[ { "id": "authors:h1ye3-4dq43", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "h1ye3-4dq43", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191017-113752553", "type": "book_section", "title": "ZChecker: Finding Cometary Outbursts with the Zwicky Transient Facility", "book_title": "Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXVIII", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kelley", "given_name": "Michael S. P.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6702-7676", "clpid": "Kelley-Michael-S-P" }, { "family_name": "Bodewits", "given_name": "Dennis", "orcid": "0000-0002-2668-7248", "clpid": "Bodewits-Dennis" }, { "family_name": "Ye", "given_name": "Quanzhi", "orcid": "0000-0002-4838-7676", "clpid": "Ye-Quanzhi" }, { "family_name": "Laher", "given_name": "Russ R.", "orcid": "0000-0003-2451-5482", "clpid": "Laher-Russ-R" }, { "family_name": "Masci", "given_name": "Frank J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8532-9395", "clpid": "Masci-Frank-J" }, { "family_name": "Monkewitz", "given_name": "Serge", "clpid": "Monkewitz-Serge-M" }, { "family_name": "Riddle", "given_name": "Reed", "orcid": "0000-0002-0387-370X", "clpid": "Riddle-Reed-L" }, { "family_name": "Rusholme", "given_name": "Ben", "orcid": "0000-0001-7648-4142", "clpid": "Rusholme-Benjamin" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Soumagnac", "given_name": "Maayane T.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6753-1488", "clpid": "Soumagnac-Maayane-T" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Teuben", "given_name": "Peter J.", "clpid": "Teuben-P-J" }, { "family_name": "Pound", "given_name": "M. W.", "clpid": "Pound-M-W" }, { "family_name": "Thomas", "given_name": "B. A.", "clpid": "Thomas-B-A" }, { "family_name": "Warner", "given_name": "E. M.", "clpid": "Warner-E-M" } ], "abstract": "ZChecker is new, automated software for finding, measuring, and visualizing known comets in the Zwicky Transient Facility time-domain survey. ZChecker uses on-line ephemeris generation and survey metadata to identify images of targets of interest in the archive. Photometry of each target is measured, and the images processed with temporal filtering to highlight morphological variations in time. Example outputs show outbursts of comets 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 and 64P/Swift-Gehrels, and an asymmetric coma at C/2017 M4 (ATLAS).", "isbn": "978-1-58381-933-3", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco, CA", "publication_date": "2018-11", "pages": "471-474" }, { "id": "authors:r5ga3-54w68", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "r5ga3-54w68", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190418-145841579", "type": "book_section", "title": "Processing Images from the Zwicky Transient Facility", "book_title": "Robotic Telescope, Student Research and Education Proceedings", "author": [ { "family_name": "Laher", "given_name": "Russ R.", "orcid": "0000-0003-2451-5482", "clpid": "Laher-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Masci", "given_name": "Frank J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8532-9395", "clpid": "Masci-F-J" }, { "family_name": "Groom", "given_name": "Steve", "orcid": "0000-0001-5668-3507", "clpid": "Groom-S-L" }, { "family_name": "Rusholme", "given_name": "Benjamin", "orcid": "0000-0001-7648-4142", "clpid": "Rusholme-B" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Jackson", "given_name": "Ed", "clpid": "Jackson-Edward" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Flynn", "given_name": "Dave", "clpid": "Flynn-David" }, { "family_name": "Landry", "given_name": "Walter", "clpid": "Landry-Walter" }, { "family_name": "Terek", "given_name": "Scott", "clpid": "Terek-Scott" }, { "family_name": "Helou", "given_name": "George", "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415", "clpid": "Helou-G" }, { "family_name": "Beck", "given_name": "Ron", "clpid": "Beck-Ron" }, { "family_name": "Hasscopians", "given_name": "Eugean", "clpid": "Hasscopians-Eugean" }, { "family_name": "Rebbapragada", "given_name": "Umaa", "orcid": "0000-0002-2560-3495", "clpid": "Rebbapragada-U-D" }, { "family_name": "Bue", "given_name": "Brian", "orcid": "0000-0002-7856-3570", "clpid": "Bue-B-D" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "Roger M.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7062-9726", "clpid": "Smith-R-M" }, { "family_name": "Dekany", "given_name": "Richard G.", "orcid": "0000-0002-5884-7867", "clpid": "Dekany-Richard" }, { "family_name": "Miller", "given_name": "Adam A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9515-478X", "clpid": "Miller-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Cenko", "given_name": "S. B.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1673-970X", "clpid": "Cenko-S-B" }, { "family_name": "Bellm", "given_name": "Eric", "orcid": "0000-0001-8018-5348", "clpid": "Bellm-E-C" }, { "family_name": "Patterson", "given_name": "Maria", "orcid": "0000-0002-4753-3387", "clpid": "Patterson-M-T" }, { "family_name": "Kupfer", "given_name": "Thomas", "orcid": "0000-0002-6540-1484", "clpid": "Kupfer-T" }, { "family_name": "Yan", "given_name": "Lin", "orcid": "0000-0003-1710-9339", "clpid": "Yan-Lin" }, { "family_name": "Barlow", "given_name": "Tom", "clpid": "Barlow-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "Matthew", "orcid": "0000-0002-3168-0139", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Kasliwal", "given_name": "Mansi M.", "orcid": "0000-0002-5619-4938", "clpid": "Kasliwal-M-M" }, { "family_name": "Prince", "given_name": "Thomas A.