[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3r7k7-y3x36", "eprint_id": 106697, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-15 06:56:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 21:32:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. Kent" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899" }, { "id": "Steeves-J-B", "name": { "family": "Steeves", "given": "John" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2949-9314" }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo Mejia" } }, { "id": "Seo-Byoung-Joon", "name": { "family": "Seo", "given": "Byoung-Joon" } }, { "id": "Bendek-E-A", "name": { "family": "Bendek", "given": "Eduardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9408-8925" }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Chen-Pin", "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Pin" } }, { "id": "Crill-B-P", "name": { "family": "Crill", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518" }, { "id": "Jewell-Jeffrey-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeff" } }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian" } }, { "id": "Marx-D-S", "name": { "family": "Marx", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Poon-Phillip-K", "name": { "family": "Poon", "given": "Phillip K." } }, { "id": "Redding-D-C", "name": { "family": "Redding", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Zimmer-R-J", "name": { "family": "Zimmer", "given": "Robert" } } ] }, "title": "Wavefront sensing and control in space-based coronagraph instruments using Zernike's phase-contrast method", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "wavefront sensing; coronagraph; high contrast imaging; exoplanets", "note": "\u00a9 2020 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nPaper 20098 received Jul. 9, 2020; accepted for publication Oct. 19, 2020; published online Nov. 9, 2020. \n\nWe thank Stuart Shaklan and Stefan Martin for useful discussions. Keith Patterson led the design and commissioning of the DST. This work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\n
Published - 045005_1.pdf
Accepted Version - 2010.10541.pdf
", "abstract": "Future space telescopes with coronagraph instruments will use a wavefront sensor (WFS) to measure and correct for phase errors and stabilize the stellar intensity in high-contrast images. The HabEx and LUVOIR mission concepts baseline a Zernike wavefront sensor (ZWFS), which uses Zernike's phase contrast method to convert phase in the pupil into intensity at the WFS detector. In preparation for these potential future missions, we experimentally demonstrate a ZWFS in a coronagraph instrument on the Decadal Survey Testbed in the High Contrast Imaging Testbed facility at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. We validate that the ZWFS can measure low- and mid-spatial frequency aberrations up to the control limit of the deformable mirror (DM), with surface height sensitivity as small as 1 pm, using a configuration similar to the HabEx and LUVOIR concepts. Furthermore, we demonstrate closed-loop control, resolving an individual DM actuator, with residuals consistent with theoretical models. In addition, we predict the expected performance of a ZWFS on future space telescopes using natural starlight from a variety of spectral types. The most challenging scenarios require \u223c1\u2009\u2009h of integration time to achieve picometer sensitivity. This timescale may be drastically reduced by using internal or external laser sources for sensing purposes. The experimental results and theoretical predictions presented here advance the WFS technology in the context of the next generation of space telescopes with coronagraph instruments.", "date": "2020-11-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems", "volume": "6", "number": "4", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "pagerange": "Art. No. 045005", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20201117-100810486", "issn": "2329-4124", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201117-100810486", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/1.jatis.6.4.045005", "primary_object": { "basename": "045005_1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3r7k7-y3x36/files/045005_1.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "2010.10541.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3r7k7-y3x36/files/2010.10541.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Wallace, J. Kent; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nhth8-cmg37", "eprint_id": 106021, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 06:50:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 22:59:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bendek-E-A", "name": { "family": "Bendek", "given": "Eduardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9408-8925" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo Mejia" } }, { "id": "Mendillo-C-B", "name": { "family": "Mendillo", "given": "Christopher B." } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } } ] }, "title": "Microelectromechanical deformable mirror development for high-contrast imaging, part 1: miniaturized, flight-capable control electronics", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation; exoplanets; direct detection; coronagraphs; deformable mirrors; control electronics", "note": "\u00a9 2020 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nPaper 20031 received Mar. 31, 2020; accepted for publication Sep. 22, 2020; published online Oct. 7, 2020. \n\nThe design and development of the first unit was funded by a NASA Ames Research Center Innovation Fund (CIF). The flight units were funded by NASA headquarters as PICTURE-C subaward to NASA Ames Research Center. The last unit was procured by JPL, and its performance characterization was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\n\nPublished - 045001_1.pdf
", "abstract": "Deformable mirrors (DMs) are a critical technology to enable coronagraphic direct imaging of exoplanets with current and planned ground- and space-based telescopes as well as future mission concepts, such as the Habitable Exoplanet Observatory and the Large UV/Optical/IR Surveyor. The latter concepts aim to image exoplanet types ranging from gas giants to Earth analogs. This places several requirements on the DMs such as requires a large actuator count (\u22733000), fine surface height resolution (\u227210\u2009\u2009pm), and radiation hardened driving electronics with low mass and volume. We present the design and testing of a flight-capable, miniaturized DM controller. Having achieved contrasts on the order of 5\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u200910\u207b\u2079 on a coronagraph testbed in vacuum in the high contrast imaging testbed facility at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), we demonstrate that the electronics are capable of meeting the requirements of future coronagraph-equipped space telescopes. We also report on functionality testing on-board the high-altitude balloon experiment \"Planetary Imaging Concept Testbed Using a Recoverable Experiment \u2013 Coronagraph,\" which aims to directly image debris disks and exozodiacal dust around nearby stars. The controller is designed for the Boston Micromachines Corporation Kilo-DM and is readily scalable to larger DM formats. The three main components of the system (the DM, driving electronics, and mechanical and heat management) are designed to be compact and have low-power consumption to enable its use not only on exoplanet missions, but also in a wide-range of applications that require precision optical systems, such as direct line-of-sight laser communications. The controller is capable of handling 1024 actuators with 220 V maximum dynamic range, 16-bit resolution, 14-bit accuracy, and 1 kHz operating frequency. The system fits in a 10\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u200910\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20095\u2009\u2009cm\u00b3 volume, weighs <0.5\u2009\u2009kg, and consumes <8\u2009\u2009W. We have developed a turnkey solution reducing the risk for future missions, lowering their cost by significantly reducing volume, weight, and power consumption of the wavefront control hardware.", "date": "2020-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems", "volume": "6", "number": "4", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "pagerange": "Art. No. 045001", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20201013-104709820", "issn": "2329-4124", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201013-104709820", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/1.JATIS.6.4.045001", "primary_object": { "basename": "045001_1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nhth8-cmg37/files/045001_1.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Bendek, Eduardo; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kb2sq-8w336", "eprint_id": 106059, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 06:50:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:03:16", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Bendek-E-A", "name": { "family": "Bendek", "given": "Eduardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9408-8925" }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian D." } }, { "id": "Marx-David-S", "name": { "family": "Marx", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo M." } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Seo-Byoung-Joon", "name": { "family": "Seo", "given": "Byoung-Joon" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "title": "Microelectromechanical deformable mirror development for high-contrast imaging, part 2: the impact of quantization errors on coronagraph image contrast", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "exoplanets; direct detection; coronagraphs; deformable mirrors; actuators; adaptive optics; wavefronts", "note": "\u00a9 2020 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nPaper 20027 received Mar. 13, 2020; accepted for publication Aug. 6, 2020; published online Oct. 7, 2020. \n\nThis work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\n\nPublished - 045002_1.pdf
Accepted Version - 2010.03704.pdf
", "abstract": "Stellar coronagraphs rely on deformable mirrors (DMs) to correct wavefront errors and create high-contrast images. Imperfect control of the DM limits the achievable contrast, and therefore, the DM control electronics must provide fine surface height resolution and low noise. We study the impact of quantization errors due to the DM electronics on the image contrast using experimental data from the High Contrast Imaging Testbed facility at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. We find that the simplest analytical model gives optimistic predictions compared to real cases, with contrast up to 3 times better, which leads to DM surface height resolution requirements that are incorrectly relaxed by 70%. We show that taking into account the DM actuator shape, or influence function, improves the analytical predictions. However, we also find that end-to-end numerical simulations of the wavefront sensing and control process provide the most accurate predictions and recommend such an approach for setting robust requirements on the DM control electronics. From our experimental and numerical results, we conclude that a surface height resolution of \u223c6\u2009\u2009pm is required for imaging temperate terrestrial exoplanets around solar-type stars at wavelengths as small as 450 nm with coronagraph instruments on future space telescopes. Finally, we list the recognizable characteristics of quantization errors that may help determine if they are a limiting factor.", "date": "2020-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems", "volume": "6", "number": "4", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "pagerange": "Art. No. 045002", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20201014-111856081", "issn": "2329-4124", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201014-111856081", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/1.jatis.6.4.045002", "primary_object": { "basename": "2010.03704.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kb2sq-8w336/files/2010.03704.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "045002_1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kb2sq-8w336/files/045002_1.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Echeverri, Daniel; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p32nw-tds18", "eprint_id": 102965, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 05:12:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 00:40:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" }, { "name": { "family": "Ginzburg", "given": "Sivan" } }, { "id": "Ren-Bin", "name": { "family": "Ren", "given": "Bin" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1698-9696" }, { "id": "Wallack-N-L", "name": { "family": "Wallack", "given": "Nicole" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187" }, { "name": { "family": "Gao", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8518-9601" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Bond", "given": "Charlotte Z." } }, { "name": { "family": "Cetre", "given": "Sylvain" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wizinowich", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X" }, { "name": { "family": "De Rosa", "given": "Robert J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4918-0247" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Michael C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664" }, { "name": { "family": "Alvarez", "given": "Carlos" } }, { "name": { "family": "Baranec", "given": "Christoph" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1917-9157" }, { "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "name": { "family": "Chun", "given": "Mark" } }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Duch\u00eane", "given": "Gaspard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ghez", "given": "Andrea M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3230-5055" }, { "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1097-9908" }, { "name": { "family": "Hall", "given": "Donald N. B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Jensen-Clem", "given": "Rebecca" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0054-2953" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207" }, { "name": { "family": "Lilley", "given": "Scott" } }, { "name": { "family": "M\u00e9nard", "given": "Fran\u00e7ois" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1637-7393" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Millar-Blanchaer-M-A", "name": { "family": "Millar-Blanchaer", "given": "Maxwell A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233" }, { "name": { "family": "Ngo", "given": "Henry" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5172-4859" }, { "name": { "family": "Pinte", "given": "Christophe" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5907-5179" }, { "name": { "family": "Ragland", "given": "Sam" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "name": { "family": "Wetherell", "given": "Ed" } }, { "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Jonathan P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5058-695X" }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" }, { "name": { "family": "Zuckerman", "given": "Ben" } }, { "id": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Keith" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } } ] }, "title": "Keck/NIRC2 L'-Band Imaging of Jovian-Mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Exoplanet formation; Exoplanet atmospheres; Orbit determination; Exoplanet dynamics; Coronagraphic imaging", "note": "\u00a9 2020 The American Astronomical Society.\n\nReceived 2020 March 13; revised 2020 April 10; accepted 2020 April 17; published 2020 May 18.\n\nWe thank Trevor David for helpful discussion and the referees for their helpful suggestions for the paper. J.J.W., S.G., and P.G. are supported by the Heising-Simons Foundation 51 Pegasi b postdoctoral fellowship. The Keck infrared pyramid wave front sensor was developed with support from the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1611623 and AST-1106391, as well as the Heising Simons Foundation under the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer project. This research is partially supported by NASA ROSES XRP, award 80NSSC19K0294. F.M. acknowledges funding from ANR of France under contract ANR-16-CE31-0013. Part of the computations presented here were conducted on the Caltech High Performance Cluster, partially supported by a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (grant agreement 337569, VORTEX) and under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement 819155, EPIC). The research was supported by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (grant for Concerted Research Actions). Data presented in this work were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.\n\nFacility: Keck II (NIRC2). -\n\nSoftware: pyKLIP (Wang et al. 2015), orbitize! (Blunt et al. 2020), DebrisDiskFM (Ren et al. 2019), emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), ptemcee (Vousden et al. 2016), MCFOST (Pinte et al. 2006, 2009).\n\nPublished - Wang_2020_AJ_159_263.pdf
Submitted - 2004.09597.pdf
", "abstract": "We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of 20\u207a\u00b3\u208b\u2084 au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of 34\u207a\u00b9\u00b2\u208b\u2086 au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2\u20133 R_(Jup). The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M_(Jup) and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2077 and 8 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2077 M_(Jup)/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M_(Jup) and mean mass accretion rate between 1 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2077 and 5 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2077 M_(Jup) /yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.", "date": "2020-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "159", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 263", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200501-110445577", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200501-110445577", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation", "grant_number": "51 Pegasi b Fellowship" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1611623" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1106391" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "80NSSC19K0294" }, { "agency": "Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR)", "grant_number": "ANR-16-CE31-0013" }, { "agency": "Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "819155" }, { "agency": "Wallonia-Brussels Federation" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef", "primary_object": { "basename": "2004.09597.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p32nw-tds18/files/2004.09597.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Wang_2020_AJ_159_263.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p32nw-tds18/files/Wang_2020_AJ_159_263.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Wang, Jason J.; Ginzburg, Sivan; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3anw2-1zr92", "eprint_id": 101057, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:10:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:24:07", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop-Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "Jason" } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. Kent" } } ] }, "title": "High-contrast Demonstration of an Apodized Vortex Coronagraph", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Exoplanets; Coronographic imaging; Direct imaging; Space telescopes", "note": "\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. \n\nReceived 2019 November 1; revised 2019 December 7; accepted 2019 December 16; published 2020 February 3. \n\nThe first author J.L.S. is partially supported by the National Science Foundation AST-ATI Grant 1710210. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\n\nPublished - pdf
", "abstract": "High-contrast imaging is the primary path to the direct detection and characterization of Earth-like planets around solar-type stars; a cleverly designed internal coronagraph suppresses the light from the star, revealing the elusive circumstellar companions. However, future large-aperture telescopes (>4 m in diameter) will likely have segmented primary mirrors, which cause additional diffraction of unwanted stellar light. Here we present the first high-contrast laboratory demonstration of an apodized vortex coronagraph, in which an apodizer is placed upstream of a vortex focal plane mask to improve its performance with a segmented aperture. The gray-scale apodization is numerically optimized to yield a better sensitivity to faint companions assuming an aperture shape similar to the LUVOIR-B concept. Using wavefront sensing and control over a one-sided dark hole, we achieve a raw contrast of 2 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2078 in monochromatic light at 775 nm, and a raw contrast of 4 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2078 in a 10% bandwidth. These results open the path to a new family of coronagraph designs, optimally suited for next-generation segmented space telescopes.", "date": "2020-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "159", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 79", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200203-092720940", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200203-092720940", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1720210" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ab6329", "primary_object": { "basename": "pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3anw2-1zr92/files/pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Llop-Sayson, Jorge; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8279q-ysm77", "eprint_id": 100006, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:08:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 18:59:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Uyama-Taichi", "name": { "family": "Uyama", "given": "Taichi" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6879-3030" }, { "name": { "family": "Muto", "given": "Takayuki" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Christiaens", "given": "Valentin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0101-8814" }, { "name": { "family": "Hashimoto", "given": "Jun" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3053-3575" }, { "name": { "family": "Kudo", "given": "Tomoyuki" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9294-1793" }, { "name": { "family": "Kuzuhara", "given": "Masayuki" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4677-9182" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "name": { "family": "Akiyama", "given": "Eiji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5082-8880" }, { "name": { "family": "Bae", "given": "Jaehan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bottom", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "name": { "family": "Currie", "given": "Thayne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7405-3119" }, { "name": { "family": "Dong", "given": "Ruobing" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9290-7846" }, { "name": { "family": "Follette", "given": "Katherine B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7821-0695" }, { "name": { "family": "Fukagawa", "given": "Misato" } }, { "name": { "family": "Guidi", "given": "Greta" } }, { "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kwon", "given": "Jungmi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2815-7774" }, { "name": { "family": "Mayama", "given": "Satoshi" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3424-6266" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "name": { "family": "Reggiani", "given": "Maddalena" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2911-0898" }, { "name": { "family": "Ricci", "given": "Luca" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "name": { "family": "Tamura", "given": "Motohide" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6510-0681" }, { "name": { "family": "Testi", "given": "Leonardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1859-3070" }, { "id": "Wallack-N-L", "name": { "family": "Wallack", "given": "Nicole" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187" }, { "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5058-695X" }, { "name": { "family": "Zhu", "given": "Zhaohuan" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3616-6822" } ] }, "title": "Near-Infrared Imaging of a Spiral in the CQ Tau Disk", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Protoplanetary disks; Coronagraphic imaging", "note": "\u00a9 2020 The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2019 September 3; revised 2020 January 17; accepted 2020 January 23; published 2020 February 21. \n\nThe authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for the constructive comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the paper. We wish to thank Mitsuhiko Honda for constructive comments to improve our discussions with the NIRC2 result. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. A part of this research is based on data collected at the Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatories of Japan. Based in part on data collected at Subaru telescope and obtained from the SMOKA, which is operated by the Astronomy Data Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.01404.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). \n\nT.U. acknowledges JSPS overseas research fellowship. This work was supported by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 15H02063, 17K05399, 18H05442, 19H00703, 19H05089, and 19K03932. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award No. 80NSSC19K0294. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ERC grant Agreement no. 337569) and Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant agreement No. 819155), and from the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (grant for Concerted Research Actions). V.C. acknowledges funding from the Australian Research Council via DP180104235. O.A. acknowledges funding from FRS-FNRS. J.B. acknowledges support by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF2-51427.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. \n\nThe authors wish to acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.\n\nPublished - Uyama_2020_AJ_159_118.pdf
Submitted - 1910.07605.pdf
", "abstract": "We present L'-band Keck/NIRC2 imaging and H-band Subaru/AO188+HiCIAO polarimetric observations of the CQ Tau disk with a new spiral arm. Apart from the spiral feature, our observations could not detect any companion candidates. We traced the spiral feature from the r\u00b2-scaled High-Contrast Coronographic Imager for Adaptive Optics (HiCIAO) polarimetric intensity image and the fitted result is used for forward modeling to reproduce the ADI-reduced NIRC2 image. We estimated the original surface brightness after throughput correction in the L' band to be ~126 mJy arcsec\u207b\u00b2 at most. We suggest that the grain temperature of the spiral may be heated up to ~200 K in order to explain both of the H- and L'-band results. The H-band emission at the location of the spiral originates from the scattering from the disk surface while both scattering and thermal emission may contribute to the L'-band emission. If the central star is only the light source of scattered light, the spiral emission at the L' band should be thermal emission. If an inner disk also acts as the light source, the scattered light and the thermal emission may equally contribute to the L'-band spiral structure.", "date": "2020-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "159", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 118", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-075655860", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-075655860", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "15H02063" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "17K05399" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "18H05442" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "19H00703" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "19H05089" }, { "agency": "Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)", "grant_number": "19K03932" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Australian Research Council", "grant_number": "DP180104235" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "80NSSC19K0294" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "819155" }, { "agency": "Wallonia-Brussels Federation" }, { "agency": "Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HST-HF2-51427.001-A" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ab7006", "primary_object": { "basename": "1910.07605.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8279q-ysm77/files/1910.07605.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Uyama_2020_AJ_159_118.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8279q-ysm77/files/Uyama_2020_AJ_159_118.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Uyama, Taichi; Muto, Takayuki; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k7487-2ve48", "eprint_id": 100069, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:49:51", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 22:02:57", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mazoyer-J", "name": { "family": "Mazoyer", "given": "Johan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9133-3091" }, { "name": { "family": "Baudoz", "given": "Pierre" } }, { "name": { "family": "Belikov", "given": "Ruslan" } }, { "id": "Crill-B-P", "name": { "family": "Crill", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518" }, { "id": "Fogarty-K", "name": { "family": "Fogarty", "given": "Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2691-2476" }, { "name": { "family": "Galicher", "given": "Raphael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Groff", "given": "Tyler" } }, { "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "Olivier" } }, { "name": { "family": "Juanola-Parramon", "given": "Roser" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kasdin", "given": "Jeremy" } }, { "name": { "family": "Leboulleux", "given": "Lucie" } }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo Mejia" } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "name": { "family": "N'Diaye", "given": "Mamadou" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1721-3294" }, { "name": { "family": "Perrin", "given": "Marshall" } }, { "name": { "family": "Pueyo", "given": "Laurent" } }, { "name": { "family": "Roberge", "given": "Aki" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sirbu", "given": "Dan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Soummer", "given": "Remi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2753-2819" }, { "name": { "family": "Stark", "given": "Chris" } }, { "id": "Trauger-J-T", "name": { "family": "Trauger", "given": "John" } }, { "name": { "family": "Zimmerman", "given": "Neil" } } ] }, "title": "High-Contrast Testbeds for Future Space-Based Direct Imaging Exoplanet Missions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019.\n\nJohan Mazoyer acknowledges support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF2-51414 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. The research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.\n\nSubmitted - 1907.09508.pdf
