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171113-111614515",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t3t9b-waq47",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M117.814236",
    volume = "292",
    number = "52",
    pmcid = "PMC5766948",
    pages = "21457-21465"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vrpfp-30632,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The Ubiquitin System, Autophagy, and Regulated Protein Degradation",
    journal = "Annual Review of Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Annual Reviews",
    year = "2017",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170628-083941867",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vrpfp-30632",
    issn = "0066-4154",
    doi = "10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044859",
    volume = "86",
    pages = "123-128"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fcaj5-f7b59,
    authors = "Oh, Jang-Hyun and Hyun, Ju-Yeon and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Control of Hsp90 chaperone and its clients by N-terminal acetylation and the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2017",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170518-073119611",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fcaj5-f7b59",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1705898114",
    volume = "114",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC5465900",
    pages = "E4370-E4379"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/znw58-vcp71,
    authors = "Chen, Shun-Jia and Wu, Xia and Wadas, Brandon and Oh, Jang-Hyun and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "An N-end rule pathway that recognizes proline and destroys gluconeogenic enzymes",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2017",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170130-100756755",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/znw58-vcp71",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.aal3655",
    volume = "355",
    number = "6323",
    pmcid = "PMC5457285",
    pages = "Art. No. eaal3655"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9sh4d-mt676,
    authors = "Wadas, Brandon and Piatkov, Konstantin and Brower, Christopher and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Analyzing N-terminal Arginylation Through the Use of Peptide Arrays and Degradation Assays",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2016",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160815-140416336",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9sh4d-mt676",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M116.747956",
    volume = "291",
    number = "40",
    pmcid = "PMC5076509",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1at7j-9gp90,
    authors = "Wadas, Brandon and Borjigin, Jimo and Huang, Zheping and Oh, Jang-Hyun and Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Degradation of Serotonin N-Acetyltransferase, a Circadian Regulator, by the N-end Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2016",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160706-082440341",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1at7j-9gp90",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M116.734640",
    volume = "291",
    number = "33",
    pmcid = "PMC5016120",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mp90e-04y80,
    authors = "Liu, Yu-Jiao and Liu, Chao and Chang, ZeNan and Wadas, Brandon and Brower, Christopher S. and Song, Zhen-Hua and Xu, Zhi-Liang and Shang, Yong-Liang and Liu, Wei-Xiao and Wang, Li-Na and Dong, Wen and Varshavsky, Alexander and Hu, Rong-Gui and Li, Wei",
    title = "Degradation of the Separase-cleaved Rec8, a Meiotic Cohesin Subunit, by the N-end Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2016",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160218-082640962",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mp90e-04y80",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M116.714964",
    volume = "291",
    number = "14",
    pmcid = "PMC4817174",
    pages = "7426-7438"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yp81w-t1j67,
    authors = "Piatkov, Konstantin and Vu, Tri and Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Formyl-methionine as a degradation signal at the N-termini of bacterial proteins",
    journal = "Microbial Cell",
    publisher = "Shared Science Publishers",
    year = "2015",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160509-130856265",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yp81w-t1j67",
    issn = "2311-2638",
    doi = "10.15698/mic2015.10.231",
    volume = "2",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC4745127",
    pages = "376-393"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/esanb-nzg83,
    authors = "Park, Sang-Eun and Kim, Jeong-Mok and Seok, Ok-Hee and Cho, Hanna and Wadas, Brandon and Kim, Seon-Young and Varshavsky, Alexander and Hwang, Cheol-Sang",
    title = "Control of mammalian G protein signaling by N-terminal acetylation and the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2015",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150316-112138335",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/esanb-nzg83",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.aaa3844",
    volume = "347",
    number = "6227",
    pmcid = "PMC4748709",
    pages = "1249-1252"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/30jfy-4qw73,
    authors = "Brower, Christopher S. and Rosen, Connor E. and Jones, Richard H. and Wadas, Brandon C. and Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Liat1, an arginyltransferase-binding protein whose evolution among primates involved changes in the numbers of its 10-residue repeats",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2014",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141105-093127516",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/30jfy-4qw73",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1419587111",
    volume = "111",
    number = "46",
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    pages = "E4936-E4945"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s8mz-15d54,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Discovery of the Biology of the Ubiquitin System",
    journal = "JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association",
    publisher = "American Medical Association",
    year = "2014",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140613-125640695",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s8mz-15d54",
    issn = "0098-7484",
    doi = "10.1001/jama.2014.5549",
    volume = "311",
    number = "19",
    pages = "1969-1970"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2sjx5-gx317,
    authors = "Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Oh, Jang-Hyun and Liu, Yuan and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Calpain-generated natural protein fragments as short-lived substrates of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2014",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140225-100028331",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2sjx5-gx317",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1401639111",
    volume = "111",
    number = "9",
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    pages = "E817-E826"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/95v5k-pr368,
    authors = "Kim, Heon-Ki and Kim, Ryu-Ryun and Oh, Jang Hyun and Varshavsky, Alexander and Hwang, Cheol-Sang",
    title = "The N-Terminal Methionine of Cellular Proteins as a Degradation Signal",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "2014",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140102-103647381",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/95v5k-pr368",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.031",
    volume = "156",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC3988316",
    pages = "158-169"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/42vdk-rv035,
    authors = "Piatkov, Konstantin and Graciet, Emmanuelle and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ubiquitin Reference Technique and Its Use in Ubiquitin-Lacking Prokaryotes",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    publisher = "Public Library of Science",
    year = "2013",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130813-094316614",
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    issn = "1932-6203",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0067952",
    volume = "8",
    number = "6",
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    pages = "Art. No. e67952"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qtdvy-6z785,
    authors = "Shemorry, Anna and Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Control of Protein Quality and Stoichiometries by N-Terminal
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    journal = "Molecular Cell",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "2013",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130716-134300224",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qtdvy-6z785",
    issn = "1097-2765",
    doi = "10.1016/j.molcel.2013.03.018",
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    number = "4",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r4a1e-2jr41,
    authors = "Brower, Christopher S. and Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Neurodegeneration-Associated Protein Fragments as Short-Lived Substrates of the N-End Rule Pathway",
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    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "2013",
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    number = "2",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rmrqr-nee95,
    authors = "Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Colnaghi, Luca and Békés, Miklos and Varshavsky, Alexander and Huang, Tony T.",
    title = "The Auto-Generated Fragment of the Usp1 Deubiquitylase Is a Physiological Substrate of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular Cell",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "2012",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130211-154805502",
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    issn = "1097-2765",
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    volume = "48",
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3pqpz-b0563,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Augmented generation of protein fragments during wakefulness as the molecular cause of sleep: A hypothesis",
    journal = "Protein Science",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "2012",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120831-090649691",
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    issn = "0961-8368",
    doi = "10.1002/pro.2148",
    volume = "21",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC3527701"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/brwnm-0qs67,
    authors = "Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Brower, Christopher S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway counteracts cell death by destroying proapoptotic protein fragments",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2012",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120817-134304319",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/brwnm-0qs67",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1207786109",
    volume = "109",
    number = "27",
    pmcid = "PMC3390858",
    pages = "E1839-E1847"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n3cw1-gfq89,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The Ubiquitin System, an Immense Realm",
    journal = "Annual Review of Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Annual Reviews",
    year = "2012",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120614-103921398",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n3cw1-gfq89",
    issn = "0066-4154",
    doi = "10.1146/annurev-biochem-051910-094049",
    volume = "81",
    pages = "167-176"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3db69-v9f85,
    authors = "Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Sukalo, Maja and Batygin, Olga and Addor, Marie-Claude and Brunner, Han and Perez Aytes, Antonio and Mayerle, Julia and Song, Hyun Kyu and Varshavsky, Alexander and Zenker, Martin",
    title = "Ubiquitin Ligases of the N-End Rule Pathway: Assessment of Mutations in UBR1 That Cause the Johanson-Blizzard Syndrome",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    publisher = "Public Library of Science",
    year = "2011",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111025-084945445",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3db69-v9f85",
