[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mkt5n-6hz96", "eprint_id": 70947, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 11:40:43", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:54:28", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Khanna-R", "name": { "family": "Khanna", "given": "Raghav" } }, { "id": "Toberer-E-S", "name": { "family": "Toberer", "given": "Eric S." } }, { "id": "Heinz-N-A", "name": { "family": "Heinz", "given": "Nicholas A." } }, { "id": "Seifert-W", "name": { "family": "Seifert", "given": "Wolfgang" } } ] }, "title": "Improved Thermoelectric Cooling Based on the Thomson Effect", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nDated: February 2, 2014. \n\nWe thank AFOSR MURI FA9550-10-1-0533 for support.\n\n
Published - 98210J.pdf
", "abstract": "Traditional thermoelectric cooling relies on the Peltier effect which produces a temperature drop limited by the figure of merit, zT. This cooling limit is not required from classical thermodynamics but can be traced to problems of thermoelectric compatibility. Alternatively, if a thermoelectric cooler can be designed to achieve full thermoelectric compatibility, lower temperature can be achieved even if the zT is low. In such a device the Thomson effect plays an important role. We present the theoretical concept of a \"Thomson cooler,\" for cryogenic cooling which is designed to maintain thermoelectric compatibility and we derive the requirements for the Seebeck coefficient.", "date": "2016-05-17", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "98210J-1", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20161007-093930205", "isbn": "978-1-5106-0062-1", "book_title": "Tri-Technology Device Refrigeration (TTDR)", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161007-093930205", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "FA9550-10-1-0533" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Epstein-R-I", "name": { "family": "Epstein", "given": "Richard I." } }, { "id": "Andresen-B-F", "name": { "family": "Andresen", "given": "Bj\u00f8rn F." } }, { "id": "Hehlen-M-P", "name": { "family": "Hehlen", "given": "Markus P." } }, { "id": "Heremans-J-P", "name": { "family": "Heremans", "given": "Joseph P." } }, { "id": "R\u00fchlich-I-N", "name": { "family": "R\u00fchlich", "given": "Ingo N." } }, { "id": "Sheik-Bahae-M", "name": { "family": "Sheik-Bahae", "given": "Mansoor" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2228760", "primary_object": { "basename": "98210J.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mkt5n-6hz96/files/98210J.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Khanna, Raghav; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t19yx-7kn80", "eprint_id": 65469, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 06:06:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 16:02:46", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Li-C-C", "name": { "family": "Li", "given": "C. C." } }, { "id": "Hsu-S-J", "name": { "family": "Hsu", "given": "S. J." } }, { "id": "Lee-C-C", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "C. C." } }, { "id": "Liao-L-L", "name": { "family": "Liao", "given": "L. L." } }, { "id": "Dai-M-J", "name": { "family": "Dai", "given": "M. J." } }, { "id": "Liu-C-K", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "C. K." } }, { "id": "Zhu-Z-X", "name": { "family": "Zhu", "given": "Z. X." } }, { "id": "Yang-H-W", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "H. W." } }, { "id": "Ke-J-H", "name": { "family": "Ke", "given": "J. H." } }, { "id": "Kao-C-R", "name": { "family": "Kao", "given": "C. Robert" } }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" } ] }, "title": "Development of Interconnection Materials for Bi_2Te_3 and PbTe Thermoelectric Module by using SLID Technique", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Thermoelectric module, Solid Liquid Interdiffusion technique, High Temperature Storage, Interfacial Reaction", "note": "\u00a9 2015 IEEE. \n\nThis study is supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (101-2221-E-002-162-MY3), National Taiwan University (103R891804), the Industrial Technology Research Institute, and the Caltech DOW-Bridge program.", "abstract": "In this study, low-temperature Bi_2Te_3 and mid-temperature PbTe thermoelectric modules are assembled by the technique of Solid Liquid Interdiffusion (SLID). Scanning electron microscope is carried out for issues relating to factors limiting the reliability, growth of intermetallic compounds, and thermal stability. For low-temperature thermoelectric module, N-type Bi_2Te_3 is bonded to alumina substrates by using a Ni/Sn/Ag system. During bonding and subsequent aging reaction at 200 \u00b0C, Sn reacts with Ag to form Ag_3Sn, and Ni reacts with Sn to form Ni_3Sn_4. This reaction process takes less than 72 h to exhaust the entire Sn layer to produce a bonding that can withstand temperature as high as 480 \u00b0C. The interfacial