", "abstract": "Instrumentation techniques in the field of direct imaging of exoplanets have greatly advanced over the last two decades. Two of the four NASA-commissioned large concept studies involve a high-contrast instrument for the imaging and spectral characterization of exo-Earths from space: LUVOIR and HabEx. This whitepaper describes the status of 8 optical testbeds in the US and France currently in operation to experimentally validate the necessary technologies to image exo-Earths from space. They explore two complementary axes of research: (i) coronagraph designs and manufacturing and (ii) active wavefront correction methods and technologies. Several instrument architectures are currently being analyzed in parallel to provide more degrees of freedom for designing the future coronagraphic instruments. The necessary level of performance has already been demonstrated in-laboratory for clear off-axis telescopes (HabEx-like) and important efforts are currently in development to reproduce this accomplishment on segmented and/or on-axis telescopes (LUVOIR-like) over the next two years.", "date": "2019-11-26", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-132654179", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-132654179", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HST-HF2-51414" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" }, { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1907.09508", "primary_object": { "basename": "1907.09508.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k7487-2ve48/files/1907.09508.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Mazoyer, Johan; Baudoz, Pierre; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rftvd-fv866", "eprint_id": 101612, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:53:21", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 22:08:13", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Seo-Byoung-Joon", "name": { "family": "Seo", "given": "Byoung-Joon" } }, { "id": "Patterson-K", "name": { "family": "Patterson", "given": "Keith" } }, { "id": "Balasubramanian-K", "name": { "family": "Balasubramanian", "given": "Kunjithapatham" } }, { "id": "Crill-B-P", "name": { "family": "Crill", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518" }, { "id": "Chui-Talso-C-P", "name": { "family": "Chui", "given": "Talso" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian" } }, { "id": "Marx-D", "name": { "family": "Marx", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Moody-D-C", "name": { "family": "Moody", "given": "Dwight" } }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo Mejia" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Shi-Fang", "name": { "family": "Shi", "given": "Fang" } }, { "id": "Shaw-J", "name": { "family": "Shaw", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nick" } }, { "id": "Tang-Hong", "name": { "family": "Tang", "given": "Hong" } }, { "id": "Trauger-J-T", "name": { "family": "Trauger", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Wilson-D-W", "name": { "family": "Wilson", "given": "Daniel" } }, { "id": "Zimmer-R-J", "name": { "family": "Zimmer", "given": "Robert" } } ] }, "title": "Testbed demonstration of high-contrast coronagraph imaging in search for Earth-like exoplanets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). We would like to acknowledge funding from NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Program Office, in addition to contributions small and large from the broader WFIRST-CGI, HCIT, and MDL teams.\n\nPublished - 111171V.pdf
", "abstract": "Direct imaging of an Earth-like exoplanet requires starlight suppression with a contrast ratio on the order of 1 x 10\u207b\u00b9\u2070 at small angular separations of 100 milliarcseconds or less in visible light with more than 50 nm bandwidth. To our knowledge, the technology needed to achieve the contrast and stability has not been demonstrated as of January 2019. The science requirements for near future NASA missions such as James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) coronagraph and Wide Field Infrared Space Telescope (WFIRST) Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) are at least 10 times short. To investigate and guide the technology to reach this capability, we built a high contrast coronagraph testbed at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Titled the Decadal Survey Testbed (DST), state-of-art testbed is based on the accumulated experience of JPL's High Contrast Imaging Testbed (HCIT) team. Currently, the DST hosts a Hybrid Lyot Coronagraph (HLC) with an unobscured, circular pupil. The DST also has two deformable mirrors and is equipped with the Low Order Wavefront Sensing and Control (LOWFS/C) subsystem to sense and correct the dynamic wavefront disturbances. In this paper, we present up-to-date progress of the testbed demonstration. As of January 2019, we repeatedly obtain convergence below 4 \u00d7 10\u207b\u00b9\u2070 mean contrast with 10% broadband light centered at 550 nm in a 360 degrees dark hole with a working angle between 3 \u03bb/D and 9 \u03bb/D. We show the key elements used in the testbed and the performance results with associated analysis.", "date": "2019-09-16", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 111171V", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200227-101638370", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200227-101638370", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2530033", "primary_object": { "basename": "111171V.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rftvd-fv866/files/111171V.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Seo, Byoung-Joon; Patterson, Keith; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d236r-4v623", "eprint_id": 98616, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:46:44", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:40", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" } ] }, "title": "A multi-object spectrograph using single-mode fibers with a coronagraph: progress towards laboratory results on the high-contrast testbed for segmented telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by the Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA. Copyright 2019 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship acknowledged. All rights reserved.\n\nPublished - 111171A.pdf
", "abstract": "Using single-mode fibers (SMFs) in the image plane of coronagraphs allows access to a new wavefront control regime. By using deformable mirrors to create a mismatch between the incoming starlight and the fiber mode, SMFs can serve as integral parts of the light suppression ability of the coronagraph. Previous promising simulation results show increased spectral bandwidth and throughput when using SMFs in a multi-object role, and previous laboratory results have shown increased light suppression using a single SMF. We present an update on efforts to combine a multi-core SMF with a high-resolution spectrograph on the High Contrast Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST) at Caltech. We present our planned experimental design, as well as simulations of expected performance when controlling multiple fiber cores on HCST. We will test the potential increase in spectral bandpass and throughput resulting from the switch to SMFs, as well as the stability of the wavefront control solution.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 111171A", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-134333478", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-134333478", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Postdoctoral Program" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2528569", "primary_object": { "basename": "111171A.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d236r-4v623/files/111171A.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Coker, Carl T.; Llop Sayson, Jorge; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3b73d-sw626", "eprint_id": 98624, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:47:27", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:56", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Martin-S-R", "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Stefan" } }, { "id": "Kuan-Gary", "name": { "family": "Kuan", "given": "Gary" } }, { "id": "Stern-D", "name": { "family": "Stern", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2686-9241" }, { "id": "Scowen-P-A", "name": { "family": "Scowen", "given": "Paul" } }, { "id": "Krist-J-E", "name": { "family": "Krist", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" } ] }, "title": "Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) telescope and optical instruments", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "HabEx, Exoplanet, Starshade, Coronagraphy, Ultraviolet, Infrared, Spectroscopy, Imaging", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe information in this paper is provided prior to any decisions or commitments being made and is provided for planning and discussion purposes only. This work was conducted at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2019 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged. All rights reserved.\n\nPublished - 1111704.pdf
", "abstract": "The HabEx study has developed a baseline concept for a 4 m aperture next generation space telescope operating from the ultraviolet to the infrared, capable of compelling general astrophysics and exoplanet science. HabEx carries four instruments, a UV spectrometer/imager (UVS) together with a general purpose astrophysics camera/spectrograph (HWC) and for exoplanet work, a coronagraph and a starshade. UVS reaches down to 115 nm with resolution up to 60,000 and a 3'x3' field of view. HWC operates between 370 nm and 1800 nm, again with a 3'x3' field of view; the spectral resolution is 1000 and it carries a suite of science filters. The telescope is capable of tracking both deep space and solar system objects. The coronagraph enables observations and spectroscopy at up to R=140 with instantaneous 20% bandwidth between wavelengths of 450 and 1800 nm and is intended to be used in a survey mode. However, it also backs up most of the functionality of the accompanying starshade instrument which will have superior performance for spectroscopy. The 52 m diameter starshade flies 76,600 km from the telescope and at that range has a broadband suppression of the starlight between 300 and 1000 nm. A single observation at 108% bandwidth covers a very wide spectral band at a resolution up to 140. Both coronagraph and starshade are equipped with integral field spectrometers to enable simultaneous spectroscopy of exoplanets within the field of view. This paper details the design of the telescope, the four science instruments and associated optical systems.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1111704", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190913-070700442", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190913-070700442", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2530737", "primary_object": { "basename": "1111704.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3b73d-sw626/files/1111704.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Martin, Stefan; Kuan, Gary; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q3gh5-tcx19", "eprint_id": 98625, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:47:52", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Krist-John-E", "name": { "family": "Krist", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Martin-S-R", "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Stefan" } }, { "id": "Kuan-Gary", "name": { "family": "Kuan", "given": "Gary" } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Saini-N-S", "name": { "family": "Saini", "given": "Navtej" } }, { "id": "Trauger-J-T", "name": { "family": "Trauger", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Breckinridge-J-B", "name": { "family": "Breckinridge", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9488-098X" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Stahl-P", "name": { "family": "Stahl", "given": "Philip" } }, { "id": "Davis-J", "name": { "family": "Davis", "given": "Jeffrey" } } ] }, "title": "Numerical modeling of the Habex coronagraph", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Habex, coronagraph", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology under contract to NASA. The decision to implement WFIRST will not be finalized until NASA's completion of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. This document is being made available for information purposes only.\n\nPublished - 1111705.pdf
", "abstract": "The Habex study, commissioned by NASA in preparation for the 2020 Decadal Survey, is evaluating a 4 meter space telescope for high contrast imaging and spectral characterization of extrasolar terrestrial planets. Its off-axis configuration, active structural metrology, and low-disturbance pointing control provide an optimal system for coronagraphs. We present predictions of the Habex performance using a charge 6 vortex coronagraph that have been obtained using numerical modeling techniques developed for the WFIRST coronagraph. The models include realistic optical surface and polarization-induced aberrations, pointing jitter, and thermally-induced wavefront variations. Wavefront control using dual deformable mirrors is simulated to create a dark, high-contrast hole around the star. The results show that current technologies can closely approach the Habex performance goals, and with some additional development in key areas (e.g., deformable mirror surface quality, low-polarization coatings, etc.) over the next few years they should reliably meet them.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1111705", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190913-072409336", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190913-072409336", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2530462", "primary_object": { "basename": "1111705.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q3gh5-tcx19/files/1111705.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Krist, John; Martin, Stefan; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5w35b-b3793", "eprint_id": 98617, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:46:51", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:42", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } } ] }, "title": "Scalar vortex coronagraph mask design and predicted performance", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\n\nPublished - 111171F.pdf
Accepted Version - 1908.09786.pdf
", "abstract": "Vortex coronagraphs are an attractive solution for imaging exoplanets with future space telescopes due to their relatively high throughput, large spectral bandwidth, and low sensitivity to low-order aberrations compared to other coronagraphs with similar inner working angles. Most of the vortex coronagraph mask development for space applications has focused on generating a polychromatic, vectorial, optical vortex using multiple layers of liquid crystal polymers. While this approach has been the most successful thus far, current fabrication processes achieve retardance errors of 0.1-1.0\u00b0, which causes a nonnegligible fraction of the starlight to leak through the coronagraph. Circular polarizers are typically used to reject the stellar leakage reducing the throughput by a factor of two. Vector vortex masks also complicate wavefront control because they imprint conjugated phase ramps on the orthogonal circular polarization components, which may need to be split in order to properly sense and suppress the starlight. Scalar vortex masks can potentially circumvent these limitations by applying the same phase shift to all incident light regardless of the polarization state and thus have the potential to significantly improve the performance of vortex coronagraphs. We present scalar vortex coronagraph designs that make use of focal plane masks with multiple layers of dielectrics that (a) produce phase patterns that are relatively friendly to standard manufacturing processes and (b) achieve sufficient broadband starlight suppression, in theory, for imaging Earth-like planets with future space telescopes.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 111171F", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-135301575", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-135301575", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2528625", "primary_object": { "basename": "111171F.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5w35b-b3793/files/111171F.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1908.09786.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5w35b-b3793/files/1908.09786.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3eh0f-wvq92", "eprint_id": 98620, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:47:09", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:48", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop-Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Morrissey-G", "name": { "family": "Morrissey", "given": "Grady" } }, { "id": "Sun-He", "name": { "family": "Sun", "given": "He" } } ] }, "title": "The high-contrast spectroscopy testbed for segmented telescopes (HCST): new wavefront control demonstrations", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, Exoplanets, Wavefront Control, Wavefront Sensing, Spectroscopy", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation AST-ATI Grant 1710210.\n\nPublished - 111171W.pdf
", "abstract": "The High-Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST) in the Exoplanet Technology Laboratory (ET Lab) at Caltech is designed to test the technologies that will enable direct imaging and characterization of exoplanets with future segmented ground- and space-based telescopes. Wavefront sensing and control has been successfully implemented with electric field conjugation (EFC) using the FALCO Matlab package, yielding a baseline raw contrast of 1\u00d710^(-8) in narrowband light with a Vector Vortex Coronagraph over a clear aperture. Here we report on progress towards our next HCST milestones: 1- Demonstration of 10^(-8) raw contrast levels in broadband light with the apodized vortex coronagraph using a LUVOIR B-like segmented aperture. 2- Integration of a fiber injection unit (FIU) and corresponding wavefront control algorithm to achieve 10^(-8) raw contrast in broadband light through a single mode fiber enabling high dispersion coronagraphy.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 111171W", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-141317978", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-141317978", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1710210" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2530670", "primary_object": { "basename": "111171W.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3eh0f-wvq92/files/111171W.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Llop-Sayson, Jorge; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5cpb4-njs34", "eprint_id": 98623, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:47:23", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:56:54", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. Kent" } }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natasha" } } ] }, "title": "Vortex fiber nulling for exoplanet observations: conceptual design, theoretical performance, and initial scientific yield predictions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Instrumentation, exoplanets, interferometry", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.\n\nPublished - 1111716.pdf
Accepted Version - 1908.09780.pdf
", "abstract": "Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a method that may enable the detection and characterization of exoplanets at small angular separations (0.5-2 \u03bb/D) with ground- and space-based telescopes. Since the field of view is within the inner working angle of most coronagraphs, nulling accesses non-transiting planets that are otherwise too close to their star for spectral characterization by other means, thereby significantly increasing the number of known exoplanets available for direct spectroscopy in the near-infrared. Furthermore, VFN targets planets on closer-in orbits which tend to have more favorable planet-to-star flux ratios in reflected light. Here, we present the theory and applications of VFN, show that the optical performance is approximately equivalent for a variety of implementations and aperture shapes, and discuss the trade-offs between throughput and engineering requirements using numerical simulations. We compare vector and scalar approaches and, finally, show that beam shaping optics may be used to significantly improve the throughput for planet light. Based on theoretical performance, we estimate the number of known planets and theoretical exoEarths accessible with a VFN instrument linked to a high-resolution spectrograph on the future Thirty Meter Telescope.", "date": "2019-09-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1111716", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-162000191", "isbn": "9781510629271", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets IX", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-162000191", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2528555", "primary_object": { "basename": "1111716.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5cpb4-njs34/files/1111716.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1908.09780.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5cpb4-njs34/files/1908.09780.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Echeverri, Daniel; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6acr1-why17", "eprint_id": 96610, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:50:20", "lastmod": "2024-02-02 21:12:00", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mazin-B-A", "name": { "family": "Mazin", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Artigau", "given": "\u00c9." } }, { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "name": { "family": "Baranec", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Benneke", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Birkby", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Brandt", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Chilcote", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Chun", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Currie", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Crossfield", "given": "I." } }, { "id": "Dekany-R-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J. R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Dong", "given": "C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Dong", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Doyon", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fitzgerald", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Frazin", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Gaidos", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "O." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hashimoto", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Hillenbrand-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hillenbrand", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "name": { "family": "Jensen-Clem", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kotani", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kawahara", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Konopacky", "given": "Q." } }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "H." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lu", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lozi", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Macintosh", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Males", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Marois", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Meeker-S-R", "name": { "family": "Meeker", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Millar-Blanchaer-M-A", "name": { "family": "Millar-Blanchaer", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233" }, { "name": { "family": "Mondal", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Bose", "given": "S. N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Murakami", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Murray-Clay", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Narita", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Pyo", "given": "T. S." } }, { "id": "Roberts-L-C-Jr", "name": { "family": "Roberts", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3892-2900" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Serabyn-G", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Shields", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Skemer", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Simard", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Stelter", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Tamura", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Troy-M", "name": { "family": "Troy", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Wallace-J-Kent", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "name": { "family": "Wright", "given": "S." } } ] }, "title": "Directly Imaging Rocky Planets from the Ground", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1905.04275.pdf
", "abstract": "Over the past three decades instruments on the ground and in space have discovered thousands of planets outside the solar system. These observations have given rise to an astonishingly detailed picture of the demographics of short-period planets, but are incomplete at longer periods where both the sensitivity of transit surveys and radial velocity signals plummet. Even more glaring is that the spectra of planets discovered with these indirect methods are either inaccessible (radial velocity detections) or only available for a small subclass of transiting planets with thick, clear atmospheres. Direct detection can be used to discover and characterize the atmospheres of planets at intermediate and wide separations, including non-transiting exoplanets. Today, a small number of exoplanets have been directly imaged, but they represent only a rare class of young, self-luminous super-Jovian-mass objects orbiting tens to hundreds of AU from their host stars. Atmospheric characterization of planets in the <5 AU regime, where radial velocity (RV) surveys have revealed an abundance of other worlds, is technically feasible with 30-m class apertures in combination with an advanced AO system, coronagraph, and suite of spectrometers and imagers. There is a vast range of unexplored science accessible through astrometry, photometry, and spectroscopy of rocky planets, ice giants, and gas giants. In this white paper we will focus on one of the most ambitious science goals --- detecting for the first time habitable-zone rocky (<1.6 R_Earth) exoplanets in reflected light around nearby M-dwarfs", "date": "2019-06-20", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190620-155138416", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190620-155138416", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1905.04275", "primary_object": { "basename": "1905.04275.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6acr1-why17/files/1905.04275.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Mazin, B.; Artigau, \u00c9.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ek2kh-tb789", "eprint_id": 96515, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:19", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:48:13", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sallum-S", "name": { "family": "Sallum", "given": "Steph" } }, { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "Vanessa P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "id": "Bernstein-R-A", "name": { "family": "Bernstein", "given": "Rebecca A." } }, { "id": "Boss-A-P", "name": { "family": "Boss", "given": "Alan P." } }, { "id": "Bowler-B-P", "name": { "family": "Bowler", "given": "Brendan P." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2649-2288" }, { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2167-8246" }, { "id": "Currie-T", "name": { "family": "Currie", "given": "Thayne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7405-3119" }, { "id": "Dong-Ruobing", "name": { "family": "Dong", "given": "Ruobing" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9290-7846" }, { "id": "Espaillat-C-C", "name": { "family": "Espaillat", "given": "Catherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9227-5949" }, { "id": "Fitzgerald-M-P", "name": { "family": "Fitzgerald", "given": "Michael P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973" }, { "id": "Follette-K-B", "name": { "family": "Follette", "given": "Katherine B." } }, { "id": "Fortney-J-J", "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9843-4354" }, { "id": "Hasegawa-Yasuhiro", "name": { "family": "Hasegawa", "given": "Yasuhiro" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9017-3663" }, { "id": "Jang-Condell-H", "name": { "family": "Jang-Condell", "given": "Hannah" } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Kane-S-R", "name": { "family": "Kane", "given": "Stephen R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7084-0529" }, { "id": "Konopacky-Q-M", "name": { "family": "Konopacky", "given": "Quinn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285" }, { "id": "Liu-Michael-C", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664" }, { "id": "Lozi-J", "name": { "family": "Lozi", "given": "Julien" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3047-1845" }, { "id": "Males-J-R", "name": { "family": "Males", "given": "Jared" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Mazin-B-A", "name": { "family": "Mazin", "given": "Benjamin" } }, { "id": "Millar-Blanchaer-M-A", "name": { "family": "Millar-Blanchaer", "given": "Max" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233" }, { "id": "Murray-Clay-R-A", "name": { "family": "Murray-Clay", "given": "Ruth" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5061-0462" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Skemer-A-J", "name": { "family": "Skemer", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924" }, { "id": "Tamura-Motohide", "name": { "family": "Tamura", "given": "Motohide" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6510-0681" }, { "id": "Vasisht-G", "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "Gautam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" } ] }, "title": "Imaging Giant Protoplanets with the ELTs", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.05319.pdf
