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"creators": { "items": [ { "email": "alicehsu42@gmail.com", "id": "Hsu-Alice", "name": { "family": "Hsu", "given": "Alice" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6609-2559", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Neurotechnology for Multiplexed Interrogation of Brain Circuits and Synaptic Activity", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Neural Probes; Electrophysiology; Two Photon Imaging; Brain Mapping; Electrophysiology Probe", "abstract": "
This thesis describes the development of neural technologies for 1) multiplexed brain circuit electrophysiology (ephys) recordings and control of activity in optogenetic mice lines with concurrent recording paired with two-photon imaging and 2) multiplexed measurements of synaptic release events in microfluidic platforms. The first part of this thesis describes efforts to provide deterministic correlation of excited neuron action potential with resulting ephys recordings in vivo. This consisted of technological development of novel, high density multisite silicon probes for electrophysiology recordings in vivo. The probes consist of four columns of electrodes densely packed at the shank tip. This density of electrode arrays allowed for higher resolution isolation of more distinct waveforms than previous ephys probes and benchmarking measurements to triangulate the locations of emitting neurons. These measurements help benchmark the ability of existing silicon extracellular probes to capture surrounding extracellular activity. When combined with two-photon imaging, we can simultaneously record ephys activity, image the probe and surrounding brain, quantify brain damage during probe implantation, and control neural activity using optogenetic mouse lines.
\r\n\r\nThe second project described development of a microfluidic platform to monitor synaptic release of the neurotransmitter glutamate. Microfluidic devices were used to isolate synaptic processes expressing synaptic reporters and provide targeted recording of glutamate activity across the synapse. Synaptic glutamate release was monitored with a two part genetically encoded fluorescent reporter that detects glutamate released at the synapse, called split-iGluSnFR, developed in Professor Lin Tian\u2019s lab at UC Davis. We designed new microfluidic devices to better isolate neuron processes with split-iGluSnFR and be compatible with existing fluorescent complementary metal\u2013oxide\u2013semiconductor (CMOS) contact imagers. Using computational fluid dynamic simulations, we demonstrate efficient perfusion in the device. The form factor of this new device is designed to be compatible with CMOS contact imagers, and that when combined will help us achieve our ultimate goal to monitor the kinetics of simultaneous synaptic release events modulated by perfused neuromodulating drugs.
", "date": "2023", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:06032023-030758184", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:06032023-030758184", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "Article adapted for ch. 9.", "type": "doi", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2021.11.012" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Howard Hughes Medical Institute", "grant_number": "MLR.TSA-1-OATS.HHMITSA" }, { "agency": "NIH", "grant_number": "MLR.00062YR3-1-NIHP.DISSEM3" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Released to public view 2023-06-20", "deposited_by": "Alice Hsu", "deposited_on": "2023-06-09 15:00:33", "doi": "10.7907/tba9-sb03", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_bbe" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "zinnk@caltech.edu", "id": "Zinn-K-G", "name": { "family": "Zinn", "given": "Kai George" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6706-5605", "role": "chair" }, { "email": "lester@caltech.edu", "id": "Lester-H-A", "name": { "family": "Lester", "given": "Henry A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5470-5255", "role": "member" }, { "email": "lintian@ucdavis.edu", "id": "Tian Lin", "name": { "family": "Tian", "given": "Lin" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7012-6926", "role": "member" }, { "email": "shepard@ee.columbia.edu", "id": "Shepard-Kenneth-L", "name": { "family": "Shepard", "given": "Kenneth L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0665-6775", "role": "member" }, { "email": "moreauxl@caltech.edu", "id": "Moreaux-Laurent-C", "name": { "family": "Moreaux", "given": "Laurent C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1276-5062", "role": "member" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2023-05-30", "gradofc_approval_date": "2023-06-09", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "bioeng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2023", "author_list": "Hsu, Alice", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Zinn, Kai George; Lester, Henry A.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/14425", "eprint_id": 14425, "rev_number": 106, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/135353", "doc_id": 135353, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/386491", "fileid": 386491, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 135353, "filename": "BlueFors_Permission.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "b8cc312573af68219268eb9d4b54e84f", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 184134, "mtime": "2021-11-14 17:59:45", "url": "/14425/1/BlueFors_Permission.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 14425, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "BlueFors 12Nov2021", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "BlueFors_Permission.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "copyright" }, { "id": "/id/document/135354", "doc_id": 135354, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/386493", "fileid": 386493, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 135354, "filename": "CreativeCommons_FongSchwab.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "500906f71865b909b741f69f7105389c", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 226580, "mtime": "2021-11-14 18:00:05", "url": "/14425/2/CreativeCommons_FongSchwab.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 14425, "pos": 2, "placement": 2, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "CreativeCommons_FongSchwab - 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19:00:18", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "rmkatti@gmail.com", "id": "Katti-Raj-Michael", "name": { "family": "Katti", "given": "Raj Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7942-0504", "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Josephson Inductance Thermometry in Resonantly-Coupled Van-der-Waals Heterostructures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Graphene, Thermometry, Calorimetry, Cryogenic, Superconductor, Microwave, Josephson Junction", "abstract": "A promising strategy for pushing single-shot energy-resolving detection to the level of individual microwave photons, thermal phonons, and single kBT heat pulses is the development of thermal detectors with miniscule heat capacities. Graphene, with its vanishing heat capacity and diminished electron-phonon coupling at cryogenic temperatures, is an enticing material platform for achieving heat capacities at the level of single-kB in solid-state systems at dilution refrigerator temperatures. Key to the design and operation of a thermal detector is the readout method employed to monitor the temperature of the thermal element. However, to date, existing thermometry methods for Van-der-Waals materials have typically been slow and ill-suited for single-shot calorimetry, limited either by long averaging times, sweep repetition rates, or resetting times of switched Josephson junctions.
\r\n\r\nThis dissertation presents Josephson inductance thermometry, a method we have demonstrated for probing the electron temperature of Van-der-Waals materials at milli-Kelvin temperatures. The technique relies upon the inductive loading of a superconducting resonator by a graphene-based Josephson junction, in which increases in electron temperature of the graphene flake are transduced to shifts of the resonant frequency. This technique brings with it many of the benefits of resonant readout, such as fast response times, ease of frequency-division multiplexing, and operation at the lowest temperatures available to a dilution refrigerator where the device parameter regime yields the greatest detector sensitivities. Such a device design is well-suited, for example, to the serving as the fundamental pixel architecture of next-generation dark matter searches.
\r\n\r\nThis thesis derives all thermal detector performance metrics and fundamental noise sources from first principles and provides a pedagogical introduction to the superconducting phenomena and low-temperature physics exploited by the detector. Subsequently, a thorough discussion is presented of the device architecture, fabrication procedures, measurement chain, physical characterization via carrier density sweeps, physical characterization via Joule heat sweeps, and noise measurement characterization. It is our hope that researchers interested in pushing the limits of ultrasensitive thermal detectors and calorimetry can use this thesis to delve into details of Josephson inductance thermometry as well as the field of cryogenic thermal detection broadly.