    issn = "1932-6203",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0024925",
    volume = "6",
    number = "9",
    pmcid = "PMC3172311",
    pages = "Art.No. e24925"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gqxrr-nyv08,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway and regulation by proteolysis",
    journal = "Protein Science",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "2011",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110819-091924451",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gqxrr-nyv08",
    issn = "0961-8368",
    doi = "10.1002/pro.666",
    volume = "20",
    number = "8",
    pmcid = "PMC3189519",
    pages = "1298-1345"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/snq5f-0xg71,
    authors = "Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Shemorry, Anna and Auerbach, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway is mediated by a complex of the RING-type Ubr1 and HECT-type Ufd4 ubiquitin ligases",
    journal = "Nature Cell Biology",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2010",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-134450477",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/snq5f-0xg71",
    issn = "1465-7392",
    doi = "10.1038/ncb2121",
    volume = "12",
    number = "12",
    pmcid = "PMC3003441",
    pages = "1177-1185"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1kvg5-3f930,
    authors = "Brower, Christopher S. and Veiga, Lucia and Jones, Richard H. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Mouse Dfa Is a Repressor of TATA-box Promoters and Interacts with the Abt1 Activator of Basal Transcription",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2010",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100615-141115251",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1kvg5-3f930",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M110.118638",
    volume = "285",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC2878062",
    pages = "17218-17234"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d72pn-2as98,
    authors = "Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Shemorry, Anna and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "N-Terminal Acetylation of Cellular Proteins Creates Specific Degradation Signals",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2010",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100301-145500742",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d72pn-2as98",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.1183147",
    volume = "327",
    number = "5968",
    pmcid = "PMC4259118",
    pages = "973-977"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1ca60-xaj70,
    authors = "Brower, Christopher S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ablation of Arginylation in the Mouse N-End Rule Pathway: Loss of Fat, Higher Metabolic Rate, Damaged Spermatogenesis, and Neurological Perturbations",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    publisher = "Public Library of Science",
    year = "2009",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100127-092828613",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1ca60-xaj70",
    issn = "1932-6203",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0007757",
    volume = "4",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC2773024",
    pages = "Art. No. e7757"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wrjdf-kq640,
    authors = "Graciet, Emmanuelle and Walter, Franziska and Ó Maoiléidigh, Diarmuid and Pollmann, Stephan and Meyerowitz, Elliot M. and Varshavsky, Alexander and Wellmer, Frank",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway controls multiple functions during Arabidopsis shoot and leaf development",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2009",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090828-231031940",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wrjdf-kq640",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0906404106",
    volume = "106",
    number = "32",
    pmcid = "PMC2726413",
    pages = "13618-13623"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f5jbv-w8333,
    authors = "Wang, Haiqing and Piatkov, Konstantin I. and Brower, Christopher S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Glutamine-Specific N-Terminal Amidase, a Component of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular Cell",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "2009",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090828-112810807",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f5jbv-w8333",
    issn = "1097-2765",
    doi = "10.1016/j.molcel.2009.04.032",
    volume = "34",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC2749074",
    pages = "686-695"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nrafk-8z197,
    authors = "Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Shemorry, Anna and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Two proteolytic pathways regulate DNA repair by cotargeting the Mgt1 alkylguanine transferase",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2009",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090827-155821961",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nrafk-8z197",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0812316106",
    volume = "106",
    number = "7",
    pmcid = "PMC2650122",
    pages = "2142-2147"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fq2bc-6yw80,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Discovery of cellular regulation by protein degradation",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARjbc08",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fq2bc-6yw80",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.X800009200",
    volume = "283",
    number = "50",
    pmcid = "PMC3259866",
    pages = "34469-34489"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tsqr1-10892,
    authors = "Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Regulation of peptide import through phosphorylation of Ubr1, the ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HWApnas08",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tsqr1-10892",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0808891105",
    volume = "105",
    number = "49",
    pmcid = "PMC2614737",
    pages = "19188-19193"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jn5py-sja73,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule at atomic resolution",
    journal = "Nature Structural \& Molecular Biology",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARnsmb08",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jn5py-sja73",
    issn = "1545-9985",
    doi = "10.1038/nsmb1208-1238",
    volume = "15",
    number = "12",
    pages = "1238-1240"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c9yn1-7c083,
    authors = "Xia, Zanxian and Turner, Glenn C. and Hwang, Cheol-Sang and Byrd, Christopher and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Amino acids induce peptide uptake via accelerated degradation of CUP9, the transcriptional repressor of the PTR2 peptide transporter",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:XIAjbc08b",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c9yn1-7c083",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M803980200",
    volume = "283",
    number = "43",
    pmcid = "PMC2570885",
    pages = "28958-28968"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9cyyg-hf949,
    authors = "Xia, Zanxian and Webster, Ailsa and Du, Fangyong and Piatkov, Konstantin and Ghislain, Michel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Substrate-binding sites of UBR1, the ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:XIAjbc08",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9cyyg-hf949",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M802583200",
    volume = "283",
    number = "35",
    pmcid = "PMC2527112",
    pages = "24011-24028"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ajqc6-a6z95,
    authors = "Connor, Rebecca E. and Piatkov, Konstantin and Varshavsky, Alexander and Tirrell, David A.",
    title = "Enzymatic N-terminal Addition of Noncanonical Amino Acids to Peptides and Proteins",
    journal = "ChemBioChem",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150112-114337627",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ajqc6-a6z95",
    issn = "1439-4227",
    doi = "10.1002/cbic.200700605",
    volume = "9",
    number = "3",
    pages = "366-369"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n5xjg-c3w52,
    authors = "Hu, Rong-Gui and Wang, Haiqing and Xia, Zanxian and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway is a sensor of heme",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2008",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HURpnas08",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n5xjg-c3w52",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0710568105",
    volume = "105",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC2224235",
    pages = "76-81"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bwefx-f1811,
    authors = "Schnupf, Pamela and Zhou, Jianmin and Varshavsky, Alexander and Portnoy, Daniel A.",
    title = "Listeriolysin O Secreted by Listeria monocytogenes into the Host Cell Cytosol Is Degraded by the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Infection and Immunity",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "2007",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SCHNUiai07",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bwefx-f1811",
    issn = "0019-9567",
    doi = "10.1128/IAI.00164-07",
    volume = "75",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC2168281",
    pages = "5135-5147"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tn5jp-73t17,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Targeting the absence: Homozygous DNA deletions as immutable signposts for cancer therapy",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2007",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARpnas07",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tn5jp-73t17",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0706546104",
    volume = "104",
    number = "38",
    pmcid = "PMC1986591",
    pages = "14935-14940"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nh9nf-t4139,
    authors = "Tasaki, Takafumi and Sohr, Reinhard and Xia, Zanxian and Hellweg, Rainer and Hörtnagl, Heidi and Varshavsky, Alexander and Kwon, Yong Tae",
    title = "Biochemical and Genetic Studies of UBR3, a Ubiquitin Ligase with a Function in Olfactory and Other Sensory Systems",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2007",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:TASjbc07",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nh9nf-t4139",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M701894200",
    volume = "282",
    number = "25",
    pages = "18510-18520"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qe58w-4v927,
    authors = "Hu, Rong-Gui and Brower, Christopher S. and Wang, Haiqing and Davydov, Ilia V. and Sheng, Jun and Zhou, Jianmin and Kwon, Yong Tae and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Arginyltransferase, Its Specificity, Putative Substrates, Bidirectional Promoter, and Splicing-derived Isoforms",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2006",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HURjbc06",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qe58w-4v927",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M604355200",
    volume = "281",
    number = "43",
    pages = "32559-32573"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vy84d-ydc22,
    authors = "An, Jee Young and Seo, Jai Wha and Tasaki, Takafumi and Lee, Min Jae and Varshavsky, Alexander and Kwon, Yong Tae",
    title = "Impaired neurogenesis and cardiovascular development in mice lacking the E3 ubiquitin ligases UBR1 and UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2006",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ANJpnas06",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vy84d-ydc22",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0601700103",
    volume = "103",
    number = "16",
    pmcid = "PMC1458857",
    pages = "6212-6217"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2v8nh-r1s34,
    authors = "Graciet, Emmanuelle and Hu, Rong-Gui and Piatkov, Konstantin and Rhee, Joon Haeng and Schwartz, Erich M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Aminoacyl-transferases and the N-end rule pathway of prokaryotic/eukaryotic specificity in a human pathogen",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2006",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:GRApnas06a",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2v8nh-r1s34",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.0511224103",
