[ { "id": "authors:kynxd-de431", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "kynxd-de431", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ABRprl89c", "type": "article", "title": "Measurements of Z-boson resonance parameters in e+e- annihilation", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abrams", "given_name": "G. S.", "clpid": "Abrams-G-S" }, { "family_name": "Adolphsen", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Adolphsen-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Averill", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Averill-D" }, { "family_name": "Ballam", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Ballam-J" }, { "family_name": "Barish", "given_name": "B. C.", "clpid": "Barish-B-C" }, { "family_name": "Barklow", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Barklow-T" }, { "family_name": "Barnett", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Barnett-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Bartelt", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Bartelt-J" }, { "family_name": "Bethke", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Bethke-S" }, { "family_name": "Blockus", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Blockus-D" }, { "family_name": "Bonvicini", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Bonvicini-G" }, { "family_name": "Boyarski", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Boyarski-A" }, { "family_name": "Brabson", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Brabson-B" }, { "family_name": "Breakstone", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Breakstone-A" }, { "family_name": "Brom", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Brom-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Bulos", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Bulos-F" }, { "family_name": "Burchat", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Burchat-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Burke", "given_name": "D. L.", "clpid": "Burke-D-L" }, { "family_name": "Cence", "given_name": "R. J.", "clpid": "Cence-R-J" }, { "family_name": "Chapman", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Chapman-J" }, { "family_name": "Chmeissani", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Chmeissani-M" }, { "family_name": "Cords", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Cords-D" }, { "family_name": "Coupal", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Coupal-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Dauncey", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Dauncey-P" }, { "family_name": "DeStaebler", "given_name": "H. C.", "clpid": "DeStaebler-H-C" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "D. E.", "clpid": "Dorfan-D-E" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Dorfan-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Drewer", "given_name": "D. C.", "clpid": "Drewer-D-C" }, { "family_name": "Elia", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Elia-R" }, { "family_name": "Feldman", "given_name": "G. J.", "clpid": "Feldman-G-J" }, { "family_name": "Fernandes", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fernandes-D" }, { "family_name": "Field", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Field-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Ford", "given_name": "W. T.", "clpid": "Ford-W-T" }, { "family_name": "Fordham", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Fordham-C" }, { "family_name": "Frey", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Frey-R" }, { "family_name": "Fujino", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fujino-D" }, { "family_name": "Gan", "given_name": "K. K.", "clpid": "Gan-K-K" }, { "family_name": "Gero", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Gero-E" }, { "family_name": "Gidal", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gidal-G" }, { "family_name": "Glanzman", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Glanzman-T" }, { "family_name": "Goldhaber", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Goldhaber-G" }, { "family_name": "Gomez Cadenas", "given_name": "J. J.", "clpid": "Gomez-Cadenas-J-J" }, { "family_name": "Gratta", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gratta-G" }, { "family_name": "Grindhammer", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Grindhammer-G" }, { "family_name": "Grosse-Wiesmann", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Grosse-Wiesmann-P" }, { "family_name": "Hanson", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Hanson-G" }, { "family_name": "Harr", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Harr-R" }, { "family_name": "Harral", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Harral-B" }, { "family_name": "Harris", "given_name": "F. A.", "clpid": "Harris-F-A" }, { "family_name": "Hawkes", "given_name": "C. M.", "clpid": "Hawkes-C-M" }, { "family_name": "Hayes", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Hayes-K" }, { "family_name": "Hearty", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Hearty-C" }, { "family_name": "Heusch", "given_name": "C. A.", "clpid": "Heusch-C-A" }, { "family_name": "Hildreth", "given_name": "M. D.", "clpid": "Hildreth-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Himel", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Himel-T" }, { "family_name": "Hinshaw", "given_name": "D. A.", "clpid": "Hinshaw-D-A" }, { "family_name": "Hong", "given_name": "S. J.", "clpid": "Hong-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Hutchinson", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Hutchinson-D" }, { "family_name": "Hylen", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Hylen-J" }, { "family_name": "Innes", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Innes-R" }, { "family_name": "Jacobsen", "given_name": "R. G.", "clpid": "Jacobsen-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Jaros", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Jaros-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Jung", "given_name": "C. K.", "clpid": "Jung-C-K" }, { "family_name": "Kadyk", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Kadyk-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Kent", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Kent-J" }, { "family_name": "King", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "King-M" }, { "family_name": "Klein", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Klein-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Koetke", "given_name": "D. S.", "clpid": "Koetke-D-S" }, { "family_name": "Komamiya", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Komamiya-S" }, { "family_name": "Koska", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Koska-W" }, { "family_name": "Kowalski", "given_name": "L. A.", "clpid": "Kowalski-L-A" }, { "family_name": "Kozanecki", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Kozanecki-W" }, { "family_name": "Kral", "given_name": "J. F.", "clpid": "Kral-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Kuhlen", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Kuhlen-M" }, { "family_name": "Labarga", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Labarga-L" }, { "family_name": "Lankford", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Lankford-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Larsen", "given_name": "R. R.", "clpid": "Larsen-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Le