reaction, Ni penetration depth, and IMC kinetics between Ni and Bi_2Te_3 at 200, 250, and 300 \u00b0C are also investigated in detail. For mid-temperature thermoelectric module, N-type PbTe is bonded to alumina substrates by using a Ag/In/Ag system. During assembly at 190 \u00b0C, all Ag/In/Ag joint are transformed into Ag_2In, which has the melting temperature above 670 \u00b0C, in less than 2 minutes. Furthermore, this Ag-In joint has passed high temperature storage test at 400 \u00b0C for 1000 h. The success of solid liquid interdiffusion technique and related contact materials provide a cost effective way to assemble thermoelectric modules for power generating or cooling applications which require long term operations at high temperatures.", "date": "2015-05", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "1470-1476", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160318-080645793", "isbn": "978-1-4799-8609-5", "book_title": "2015 IEEE 65th Electronic Components and Technology Conference", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160318-080645793", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Ministry of Science and Technology (Taipei)", "grant_number": "101-2221-E-002-162-MY3" }, { "agency": "National Taiwan University", "grant_number": "103R891804" }, { "agency": "Industrial Technology Research Institute" }, { "agency": "Caltech DOW-Bridge program" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/ECTC.2015.7159791", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Li, C. C.; Hsu, S. J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k7acr-d5f93", "eprint_id": 42517, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:00:45", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 06:04:59", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Heng", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Heng" } }, { "id": "Pei-Yanzhong", "name": { "family": "Pei", "given": "Yanzhong" } }, { "id": "LaLonde-A-D", "name": { "family": "LaLonde", "given": "Aaron D." } }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" } ] }, "title": "Material Design Considerations Based on Thermoelectric Quality Factor", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.", "abstract": "In this chapter several aspects of the electronic and phonon structure are\nconsidered for the design and engineering of advanced thermoelectric materials. For\na given compound, its thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, is fully exploited only when\nthe free carrier density is optimized. Achieving higher zT beyond this requires the\nimprovement in the material quality factor B. Using experimental data on lead chalcogenides\nas well as examples of other good thermoelectric materials, we demonstrate\nhow the fundamental material parameters: effective mass, band anisotropy, deformation\npotential, and band degeneracy, among others, impact the thermoelectric\nproperties and lead to desirable thermoelectric materials. As the quality factor B is\nintroduced under the assumption of acoustic phonon (deformation potential) scattering,\na brief discussion about carrier scattering mechanisms is also included. This\nsimple model with the use of an effective deformation potential coefficient fits the\nexperimental properties of real materials with complex structures and multi-valley\nFermi surfaces remarkably well\u2014which is fortunate as these are features likely found\nin advanced thermoelectric materials.", "date": "2013", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Springer", "place_of_pub": "Dordrecht", "pagerange": "3-32", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20131118-092636780", "isbn": "978-3-642-37536-1", "book_title": "Thermoelectric Nanomaterials: Materials Design and Applications", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20131118-092636780", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Koumoto-Kunihito", "name": { "family": "Koumoto", "given": "Kunihito" } }, { "id": "Mori-Takao", "name": { "family": "Mori", "given": "Takao" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/978-3-642-37537-8_1", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2013", "author_list": "Wang, Heng; Pei, Yanzhong; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/04qx3-1c009", "eprint_id": 85573, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 05:58:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 18:20:20", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" } ] }, "title": "Complex Thermoelectric Materials", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "band structure engineering; complex thermoelectric materials; Cu2Se; Zintl chemistry; Zn4Sb3", "note": "\u00a9 2012 Wiley\u2010VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. \n\nPublished Online: 30 April 2013; Published Print: 19 June 2012.", "abstract": "The widespread use of thermoelectric generators has been limited by the low material efficiency of the thermoelectric