", "date": "2022", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:11122021-191329247", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11122021-191329247", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "Article adapted for Ch. 3", "type": "doi", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.013249" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Extension request pending as of 2022-06-01; temporarily reset the file to expire 2022-06-30 while request is processed (Mel) // Restricted to Caltech community only until 7 June 2022. Author and advisor have decided to request a restricted to campus-access-only embargo as the patent for which the full embargo was requested has been published (per OTTCP) // Fully embargoed for patent reasons until 15 May 2022.", "deposited_by": "Raj Katti", "deposited_on": "2021-12-07 19:00:18", "doi": "10.7907/190v-av56", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "jonas@caltech.edu", "id": "Zmuidzinas-J", "name": { "family": "Zmuidzinas", "given": "Jonas" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "s.nadj-perge@caltech.edu", "id": "Nadj-Perge-S", "name": { "family": "Nadj-Perge", "given": "Stevan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-360X", "role": "member" }, { "email": "schwab@caltech.edu", "id": "Schwab-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schwab", "given": "Keith C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8216-4815", "role": "member" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2021-11-04", "gradofc_approval_date": "2021-12-07", "thesis_awards": "R.K. Kar Award for Research in Physics, 2020.", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. 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"media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "release" } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 9689, "dir": "disk0/00/01/37/09", "datestamp": "2020-06-08 22:24:31", "lastmod": "2022-03-07 22:38:22", "status_changed": "2020-06-08 22:24:31", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "aneumann31@gmail.com", "id": "Neumann-Adam-Patrick", "name": { "family": "Neumann", "given": "Adam Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2961-7640", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Towards Single Molecule Imaging Using Nanoelectromechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Nanotechnology; Nanoelectromechanical Systems; Mass Spectrometry; NEMS; Multimode; Inertial Imaging; Molecular Imaging; Image Reconstruction", "abstract": "We incorporate nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) into a state-of-the-art commercial mass spectrometer (Q Exactive Plus with Orbitrap detection). This unique hybrid instrument is capable of ionizing molecules up to 4.5 MDa in their intact native state, isolating molecules of interest according to their mass-to-charge ratio, performing high resolution mass spectrometry (MS), and delivering those molecules to the NEMS. We use NEMS optimized for detecting the inertial mass of adsorbed species directly, which contrasts with indirect measurements of the mass-to-charge ratio performed with typical instruments. This unique form of mass spectrometry, NEMS-MS, with its single-molecule sensitivity, has promising applications to the fields of proteomics and native mass spectrometry, including deep proteomic profiling, single-cell proteomics, mass spectrometry-based imaging, or identifying viruses in their in vivo state.
\r\n\r\nWe analyze intact E. coli GroEL chaperonin, a noncovalent 801 kDa complex consisting of 14 identical subunits. GroEL was sent to NEMS operated with the first two vibrational modes monitored in real time. Molecules physisorbing to the NEMS cause an abrupt shift in its resonance frequencies. The change in resonance frequencies is used to calculate the mass of each molecule. A mass spectrum is compiled with a main peak of 846 kDa, close to the expected value, and a secondary peak resolved near twice the mass of GroEL.
\r\nMeasurements are then performed operating the first three modes simultaneously. Using a technique called inertial imaging, frequency shifts are used to calculate the first three mass moments: mass, position, and variance (size). This is used to distinguish between adsorbates arriving in a single, point-like distribution or a more extended distribution, thus demonstrating a rudimentary form of molecular imaging.
\r\n\r\nTwo new theories are presented for analyzing frequency-shift data. The first approach offers a more streamlined approach for calculating the mass moments. This approach is used to improve the mass spectrum of the GroEL calculated using three-mode data, producing a main peak almost fully resolved at 805 kDa. An entirely different approach is presented that allows for obtaining the mass density distribution of an adsorbed molecule (i.e., imaging) with a higher number of modes.
", "date": "2020", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:05182020-141933604", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05182020-141933604", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "Chapter 4 (previously published content).", "type": "doi", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04301" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Melissa Ray", "suggestions": "Released 2022-03-07 // Sent final notice indicating impending release on 2022-02-22 and received no response. See internal documents for all correspondence.\r\n\r\n// Extension expires 2022-02-28 // Courtesy extension: never received official extension request from author or advisor after confirmation from Hannah/OTTCP that they're preparing a new invention disclosure / patent application.\r\n\r\n\r\n// Withheld until 26 August 2021. OTT approved extension 2021-02-26. Sent to committee for approval on 14 Dec 2020. Extension request submitted by advisor on 9 Dec 2020.\r\n\r\n// From author: We are completing publications stemming from this work and will submit them by Q1/2021. This work will be submitted to Nature Nanotechnology. We are also submitting a patent disclosure.", "deposited_by": "Adam Neumann", "deposited_on": "2020-06-08 22:24:31", "doi": "10.7907/n4ap-7h91", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_bbe" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "phillips@pboc.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3082-2809", "role": "chair" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "member" }, { "email": "jlbchamp@caltech.edu", "id": "Beauchamp-J-L", "name": { "family": "Beauchamp", "given": "Jesse L." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8839-4822", "role": "member" }, { "email": "mthomson@caltech.edu", "id": "Thomson-Matthew", "name": { "family": "Thomson", "given": "Matthew" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1021-1234", "role": "member" }, { "email": "jsader@caltech.edu", "id": "Sader-J-E", "name": { "family": "Sader", "given": "John E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7096-0627", "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2020-04-16", "gradofc_approval_date": "2020-06-08", "thesis_awards": "Demetriades-Tsafka-Kokkalis Prize in Nanotechnology or Related Fields, 2020.", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "bioeng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. 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conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/103866" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/103866" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/103866" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 10470, "dir": "disk0/00/01/11/85", "datestamp": "2018-10-09 18:54:42", "lastmod": "2021-05-25 22:26:08", "status_changed": "2018-10-09 18:54:42", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "tmfowler@gmail.com", "id": "Fowler-Trevor-Michael", "name": { "family": "Fowler", "given": "Trevor Michael" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Silicon Neural Probes for Stimulation of Neurons and the Excitation and Detection of Proteins in the Brain", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "none", "keywords": "Neural Probes; Neural Implants; Silicon Microfluidics; Photonics; Optogenetics", "abstract": "This thesis describes the development of a number of novel microfabricated neural probes for a variety of specific neuroscience applications. These devices rely on single mode waveguides and grating couplers constructed from silicon nitride thin films, which allows the use of planar lightwave circuits to create advanced device geometries and functions. These probes utilize array waveguide gratings to select an individual emitter from a large array of emitters using the wavelength of incoming light, allowing for spatial multiplexing of optical stimulation. These devices were tested in the laboratory and in living tissue to verify their efficacy. This technology was then modified to create steerable beam forming for stimulation of neurons using optical phase arrays. This technology was also tested for use in fluoresence lifetime imaging microscopy and the first application of pulsed light through the photonic circuits. Finally, this technology was again modified to create laminar illumination patterns for light sheet fluorescence microscopy applications. These devices were further improved by adding embedded microfluidics to the probes. The process of creating embedded microfluidic channels by the dig and seal method is described in detail, including modifications to the procedure that were added to address potential pitfalls in the fabrication process. Next, two projects which combine microfluidics with the optical devices described in the previous chapter are detailed. One project involves combining the use of optical emitters with microfluidic injections containing caged neurotransmitters to stimulate neurons is described. The other project involves microfluidic sampling of the extracellular space for neuropeptides which are detected using ring resonator biosensors. The