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8850-3627", "clpid": "Prince-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Kulkarni", "given_name": "Shrinivas R.", "orcid": "0000-0001-5390-8563", "clpid": "Kulkarni-S-R" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Fitzgerald", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Fitzgerald-M-P" }, { "family_name": "James", "given_name": "C. R.", "clpid": "James-C-R" }, { "family_name": "Buxner", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Buxner-S" }, { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "White-S" } ], "abstract": "The Zwicky Transient Facility is a new robotic-observing program, in which a newly engineered 600-MP digital camera with a pioneeringly large field of view, 47 square degrees, will be installed into the 48-inch Samuel Oschin Telescope at the Palomar Observatory. The camera will generate ~1 petabyte of raw image data over three years of operations. In parallel related work, new hardware and software systems are being developed to process these data in real time and build a long-term archive for the processed products. The first public release of archived products is planned for early 2019, which will include processed images and\nastronomical-source catalogs of the northern sky in the g and r bands. Source catalogs based on two different methods will be generated for the archive: aperture photometry and\npoint-spread-function fitting.", "doi": "10.32374/rtsre.2017.031", "isbn": "9780648399605", "publication_date": "2018-10-19", "pages": "329-336" }, { "id": "authors:jtj3p-mby18", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jtj3p-mby18", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083716639", "type": "book_section", "title": "Correcting distortions in the infrared array camera during the cryogenic mission of the Spitzer Space Telescope", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "author": [ { "family_name": "Grillmair", "given_name": "Carl J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4072-169X", "clpid": "Grillmair-C-J" }, { "family_name": "Lowrance", "given_name": "Patrick J.", "orcid": "0000-0001-8014-0270", "clpid": "Lowrance-P-J" }, { "family_name": "Carey", "given_name": "Sean J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0221-6871", "clpid": "Carey-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Stauffer", "given_name": "John R.", "orcid": "0000-0003-3595-7382", "clpid": "Stauffer-J-R" }, { "family_name": "Ingalls", "given_name": "James G.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4714-1364", "clpid": "Ingalls-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Krick", "given_name": "Jessica E.", "clpid": "Krick-J-E" }, { "family_name": "Glaccum", "given_name": "William J.", "clpid": "Glaccum-W-J" }, { "family_name": "Laine", "given_name": "Seppo", "orcid": "0000-0003-1250-8314", "clpid": "Laine-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Paladini", "given_name": "Roberta", "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X", "clpid": "Paladini-Roberta" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Van Dyk", "given_name": "Schuyler D.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9038-9950", "clpid": "Van-Dyk-S-D" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Lystrup", "given_name": "Makenzie", "clpid": "Lystrup-M" }, { "family_name": "MacEwen", "given_name": "Howard A.", "clpid": "MacEwen-H-A" }, { "family_name": "Fazio", "given_name": "Giovanni G.", "clpid": "Fazio-G-G" }, { "family_name": "Batalha", "given_name": "Natalie", "clpid": "Batalha-N-M" }, { "family_name": "Siegler", "given_name": "Nicholas", "clpid": "Siegler-N" }, { "family_name": "Tong", "given_name": "Edward C.", "clpid": "Tong-Edward-C" } ], "abstract": "We describe our ongoing efforts to model the field distortions of the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) during the cryogenic portion of the Spitzer Space Telescope's operations. We have compared over two million measured source positions in ~35,000 IRAC images with their positions in Gaia Data Release 1. Fitting 3rd and 5th order polynomials to the measured offsets, we find systematic uncertainties in IRAC-measured positions that are in the 50-60 milliarcsecond range for the 3.6 micron array, and 120-150 milliarcsecond range for the 4.5 micron array. A 5th-order fit does not appear to significantly improve the results over a 3rd order fit. However, this may be due at least partly to the failure of our current centroiding technique to account for variations in the Point Response Functions across each detector. We anticipate making several improvements in our continuing analysis, including (i) the refitting of the positions and position angles of each IRAC image using the Gaia catalog, (ii) making use of a less position-sensitive centroiding algorithm, (iii) correcting where possible for the proper motions of detected sources, and (iv) significantly increasing the number of source position measurements. Once finalized, the resulting distortion corrections will be incorporated into the headers of the archived images.", "doi": "10.1117/12.2313706", "isbn": "9781510619494", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2018-07-06", "pages": "Art. No. 106985D" }, { "id": "authors:hk7yx-5k995", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "hk7yx-5k995", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170111-081439309", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Herschel Point Source Catalogue", "book_title": "From Interstellar Clouds to Star-Forming Galaxies: Universal Processes?", "author": [ { "family_name": "Marton", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Marton-G" }, { "family_name": "Schulz", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Schulz-B" }, { "family_name": "Altieri", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Altieri-B" }, { "family_name": "Calzoletti", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Calzoletti-L" }, { "family_name": "Kiss", "given_name": "Cs.", "clpid": "Kiss-Cs" }, { "family_name": "Lim", "given_name": "T.", "clpid": "Lim-Tanya-L" }, { "family_name": "Lu", "given_name": "N.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8948-1044", "clpid": "Lu-Nanyao" }, { "family_name": "Paladini", "given_name": "R.", "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X", "clpid": "Paladini-Roberta" }, { "family_name": "Papageorgiou", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0002-3039-9257", "clpid": "Papageorgiou-A" }, { "family_name": "Pearson", "given_name": "C.