material. Complex electronic band structures provide mechanisms to achieve high zT in thermoelectric materials through band structure engineering. Complex crystal structures that enable relatively low thermal conductivity have lead to several new classes of thermoelectric materials. Fast diffusing or 'liquid\u2010like' elements in the complex materials Zn4Sb3 and Cu2Se provide additional mechanisms to scatter and otherwise inhibit phonon heat conductivity. The principles of Zintl chemistry facilitates the search for new complex materials and the tuning of known thermoelectric materials with earth abundant, non\u2010toxic elements. The synthesis of nanoscale composites can be controlled with the aid of equilibrium phase diagrams to produce microstructure of varying composition and length scale.", "date": "2012-06-19", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Wiley", "place_of_pub": "Weinheim", "pagerange": "44-44", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180402-153848650", "isbn": "9783527411917", "book_title": "Frontiers in Electronic Materials", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180402-153848650", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Heber-J", "name": { "family": "Heber", "given": "J\u00f6rg" } }, { "id": "Schlom-D-G", "name": { "family": "Schlom", "given": "Darrell" } }, { "id": "Tokura-Yoshinori", "name": { "family": "Tokura", "given": "Yoshinori" } }, { "id": "Waser-R", "name": { "family": "Waser", "given": "Rainer" } }, { "id": "Wuttig-M", "name": { "family": "Wuttig", "given": "Matthias" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/9783527667703.ch10", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2012", "author_list": "Snyder, G. Jeffrey" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cd0jb-cgd32", "eprint_id": 79102, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:31:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 14:35:39", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Chen-Xian", "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Xian" } }, { "id": "Cao-Shanshan", "name": { "family": "Cao", "given": "Shanshan" } }, { "id": "Ikeda-Teruyuki", "name": { "family": "Ikeda", "given": "Teruyuki" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7076-6958" }, { "id": "Srivastava-Vijay", "name": { "family": "Srivastava", "given": "Vijay" } }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Schryvers-D", "name": { "family": "Schryvers", "given": "Dominique" } }, { "id": "James-R-D", "name": { "family": "James", "given": "Richard D." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6019-6613" } ] }, "title": "3D Microstructures of Sb_2Te_3 Precipitates in PbTe Matrix with Prediction by a Weak Compatibility Condition", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Compatibility; Slice-and-view; Widmanst\u00e4tten; Precipitates; Focused-ion-beam", "note": "\u00a9 2012 TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society).", "abstract": "We propose that a weak compatibility condition predicts the elongated directions for Widmanst\u00e4tten type precipitates. The distribution of the elongated directions of precipitates lies on a family of crystallographically equivalent cones in 3D determined by a certain transformation stretch matrix obtained independently. A 3D visualization and digitization method is developed to show how the cone variants control the preferred growth directions during precipitation of Sb_2Te_3 in a (5 \u00b5m)_3 PbTe matrix. A series of two-dimensional secondary electron images are acquired along the direction perpendicular to the imaging plane. By pixelating all the images and calculating the position vectors on the surface of each precipitate, the elongation directions are calculated using a 3-dimensional ellipsoidal fitting for 182 precipitates. The 3D plot of the elongation directions shows that their spacial orientations are close to four predicted cones with a standard deviation of 5.6\u00b0. The length along the elongation directions reveals an asymmetric distribution with a mean value of about 240 nm. The total volume fraction of the precipitates is 8.3 %. The average area of the precipitates per volume is 0.68 \u00b5^(-1) by one point statistical calculation. These results build on our study presented in [1] by analyzing a significantly bigger data set and by including the length distribution and 1-point statistics.", "date": "2012", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Springer", "place_of_pub": "Cham, Switzerland", "pagerange": "125-130", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170714-074724725", "isbn": "978-3-319-48573-7", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on 3D Materials Science", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170714-074724725", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "De-Graef-M", "name": { "family": "De Graef", "given": "Marc" } }, { "id": "Poulsen-H-F", "name": { "family": "Poulsen", "given": "Henning