sensitivity of these biosensors was analyzed in detail, determining both the physical limit of detection and the effect of biological noise due to non-specific binding on the sensors.", "date": "2019", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:09172018-140652131", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:09172018-140652131", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "US patent application US20170106204A1", "type": "related", "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20170106204A1/en" }, { "description": "US patent application US20140142664A1", "type": "related", "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140142664A1/en" }, { "description": "Article adapted for chapter 4.", "type": "related", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.4.1.011002" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Released to public view 25 May 2021. // Withheld until 28 April 2020. // From thesis advisor: We are in the process of filing patent disclosures. We failed to register that the embargo was being lifted, and I only became aware that it had been several days ago. A six-month extension of the embargo should be sufficient.", "deposited_by": "Trevor Fowler", "deposited_on": "2018-10-09 18:54:42", "doi": "10.7907/2kvw-ad56", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_bbe" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "faraon@caltech.edu", "id": "Faraon-A", "name": { "family": "Faraon", "given": "Andrei" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "chyang@caltech.edu", "id": "Yang-Changhuei", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Changhuei" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "lester@caltech.edu", "id": "Lester-H-A", "name": { "family": "Lester", "given": "Henry A." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "moreauxl@caltech.edu", "id": "Moreaux-L-C", "name": { "family": "Moreaux", "given": "Laurent C." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2018-08-27", "gradofc_approval_date": "2018-10-09", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "bioeng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Fowler, Trevor Michael", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Faraon, Andrei; Roukes, Michael Lee; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/9800", "eprint_id": 9800, "rev_number": 43, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/68868", "doc_id": 68868, "rev_number": 7, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/189178", "fileid": 189178, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 68868, "filename": "Peter Hung - Thesis Full 20160527_1600.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "dcbab04767e793f814cedae57eb277f0", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 5825782, "mtime": "2016-05-27 23:30:36", "url": "/9800/1/Peter Hung - Thesis Full 20160527_1600.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 9800, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": 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"show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Advanced Applications of Nanoelectromechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "NEMS, Graphene, Silicon on insulator, Aluminum Nitride", "abstract": "Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have advanced the technologies in a wide spectrum of fields, including nonlinear dynamics, sensors for force detection, mass spectrometry, inertial imaging, calorimetry, and charge sensing. Due to their low power consumption, fast response time, large dynamic range, high quality factor, and low mass, NEMS have achieved unprecedented measurement sensitivity. For optimized system functionalization and design, precise characterization of material properties at the nanoscale is essential. In this thesis, we will discuss three applications of NEMS: mechanical switches, using anharmonic nonlinearity to measure device and material properties, and mass spectrometry and inertial imaging.
\r\n\r\nThe first application of NEMS we discuss is NEMS switches, switches with physical moving parts. Conventional electronics, based largely on silicon transistors, is reaching a physical limit in both size and power consumption. Mechanical switches provide a promising solution to surpass this limit by forcing a jump between the on and off states. Graphene, which is a single sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure, has high mechanical strength and strong planar bonding, making it an ideal candidate for nanoelectromechanical switches. In addition, graphene is conductive, which decreases resistive heating at the contact area, therefore reducing bonding issues and subsequently reducing degradation. We demonstrate using exfoliated graphene to fabricate suspended graphene NEMS switches with successful switching.
\r\n\r\nThe second application of NEMS we discuss in this thesis is the use of mechanical nonlinearity to measure device and material properties. While the nonlinear dynamics of NEMS have been used previously to investigate the longitudinal speed of sound of materials at nano- and micro-scales, we correct a previously attempted method that employs the anharmonicity of NEMS arising from deflection-dependent stress to interrogate the transport of RF acoustic phonons at nanometer scales. In contrast to existing approaches, this decouples intrinsic material properties, such as longitudinal speed of sound, from properties associated with linear dynamics, such as tension, of the structure. We demonstrate this approach through measurements of the longitudinal speed of sound in several NEMS devices composed of single crystal silicon along different crystal orientations. Good agreement with literature values is reported.
\r\n\r\nThe third application of NEMS we discuss is mass spectrometry and inertial imaging. Currently, only doubly clamped beams and cantilevers have been experimentally demonstrated for mass spectrometry. We extend the one-dimension model for mass spectrometry to a novel method for inertial imaging. We further extend the theory of mass spectrometry and inertial imaging to two dimensions by using a plate geometry. We show that the mode shape is critical in performing NEMS mass spectrometry and inertial imaging, and that the mode shapes in plates deviate from the ideal scenario with isotropic stress. We experiment with various non-ideal conditions to match non-ideal mode shape observed.
", "date": "2016", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:05272016-154210811", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05272016-154210811", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "local_group": { "items": [ "Kavli Nanoscience Institute" ] }, "suggestions": "Released to public view 1/23/2019 // Reminders for extensions sent to Roukes 04232018 // Originally Withheld until 27 May 2017.// 03082017: Released and Restricted to Caltech community only until 8 September 2017. // 09282017: Extension requested. Restricted to Caltech community only until 28 March 2018.\r\n", "deposited_by": "Peter Hung", "deposited_on": "2017-03-08 21:13:06", "doi": "10.7907/Z9J38QJ3", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "opainter@caltech.edu", "id": "Painter-O-J", "name": { "family": "Painter", "given": "Oskar J." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "schwab@caltech.edu", "id": "Schwab-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schwab", "given": "Keith C." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "ncyeh@caltech.edu", "id": "Yeh-Nai-Chang", "name": { "family": "Yeh", "given": "Nai-Chang" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2016-05-24", "gradofc_approval_date": "2016-05-31", "thesis_awards": "Graduate Deans\u2019 Award for Outstanding Community Service, 2016. The Lucy Guernsey Service Award, 2016.", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Hung, Peter Shek-Ho", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Painter, Oskar J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/9787", "eprint_id": 9787, "rev_number": 37, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/68686", "doc_id": 68686, "rev_number": 8, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/188724", "fileid": 188724, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 68686, "filename": "Bullard_Elizabeth_2016.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "9b90a520fce37414151d0a4d1a632796", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 36222142, "mtime": "2016-05-27 18:51:10", "url": "/9787/1/Bullard_Elizabeth_2016.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 9787, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", 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"message/rfc822\\0117bit", "format": "text/plain", "format_desc": "Policy email sent 02272017", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "To students and advisors of currently full or partially withheld theses in CaltechTHESIS - Bullard Elizabeth Caryn.