Diberder", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Le-Diberder-F" }, { "family_name": "Levi", "given_name": "M. E.", "clpid": "Levi-M-E" }, { "family_name": "Litke", "given_name": "A. M.", "clpid": "Litke-A-M" }, { "family_name": "Lou", "given_name": "X. C.", "clpid": "Lou-X-C" }, { "family_name": "L\u00fcth", "given_name": "V.", "clpid": "L\u00fcth-V" }, { "family_name": "McKenna", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "McKenna-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "J. A. J.", "clpid": "Matthews-J-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Mattison", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Mattison-T" }, { "family_name": "Milliken", "given_name": "B. D.", "clpid": "Milliken-B-D" }, { "family_name": "Moffeit", "given_name": "K. C.", "clpid": "Moffeit-K-C" }, { "family_name": "Munger", "given_name": "C. T.", "clpid": "Munger-C-T" }, { "family_name": "Murray", "given_name": "W. N.", "clpid": "Murray-W-N" }, { "family_name": "Nash", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Nash-J" }, { "family_name": "Ogren", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Ogren-H" }, { "family_name": "O'Shaughnessy", "given_name": "K. F.", "clpid": "O'Shaughnessy-K-F" }, { "family_name": "Parker", "given_name": "S. I.", "clpid": "Parker-S-I" }, { "family_name": "Peck", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Peck-C-W" }, { "family_name": "Perl", "given_name": "M. L.", "clpid": "Perl-M-L" }, { "family_name": "Perrier", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Perrier-F" }, { "family_name": "Petradza", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Petradza-M" }, { "family_name": "Pitthan", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Pitthan-R" }, { "family_name": "Porter", "given_name": "F. C.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1948-8889", "clpid": "Porter-F-C" }, { "family_name": "Rankin", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Rankin-P" }, { "family_name": "Riles", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Riles-K" }, { "family_name": "Rouse", "given_name": "F. R.", "clpid": "Rouse-F-R" }, { "family_name": "Rust", "given_name": "D. R.", "clpid": "Rust-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Sadrozinski", "given_name": "H. F. W.", "clpid": "Sadrozinski-H-F-W" }, { "family_name": "Schaad", "given_name": "M. W.", "clpid": "Schaad-M-W" }, { "family_name": "Schumm", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Schumm-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Seiden", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Seiden-A" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "J. G.", "clpid": "Smith-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Snyder", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Snyder-A" }, { "family_name": "Soderstrom", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Soderstrom-E" }, { "family_name": "Stoker", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Stoker-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Stroynowski", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Stroynowski-R" }, { "family_name": "Swartz", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Swartz-M" }, { "family_name": "Thun", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Thun-R" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Van Kooten", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Van-Kooten-R" }, { "family_name": "Voruganti", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Voruganti-P" }, { "family_name": "Wagner", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Wagner-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Watson", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Watson-S" }, { "family_name": "Weber", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Weber-P" }, { "family_name": "Weigend", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Weigend-A" }, { "family_name": "Weir", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Weir-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Wicklund", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Wicklund-E" }, { "family_name": "Woods", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Woods-M" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "D. Y.", "clpid": "Wu-D-Y" }, { "family_name": "Yurko", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Yurko-M" }, { "family_name": "Zaccardelli", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Zaccardelli-C" }, { "family_name": "von Zanthier", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "von-Zanthier-C" }, { "family_name": "Weinstein", "given_name": "Alan J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0928-6784", "clpid": "Weinstein-Alan-J-Physics" } ], "abstract": "We have measured the mass of the Z boson to be 91.14\u00b10.12 GeV/c^2, and its width to be 2.42-0.35+0.45 GeV. If we constrain the visible width to its standard-model value, we find the partial width to invisible decay modes to be 0.46\u00b10.10 GeV, corresponding to 2.8\u00b10.6 neutrino species, with a 95%-confidence-level upper limit of 3.9.