", "abstract": "We have now accumulated a wealth of observations of the planet-formation environment and of mature planetary systems. These data allow us to test and refine theories of gas-giant planet formation by placing constraints on the conditions and timescale of this process. Yet a number of fundamental questions remain unanswered about how protoplanets accumulate material, their photospheric properties and compositions, and how they interact with protoplanetary disks. While we have begun to detect protoplanet candidates during the last several years, we are presently only sensitive to the widest separation, highest mass / accretion rate cases. Current observing facilities lack the angular resolution and inner working angle to probe the few-AU orbital separations where giant planet formation is thought to be most efficient. They also lack the contrast to detect accretion rates that would form lower mass gas giants and ice giants. Instruments and telescopes coming online over the next decade will provide high contrast in the inner giant-planet-forming regions around young stars, allowing us to build a protoplanet census and to characterize planet formation in detail for the first time.", "date": "2019-06-19", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-084158876", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-084158876", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05319", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05319.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ek2kh-tb789/files/1903.05319.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Sallum, Steph; Bailey, Vanessa P.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5a7vt-zxp24", "eprint_id": 96390, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:16:09", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 21:07:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hirsch-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hirsch", "given": "Lea A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8058-7443" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew W." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Marcy-G-W", "name": { "family": "Marcy", "given": "Geoffrey W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2909-0113" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Gonzalez-E-J", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez", "given": "Erica" } }, { "id": "Blunt-S-C", "name": { "family": "Blunt", "given": "Sarah" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3199-2888" }, { "id": "Crepp-J-R", "name": { "family": "Crepp", "given": "Justin R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0800-0593" }, { "id": "Fulton-B-J", "name": { "family": "Fulton", "given": "Benjamin J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316" }, { "id": "Isaacson-H-T", "name": { "family": "Isaacson", "given": "Howard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073" }, { "id": "Kosiarek-M-R", "name": { "family": "Kosiarek", "given": "Molly" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6115-4359" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Sinukoff-E", "name": { "family": "Sinukoff", "given": "Evan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5658-0601" }, { "id": "Weiss-L-M", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Lauren" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058" } ] }, "title": "Discovery of a White Dwarf Companion to HD 159062", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "binaries: spectroscopic \u2013 binaries: visual \u2013 white dwarfs", "note": "\u00a9 2019 The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2018 October 1; revised 2019 April 16; accepted 2019 April 17; published 2019 June 12. \n\nWe would like to thank the anonymous referee for many helpful and detailed suggestions that have helped to improve this manuscript. We thank Pierre Bergeron for providing updated white dwarf cooling models including L'-band synthetic photometry. L.A.H. would like to thank James Graham for helpful discussion on this project, and Erik Petigura for carrying out HIRES observations and performing a spectroscopic analysis of the properties of HD 159062 A. M.R.K acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, grant No. DGE 1339067. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. \n\nFacilities: Keck:I (HIRES) - , Keck:II (NIRC2) - , Lick:Shane (ShARCS) - , Palomar:Hale (PHARO). - \n\nSoftware: Emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), VIP (Gomez Gonzalez et al. 2017), isoclassify (Huber et al. 2017), pyKLIP (Wang et al. 2015), photutils (Bradley et al. 2017).\n\nPublished - Hirsch_2019_ApJ_878_50.pdf
Submitted - 1905.06440.pdf
", "abstract": "We report on the discovery of a white dwarf companion to the nearby late G dwarf star, HD 159062. The companion is detected in 14 years of precise radial velocity (RV) data, and in high-resolution imaging observations. RVs of HD 159062 from 2003 to 2018 reveal an acceleration of \u221213.3 \u00b1 0.12 m s^(-1) yr^(-1), indicating that it hosts a companion with a long-period orbit. Subsequent imaging observations with the ShaneAO system on the Lick Observatory 3 m Shane telescope, the PHARO AO system on the Palomar Observatory 5 m telescope, and the NIRC2 AO system at the Keck II 10 m telescope reveal a faint companion 2.\"7 from the primary star. We performed relative photometry, finding \u0394J = 10.09 \u00b1 0.38 mag, \u0394K_S = 10.06\u00b10.22 mag, and \u0394L\u2032 = 9.67\u00b10.08 mag for the companion from these observations. Analysis of the radial velocities, astrometry, and photometry reveals that the combined data set can only be reconciled for the scenario where HD 159062 B is a white dwarf. A full Bayesian analysis of the RV and imaging data to obtain the cooling age, mass, and orbital parameters of the white dwarf indicates that the companion is an old M_B = 0.65^(+0.12)_(\u22120.04) M_\u2299 white dwarf with an orbital period of P = 250^(+130)_(\u221276) yr, and a cooling age of \u03c4 = 8.2^(+0.3)_(\u22120.5) Gyr.", "date": "2019-06-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astrophysical Journal", "volume": "878", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 50", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190613-114026491", "issn": "1538-4357", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190613-114026491", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Graduate Research Fellowship", "grant_number": "DGE-1339067" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ab1b11", "primary_object": { "basename": "1905.06440.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5a7vt-zxp24/files/1905.06440.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Hirsch_2019_ApJ_878_50.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5a7vt-zxp24/files/Hirsch_2019_ApJ_878_50.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Hirsch, Lea A.; Ciardi, David R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6c6v7-cck54", "eprint_id": 91384, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:44:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:28:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Levraud-N", "name": { "family": "Levraud", "given": "Nicolas" } } ] }, "title": "Vortex fiber nulling for exoplanet observations. I. Experimental demonstration in monochromatic light", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019 Optical Society of America. \n\nReceived 8 November 2018; revised 29 March 2019; accepted 1 April 2019; posted 1 April 2019 (Doc. ID 349990); published 19 April 2019. \n\nFunding: National Science Foundation (NSF) (AST-1602444); Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology.\n\nSubmitted - 1811.02083.pdf
", "abstract": "Vortex fiber nulling is a method for spectroscopically characterizing exoplanets at small angular separations, \u2272", "date": "2019-05-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Optics Letters", "volume": "44", "number": "9", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "2204-2207", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181130-143911660", "issn": "0146-9592", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181130-143911660", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "JPL" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/OL.44.002204", "primary_object": { "basename": "1811.02083.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6c6v7-cck54/files/1811.02083.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Echeverri, Daniel; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/crwjn-e5v50", "eprint_id": 92934, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:30:05", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 16:39:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Ngo-Henry-Hoang-Khoi-Exoplanets", "name": { "family": "Ngo", "given": "Henry" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5172-4859" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Cook-Therese", "name": { "family": "Cook", "given": "Therese" } }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "Carlos A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "id": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Keith" } }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Reggiani-M", "name": { "family": "Reggiani", "given": "Maddalena" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2911-0898" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Wallack-N-L", "name": { "family": "Wallack", "given": "Nicole" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187" }, { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao-Jerry", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "W. Jerry" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137" } ] }, "title": "Reference Star Differential Imaging of Close-in Companions and Circumstellar Disks with the NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph at the W. M. Keck Observatory", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019 The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2018 November 28; revised 2019 January 13; accepted 2019 January 14; published 2019 February 14. \n\nG.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. The data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. \n\nFacility: Keck:II (NIRC2). - \n\nSoftware: VIP (Gomez Gonzalez et al. 2017), QACITS (Huby et al. 2015, 2017), Astropy (The Astropy Collaboration et al. 2018), orbitize (Blunt et al. 2018).\n\nPublished - Ruane_2019_AJ_157_118.pdf
Accepted Version - 1901.04090.pdf
", "abstract": "Reference star differential imaging (RDI) is a powerful strategy for high-contrast imaging. Using example observations taken with the vortex coronagraph mode of Keck/NIRC2 in L' band, we demonstrate that RDI provides improved sensitivity to point sources at small angular separations compared to angular differential imaging (ADI). Applying RDI to images of the low-mass stellar companions HIP 79124 C (192 mas separation, \u0394L' = 4.01) and HIP 78233 B (141 mas separation, \u0394L' = 4.78), the latter a first imaging detection, increases the significance of their detections by up to a factor of 5 with respect to ADI. We compare methods for reference frame selection and find that pre-selection of frames improves detection significance of point sources by up to a factor of 3. In addition, we use observations of the circumstellar disks around MWC 758 and 2MASS J16042165\u22122130284 to show that RDI allows for accurate mapping of scattered light distributions without self-subtraction artifacts.", "date": "2019-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "157", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 118", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190214-105330131", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190214-105330131", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aafee2", "primary_object": { "basename": "1901.04090.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/crwjn-e5v50/files/1901.04090.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Ruane_2019_AJ_157_118.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/crwjn-e5v50/files/Ruane_2019_AJ_157_118.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Ngo, Henry; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4fgrs-68k96", "eprint_id": 92031, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:34:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 23:54:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Hirsch-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hirsch", "given": "Lea" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8058-7443" }, { "id": "Lee-Eve-J", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Eve J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1228-9820" }, { "id": "Ruffio-J-B", "name": { "family": "Ruffio", "given": "Jean-Baptiste" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821" }, { "id": "Bottom-M", "name": { "family": "Bottom", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531" }, { "id": "Fulton-B-J", "name": { "family": "Fulton", "given": "Benjamin J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Bowler-B-P", "name": { "family": "Bowler", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2649-2288" }, { "id": "Bryan-M-L", "name": { "family": "Bryan", "given": "Marta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Christiaens-V", "name": { "family": "Christiaens", "given": "Valentin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0101-8814" }, { "id": "Defr\u00e8re-D", "name": { "family": "Defr\u00e8re", "given": "Denis" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3499-2506" }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "Carlos Alberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew W." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "id": "Isaacson-H-T", "name": { "family": "Isaacson", "given": "Howard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073" }, { "id": "Jensen-Clem-R-M", "name": { "family": "Jensen-Clem", "given": "Rebecca" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0054-2953" }, { "id": "Kosiarek-M-R", "name": { "family": "Kosiarek", "given": "Molly" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6115-4359" }, { "id": "Marcy-G-W", "name": { "family": "Marcy", "given": "Geoff" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2909-0113" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Petigura-E-A", "name": { "family": "Petigura", "given": "Erik" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0967-2893" }, { "id": "Reggiani-M", "name": { "family": "Reggiani", "given": "Maddalena" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2911-0898" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Sinukoff-E", "name": { "family": "Sinukoff", "given": "Evan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5658-0601" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Weiss-L-M", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Lauren" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058" }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" } ] }, "title": "Deep Exploration of \u03f5 Eridani with Keck Ms-band Vortex Coronagraphy and Radial Velocities: Mass and Orbital Parameters of the Giant Exoplanet", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "planet\u2013disk interactions; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; planets and satellites: gaseous planets; planetary systems; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: radial velocities", "note": "\u00a9 2019. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2018 May 1; revised 2018 October 16; accepted 2018 October 29; published 2019 January 3. \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the contributions and useful comments from Prof. Debra Fischer and Prof. James Graham. The data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This work was partially performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. (C) 2017. All rights reserved. E.C. acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF2-51355 awarded by STScI, which is operated by AURA, Inc. for NASA under contract NAS5-26555. We also acknowledge support from NASA/NExSS through grant no. NNX15AD95G. \n\nSoftware: RadVel (Fulton et al. 2018), emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), VIP (Gomez Gonzalez et al. 2017), PyKLIP (Wang et al. 2015).\n\nPublished - Mawet_2019_AJ_157_33.pdf
Accepted Version - 1810.03794.pdf
", "abstract": "We present the most sensitive direct imaging and radial velocity (RV) exploration of epsilon Eridani to date. epsilon Eridani is an adolescent planetary system, reminiscent of the early solar system. It is surrounded by a prominent and complex debris disk that is likely stirred by one or several gas giant exoplanets. The discovery of the RV signature of a giant exoplanet was announced 15 yr ago, but has met with scrutiny due to possible confusion with stellar noise. We confirm the planet with a new compilation and analysis of precise RV data spanning 30 yr, and combine it with upper limits from our direct imaging search, the most sensitive ever performed. The deep images were taken in the Ms band (4.7 \u03bcm) with the vortex coronagraph recently installed in W.M. Keck Observatory's infrared camera NIRC2, which opens a sensitive window for planet searches around nearby adolescent systems. The RV data and direct imaging upper limit maps were combined in an innovative joint Bayesian analysis, providing new constraints on the mass and orbital parameters of the elusive planet. epsilon Eridani b has a mass of 0.78_(-0.12)^(+0.38} M_(Jup) and is orbiting epsilon Eridani at about 3.48 \u00b1 0.02 au with a period of 7.37 \u00b1 0.07 yr. The eccentricity of epsilon Eridani b's orbit is 0.07_(-0.05)^(+0.06), an order of magnitude smaller than early estimates and consistent with a circular orbit. We discuss our findings from the standpoint of planet\u2013disk interactions and prospects for future detection and characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope.", "date": "2019-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "157", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 33", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190103-105531269", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190103-105531269", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HF2-51355" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX15AD95G" }, { "agency": "Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)" }, { "agency": "Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science" }, { "agency": "NSF Graduate Research Fellowship" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "TAPIR" }, { "id": "Walter-Burke-Institute-for-Theoretical-Physics" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aaef8a", "primary_object": { "basename": "1810.03794.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4fgrs-68k96/files/1810.03794.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Mawet_2019_AJ_157_33.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4fgrs-68k96/files/Mawet_2019_AJ_157_33.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Mawet, Dimitri; Hirsch, Lea; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fhrsk-yh704", "eprint_id": 94385, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:36:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 17:55:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207" }, { "id": "Calvin-B-A", "name": { "family": "Calvin", "given": "Benjamin" } }, { "id": "Levraud-N", "name": { "family": "Levraud", "given": "Nicolas" } }, { "id": "Roberson-M", "name": { "family": "Roberson", "given": "Milan" } }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "Nikita" } }, { "id": "Xin-Yeyuan", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Yeyuan" } } ] }, "title": "Demonstration of an electric field conjugation algorithm for improved starlight rejection through a single mode optical fiber", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "exoplanets; high contrast imaging; wavefront control; wavefront sensing; spectroscopy", "note": "\u00a9 The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. \n\nPaper 18116 received Nov. 16, 2018; accepted for publication Mar. 7, 2019; published online Mar. 26, 2019.\n\nPublished - 019004_1.pdf
", "abstract": "Linking a coronagraph instrument to a spectrograph via a single-mode optical fiber is a pathway toward detailed characterization of exoplanet atmospheres with current and future ground- and space-based telescopes. However, given the extreme brightness ratio and small angular separation between planets and their host stars, the planet signal-to-noise ratio will likely be limited by the unwanted coupling of starlight into the fiber. To address this issue, we utilize a wavefront control loop and a deformable mirror to systematically reject starlight from the fiber by measuring what is transmitted through the fiber. The wavefront control algorithm is based on the formalism of electric field conjugation (EFC), which in our case accounts for the spatial mode selectivity of the fiber. This is achieved by using a control output that is the overlap integral of the electric field with the fundamental mode of a single-mode fiber. This quantity can be estimated by pairwise image plane probes injected using a deformable mirror. We present simulation and laboratory results that demonstrate our approach offers a significant improvement in starlight suppression through the fiber relative to a conventional EFC controller. With our experimental setup, which provides an initial normalized intensity of 3\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u200910\u2009\u2009\u2212\u2009\u20094 in the fiber at an angular separation of 4\u03bb\u2009\u2009/\u2009\u2009D, we obtain a final normalized intensity of 3\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u200910\u2009\u2009\u2212\u2009\u20096 in monochromatic light at \u03bb\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009635\u2009\u2009nm through the fiber (100\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u2009 suppression factor) and 2\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u200910\u2009\u2009\u2212\u2009\u20095 in \u0394\u03bb\u2009\u2009/\u2009\u2009\u03bb\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u20098\u2009\u2009%\u2009\u2009 broadband light about \u03bb\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009625\u2009\u2009nm (10\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u2009 suppression factor). The fiber-based approach improves the sensitivity of spectral measurements at high contrast and may serve as an integral part of future space-based exoplanet imaging missions as well as ground-based instruments.", "date": "2019-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems", "volume": "5", "number": "1", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "pagerange": "Art. No. 019004", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190402-160051415", "issn": "2329-4124", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190402-160051415", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/1.jatis.5.1.019004", "primary_object": { "basename": "019004_1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fhrsk-yh704/files/019004_1.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Llop Sayson, Jorge; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s7fcg-9cj50", "eprint_id": 91937, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-15 06:12:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 21:24:30", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jewell-J-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Stark-C-C", "name": { "family": "Stark", "given": "C." } } ] }, "title": "Segmented coronagraph design and analysis (SCDA): an initial design study of apodized vortex coronagraphs", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This work was performed in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This work was funded by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP). G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444.\n\nSubmitted - 1712.02042.pdf
", "abstract": "The segmented coronagraph design and analysis (SCDA) study is a coordinated effort, led by Stuart Shaklan (JPL) and supported by NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), to provide efficient coronagraph design concepts for exoplanet imaging with future segmented aperture space telescopes. This document serves as an update on the apodized vortex coronagraph designs devised by the Caltech/JPL SCDA team. Apodized vortex coronagraphs come in two flavors, where the apodization is achieved either by use of 1) a gray-scale semi-transparent pupil mask or 2) a pair of deformable mirrors in series. Each approach has attractive benefits. This document presents a comprehensive review of the former type. Future theoretical investigations will further explore the use of deformable mirrors for apodization.", "date": "2018-12-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181220-112906957", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181220-112906957", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1712.02042v1", "primary_object": { "basename": "1712.02042.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s7fcg-9cj50/files/1712.02042.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, G.; Jewell, J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qc20s-gpq41", "eprint_id": 90866, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:41:09", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 14:58:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. Kent" } } ] }, "title": "Efficient Spectroscopy of Exoplanets at Small Angular Separations with Vortex Fiber Nulling", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation: adaptive optics \u2013 instrumentation: high angular resolution \u2013 techniques: spectroscopic", "note": "\u00a9 2018. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. \n\nReceived 2018 April 16; revised 2018 September 5; accepted 2018 September 15; published 2018 November 9. \n\nG.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444.\n\nPublished - Ruane_2018_ApJ_867_143.pdf
Accepted Version - 1809.06483