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "other" }, { "id": "/id/document/130564", "doc_id": 130564, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/376001", "fileid": 376001, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 130564, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "90675bbb0d04ae1b699337df15b8bce2", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 21664, "mtime": "2021-06-24 05:05:52", "url": "/9787/8/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 9787, "pos": 8, "placement": 8, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/68686" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/68686" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/68686" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 4899, "dir": "disk0/00/00/97/87", "datestamp": "2017-03-07 01:04:03", "lastmod": "2019-10-04 00:13:36", "status_changed": "2017-03-07 01:04:03", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "carynbullard@gmail.com", "id": "Bullard-Elizabeth-Caryn", "name": { "family": "Bullard", "given": "Elizabeth Caryn" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8579-2147", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Optimization of NEMS for Frequency Shift Sensing Applications", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "NEMS", "abstract": "This thesis has two areas of focus: the application of the dynamic similarity principle in microelectromechancial systems (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and the study of anomalous phase noise (APN) in MEMS and NEMS. In the first portion of the thesis, we employ the dynamic similarity principle to predict the quality factor due to gas damping in MEMS and NEMS. In the second portion of the thesis, we provide a theoretical framework for sources of phase noise in MEMS and NEMS and describe the measurements that we made to quantify the temperature dependence of anomalous phase noise in silicon doubly clamped beams.", "date": "2016", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:05272016-114505090", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05272016-114505090", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "Article: Dynamic Similarity of Oscillatory Flows Induced by Nanomechanical Resonators", "type": "related", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.015501" }, { "description": "Article: Single-protein nanomechanical mass spectrometry in real time", "type": "related", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.119" }, { "description": "Article: Frequency fluctuations in silicon nanoresonators", "type": "related", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.19" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Released to public view 1/23/2019 // Reminders for extensions sent to Roukes 04232018 // Originally Withheld until 6 June 2017. // 03062017: Released and Restricted to Caltech community only until 1 September 2017. // 09282017: Extension requested. Restricted to Caltech community only until 28 March 2018. ", "deposited_by": "Elizabeth Bullard", "deposited_on": "2017-03-07 01:04:03", "doi": "10.7907/Z9GH9FZ2", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "opainter@caltech.edu", "id": "Painter-O-J", "name": { "family": "Painter", "given": "Oskar J." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "ncyeh@caltech.edu", "id": "Yeh-Nai-Chang", "name": { "family": "Yeh", "given": "Nai-Chang" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2016-03-29", "gradofc_approval_date": "2016-06-06", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. 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"text/plain", "format_desc": "last reminder 11/9/2016 - no answer 12/16/2016", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "LAST REMINDER Follow-up on CaltechTHESIS Senior thesis release request for Li Jarvis (2014).txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "release" }, { "id": "/id/document/129056", "doc_id": 129056, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/374492", "fileid": 374492, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 129056, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "400a89d239dfe36544da14db7b77d998", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 13535, "mtime": "2021-06-24 03:26:47", "url": "/8400/12/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 8400, "pos": 12, "placement": 12, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/48631" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/48631" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/48631" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 9132, "dir": "disk0/00/00/84/00", "datestamp": "2014-06-05 20:43:26", "lastmod": "2022-08-02 21:45:39", "status_changed": "2016-12-16 22:37:21", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "jarvis.li360@gmail.com", "id": "Li-Jarvis", "name": { "family": "Li", "given": "Jarvis" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Nanoelectromechanical Membranes for Multimode Mass Spectrometry", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "nanoelectromechanical systems, NEMS, mass spectrometry, aluminum nitride, membranes, phase-locked loops, resonators, nanotechnology", "abstract": "Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) represent the next wave in miniaturizing various electrical and mechanical devices used in a variety of fields, such as physics, biology, and engineering. In particular, NEMS devices have high surface area to volume ratios, low power consumption, low mass, and extremely small footprints. These properties allow NEMS to explore more fundamental regimes of matter. Current NEMS mass spectrometry advancements have only utilized doubly-clamped beams and cantilevers. However to expand the measurement capabilities of NEMS mass spectrometry, we utilize a circular membrane geometry in order to build upon the existing measurements in 1 spatial dimension to measure mass spatially in 2-dimensions. Furthermore, membranes should provide a larger potential mass dynamic range. For this experiment, we utilize circular piezoelectric membranes of aluminum nitride and molybdenum stacks. For mass deposition, we utilize a technique known as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), which focuses a pulsed UV laser onto the desired sample embedded in a corresponding matrix. The energy causes a plume of particles to desorb off the sample and towards the device. As a particle lands on the device, we are able to deduce its mass from the shift in its resonant frequency. In particular we need to measure the first three resonant frequencies, since the frequency shifts also depend on the location the particle landed on the device. Here we show the viability of our detection setup, mass deposition setup, and our mass deposition results.", "date": "2014", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:05272014-152108855", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05272014-152108855", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "local_group": { "items": [ "Senior Undergraduate Thesis Prize" ] }, "suggestions": "Withheld until 1 June 2016. Released 12/16/2016", "deposited_by": "Jarvis Li", "deposited_on": "2014-06-05 20:43:26", "doi": "10.7907/R6T2-MP04", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "senior_major", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" }, { "email": "peterh@caltech.edu", "id": "Hung-Peter-S", "name": { "family": "Hung", "given": "Peter S." }, "role": "co-advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "ecs@srl.caltech.edu", "id": "Stone-E-C", "name": { "family": "Stone", "given": "Edward C." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "kgl@caltech.edu", "id": "Libbrecht-K-G", "name": { "family": "Libbrecht", "given": "Kenneth George" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "bradf@caltech.edu", "id": "Filippone-B-W", "name": { "family": "Filippone", "given": "Bradley W." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "scf@theory.caltech.edu", "id": "Frautschi-S-C", "name": { "family": "Frautschi", "given": "Steven C." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "tat@cco.caltech.edu", "id": "Tombrello-T-A", "name": { "family": "Tombrello", "given": "Thomas A." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "politzer@theory.caltech.edu", "id": "Politzer-H-D", "name": { "family": "Politzer", "given": "Hugh David" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "rana@caltech.edu", "id": "Adhikari-R", "name": { "family": "Adhikari", "given": "Rana" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "BS", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2014-05-23", "thesis_awards": "Library Friends Senior Thesis Prize Finalist, 2014. D.S. Kothari Prize in Physics, 2014.", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2014", "author_list": "Li, Jarvis", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee and Hung, Peter S.", "comittee_list": "Stone, Edward C.; Libbrecht, Kenneth George; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/7896", "eprint_id": 7896, "rev_number": 37, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/42031", "doc_id": 42031, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/126417", "fileid": 126417, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 42031, "filename": "Thesis_Scott Kelber_June_2013.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "dd34491d59c75a080869941a03b6b326", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 4135635, "mtime": "2013-06-12 20:48:39", "url": "/7896/3/Thesis_Scott Kelber_June_2013.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 7896, "pos": 3, "placement": 3, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", 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} ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 9943, "dir": "disk0/00/00/78/96", "datestamp": "2013-06-18 21:06:56", "lastmod": "2019-10-04 00:02:22", "status_changed": "2016-12-16 22:58:00", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "kelbermeister@gmail.com", "id": "Kelber-Scott-Ian", "name": { "family": "Kelber", "given": "Scott Ian" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Single Particle Mass Spectrometry and Inertial Imaging with Nanomechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Nanotechnology, mass spectrometry, proteomics, structural biology, proteomics, LIAD, MALDI, ESI", "abstract": "This thesis work describes the development of a new technology for mass spectrometry using nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS-MS). Mass spectrometry is a technique used to identify molecules through mass measurement. Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) feature low cost, scalable on-chip compatibility, and are highly sensitivity to the mass of accreted species. Using NEMS devices, we perform NEMS-MS where the inertial mass of individual molecules is directly measured. This contrasts with traditional MS techniques utilizing electromagnetic fields to measure the average mass-to-charge ratio of many molecules.