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.2173", "issn": "0031-9007", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review Letters", "publication_date": "1989-11-13", "series_number": "20", "volume": "63", "issue": "20", "pages": "2173-2176" }, { "id": "authors:b32q1-xfq11", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "b32q1-xfq11", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ABRprl89b", "type": "article", "title": "First measurements of hadronic decays of the Z boson", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abrams", "given_name": "G. S.", "clpid": "Abrams-G-S" }, { "family_name": "Adolphsen", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Adolphsen-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Aleksan", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Aleksan-R" }, { "family_name": "Alexander", "given_name": "J. P.", "clpid": "Alexander-J-P" }, { "family_name": "Averill", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Averill-D" }, { "family_name": "Ballam", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Ballam-J" }, { "family_name": "Barish", "given_name": "B. C.", "clpid": "Barish-B-C" }, { "family_name": "Barklow", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Barklow-T" }, { "family_name": "Barnett", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Barnett-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Bartelt", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Bartelt-J" }, { "family_name": "Bethke", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Bethke-S" }, { "family_name": "Blockus", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Blockus-D" }, { "family_name": "de Boer", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "de-Boer-W" }, { "family_name": "Bonvicini", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Bonvicini-G" }, { "family_name": "Boyarski", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Boyarski-A" }, { "family_name": "Brabson", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Brabson-B" }, { "family_name": "Breakstone", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Breakstone-A" }, { "family_name": "Brom", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Brom-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Bulos", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Bulos-F" }, { "family_name": "Burchat", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Burchat-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Burke", "given_name": "D. L.", "clpid": "Burke-D-L" }, { "family_name": "Cence", "given_name": "R. J.", "clpid": "Cence-R-J" }, { "family_name": "Chapman", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Chapman-J" }, { "family_name": "Chmeissani", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Chmeissani-M" }, { "family_name": "Cords", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Cords-D" }, { "family_name": "Coupal", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Coupal-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Dauncey", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Dauncey-P" }, { "family_name": "DeStaebler", "given_name": "H. C.", "clpid": "DeStaebler-H-C" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "D. E.", "clpid": "Dorfan-D-E" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Dorfan-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Drell", "given_name": "P. S.", "clpid": "Drell-P-S" }, { "family_name": "Drewer", "given_name": "D. C.", "clpid": "Drewer-D-C" }, { "family_name": "Elia", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Elia-R" }, { "family_name": "Fay", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Fay-J" }, { "family_name": "Feldman", "given_name": "G. J.", "clpid": "Feldman-G-J" }, { "family_name": "Fernandes", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fernandes-D" }, { "family_name": "Field", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Field-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Ford", "given_name": "W. T.", "clpid": "Ford-W-T" }, { "family_name": "Fordham", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Fordham-C" }, { "family_name": "Frey", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Frey-R" }, { "family_name": "Fujino", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fujino-D" }, { "family_name": "Gan", "given_name": "K. K.", "clpid": "Gan-K-K" }, { "family_name": "Gero", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Gero-E" }, { "family_name": "Gidal", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gidal-G" }, { "family_name": "Glanzman", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Glanzman-T" }, { "family_name": "Goldhaber", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Goldhaber-G" }, { "family_name": "Gomez Cadenas", "given_name": "J. J.", "clpid": "Gomez-Cadenas-J-J" }, { "family_name": "Gratta", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gratta-G" }, { "family_name": "Grindhammer", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Grindhammer-G" }, { "family_name": "Grosse-Wiesmann", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Grosse-Wiesmann-P" }, { "family_name": "Hanson", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Hanson-G" }, { "family_name": "Harr", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Harr-R" }, { "family_name": "Harral", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Harral-B" }, { "family_name": "Harrison", "given_name": "F. A.", "orcid": "0000-0002-4226-8959", "clpid": "Harrison-F-A" }, { "family_name": "Hawkes", "given_name": "C. M.", "clpid": "Hawkes-C-M" }, { "family_name": "Hayes", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Hayes-K" }, { "family_name": "Hearty", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Hearty-C" }, { "family_name": "Herrup", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Herrup-D" }, { "family_name": "Heusch", "given_name": "C. A.", "clpid": "Heusch-C-A" }, { "family_name": "Hildreth", "given_name": "M. D.", "clpid": "Hildreth-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Himel", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Himel-T" }, { "family_name": "Hinshaw", "given_name": "D. A.", "clpid": "Hinshaw-D-A" }, { "family_name": "Holmgren", "given_name": "S.-O.", "clpid": "Holmgren-S-O" }, { "family_name": "Hong", "given_name": "S. J.", "clpid": "Hong-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Hutchinson", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Hutchinson-D" }, { "family_name": "Hylen", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Hylen-J" }, { "family_name": "Innes", "given_name": "W. R.", "clpid": "Innes-W-R" }, { "family_name": "Jacobsen", "given_name": "R. G.", "clpid": "Jacobsen-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Jaffre", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Jaffre-M" }, { "family_name": "Jaros", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Jaros-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Jung", "given_name": "C. K.", "clpid": "Jung-C-K" }, { "family_name": "Kadyk", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Kadyk-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Karlen", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Karlen-D" }, { "family_name": "Kent", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Kent-J" }, { "family_name": "King", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "King-M" }, { "family_name": "Klein", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Klein-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Koetke", "given_name": "D. S.", "clpid": "Koetke-D-S" }, { "family_name": "Komamiya", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Komamiya-S" }, { "family_name": "Koska", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Koska-W" }, { "family_name": "Kowalski", "given_name": "L. A.", "clpid": "Kowalski-L-A" }, { "family_name": "Kozanecki", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Kozanecki-W" }, { "family_name": "Kral", "given_name": "J. F.", "clpid": "Kral-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Kuhlen", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Kuhlen-M" }, { "family_name": "Labarga", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Labarga-L" }, { "family_name": "Lankford", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Lankford-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Larsen", "given_name": "R. R.", "clpid": "Larsen-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Le