    volume = "103",
    number = "9",
    pmcid = "PMC1413915",
    pages = "3078-3083"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aqw7v-key86,
    authors = "Zenker, Martin and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Deficiency of UBR1, a ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway, causes pancreatic dysfunction, malformations and mental retardation (Johanson-Blizzard syndrome)",
    journal = "Nature Genetics",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2005",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150319-070411230",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aqw7v-key86",
    issn = "1061-4036",
    doi = "10.1038/ng1681",
    volume = "37",
    number = "12",
    pages = "1345-1350"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jdz5q-wee59,
    authors = "Hu, Rong-Gui and Sheng, Jun and Xu, Zhenming and Takahashi, Terry T. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway as a nitric oxide sensor controlling the levels of multiple regulators",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2005",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150325-092008023",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jdz5q-wee59",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/nature04027",
    volume = "437",
    number = "7061",
    pages = "981-989"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/evgj9-7qf93,
    authors = "Tasaki, Takafumi and Mulder, Lubbertus C. F. and Iwamatsu, Akihiro and Lee, Min Jae and Davydov, Ilia V. and Varshavsky, Alexander and Muesing, Mark and Kwon, Yong Tae",
    title = "A Family of Mammalian E3 Ubiquitin Ligases That Contain the UBR Box Motif and Recognize N-Degrons",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "2005",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:TASmcb05.969",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/evgj9-7qf93",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/MCB.25.16.7120-7136.2005",
    volume = "25",
    number = "16",
    pmcid = "PMC1190250",
    pages = "7120-7136"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/myk7w-z4w06,
    authors = "Yin, Jinhu and Kwon, Yong Tae and Varshavsky, Alexander and Wang, Weidong",
    title = "RECQL4, mutated in the Rothmund–Thomson and RAPADILINO syndromes, interacts with ubiquitin ligases UBR1 and UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Human Molecular Genetics",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "2004",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111004-142209812",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/myk7w-z4w06",
    issn = "0964-6906",
    doi = "10.1093/hmg/ddh269",
    volume = "13",
    number = "20",
    pages = "2421-2430"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tna4t-rkx96,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Xia, Zanxian and An, Jee Young and Tasaki, Takafumi and Davydov, Ilia V. and Seo, Jai Wha and Sheng, Jun and Xie, Youming and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Female Lethality and Apoptosis of Spermatocytes in Mice Lacking the UBR2 Ubiquitin Ligase of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "2003",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOmcb03",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tna4t-rkx96",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/MCB.23.22.8255-8271.2003",
    volume = "23",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC262401",
    pages = "8255-8271"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1e0ay-z5m55,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule and regulation of apoptosis",
    journal = "Nature Cell Biology",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2003",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150325-153608289",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1e0ay-z5m55",
    issn = "1465-7392",
    doi = "10.1038/ncb0503-373",
    volume = "5",
    number = "5",
    pages = "373-376"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qqsba-rhv67,
    authors = "Xie, Youming and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "UFD4 lacking the proteasome-binding region catalyses ubiquitination but is impaired in proteolysis",
    journal = "Nature Cell Biology",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2002",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150325-152811477",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qqsba-rhv67",
    issn = "1465-7392",
    doi = "10.1038/ncb889",
    volume = "4",
    number = "12",
    pages = "1003-1007"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nh11f-sq826,
    authors = "Du, Fangyong and Navarro-Garcia, Federico and Xia, Zanxian and Tasaki, Takafumi and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Pairs of dipeptides synergistically activate the binding of substrate by ubiquitin ligase through dissociation of its autoinhibitory domain",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2002",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:DUFpnas02",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nh11f-sq826",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.172527399",
    volume = "99",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC137845",
    pages = "14110-14115"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zj5pg-4r183,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Kashina, Anna S. and Davydov, Ilia V. and Hu, Rong-Gui and An, Jee Young and Seo, Jai Wha and Du, Fangyong and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "An Essential Role of N-Terminal Arginylation in Cardiovascular Development",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2002",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141114-160435229",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zj5pg-4r183",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.1069531",
    volume = "297",
    number = "5578",
    pages = "96-99"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gew04-j8m51,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Xia, Zanxian and Davydov, Ilia V. and Lecker, Stewart H. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Construction and Analysis of Mouse Strains Lacking the Ubiquitin Ligase UBR1 (E3α) of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "2001",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOmcb01",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gew04-j8m51",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/MCB.21.23.8007-8021.2001",
    volume = "21",
    number = "23",
    pmcid = "PMC99968",
    pages = "8007-8021"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cc78h-k7v74,
    authors = "Rao, Hai and Uhlmann, Frank and Nasmyth, Kim and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Degradation of a cohesin subunit by the N-end rule pathway is essential for chromosome stability",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2001",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150331-072449879",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cc78h-k7v74",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/35073627",
    volume = "410",
    number = "6831",
    pages = "955"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zg153-4ve19,
    authors = "Xie, Youming and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "RPN4 is a ligand, substrate, and transcriptional regulator of the 26S proteasome: A negative feedback circuit",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2001",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:XIEpnas01",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zg153-4ve19",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.071022298",
    volume = "98",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC30606",
    pages = "3056-3061"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fjmx6-dmq70,
    authors = "Hershko, Avram and Ciechanover, Aaron and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The ubiquitin system",
    journal = "Nature Medicine",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150513-100923361",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fjmx6-dmq70",
    issn = "1078-8956",
    doi = "10.1038/80384",
    volume = "6",
    number = "10",
    pages = "1073-1081"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9hx9c-s0172,
    authors = "Turner, Glenn C. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Detecting and Measuring Cotranslational Protein Degradation in Vivo",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141112-112135305",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9hx9c-s0172",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.289.5487.2117",
    volume = "289",
    number = "5487",
    pages = "2117-2120"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9nzv9-k6p20,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander and Turner, Glenn and Du, Fangyong and Xie, Youming",
    title = "The Ubiquitin System and the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "De Gruyter",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180803-074725065",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9nzv9-k6p20",
    issn = "1431-6730",
    doi = "10.1515/BC.2000.101",
    volume = "381",
    number = "9-10",
    pages = "779-789"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/56ynm-2kf07,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Balogh, Seth A. and Davydov, Ilia V. and Kashina, Anna S. and Yoon, Jeong Kyo and Xie, Youming and Gaur, Arti and Hyde, Lynn and Denenberg, Victor H. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Altered Activity, Social Behavior, and Spatial Memory in Mice Lacking the NTAN1p Amidase and the Asparagine Branch of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOmcb00",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/56ynm-2kf07",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    volume = "20",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC85783",
    pages = "4135-4148"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y4ptb-xp542,
    authors = "Turner, Glenn C. and Du, Fangyong and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Peptides accelerate their uptake by activating a ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150330-105345474",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y4ptb-xp542",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/35014629",
    volume = "405",
    number = "6786",
    pages = "579"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6wjyd-rqg89,
    authors = "Davydov, Ilia V. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "RGS4 is arginylated and degraded by the N-end rule pathway in vitro",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:DAVjbc00",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6wjyd-rqg89",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.M001605200",
    volume = "275",
    number = "30",
    pages = "22931-22941"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xdmg-emc20,
    authors = "Xie, Youming and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Physical association of ubiquitin ligases and the 26S proteasome",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "2000",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:XIEpnas00",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xdmg-emc20",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.060025497",
    volume = "97",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC15957",
    pages = "2497-2502"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9de2j-dmb46,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Lévy, Frédéric and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Bivalent Inhibitor of the N-end Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1999",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOjbc99",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9de2j-dmb46",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.274.25.18135",
    volume = "274",
    number = "25",
    pages = "18135-18139"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6fyhb-vbm94,
    authors = "Dünnwald, Martin and Varshavsky, Alexander and Johnsson, Nils",
    title = "Detection of Transient In Vivo Interactions between Substrate and Transporter during Protein Translocation into the Endoplasmic Reticulum",
    journal = "Molecular Biology of the Cell",
    publisher = "American Society for Cell Biology",
    year = "1999",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:DUNmbc99",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6fyhb-vbm94",