", "abstract": "Instrumentation designed to characterize potentially habitable planets may combine adaptive optics and high-resolution spectroscopy techniques to achieve the highest possible sensitivity to spectral signs of life. Detecting the weak signal from a planet containing biomarkers will require exquisite control of the optical wavefront to maximize the planet signal and significantly reduce unwanted starlight. We present an optical technique, known as vortex fiber nulling (VFN), that allows polychromatic light from faint planets at extremely small separations from their host stars (\u227e\u03bb/D) to be efficiently routed to a diffraction-limited spectrograph via a single-mode optical fiber, while light from the star is prevented from entering the spectrograph. VFN takes advantage of the spatial selectivity of a single-mode fiber to isolate the light from close-in companions in a small field of view around the star. We provide theoretical performance predictions of a conceptual design and show that VFN may be utilized to characterize planets detected by radial velocity (RV) instruments in the infrared without knowledge of the azimuthal orientation of their orbits. Using a spectral template-matching technique, we calculate an integration time of ~400, ~100, and ~30 hr for Ross 128 b with Keck, the Thirty Meter Telescope, and the Large Ultraviolet/Optical/Infrared Surveyor, respectively.", "date": "2018-11-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astrophysical Journal", "volume": "867", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 143", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181113-112609469", "issn": "1538-4357", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181113-112609469", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/aae262", "primary_object": { "basename": "1809.06483", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qc20s-gpq41/files/1809.06483" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Ruane_2018_ApJ_867_143.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qc20s-gpq41/files/Ruane_2018_ApJ_867_143.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Wang, Ji; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5ym7-cww07", "eprint_id": 90285, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:13:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 23:20:31", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruffio-J-B", "name": { "family": "Ruffio", "given": "Jean-Baptiste" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Czekala-I", "name": { "family": "Czekala", "given": "Ian" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1483-8811" }, { "id": "Macintosh-B-A", "name": { "family": "Macintosh", "given": "Bruce" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1212-7538" }, { "id": "De-Rosa-R", "name": { "family": "De Rosa", "given": "Robert J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4918-0247" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Bottom-M", "name": { "family": "Bottom", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531" }, { "id": "Pueyo-L", "name": { "family": "Pueyo", "given": "Laurent" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3818-408X" }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" }, { "id": "Hirsch-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hirsch", "given": "Lea" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8058-7443" }, { "id": "Zhu-Zhaohuan", "name": { "family": "Zhu", "given": "Zhaohuan" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3616-6822" }, { "id": "Nielsen-E-L", "name": { "family": "Nielsen", "given": "Eric L." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6975-9056" } ] }, "title": "A Bayesian Framework for Exoplanet Direct Detection and Non-detection", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation: adaptive optics; instrumentation: high angular resolution; methods: statistical; planetary systems; planet\u2013disk interactions; planets and satellites: detection", "note": "\u00a9 2018. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2018 June 14; revised 2018 August 30; accepted 2018 August 31; published 2018 October 12. \n\nThis research was supported by grants from NSF, including AST-1411868 (J.-B.R., B.M.) and AST-1518332 (R.J.D.R.). Support was provided by grants from NASA, including NNX14AJ80G (B.M., J.-B.R.), NNX15AD95G (R.J.D.R.) and NNX15AC89G (R.J.D.R.). This work benefited from NASAs Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network sponsored by NASAs Science Mission Directorate. \n\nFacility: Keck:II(NIRC2). - \n\nSoftware: pyKLIP13 (Wang et al. 2015), astropy14 (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013), Matplotlib15 (Hunter 2007).\n\nPublished - Ruffio_2018_AJ_156_196.pdf
Accepted Version - 1809.08261
", "abstract": "Rigorously quantifying the information in high-contrast imaging data is important for informing follow-up strategies to confirm the substellar nature of a point source, constraining theoretical models of planet\u2013disk interactions, and deriving planet occurrence rates. However, within the exoplanet direct imaging community, non-detections have almost exclusively been defined using a frequentist detection threshold (i.e., contrast curve) and associated completeness. This can lead to conceptual inconsistencies when included in a Bayesian framework. A Bayesian upper limit is such that the true value of a parameter lies below this limit with a certain probability. The associated probability is the integral of the posterior distribution with the upper limit as the upper bound. In summary, a frequentist upper limit is a statement about the detectability of planets while a Bayesian upper limit is a statement about the probability of a parameter to lie in an interval given the data. The latter is therefore better suited for rejecting hypotheses or theoretical models based on their predictions. In this work we emphasize that Bayesian statistics and upper limits are more easily interpreted and typically more constraining than the frequentist approach. We illustrate the use of Bayesian analysis in two different cases: (1) with a known planet location where we also propose to use model comparison to constrain the astrophysical nature of the point source and (2) gap-carving planets in TW Hya. To finish, we also mention the problem of combining radial velocity and direct imaging observations.", "date": "2018-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "156", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 196", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181016-142931784", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181016-142931784", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1411868" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1518332" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX14AJ80G" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX15AD95G" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX15AC89G" }, { "agency": "Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology" }, { "agency": "NSF Graduate Research Fellowship" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aade95", "primary_object": { "basename": "1809.08261", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5ym7-cww07/files/1809.08261" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Ruffio_2018_AJ_156_196.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5ym7-cww07/files/Ruffio_2018_AJ_156_196.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/75sbs-2z649", "eprint_id": 89641, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:06:06", "lastmod": "2024-02-02 21:05:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao-Jerry", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "W. Jerry" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ngo-Henry-Hoang-Khoi-Exoplanets", "name": { "family": "Ngo", "given": "Henry" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5172-4859" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "Vanessa P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Alvarez-C", "name": { "family": "Alvarez", "given": "Carlos" } }, { "id": "Bryan-M-L", "name": { "family": "Bryan", "given": "Marta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967" }, { "id": "Cook-Therese", "name": { "family": "Cook", "given": "Therese" } }, { "id": "Femen\u00eda-Castell\u00e1-B", "name": { "family": "Femen\u00eda Castell\u00e1", "given": "Bruno" } }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "Carlos A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "id": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Keith" } }, { "id": "Ragland-S", "name": { "family": "Ragland", "given": "Sam" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Zawol-Z", "name": { "family": "Zawol", "given": "Zo\u00eb" } } ] }, "title": "Characterizing the Performance of the NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph at W. M. Keck Observatory", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation: adaptive optics; planets and satellites: detection", "note": "\u00a9 2018. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2018 May 28; revised 2018 August 2; accepted 2018 August 14; published 2018 September 14. \n\nThe data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This work was funded, in part, by a Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) from California Institute of Technology. W.J.X. would like to thank Johanna Hardin at Pomona College for her advice on implementing the statistical models. G.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. E.C. acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF2-51355 awarded by STScI, which is operated by AURA, Inc. for NASA under contract NAS5-26555. O.A. is an F.R.S-FNRS research associate. V.B. acknowledges government sponsorship; this research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \n\nFacility: Keck II (NIRC2). - \n\nSoftware: VIP (Gomez Gonzalez et al. 2017), QACITS (Huby et al. 2015, 2017), Astropy (The Astropy Collaboration et al. 2018), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), caret (Kuhn 2008), scikit-image (van der Walt et al. 2014), Mongo (https://docs.mongodb.com/).\n\nPublished - Xuan_2018_AJ_156_156.pdf
Accepted Version - 1808.05297.pdf
", "abstract": "The NIRC2 vortex coronagraph is an instrument on Keck II designed to directly image exoplanets and circumstellar disks at mid-infrared bands L' (3.4\u20134.1 \u03bcm) and M_s (4.55\u20134.8 \u03bcm). We analyze imaging data and corresponding adaptive optics telemetry, observing conditions, and other metadata over a three-year time period to characterize the performance of the instrument and predict the detection limits of future observations. We systematically process images from 359 observations of 304 unique stars to subtract residual starlight (i.e., the coronagraphic point-spread function) of the target star using two methods: angular differential imaging (ADI) and reference star differential imaging (RDI). We find that for the typical parallactic angle (PA) rotation of our data set (~10\u00b0), RDI provides gains over ADI for angular separations smaller than 0farcs25. Furthermore, we find a power-law relation between the angular separation from the host star and the minimum PA rotation required for ADI to outperform RDI, with a power-law index of \u22121.18 \u00b1 0.08. Finally, we use random forest models to estimate ADI and RDI post-processed detection limits a priori. These models, which we provide publicly on a website, explain 70%\u201380% of the variance in ADI detection limits and 30%\u201350% of the variance in RDI detection limits. Averaged over a range of angular separations, our models predict both ADI and RDI contrast to within a factor of 2. These results illuminate important factors in high-contrast imaging observations with the NIRC2 vortex coronagraph, help improve observing strategies, and inform future upgrades to the hardware.", "date": "2018-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "156", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 156", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180914-100923902", "issn": "0004-6256", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180914-100923902", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF)" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HF2-51355" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" }, { "agency": "Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aadae6", "primary_object": { "basename": "1808.05297.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/75sbs-2z649/files/1808.05297.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Xuan_2018_AJ_156_156.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/75sbs-2z649/files/Xuan_2018_AJ_156_156.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Xuan, W. Jerry; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/355ky-nvq88", "eprint_id": 88293, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:26:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 21:56:53", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Guidi-G-M", "name": { "family": "Guidi", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Williams-J-P", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5058-695X" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Testi-L", "name": { "family": "Testi", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1859-3070" }, { "id": "Zurlo-A", "name": { "family": "Zurlo", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5903-8316" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Bottom-M", "name": { "family": "Bottom", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Christiaens-V", "name": { "family": "Christiaens", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0101-8814" }, { "id": "Femen\u00eda-Castell\u00e1-B", "name": { "family": "Femen\u00eda-Castell\u00e1", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Isella-A", "name": { "family": "Isella", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8061-2207" }, { "id": "Kastner-J-H", "name": { "family": "Kastner", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3138-8250" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Reggiani-M", "name": { "family": "Reggiani", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2911-0898" }, { "id": "Riggs-A", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Wallack-N-L", "name": { "family": "Wallack", "given": "N." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187" } ] }, "title": "High-contrast imaging of HD 163296 with the Keck/NIRC2 L\u2032-band vortex coronograph", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation: adaptive optics \u2013 protoplanetary discs \u2013 stars: individual: HD 163296 \u2013 stars: pre-main-sequence \u2013 infrared: planetary systems", "note": "\u00a9 2018 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/about_us/legal/notices). \n\nAccepted 2018 June 15. Received 2018 June 14; in original form 2018 February 27. Published: 22 June 2018. \n\nGR is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. The data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. JPW was supported by NASA grant NNX15AC92G. JHK acknowledges support from NASA Exoplanets programme grant NNX16AB43G to RIT. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement no. 337569), and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action. EC acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF2-51355 awarded by STScI, which is operated by AURA, Inc. for NASA under contract NAS5-26555, for research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. This work used archival data from HST programme GO-10177 (PI: G. Schneider), which were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at STScI, as well as data reprocessed as part of the ALICE program, which was supported by NASA through grants HST-AR-12652 (PI: R. Soummer), HST-GO-11136 (PI: D. Golimowski), HST-GO-13855 (PI: E. Choquet), HST-GO-13331 (PI: L. Pueyo), and STScI Director's Discretionary Research funds. AZ acknowledges support from the CONICYT + PAI/ Convocatoria nacional subvenci\u00f3n a la instalaci\u00f3n en la academia, convocatoria 2017 + Folio PAI77170087. This work was partly supported by the Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universit\u00e0 e Ricerca through the grant Progetti Premiali 2012 \u2013 iALMA (CUP C52I13000140001), by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - Ref no. FOR 2634/1 TE 1024/1-1, and by the DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe (www.universe-cluster.de).\n\nPublished - sty1642.pdf
", "abstract": "We present observations of the nearby (D\u223c100\u2009pc) Herbig star HD 163296 taken with the vortex coronograph at Keck/NIRC2 in the L\u2032 band (3.7 \u03bcm) to search for planetary mass companions in the ringed disc surrounding this pre-main-sequence star. The images reveal an arc-like region of scattered light from the disc surface layers that is likely associated with the first bright ring detected with ALMA in the \u03bb = 1.3\u2009mm dust continuum at \u223c65 au. We also detect a point-like source at \u223c0.5\u2009arcsec projected separation in the north-east direction, close to the inner edge of the second gap in the millimetre images. Comparing the point source photometry with the atmospheric emission models of non-accreting giant planets, we obtain a mass of 6\u20137 M_J for a putative protoplanet, assuming a system age of 5 Myr. Based on the contrast at a 95\u2009per\u2009cent level of completeness calculated on the emission-free regions of our images, we set upper limits for the masses of giant planets of 8\u201315 M_J, 4.5\u20136.5 M_J, and 2.5\u20134.0 M_J at the locations of the first, second, and third gap in the millimetre dust continuum, respectively. Further deep, high-resolution thermal IR imaging of the HD 163296 system are warranted to confirm the presence and nature of the point source and to better understand the structure of the dust disc.", "date": "2018-09-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "volume": "479", "number": "2", "publisher": "Royal Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "1505-1513", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180726-075612565", "issn": "0035-8711", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180726-075612565", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX15AC92G" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX16AB43G" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "French Community of Belgium" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HF2-51355" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-AR-12652" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-11136" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-13855" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-13331" }, { "agency": "Space Telescope Science Institute" }, { "agency": "Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica (CONICYT)", "grant_number": "PAI77170087" }, { "agency": "Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universit\u00e0 e Ricerca (MIUR)", "grant_number": "CUP C52I13000140001" }, { "agency": "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)", "grant_number": "FOR 2634/1 TE 1024/1-1" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1093/mnras/sty1642", "primary_object": { "basename": "sty1642.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/355ky-nvq88/files/sty1642.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Guidi, G.; Ruane, G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/388yr-p7m84", "eprint_id": 88140, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:08:45", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 20:29:23", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Riggs-A-D", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "C. T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "S. B." } }, { "id": "Sidick-E", "name": { "family": "Sidick", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jewell-Jeffrey-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Balasubramanian-K", "name": { "family": "Balasubramanian", "given": "K." } }, { "id": "Stark-C-C", "name": { "family": "Stark", "given": "C. C." } } ] }, "title": "Fast Linearized Coronagraph Optimizer (FALCO) IV. Coronagraph design survey for obstructed and segmented apertures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nG. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 106984U.pdf
Submitted - 1807.06758.pdf
", "abstract": "Coronagraph instruments on future space telescopes will enable the direct detection and characterization of Earth-like exoplanets around Sun-like stars for the first time. The quest for the optimal optical coronagraph designs has made rapid progress in recent years thanks to the Segmented Coronagraph Design and Analysis (SCDA) initiative led by the Exoplanet Exploration Program at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. As a result, several types of high-performance designs have emerged that make use of dual deformable mirrors to (1) correct for optical aberrations and (2) suppress diffracted starlight from obstructions and discontinuities in the telescope pupil. However, the algorithms used to compute the optimal deformable mirror surface tend to be computationally intensive, prohibiting large scale design surveys. Here, we utilize the Fast Linearized Coronagraph Optimizer (FALCO), a tool that allows for rapid optimization of deformable mirror shapes, to explore trade-offs in coronagraph designs for obstructed and segmented space telescopes. We compare designs for representative shaped pupil Lyot and vortex coronagraphs, two of the most promising concepts for the LUVOIR space mission concept. We analyze the optical performance of each design, including their throughput and ability to passively suppress light from partially resolved stars in the presence of low-order aberrations. Our main result is that deformable mirror based apodization can suffciently suppress diffraction from support struts and inter-segment gaps whose widths are on the order of ~0.1% of the primary mirror diameter to detect Earth-sized planets within a few tens of milliarcseconds from the star.", "date": "2018-08-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106984U", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-152618824", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-152618824", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2312973", "primary_object": { "basename": "106984U.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/388yr-p7m84/files/106984U.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1807.06758.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/388yr-p7m84/files/1807.06758.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, G.; Riggs, A.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ntw0z-dq692", "eprint_id": 91414, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:10:12", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:14:34", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" } ] }, "title": "Review of high-contrast imaging systems for current and future ground- and space-based telescopes I: coronagraph design methods and optical performance metrics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the Lorentz Center for hosting and to a large extent funding the Optimal Optical Coronagraph workshop held September 25-29, 2017 at the Lorentz Center in Leiden, the Netherlands. Additional funding for the workshop was provided by the European Research Council under ERG Starting Grant agreement 678194 (FALCONER) granted to Frans Snik. This formed the platform where this work was carried out. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444.\n\nPublished - 106982S.pdf
", "abstract": "The Optimal Optical Coronagraph (OOC) Workshop at the Lorentz Center in September 2017 in Leiden, the Netherlands gathered a diverse group of 25 researchers working on exoplanet instrumentation to stimulate the emergence and sharing of new ideas. In this first installment of a series of three papers summarizing the outcomes of the OOC workshop, we present an overview of design methods and optical performance metrics developed for coronagraph instruments. The design and optimization of coronagraphs for future telescopes has progressed rapidly over the past several years in the context of space mission studies for Exo-C, WFIRST, HabEx, and LUVOIR as well as ground-based telescopes. Design tools have been developed at several institutions to optimize a variety of coronagraph mask types. We aim to give a broad overview of the approaches used, examples of their utility, and provide the optimization tools to the community. Though it is clear that the basic function of coronagraphs is to suppress starlight while maintaining light from off-axis sources, our community lacks a general set of standard performance metrics that apply to both detecting and characterizing exoplanets. The attendees of the OOC workshop agreed that it would benefit our community to clearly define quantities for comparing the performance of coronagraph designs and systems. Therefore, we also present a set of metrics that may be applied to theoretical designs, testbeds, and deployed instruments. We show how these quantities may be used to easily relate the basic properties of the optical instrument to the detection significance of the given point source in the presence of realistic noise.", "date": "2018-08-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106982S", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181204-071738445", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181204-071738445", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "678194" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2312948", "primary_object": { "basename": "106982S.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ntw0z-dq692/files/106982S.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, G.; Jovanovic, N.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ppp38-jd327", "eprint_id": 91550, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:01:39", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:15:50", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Sidick-E", "name": { "family": "Sidick", "given": "Erkin" } }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian D." } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart B." } } ] }, "title": "Fast linearized coronagraph optimizer (FALCO) I: a software toolbox for rapid coronagraphic design and wavefront correction", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "wavefront control, wavefront estimation, coronagraph, high-contrast imaging, PROPER, modeling", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. FALCO's development was funded by the WFIRST Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) project and the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program's (ExEP's) Segmented Coronagraph Design and Analysis (SCDA) study. The authors thank Dan Sirbu and Jorge Domingo Llop-Sayson for early testing and troubleshooting of FALCO.\n\nPublished - 106982V.pdf
", "abstract": "The Fast Linearized Coronagraph Optimizer (FALCO) is an open-source toolbox of routines for coronagraphic focal plane wavefront correction. The goal of FALCO is to provide a free, modular framework for the simulation or testbed operation of several common types of coronagraphs. FALCO includes routines for pair-wise probing estimation of the complex electric field and Electric Field Conjugation (EFC) control, and we ask the community to contribute other wavefront correction algorithms. FALCO utilizes and builds upon PROPER, an established optical propagation library. The key innovation in FALCO is the rapid computation of the linearized response matrix for each deformable mirror (DM), which facilitates re-linearization after each control step for faster DM-integrated coronagraph design and wavefront correction experiments. FALCO is freely available as source code in MATLAB at github.com/ajeldorado/falco-matlab and will be available later this year in Python 3 at github.com/ajeldorado/falco-python.", "date": "2018-08-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106982V", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083715924", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083715924", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313812", "primary_object": { "basename": "106982V.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ppp38-jd327/files/106982V.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Riggs, A. J. Eldorado; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9581-d4s61", "eprint_id": 98229, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:01:56", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:54:38", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "Vanessa P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "Wenhao" } } ] }, "title": "Lessons for WFIRST CGI from ground-based high-contrast systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis research was carried out in part at at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; government sponsorship acknowledged.\n\nPublished - 106986P.pdf
Submitted - 1901.04049.pdf
", "abstract": "The Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) for NASA's Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will constitute a dramatic step forward for high-contrast imaging, integral field spectroscopy, and polarimetry of exoplanets and circumstellar disks, aiming to improve upon the sensitivity of current ground-based direct imaging facilities by 2-3 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, CGI will serve as a pathfinder for future exo-Earth imaging and characterization missions by demonstrating wavefront control, coronagraphy, and spectral retrieval in a new contrast regime, and by validating instrument and telescope models at unprecedented levels of precision. To achieve this jump in performance, it is critical to draw on the experience of ground-based high-contrast facilities. We discuss several areas of relevant commonalities, including: wavefront control, post-processing of integral field unit data, and calibration and observing strategies.", "date": "2018-08-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106986P", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190826-110443109", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190826-110443109", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313820", "primary_object": { "basename": "106986P.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9581-d4s61/files/106986P.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1901.04049.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9581-d4s61/files/1901.04049.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Bailey, Vanessa P.; Choquet, \u00c9lodie; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pzqqs-kf422", "eprint_id": 91552, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:01:43", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:15:54", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Fogarty-K", "name": { "family": "Fogarty", "given": "Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2691-2476" }, { "id": "Pueyo-L", "name": { "family": "Pueyo", "given": "Laurent" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3818-408X" }, { "id": "Balasubramanian-K", "name": { "family": "Balasubramanian", "given": "Kunjithapatham" } } ] }, "title": "Numerically optimized coronagraph designs for the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission (HabEx) concept", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "HabEx, coronagraph, exoplanet, wavefront control, optimization", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe HabEx Concept design is pre-decisional information presented for planning and discussion purposes only. This work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\nPublished - 106980V.pdf