Diberder", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Le-Diberder-F" }, { "family_name": "Levi", "given_name": "M. E.", "clpid": "Levi-M-E" }, { "family_name": "Litke", "given_name": "A. M.", "clpid": "Litke-A-M" }, { "family_name": "L\u00fcth", "given_name": "V.", "clpid": "L\u00fcth-V" }, { "family_name": "Lynch", "given_name": "G. R.", "clpid": "Lynch-G-R" }, { "family_name": "McKenna", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "McKenna-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "J. A. J.", "clpid": "Matthews-J-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Mattison", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Mattison-T" }, { "family_name": "Milliken", "given_name": "B. D.", "clpid": "Milliken-B-D" }, { "family_name": "Moffeit", "given_name": "K. C.", "clpid": "Moffeit-K-C" }, { "family_name": "Munger", "given_name": "C. T.", "clpid": "Munger-C-T" }, { "family_name": "Murray", "given_name": "W. N.", "clpid": "Murray-W-N" }, { "family_name": "Nash", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Nash-J" }, { "family_name": "Nitz", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Nitz-D" }, { "family_name": "Ogren", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Ogren-H" }, { "family_name": "Ong", "given_name": "R. A.", "clpid": "Ong-R-A" }, { "family_name": "O'Shaughnessy", "given_name": "K. F.", "clpid": "O'Shaughnessy-K-F" }, { "family_name": "Parker", "given_name": "S. I.", "clpid": "Parker-S-I" }, { "family_name": "Peck", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Peck-C-W" }, { "family_name": "Perl", "given_name": "M. L.", "clpid": "Perl-M-L" }, { "family_name": "Perrier", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Perrier-F" }, { "family_name": "Petersen", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Petersen-A" }, { "family_name": "Petradza", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Petradza-M" }, { "family_name": "Pitthan", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Pitthan-R" }, { "family_name": "Porter", "given_name": "F. C.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1948-8889", "clpid": "Porter-F-C" }, { "family_name": "Rankin", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Rankin-P" }, { "family_name": "Richman", "given_name": "J. D.", "clpid": "Richman-J-D" }, { "family_name": "Riles", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Riles-K" }, { "family_name": "Rouse", "given_name": "F. R.", "clpid": "Rouse-F-R" }, { "family_name": "Rust", "given_name": "D. R.", "clpid": "Rust-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Sadrozinski", "given_name": "H. F. W.", "clpid": "Sadrozinski-H-F-W" }, { "family_name": "Schaad", "given_name": "M. W.", "clpid": "Schaad-M-W" }, { "family_name": "Schalk", "given_name": "T. L.", "clpid": "Schalk-T-L" }, { "family_name": "Schumm", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Schumm-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Schwarz", "given_name": "A. S.", "clpid": "Schwarz-A-S" }, { "family_name": "Seiden", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Seiden-A" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "J. G.", "clpid": "Smith-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Snyder", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Snyder-A" }, { "family_name": "Soderstrom", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Soderstrom-E" }, { "family_name": "Stoker", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Stoker-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Stroynowski", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Stroynowski-R" }, { "family_name": "Swartz", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Swartz-M" }, { "family_name": "Thun", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Thun-R" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Van Kooten", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Van-Kooten-R" }, { "family_name": "Voruganti", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Voruganti-P" }, { "family_name": "Wagner", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Wagner-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Watson", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Watson-S" }, { "family_name": "Weber", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Weber-P" }, { "family_name": "Weigend", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Weigend-A" }, { "family_name": "Weir", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Weir-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Wicklund", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Wicklund-E" }, { "family_name": "Wolf", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Wolf-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Wood", "given_name": "D. R.", "clpid": "Wood-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Woods", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Woods-M" }, { "family_name": "Wormser", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Wormser-G" }, { "family_name": "Wright", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Wright-R" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "D. Y.", "clpid": "Wu-D-Y" }, { "family_name": "Yurko", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Yurko-M" }, { "family_name": "Zaccardelli", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Zaccardelli-C" }, { "family_name": "von Zanthier", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "von-Zanthier-C" }, { "family_name": "Weinstein", "given_name": "Alan J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0928-6784", "clpid": "Weinstein-Alan-J-Physics" } ], "abstract": "We have observed hadronic final states produced in the decays of Z bosons. In order to study the parton structure of these events, we compare the distributions in sphericity, thurst, aplanarity, and number of jets to the predictions of several QCD-based models and to data from lower energies. The data and models agree within the present statistical precision.