\r\n\r\nInitially, an ultra-high-vacuum apparatus is constructed to perform NEMS-MS using laser desorption techniques for molecule delivery. An existing technique, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), is implemented without the usual ion optics system in order to permit detection of neutral and ionized particles. This, however, is found to be incompatible with NEMS-MS due to the matrix background.\r\nThe MALDI-NEMS-MS system is then used to measure gold nanoparticles that simultaneously act as the matrix and analyte. These experiments are combined with measurements of IgM antibodies using an ESI (electrospray ionization)-NEMS-MS system to demonstrate single-particle nanomechanical mass spectrometry in real time.
\r\n\r\nThen, the laser desorption-based NEMS-MS system is upgraded to implement laser induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) for particle delivery. LIAD is a matrix-free technique in the mass spectrometry community for desorbing nonvolatile, thermally labile molecules. The LIAD-NEMS-MS system is used for the direct mass measurement of several different types of proteins and protein-complexes with single-protein quantification. Additionally, experimental data is presented that suggests the movement of surface-adsorbed particles along the device surface due to the vibration of the resonant device modes; this remains to be confirmed.
\r\n\r\nFinally, a new methodology, inertial imaging theory, is presented, which enables measurement of the mass and shape of adsorbed particles on a NEMS device. The shifts induced by particle adsorption in the modal frequencies of a resonant device are used to calculate the spatial moments of mass distribution of individual adsorbates, one-by-one, as they adsorb It is shown that the ultimate resolution in particle size of this technique is limited only by fundamental noise processes in the device and not wavelength-dependent diffraction effects. Indeed, atomic resolution is possible using existing NEMS devices.
\r\n", "date": "2013", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:06122013-133415217", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:06122013-133415217", "related_url": { "items": [ { "description": "Patent application US20140244180A1 (Google Patents site)", "type": "other", "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140244180A1/en" }, { "description": "Patent application US20140156224A1 (Google Patents site)", "type": "other", "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140156224A1/en" } ] }, "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "local_group": { "items": [ "Kavli Nanoscience Institute" ] }, "suggestions": "Withheld until 23 July 2015. Released 12/16/2016.\r\n\r\n//Michael Roukes (advisor) contacted me to have thesis embargoed. Retrieved in CaltechTHESIS, and email sent to UMI asking for 2 year embargo. Kathy, 7/23/2013 //", "deposited_by": "Scott Kelber", "deposited_on": "2013-06-18 21:06:56", "doi": "10.7907/Z9PN93MP", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "mroukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "mroukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "jlb@caltech.edu", "id": "Beauchamp-J-L", "name": { "family": "Beauchamp", "given": "Jack L." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "phillips@pboc.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2013-06-12", "gradofc_approval_date": "2013-06-17", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2013", "author_list": "Kelber, Scott Ian", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Beauchamp, Jack L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/7149", "eprint_id": 7149, "rev_number": 40, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/39113", "doc_id": 39113, "rev_number": 9, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/120620", "fileid": 120620, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 39113, "filename": "thesismhm.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "015153c78cb6a90f93c91f1c8e8f7ffc", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 5142974, "mtime": "2013-05-30 21:29:31", "url": "/7149/1/thesismhm.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 7149, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": 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"eprint_id": 7149, "pos": 13, "placement": 13, "mime_type": "message/rfc822\\0117bit", "format": "text/plain", "format_desc": "release request #4 11/14/2016", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "Follow-up CaltechTHESIS PhD thesis release request for Matheny Matthew Hayward (2012).txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "release" }, { "id": "/id/document/74932", "doc_id": 74932, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/211536", "fileid": 211536, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 74932, "filename": "advisor not yet 11222016 Re Follow-up CaltechTHESIS PhD thesis release request for Matheny Matthew Hayward (2012).txt", "mime_type": "message/rfc822\\0117bit", "hash": "fb050c3b5fde98c14ea975f6105059e6", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 6427, "mtime": "2016-11-22 19:36:25", "url": "/7149/14/advisor not yet 11222016 Re Follow-up CaltechTHESIS PhD thesis release request for Matheny Matthew Hayward (2012).txt" } ], "eprint_id": 7149, "pos": 14, "placement": 14, "mime_type": "message/rfc822\\0117bit", "format": "text/plain", "format_desc": "advisor not yet +1yr 11/21/2016", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "advisor not yet 11222016 Re Follow-up CaltechTHESIS PhD thesis release request for Matheny Matthew Hayward (2012).txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "release" }, { "id": "/id/document/76542", "doc_id": 76542, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/216877", "fileid": 216877, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 76542, "filename": "To students and advisors of currently full or partially withheld theses in CaltechTHESIS - Matheny Matthew Hayward.txt", "mime_type": "message/rfc822\\0117bit", "hash": "6c1666fda0857a81e8329ab3309e059c", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 2651, "mtime": "2017-03-06 20:11:55", "url": "/7149/15/To students and advisors of currently full or partially withheld theses in CaltechTHESIS - Matheny Matthew Hayward.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 7149, "pos": 15, "placement": 15, "mime_type": "message/rfc822\\0117bit", "format": "text/plain", "format_desc": "Policy email sent 02272017", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "To students and advisors of currently full or partially withheld theses in CaltechTHESIS - Matheny Matthew Hayward.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "other" }, { "id": "/id/document/127587", "doc_id": 127587, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/373023", "fileid": 373023, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 127587, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "80cbe4b76797fc85bcd1c6cb07693f97", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 23593, "mtime": "2021-06-24 01:53:23", "url": "/7149/16/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 7149, "pos": 16, "placement": 16, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/39113" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/39113" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/39113" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2653, "dir": "disk0/00/00/71/49", "datestamp": "2017-04-12 17:13:53", "lastmod": "2020-10-23 23:59:46", "status_changed": "2017-04-12 17:13:53", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "mathsquared@gmail.com", "id": "Matheny-Matthew-Hayward", "name": { "family": "Matheny", "given": "Matthew Hayward" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Nonisochronous Oscillations in Piezoelectric Nanomechanical Resonators", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "NEMS, Nonlinearity, Mechanics, Oscillators, Nonlinear dynamics", "abstract": "Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have proven an excellent test bed for exploring nonlinear dynamics due to short decay times, weak nonlinearities, and large quality factors. In contrast to previous research in nonlinear dynamics involving driven or phase fixed NEMS, where time is referenced by an external source, we describe phenomena classified by phase free phenomena. Here we describe NEMS embedded into feedback oscillators with weak nonlinearities.
\r\n\r\nWe make measurements of this mechanical nonlinearity by developing a transduction scheme, the piezoelectric/piezoresistive (PZE/PZR) transduction, which emphasizes the detector dynamic range over absolute sensitivity. Using these measurements, projections on quantum nondemolition schemes involving the mechanical nonlinearity as a detector are made. These measurements also are important for understanding the detection limits of NEMS sensor technology, which uses a mechanical resonator as a frequency reference in a phase locked loop (PLL).