    issn = "1059-1524",
    doi = "10.1091/mbc.10.2.329",
    volume = "10",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC25172",
    pages = "329-344"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fk1xk-sm430,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Kashina, Anna S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Alternative Splicing Results in Differential Expression, Activity, and Localization of the Two Forms of Arginyl-tRNA-Protein Transferase, a Component of the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "1999",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOmcb99",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fk1xk-sm430",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/mcb.19.1.182",
    volume = "19",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC83877",
    pages = "182-193"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/591c5-s5334,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Recent studies of the ubiquitin system and the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Harvey lectures",
    publisher = "Wiley-Liss",
    year = "1999",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201125-124911297",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/591c5-s5334",
    issn = "0073-0874",
    volume = "96",
    pages = "93-116"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9amaz-q5111,
    authors = "Kwon, Yong Tae and Reiss, Yuval and Fried, Victor A. and Hershko, Avram and Yoon, Jeong Kyo and Gonda, David K. and Sangan, Pitchai and Copeland, Neal G. and Jenkins, Nancy A. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The mouse and human genes encoding the recognition component of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1998",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KWOpnas98",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9amaz-q5111",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.95.14.7898",
    volume = "95",
    number = "14",
    pmcid = "PMC20901",
    pages = "7898-7903"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tf36z-5cq91,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Codominant interference, antieffectors, and multitarget drugs",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1998",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARpnas98",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tf36z-5cq91",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    volume = "95",
    number = "5",
    pmcid = "PMC19261",
    pages = "2094-2099"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q81az-y4q35,
    authors = "Ramos, Paula C. and Höckendorff, Jörg and Johnson, Erica S. and Varshavsky, Alexander and Dohmen, R. Jürgen",
    title = "Ump1p Is Required for Proper Maturation of the 20S Proteasome and Becomes Its Substrate upon Completion of the Assembly",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1998",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-162600012",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q81az-y4q35",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80942-3",
    volume = "92",
    number = "4",
    pages = "489-499"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vjba6-88k12,
    authors = "Byrd, Christopher and Turner, Glenn C. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway controls the import of peptides through degradation of a transcriptional repressor",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1998",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-162600155",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vjba6-88k12",
    issn = "1460-2075",
    doi = "10.1093/emboj/17.1.269",
    volume = "17",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC1170377",
    pages = "269-277"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b9g6e-jwx55,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The ubiquitin system",
    journal = "Trends in Biochemical Sciences",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1997",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-162600310",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b9g6e-jwx55",
    issn = "0968-0004",
    doi = "10.1016/s0968-0004(97)01122-5",
    volume = "22",
    number = "10",
    pages = "383-387"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tqrx1-h8a41,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule pathway of protein degradation",
    journal = "Genes to Cells",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "1997",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-162600429",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tqrx1-h8a41",
    issn = "1356-9597",
    doi = "10.1046/j.1365-2443.1997.1020301.x",
    volume = "2",
    number = "1",
    pages = "13-28"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xqyag-m5t15,
    authors = "Grigoryev, Sergei and Stewart, Albert E. and Kwon, Yong Tae and Arfin, Stuart M. and Bradshaw, Ralph A. and Jenkins, Nancy A. and Copeland, Neal G. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A Mouse Amidase Specific for N-terminal Asparagine: the gene, the enzyme, and their function in the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1996",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:GRIjbc96",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xqyag-m5t15",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.271.45.28521",
    volume = "271",
    number = "45",
    pages = "28521-28532"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/88cy4-hem10,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule: Functions, mysteries, uses",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1996",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARpnas96",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/88cy4-hem10",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.93.22.12142",
    volume = "93",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC37957",
    pages = "12142-12149"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qtcvr-8zg83,
    authors = "Ghislain, Michel and Dohmen, R. Jürgen and Lévy, Frédéric and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Cdc48p interacts with Ufd3p, a WD repeat protein required for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1996",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-162600585",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qtcvr-8zg83",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00869.x",
    volume = "15",
    number = "18",
    pmcid = "PMC452226",
    pages = "4884-4899"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2egr2-f3n37,
    authors = "Lévy, Frédéric and Johnsson, Nils and Rümenapf, Tillmann and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Using ubiquitin to follow the metabolic fate of a protein",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1996",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LEVpnas96",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2egr2-f3n37",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.93.10.4907",
    volume = "93",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC39378",
    pages = "4907-4912"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y9h4j-d7j16,
    authors = "Dohmen, R. Jürgen and Stappen, Reiner and McGrath, John P. and Forrová, Helena and Kolarov, Jordan and Goffeau, André and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "An Essential Yeast Gene Encoding a Homolog of Ubiquitin-activating Enzyme",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1995",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-152331529",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y9h4j-d7j16",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.270.30.18099",
    volume = "270",
    number = "30",
    pages = "18099-18109"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ysksk-7rv52,
    authors = "Baker, Rohan T. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Yeast N-terminal Amidase: a new enzyme and component of the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1995",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-152331656",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ysksk-7rv52",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.270.20.12065",
    volume = "270",
    number = "20",
    pages = "12065-12074"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smd2s-zg179,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Codominance and toxins: A path to drugs of nearly unlimited selectivity",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1995",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARpnas95",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smd2s-zg179",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.92.9.3663",
    volume = "92",
    number = "9",
    pmcid = "PMC42021",
    pages = "3663-3667"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5m00q-zp830,
    authors = "Johnston, Jennifer A. and Johnson, Erica S. and Waller, Patrick R. H. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Methotrexate Inhibits Proteolysis of Dihydrofolate Reductase by the N-end Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1995",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-152331800",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5m00q-zp830",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1074/jbc.270.14.8172",
    volume = "270",
    number = "14",
    pages = "8172-8178"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f32kc-jem77,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J.",
    title = "The N-end Rule",
    journal = "Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology",
    publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory",
    year = "1995",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210211-152331936",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f32kc-jem77",
    issn = "0091-7451",
    doi = "10.1101/sqb.1995.060.01.051",
    volume = "60",
    pages = "461-478"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/29w1a-w6t11,
    authors = "Johnsson, Nils and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Split ubiquitin as a sensor of protein interactions in vivo",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JOHpnas94",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/29w1a-w6t11",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.91.22.10340",
    volume = "91",
    number = "22",
    pmcid = "PMC45015",
    pages = "10340-10344"
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@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xzwbm-91p35,
    authors = "Madura, Kiran and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Degradation of Gα by the N-End Rule Pathway",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150121-092636074",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xzwbm-91p35",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.8073290",
    volume = "265",
    number = "5177",
    pages = "1454-1458"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9jks8-2ew61,
    authors = "Johnsson, Nils and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ubiquitin-assisted dissection of protein transport across membranes",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525258",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9jks8-2ew61",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06559.x",
    volume = "13",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC395143",
    pages = "2686-2698"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rjhsv-hyz20,
    authors = "Dohmen, R. Jürgen and Wu, Peipei and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Heat-Inducible Degron: A Method for Constructing Temperature-Sensitive Mutants",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150120-134752646",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rjhsv-hyz20",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.8122109",
    volume = "263",
    number = "5151",
    pages = "1273-1276"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tjveh-wpt66,
    authors = "Ota, Irene M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A yeast protein similar to bacterial two-component regulators",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1993",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150122-121838530",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tjveh-wpt66",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.8211183",
    volume = "262",
    number = "5133",
    pages = "566-569"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2z6b-eq991,
    authors = "Shrader, Thomas E. and Tobias, John W. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-End Rule in Escherichia coli: Cloning and Analysis of