", "abstract": "The primary science goal of the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission (HabEx), one of four candidate flagship missions under investigation, is to image and spectrally characterize Earth-like exoplanets. It is well known that pupil obscurations degrade coronagraphic performance and complicate coronagraph design, so HabEx is planned to have an off-axis, unobscured primary mirror. We utilize the circular symmetry of the aperture to investigate 1D-radial coronagraph optimization methods that are prohibitively time-consuming or intractable in 2D, such as diffractive pupil remapping and concurrent, multi-plane optimization. We also directly constrain sensitivities to dynamic, low-order Zernike aberrations, which are separable in polar coordinates and can thus be propagated as 1D-radial integrals. The mask technologies in our designs claim heritage from the extensive modeling and testbed experiments performed by the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) project. In this paper, we detail our optimization methods and outline future work to complete our design survey.", "date": "2018-08-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106980V", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083716154", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083716154", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313843", "primary_object": { "basename": "106980V.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pzqqs-kf422/files/106980V.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Riggs, A. J. Eldorado; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ck8n-51e05", "eprint_id": 91554, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:00:26", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:15:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "Carl T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Sidick-E", "name": { "family": "Sidick", "given": "Erkin" } }, { "id": "Seo-Byoung-Joon", "name": { "family": "Seo", "given": "Byoung-Joon" } }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian" } }, { "id": "Marx-D-S", "name": { "family": "Marx", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "title": "Fast linearized coronagraph optimizer (FALCO) III: optimization of key coronagraph design parameters", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by the Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA.\n\nPublished - 1069851.pdf
", "abstract": "Deformable mirrors (DMs) are increasingly becoming part of nominal coronagraph designs, such as the hybrid Lyot coronagraph, in addition to their role counteracting optical aberrations. Previous studies have investigated the effects of the inter-DM Fresnel number on achievable contrast, throughput, and tip/tilt sensitivity for apodized coronagraphs augmented with DMs to suppress diffraction from struts and segment gaps. In this paper, we build upon that previous work by directly suppressing tip/tilt sensitivity with the controller, both for coronagraphs with and without apodizers. We also explore the effects of other important design parameters such as actuator density and tip/tilt controller weighting on performance. These comprehensive coronagraph design studies are enabled by the Fast Linearized Coronagraph Optimizer (FALCO) software toolbox, which provides rapid re-calculation of the DM response matrix for a variety of coronagraphs.", "date": "2018-08-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1069851", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083716382", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181207-083716382", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Postdoctoral Program" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313788", "primary_object": { "basename": "1069851.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ck8n-51e05/files/1069851.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Coker, Carl T.; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/74jre-h4r65", "eprint_id": 92051, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:29:15", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:24:12", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Xin-Yeyuan", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Yeyuan" } }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "Nikita" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques" } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } } ] }, "title": "Demonstration of a speckle nulling algorithm and Kalman filter estimator with a fiber injection unit for observing exoplanets with high-dispersion coronagraphy", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "vortex coronagraph, fiber injection unit, speckle nulling, Kalman filter, spectrograph, exoplanet characterization", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nhe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Caltech Student Faculty Program (SFP) office and the Jean Dixon SURF Fellowship.\n\nPublished - 107036Z.pdf
", "abstract": "High-dispersion coronagraphy (HDC) combines high contrast imaging techniques with high spectral resolution spectroscopy to observe exoplanets and determine characteristics such as chemical composition, temperature, and rotational velocities. It has been demonstrated in lab that with monochromatic light, a fiber injection unit (FIU), in which an optical fiber is used to couple to light from the exoplanet, could be used to direct exoplanet light to a high-resolution spectrograph, with robust performance and speckle suppression that exceeds conventional image-based speckle nulling. We now demonstrate in lab a FIU based speckle nulling scheme with a Kalman filter estimator. We currently find that speckle nulling with a Kalman filter is more stable and outperforms traditional speckle nulling by 10% in suppression in the presence of white detector noise.", "date": "2018-07-18", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 107036Z", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190103-153503823", "isbn": "9781510619593", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems VI", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190103-153503823", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF)" }, { "agency": "Jean Dixon SURF Fellowship" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "Schreiber-L", "name": { "family": "Schreiber", "given": "Laura" } }, { "id": "Schmidt-D", "name": { "family": "Schmidt", "given": "Dirk" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2312357", "primary_object": { "basename": "107036Z.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/74jre-h4r65/files/107036Z.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Xin, Yeyuan; Llop Sayson, Jorge; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6zg50-0bq85", "eprint_id": 98197, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:26:21", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:54:30", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J. R." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" } ] }, "title": "Optimizing optics and opto-mechanical mounting to minimize static aberrations in high-contrast instruments", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High Contrast Imaging, Instrumentation, Opto-Mechanical Systems", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was also supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 1070358.pdf
", "abstract": "One of the goals of high-contrast imaging is to reach contrasts of 10^(-10) at small inner working angles to directly image Earth-like exoplanets around solar-type stars. In most imaging systems, a deformable mirror (DM) in the pupil plane can correct for phase errors but surface errors in out-of-pupil optics get coupled into amplitude errors which can only be controlled with a second, out of pupil, DM. Furthermore, correcting static errors introduced by the optics can take up valuable DM stroke. Thus, minimizing the wavefront error within the system is critical to reaching high contrast levels. For example, the High Contrast Spectroscopy for Segmented Telescopes Testbed (HCST) in the Exoplanet Technologoy lab at Caltech aims to develop exoplanet imaging technologies down to small inner working angles (< 3\u03bb/D) which requires an RMS wavefront error of less than 10 nm per optic to achieve a contrast of 10^(\u22125) with the DM flattened. While aligning HCST, it was determined that despite the excellent surface quality of all the optics, the mounts were introducing significant wavefront errors. Here we assess the effect of mount-induced wavefront errors that can rapidly consume the wavefront budget of a high-contrast system. We also present the method used to mitigate this effect within HCST such that a mean contrast of 6 \u00d7 10^(-6) from 3-10\u03bb/D was achieved with a vortex coronagraph and flattened DM.", "date": "2018-07-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1070358", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190823-134014824", "isbn": "9781510619593", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems VI", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190823-134014824", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "Schreiber-L", "name": { "family": "Schreiber", "given": "Laura" } }, { "id": "Schmidt-D", "name": { "family": "Schmidt", "given": "Dirk" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313887", "primary_object": { "basename": "1070358.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6zg50-0bq85/files/1070358.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Echeverri, D.; Jovanovic, N.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tdnex-7aw95", "eprint_id": 88139, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:25:33", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 20:29:21", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zhang-Manxuan", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Manxuan" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207" }, { "id": "Jewell-Jeffrey-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. Kent" } } ] }, "title": "Characterization of microdot apodizers for imaging exoplanets with next-generation space telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nG. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 106985X.pdf
Submitted - 1807.06761.pdf
", "abstract": "A major science goal of future, large-aperture, optical space telescopes is to directly image and spectroscopically analyze reflected light from potentially habitable exoplanets. To accomplish this, the optical system must suppress diffracted light from the star to reveal point sources approximately ten orders of magnitude fainter than the host star at small angular separation. Coronagraphs with microdot apodizers achieve the theoretical performance needed to image Earth-like planets with a range of possible telescope designs, including those with obscured and segmented pupils. A test microdot apodizer with various bulk patterns (step functions, gradients, and sinusoids) and 4 different dot sizes (3 \u03bcm, 5 \u03bcm, 7 \u03bcm, and 10 \u03bcm) made of small chrome squares on anti-reflective glass was characterized with microscopy, optical laser interferometry, as well as transmission and reflectance measurements at wavelengths \u03bb=600 nm and \u03bb=800 nm. Microscopy revealed the microdots were fabricated to high precision. Results from laser interferometry showed that the phase shifts observed in reflection vary with the local microdot fill factor. This effect is not explained purely by interference between reflected fields from the chrome and glass portions. Transmission measurements showed that microdot fill factor and transmission were linearly related for dot sizes \u22655 \u03bcm. However, anomalously high transmittance was measured when the dot size is <5\u00d7 the wavelength (i.e. \u223c3 \u03bcm) and the fill factor is approximately 50%, where the microdot pattern becomes periodic. The transmission excess is not as prominent in the case of larger dot sizes suggesting that it is likely to be caused by the interaction between the incident field and electronic resonances in the surface of the metallic microdots. We used our empirical models of the microdot apodizers to optimize a second generation of reflective apodizer designs, specifically for demonstrating end-to-end instrumentation for planet characterization at Caltech's High Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST), and confirmed that the amplitude and phase of the reflected beam closely matches the ideal wavefront.", "date": "2018-07-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106985X", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-152238522", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-152238522", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Makenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2312831", "primary_object": { "basename": "106985X.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tdnex-7aw95/files/106985X.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1807.06761.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tdnex-7aw95/files/1807.06761.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Zhang, Manxuan; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8mkt8-fxz40", "eprint_id": 92164, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:25:43", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:25:19", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "Nikita" } }, { "id": "Xin-Yeyuan", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Yeyuan" } } ] }, "title": "Wavefront control for minimization of speckle coupling into a fiber injection unit based on the electric field conjugation algorithm", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, Wavefront control, Wavefront sensing, Fiber injection unit, Electric Field\nConjugation", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).\n\nPublished - 1070372.pdf
", "abstract": "A fiber injection unit situated in the focal plane behind a coronagraph feeding a high resolution spectrograph can be used to couple light from an exoplanet to obtain high resolution spectra with improved sensitivity. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the planet signal is limited by the coupling of starlight into the single mode fiber. To minimize this coupling, we need to apply a control loop on the stellar wavefront at the input of the fiber. We present here a wavefront control algorithm based on the formalism of the Electric Field Conjugation (EFC) controller that accounts for the effect of the fiber. The control output is the overlap integral of the electric field with the fundamental mode of a single mode fiber. This overlap integral is estimated by sending probes to a deformable mirror. We present results from simulations, and laboratory results obtained at the Caltech Exoplanet Technology Lab's transmissive testbed. We show that our approach offers a significant improvement in starlight suppression through the fiber relative to a conventional EFC controller. This new approach improves the contrast of a high contrast instrument and could be used in future missions.", "date": "2018-07-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 1070372", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190109-105316778", "isbn": "9781510619593", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems VI", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190109-105316778", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "Schreiber-L", "name": { "family": "Schreiber", "given": "Laura" } }, { "id": "Schmidt-D", "name": { "family": "Schmidt", "given": "Dirk" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313657", "primary_object": { "basename": "1070372.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8mkt8-fxz40/files/1070372.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Llop Sayson, Jorge; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bpbjn-f5j75", "eprint_id": 98186, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:23:23", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:54:09", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge D." } }, { "id": "Zhang-Manxuan-Rebecca", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Manxuan (Rebecca)" } }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. Eldorado" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "James K." } } ] }, "title": "Laboratory testing of coronagraphs for future space telescopes on the Caltech high contrast spectroscopy testbed for segmented telescopes (HCST) (Conference Presentation)", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).", "abstract": "Imaging Earth-like exoplanets with future space telescopes will require a coronagraph instrument that is capable of creating a dark zone in the starlight at the image plane that is ten orders of magnitude fainter than the off-axis image of the host star. What is more, the coronagraph must simultaneously provide a stable dark zone and high throughput over the angular separations that correspond to habitable zones around nearby Sun-like stars (~10-100 milliarcseconds). Since the pupils of most large-aperture space telescope architectures are likely to be obstructed by secondary mirrors, spider support structures, and gaps between mirror segments, the coronagraph optics must also be specially tailored to passively suppress starlight diffracted from the obstructions and discontinuities in the telescope pupil. Here, we demonstrate an apodized vortex coronagraph optimized for an off-axis segmented telescope on the new High Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST) at Caltech. The coronagraph consists of a microdot apodizer, a liquid crystal vortex phase mask in the focal plane, and a Lyot stop. The microdot apodizer is an AR-coated glass window with 10um gold microdots to be used in reflection around lambda=800nm. We describe the HCST optical system; the apodizer optimization, fabrication, and metrology procedures; and present end-to-end testbed results of the coronagraph coupled with a 32x32 Boston Micromachines deformable mirror for wavefront control. We aim to achieve a dark zone 10^(-7) times fainter than the simulated host star over a wavelength range of 800\u00b140nm in Spring 2018. Finally, we will outline future plans to demonstrate coronagraph concepts for centrally obscured telescopes.", "date": "2018-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 106981F", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190823-134013721", "isbn": "9781510619494", "book_title": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190823-134013721", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Lystrup-M", "name": { "family": "Lystrup", "given": "Mackenzie" } }, { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "Giovanni G." } }, { "id": "Batalha-N-M", "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natalie" } }, { "id": "Siegler-N", "name": { "family": "Siegler", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tong-Edward-C", "name": { "family": "Tong", "given": "Edward C." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2312851", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ee8v2-k3z41", "eprint_id": 91338, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:22:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:13:53", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Snik-F", "name": { "family": "Snik", "given": "Frans" } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" } ] }, "title": "Review of high-contrast imaging systems for current and future ground-based and space-based telescopes III: technology opportunities and pathways", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, Exoplanets, Technology", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the Lorentz Center for hosting and to a large extend funding the Optimal Optical Coronagraph workshop in Leiden 2017. Additional funding for the workshop was provided by the European Research Council under ERC Starting Grant agreement 678194 (FALCONER) granted to Frans Snik. This formed the platform where this work was carried out.\n\nPublished - 107062L.pdf
Submitted - 1807.07100.pdf
", "abstract": "The Optimal Optical CoronagraphWorkshop at the Lorentz Center in September 2017 in Leiden, the Netherlands gathered a diverse group of 30 researchers working on exoplanet instrumentation to stimulate the emergence and sharing of new ideas. This contribution is the final part of a series of three papers summarizing the outcomes of the workshop, and presents an overview of novel optical technologies and systems that are implemented or considered for high-contrast imaging instruments on both ground-based and space telescopes. The overall objective of high contrast instruments is to provide direct observations and characterizations of exoplanets at contrast levels as extreme as 10^(-10). We list shortcomings of current technologies, and identify opportunities and development paths for new technologies that enable quantum leaps in performance. Specifically, we discuss the design and manufacturing of key components like advanced deformable mirrors and coronagraphic optics, and their amalgamation in \"adaptive coronagraph\" systems. Moreover, we discuss highly integrated system designs that combine contrast-enhancing techniques and characterization techniques (like high-resolution spectroscopy) while minimizing the overall complexity. Finally, we explore extreme implementations using all-photonics solutions for ground-based telescopes and dedicated huge apertures for space telescopes.", "date": "2018-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 107062L", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181129-144758627", "isbn": "9781510619654", "book_title": "Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation III", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181129-144758627", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "678194" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Navarro-R", "name": { "family": "Navarro", "given": "Ram\u00f3n" } }, { "id": "Geyl-R", "name": { "family": "Geyl", "given": "Roland" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313957", "primary_object": { "basename": "107062L.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ee8v2-k3z41/files/107062L.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1807.07100.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ee8v2-k3z41/files/1807.07100.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Snik, Frans; Jovanovic, Nemanja; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ycftf-hfn52", "eprint_id": 91398, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:22:22", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:14:31", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" } ] }, "title": "Review of high-contrast imaging systems for current and future ground-based and space-based telescopes: Part II. Common path wavefront sensing/control and coherent differential imaging", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Wavefront sensing, common path wavefront sensing, coherent differential imaging, high contrast imaging, exoplanets", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the Lorentz Center for hosting and to a large extend funding the Optimal Optical Coronagraph workshop in Leiden 2017. Additional funding for the workshop was provided by the European Research Council under ERC Starting Grant agreement 678194 (FALCONER) granted to Frans Snik. This formed the platform where this work was carried out.\n\nPublished - 107031U.pdf
Submitted - 1807.07043.pdf
", "abstract": "The Optimal Optical Coronagraph (OOC) Workshop held at the Lorentz Center in September 2017 in Leiden, the Netherlands, gathered a diverse group of 25 researchers working on exoplanet instrumentation to stimulate the emergence and sharing of new ideas. In this second installment of a series of three papers summarizing the outcomes of the OOC workshop, we present an overview of common path wavefront sensing/control and Coherent Differential Imaging techniques, highlight the latest results, and expose their relative strengths and weaknesses. We layout critical milestones for the field with the aim of enhancing future ground/space based high contrast imaging platforms. Techniques like these will help to bridge the daunting contrast gap required to image a terrestrial planet in the zone where it can retain liquid water, in reflected light around a G type star from space.", "date": "2018-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 107031U", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181203-104212029", "isbn": "9781510619593", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems VI", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181203-104212029", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "678194" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "Schreiber-L", "name": { "family": "Schreiber", "given": "Laura" } }, { "id": "Schmidt-D", "name": { "family": "Schmidt", "given": "Dirk" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2314260", "primary_object": { "basename": "107031U.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ycftf-hfn52/files/107031U.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1807.07043.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ycftf-hfn52/files/1807.07043.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Jovanovic, Nemanja; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7ccz1-1xq59", "eprint_id": 88138, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:18:11", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 20:29:19", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J. R." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Coker-C-T", "name": { "family": "Coker", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9954-7887" }, { "id": "Delacroix-A", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Levraud-N", "name": { "family": "Levraud", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Riddle-R-L", "name": { "family": "Riddle", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0387-370X" }, { "id": "Millar-Blanchaer-M-A", "name": { "family": "Millar-Blanchaer", "given": "M. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233" } ] }, "title": "High-contrast spectroscopy testbed for Segmented Telescopes: instrument overview and development progress", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Wavefront sensing, common path wavefront sensing, coherent differential imaging, high contrast imaging, exoplanets", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).\n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was also supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 107024E.pdf
Submitted - 1807.07020.pdf
", "abstract": "The High Contrast spectroscopy testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST) is being developed at Caltech. It aims at addressing the technology gap for future exoplanet imagers and providing the U.S. community with an academic facility to test components and techniques for high contrast imaging, focusing on segmented apertures proposed for future ground-based (TMT, ELT) and space-based telescopes (HabEx, LUVOIR). We present an overview of the design of the instrument and a detailed look at the testbed build and initial alignment. We offer insights into stumbling blocks encountered along the path and show that the testbed is now operational and open for business. We aim to use the testbed in the future for testing of high contrast imaging techniques and technologies with amongst with thing, a TMT-like pupil.", "date": "2018-07-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 107024E", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-151740832", "isbn": "9781510619579", "book_title": "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180723-151740832", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Evans-C-J", "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Christopher J." } }, { "id": "Simard-L", "name": { "family": "Simard", "given": "Luc" } }, { "id": "Takami-Hideki", "name": { "family": "Takami", "given": "Hideki" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2314325", "primary_object": { "basename": "107024E.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7ccz1-1xq59/files/107024E.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1807.07020.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7ccz1-1xq59/files/1807.07020.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Jovanovic, N.; Ruane, G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5jpb-h5t97", "eprint_id": 92119, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:16:04", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:24:38", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "K\u00e4ufl-H-U", "name": { "family": "K\u00e4ufl", "given": "Hans-Ulrich" } }, { "id": "Kasper-M", "name": { "family": "Kasper", "given": "Markus" } }, { "id": "Arsenault-R", "name": { "family": "Arsenault", "given": "Robin" } }, { "id": "Jakob-G", "name": { "family": "Jakob", "given": "Gerd" } }, { "id": "Leveratto-S", "name": { "family": "Leveratto", "given": "Serban" } }, { "id": "Zins-G", "name": { "family": "Zins", "given": "G\u00e9rard" } }, { "id": "Fuenteseca-E", "name": { "family": "Fuenteseca", "given": "Eloy" } }, { "id": "Riquelme-M", "name": { "family": "Riquelme", "given": "Miguel" } }, { "id": "Siebenmorgen-R", "name": { "family": "Siebenmorgen", "given": "Ralf" } }, { "id": "Sterzik-M", "name": { "family": "Sterzik", "given": "Michael" } }, { "id": "Ageorges-N", "name": { "family": "Ageorges", "given": "Nancy" } }, { "id": "Gutruf-S", "name": { "family": "Gutruf", "given": "Sven" } }, { "id": "Kampf-D", "name": { "family": "Kampf", "given": "Dirk" } }, { "id": "Reutlinger-A", "name": { "family": "Reutlinger", "given": "Arnd" } }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Carlomagno-B", "name": { "family": "Carlomagno", "given": "Brunella" } }, { "id": "Guyon-O", "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1097-9908" }, { "id": "Klupar-P", "name": { "family": "Klupar", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Karlsson-M", "name": { "family": "Karlsson", "given": "Mikael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2011-0851" }, { "id": "Pantin-E", "name": { "family": "Pantin", "given": "Eric" } }, { "id": "Dohlen-K", "name": { "family": "Dohlen", "given": "Kjetil" } } ] }, "title": "NEAR: New Earths in the Alpha Cen Region (bringing VISIR as a \"visiting instrument\" to ESO-VLT-UT4)", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "exo-Earth, alpha-Cen, habitable zone, coronagraphy, apodization, extreme AO, thermal infrared", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).\n\nThis project was only possible with the enthusiastic support of many staff at ESO, but also in the community.\nOf particular importance is a grant by the Breakthrough Initiatives and the generous offer of DDT by ESO's\nDirector General.\n\nPublished - 107020D.pdf