\r\n\r\nThis work identifies ways to reduce noise within \u2018nonlinear\u2019 feedback oscillators, and these results have implications for sensing systems using nonlinear mechanical resonators embedded in PLLs. Since the mechanical nonlinearity of PZE/PZR resonators can be accurately calibrated, we make predictions for the behavior of these dynamical systems based on the given mechanical and electrical parameters. We show, theoretically, that local isochronicity above critical nonlinear amplitudes can create special operating points in feedback oscillators at which parametric fluctuations may cause less phase noise in the oscillator than in feedback oscillators driven below critical amplitudes. For these predictions, we present data that show quantitative agreement for the amplitude and frequency, and qualitative agreement for the phase noise.
\r\n\r\nFinally, we show synchronization, assisted by nonisochronicity, between two feedback NEMS oscillators. We develop a general theoretical framework for two saturated feedback oscillators which use resonators with nonlinear stiffness. In the limit of small coupling, we show that the system obeys the Adler equation with analytical predictions for the oscillators\u2019 individual amplitudes and net frequency difference. We develop an experiment in which the three important parameters of the system (detuning, nonisochronicity, and coupling) can be tuned, and show data that agrees with the predictions for a large range of coupling. We include data on phase slipping between two oscillators in which the aperiodic frequency difference is clearly observed. Finally, we present data on phase noise in synchronized oscillators.
", "date": "2012", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:06082012-140554238", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:06082012-140554238", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Withheld until 22 November 2017. // 04122017: Released with files withheld until 22 November 2017.\r\n\r\nCorrections will be made to the thesis before it will be released, per advisor / Kathy 06082012", "deposited_by": "Matt Matheny", "deposited_on": "2017-04-12 17:13:53", "doi": "10.7907/2P71-JT64", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "schwab@caltech.edu", "id": "Schwab-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schwab", "given": "Keith C." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "kgl@caltech.edu", "id": "Libbrecht-K-G", "name": { "family": "Libbrecht", "given": "Kenneth George" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "ronlif@tau.ac.il", "id": "Lifshitz-R", "name": { "family": "Lifshitz", "given": "Ron" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2012-02-15", "gradofc_approval_date": "2012-06-11", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2012", "author_list": "Matheny, Matthew Hayward", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Cross, Michael Clifford; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/6310", "eprint_id": 6310, "rev_number": 27, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/12313", "doc_id": 12313, "rev_number": 4, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/80756", "fileid": 80756, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 12313, "filename": "PhD_thesis_Junho_Suh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 1863489, "mtime": "2012-12-26 04:34:02", "url": "/6310/1/PhD_thesis_Junho_Suh.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 6310, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "PhD_thesis_Junho_Suh.pdf", "media_duration": "0", 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"/id/document/12313" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12313" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 5205, "dir": "disk0/00/00/63/10", "datestamp": "2011-05-18 17:02:07", "lastmod": "2019-10-09 17:08:31", "status_changed": "2011-05-18 17:02:07", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "junhosuh@caltech.edu", "id": "Suh-Junho", "name": { "family": "Suh", "given": "Junho" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0112-0499", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Coupled Dynamics of a Nanomechanical Resonator and Superconducting Quantum Circuits", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "nanoelectromechanical system, qubit, quantum measurement, parametric amplification, superconducting microwave resonator", "abstract": "The coupled dynamics of a nanomechanical resonator and superconducting quantum circuits are studied in three experiments, in the context of studying the quantum limit for force detection and quantum physics of macroscopic objects.
\r\n\r\nIn the first experiment, the dispersive mechanical resonance shift from the interaction with a Cooper-pair box qubit is studied. The measured coupling strength is large enough to satisfy one of the conditions required to perform many of the proposed quantum nanomechanical measurements. The resonance shift also probes the microwave-driven response of the qubit, showing Rabi oscillation and Landau-Zener tunneling, proving the coherent dynamics of the qubit.
\r\n\r\nSecond, the parametric excitation of nanomechanical motion is studied via experiments with a driven qubit. Degenerate parametric amplification and oscillation are demonstrated, with a new observation of nonlinear dissipation. The squeezing of the back-action noise from the detection amplifier is also observed, up to 4dB. It is the first demonstration using a qubit as an auxiliary system to modify the nanomechanical dynamics, showing a possible route for generation of nanomechanical quantum states.
\r\n\r\nFinally, back-action cooling of nanomechanical motion has been investigated, which is implemented by capacitively coupling a high-Q coplanar waveguide microwave resonator to a nanomechanical resonator. The thermal state with 7.5 mechanical quanta on average is reached, a result that is ultimately limited due to increased bath heating with microwave power. The heating is consistent with a model based on two-level systems resonantly coupled to the nanomechanical mode. This additional heating suggests future efforts to improve coupling and for reducing two-level system density in materials employed to reach the motional ground state via back-action cooling.
", "date": "2011", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:04122011-090427340", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04122011-090427340", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Junho Suh", "deposited_on": "2011-05-18 17:02:07", "doi": "10.7907/99JV-AF45", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "yanbei@its.caltech.edu", "id": "Chen-Yanbei", "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Yanbei" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "schwab@caltech.edu", "id": "Schwab-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schwab", "given": "Keith C." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "vahala@caltech.edu", "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry J." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2011-03-09", "gradofc_approval_date": "2011-05-17", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Suh, Junho", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Chen, Yanbei; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/6489", "eprint_id": 6489, "rev_number": 43, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/45462", "doc_id": 45462, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/133677", "fileid": 133677, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 45462, "filename": "Thesis_MS_Hanay.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "1feceeffefe4226ead92c5d45a3e4f08", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 4754543, "mtime": "2014-02-01 00:23:22", "url": "/6489/1/Thesis_MS_Hanay.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 6489, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": 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"media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "release" }, { "id": "/id/document/126841", "doc_id": 126841, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/372275", "fileid": 372275, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 126841, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "da5b066d99d7e7fe7ec75964999b3cda", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 23632, "mtime": "2021-06-24 01:08:37", "url": "/6489/24/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 6489, "pos": 24, "placement": 24, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/45462" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/45462" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/45462" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 5698, "dir": "disk0/00/00/64/89", "datestamp": "2016-12-16 23:07:38", "lastmod": "2019-10-03 23:52:03", "status_changed": "2016-12-16 23:07:38", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "selimhanay@bilkent.edu.tr", "id": "Hanay-Mehmet-Selim", "name": { "family": "Hanay", "given": "Mehmet Selim" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1928-044X", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Towards Single-Molecule Nanomechanical Mass Spectrometry", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Nanoscience ; Nanotechnology ; Nanoelectromechanical Systems ; Mass Spectrometry ; NEMS ; Multimode ; Error Analysis ; Multimode Error Analysis", "abstract": "We present an initial attempt to perform mass spectrometry (MS) of single proteins and gold nanoparticles with nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Mass spectrometry, the identification of molecules based on their masses, is one of the most important techniques in proteomics research currently. NEMS devices, with their exquisite sensitivities, low costs, and abilities to detect neutral molecules, offers a promising paradigm for performing mass spectrometry.