 the Leucyl, Phenylalanyl-tRNA-Protein Transferase Gene aat",
    journal = "Journal of Bacteriology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "1993",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120308-111115401",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2z6b-eq991",
    issn = "0021-9193",
    doi = "10.1128/jb.175.14.4364-4374.1993",
    volume = "175",
    number = "14",
    pmcid = "PMC204876",
    pages = "4364-4374"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qnje6-5rg64,
    authors = "Madura, Kiran and Dohmen, R. Jürgen and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "N-recognin/Ubc2 interactions in the N-end rule pathway",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1993",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525353",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qnje6-5rg64",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50306-4",
    volume = "268",
    number = "16",
    pages = "12046-12054"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q0tqy-4mw52,
    authors = "Baker, Rohan T. and Tobias, John W. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ubiquitin-specific proteases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cloning of UBP2 and UBP3, and functional analysis of the UBP gene family",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1992",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525426",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q0tqy-4mw52",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50100-9",
    volume = "267",
    number = "32",
    pages = "23364-23375"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y7dbd-7dy57,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1992",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525504",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y7dbd-7dy57",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(92)90285-k",
    volume = "69",
    number = "5",
    pages = "725-735"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cg4e8-b8y63,
    authors = "Ota, Irene M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A gene encoding a putative tyrosine phosphatase suppresses lethality of an N-end rule-dependent mutant",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1992",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:OTApnas92",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cg4e8-b8y63",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.89.6.2355",
    volume = "89",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC48656",
    pages = "2355-2359"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m40j0-gvv11,
    authors = "Johnson, Erica S. and Bartel, Bonnie and Seufert, Wolfgang and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ubiquitin as a degradation signal",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1992",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525582",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m40j0-gvv11",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05080.x",
    volume = "11",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC556480",
    pages = "497-505"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9z5zs-99870,
    authors = "Tobias, John W. and Shrader, Thomas E. and Rocap, Gabrielle and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-end rule in bacteria",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525693",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9z5zs-99870",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.1962196",
    volume = "254",
    number = "5036",
    pages = "1374-1377"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3f5d0-he036,
    authors = "Dohmen, R. Jürgen and Madura, Kiran and Bartel, Bonnie and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The N-End Rule is Mediated by the UBC2(RAD6) Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:DOHpnas91",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3f5d0-he036",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.88.16.7351",
    volume = "88",
    number = "16",
    pmcid = "PMC52293",
    pages = "7351-7355"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3wwa0-0z645,
    authors = "Tobias, John W. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Cloning and functional analysis of the ubiquitin-specific protease gene UBP1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525763",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3wwa0-0z645",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99059-9",
    volume = "266",
    number = "18",
    pages = "12021-12028"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1dtn7-prp50,
    authors = "Hochstrasser, Mark and Ellison, Michael J. and Chau, Vincent and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The short-lived MATα2 transcriptional regulator is ubiquitinated in vivo",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HOCpnas91",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1dtn7-prp50",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.88.11.4606",
    volume = "88",
    number = "11",
    pmcid = "PMC51714",
    pages = "4606-4610"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/za0pr-h4027,
    authors = "Baker, Rohan T. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Inhibition of the N-end rule pathway in living cells",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BAKpnas91",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/za0pr-h4027",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.88.4.1090",
    volume = "88",
    number = "4",
    pmcid = "PMC50962",
    pages = "1090-1094"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dn085-by896,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Naming a targeting signal",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525821",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dn085-by896",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(91)90202-a",
    volume = "64",
    number = "1",
    pages = "13-15"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nr0ce-awg31,
    authors = "McGrath, John P. and Jentsch, Stefan and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "UBA 1: an essential yeast gene encoding ubiquitin-activating enzyme",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1991",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210210-151525895",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nr0ce-awg31",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07940.x",
    volume = "10",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC452634",
    pages = "227-236"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8sv4m-9sj92,
    authors = "Johnson, Erica S. and Gonda, David K. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Cis-trans recognition and subunit-specific degradation of short-lived proteins",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1990",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142402554",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8sv4m-9sj92",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/346287a0",
    volume = "346",
    number = "6281",
    pages = "287-291"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c8bw0-n7428,
    authors = "Hochstrasser, Mark and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "In vivo degradation of a transcriptional regulator: The yeast α2 repressor",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1990",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142402686",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c8bw0-n7428",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(90)90481-s",
    volume = "61",
    number = "4",
    pages = "697-708"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a69mh-krn45,
    authors = "Balzi, Elisabetta and Choder, Mordechai and Chen, Weining and Varshavsky, Alexander and Goffeau, Andre",
    title = "Cloning and functional analysis of the arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase gene ATE1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1990",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142402779",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a69mh-krn45",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(19)39136-7",
    volume = "265",
    number = "13",
    pages = "7464-7471"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s0arq-n3s65,
    authors = "Gonda, David K. and Bachmair, Andreas and Wünning, Ingrid and Tobias, John W. and Lane, William S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Universality and Structure of the N-end Rule",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142402869",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s0arq-n3s65",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84762-2",
    volume = "264",
    number = "28",
    pages = "16700-16712"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wsbww-x9946,
    authors = "McGrath, John P. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The yeast STE6 gene encodes a homologue of the mammalian multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142402941",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wsbww-x9946",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/340400a0",
    volume = "340",
    number = "6232",
    pages = "400-404"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4s1nj-zx346,
    authors = "Winter, Edward and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A DNA binding protein that recognizes oligo(dA)•oligo(dT) tracts",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403046",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4s1nj-zx346",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03583.x",
    volume = "8",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC401036",
    pages = "1867-1877"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4hbgy-zyf49,
    authors = "Finley, Daniel and Bartel, Bonnie and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The tails of ubiquitin precursors are ribosomal proteins whose fusion to ubiquitin facilitates ribosome biogenesis",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403105",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4hbgy-zyf49",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/338394a0",
    volume = "338",
    number = "6214",
    pages = "394-401"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4gf5m-j5q44,
    authors = "Chau, Vincent and Tobias, John W. and Bachmair, Andreas and Marriott, David and Ecker, David J. and Gonda, David K. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A multiubiquitin chain is confined to specific lysine in a targeted short-lived protein",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403198",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4gf5m-j5q44",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.2538923",
    volume = "243",
    number = "4898",
    pages = "1576-1583"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/te37s-8aw24,
    authors = "Bachmair, Andreas and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The degradation signal in a short-lived protein",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403306",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/te37s-8aw24",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(89)90635-1",
    volume = "56",
    number = "6",
    pages = "1019-1032"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bps1z-7cg83,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. and Bachmair, A. and Finley, D. and Gonda, D. K. and Wünning, I.",
    title = "Targeting of proteins for degradation",
    journal = "Biotechnology (Reading, Mass.)",
    publisher = "Butterworths",
    year = "1989",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201125-154026315",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bps1z-7cg83",
    issn = "0740-7378",
    volume = "13",
    pages = "109-43"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5eeqj-66687,
    authors = "Goebl, Mark G. and Yochem, John and Jentsch, Stefan and McGrath, John P. and Varshavsky, Alexander and Byers, Breck",
    title = "The yeast cell cycle gene CDC34 encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1988",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403433",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5eeqj-66687",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.2842867",
    volume = "241",
    number = "4871",
    pages = "1331-1335"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2v65-xwt80,