Friis" } }, { "id": "Lewis-A", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Alexis" } }, { "id": "Simmons-J", "name": { "family": "Simmons", "given": "Jeff" } }, { "id": "Spanos-G", "name": { "family": "Spanos", "given": "George" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/978-3-319-48762-5_19", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2012", "author_list": "Chen, Xian; Cao, Shanshan; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vttrn-0vk19", "eprint_id": 9630, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 11:01:11", "lastmod": "2024-01-12 23:29:48", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "May-A-F", "name": { "family": "May", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0777-8539" }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "Jeff" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Fleurial-J-P", "name": { "family": "Fleurial", "given": "Jean-Pierre" } } ] }, "title": "Lanthanum Telluride: Mechanochemical Synthesis of a Refractory Thermoelectric Material", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "thermoelectric, mechanochemical, mechanical alloying, refractory materials", "note": "\u00a92008 American Institute of Physics. \n\nIssue Date: January 21, 2008. \n\nThe work described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The authors would like to thank T. Ikeda for performing the electron microprobe measurements, S. Firdosy and V.A. Ravi for thermal expansion measurements, J. Paik for sublimation rate measurements and L.D. Zoltan and T. McCarm for help with TE property measurements.\n\nPublished - MAYaipcp08.pdf
", "abstract": "Recent experimental work on lanthanum telluride has confirmed its significant potential as an n-type material for high temperature thermoelectric (TE) power generation application. The phase of interest, La3\u2212xTe4, has a Th3P4 defect structure where x is the lanthanum vacancy with values ranging between 0 and 1/3. Thermoelectric properties change rapidly with x since the carrier concentration, n, is proportional to the (1\u22123x) parameter. Controlling the Te to La stoichiometry in lanthanum telluride is thus vital to achieving the optimum self-doping level for the highest dimensionless figure of merit ZT value. We report on a significant improvement in reproducibly preparing this refractory compound over prior lengthy and unwieldy high temperature experimental techniques developed in the 1980's. Mechanochemical processes are utilized to synthesize precise stoichiometries of lanthanum telluride at room temperature, enabling improved characterization, analysis and modeling of its transport properties as a function of the number of La vacancies. We report TE properties for a large range of the allowed compositions, with ZT values greater than 1.0 obtained at 1275 K for several compositions. In addition to stoichiometric optimization within the pure compound, chemical substitutions can enhance performance by decreasing the lattice thermal conductivity and tuning the electrical properties for maximum ZT values at lower temperatures; preliminary studies indicate that the addition of ytterbium increases ZT. Some properties pertaining to device development are discussed. Specifically, lanthanum telluride has a low sublimation rate, and a coefficient of thermal expansion that closely matches a p-type rare earth compound analog (the Yb14MnSb11 Zintl compound).", "date": "2008-01-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "place_of_pub": "Melville, NY", "pagerange": "672-678", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:MAYaipcp08", "isbn": "978-0-7354-0486-1", "book_title": "SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM - STAIF 2008, Albuquerque, NM, 10\u201314 February 2008", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MAYaipcp08", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "name": { "family": "El-Genk", "given": "Mohamed S." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.2845029", "primary_object": { "basename": "MAYaipcp08.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vttrn-0vk19/files/MAYaipcp08.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2008", "author_list": "May, Andrew; Snyder, Jeff; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3j1da-r4081", "eprint_id": 10345, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 09:10:17", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 22:48:54", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ikeda-Teruyuki", "name": { "family": "Ikeda", "given": "Teruyuki" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7076-6958" }, { "id": "Toberer-E-S", "name": { "family": "Toberer", "given": "Eric S." } }, { "id": "Ravi-Vilupanur-A", "name": { "family": "Ravi", "given": "Vilupanur A." } }, { "id": "Haile-S-M", "name": { "family": "Haile", "given": "Sossina M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5293-6252" }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" } ] }, "title": "Lattice thermal conductivity of self-assembled PbTe-Sb_2Te_3 composites with nanometer lamellae", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2008 IEEE. \n\nThis work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and Jet Propulsion Laboratory.\n\nPublished - 04569408.pdf