\r\n\r\nIn our first-generation experiments, protein molecules, and gold nanoparticles were ionized by electrospray ionization (ESI) and transported to a NEMS chip, through a differential vacuum system, by hexapolar ion guides. NEMS was transduced by magnetomotive technique and the fundamental mode of the flexural resonance was monitored. Species landing on the NEMS are weighted through the change in the frequency of the resonator. Two protein species (66 kDa and 200 kDa) and 5 nm gold nanoparticles were analyzed with this technique, with mass resolution level of 15 kDa.
\r\n\r\nA method to remove the position dependency of the frequency shift was developed employing two different modes of a nanomechanical beam. The uncertainties of mass and position values are calculated as a function of the frequency noise of the first and second modes of the beam.
\r\n\r\nIn our second-generation experiments, the first and second flexural modes of a doubly-clamped beam were tracked in real time. Nanoparticles and biospecies are again produced through ESI and transported through ion optics. The adsorption of 10 nm GNPs and IgM protein (950 kDa) were observed. Mass values for these events are obtained with the multimode analysis technique and shown to be consistent with the expected values.
\r\n", "date": "2011", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:06022011-092614335", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:06022011-092614335", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Withheld until 31 October 2015. Released 12/16/2016.\r\n", "deposited_by": "Mehmet Hanay", "deposited_on": "2016-12-16 23:07:38", "doi": "10.7907/Z9JW8BVH", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "sefraser@caltech.edu", "id": "Fraser-S-E", "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Scott E." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "jpe@caltech.edu", "id": "Eisenstein-J-P", "name": { "family": "Eisenstein", "given": "James P." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2011-06-01", "gradofc_approval_date": "2011-06-02", "review_status": "withheld", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Hanay, Mehmet Selim", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Fraser, Scott E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5180", "eprint_id": 5180, "rev_number": 30, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/35700", "doc_id": 35700, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/112601", "fileid": 112601, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 35700, "filename": "AxelrodBWThesisFinal.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "28b7744087e472ea1c579fc29763fc44", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 3781779, "mtime": "2013-03-07 00:40:26", "url": "/5180/1/AxelrodBWThesisFinal.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5180, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "AxelrodBWThesisFinal.pdf", 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In addition, cells exert forces on their surroundings to orient themselves within an organism, thus gaining information that influences cell fate and behavior, a process called mechanotransduction. In order to study mechanotransduction, a tool is needed that can observe the molecular level sensing events that trigger a decision by a cell as well as the ultimate response that occurs on the whole cell level. There are a number of optical techniques that are used to measure forces from adherent cells at the single cell level; some are good for measuring whole cell forces and some for measuring single molecule level forces, but none have the dynamic range necessary to span both regimes, which is critical for understanding mechanotransduction. To address this need, I have developed a Nano-ElectroMechanical Systems (NEMS) based tool, Single-Cell-Pico-Force-Microscopy (SCPFM), that measures forces exerted by adherent cells with macro-molecular level force sensitivity and sufficient dynamic range to monitor whole cell responses to stimuli with macro-molecular resolution. I have used SCPFM to measure force versus time data from a NIH-3T3 fibroblast as it is perturbed with Cytochalasin D (CD) and allowed to recover in growth media. Within the data there are three excellent examples of previously inaccessible molecular-mechanical processes that illustrate the immense potential of SCPFM to significantly enhance resolution of cell biology at the single cell level: 1) an initial contraction upon exposure to CD followed by the expected force drop, 2) small force oscillations, roughly 400pN peak-to-peak, with frequency that is monotonically dependent on the force being exerted by the lamellipodia, and 3) large, stable, quantized force steps of order 1nN are manifested when a cell\u2019s cytoskeleton is perturbed with CD and allowed to recover in growth media. I propose two complimentary experimental efforts to undertake: a systematic effort to build a library of molecular-mechanical force signatures of various common cytoskeleton reactions and an effort to stimulate and observe compliance sensing and response in adherent cells.\r\n", "date": "2009", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-04082009-102110", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04082009-102110", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "local_group": { "items": [ "Kavli Nanoscience Institute" ] }, "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2009-04-28", "doi": "10.7907/ESGS-Z942", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "phillips@pboc.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "melowitz@caltech.edu", "id": "Elowitz-M-B", "name": { "family": "Elowitz", "given": "Michael B." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "sefraser@caltech.edu", "id": "Fraser-S-E", "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Scott E." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2009-04-08", "thesis_defense_date": "2009-01-28", "thesis_approved_date": "2009-04-28", "gradofc_approval_date": "2009-04-24", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2009", "author_list": "Axelrod, Blake Waters", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Phillips, Robert B.; Elowitz, Michael B.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5190", "eprint_id": 5190, "rev_number": 17, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/8217", "doc_id": 8217, "rev_number": 4, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/50770", "fileid": 50770, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 8217, "filename": "thesis_v1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 3644509, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:15:49", "url": "/5190/1/thesis_v1.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5190, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "thesis_v1.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", 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text/plain to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12137" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12137" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12137" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/51/90", "datestamp": "2008-05-22", "lastmod": "2019-12-03 22:31:20", "status_changed": "2011-05-09 16:58:14", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "bargatin@gmail.com", "id": "Bargatin-Igor", "name": { "family": "Bargatin", "given": "Igor" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0305-9932", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "High-Frequency Nanomechanical Resonators for Sensor Applications", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS)", "abstract": "This thesis describes new ways of operating high-frequency nanomechanical resonators and using them for sensor applications.
\r\n\r\nThe first part of the thesis is devoted to the techniques of detecting, actuating, and tuning the resonance motion of nanomechanical resonators. First, I consider piezoresistive detection using integrated thin-film piezoresistors made of doped semiconductors or metals. I describe the piezoresistive downmixing technique, which typically results in better performance than the conventional DC biasing technique. I then proceed to the possible ways of actuating the motion of nanomechanical resonators. After describing the challenges of applying the piezoshaker actuation technique to high-frequency resonators, I consider two alternatives: permanent-magnet magnetomotive actuation and Joule-heat-driven thermoelastic actuation. I demonstrate that the combination of thermoelastic actuation and piezoresistive detection can be used to efficiently detect multiple modes of nanomechanical resonators. Finally, I consider two ways of tuning the frequency of nanomechanical resonators: electrostatic tuning and absorptive tuning.
\r\n\r\nThe second part of the thesis is devoted to applications of nanoscale resonators to spin sensing, studies of dissipation of mechanical motion, and gas sensing. I consider possible ways of observing the coupling between mechanical motion and spins, describe our experimental results, and explore the analogy between coupled the spin--resonator system and the quantum-optical model of a laser. I then describe the results of quality-factor measurements in vacuum and air for doubly clamped beams and other resonator geometries. Finally, I describe a way to build better gas sensors by using arrays of nanomechanical resonators and present the preliminary gas-sensing data.