    authors = "Solomon, Mark J. and Larsen, Pamela L. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Mapping protein-DNA interactions in vivo with formaldehyde: Evidence that histone H4 is retained on a highly transcribed gene",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1988",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403364",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2v65-xwt80",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/s0092-8674(88)90469-2",
    volume = "53",
    number = "6",
    pages = "937-947"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m53g7-0mv19,
    authors = "Bartel, Bonnie and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Hypersensitivity to heavy water: A new conditional phenotype",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1988",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210129-142403546",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m53g7-0mv19",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(88)90435-7",
    volume = "52",
    number = "6",
    pages = "935-941"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/43t5m-r3492,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander and Bachmair, Andreas and Finley, Daniel",
    title = "N-end rule of selective protein turnover: mechanistic aspects and functional implications",
    journal = "Biochemical Society Transactions",
    publisher = "Portland Press Ltd.",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201201-103332052",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/43t5m-r3492",
    issn = "0300-5127",
    doi = "10.1042/bst0150815",
    volume = "15",
    number = "5",
    pages = "815-816"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7mf1g-0r085,
    authors = "Solomon, Mark J. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A nuclease-hypersensitive region forms de novo after chromosome replication",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SOLmcb87",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7mf1g-0r085",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/mcb.7.10.3822",
    volume = "7",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC368040",
    pages = "3822-3825"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5drew-49a02,
    authors = "Peck, Lawrence J. and Millstein, Larry and Eversole-Cire, Pamela and Gottesfeld, Joel M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Transcriptionally inactive oocyte-type 5S RNA genes of Xenopus laevis are complexed with TFIIIA in vitro",
    journal = "Molecular and Cellular Biology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:PECmcb87",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5drew-49a02",
    issn = "0270-7306",
    doi = "10.1128/mcb.7.10.3503",
    volume = "7",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC368002",
    pages = "3503-3510"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2ary-ncn68,
    authors = "Jentsch, Stefan and McGrath, John P. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The yeast DNA repair gene RAD6 encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162657916",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k2ary-ncn68",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/329131a0",
    volume = "329",
    number = "6135",
    pages = "131-134"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/42c6e-2kr84,
    authors = "Özkaynak, Engin and Finley, Daniel and Solomon, Mark J. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The yeast ubiquitin genes: a family of natural gene fusions",
    journal = "EMBO Journal",
    publisher = "European Molecular Biology Organization",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-114432603",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/42c6e-2kr84",
    issn = "0261-4189",
    doi = "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02384.x",
    volume = "6",
    number = "5",
    pmcid = "PMC553949",
    pages = "1429-1439"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r359e-7r495,
    authors = "Finley, Daniel and Özkaynak, Engin and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The yeast polyubiquitin gene is essential for resistance to high temperatures, starvation, and other stresses",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1987",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162657728",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r359e-7r495",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(87)90711-2",
    volume = "48",
    number = "6",
    pages = "1035-1046"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/66400-gfq87,
    authors = "Snapka, Robert M. and Kwok, Kwan and Bernard, John A. and Harling, Otto K. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Post-separation detection of nucleic acids and proteins by neutron activation",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1986",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SNApnas86",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/66400-gfq87",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.83.23.8939",
    volume = "83",
    number = "23",
    pmcid = "PMC387049",
    pages = "8939-8942"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h784q-0ye08,
    authors = "Bachmair, Andreas and Finley, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "In vivo half-life of a protein is a function of its amino-terminal residue",
    journal = "Science",
    publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
    year = "1986",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658169",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h784q-0ye08",
    issn = "0036-8075",
    doi = "10.1126/science.3018930",
    volume = "234",
    number = "4773",
    pages = "179-186"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/evk77-zca03,
    authors = "Swerdlow, Paul S. and Finley, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Enhancement of immunoblot sensitivity by heating of hydrated filters",
    journal = "Analytical Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1986",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658310",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/evk77-zca03",
    issn = "0003-2697",
    doi = "10.1016/0003-2697(86)90166-1",
    volume = "156",
    number = "1",
    pages = "147-153"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r6m6s-cvd90,
    authors = "Solomon, Mark J. and Strauss, Francois and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A mammalian high mobility group protein recognizes any stretch of six A·T base pairs in duplex DNA",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1986",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SOLpnas86",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r6m6s-cvd90",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.83.5.1276",
    volume = "83",
    number = "5",
    pmcid = "PMC323058",
    pages = "1276-1280"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vqt40-27807,
    authors = "Gros, Philippe and Croop, James and Roninson, Igor and Varshavsky, Alexander and Housman, David E.",
    title = "Isolation and characterization of DNA sequences amplified in multidrug-resistant hamster cells",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1986",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:GROpnas86",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vqt40-27807",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.83.2.337",
    volume = "83",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC322853",
    pages = "337-341"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rf7rk-c1e93,
    authors = "Ciccarelli, Richard B. and Solomon, Mark J. and Varshavsky, Alexander and Lippard, Stephen J.",
    title = "In vivo effects of cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) on SV40 chromosomes: differential repair, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of replication",
    journal = "Biochemistry",
    publisher = "American Chemical Society",
    year = "1985",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658489",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rf7rk-c1e93",
    issn = "0006-2960",
    doi = "10.1021/bi00347a005",
    volume = "24",
    number = "26",
    pages = "7533-7540"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b3zfz-24755,
    authors = "Solomon, Mark J. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Formaldehyde-mediated DNA-protein crosslinking: A probe for in vivo chromatin structures",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1985",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SOLpnas85",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b3zfz-24755",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.82.19.6470",
    volume = "82",
    number = "19",
    pmcid = "PMC390738",
    pages = "6470-6474"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yen4c-9ax33,
    authors = "Barsoum, James and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Preferential localization of variant nucleosomes near the 5'-end of the mouse dihydrofolate reductase gene",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1985",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658617",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yen4c-9ax33",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(17)39663-1",
    volume = "260",
    number = "12",
    pages = "7688-7697"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wx07d-48q55,
    authors = "Ciechanover, A. and Finley, D. and Varshavsky, A.",
    title = "Mammalian cell cycle mutant defective in intracellular protein degradation and ubiquitin-protein conjugation",
    journal = "Progress in clinical and biological research",
    publisher = "Wiley Liss",
    year = "1985",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201125-154027285",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wx07d-48q55",
    issn = "0361-7742",
    volume = "180",
    pages = "17-31"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nj6aw-71408,
    authors = "Özkaynak, Engin and Finley, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The yeast ubiquitin gene: head-to-tail repeats encoding a polyubiquitin precursor protein",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-120945572",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nj6aw-71408",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/312663a0",
    volume = "312",
    number = "5995",
    pages = "663-666"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5h8z6-vqx67,
    authors = "Strauss, François and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "A protein binds to a satellite DNA repeat at three specific sites that would be brought into mutual proximity by DNA folding in the nucleosome",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658719",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5h8z6-vqx67",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(84)90424-0",
    volume = "37",
    number = "3",
    pages = "889-901"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smgcf-qv008,
    authors = "Roninson, Igor B. and Abelson, Herbert T. and Housman, David E. and Howell, Neil and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Amplification of specific DNA sequences correlates with multi-drug resistance in Chinese hamster cells",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-114432302",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smgcf-qv008",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/309626a0",
    volume = "309",
    number = "5969",
    pages = "626-628"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/17eky-8z796,
    authors = "Finley, Daniel and Ciechanover, Aaron and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Thermolability of ubiquitin-activating enzyme from the mammalian cell cycle mutant ts85",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162659002",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/17eky-8z796",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(84)90299-x",
    volume = "37",
    number = "1",
    pages = "43-55"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f5tpx-yw957,
    authors = "Ciechanover, Aaron and Finley, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Ubiquitin dependence of selective protein degradation demonstrated in the mammalian cell cycle mutant ts85",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-162658866",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f5tpx-yw957",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(84)90300-3",
    volume = "37",
    number = "1",
    pages = "57-66"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9p73n-dhe21,
    authors = "Ciechanover, Aaron and Finley, Daniel and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "The ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic pathway and mechanisms of energy‐dependent intracellular protein degradation",