Submitted - ICT2007_Pb-Sb-Te_.pdf
", "abstract": "In the system of PbTe and Sb_2Te_3, a metastable compound Pb_2Sb_6Te_(11) appears by solidification processing. It has been reported that this compound is decomposed into the two immiscible thermoelectric materials forming nanosized lamellar structure by heat treatments. The fraction transformed and the inter-lamellar spacing was systematically investigated. In this work, the thermal conductivities and the electrical resistivities have been measured as functions of annealing time through the transformation and the coarsening processes to clarify the effect of the fraction transformed and the inter-lamellar spacing. The thermal conductivity of Pb_2Sb_6Te_(11) is lower than that after the decomposition. The lattice part of the thermal conductivity of PbTe/Sb_2Te_3 lamellar samples decreases with decreasing inter-lamellar spacing. This is considered to be due to the coarsening of the microstructure.", "date": "2007-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "1-4", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:IKEict07", "isbn": "978-1-4244-2262-3", "book_title": "26th International Conference on Thermoelectrics, 2007 (ICT '07)", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:IKEict07", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "JPL" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/ICT.2007.4569408", "primary_object": { "basename": "04569408.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3j1da-r4081/files/04569408.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "ICT2007_Pb-Sb-Te_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3j1da-r4081/files/ICT2007_Pb-Sb-Te_.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2007", "author_list": "Ikeda, Teruyuki; Toberer, Eric S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gm934-66612", "eprint_id": 24275, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-14 19:02:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 20:47:49", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ikeda-Teruyuki", "name": { "family": "Ikeda", "given": "T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7076-6958" }, { "id": "Ravi-C", "name": { "family": "Ravi", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Collins-L-A", "name": { "family": "Collins", "given": "L. A." } }, { "id": "Haile-S-M", "name": { "family": "Haile", "given": "S. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5293-6252" }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" } ] }, "title": "Development of nanostructures in thermoelectric Pb-Te-Sb alloys", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Thermoelectric, Lamellar spacing, Fraction transformed,\nCoarsening", "note": "\u00a9 2006 IEEE. \nIssue Date: 6-10 Aug. 2006.\nDate of Current Version March 19, 2007. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. LC was supported by the SURF program at Caltech.\n\nPublished - Ikeda2006p9295Ict'06_Xxv_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics_Proceedings.pdf
", "abstract": "In analogy to recent demonstrations of enhanced thermoelectric properties in superlattice materials, composite structures with nanoscale features promise dramatic improvements in the figure of merit of thermoelectric materials. Fabrication of nanostructured thermoelectric materials via bulk synthesis is an attractive route for commercial applications. Nanometer scale lamellae of PbTe and Sb_2 Te_3 form when quenched eutectic PbTe-Sb_2Te_3 melt is subsequently annealed. The lamellar spacing depends on the temperature and time of the anneal. The mechanism for the development of the nanostructures can be characterized by examining the fraction of material transformed as a function of anneal time. Preliminary analysis of the shape factor exponent reveals that the evolution of the nanostructured lamellae is likened to the thickening of very large plates. The coarsening of the lamellar spacing is also examined as a function of time.", "date": "2006-08", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "172-175", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110630-112442325", "isbn": "1-4244-0811-3", "book_title": "XXV International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Proceedings", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110630-112442325", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "9473851", "name": "INSPEC Accession Nunber:" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/ICT.2006.331326", "primary_object": { "basename": "Ikeda2006p9295Ict'06_Xxv_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics_Proceedings.