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.1558", "issn": "0031-9007", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review Letters", "publication_date": "1989-10-09", "series_number": "15", "volume": "63", "issue": "15", "pages": "1558-1561" }, { "id": "authors:62yxn-bjy06", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "62yxn-bjy06", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ABRprl89a", "type": "article", "title": "Initial measurements of Z-boson resonance parameters in e+e- annihilation", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abrams", "given_name": "G. S.", "clpid": "Abrams-G-S" }, { "family_name": "Adolphsen", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Adolphsen-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Aleksan", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Aleksan-R" }, { "family_name": "Alexander", "given_name": "J. P.", "clpid": "Alexander-J-P" }, { "family_name": "Allen", "given_name": "M. A.", "clpid": "Allen-M-A" }, { "family_name": "Atwood", "given_name": "W. B.", "clpid": "Atwood-W-B" }, { "family_name": "Averill", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Averill-D" }, { "family_name": "Ballam", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Ballam-J" }, { "family_name": "Bambade", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Bambade-P" }, { "family_name": "Barish", "given_name": "B. C.", "clpid": "Barish-B-C" }, { "family_name": "Barklow", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Barklow-T" }, { "family_name": "Barnett", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Barnett-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Bartelt", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Bartelt-J" }, { "family_name": "Bethke", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Bethke-S" }, { "family_name": "Blockus", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Blockus-D" }, { "family_name": "de Boer", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "de-Boer-W" }, { "family_name": "Bonvicini", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Bonvicini-G" }, { "family_name": "Boyarski", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Boyarski-A" }, { "family_name": "Brabson", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Brabson-B" }, { "family_name": "Breakstone", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Breakstone-A" }, { "family_name": "Breidenbach", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Breidenbach-M" }, { "family_name": "Brom", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Brom-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Brown", "given_name": "J. L.", "clpid": "Brown-J-L" }, { "family_name": "Brown", "given_name": "K. L.", "clpid": "Brown-K-L" }, { "family_name": "Bulos", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Bulos-F" }, { "family_name": "Burchat", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Burchat-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Burke", "given_name": "D. L.", "clpid": "Burke-D-L" }, { "family_name": "Cence", "given_name": "R. J.", "clpid": "Cence-R-J" }, { "family_name": "Chapman", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Chapman-J" }, { "family_name": "Chmeissani", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Chmeissani-M" }, { "family_name": "Clendenin", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Clendenin-J" }, { "family_name": "Cords", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Cords-D" }, { "family_name": "Coupal", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Coupal-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Dauncey", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Dauncey-P" }, { "family_name": "Dean", "given_name": "N. R.", "clpid": "Dean-N-R" }, { "family_name": "DeStaebler", "given_name": "H. C.", "clpid": "DeStaebler-H-C" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "D. E.", "clpid": "Dorfan-D-E" }, { "family_name": "Dorfan", "given_name": "J. M.", "clpid": "Dorfan-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Drell", "given_name": "P. S.", "clpid": "Drell-P-S" }, { "family_name": "Drewer", "given_name": "D. C.", "clpid": "Drewer-D-C" }, { "family_name": "Dydak", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Dydak-F" }, { "family_name": "Ecklund", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Ecklund-S" }, { "family_name": "Elia", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Elia-R" }, { "family_name": "Erickson", "given_name": "R. A.", "clpid": "Erickson-R-A" }, { "family_name": "Fay", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Fay-J" }, { "family_name": "Feldman", "given_name": "G. J.", "clpid": "Feldman-G-J" }, { "family_name": "Fernandes", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fernandes-D" }, { "family_name": "Field", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Field-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Fieguth", "given_name": "T. H.", "clpid": "Fieguth-T-H" }, { "family_name": "Fischer", "given_name": "G. E.", "clpid": "Fischer-G-E" }, { "family_name": "Ford", "given_name": "W. T.", "clpid": "Ford-W-T" }, { "family_name": "Fordham", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Fordham-C" }, { "family_name": "Frey", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Frey-R" }, { "family_name": "Fujino", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Fujino-D" }, { "family_name": "Gan", "given_name": "K. K.", "clpid": "Gan-K-K" }, { "family_name": "Gatto", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Gatto-C" }, { "family_name": "Gero", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Gero-E" }, { "family_name": "Gidal", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gidal-G" }, { "family_name": "Glanzman", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Glanzman-T" }, { "family_name": "Goldhaber", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Goldhaber-G" }, { "family_name": "Gomez