    journal = "Journal of Cellular Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "1984",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201201-102219067",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9p73n-dhe21",
    issn = "0730-2312",
    doi = "10.1002/jcb.240240104",
    volume = "24",
    number = "1",
    pages = "27-53"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/48t44-0se12,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Do stalled replication forks synthesize a specific alarmone?",
    journal = "Journal of Theoretical Biology",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-114432693",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/48t44-0se12",
    issn = "0022-5193",
    doi = "10.1016/0022-5193(83)90228-x",
    volume = "105",
    number = "4",
    pages = "707-714"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2dh4d-w4s46,
    authors = "Snapka, Robert M. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Loss of unstably amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes from mouse cells is greatly accelerated by hydroxyurea",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SNApnas83",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2dh4d-w4s46",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.80.24.7533",
    volume = "80",
    number = "24",
    pmcid = "PMC389986",
    pages = "7533-7537"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/afydv-pkv19,
    authors = "Wu, Kun Chi and Strauss, François and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Nucleosome arrangement in green monkey α-satellite chromatin: Superimposition of non-random and apparently random patterns",
    journal = "Journal of Molecular Biology",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-114432865",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/afydv-pkv19",
    issn = "0022-2836",
    doi = "10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80228-9",
    volume = "170",
    number = "1",
    pages = "93-117"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q0fkv-vt431,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Diadenosine 5′, 5′′′-P¹, P⁴-tetraphosphate: a pleiotropically acting alarmone?",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-114432779",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q0fkv-vt431",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(83)90526-3",
    volume = "34",
    number = "3",
    pages = "711-712"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ww3jb-74124,
    authors = "Barsoum, James and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Mitogenic hormones and tumor promoters greatly increase the incidence of colony-forming cells bearing amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BARpnas83",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ww3jb-74124",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.80.17.5330",
    volume = "80",
    number = "17",
    pmcid = "PMC384249",
    pages = "5330-5334"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/seapy-jjf12,
    authors = "Swerdlow, Paul S. and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Affinity of HMG17 for a mononucleosome is not influenced by the presence of ubiquitin-H2A semihistone but strongly depends on DNA fragment size",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150600293",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/seapy-jjf12",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/11.2.387",
    volume = "11",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC325721",
    pages = "387-401"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/48kzq-e2589,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. and Barsoum, J. and Roninson, I. and Snapka, R.",
    title = "Acquisition and loss of amplified genes: dramatic effects of hormones, tumor promoters and cytotoxic drugs",
    journal = "Princess Takamatsu symposia",
    publisher = "Japan Scientific Societies Press",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201125-154028200",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/48kzq-e2589",
    volume = "14",
    pages = "235-254"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vta1v-qwq28,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. and Levinger, L. and Sundin, O. and Barsoum, J. and Özkaynak, E. and Swerdlow, P. and Finley, D.",
    title = "Cellular and SV40 Chromatin: Replication, Segregation, Ubiqiritination, Nuclease-hypersensitive Sites, HMG-containing Nueleosomes, and Heterochromatin-specific Protein",
    journal = "Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology",
    publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory",
    year = "1983",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150600550",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vta1v-qwq28",
    issn = "0091-7451",
    doi = "10.1101/sqb.1983.047.01.061",
    volume = "47",
    pages = "511-528"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pb3bd-bs343,
    authors = "Levinger, Louis and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Protein D1 preferentially binds A+T-rich DNA in vitro and is a component of Drosophila melanogaster nucleosomes containing A+T-rich satellite DNA",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1982",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LEVpnas82",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pb3bd-bs343",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.79.23.7152",
    volume = "79",
    number = "23",
    pmcid = "PMC347296",
    pages = "7152-7156"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/93za1-7er33,
    authors = "Barsoum, James and Levinger, Louis and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "On the chromatin structure of the amplified, transcriptionally active gene for dihydrofolate reductase in mouse cells",
    journal = "Journal of Biological Chemistry",
    publisher = "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    year = "1982",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150600418",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/93za1-7er33",
    issn = "0021-9258",
    doi = "10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34667-2",
    volume = "257",
    number = "9",
    pages = "5274-5282"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wczyr-vpg62,
    authors = "Boyce, Frederick M. and Sundin, Olof and Barsoum, James and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "New way to isolate simian virus 40 nucleoprotein complexes from infected cells: use of a thiol-specific reagent",
    journal = "Journal of Virology",
    publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
    year = "1982",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BOYjvir82",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wczyr-vpg62",
    issn = "0022-538X",
    doi = "10.1128/jvi.42.1.292-296.1982",
    volume = "42",
    number = "1",
    pmcid = "PMC256070",
    pages = "292-296"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/86mar-acv91,
    authors = "Levinger, Louis and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Selective arrangement of ubiquitinated and D1 protein-containing nucleosomes within the drosophila genome",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1982",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150600167",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/86mar-acv91",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(82)90355-5",
    volume = "28",
    number = "2",
    pages = "375-385"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j0y7a-1kj22,
    authors = "Sundin, Olof and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Arrest of segregation leads to accumulation of highly intertwined catenated dimers: Dissection of the final stages of SV40 DNA replication",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1981",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150559952",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j0y7a-1kj22",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(81)90173-2",
    volume = "25",
    number = "3",
    pages = "659-669"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rrjkp-qa893,
    authors = "Levinger, Louis and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Heat-shock proteins of Drosophila are associated with nuclease-resistant, high-salt-resistant nuclear structures",
    journal = "Journal of Cell Biology",
    publisher = "Rockefeller University Press",
    year = "1981",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150600047",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rrjkp-qa893",
    issn = "0021-9525",
    doi = "10.1083/jcb.90.3.793",
    volume = "90",
    number = "3",
    pmcid = "PMC2111893",
    pages = "793-796"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/688tc-fyc12,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = {On the possibility of metabolic control of replicon "misfiring": Relationship to emergence of malignant phenotypes in mammalian cell lineages},
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1981",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:VARpnas81",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/688tc-fyc12",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.78.6.3673",
    volume = "78",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC319633",
    pages = "3673-3677"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3xnvh-w9c14,
    authors = "Levinger, Louis and Barsoum, James and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Two-dimensional hybridization mapping of nucleosomes: Comparison of DNA and protein patterns",
    journal = "Journal of Molecular Biology",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1981",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150559856",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3xnvh-w9c14",
    issn = "0022-2836",
    doi = "10.1016/0022-2836(81)90389-2",
    volume = "146",
    number = "3",
    pages = "287-304"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1zhxc-3gs43,
    authors = "Sundin, Olof and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Terminal stages of SV40 DNA replication proceed via multiply intertwined catenated dimers",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1980",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150559204",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1zhxc-3gs43",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(80)90118-x",
    volume = "21",
    number = "1",
    pages = "103-114"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/43ns9-bng32,
    authors = "Levinger, Louis and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = {High-resolution fractionation of nucleosomes: minor particles, "whiskers," and separation of mononucleosomes containing and lacking A24 semihistone},
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
    publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
    year = "1980",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LEVpnas80",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/43ns9-bng32",
    issn = "0027-8424",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.77.6.3244",
    volume = "77",
    number = "6",
    pmcid = "PMC349591",
    pages = "3244-3248"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k4vv4-nac91,
    authors = "Sundin, Olof and Varshavsky, Alexander",
    title = "Staphylococcal nuclease makes a single non-random cut in the simian virus 40 viral minichromosome",
    journal = "Journal of Molecular Biology",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1979",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150559088",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k4vv4-nac91",
    issn = "0022-2836",
    doi = "10.1016/0022-2836(79)90274-2",
    volume = "132",
    number = "3",
    pages = "535-546"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mcjnj-8ag05,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander J. and Sundin, Olof and Bohn, Michael",
    title = {A stretch of "late" SV40 viral DNA about 400 bp long which includes the origin of replication is specifically exposed in SV40 minichromosomes},
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1979",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210122-150556684",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mcjnj-8ag05",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(79)90021-7",
    volume = "16",
    number = "2",
    pages = "453-466"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ctpdq-93418,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Sundin, O. H. and Bohn, M. J.",