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gm934-66612/files/Ikeda2006p9295Ict'06_Xxv_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics_Proceedings.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2006", "author_list": "Ikeda, T.; Ravi, C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7bw15-gzp40", "eprint_id": 25217, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:52:10", "lastmod": "2023-10-24 15:42:36", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Stephens-P-W", "name": { "family": "Stephens", "given": "P. W." } }, { "id": "Haile-S-M", "name": { "family": "Haile", "given": "S. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5293-6252" } ] }, "title": "Synchrotron X-ray structure refinement of Zn_4Sb_3", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Zinc antimonide, Zn4Sb3, crystal structure, structural\ndisorder, Rietveld refinement, Zintl phase", "note": "\u00a9 2005 IEEE. Date of Current Version: 24 October 2005. This work was funded by the NSF through Caltech's Center for the Science and Engineering of Materials (MRSEC program). NSLS beamline X3 was partially supported by the Department of Energy under grant no. DE-FG02-86ER 45231. The National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.\n\nPublished - Snyder2005p9537Ict_2005_24Th_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics.pdf
", "abstract": "The structure of the thermoelectric Zn_4Sb_3 is refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data collected at\nwavelengths both near to and relatively far from the Zn\nadsorption edge. In agreement with earlier studies, the\ncompound crystallized in a trigonal structure, space group\nR3c with a = 12.2406(3)\u00c5, c = 12.4361(3)\u00c5 at room\ntemperature, and there are three primary sites in the\nasymmetric unit. Each site contains only one atomic species,\nin contrast to many previous studies. The primary Zn (36f)\nsite is slightly less than fully occupied, whereas the two Sb sites (18e and 12c) are fully occupied. In addition, several Zn interstitial sites (36f) with low occupancies (>5%) are also present. The results are in agreement with the model proposed by Snyder [1], as opposed to that originally proposed by Mayer [2] and more recently by Mozharivskyj [3]. The refined site occupancies yield an overall stoichiometry which is consistent with that measured experimentally. The presence of interstitial Zn can be understood in terms of charge balance requirements and is likely responsible for the exceptionally low thermal conductivity of this material.", "date": "2005-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "315-318", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110902-142431359", "isbn": "0-7803-9551-4", "book_title": "2005 24th International Conference on Thermoelectrics (ICT)", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110902-142431359", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-FG02-86ER45231" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-AC02-98CH10886" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "8734021", "name": "INSPEC Accession Number" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/ICT.2005.1519950", "primary_object": { "basename": "Snyder2005p9537Ict_2005_24Th_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7bw15-gzp40/files/Snyder2005p9537Ict_2005_24Th_International_Conference_On_Thermoelectrics.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2005", "author_list": "Snyder, G. J.; Stephens, P. W.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n17an-4jk31", "eprint_id": 99498, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 02:56:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 18:21:04", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ikeda-Teruyuki", "name": { "family": "Ikeda", "given": "Teruyuki" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7076-6958" }, { "id": "Azizgolshani-H", "name": { "family": "Azizgolshani", "given": "Hesham" } }, { "id": "Haile-S-M", "name": { "family": "Haile", "given": "Sossina M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5293-6252" }, { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Ravi-Vilupanur-A", "name": { "family": "Ravi", "given": "Vilupanur A." } } ] }, "title": "Solidification processing of Te-Sb-Pb alloys for thermoelectric applications", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "tellurium-antimony-lead; solidification; dendrite structure; secondary dendrite arm spacing; lamella structure", "note": "\u00a9 2005 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. \n\nPosted online: 2005-10-24. \n\nT.I. is supported by NSF through Caltech's Center for the Science and Engineering of Materials (CSEM). Portions of this work were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology; H.A. is supported by the JPLUS program at JPL/Caltech. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Chi Ma of Caltech for assistance with electron microscope image acquisition.\n\nPublished - PbSbTeSolidificationICT05.pdf