", "abstract": "By adding a dedicated coronagraph, ESO in collaboration with the Breakthrough Initiatives, modifies the Very Large Telescope mid-IR imager (VISIR) to further boost the high dynamic range imaging capability this instru- ment has. After the VISIR upgrade in 2012, where coronagraphic masks were first added to VISIR, it became evident that coronagraphy at a ground-based 8m-class telescope critically needs adaptive optics, even at wavelengths as long as 10\u03bcm. For VISIR, a work-horse observatory facility instrument in normal operations, this is \"easiest\" achieved by bringing VISIR as a visiting instrument to the ESO-VLT-UT4 having an adaptive M2. This \"visit\" enables a meaningful search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone around both \u03b1-Cen1,2. Meaningful here means, achieving a contrast of \u2248 10^(-6) within \u2248 0.8arcsec from the star while maintaining basically the normal sensitivity of VISIR. This should allow to detect a planet twice the diameter of Earth. Key components will be a diffractive coronagraphic mask, the annular groove phase mask (AGPM), optimized for the most sensitive spectral band-pass in the N-band, complemented by a sophisticated apodizer at the level of the Lyot stop. For VISIR noise filtering based on fast chopping is required. A novel internal chopper system will be integrated into the cryostat. This chopper is based on the standard technique from early radio astronomy, conceived by the microwave pioneer Robert Dicke in 1946, which was instrumental for the discovery of the 3K radio background.", "date": "2018-07-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 107020D", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190107-142202163", "isbn": "9781510619579", "book_title": "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190107-142202163", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Evans-C-J", "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Christopher J." } }, { "id": "Simard-L", "name": { "family": "Simard", "given": "Luc" } }, { "id": "Takami-Hideki", "name": { "family": "Takami", "given": "Hideki" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2313395", "primary_object": { "basename": "107020D.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5jpb-h5t97/files/107020D.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "K\u00e4ufl, Hans-Ulrich; Kasper, Markus; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5sccq-1tw24", "eprint_id": 85757, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:02:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 18:45:44", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Reggiani-M", "name": { "family": "Reggiani", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2911-0898" }, { "id": "Christiaens-V", "name": { "family": "Christiaens", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0101-8814" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "C. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Femenia-B", "name": { "family": "Femenia", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "K." } }, { "id": "Barraza-M", "name": { "family": "Barraza", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9994-4284" }, { "id": "Carlomagno-B", "name": { "family": "Carlomagno", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Defr\u00e8re-D", "name": { "family": "Defr\u00e8re", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3499-2506" }, { "id": "Delacroix-C", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Habraken-S", "name": { "family": "Habraken", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Jolivet-A", "name": { "family": "Jolivet", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Karlsson-M", "name": { "family": "Karlsson", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2011-0851" }, { "id": "Orban-de-Xivry-G", "name": { "family": "Orban de Xivry", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4790-415X" }, { "id": "Piron-P", "name": { "family": "Piron", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "Surdej-J", "name": { "family": "Surdej", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7005-1976" }, { "id": "Vargas-Catal\u00e1n-E", "name": { "family": "Vargas Catal\u00e1n", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Wertz-O", "name": { "family": "Wertz", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3849-2285" } ] }, "title": "Discovery of a point-like source and a third spiral arm in the transition disk around the Herbig Ae star MWC 758", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "protoplanetary disks / planet-disk interactions / stars: pre-main sequence / stars: individual: MWC 758 (HD 36112)", "note": "\u00a9 ESO 2018. \n\nReceived 29 September 2017 / Accepted 30 November 2017.\n\nWe would like to acknowledge the anonymous referee for the helpful comments. We thank Simon Casassus and Sebasti\u00e1n Perez for fruitful discussions on the spiral arms, and Farzana Meru for useful insights on disk cavities. This research was founded by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ERC Grant Agreement n. 337569) and by the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action. V.C. acknowledges support from CONICYT through CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2016-21161112, and from the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grant RC130007. G.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. E.C. acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51355 awarded by STScI, operated by AURA Inc. for NASA under contract NAS5-2655. This work used data reprocessed as part of the ALICE program, which was supported by NASA through grant HST-AR-12652, HST-GO-11136, HST-GO-13855, HST-GO-1331, and STScI Director's Discretionary Research Funds. The W. M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.\n\nPublished - aa32016-17.pdf
", "abstract": "Context. Transition disks offer the extraordinary opportunity to look for newly born planets and to investigate the early stages of planet formation. \n\nAim. In this context we observed the Herbig A5 star MWC 758 with the L\u2032-band vector vortex coronagraph installed in the near-infrared camera and spectrograph NIRC2 at the Keck II telescope, with the aim of unveiling the nature of the spiral structure by constraining the presence of planetary companions in the system. \n\nMethods. Our high-contrast imaging observations show a bright (\u0394L\u2032 = 7.0 \u00b1 0.3 mag) point-like emission south of MWC 758 at a deprojected separation of ~20 au (r = 0.\u2032\u2032111 \u00b1 0.\u2032\u2032004) from the central star. We also recover the two spiral arms (southeast and northwest), already imaged by previous studies in polarized light, and discover a third arm to the southwest of the star. No additional companions were detected in the system down to 5 Jupiter masses beyond 0.\u2032\u20326 from the star. \n\nResults. We propose that the bright L\u2032-band emission could be caused by the presence of an embedded and accreting protoplanet, although the possibility of it being an asymmetric disk feature cannot be excluded. The spiral structure is probably not related to the protoplanet candidate, unless on an inclined and eccentric orbit, and it could be due to one (or more) yet undetected planetary companions at the edge of or outside the spiral pattern. Future observations and additional simulations will be needed to shed light on the true nature of the point-like source and its link with the spiral arms.", "date": "2018-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomy & Astrophysics", "volume": "611", "publisher": "EDP Sciences", "pagerange": "Art. No. A74", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180411-114500404", "issn": "0004-6361", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180411-114500404", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Belgique - Actions de recherche concert\u00e9e" }, { "agency": "Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica (CONICYT)", "grant_number": "2016-21161112" }, { "agency": "Iniciativa Cient\u00edfica Milenio", "grant_number": "RC130007" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HST-HF2-51355" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-AR-12652" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-11136" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-13855" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "HST-GO-1331" }, { "agency": "Space Telescope Science Institute" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/201732016", "primary_object": { "basename": "aa32016-17.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5sccq-1tw24/files/aa32016-17.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Reggiani, M.; Christiaens, V.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1se8z-kch33", "eprint_id": 87166, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:26:52", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 20:15:09", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J. R." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "N. S." } }, { "id": "Llop-Sayson-J-D", "name": { "family": "Llop Sayson", "given": "J. D." } }, { "id": "Zhang-R", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Xin-Yeyuan", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Y." } }, { "id": "Riddle-R-L", "name": { "family": "Riddle", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0387-370X" }, { "id": "Dekany-R-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao-Jerry", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Randolph-M", "name": { "family": "Randolph", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Vasisht-G", "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" } ] }, "title": "High-contrast spectroscopy testbed for segmented telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Instrumentation, Testbed, Segmented Telescopes Simulator, High contrast imaging, Wavefront\ncontrol, High Spectral Resolution, High Dispersion Coronagraphy", "note": "\u00a9 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was also supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA. Finally, we would like to thank Rowan Swain for proofreading the manuscript.\n\nPublished - 104000X.pdf
", "abstract": "The High Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST) at Caltech is aimed at filling gaps in technology for future exoplanet imagers and providing the U.S. community with an academic facility to test components and techniques for high contrast imaging with future segmented ground-based telescope (TMT, E-ELT) and space-based telescopes (HabEx, LUVOIR). The HCST will be able to simulate segmented telescope geometries up to 1021 hexagonal segments and time-varying external wavefront disturbances. It also contains a wavefront corrector module based on two deformable mirrors followed by a classical 3-plane single-stage corona- graph (entrance apodizer, focal-plane mask, Lyot stop) and a science instrument. The back-end instrument will consist of an imaging detector and a high-resolution spectrograph, which is a unique feature of the HCST. The spectrograph instrument will utilize spectral information to characterize simulated planets at the photon-noise limit, measure the chromaticity of new optimized coronagraph and wavefront control concepts, and test the overall scientific functions of high-resolution spectrographs on future segmented telescopes.", "date": "2018-01-22", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 104000X", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180615-144222840", "isbn": "9781510612570", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets VIII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180615-144222840", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2274893", "primary_object": { "basename": "104000X.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1se8z-kch33/files/104000X.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Delorme, J. R.; Mawet, D.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n1v9w-fp087", "eprint_id": 84107, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 22:30:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:41:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jensen-Clem-R-M", "name": { "family": "Jensen-Clem", "given": "Rebecca" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0054-2953" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "Carlos A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Belikov-R", "name": { "family": "Belikov", "given": "Ruslan" } }, { "id": "Currie-T", "name": { "family": "Currie", "given": "Thayne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7405-3119" }, { "id": "Kenworthy-M-A", "name": { "family": "Kenworthy", "given": "Matthew A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-8270" }, { "id": "Marois-C", "name": { "family": "Marois", "given": "Christian" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4164-4182" }, { "id": "Mazoyer-J", "name": { "family": "Mazoyer", "given": "Johan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9133-3091" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Tanner-A-M", "name": { "family": "Tanner", "given": "Angelle" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2903-2140" }, { "id": "Cantalloube-F", "name": { "family": "Cantalloube", "given": "Faustine" } } ] }, "title": "A New Standard for Assessing the Performance of High Contrast Imaging Systems", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "methods: statistical; techniques: high angular resolution", "note": "\u00a9 2017. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2017 February 12; revised 2017 October 31; accepted 2017 October 31; published 2017 December 15. \n\nThis work has been supported by the Keck Institute for Space Studies and the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program Study Analysis Group #19: Exoplanet Imaging Signal Detection Theory and Rigorous Contrast Metrics. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE-1144469. G.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. C.G.G. and O.A. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council Under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ERC Grant Agreement No. 337569) and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action. \n\nSoftware: Vortex Image Processing (Gomez Gonzalez et al. 2017).\n\nPublished - Jensen-Clem_2018_AJ_155_19.pdf
Submitted - 1711.01215.pdf
", "abstract": "As planning for the next generation of high contrast imaging instruments (e.g., WFIRST, HabEx, and LUVOIR, TMT-PFI, EELT-EPICS) matures and second-generation ground-based extreme adaptive optics facilities (e.g., VLT-SPHERE, Gemini-GPI) finish their principal surveys, it is imperative that the performance of different designs, post-processing algorithms, observing strategies, and survey results be compared in a consistent, statistically robust framework. In this paper, we argue that the current industry standard for such comparisons\u2014the contrast curve\u2014falls short of this mandate. We propose a new figure of merit, the \"performance map,\" that incorporates three fundamental concepts in signal detection theory: the true positive fraction, the false positive fraction, and the detection threshold. By supplying a theoretical basis and recipe for generating the performance map, we hope to encourage the widespread adoption of this new metric across subfields in exoplanet imaging.", "date": "2018-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "155", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 19", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180104-153536985", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180104-153536985", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" }, { "agency": "NSF Graduate Research Fellowship", "grant_number": "DGE-1144469" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Belgique \u2013 Actions de recherche concert\u00e9es \u2013 Acad\u00e9mie universitaire Wallonie-Europe" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aa97e4", "primary_object": { "basename": "Jensen-Clem_2018_AJ_155_19.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n1v9w-fp087/files/Jensen-Clem_2018_AJ_155_19.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1711.01215.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n1v9w-fp087/files/1711.01215.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Jensen-Clem, Rebecca; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2v24g-6sc28", "eprint_id": 86915, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 22:32:10", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 20:41:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Jewell-J-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "title": "Vortex coronagraphs for the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission concept: theoretical performance and telescope requirements", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation; exoplanets; direct detection; coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. \n\nPaper 17093P received Nov. 14, 2017; accepted for publication Mar. 9, 2018; published online Mar. 28, 2018. \n\nWe thank the HabEx Coronagraph Technology Working Group (CTWG) for useful discussions. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 015004.pdf
", "abstract": "The Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission concept requires an optical coronagraph that provides deep starlight suppression over a broad spectral bandwidth, high throughput for point sources at small angular separation, and insensitivity to temporally varying, low-order aberrations. Vortex coronagraphs are a promising solution that performs optimally on off-axis, monolithic telescopes and may also be designed for segmented telescopes with minor losses in performance. We describe the key advantages of vortex coronagraphs on off-axis telescopes such as (1) unwanted diffraction due to aberrations is passively rejected in several low-order Zernike modes relaxing the wavefront stability requirements for imaging Earth-like planets from <10 to <100\u2009\u2009pm\u2009rms, (2) stars with angular diameters <0.1\u2009\u03bb\u2009\u2009/\u2009\u2009D may be sufficiently suppressed, (3) the absolute planet throughput is <10\u2009\u2009%\u2009\u2009, even for unfavorable telescope architectures, and (4) broadband solutions (\u0394\u03bb\u2009\u2009/\u2009\u2009\u03bb\u2009\u2009<\u2009\u20090.1) are readily available for both monolithic and segmented apertures. The latter make use of grayscale apodizers in an upstream pupil plane to provide suppression of diffracted light from amplitude discontinuities in the telescope pupil without inducing additional stroke on the deformable mirrors. We set wavefront stability requirements on the telescope, based on a stellar irradiance threshold set at an angular separation of 3\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u20090.5\u03bb\u2009\u2009/\u2009\u2009D from the star, and discuss how some requirements may be relaxed by trading robustness to aberrations for planet throughput.", "date": "2018-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems", "volume": "4", "number": "1", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "pagerange": "Art. No. 015004", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180608-102446089", "issn": "2329-4124", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180608-102446089", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/1.JATIS.4.1.015004", "primary_object": { "basename": "015004.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2v24g-6sc28/files/015004.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d304f-dbb04", "eprint_id": 84865, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:07:31", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 19:31:11", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jewell-J-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Redding-D-C", "name": { "family": "Redding", "given": "Dave" } } ] }, "title": "Optimization of coronagraph design for segmented aperture telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "vortex coronagraph, optimization, deformable mirrors, apodization", "note": "\u00a9 2017 SPIE. \n\nWe thank Matthew Bolcar (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) for providing the aperture for the LUVOIR architecture 'A' design used in this paper. This work was partially performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration. Government sponsorship acknowledged.\n\nPublished - 104000H.pdf
", "abstract": "The goal of directly imaging Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of other stars has motivated the design of coronagraphs for use with large segmented aperture space telescopes. In order to achieve an optimal trade-off between planet light throughput and diffracted starlight suppression, we consider coronagraphs comprised of a stage of phase control implemented with deformable mirrors (or other optical elements), pupil plane apodization masks (gray scale or complex valued), and focal plane masks (either amplitude only or complex-valued, including phase only such as the vector vortex coronagraph). The optimization of these optical elements, with the goal of achieving 10 or more orders of magnitude in the suppression of on-axis (starlight) diffracted light, represents a challenging non-convex optimization problem with a nonlinear dependence on control degrees of freedom. We develop a new algorithmic approach to the design optimization problem, which we call the \"Auxiliary Field Optimization\" (AFO) algorithm. The central idea of the algorithm is to embed the original optimization problem, for either phase or amplitude (apodization) in various planes of the coronagraph, into a problem containing additional degrees of freedom, specifically fictitious \"auxiliary\" electric fields which serve as targets to inform the variation of our phase or amplitude parameters leading to good feasible designs. We present the algorithm, discuss details of its numerical implementation, and prove convergence to local minima of the objective function (here taken to be the intensity of the on-axis source in a \"dark hole\" region in the science focal plane). Finally, we present results showing application of the algorithm to both unobscured off-axis and obscured on-axis segmented telescope aperture designs. The application of the AFO algorithm to the coronagraph design problem has produced solutions which are capable of directly imaging planets in the habitable zone, provided end-to-end telescope system stability requirements can be met. Ongoing work includes advances of the AFO algorithm reported here to design in additional robustness to a resolved star, and other phase or amplitude aberrations to be encountered in a real segmented aperture space telescope.", "date": "2017-09-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-092345021", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-092345021", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2274574", "primary_object": { "basename": "104000H.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d304f-dbb04/files/104000H.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Jewell, Jeffrey; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/96g2w-dj255", "eprint_id": 83928, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:07:26", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 19:15:26", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pueyo-L", "name": { "family": "Pueyo", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3818-408X" }, { "id": "Zimmermann-N", "name": { "family": "Zimmermann", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Bolcar-M", "name": { "family": "Bolcar", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Groff-T-D", "name": { "family": "Groff", "given": "T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5978-3247" }, { "id": "Stark-C-C", "name": { "family": "Stark", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jewell-J-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Soummer-R", "name": { "family": "Soummer", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2753-2819" }, { "id": "St-Laurent-K", "name": { "family": "St. Laurent", "given": "K." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Redding-D-C", "name": { "family": "Redding", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Mazoyer-J", "name": { "family": "Mazoyer", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9133-3091" }, { "id": "Fogarty-K", "name": { "family": "Fogarty", "given": "K." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2691-2476" }, { "id": "Juanola-Parramon-R", "name": { "family": "Juanola-Parramon", "given": "Roser" } }, { "id": "Domagal-Goldman-S-D", "name": { "family": "Domagal-Goldman", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0354-9325" }, { "id": "Roberge-A", "name": { "family": "Roberge", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Guyon-O", "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1097-9908" }, { "id": "Mandell-A-M", "name": { "family": "Mandell", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8119-3355" } ] }, "title": "The LUVOIR architecture \"A\" coronagraph instrument", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "planetary systems - techniques: coronagraphy, wavefront control", "note": "\u00a9 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThis material is based upon work carried out under subcontracts No.1496556 and No. 1539872 with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory funded by NASA and administered by the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 103980F.pdf
", "abstract": "In preparation for the Astro 2020 Decadal Survey NASA has commissioned the study four flagship missions spanning to a wide range of observable wavelengths: the Origins Space Telescope (OST, formerly the Far-Infrared Surveyor), Lynx (formerly the X-ray Surveyor), the Large UV/Optical/Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR) and the Habitable Exoplanet Imager (HabEx). One of the key scientific objectives of the latter two is the detection and characterization of the earth-like planets around nearby stars using the direct imaging technique (along with a broad range of investigations regarding the architecture of and atmospheric composition exoplanetary systems using this technique). As a consequence dedicated exoplanet instruments are being studied for these mission concepts. This paper discusses the design of the coronagraph instrument for the architecture \"A\" (15 meters aperture) of LUVOIR. The material presented in this paper is aimed at providing an overview of the LUVOIR coronagraph instrument. It is the result of four months of discussions with various community stakeholders (scientists and technologists) regarding the instrument's basic parameters followed by meticulous design work by the the GSFC Instrument Design Laboratory team. In the first section we review the main science drivers, presents the overall parameters of the instrument (general architecture and backend instrument) and delve into the details of the currently envisioned coronagraph masks along with a description of the wavefront control architecture. Throughout the manuscript we describe the trades we made during the design process. Because the vocation of this study is to provide a baseline design for the most ambitious earth-like finding instrument that could be possibly launched into the 2030's, we have designed an complex system privileged that meets the ambitious science goals out team was chartered by the LUVOIR STDT exoplanet Working Group. However in an effort to minimize technological risk we tried to maximize the number of technologies that will be matured by the WFIRST coronagraph instruments.", "date": "2017-09-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 103980F", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20171214-145308990", "isbn": "9781510612532", "book_title": "UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes and Instruments: Innovative Technologies and Concepts VIII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171214-145308990", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech", "grant_number": "1496556" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech", "grant_number": "1539872" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "MacEwen-H-A", "name": { "family": "MacEwen", "given": "Howard A." } }, { "id": "Breckinridge-J-B", "name": { "family": "Breckinridge", "given": "James B." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2274654", "primary_object": { "basename": "103980F.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/96g2w-dj255/files/103980F.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Pueyo, L.; Zimmermann, N.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7f1w5-32072", "eprint_id": 84862, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:01:37", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 19:31:05", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J. R." } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Bartos-R-D", "name": { "family": "Bartos", "given": "R. D." } }, { "id": "Wizinowich-P-L", "name": { "family": "Wizinowich", "given": "P. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X" }, { "id": "Fitzgerald-M-P", "name": { "family": "Fitzgerald", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973" }, { "id": "Lilley-S", "name": { "family": "Lilley", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Xin-Yeyuan", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Y." } } ] }, "title": "A fiber injection unit for the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC)", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Adaptive Optics, High contrast imaging, High resolution spectroscopy, Exoplanet characterization, Doppler imaging", "note": "\u00a9 2017 SPIE.\n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation. This work was partially carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Finally, we would like to thank Rowan Swain for proofreading the manuscript.\n\nPublished - 1040029.pdf