Cadenas", "given_name": "J. J.", "clpid": "Gomez-Cadenas-J-J" }, { "family_name": "Gratta", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Gratta-G" }, { "family_name": "Grindhammer", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Grindhammer-G" }, { "family_name": "Grosse-Wiesmann", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Grosse-Wiesmann-P" }, { "family_name": "Hanson", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Hanson-G" }, { "family_name": "Harr", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Harr-R" }, { "family_name": "Harral", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Harral-B" }, { "family_name": "Harris", "given_name": "F. A.", "clpid": "Harris-F-A" }, { "family_name": "Hawkes", "given_name": "C. M.", "clpid": "Hawkes-C-M" }, { "family_name": "Hayes", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Hayes-K" }, { "family_name": "Hearty", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Hearty-C" }, { "family_name": "Herrup", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Herrup-D" }, { "family_name": "Heusch", "given_name": "C. A.", "clpid": "Heusch-C-A" }, { "family_name": "Hildreth", "given_name": "M. D.", "clpid": "Hildreth-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Himel", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Himel-T" }, { "family_name": "Hinshaw", "given_name": "D. A.", "clpid": "Hinshaw-D-A" }, { "family_name": "Holmgren", "given_name": "S. O.", "clpid": "Holmgren-S-O" }, { "family_name": "Hong", "given_name": "S. J.", "clpid": "Hong-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Hutchinson", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Hutchinson-D" }, { "family_name": "Hutton", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Hutton-A" }, { "family_name": "Hylen", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Hylen-J" }, { "family_name": "Innes", "given_name": "W. R.", "clpid": "Innes-W-R" }, { "family_name": "Jacobsen", "given_name": "R. G.", "clpid": "Jacobsen-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Jaffre", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Jaffre-M" }, { "family_name": "Jaros", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Jaros-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Jobe", "given_name": "R. K.", "clpid": "Jobe-R-K" }, { "family_name": "Jung", "given_name": "C. K.", "clpid": "Jung-C-K" }, { "family_name": "Kadyk", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Kadyk-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Karlen", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Karlen-D" }, { "family_name": "Kent", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Kent-J" }, { "family_name": "King", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "King-M" }, { "family_name": "Klein", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Klein-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Koetke", "given_name": "D. S.", "clpid": "Koetke-D-S" }, { "family_name": "Komamiya", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Komamiya-S" }, { "family_name": "Koska", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Koska-W" }, { "family_name": "Kowalski", "given_name": "L. A.", "clpid": "Kowalski-L-A" }, { "family_name": "Kozanecki", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Kozanecki-W" }, { "family_name": "Kral", "given_name": "J. F.", "clpid": "Kral-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Kuhlen", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Kuhlen-M" }, { "family_name": "Kulikov", "given_name": "A. V.", "clpid": "Kulikov-A-V" }, { "family_name": "Labarga", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Labarga-L" }, { "family_name": "Lankford", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Lankford-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Larsen", "given_name": "R. R.", "clpid": "Larsen-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Le Diberder", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Le-Diberder-F" }, { "family_name": "Levi", "given_name": "M. E.", "clpid": "Levi-M-E" }, { "family_name": "Litke", "given_name": "A. M.", "clpid": "Litke-A-M" }, { "family_name": "Lohse", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Lohse-T" }, { "family_name": "L\u00fcth", "given_name": "V.", "clpid": "L\u00fcth-V" }, { "family_name": "Lynch", "given_name": "G. R.", "clpid": "Lynch-G-R" }, { "family_name": "McKenna", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "McKenna-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "J. A. J.", "clpid": "Matthews-J-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Mattison", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Mattison-T" }, { "family_name": "Milliken", "given_name": "B. D.", "clpid": "Milliken-B-D" }, { "family_name": "Moffeit", "given_name": "K. C.", "clpid": "Moffeit-K-C" }, { "family_name": "Munger", "given_name": "C. T.", "clpid": "Munger-C-T" }, { "family_name": "Murray", "given_name": "J. J.", "clpid": "Murray-J-J" }, { "family_name": "Murray", "given_name": "W. N.", "clpid": "Murray-W-N" }, { "family_name": "Nash", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Nash-J" }, { "family_name": "Ogren", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Ogren-H" }, { "family_name": "Ong", "given_name": "R. A.", "clpid": "Ong-R-A" }, { "family_name": "O'Shaughnessy", "given_name": "K. F.", "clpid": "O'Shaughnessy-K-F" }, { "family_name": "Parker", "given_name": "S. I.", "clpid": "Parker-S-I" }, { "family_name": "Peck", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Peck-C-W" }, { "family_name": "Perl", "given_name": "M. L.", "clpid": "Perl-M-L" }, { "family_name": "Perrier", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Perrier-F" }, { "family_name": "Petersen", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Petersen-A" }, { "family_name": "Petradza", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Petradza-M" }, { "family_name": "Phinney", "given_name": "N.", "clpid": "Phinney-N" }, { "family_name": "Pitthan", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Pitthan-R" }, { "family_name": "Porter", "given_name": "F. C.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1948-8889", "clpid": "Porter-F-C" }, { "family_name": "Rankin", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Rankin-P" }, { "family_name": "Rees", "given_name": "J. R.", "clpid": "Rees-J-R" }, { "family_name": "Richman", "given_name": "J. D.", "clpid": "Richman-J-D" }, { "family_name": "Riles", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Riles-K" }, { "family_name": "Rivkin", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Rivkin-L" }, { "family_name": "Ross", "given_name": "M. C.", "clpid": "Ross-M-C" }, { "family_name": "Rouse", "given_name": "F. R.", "clpid": "Rouse-F-R" }, { "family_name": "Rust", "given_name": "D. R.", "clpid": "Rust-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Sadrozinski", "given_name": "H. F. W.", "clpid": "Sadrozinski-H-F-W" }, { "family_name": "Schaad", "given_name": "M. W.", "clpid": "Schaad-M-W" }, { "family_name": "Schalk", "given_name": "T. L.", "clpid": "Schalk-T-L" }, { "family_name": "Schumm", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Schumm-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Schwarz", "given_name": "A. S.", "clpid": "Schwarz-A-S" }, { "family_name": "Seeman", "given_name": "J. T.", "clpid": "Seeman-J-T" }, { "family_name": "Seiden", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Seiden-A" }, { "family_name": "Sheppard", "given_name": "J. C.", "clpid": "Sheppard-J-C" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "J. G.", "clpid": "Smith-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Snyder", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Snyder-A" }, { "family_name": "Soderstrom", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Soderstrom-E" }, { "family_name": "Stiening", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Stiening-R" }, { "family_name": "Stoker", "given_name": "D. P.", "clpid": "Stoker-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Stroynowski", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Stroynowski-R" }, { "family_name": "Swartz", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Swartz-M" }, { "family_name": "Thun", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Thun-R" }, { "family_name": "Toge", "given_name": "N.", "clpid": "Toge-N" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Van