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6139-649X", "clpid": "Pearson-C-P" }, { "family_name": "Rector", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Rector-J" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Valtchanov", "given_name": "I.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9930-7886", "clpid": "Valtchanov-I" }, { "family_name": "Vereb\u00e9lyi", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Vereb\u00e9lyi-E" }, { "family_name": "Xu", "given_name": "K.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1588-6700", "clpid": "Xu-C-Kevin" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Jablonka", "given_name": "Pascale", "clpid": "Jablonka-P" }, { "family_name": "Andr\u00e9", "given_name": "Philippe", "clpid": "Andr\u00e9-P" }, { "family_name": "van der Tak", "given_name": "Floris", "clpid": "van-der-Tak-F-F-S" } ], "abstract": "The Herschel Space Observatory was the fourth cornerstone mission in the European Space Agency (ESA) science programme with excellent broad band imaging capabilities in the sub-mm and far-infrared part of the spectrum. Although the spacecraft finished its observations in 2013, it left a large legacy dataset that is far from having been fully scrutinised and still has a large potential for new scientific discoveries. This is specifically true for the photometric observations of the PACS and SPIRE instruments. Some source catalogues have already been produced by individual observing programs, but there are many observations that risk to remain unexplored. To maximise the science return of the SPIRE and PACS data sets, we are in the process of building the Herschel Point Source Catalogue (HPSC) from all primary and parallel mode observations. Our homogeneous source extraction enables a systematic and unbiased comparison of sensitivity across the different Herschel fields that single programs will generally not be able to provide. The catalogue will be made available online through archives like the Herschel Science Archive (HSA), the Infrared Science Archive (IRSA), and the Strasbourg Astronomical Data Center (CDS).", "doi": "10.1017/S1743921316008152", "isbn": "978-1-107-13520-8", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "place_of_publication": "Cambridge", "publication_date": "2016-09-12", "pages": "1-2" }, { "id": "authors:4eb2a-e7q91", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4eb2a-e7q91", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180713-114823898", "type": "book_section", "title": "Enhancement of the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) distortion correction for parallax measurements", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lowrance", "given_name": "Patrick J.", "orcid": "0000-0001-8014-0270", "clpid": "Lowrance-P-J" }, { "family_name": "Carey", "given_name": "Sean J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0221-6871", "clpid": "Carey-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Ingalls", "given_name": "James G.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4714-1364", "clpid": "Ingalls-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Capak", "given_name": "Peter", "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843", "clpid": "Capak-P" }, { "family_name": "Stauffer", "given_name": "John", "orcid": "0000-0003-3595-7382", "clpid": "Stauffer-J-R" }, { "family_name": "Beichman", "given_name": "Chas", "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471", "clpid": "Beichman-C-A" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Kirkpatrick", "given_name": "J. Davy", "orcid": "0000-0003-4269-260X", "clpid": "Kirkpatrick-J-D" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Oschmann", "given_name": "Jacobus M.", "clpid": "Oschmann-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Clampin", "given_name": "Mark", "clpid": "Clampin-M-C" }, { "family_name": "Fazio", "given_name": "Giovanni G.", "clpid": "Fazio-G-G" }, { "family_name": "MacEwen", "given_name": "Howard A.", "clpid": "MacEwen-H-A" } ], "abstract": "The Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Array (IRAC) offers a rare opportunity to measure distances and determine physical properties of the faintest and coldest brown dwarfs. The current distortion correction is a 3rd order polynomial represented by TAN-SIP parameters within the headers. The current correction, good to 100 mas, was derived from deep imaging, using marginally resolved galaxies in some cases, and has remained stable throughout both the cryogenic and warm mission. Using recent Spitzer calibration observations mapped to HST/ACS calibration observations of 47 Tuc with an absolute accuracy good to 1 mas, we are working towards a possible 5th order polynomial correction that theoretically could allow measurements to within 20 mas. Extensive testing, using observations of 47 Tuc, NGC 6791 and NGC 2264, are underway, after which the new parameters will be used to update all the 3.6 and 4.5um data taken within warm and cryogenic missions. We anticipate if achievable, this new accuracy could be combined with other ongoing enhancements (Ingalls et al, 9143-52) that will permit measurements of parallaxes out to about 50 pc, increasing the volume surveyed by a factor of 100, and enabling new capabilities such as luminosity measurements of the population of young brown dwarfs in the beta Pictoris moving group.", "doi": "10.1117/12.2057195", "isbn": "9780819496119", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2014-08-28", "pages": "Art. No. 914358" }, { "id": "authors:88vt0-0p159", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "88vt0-0p159", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150619-102503782", "type": "book_section", "title": "Enhancement of the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera Distortion Correction for Parallax Measurements", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lowrance", "given_name": "Patrick J.", "orcid": "0000-0001-8014-0270", "clpid": "Lowrance-Patrick-J" }, { "family_name": "Carey", "given_name": "Sean J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0221-6871", "clpid": "Carey-Sean-J" }, { "family_name": "Ingalls", "given_name": "James G.