", "abstract": "Coupling a high-contrast imaging instrument to a high-resolution spectrograph has the potential to enable the most detailed characterization of exoplanet atmospheres, including spin measurements and Doppler mapping. The high-contrast imaging system serves as a spatial filter to separate the light from the star and the planet while the high-resolution spectrograph acts as a spectral filter, which differentiates between features in the stellar and planetary spectra. The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) located downstream from the current W. M. Keck II adaptive optics (AO) system will contain a fiber injection unit (FIU) combining a high-contrast imaging system and a fiber feed to Keck's high resolution infrared spectrograph NIRSPEC. Resolved thermal emission from known young giant exoplanets will be injected into a single-mode fiber linked to NIRSPEC, thereby allowing the spectral characterization of their atmospheres. Moreover, the resolution of NIRSPEC (R = 37,500) is high enough to enable spin measurements and Doppler imaging of atmospheric weather phenomenon. The module will be integrated and tested at Caltech before being transferred to Keck in 2018.", "date": "2017-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-085457592", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-085457592", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2274891", "primary_object": { "basename": "1040029.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7f1w5-32072/files/1040029.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Mawet, D.; Delorme, J. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/51ncn-fmp90", "eprint_id": 84870, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:01:58", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 19:31:15", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "Nikita S." } }, { "id": "Hu-Renyu", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "Renyu" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2215-8485" } ] }, "title": "Baseline requirements for detecting biosignatures with the HabEx and LUVOIR mission concepts", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "HabEx, LUVOIR, Biosignature, Life, High Dispersion Coronagraphy", "note": "\u00a9 2017 SPIE. \n\nWe would like to thank Rowan Swain for proofreading the manuscript.\n\nPublished - 104000Z.pdf
Submitted - 1806.04324.pdf
", "abstract": "A milestone in understanding life in the universe is the detection of biosignature gases in the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets. Future mission concepts under study by the 2020 decadal survey, e.g., HabEx and LUVOIR, have the potential of achieving this goal. We investigate the baseline requirements for detecting four molecular species, H_2O, O_2, CH_4, and CO_2. These molecules are highly relevant to habitability and life activity on Earth and other planets. Through numerical simulations, we find the minimum requirement for spectral resolution (R) and starlight suppression level (C) for a given exposure time. We consider scenarios in which different molecules are detected. For example, R = 6400 (400) and C = 5 \u00d7 10^(\u221210) (2 \u00d7 10^(\u22129)) are required for HabEx (LUVOIR) to detect O_2 and H_2O for an exposure time of 400 hours for an Earth analog around a solar-type star at a distance of 5 pc. The full results are given in Table 2. The impact of exo-zodiacal contamination and thermal background is also discussed.", "date": "2017-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 104000Z", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-134344780", "isbn": "9781510612570", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets VIII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-134344780", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2275222", "primary_object": { "basename": "104000Z.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/51ncn-fmp90/files/104000Z.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1806.04324.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/51ncn-fmp90/files/1806.04324.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Wang, Ji; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yffrx-dxb75", "eprint_id": 82070, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:01:16", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 05:39:38", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Jewell-Jeffrey-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "title": "Performance and sensitivity of vortex coronagraphs on segmented space telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2017 SPIE. \n\nWe thank Matthew Bolcar (NASA GSFC) for providing information regarding the LUVOIR telescope concept as well as Laurent Pueyo (STScI) and Kevin Fogarty (JHU) for fruitful discussion regarding optimal vortex coronagraph designs. G. Ruane is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. This work was supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA.\n\nPublished - 104000J.pdf
Submitted - 1708.05787.pdf
", "abstract": "The detection of molecular species in the atmospheres of earth-like exoplanets orbiting nearby stars requires an optical system that suppresses starlight and maximizes the sensitivity to the weak planet signals at small angular separations. Achieving sufficient contrast performance on a segmented aperture space telescope is particularly challenging due to unwanted diffraction within the telescope from amplitude and phase discontinuities in the pupil. Apodized vortex coronagraphs are a promising solution that theoretically meet the performance needs for high contrast imaging with future segmented space telescopes. We investigate the sensitivity of apodized vortex coronagraphs to the expected aberrations, including segment co-phasing errors in piston and tip/tilt as well as other low-order and mid-spatial frequency aberrations. Coronagraph designs and their associated telescope requirements are identified for conceptual HabEx and LUVOIR telescope designs.", "date": "2017-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 104000J", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20171004-141719560", "isbn": "9781510612570", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets VIII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171004-141719560", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2274508", "primary_object": { "basename": "104000J.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yffrx-dxb75/files/104000J.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1708.05787.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yffrx-dxb75/files/1708.05787.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/atsgj-5cv40", "eprint_id": 84869, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:01:52", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 19:31:13", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Xin-Yinzi", "name": { "family": "Xin", "given": "Y." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "J.-R." } }, { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao-Jerry", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137" }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Randolph-M", "name": { "family": "Randolph", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Vasisht-G", "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Dekany-R-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "E." } } ] }, "title": "Utilizing active single-mode fiber injection for speckle nulling in exoplanet characterization", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "vortex coronagraph, fiber injection unit, speckle nulling, broadband, spectrograph, exoplanet characterization, instrumentation", "note": "\u00a9 2017 SPIE. \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation.\n\nPublished - 104000Y.pdf
", "abstract": "Despite recent advances in high-contrast imaging techniques, high resolution spectroscopy for characterization of exoplanet atmospheres is still limited by our ability to suppress residual starlight speckles at the planet's location. We have demonstrated a new concept for speckle nulling by injecting directly imaged planet light into a single-mode fiber, linking a high-contrast adaptively-corrected coronagraph to a high-resolution spectrograph (diffraction-limited or not). The restrictions on the incident electric field that will couple into the single-mode fiber give the adaptive optics system additional degrees of freedom to suppress the speckle noise on top of destructive interference. We are able to achieve a starlight suppression gains that are an order of magnitude better than conventional techniques in broadband light with minimal planet throughput losses.", "date": "2017-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-132039857", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180216-132039857", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2275173", "primary_object": { "basename": "104000Y.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/atsgj-5cv40/files/104000Y.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Klimovich, N.; Xin, Y.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0nyqq-vcj43", "eprint_id": 79529, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:19:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 16:16:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Kastner-J-H", "name": { "family": "Kastner", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3138-8250" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Bottom-M", "name": { "family": "Bottom", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531" }, { "id": "Femen\u00eda-Castell\u00e1-B", "name": { "family": "Femen\u00eda Castell\u00e1", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez-C-A", "name": { "family": "Gomez Gonzalez", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2050-1710" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Zhu-Zhaohuan", "name": { "family": "Zhu", "given": "Z." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3616-6822" }, { "id": "Jenson-Clem-R", "name": { "family": "Jenson-Clem", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "E." } } ] }, "title": "Deep Imaging Search for Planets Forming in the TW Hya Protoplanetary Disk with the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "circumstellar matter \u2013 stars: individual (TW Hya) \u2013 stars: pre-main sequence", "note": "\u00a9 2017 The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2017 May 19; revised 2017 June 19; accepted 2017 June 22; published 2017 July 27. \n\nG.R. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1602444. The data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. J.H.K. acknowledges support from NASA Exoplanets program grant NNX16AB43G to RIT. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement No. 337569), and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action. E.C. acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF2-51355 awarded by STScI, which is operated by AURA, Inc. for NASA under contract NAS5-26555, for research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. \n\nFacility: Keck:II (NIRC2) - .\n\nPublished - Ruane_2017_AJ_154_73.pdf
Submitted - 1706.07489.pdf
", "abstract": "Distinct gap features in the nearest protoplanetary disk, TW Hya (distance of 59.5 \u00b1 0.9 pc), may be signposts of ongoing planet formation. We performed long-exposure thermal infrared coronagraphic imaging observations to search for accreting planets, especially within dust gaps previously detected in scattered light and submillimeter-wave thermal emission. Three nights of observations with the Keck/NIRC2 vortex coronagraph in L' (3.4\u20134.1 \u03bcm) did not reveal any statistically significant point sources. We thereby set strict upper limits on the masses of non-accreting planets. In the four most prominent disk gaps at 24, 41, 47, and 88 au, we obtain upper mass limits of 1.6\u20132.3, 1.1\u20131.6, 1.1\u20131.5, and 1.0\u20131.2 Jupiter masses (M_J), assuming an age range of 7\u201310 Myr for TW Hya. These limits correspond to the contrast at 95% completeness (true positive fraction of 0.95) with a 1% chance of a false positive within 1'' of the star. We also approximate an upper limit on the product of the planet mass and planetary accretion rate of M_pM \u227e 10^(-8) M^2_j yr^(-1) implying that any putative ~0.1 M J planet, which could be responsible for opening the 24 au gap, is presently accreting at rates insufficient to build up a Jupiter mass within TW Hya's pre-main-sequence lifetime.", "date": "2017-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "154", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 73", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170728-084506248", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170728-084506248", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "AST-1602444" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX16AB43G" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise" }, { "agency": "NASA Hubble Fellowship", "grant_number": "HF2-51355" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS5-26555" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aa7b81", "primary_object": { "basename": "1706.07489.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0nyqq-vcj43/files/1706.07489.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Ruane_2017_AJ_154_73.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0nyqq-vcj43/files/Ruane_2017_AJ_154_73.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Ruane, G.; Mawet, D.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hqqnv-var14", "eprint_id": 81357, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:06:04", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:47:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "K\u00fchn-J", "name": { "family": "K\u00fchn", "given": "Jonas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6344-4835" }, { "id": "Patapis-P", "name": { "family": "Patapis", "given": "Polychronis" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Lu-Xin", "name": { "family": "Lu", "given": "Xin" } } ] }, "title": "Implementing focal-plane phase masks optimized for real telescope apertures with SLM-based digital adaptive coronagraphy", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2017 Optical Society of America. \n\nReceived 4 May 2017; revised 28 Jun 2017; accepted 28 Jun 2017; published 6 Jul 2017. \n\nJK and XL, as well as the entire DAC project, are funded through the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Ambizione grant #PZ00P2_154800. \n\nThe authors would like to thank Prof. H. M. Schmid and Prof. M. R. Meyer for the research support since the DAC project started, as well as Dr. S. Daemgen, Dr. S. Quanz and Dr. A. Glauser for the motivating discussions and helpful contributions. We also thank Holoeye GmbH support staff for the timely and thorough answers to our questions on the SLM hardware.\n\nPublished - oe-25-14-16686.pdf
Submitted - 1707.03256.pdf
", "abstract": "Direct imaging of exoplanets or circumstellar disk material requires extreme contrast at the 10^(\u22126) to 10^(\u221212) levels at < 100 mas angular separation from the star. Focal-plane mask (FPM) coronagraphic imaging has played a key role in this field, taking advantage of progress in Adaptive Optics on ground-based 8 + m class telescopes. However, large telescope entrance pupils usually consist of complex, sometimes segmented, non-ideal apertures, which include a central obstruction for the secondary mirror and its support structure. In practice, this negatively impacts wavefront quality and coronagraphic performance, in terms of achievable contrast and inner working angle. Recent theoretical works on structured darkness have shown that solutions for FPM phase profiles, optimized for non-ideal apertures, can be numerically derived. Here we present and discuss a first experimental validation of this concept, using reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulators as adaptive FPM coronagraphs.", "date": "2017-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Optics Express", "volume": "25", "number": "14", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "16686-16700", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170912-104407956", "issn": "1094-4087", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170912-104407956", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)", "grant_number": "PZ00P2_154800" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/OE.25.016686", "primary_object": { "basename": "oe-25-14-16686.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hqqnv-var14/files/oe-25-14-16686.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1707.03256.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hqqnv-var14/files/1707.03256.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "K\u00fchn, Jonas; Patapis, Polychronis; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/en4gh-50168", "eprint_id": 78330, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:21:19", "lastmod": "2024-02-02 21:10:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Crossfield-I-J-M", "name": { "family": "Crossfield", "given": "Ian J. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1835-1891" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Isaacson-H-T", "name": { "family": "Isaacson", "given": "Howard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073" }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew W." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Petigura-E-A", "name": { "family": "Petigura", "given": "Erik A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0967-2893" }, { "id": "Weiss-L-M", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Lauren M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058" }, { "id": "Fulton-B-J", "name": { "family": "Fulton", "given": "Benjamin J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316" }, { "id": "Sinukoff-E", "name": { "family": "Sinukoff", "given": "Evan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5658-0601" }, { "id": "Schlieder-J-E", "name": { "family": "Schlieder", "given": "Joshua E." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5347-7062" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "de-Pater-I", "name": { "family": "de Pater", "given": "Imke" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4278-3168" }, { "id": "de-Kleer-K-R", "name": { "family": "de Kleer", "given": "Katherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9068-3428" }, { "id": "Davies-A-G", "name": { "family": "Davies", "given": "Ashley G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1747-8142" }, { "id": "Christiansen-J-L", "name": { "family": "Christiansen", "given": "Jessie L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8035-4778" }, { "id": "Dressing-C-D", "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "Courtney D." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8189-0233" }, { "id": "Hirsch-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hirsch", "given": "Lea" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8058-7443" }, { "id": "Benneke-B", "name": { "family": "Benneke", "given": "Bj\u00f6rn" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5578-1498" }, { "id": "Crepp-J-R", "name": { "family": "Crepp", "given": "Justin R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0800-0593" }, { "id": "Kosiarek-M-R", "name": { "family": "Kosiarek", "given": "Molly" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6115-4359" }, { "id": "Livingston-J-M", "name": { "family": "Livingston", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Gonzales-E-J", "name": { "family": "Gonzales", "given": "Erica" } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" } ] }, "title": "Two Small Transiting Planets and a Possible Third Body Orbiting HD 106315", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "eclipses \u2013 stars: individual (HD 106315) \u2013 techniques: photometric \u2013 techniques: spectroscopi", "note": "\u00a9 2017 The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. \n\nReceived 2017 January 13; revised 2017 February 13; accepted 2017 February 15; published 2017 May 19. \n\nThis work made use of the SIMBAD database (operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France) and NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive and the Infrared Science Archive, which are operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Portions of this work were performed at the California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the WM Keck Observatory (which is operated as a scientific partnership among Caltech, UC, and NASA). The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. I.J.M.C. was supported for this work under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. A.W.H. acknowledges support for this K2 work from a NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program grant, support from the K2 Guest Observer Program, and a NASA Key Strategic Mission Support Project. L.M.W. acknowledges support from the Trottier family. \n\nFacility: Kepler, Keck-II (NIRC2), Keck-II (HIRES). \n\nNote added in review:\nWhile preparing this paper, we became aware of another paper describing the identification of HD 106315 as a planet-hosing system (Rodriguez et al. 2017). We are pleased that both groups report consistent results despite the fact that no detailed information was shared prior to submission of the two papers.\n\nPublished - Crossfield_2017_AJ_153_255.pdf
Submitted - 1701.03811.pdf
", "abstract": "The masses, atmospheric makeups, spin\u2013orbit alignments, and system architectures of extrasolar planets can be best studied when the planets orbit bright stars. We report the discovery of three bodies orbiting HD 106315, a bright (V = 8.97 mag) F5 dwarf targeted by our K2 survey for transiting exoplanets. Two small transiting planets are found to have radii 2.23^(+0.30)_(-0.25)R\u2295 and 3.95^(+0.42)_(-0.39)R\u2295 and orbital periods 9.55 days and 21.06 days, respectively. A radial velocity (RV) trend of 0.3 \u00b1 0.1 m s^(\u22121) day^(\u22121) indicates the likely presence of a third body orbiting HD 106315 with period \u2273160 days and mass \u227345 M\u2295. Transits of this object would have depths \u22730.1% and are definitively ruled out. Although the star has v sin i = 13.2 km s^(\u22121), it exhibits a short-timescale RV variability of just 6.4 m s^(\u22121). Thus, it is a good target for RV measurements of the mass and density of the inner two planets and the outer object's orbit and mass. Furthermore, the combination of RV noise and moderate v sin i makes HD 106315 a valuable laboratory for studying the spin\u2013orbit alignment of small planets through the Rossiter\u2013McLaughlin effect. Space-based atmospheric characterization of the two transiting planets via transit and eclipse spectroscopy should also be feasible. This discovery demonstrates again the power of K2 to find compelling exoplanets worthy of future study.", "date": "2017-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "153", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 255", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170619-123025887", "issn": "1538-3881", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170619-123025887", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Sagan Fellowship" }, { "agency": "Trottier Family Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aa6e01", "primary_object": { "basename": "1701.03811.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/en4gh-50168/files/1701.03811.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Crossfield_2017_AJ_153_255.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/en4gh-50168/files/Crossfield_2017_AJ_153_255.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Ciardi, David R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1v3-qgj08", "eprint_id": 75536, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 20:46:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 15:07:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Xuan-Wenhao", "name": { "family": "Xuan", "given": "Wenhao" } }, { "id": "Echeverri-D", "name": { "family": "Echeverri", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040" }, { "id": "Klimovich-N-S", "name": { "family": "Klimovich", "given": "Nikita S." } }, { "id": "Randolph-M", "name": { "family": "Randolph", "given": "Michael" } }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "Jason" } }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "James K." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Vasisht-G", "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "Gautam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Dekany-R-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Choquet-\u00c9lodie", "name": { "family": "Choquet", "given": "\u00c9lodie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9173-0740" }, { "id": "Delorme-J-R", "name": { "family": "Delorme", "given": "Jacques-Robert" } }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } } ] }, "title": "Observing Exoplanets with High-Dispersion Coronagraphy. II. Demonstration of an Active Single-Mode Fiber Injection Unit", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "brown dwarfs; instrumentation: adaptive optics; instrumentation: spectrographs; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: spectroscopic", "note": "\u00a9 2017. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2016 October 24; revised 2017 February 12; accepted 2017 February 28; published 2017 March 30. \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the referee for the thorough review and constructive comments. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising\u2013Simons foundation. \n\nFacility: Caltech's High-Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed for Segmented Telescopes (HCST). -\n\nPublished - Mawet_2017_ApJ_838_92.pdf
Submitted - 1703.00583.pdf
Supplemental Material - apjaa647ff7_video.mp4
", "abstract": "High-dispersion coronagraphy (HDC) optimally combines high contrast imaging techniques such as adaptive optics/wavefront control plus coronagraphy to high spectral resolution spectroscopy. HDC is a critical pathway towards fully characterizing exoplanet atmospheres across a broad range of masses from giant gaseous planets down to Earth-like planets. In addition to determining the molecular composition of exoplanet atmospheres, HDC also enables Doppler mapping of atmosphere inhomogeneities (temperature, clouds, wind), as well as precise measurements of exoplanet rotational velocities. Here, we demonstrate an innovative concept for injecting the directly-imaged planet light into a single-mode fiber, linking a high-contrast adaptively-corrected coronagraph to a high-resolution spectrograph (diffraction-limited or not). Our laboratory demonstration includes three key milestones: close-to-theoretical injection efficiency, accurate pointing and tracking, on-fiber coherent modulation and speckle nulling of spurious starlight signal coupling into the fiber. Using the extreme modal selectivity of single-mode fibers, we also demonstrated speckle suppression gains that outperform conventional image-based speckle nulling by at least two orders of magnitude.", "date": "2017-04-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astrophysical Journal", "volume": "838", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 92", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170330-075341818", "issn": "1538-4357", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170330-075341818", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/aa647f", "primary_object": { "basename": "apjaa647ff7_video.mp4", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1v3-qgj08/files/apjaa647ff7_video.mp4" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1703.00583.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1v3-qgj08/files/1703.00583.pdf" }, { "basename": "Mawet_2017_ApJ_838_92.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1v3-qgj08/files/Mawet_2017_ApJ_838_92.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Mawet, Dimitri; Ruane, Garreth; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/74aw2-1f226", "eprint_id": 75535, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 19:56:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 15:07:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Hu-Renyu", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "Renyu" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2215-8485" }, { "id": "Benneke-B", "name": { "family": "Benneke", "given": "Bj\u00f6rn" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5578-1498" } ] }, "title": "Observing Exoplanets with High Dispersion Coronagraphy. I. The scientific potential of current and next-generation large ground and space telescopes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "brown dwarfs; instrumentation: spectrographs; planetary systems; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: spectroscopic", "note": "\u00a9 2017. The American Astronomical Society. \n\nReceived 2016 October 24; revised 2017 February 15; accepted 2017 February 16; published 2017 March 30. \n\nThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Heising-Simons foundation. The authors acknowledge ideas and advice from the participants in the Exoplanet Imaging and Characterization: Coherent Differential Imaging and Signal Detection Statistics workshop organized by the W.M. Keck Institute for Space Studies.\n\nPublished - Wang_2017_AJ_153_183.pdf