Kooten", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Van-Kooten-R" }, { "family_name": "Voruganti", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Voruganti-P" }, { "family_name": "Wagner", "given_name": "S. R.", "clpid": "Wagner-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Watson", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Watson-S" }, { "family_name": "Weber", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Weber-P" }, { "family_name": "Weigend", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Weigend-A" }, { "family_name": "Weir", "given_name": "A. J.", "clpid": "Weir-A-J" }, { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "S. L.", "clpid": "White-S-L" }, { "family_name": "Wicklund", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Wicklund-E" }, { "family_name": "Wolf", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Wolf-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Wood", "given_name": "D. R.", "clpid": "Wood-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Woods", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Woods-M" }, { "family_name": "Wormser", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Wormser-G" }, { "family_name": "Wright", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Wright-R" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "D. Y.", "clpid": "Wu-D-Y" }, { "family_name": "Yurko", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Yurko-M" }, { "family_name": "Zaccardelli", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Zaccardelli-C" }, { "family_name": "von Zanthier", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "von-Zanthier-C" }, { "family_name": "Weinstein", "given_name": "A. J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0928-6784", "clpid": "Weinstein-Alan-J-Physics" } ], "abstract": "We have measured the mass of the Z boson to be 91.11\u00b10.23 GeV/c^2, and its width to be 1.61-0.43+0.60 GeV. If we constrain the visible width to its standard-model value, we find the partial width to invisible decay modes to be 0.62\u00b10.23 GeV, corresponding to 3.8\u00b11.4 neutrino species.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.724", "issn": "0031-9007", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review Letters", "publication_date": "1989-08-14", "series_number": "7", "volume": "63", "issue": "7", "pages": "724-727" }, { "id": "authors:vs3jx-n8260", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "vs3jx-n8260", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141105-105453141", "type": "article", "title": "Cloud Chamber Investigation of Anomalous \u03b8^0 Particles", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kadyk", "given_name": "J. A.", "clpid": "Kadyk-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Leighton", "given_name": "R. B.", "clpid": "Leighton-R-B" }, { "family_name": "Anderson", "given_name": "C. D.", "clpid": "Anderson-C-D" } ], "abstract": "Eighteen anomalous \u03b8^0, (\u03b8^0_(anom)), decay events observed in the California Institute of Technology magnet cloud chambers have been analyzed. Many of these decays are dynamically inconsistent with the \u03c4^0\u2192\u03c0^++\u03c0^\u2212+\u03c0^0 scheme, but most are consistent with the decay processes: \u03b8^0_(anom)\u2192\u03c0^++\u03c0^\u2212+\u03b3, \u03c0^\u00b1+\u03bc^\u2213+\u03bd, and \u03c0^\u00b1+e^\u2213+\u03bd. However, at least one event is inconsistent with each decay scheme. From the locations of the decays in the cloud chamber, the lifetime is found to be significantly longer than that of the normal \u03b8^0 particle, called here the \u03b8^0_(\u03c02) particle. Other differences in the behavior of the \u03b80anom and \u03b8^0_(\u03c02) particles were also observed in the (a) momentum distributions, (b) origin locations, (c) relative numbers of \u03b8^0_(anom) and \u03b8^0_(\u03c02) particles traveling upward, and (d) the types of V particles produced in association with the \u03b8^0_(anom) and \u03b8^0_(\u03c02). It is concluded that not all the \u03b8^0_(anom) decays can result from alternate decay modes of the \u03b8^0_(\u03c02). Moreover, many decays can be neither \u03c4^0 decays nor alternate decays of the \u03b8^0_(\u03c02).\n\nThe characteristics of the \u03b8^0_2 particle proposed by Gell-Mann and Pais are consistent with those of the \u03b8^0_(anom) particle, with the possible exception of the observed types of associations. An estimate was made of the relative number of \u03b8^0_(anom) to \u03b8^0_(\u03c02) particles observed to decay in the cloud chamber. If all \u03b8^0_(anom) decays are assumed to arise from decays of the \u03b8^0_2 particle, then a lower limit for the \u03b8^0_2 lifetime is found to be about 10^(\u22129) sec.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.105.1862", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1957-03-15", "series_number": "6", "volume": "105", "issue": "6", "pages": "1862-1871" }, { "id": "authors:x908e-0ym67", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "x908e-0ym67", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:TRIpr56", "type": "article", "title": "Cloud-Chamber Study of the Production and Decay of Strange Particles", "author": [ { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Leighton", "given_name": "R. B.", "clpid": "Leighton-R-B" } ], "abstract": "Out of 1242 decay events observed in a magnetic cloud chamber array triggered on penetrating showers, a total of 54 associated V-particle pairs has been obtained. All the associations observed are consistent with the \"strangeness\" selection rules. A statistical analysis of the numbers of double and single events has been used to obtain rough estimates of the fractions of neutral K particles and neutral hyperons which decay by \"invisible\" modes, and of the relative frequencies of occurrence of various production processes. The main uncertainties in the resulting values are discussed in detail.