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4714-1364", "clpid": "Ingalls-James-G" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-Jason-A" }, { "family_name": "Capak", "given_name": "Peter", "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843", "clpid": "Capak-Peter" }, { "family_name": "Stauffer", "given_name": "John", "orcid": "0000-0003-3595-7382", "clpid": "Stauffer-John-R" }, { "family_name": "Beichman", "given_name": "Chas", "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471", "clpid": "Beichman-Charles-A" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Kirkpatrick", "given_name": "J. Davy", "orcid": "0000-0003-4269-260X", "clpid": "Kirkpatrick-J-Davy" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Oschmann", "given_name": "Jacobus M.", "clpid": "Oschmann-Jacobus-M" }, { "family_name": "Clampin", "given_name": "Mark", "clpid": "Clampin-Mark-C" }, { "family_name": "Fazio", "given_name": "Giovanni G.", "clpid": "Fazio-Giovanni-G" }, { "family_name": "MacEwen", "given_name": "Howard A.", "clpid": "MacEwen-Howard-A" } ], "abstract": "The Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Array (IRAC) offers a rare opportunity to measure distances and determine physical properties of the faintest and coldest brown dwarfs. The current distortion correction is a 3rd order polynomial represented by TAN-SIP parameters within the headers. The current correction, good to 100 mas, was derived from deep imaging, using marginally resolved galaxies in some cases, and has remained stable throughout both the cryogenic and warm mission. Using recent Spitzer calibration observations mapped to HST/ACS calibration observations of 47 Tuc with an absolute accuracy good to 1 mas, we are working towards a possible 5th order polynomial correction that theoretically could allow measurements to within 20 mas. Extensive testing, using observations of 47 Tuc, NGC 6791 and NGC 2264, are underway, after which the new parameters will be used to update all the 3.6 and 4.5um data taken within warm and cryogenic missions. We anticipate if achievable, this new accuracy could be combined with other ongoing enhancements (Ingalls et al, 9143-52) that will permit measurements of parallaxes out to about 50 pc, increasing the volume surveyed by a factor of 100, and enabling new capabilities such as luminosity measurements of the population of young brown dwarfs in the beta Pictoris moving group.", "doi": "10.1117/12.2057195", "isbn": "978-0-8194-9611-9", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2014-08-02", "pages": "Art. No. 914358" }, { "id": "authors:qsbfc-5hq98", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qsbfc-5hq98", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130206-153455094", "type": "book_section", "title": "More Flexibility in Representing Geometric Distortion in Astronomical Images", "book_title": "Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy II", "author": [ { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Laher", "given_name": "Russ R.", "orcid": "0000-0003-2451-5482", "clpid": "Laher-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Storrie-Lombardi", "given_name": "Lisa", "orcid": "0000-0002-5987-5210", "clpid": "Storrie-Lombardi-L-J" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Grillmair", "given_name": "Carl J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4072-169X", "clpid": "Grillmair-C-J" }, { "family_name": "Levitan", "given_name": "David", "clpid": "Levitan-D-B" }, { "family_name": "Sesar", "given_name": "Branimir", "orcid": "0000-0002-0834-3978", "clpid": "Sesar-B" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Radziwill", "given_name": "Nicole M.", "clpid": "Radziwill-N-M" }, { "family_name": "Chiozzi", "given_name": "Gianluca", "clpid": "Chiozzi-G" } ], "abstract": "A number of popular software tools in the public domain are used by astronomers, professional and amateur alike, but some of the tools that have similar purposes cannot be easily interchanged, owing to the lack of a common standard. For the case of image distortion, SCAMP and SExtractor, available from Astromatic.net, perform astrometric calibration and source-object extraction on image data, and image-data geometric distortion is computed in celestial coordinates with polynomial coefficients stored in the FITS header with the PV i_j keywords. Another widely-used astrometric-calibration service, Astrometry.net, solves for distortion in pixel coordinates using the SIP convention that was introduced by the Spitzer Science Center. Up until now, due to the complexity of these distortion representations, it was very difficult to use the output of one of these packages as input to the other. New Python software, along with faster-computing C-language translations, have been developed at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) to convert FITS-image headers from PV to SIP and vice versa. It is now possible to straightforwardly use Astrometry.net for astrometric calibration and then SExtractor for source-object extraction. The new software also enables astrometric calibration by SCAMP followed by image visualization with tools that support SIP distortion, but not PV . The software has been incorporated into the image-processing pipelines of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), which generate FITS images with headers containing both distortion representations. The software permits the conversion of archived images, such as from the Spitzer Heritage Archive and NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, from SIP to PV or vice versa. This