Submitted - 1703.00582.pdf
", "abstract": "Direct imaging of exoplanets presents a formidable technical challenge owing to the small angular separation and high contrast between exoplanets and their host stars. High Dispersion Coronagraphy (HDC) is a pathway to achieve unprecedented sensitivity to Earth-like planets in the habitable zone. Here, we present a framework to simulate HDC observations and data analyses. The goal of these simulations is to perform a detailed analysis of the trade-off between raw star light suppression and spectral resolution for various instrument configurations, target types, and science cases. We predict the performance of an HDC instrument at Keck observatory for characterizing directly imaged gas-giant planets in near infrared bands. We also simulate HDC observations of an Earth-like planet using next-generation ground-based (TMT) and spaced-base telescopes (HabEx and LUVOIR). We conclude that ground-based ELTs are more suitable for HDC observations of an Earth-like planet than future space-based missions owing to the considerable difference in collecting area. For ground-based telescopes, HDC observations can detect an Earth-like planet in the habitable zone around an M dwarf star at 10^(\u22124) starlight suppression level. Compared to the 10^(\u22127) planet/star contrast, HDC relaxes the starlight suppression requirement by a factor of 10^3. For space-based telescopes, detector noise will be a major limitation at spectral resolutions higher than 10^4. Considering detector noise and speckle chromatic noise, R=400 (1600) is the optimal spectral resolutions for HabEx(LUVOIR). The corresponding starlight suppression requirement to detect a planet with planet/star contrast = 6.1\u00d710^(\u221211) is relaxed by a factor of 10 (100) for HabEx (LUVOIR).", "date": "2017-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomical Journal", "volume": "153", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "pagerange": "Art. No. 183", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170330-074837646", "issn": "0004-6256", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170330-074837646", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aa6474", "primary_object": { "basename": "1703.00582.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/74aw2-1f226/files/1703.00582.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Wang_2017_AJ_153_183.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/74aw2-1f226/files/Wang_2017_AJ_153_183.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Wang, Ji; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1ade7-pqs94", "eprint_id": 72546, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 13:00:19", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 20:21:38", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Carlomagno-B", "name": { "family": "Carlomagno", "given": "Brunella" } }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Kenworthy-M-A", "name": { "family": "Kenworthy", "given": "Matthew" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-8270" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Keller-C-U", "name": { "family": "Keller", "given": "Christoph U." } }, { "id": "Otten-G", "name": { "family": "Otten", "given": "Gilles" } }, { "id": "Feldt-M", "name": { "family": "Feldt", "given": "Markus" } }, { "id": "Hippler-S", "name": { "family": "Hippler", "given": "Stefan" } }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Delacroix-C", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "Christian" } }, { "id": "Surdej-J", "name": { "family": "Surdej", "given": "Jean" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7005-1976" }, { "id": "Habraken-S", "name": { "family": "Habraken", "given": "Serge" } }, { "id": "Forsberg-P", "name": { "family": "Forsberg", "given": "Pontus" } }, { "id": "Karlsson-M", "name": { "family": "Karlsson", "given": "Mikael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2011-0851" }, { "id": "Vargas-Catalan-E", "name": { "family": "Vargas Catalan", "given": "Ernesto" } }, { "id": "Brandl-B-R", "name": { "family": "Brandl", "given": "Bernhard R." } } ] }, "title": "End-to-end simulations of the E-ELT/METIS coronagraphs", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Exoplanets detection, Mid-IR, Vector Vortex Coronagraphs, Apodizing Phase Plate coronagraphs, E-ELT/METIS instrument, end-to-end simulations", "note": "\u00a9 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nThe research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement n.337569) and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions.\n\nPublished - 990973.pdf
", "abstract": "The direct detection of low-mass planets in the habitable zone of nearby stars is an important science case for future E-ELT instruments such as the mid-infrared imager and spectrograph METIS, which features vortex phase masks and apodizing phase plates (APP) in its baseline design. In this work, we present end-to-end performance simulations, using Fourier propagation, of several METIS coronagraphic modes, including focal-plane vortex phase masks and pupil-plane apodizing phase plates, for the centrally obscured, segmented E-ELT pupil. The atmosphere and the AO contributions are taken into account. Hybrid coronagraphs combining the advantages of vortex phase masks and APPs are considered to improve the METIS coronagraphic performance.", "date": "2016-07-27", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 990973", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20161205-092810966", "isbn": "978-1-5106-0198-7", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems V", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161205-092810966", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Belgique \u2013 Actions de recherche concert\u00e9es" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Marchetti-E", "name": { "family": "Marchetti", "given": "Enrico" } }, { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "V\u00e9ran-J-P", "name": { "family": "V\u00e9ran", "given": "Jean-Pierre" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2233444", "primary_object": { "basename": "990973.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1ade7-pqs94/files/990973.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Carlomagno, Brunella; Absil, Olivier; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5b36g-2m517", "eprint_id": 86796, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 12:59:05", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 20:14:21", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Wizinowich-P-L", "name": { "family": "Wizinowich", "given": "P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X" }, { "id": "Dekany-R-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Chun-Miyoung", "name": { "family": "Chun", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Hall-D-N-B", "name": { "family": "Hall", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Cetre-S", "name": { "family": "Cetre", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Guyon-O", "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1097-9908" }, { "id": "Wallace-J-K", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "J. K." } }, { "id": "Bowler-B-P", "name": { "family": "Bowler", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2649-2288" }, { "id": "Liu-Michael-C", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Serabyn-E", "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Bartos-R-D", "name": { "family": "Bartos", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "id": "Vasisht-G", "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Fitzgerald-M-P", "name": { "family": "Fitzgerald", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973" }, { "id": "Skemer-A-J", "name": { "family": "Skemer", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924" }, { "id": "Ireland-M-J", "name": { "family": "Ireland", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6194-043X" }, { "id": "Fucik-J-R", "name": { "family": "Fucik", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Fortney-J-J", "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9843-4354" }, { "id": "Crossfield-I-J-M", "name": { "family": "Crossfield", "given": "I." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1835-1891" }, { "id": "Hu-Renyu", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2215-8485" }, { "id": "Benneke-B", "name": { "family": "Benneke", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5578-1498" } ] }, "title": "Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer: concept and phased implementation", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Exoplanets, high contrast imaging, high contrast high resolution spectroscopy, small inner working\nangle coronagraphy, vortex coronagraph, on-axis segmented telescopes, apodization, Extremely Large Telescopes", "note": "\u00a9 2016 SPIE. \n\nThis work was partially carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\nPublished - 99090D.pdf
", "abstract": "The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) is a cost-effective upgrade path to the W.M. Keck observatory (WMKO) adaptive optics (AO) system, building on the lessons learned from first and second-generation extreme AO (ExAO) coronagraphs. KPIC will explore new scientific niches in exoplanet science, while maturing critical technologies and systems for future ground-based (TMT, EELT, GMT) and space-based planet imagers (HabEx, LUVOIR). The advent of fast low-noise IR cameras (IR-APD, MKIDS, electron injectors), the rapid maturing of efficient wavefront sensing (WFS) techniques (Pyramid, Zernike), small inner working angle (IWA) coronagraphs (e.g., vortex) and associated low-order wavefront sensors (LOWFS), as well as recent breakthroughs in high contrast high resolution spectroscopy, open new direct exoplanet exploration avenues that are complementary to planet imagers such as VLT-SPHERE and the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). For instance, the search and detailed characterization of planetary systems on solar-system scales around late-type stars, mostly beyond SPHERE and GPI's reaches, can be initiated now at WMKO.", "date": "2016-07-26", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 99090D", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180605-131826047", "isbn": "9781510601970", "book_title": "Adaptive Optics Systems V", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180605-131826047", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Marchetti-E", "name": { "family": "Marchetti", "given": "Enrico" } }, { "id": "Close-L-M", "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird M." } }, { "id": "V\u00e9ran-J-P", "name": { "family": "V\u00e9ran", "given": "Jean-Pierre" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2233658", "primary_object": { "basename": "99090D.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5b36g-2m517/files/99090D.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Mawet, D.; Wizinowich, P.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e86vs-yyn43", "eprint_id": 72673, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 12:57:01", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 20:22:01", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Jewell-Jeffrey-B", "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Pueyo-L", "name": { "family": "Pueyo", "given": "Laurent" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3818-408X" }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "title": "Apodized vortex coronagraph designs for segmented aperture telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2016 SPIE. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. \n\nThe authors thank Brunella Carlomagno and Olivier Absil from the University of Li\u00e8ge (ULg), Alexis Carlotti from Institute of Planetology and Astrophysics of Grenoble (IPAG), and Christian Delacroix from Cornell University for many fruitful discussions regarding coronagraph performance and optimization. This work was supported by the Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).\n\nPublished - 99122L.pdf
", "abstract": "Current state-of-the-art high contrast imaging instruments take advantage of a number of elegant coronagraph designs to suppress starlight and image nearby faint objects, such as exoplanets and circumstellar disks. The ideal performance and complexity of the optical systems depends strongly on the shape of the telescope aperture. Unfortunately, large primary mirrors tend to be segmented and have various obstructions, which limit the performance of most conventional coronagraph designs. We present a new family of vortex coronagraphs with numerically-optimized gray-scale apodizers that provide the sensitivity needed to directly image faint exoplanets with large, segmented aperture telescopes, including the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) as well as potential next-generation space telescopes.", "date": "2016-07-22", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 99122L", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20161208-143555472", "isbn": "978-1-5106-0203-8", "book_title": "Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation II", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161208-143555472", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Navarro-R", "name": { "family": "Navarro", "given": "Ram\u00f3n" } }, { "id": "Burge-J-H", "name": { "family": "Burge", "given": "James H." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2231715", "primary_object": { "basename": "99122L.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e86vs-yyn43/files/99122L.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth; Jewell, Jeffrey; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9t5fd-nt533", "eprint_id": 74396, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 12:29:12", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 20:24:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Matthews-Keith-Astronomy", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Keith" } }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" } ] }, "title": "Three years of harvest with the vector vortex coronagraph in the thermal infrared", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, coronagraphy, vortex phase mask, thermal infrared", "note": "\u00a9 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). \n\nWe thank P. Baudoz and J. Parisot for maintaining and sharing with us the YACADIRE coronagraphic test bench at Observatoire de Paris-Meudon. We also thank all the people involved in the installation, commissioning, and operations of the AGPM at VLT, LBT, and Keck. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement n. 337569), and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action. The W. M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. The LBTI is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration as part of its Exoplanet Exploration Program. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy and Germany. LBT Corporation partners are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona university\nsystem; Instituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max-Planck Society, the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University, and The Research Corporation, on behalf of The University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. This research was supported by NASA's Origins of Solar Systems Program, grant NNX13AJ17G.\n\nPublished - 99080Q.pdf
Submitted - 1607.05003.pdf
", "abstract": "For several years, we have been developing vortex phase masks based on sub-wavelength gratings, known as Annular Groove Phase Masks. Etched onto diamond substrates, these AGPMs are currently designed to be used in the thermal infrared (ranging from 3 to 13 \u03bcm). Our AGPMs were first installed on VLT/NACO and VLT/VISIR in 2012, followed by LBT/LMIRCam in 2013 and Keck/NIRC2 in 2015. In this paper, we review the development, commissioning, on-sky performance, and early scientific results of these new coronagraphic modes and report on the lessons learned. We conclude with perspectives for future developments and applications.", "date": "2016-06-26", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 99080Q", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170217-081902812", "isbn": "978-1-5106-0196-3", "book_title": "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170217-081902812", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Belgique \u2013 Actions de recherche concert\u00e9es" }, { "agency": "W. M. Keck Foundation" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX13AJ17G" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Evans-C-J", "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Christopher J." } }, { "id": "Simard-L", "name": { "family": "Simard", "given": "Luc" } }, { "id": "Takami-Hideki", "name": { "family": "Takami", "given": "Hideki" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2233289", "primary_object": { "basename": "1607.05003.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9t5fd-nt533/files/1607.05003.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "99080Q.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9t5fd-nt533/files/99080Q.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Absil, Olivier; Mawet, Dimitri; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hgn5f-xc764", "eprint_id": 63076, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 08:54:15", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 23:29:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Delacroix-C", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Carlomagno-B", "name": { "family": "Carlomagno", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Swartzlander-G-A", "name": { "family": "Swartzlander", "given": "G. A." } } ] }, "title": "Lyot-plane phase masks for improved high-contrast imaging with a vortex coronagraph", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "instrumentation: high angular resolution / planets and satellites: detection", "note": "\u00a9 ESO, 2015. \n\nReceived 19 May 2015 / Accepted 18 September 2015 / Published online 30 October 2015. \n\nThis work has benefited from fruitful discussions with Prof. Jean Surdej (Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, Belgium) and Prof. Matt Kenworthy (Leiden Observatory, Netherlands) as well as computing assistance from Carlos Gomez Gonzalez (Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, Belgium). G.J.R. was supported by Wallonie-Bruxelles International's (Belgium) Scholarship for Excellence and the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECCS-1309517. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement No. 337569) and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action.\n\nPublished - aa26561-15.pdf
", "abstract": "Context. The vortex coronagraph is an optical instrument that precisely removes on-axis starlight allowing for high contrast imaging at small angular separation from the star, a crucial capability for direct detection and characterization of exoplanets and circumstellar disks. Telescopes with aperture obstructions, such as secondary mirrors and spider support structures, require advanced coronagraph designs to provide adequate starlight suppression. \n\nAims. We introduce a phase-only Lyot-plane optic to the vortex coronagraph, which offers improved contrast performance on telescopes with complicated apertures. Potential solutions for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) are described. \n\nMethods. Adding a Lyot-plane phase mask relocates residual starlight away from a region of the image plane, thereby reducing stellar noise and improving sensitivity to off-axis companions. The phase mask is calculated using an iterative phase retrieval algorithm. \n\nResults. Numerically, we achieve a contrast on the order of 10-6 for a companion with angular displacement as small as 4\u03bb/D with an E-ELT type aperture. Even in the presence of aberrations, improved performance is expected compared to either a conventional vortex coronagraph or an optimized pupil plane phase element alone.", "date": "2015-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronomy and Astrophysics", "volume": "583", "publisher": "EDP Sciences", "pagerange": "Art. No. A81", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151218-115212953", "issn": "0004-6361", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151218-115212953", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Wallonie-Bruxelles International" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "ECCS-1309517" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)" }, { "agency": "Actions de Recherche Concertees (Communaut\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Belgique)" } ] }, "doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/201526561", "primary_object": { "basename": "aa26561-15.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hgn5f-xc764/files/aa26561-15.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Ruane, G. J.; Huby, E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sk15e-4jy61", "eprint_id": 63364, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 08:11:31", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:31:00", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Piron-Pierre", "name": { "family": "Piron", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "Delacroix-C", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Karlsson-M", "name": { "family": "Karlsson", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2011-0851" }, { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Habraken-S", "name": { "family": "Habraken", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Surdej-J", "name": { "family": "Surdej", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7005-1976" } ] }, "title": "A Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on orbital angular momentum for improved vortex coronagraph efficiency", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Orbital angular momentum, Coronagraphy, Interferometry, Birefringence, Polarization", "note": "\u00a9 2015 SPIE. \n\nThis work and the author are funded thanks to a European Research Council funding under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ERC Grant Agreement n\u25e6337569).\n\nPublished - 96051J.pdf
Submitted - 1605.08033v1.pdf
", "abstract": "The Annular Groove Phase Mask (AGPM) is a vectorial vortex phase mask. It acts as a half-wave plate with a radial fast axis orientation operating in the mid infrared domain. When placed at the focus of a telescope element provides a continuous helical phase ramp for an on axis sources, which creates the orbital angular momentum. Thanks to that phase, the intensity of the central source is canceled by a down-stream pupil stop, while the off axis sources are not affected. However due to experimental conditions the nulling is hardly perfect. To improve the null, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer containing Dove prisms differently oriented can be proposed to sort out light based on its orbital angular momentum (OAM). Thanks to the differential rotation of the beam, a \u03c0 phase shift is achieved for the on axis light affected by a non zero OAM. Therefore the contrast between the star and its faint companion is enhanced. Nevertheless, due the Dove prisms birefringence, the performance of the interferometer is relatively poor. To solve this problem, we propose to add a birefringent wave-plate in each arm to compensate this birefringence. In this paper, we will develop the mathematical model of the wave front using the Jones formalism. The performance of the interferometer is at first computed for the simple version without the birefringent plate. Then the effect of the birefringent plate is be mathematically described and the performance is re-computed.", "date": "2015-09-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 96051J", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160105-070458470", "isbn": "978-1-62841-771-5", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets VII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160105-070458470", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2189329", "primary_object": { "basename": "96051J.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sk15e-4jy61/files/96051J.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "1605.08033v1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sk15e-4jy61/files/1605.08033v1.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Piron, P.; Delacroix, C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t4xk9-wgz48", "eprint_id": 63347, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 08:11:24", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:30:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruane-G-J", "name": { "family": "Ruane", "given": "Garreth J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665" }, { "id": "Absil-Olivier", "name": { "family": "Absil", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4006-6237" }, { "id": "Huby-Elsa", "name": { "family": "Huby", "given": "Elsa" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Delacroix-C", "name": { "family": "Delacroix", "given": "Christian" } }, { "id": "Carlomagno-B", "name": { "family": "Carlomagno", "given": "Brunella" } }, { "id": "Piron-P", "name": { "family": "Piron", "given": "Pierre" } }, { "id": "Swartzlander-G-A", "name": { "family": "Swartzlander", "given": "Grover A." } } ] }, "title": "Optimized focal and pupil plane masks for vortex coronagraphs on telescopes with obstructed apertures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "High contrast imaging, instrumentation, exoplanets, direct detection, coronagraphs", "note": "\u00a9 2015 SPIE. \n\nThis work has benefited from computing assistance from Carlos Gomez Gonzalez (Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, Belgium) as well as fruitful discussions with Prof. Jean Surdej (Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, Belgium) and Prof. Matt Kenworthy (Leiden Observatory, Netherlands). G. J. Ruane was supported by Wallonie-Bruxelles International's (Belgium) Scholarship for Excellence and the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECCS-1309517. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (ERC Grant Agreement n. 337569) and from the French Community of Belgium through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Action.\n\nPublished - 96051I.pdf
", "abstract": "We present methods for optimizing pupil and focal plane optical elements that improve the performance of vortex coronagraphs on telescopes with obstructed or segmented apertures. Phase-only and complex masks are designed for the entrance pupil, focal plane, and the plane of the Lyot stop. Optimal masks are obtained using both analytical and numerical methods. The latter makes use of an iterative error reduction algorithm to calculate \"correcting\" optics that mitigate unwanted diffraction from aperture obstructions. We analyze the achieved performance in terms of starlight suppression, contrast, off-axis image quality, and chromatic dependence. Manufacturing considerations and sensitivity to aberrations are also discussed. This work provides a path to joint optimization of multiple coronagraph planes to maximize sensitivity to exoplanets and other faint companions.", "date": "2015-09-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers", "place_of_pub": "Bellingham, WA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 96051I", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160104-151248079", "isbn": "978-1-62841-771-5", "book_title": "Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets VII", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160104-151248079", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Wallonie-Bruxelles International's Scholarship for Excellence" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "ECCS-1309517" }, { "agency": "European Research Council (ERC)", "grant_number": "337569" }, { "agency": "Communaut\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Belgique \u2013 Actions de recherche concert\u00e9es" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Shaklan-S", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1117/12.2187236", "primary_object": { "basename": "96051I.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t4xk9-wgz48/files/96051I.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Ruane, Garreth J.; Absil, Olivier; et el." } ]