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.104.1703", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "Physical Review", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1956-12-15", "series_number": "6", "volume": "104", "issue": "6", "pages": "1703-1710" }, { "id": "authors:4xsx1-sw779", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4xsx1-sw779", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180111-144252280", "type": "article", "title": "Cloud-Chamber Study of Negative Strange Particles", "author": [ { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Neugebauer", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Neugebauer-G" } ], "abstract": "A detailed analysis of the decays in flight of negative K mesons and hyperons, obtained with the 48-in. cloud chambers in Pasadena, is presented. The principal results are the following: \n\n1. Two new fully measurable \u03c4^\u2212 events add to the already strong evidence for the existence of this particle. \n\n2. K^\u2212 events with a single charged secondary are shown to be most consistent with the K_(\u03c0^2) and K_(\u03bc^2) decay modes. \n\n3. An analysis of 7 Caltech \u039e^\u2212 events is shown to lead to a Q value of 65\u00b13 Mev, and a 50% confidence lower limit to the lifetime of 4.6 \u00d7 10^(\u221210) sec. A rough upper limit to the lifetime of 2 \u00d7 10^(\u22128) sec, based on the predictions of the strangeness theory, is obtained. Angular correlations among the \u039e^\u2212 secondaries are studied, but the statistics are insufficient to permit any significant conclusion. An additional event which is most easily interpreted as a \u039e^\u2212 decay is discussed. \n\n4. The V^\u2212 events which are neither K^\u2212 nor \u039e^\u2212 are shown to have a lifetime less than or equal to (1.52^+(0.38)_(\u22120.25))\u00d710^(\u221210) sec and a P^* value, based on their transverse momentum distribution, of 197\u00b17 Mev/c. These values correspond satisfactorily with the presently known properties of the \u03a3^\u2212hyperon. \n\n5. It is estimated from a comparison of the numbers of identified \u039e\u2212's and V^\u2212's that the fraction of \u039b^0 particles which decay into charged secondaries is greater than 0.40^(+0.15)_(\u22120.11), and can, insofar as the present data are concerned, be as high as unity. \n\nAll errors quoted in the above results are 50% confidence limits.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.104.1688", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1956-12", "series_number": "6", "volume": "104", "issue": "6", "pages": "1688-1694" }, { "id": "authors:m8qgp-8pg70", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "m8qgp-8pg70", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:TRIpr55", "type": "article", "title": "Cloud-Chamber Investigation of Charged V Particles", "author": [ { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Leighton", "given_name": "R. B.", "clpid": "Leighton-R-B" } ], "abstract": "An analysis of 84 charged V events obtained during two years of operation of a vertical magnetic cloud-chamber array is presented. The particular features of interest which are studied in detail are the distribution of P*, the momentum of the charged secondary in the rest system of the primary, and the possible existence of a component of short lifetime (i.e., \u03c4<5\u00d710^-10 sec). The P* distribution from 19 slow, accurately measurable positive events is shown to imply that the large majority of these events arise from one or more two-body decays from primaries of mass approximately equal to that of the \u03c4 meson. One case turns out to be inconsistent with this interpretation, and is presumed to represent a three-body decay. The P* distribution from 6 slow, accurately measurable negative events is consistent with a single two-body decay having a P* value of about 200 Mev/c. This suggests the existence of a negative counterpart to the well-known \u03b80 particle, though the statistics are much too poor to permit any strong conclusion. The lifetime analysis provides strong evidence for the existence of a negative component of lifetime equal to or less than (1.3\u00b10.6)\u00d710^-10 sec. The transverse momentum distribution for these short-lived events is shown to suggest a two-body decay with a P* value of 201\u00b112 Mev/c.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.100.1468", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "Physical Review", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1955-12-01", "series_number": "5", "volume": "100", "issue": "5", "pages": "1468-1475" }, { "id": "authors:47p9k-b0691", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "47p9k-b0691", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SORpr55b", "type": "article", "title": "\u039b0-Fragment Decay in a Cloud Chamber", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sorrels", "given_name": "J. D.", "clpid": "Sorrels-J-D" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Leighton", "given_name": "R. B.", "clpid": "Leighton-R-B" } ], "abstract": "The decay in flight of a heavy nuclear fragment is described. The event is most reasonably interpreted as the decay of a \u039b0 particle bound to a He3 nucleus, and is similar to examples previously observed in nuclear emulsions. The lifetime of the excited fragment in this single example is 5.4\u00b10.6\u00d710^-10 sec, and the binding energy of the \u039b0 to He3 is probably less than 2 Mev.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.100.1484", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "Physical Review", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1955-12-01", "series_number": "5", "volume": "100", "issue": "5", "pages": "1484-1486" }, { "id": "authors:te1k0-af830", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "te1k0-af830", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LINpr54b", "type": "article", "title": "Q Value of \u039b0 Decay", "author": [ { "family_name": "van Lint", "given_name": "V. A. J.", "clpid": "van-Lint-V-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Trilling", "given_name": "G. H.", "clpid": "Trilling-G-H" }, { "family_name": "Leighton", "given_name": "R. B.", "clpid": "Leighton-R-B" }, { "family_name": "Anderson", "given_name": "C. D.", "clpid": "Anderson-C-D" } ], "abstract": "Measurements of the energy release or Q value in \u039b0 decay have previously been reported [1]. From the photographs obtained in the 48-in. magnet cloud chambers now operating in Pasadena, a set of the most accurately measurable \u039b0 decays have been selected for calculations of Q values.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRev.95.295", "issn": "0031-899X", "publisher": "Physical Review", "publication": "Physical Review", "publication_date": "1954-07-01", "series_number": "1", "volume": "95", "issue": "1", "pages": "295-296" } ]