new capability renders unnecessary any new representation, such as the proposed TPV distortion convention.", "doi": "10.1117/12.925460", "isbn": "978-0-8194-9152-7", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2012-09-24", "pages": "Art. No. 84511M" }, { "id": "authors:vhfd4-rwk20", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "vhfd4-rwk20", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161031-112536408", "type": "book_section", "title": "Status of the SPIRE photometer data processing pipelines during the early phases of the Herschel Mission", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "author": [ { "family_name": "Dowell", "given_name": "C. Darren", "clpid": "Dowell-C-D" }, { "family_name": "Levenson", "given_name": "Louis", "clpid": "Levenson-L" }, { "family_name": "Lu", "given_name": "Nanyao", "orcid": "0000-0002-8948-1044", "clpid": "Lu-Nanyao" }, { "family_name": "Schulz", "given_name": "Bernhard", "clpid": "Schulz-B" }, { "family_name": "Schwartz", "given_name": "Arnold", "clpid": "Schwartz-A" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Xu", "given_name": "C. Kevin", "orcid": "0000-0002-1588-6700", "clpid": "Xu-C-Kevin" }, { "family_name": "Zhang", "given_name": "Lijun", "clpid": "Zhang-Lijun" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Oschmann", "given_name": "Jacobus M.", "clpid": "Oschmann-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Clampin", "given_name": "Mark C.", "clpid": "Clampin-M-C" }, { "family_name": "MacEwen", "given_name": "Howard A.", "clpid": "MacEwen-H-A" } ], "abstract": "We describe the current state of the ground segment of Herschel-SPIRE photometer data processing, approximately one year into the mission. The SPIRE photometer operates in two modes: scan mapping and chopped point source photometry. For each mode, the basic analysis pipeline - which follows in reverse the effects from the incidence of light on the telescope to the storage of samples from the detector electronics - is essentially the same as described pre-launch. However, the calibration parameters and detailed numerical algorithms have advanced due to the availability of commissioning and early science observations, resulting in reliable pipelines which produce accurate and sensitive photometry and maps at 250, 350, and 500 \u03bcm with minimal residual artifacts. We discuss some detailed aspects of the pipelines on the topics of: detection of cosmic ray glitches, linearization of detector response, correction for focal plane temperature drift, subtraction of detector baselines (offsets), absolute calibration, and basic map making. Several of these topics are still under study with the promise of future enhancements to the pipelines.", "doi": "10.1117/12.858035", "isbn": "978-0-81948-221-1", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2010-08-10", "pages": "Art. No. 773136" }, { "id": "authors:2jb4k-3w011", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2jb4k-3w011", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100722-084750681", "type": "book_section", "title": "Galaxy Clustering in Far-Infrared SWIRE Fields", "book_title": "The second annual Spitzer Science Center conference : infrared diagnostics of galaxy evolution", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fang", "given_name": "Fan", "clpid": "Fang-Fan" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Laher", "given_name": "Russ", "orcid": "0000-0003-2451-5482", "clpid": "Laher-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Masci", "given_name": "Frank J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8532-9395", "clpid": "Masci-F-J" }, { "family_name": "Afonso-Luis", "given_name": "Alejandro", "clpid": "Afonso-Luis-A" }, { "family_name": "Frayer", "given_name": "David", "orcid": "0000-0003-1924-1122", "clpid": "Frayer-D-T" }, { "family_name": "Oliver", "given_name": "Seb", "orcid": "0000-0001-7862-1032", "clpid": "Oliver-Sebastian-J" }, { "family_name": "Waddington", "given_name": "Ian", "clpid": "Waddington-I" }, { "family_name": "Gonzalez-Solares", "given_name": "Eduardo", "clpid": "Gonzalez-Solares-E" }, { "family_name": "Vaccari", "given_name": "Mattia", "orcid": "0000-0002-6748-0577", "clpid": "Vaccari-Mattia" }, { "family_name": "Salaman", "given_name": "Malcolm", "clpid": "Salaman-M" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Lonsdale", "given_name": "Carol", "orcid": "0000-0003-0898-406X", "clpid": "Lonsdale-Carol-J" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Chary", "given_name": "Ranga-Ram", "clpid": "Chary-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Teplitz", "given_name": "Harry I.", "clpid": "Teplitz-H-I" }, { "family_name": "Sheth", "given_name": "Kartik", "clpid": "Sheth-K" } ], "abstract": "We present measurements of galaxy clustering detected in the six\nSWIRE fields in all MIPS channels at 24, 70, and 160 microns. The measurements\ninclude the low-order 2-point angular correlation functions, and high-order\nprobes including probability distribution functions and R\u00e9nyi information.", "isbn": "978-1-58381-325-6", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco, CA", "publication_date": "2008", "pages": "225-229" }, { "id": "authors:3s067-2mh62", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "3s067-2mh62", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100802-104613039", "type": "book_section", "title": "MIPS Class Coaddition of SWIRE High-Redshift Galaxies", "book_title": "The 2nd Spitzer Conference: Infrared Diagnostics of Galaxy Evolution", "author": [ { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Lonsdale", "given_name": "Carol J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-0898-406X", "clpid": "Lonsdale-C-J" }, { "family_name": "Polletta", "given_name": "Mari", "orcid": "0000-0001-7411-5386", "clpid": "Polletta-Maria-del-Carmen" }, { "family_name": "Lagache", "given_name": "Guilaine", "orcid": "0000-0003-1492-2519", "clpid": "Lagache-Guilaine" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Chary", "given_name": "Ranga-Ram", "clpid": "Chary-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Teplitz", "given_name": "Harry