    title = "SV40 viral minichromosome: preferential exposure of the origin of replication as probed by restriction endonucleases",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1978",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-135308672",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ctpdq-93418",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/5.10.3469",
    volume = "5",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC342688",
    pages = "3469-3478"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/keada-pnv58,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V. and Bakayeva, T. G. and Chumackov, P. M. and Schmatchenko, V. V. and Georgiev, G.P.",
    title = "On the structure of cellular and viral chromatin",
    journal = "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences",
    publisher = "The Royal Society",
    year = "1978",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-135308449",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/keada-pnv58",
    issn = "0080-4622",
    doi = "10.1098/rstb.1978.0024",
    volume = "283",
    number = "997",
    pages = "275-285"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7htcz-anp50,
    authors = "Shmatchenko, V. V. and Varshavsky, A. J.",
    title = "A technique of low-pH gel electrophoresis of chromosomal proteins which does not require preliminary removal of DNA",
    journal = "Analytical Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1978",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-135308547",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7htcz-anp50",
    issn = "0003-2697",
    doi = "10.1016/0003-2697(78)90271-3",
    volume = "85",
    number = "1",
    pages = "42-46"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nhjcm-w7v29,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V. and Nedospasov, S. A. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "On the Structure of Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic, and Viral Chromatin",
    journal = "Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology",
    publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory",
    year = "1978",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210119-135308326",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nhjcm-w7v29",
    issn = "0091-7451",
    doi = "10.1101/sqb.1978.042.01.049",
    volume = "42",
    number = "1",
    pages = "457-473"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ses30-pzw90,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Nedospasov, S. A. and Schmatchenko, V. V. and Bakayev, V. V. and Chumackov, P. M. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Compact form of SV40 viral minichromosome is resistant to nuclease: possible implications for chromatin structure",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1977",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201218-095603050",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ses30-pzw90",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/4.10.3303",
    volume = "4",
    number = "10",
    pmcid = "PMC342655",
    pages = "3303-3325"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/60mag-vvh97,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Nedospasov, S. A. and Bakayev, V. V. and Bakayeva, T. G. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Histone-like proteins in the purified Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleoprotein",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1977",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201218-095602925",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/60mag-vvh97",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/4.8.2725",
    volume = "4",
    number = "8",
    pmcid = "PMC342604",
    pages = "2725-2746"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gtppg-mdx91,
    authors = "Bakayev, V. V. and Bakayeva, T. G. and Varshavsky, A. J.",
    title = "Nucleosomes and subnucleosomes: heterogeneity and composition",
    journal = "Cell",
    publisher = "Cell Press",
    year = "1977",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201218-095602789",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gtppg-mdx91",
    issn = "0092-8674",
    doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(77)90079-4",
    volume = "11",
    number = "3",
    pages = "619-629"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kwcvb-ab307,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Free DNA stretches in histone H1-depleted chromatin and their possible relation to chromomere structure",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1976",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210203-074258460",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kwcvb-ab307",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00357206",
    volume = "3",
    number = "1",
    pages = "27-38"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6j3bm-sfm72,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V. and Chumackov, P. M. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Minichromosome of simian virus 40: presence of histone HI",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1976",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201216-124003102",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6j3bm-sfm72",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/3.8.2101",
    volume = "3",
    number = "8",
    pmcid = "PMC343065",
    pages = "2101-2114"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mrpf1-zez84,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander J. and Bakayev, Valery V. and Ilyin, Yurii V. and Bayev, Alexey A., Jr. and Georgiev, Georgii P.",
    title = "Studies on Chromatin. Free DNA in Sheared Chromatin",
    journal = "European Journal of Biochemistry",
    publisher = "Wiley",
    year = "1976",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201216-124002591",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mrpf1-zez84",
    issn = "0014-2956",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10510.x",
    volume = "66",
    number = "2",
    pages = "211-223"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8cxmj-ahm43,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Heterogeneity of chromatin subunits in vitro and location of histone H1",
    journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    year = "1976",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201216-124002783",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8cxmj-ahm43",
    issn = "0305-1048",
    doi = "10.1093/nar/3.2.477",
    volume = "3",
    number = "2",
    pmcid = "PMC342917",
    pages = "477-492"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vpzfn-h1115,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V.",
    title = "Studies on chromatin. III. v-Bodies and Free DNA in Chromatin Lacking Histone H1",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1975",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-085746135",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vpzfn-h1115",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00356990",
    volume = "2",
    number = "3",
    pages = "209-217"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/762py-mx864,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Bakayev, V. V.",
    title = "Studies on chromatin. IV. Evidence for a toroidal shape of chromatin subunits",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1975",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-090059214",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/762py-mx864",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00356995",
    volume = "2",
    number = "3",
    pages = "247-254"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/phxf8-70h38,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Studies on chromatin. V. A model for the structure of chromatin subunit",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1975",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-083952421",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/phxf8-70h38",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00356996",
    volume = "2",
    number = "3",
    pages = "255-262"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg31j-yjt45,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Ilyin, Yu. V. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Very long stretches of free DNA in chromatin",
    journal = "Nature",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    year = "1974",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201216-124002260",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg31j-yjt45",
    issn = "0028-0836",
    doi = "10.1038/250602a0",
    volume = "250",
    number = "5467",
    pages = "602-606"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9vzn-chm79,
    authors = "Ilyin, Yu. V. and Bayev, A. A., Jr. and Zhuze, A. L. and Varshavsky, A. J.",
    title = "Histone-histone proximity in chromatin as seen by imidoester cross-linking",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1974",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-085445588",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9vzn-chm79",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00309568",
    volume = "1",
    number = "6",
    pages = "343-348"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sjjcz-sfw80,
    authors = "Georgiev, Georgiy P. and Varshavsky, Alexandr Ja. and Ryskov, Akexej P. and Church, Robert B.",
    title = "On the Structural Organization of the Transcriptional Unit in Animal Chromosomes",
    journal = "Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology",
    publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory",
    year = "1974",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201216-124001838",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sjjcz-sfw80",
    issn = "0091-7451",
    doi = "10.1101/sqb.1974.038.01.089",
    volume = "38",
    pages = "869-884"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kg689-ev673,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Ilyin, Yu. V. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Long molecules of free DNA in the sheared chromatin preparation",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1973",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-085119478",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kg689-ev673",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00357642",
    volume = "1",
    number = "4",
    pages = "201-207"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wm6jb-de263,
    authors = "Varshavsky, Alexander J. and Georgiev, Georgii P.",
    title = "Redistribution of histones during unfolding of chromosomal DNA",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1973",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-084722770",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wm6jb-de263",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00357154",
    volume = "1",
    number = "3",
    pages = "143-148"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tmmyv-t0555,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Arrangement of histones along DNA in chromosomal deoxyribonucleoprotein lacking histone F1",
    journal = "Molecular Biology Reports",
    publisher = "Springer",
    year = "1973",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210317-084350197",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tmmyv-t0555",
    issn = "0301-4851",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00357586",
    volume = "1",
    number = "2",
    pages = "87-92"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8cf3q-dfw23,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. J. and Georgiev, G. P.",
    title = "Clustered arrangement of histones F2a1 and F3 along DNA in chromosomal deoxyribonucleoproteins",
    journal = "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1972",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201202-154043213",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8cf3q-dfw23",
    issn = "0005-2787",
    doi = "10.1016/0005-2787(72)90166-9",
    volume = "281",
    number = "4",
    pages = "669-674"
}


@article{https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3z6b3-31232,
    authors = "Varshavsky, A. Ya. and Ilyin, Yu. V. and Kadyckov, V. I. and Senchenkov, E. P.",
    title = "Collapse of extended deoxyribonucleoprotein molecules upon increase of the ionic strength of solution",
    journal = "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    year = "1971",
    url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201202-154043608",
    id = "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3z6b3-31232",
    issn = "0005-2787",
    doi = "10.1016/0005-2787(71)90797-0",
    volume = "246",
    number = "3",
    pages = "583-588"
}