", "abstract": "A solidification processing approach to the refinement of lead-tellurium-antimony alloy microstructure is described. Liquid alloys with eutectic, hyper-eutectic and hypo-eutectic compositions (relative to lead) were cooled to the solid state in three distinct ways, i.e. by water quenching, air cooling and furnace cooling. The structures of the alloys resulting from the three different solidification paths were examined using electron microscopy and the micrographs were quantified. Classical solidification methods were used to interpret the structures in relation to the cooling histories.", "date": "2005", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "132-135", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191028-145344419", "isbn": "0780395522", "book_title": "ICT 2005. 24th International Conference on Thermoelectrics", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191028-145344419", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/ICT.2005.1519906", "primary_object": { "basename": "PbSbTeSolidificationICT05.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n17an-4jk31/files/PbSbTeSolidificationICT05.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2005", "author_list": "Ikeda, Teruyuki; Azizgolshani, Hesham; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/amth1-58z76", "eprint_id": 9088, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:23:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 21:54:27", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Snyder-G-J", "name": { "family": "Snyder", "given": "G. Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682" }, { "id": "Borshchevsky-A", "name": { "family": "Borshchevsky", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Zoltan-A", "name": { "family": "Zoltan", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Caillat-T", "name": { "family": "Caillat", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Fleurial-J-P", "name": { "family": "Fleurial", "given": "J.-P." } }, { "id": "Nesmith-B", "name": { "family": "Nesmith", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Mondt-J", "name": { "family": "Mondt", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "McBirney-T", "name": { "family": "McBirney", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Allen-D", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Bass-J-C", "name": { "family": "Bass", "given": "J. C." } }, { "id": "Ghamaty-S", "name": { "family": "Ghamaty", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Elsner-N", "name": { "family": "Elsner", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Anatychuk-L", "name": { "family": "Anatychuk", "given": "L." } } ] }, "title": "Testing of Milliwatt Power Source Components", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "life testing, radioisotope thermoelectric generators, space vehicle power plants, thermocouples, thermopiles", "note": "\u00a9 Copyright 2002 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. \n\n[Posted online: 2003-04-02] \n\nThe work described in this paper was carried out by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.", "abstract": "A milliwatt power source (MPS) has been developed to satisfy the requirements of several potential solar system exploration missions. The MPS is a small power source consisting of three major components: a space qualified heat source (RHU), a thermopile (thermoelectric converter or TEC) and a container to direct the RHU heat to the TEC. Thermopiles from Hi-Z Technology, Inc. of San Diego and the Institute of Thermoelectricity of Chernivtsi Ukraine suitable for the MPS were tested and shown to perform as expected, producing 40 mW of power with a temperature difference of about 170\u00b0C. Such thermopiles were successfully life tested for up to a year. A MPS container designed and built by Swales Aerospace was tested with both a TEC simulator and actual TEC. The Swales unit, tested under dynamic vacuum, provided less temperature difference than anticipated, such that the TEC produced 20 mW of power with heat input equivalent to a RHU.", "date": "2003-04-02", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "463-470", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:SNYict02", "isbn": "9780780376830", "book_title": "Proceedings ICT'02 : XXI International Conference on Thermoelectrics : August 25-29, 2002, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Long Beach, CA, USA", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SNYict02", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1109/ICT.2002.1190361", "primary_object": { "basename": "MilliwattPSICT02.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/amth1-58z76/files/MilliwattPSICT02.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "SNYict02.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/amth1-58z76/files/SNYict02.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Borshchevsky, A.; et el." } ]