I.", "clpid": "Teplitz-H-I" }, { "family_name": "Sheth", "given_name": "Kartik", "clpid": "Sheth-K" } ], "abstract": "The SWIRE survey encompasses the largest volume of the Spitzer extragalactic surveys, providing the best sensitivity for the detection of significant numbers of rare objects, including the most massive ULIRGs, and obscured AGN. These objects are detected and classified using Spitzer IRAC and MIPS-24 data, but are too faint to be detected individually in the 70 \u03bcm and 160 \u03bcm bands. We have applied a class coaddition technique to investigate far-infrared spectral energy distributions of these sources by redshift and spectral shape. The variation of far-IR-to-mid-IR colors of the ULIRGs with redshift generally tracks the predictions of template galaxies, and favors the lower-luminosity templates.", "isbn": "978-1-58381-325-6", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "publication_date": "2008", "pages": "235-238" }, { "id": "authors:adb4f-pqv09", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "adb4f-pqv09", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100813-095836341", "type": "book_section", "title": "Distant ULIRGs in the SWIRE Survey", "book_title": "The second annual Spitzer Science Center conference : infrared diagnostics of galaxy evolution", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lonsdale", "given_name": "Carol J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-0898-406X", "clpid": "Lonsdale-Carol-J" }, { "family_name": "Polletta", "given_name": "M.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7411-5386", "clpid": "Polletta-Maria-del-Carmen" }, { "family_name": "Farrah", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1748-2010", "clpid": "Farrah-Duncan" }, { "family_name": "Siana", "given_name": "B.", "orcid": "0000-0002-4935-9511", "clpid": "Siana-Brian-D" }, { "family_name": "Gonzalez-Solares", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Gonzalez-Solares-E" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "H. E.", "clpid": "Smith-H-E" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "J.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Fang", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Fang-Fan" }, { "family_name": "Afonso-Luis", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Afonso-Luis-A" }, { "family_name": "Berta", "given_name": "S.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0320-1532", "clpid": "Berta-S" }, { "family_name": "Rowan-Robinson", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Rowan-Robinson-M" } ], "abstract": "Covering ~49 square degrees in 6 separate fields, the Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic (SWIRE) Legacy survey has the largest area among Spitzer's \"wedding cake\" suite of extragalactic surveys. SWIRE is thus optimized for studies of large scale structure, population studies requiring excellent statistics, and searches for rare objects. We discuss the search for high redshift ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with SWIRE. We have selected complete samples of F_(24\u03bcm) > 200 \u03bcJy, optically faint, candidate high redshift (z>1) ULIRGs, based on their mid-infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs). These can be broadly categorized as star formation (SF)-dominated, based on the presence of a clear stellar peak at rest frame 1.6\u03bcm redshifted into the IRAC bands, or AGN-dominated if the SED rises featureless into the mid-infrared. AGN-dominated galaxies strongly dominate at the brightest 24\u03bcm fluxes, while SF-dominated objects rise rapidly in frequency as F_(24) drops, dominating the sample below 0.5 mJy. We derive photometric redshifts and luminosities for SFdominated objects sampling the z~1.2-3 range. Luminosity functions are being derived and compared with submm-selected samples at similar redshifts. The clustering, millimeter and IR spectral properties of the samples have also been investigated.", "isbn": "978-1-58381-325-6", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco", "publication_date": "2008", "pages": "461-467" }, { "id": "authors:qr4xm-mq890", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qr4xm-mq890", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100726-103821078", "type": "book_section", "title": "The z ~ 3 QSO Luminosity Function with SWIRE", "book_title": "The Second Annual Spitzer Science Center Conference: Infrared Diagnostics of Galaxy Evolution", "author": [ { "family_name": "Siana", "given_name": "B.", "orcid": "0000-0002-4935-9511", "clpid": "Siana-Brian-D" }, { "family_name": "Polletta", "given_name": "M.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7411-5386", "clpid": "Polletta-Maria-del-Carmen" }, { "family_name": "Smith", "given_name": "H. E.", "clpid": "Smith-H-E" }, { "family_name": "Lonsdale", "given_name": "C. J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-0898-406X", "clpid": "Lonsdale-Carol-J" }, { "family_name": "Gonzalez-Solares", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Gonzalez-Solares-E" }, { "family_name": "Farrah", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-1748-2010", "clpid": "Farrah-Duncan" }, { "family_name": "Babbedge", "given_name": "T. S. R.", "clpid": "Babbedge-T-S-R" }, { "family_name": "Rowan-Robinson", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Rowan-Robinson-M" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "J.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Fang", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Fang-Fan" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Chary", "given_name": "Ranga-Ram", "clpid": "Chary-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Teplitz", "given_name": "Harry I.", "clpid": "Teplitz-H-I" }, { "family_name": "Sheth", "given_name": "Kartik", "clpid": "Sheth-K" } ], "abstract": "We use a simple optical/infrared photometric selection of high redshift QSOs which identifies a Lyman Break in the optical and requires a red IRAC color to distinguish QSOs from common interlopers. We find 100 U-dropout (z ~ 3) QSO candidates with r\u2032 < 22 within 11.2 deg^2 in the ELAIS-N1 & ELAIS-N2 fields in the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) Legacy Survey. Spectroscopy of 10 candidates shows that they are all QSOs with 2.83 < z < 3.44. We use detailed simulations which incorporate variations in QSO SEDs, IGM transmission and imaging depth to derive a completeness of 85- 90% between 3.0 < z < 3.4. The resulting luminosity function is two magnitudes fainter than SDSS and, when combined with those data, gives a faint end slope \u03b2 = 1.62\u00b10.18, consistent with measurements at z < 2 and steeper than initial measurements at the same redshift.", "isbn": "978-1-58381-325-6", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco, CA", "publication_date": "2008", "pages": "454-457" }, { "id": "authors:k7d49-cz745", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "k7d49-cz745", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101105-110119046", "type": "book_section", "title": "Band Merging of Spitzer Detections in the SWIRE Fields", "book_title": "Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XVI", "author": [ { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Alexov", "given_name": "Anastasia", "clpid": "Alexov-A" }, { "family_name": "Evans", "given_name": "Tracey", "clpid": "Evans-T" }, { "family_name": "Fang", "given_name": "Fan", "clpid": "Fang-Fan" }, { "family_name": "Fowler", "given_name": "John W.", "clpid": "Fowler-J-W" }, { "family_name": "Lonsdale", "given_name": "Carol J.", "orcid": "0000-0003-0898-406X", "clpid": "Lonsdale-C-J" }, { "family_name": "Surace", "given_name": "Jason A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7291-0087", "clpid": "Surace-J-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Shaw", "given_name": "Richard A.", "clpid": "Shaw-R-A" }, { "family_name": "Hill", "given_name": "Frank", "clpid": "Hill-F" }, { "family_name": "Bell", "given_name": "David J.", "clpid": "Bell-D-J" } ], "abstract": "The Spitzer Wide-area Infra-Red Extragalactic (SWIRE) Survey has imaged 49 deg^2 of high-Galactic-latitude sky in seven infrared bands spanning wavelengths from 3.6 \u03bcm to 160 \u03bcm, with beam sizes ranging from about 2\u2033 to 40\u2033. Lists of extracted sources from the individual bands are merged using the Spitzer band merging software. Positions and their uncertainties are used to identify possible band-to-band matches, then decision theory is applied to choose a best match. We present our assessment of band merging reliability based on analysis of the random match rate, and we discuss our application of constraints of multi-band detections and proximity to produce reliable catalogs. We examine the crucial role played by positional uncertainties for extractions made with SExtractor and with Spitzer's Astronomical Point-source EXtraction (APEX) software.", "isbn": "978-1-58381-313-3", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco", "publication_date": "2007", "pages": "457-460" }, { "id": "authors:fqnyw-qdw79", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "fqnyw-qdw79", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110811-134701768", "type": "book_section", "title": "The SIP Convention for Representing Distortion in FITS Image Headers", "book_title": "Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XIV", "author": [ { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "David L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Moshir", "given_name": "Mehrdad", "clpid": "Moshir-M" }, { "family_name": "Li", "given_name": "Jing", "clpid": "Li-Jing" }, { "family_name": "Makovoz", "given_name": "David", "clpid": "Makovoz-D" }, { "family_name": "Narron", "given_name": "Robert", "clpid": "Narron-R" }, { "family_name": "Hook", "given_name": "Richard N.", "clpid": "Hook-R-N" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Shopbell", "given_name": "Patrick L.", "clpid": "Shopbell-P-L" }, { "family_name": "Britton", "given_name": "Matthew C.", "clpid": "Britton-M-C" }, { "family_name": "Ebert", "given_name": "Rick", "clpid": "Ebert-R" } ], "abstract": "The SIP (Simple Imaging Polynomial) convention provides a convenient means for representing non-linear geometric distortion as polynomials in FITS header keywords. This scheme has been incorporated by the Spitzer Science Center (SSC) into its imaging products, and it is under consideration for wider use. The SIP keywords are read and applied by the SSC's MOPEX mosaicking software, and by several standard analysis tools, including WCSTools, SAOImage, DS9, GAIA/Starlink AST, IDL ASTROLIB, and Drizzle. We provide definitions of how these keywords are used together with standard FITS World Coordinate System (WCS) keywords to relate pixel coordinates to the sky. Some examples illustrate the application of this scheme to actual distorted data.", "isbn": "1-58381-215-6", "publisher": "Astronomical Society of the Pacific", "place_of_publication": "San Francisco, CA", "publication_date": "2005", "pages": "491-495" }, { "id": "authors:47ppd-zy221", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "47ppd-zy221", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190530-103644055", "type": "book_section", "title": "Near-IR Imaging of Elliptical Galaxies", "book_title": "Stellar Populations", "author": [ { "family_name": "Pahre", "given_name": "M. A.", "clpid": "Pahre-M-A" }, { "family_name": "Djorgovski", "given_name": "S.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0603-3087", "clpid": "Djorgovski-S-G" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "de Carvalho", "given_name": "R.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1283-3363", "clpid": "de-Carvalho-R-R" }, { "family_name": "Mould", "given_name": "J. R.", "orcid": "0000-0003-3820-1740", "clpid": "Mould-J-R" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "van der Kruit", "given_name": "P. C.", "clpid": "van-der-Kruit-P-C" }, { "family_name": "Gilmore", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Gilmore-C" } ], "abstract": "We have imaged more than thirty early-type galaxies in the K-band to investigate their stellar populations. Our surface brightness fluctuations (SBF) measurements for the nearest 14 galaxies produce a mean fluctuations magnitude in the K-band of M_K = \u22125.8 \u00b1 0.2 mag. The scatter in the Virgo cluster is small at 0.18 mag, which implies that infrared SBF is potentially a good distance indicator (Pahre & Mould 1994). Inspection of the simple stellar population tracks of Worthey (1994) suggests that a plot of the fluctuation color (\u012a\u2014 K) against broadband color (V \u2014 I) might be useful in discriminating between age and metallicity effects in elliptical galaxies. We have measured (r \u2014 K) color gradients for the entire sample utilizing three methods, two of them independent of sky-subtraction errors, as found in Sparks & J\u00f8rgensen (1993). Our color gradients are consistent with a mean metallicity gradient of 0.14 mag dex^(-1), which is somewhat smaller than that implied by optical color and line gradients alone, suggesting that age gradients may also be important. Finally, we have constructed an infrared Fundamental Plane (FP) which is consistent with its optical counterpart; continued work will determine if there is a significant change in the tilt of the FP between the optical and infrared.", "doi": "10.1007/978-94-011-0125-7_112", "isbn": "9780792335382", "publisher": "Springer", "place_of_publication": "Dordrecht", "publication_date": "1995", "pages": "443-443" }, { "id": "authors:s7x45-z7y56", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "s7x45-z7y56", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190529-162854680", "type": "book_section", "title": "JHK and 3.3 \u00b5m PAH Imaging of the Starburst Ring in the Type 1 Seyfert Galaxy NGC 7469", "book_title": "Infrared Astronomy with Arrays: the Next Generation", "author": [ { "family_name": "Mazzarella", "given_name": "J. M.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8204-8619", "clpid": "Mazzarella-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Voit", "given_name": "G. M.", "clpid": "Voit-G-M" }, { "family_name": "Soifer", "given_name": "B. T.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8112-1132", "clpid": "Soifer-B-T" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy" }, { "family_name": "Armus", "given_name": "L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973", "clpid": "Armus-L" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D. L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "J. R.", "clpid": "Graham-J-R" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "McLean", "given_name": "Ian S.", "clpid": "McLean-I-S" } ], "abstract": "Imaging of NGC 7469 in the J, H, & K bands shows that the starburst 'ring' is a tight inner spiral with arms that extend 4\u2033 NW and SE from the nucleus, as well as distinct infrared hotspots associated with the radio continuum sources. Imaging in the 3.28 \u00b5m dust emission feature shows extended PAH emission that is roughly aligned with published 12.5 \u00b5m continuum emission (PA~75\u00b0), consistent with small dust grains heated by vigorous star formation in the inner spiral.", "doi": "10.1007/978-94-011-1070-9_156", "isbn": "9789401044660", "publisher": "Springer", "place_of_publication": "Dordrecht", "publication_date": "1994", "pages": "519-520" }, { "id": "authors:yapkq-2ef96", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "yapkq-2ef96", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170227-155641415", "type": "book_section", "title": "Near- and Mid-IR Imaging of the Nuclear Starburst in NGC 3079", "book_title": "Infrared Astronomy with Arrays: The Next Generation", "author": [ { "family_name": "Armus", "given_name": "L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973", "clpid": "Armus-L" }, { "family_name": "Shupe", "given_name": "D. L.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4401-0430", "clpid": "Shupe-David-L" }, { "family_name": "Matthews", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Matthews-K" }, { "family_name": "Neugebauer", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Neugebauer-G" }, { "family_name": "Soifer", "given_name": "B. T.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8112-1132", "clpid": "Soifer-B-T" }, { "family_name": "Hayward", "given_name": "T. L.", "clpid": "Hayward-T-L" }, { "family_name": "Miles", "given_name": "J. W.", "clpid": "Miles-J-W" }, { "family_name": "Houck", "given_name": "J. R.", "clpid": "Houck-J-R" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "McLean", "given_name": "Ian S.", "clpid": "McLean-I-S" } ], "abstract": "The nearly edge-on Sc galaxy NGC 3079 displays strong nuclear optical emission lines of Ha, H\u03b2, [NII], [SII], [OI] and [OIII], and has been classified as a LINER based on the widths and relative fluxes of these lines. Observations at a variety of wavelengths have provided evidence for both a weak AGN and a starburst in and around the nucleus. Strong far-infrared emission (Soifer et al. 1987), extended mid-infrared emission (Lawrence et al. 1985), and the presence of a very large mass of molecular gas, nearly 10^(10) M\u2299 (Irwin and Sofue 1992), lying within the central kpc, all argue for a central starburst. The high luminosity and small physical size of the nuclear H_2O megamaser (Henkel et al. 1984, Haschick et al. 1990), together with the multi-component 6 cm source within the central 1 pc (Irwin and Seaquist 1988) may imply the presence of an active nucleus.", "doi": "10.1007/978-94-011-1070-9_148", "isbn": "978-94-010-4466-0", "publisher": "Springer", "place_of_publication": "Dordrecht", "publication_date": "1994", "pages": "501-502" } ]