\r\n", "date": "2008", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05202008-151058", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05202008-151058", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "bargatin@stanford.edu; bargatin@seas.upenn.edu (11272019)", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2008-05-22", "doi": "10.7907/CGMH-CZ67", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "etcher@caltech.edu", "id": "Scherer-A", "name": { "family": "Scherer", "given": "Axel" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "vahala@caltech.edu", "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry J." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2008-05-20", "thesis_defense_date": "2008-05-14", "thesis_approved_date": "2008-05-22", "gradofc_approval_date": "2008-05-21", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "option_minor": { "items": [ "eleceng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2008", "author_list": "Bargatin, Igor", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Scherer, Axel; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5209", "eprint_id": 5209, "rev_number": 31, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/36358", "doc_id": 36358, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/113959", "fileid": 113959, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 36358, "filename": "Wonhee_Thesis_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "37affbf95f62699e6a2c64bb235b0db5", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 4633312, "mtime": "2013-03-21 21:53:42", "url": "/5209/1/Wonhee_Thesis_Final.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5209, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "Wonhee_Thesis_Final.pdf", "language": "en", 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"creators": { "items": [ { "email": "whlee153@kaist.ac.kr", "id": "Lee-Wonhee", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Wonhee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0119-4372", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Microfluidic Chip Calorimeters for Biological Applications", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Biosensor; Calorimeter; Microfluidics; Parylene", "abstract": "The usage of calorimeters is limited due to its long measurement time and large sample consumption, despite its many advantages including universal applicability and simple sample preparation. Miniaturization of calorimeters not only resolves these problems, it also enables high-throughput measurements with array operations. We have developed microfluidic chip calorimeters with high sensitivity and reliable microfluidics-based sample handling. Immense sensitivity improvements are attained through reduction of the thermal conductance via on-chip vacuum insulation. This is enabled by Parylene thin-film microfluidic systems. Polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic systems, combined with the Parylene microfluidic system, gives easy and accurate control of picoliter-scale sample volume in a manner that is easily scalable to large, complex systems. Two device classes have been realized.
\r\n\r\nHeat conduction calorimeters for biochemical reactions with 3.5 nL sample volume were built and validated by measurements of the heat of mixing and of enzyme activity. The thermal conductance of these devices was 15.5 \u00b5W/K and their power sensitivity was 4.2 nW. These devices can be built as calorimetric arrays to enable high-throughput heat of reaction measurements upon libraries of biomolecular interactions.
\r\n\r\nFlow calorimeters were designed for sensor applications and measurements of cellular metabolism. The thermal conductance of these devices was 4.7 \u00b5W/K and their power sensitivity was 1.5 nW. Further reduction of thermal conductance and optimal thermocouple materials will deliver sensitivity of order ~1 pW, which will enable real-time measurement of single cell metabolism.
", "date": "2008", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05282008-103138", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05282008-103138", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2008-06-02", "doi": "10.7907/W8E0-4W22", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "guochin@caltech.edu", "id": "Guo-Chin-Lin", "name": { "family": "Guo", "given": "Chin-Lin" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "melowitz@caltech.edu", "id": "Elowitz-M-B", "name": { "family": "Elowitz", "given": "Michael B." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "phillips@pboc.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2008-05-28", "thesis_defense_date": "2008-05-19", "thesis_approved_date": "2008-06-02", "gradofc_approval_date": "2008-05-30", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2008", "author_list": "Lee, Wonhee", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Guo, Chin-Lin; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5185", "eprint_id": 5185, "rev_number": 17, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/8196", "doc_id": 8196, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/50601", "fileid": 50601, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 8196, "filename": "Rassul_Karabalin_Thesis.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 15538339, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:15:39", "url": "/5185/1/Rassul_Karabalin_Thesis.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5185, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "Rassul_Karabalin_Thesis.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": 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"status_changed": "2011-05-09 17:09:22", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "rassul@gmail.com", "id": "Karabalin-Rassul", "name": { "family": "Karabalin", "given": "Rassul" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear, Coupled, and Parametric Nanoelectromechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "nonlinear coupled parametric nanoelectromechanical", "abstract": "Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology hold enormous promises to benefit humankind in basic research, industry, and everyday life. One particular class of the vast field of nanodevices is resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), which have recently attracted considerable research interest. While many of obstacles have been overcome in fundamental physics and engineering research of NEMS, intriguing questions and technological challenges remain unmet. This thesis is primarily focused on the studies of parametric, nonlinear, and coupled NEMS resonators.
\r\n\r\nIn this work the first very high-frequency (VHF) nanomechanical degenerate parametric amplifiers have been demonstrated by employing both magnetomotive and piezoelectric parametric pumping. A mechanical gain of 1000 and quality factor enhancement of 75 have been achieved. Such parametric resonators and nanomechanical amplification make it possible to evade the often-dominant transducer and amplifier noise, thus offering possibilities for improving the sensitivity of NEMS sensors, for exploring mechanical-domain signal processing, and for noise squeezing in precision physics measurements.
\r\n\r\nThe thesis also focuses on the rich dynamics and physics of coupled NEMS resonators. First, the major mechanisms of coupling are investigated both experimentally and analytically. The formalism for characterizing a new basis of vibration modes for strongly coupled nanoresonators is developed and experimentally demonstrated for systems with two, three and ten NEMS devices. By employing a pair of coupled resonators for long-term drift compensation, considerable improvement in resonator frequency stability is demonstrated. Simple linear interaction in nonlinear nanomechanical resonators is shown to generate remarkably complex and rich behavior including spontaneous state transition and chaos.
\r\n\r\nFinally, the complexity of the system is further increased when coupled and parametric effects are combined. A novel nanomechanical amplification mechanism has been discovered, based on the dynamical changes that an input signal induces in the topology of a bifurcation diagram of a system of two weakly coupled parametric resonators. Another interesting phenomenon\u2014nondegenerate parametric NEMS amplification is demonstrated in the case of strong coupling. This is a promising route to low noise mechanical displacement sensing because it not only provides a fundamentally noiseless amplification mechanism, but also it decouples pump and signal frequency.
", "date": "2008", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05092008-093609", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05092008-093609", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2008-05-22", "doi": "10.7907/4GR5-3517", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "hajimiri@caltech.edu", "id": "Hajimiri-A", "name": { "family": "Hajimiri", "given": "Ali" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc William" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2008-05-09", "thesis_defense_date": "2008-04-02", "thesis_approved_date": "2008-05-22", "gradofc_approval_date": "2008-05-21", "thesis_awards": "Demetriades-Tsafka-Kokkalis Prize in Nanotechnology or Related Fields, 2008.", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2008", "author_list": "Karabalin, Rassul", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Hajimiri, Ali; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5191", "eprint_id": 5191, "rev_number": 18, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/8218", "doc_id": 8218, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/50786", "fileid": 50786, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 8218, "filename": "MoLi_Thesis_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 4602284, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:15:49", "url": "/5191/1/MoLi_Thesis_Final.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5191, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "MoLi_Thesis_Final.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "MoLi_Thesis_Final.pdf", 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systems (NEMS) have been proven to be ultrasensitive sensors for a variety of physical variables with unprecedented sensitivity, including force, mass, electrical charge, magnetic field, pressure, and heat. This thesis is intended to discuss using NEMS devices as chemical gas sensors, in a portable and compact total chemical analysis system. An integrated transduction method using piezoresistive metallic thin film is described, which enables both fabrication and operation of nanoscale NEMS resonator devices with resonance frequency up to very high frequency (VHF). The advantages over using traditional doped semiconductor film as piezoresistive material is discussed. Performance and noise properties of the devices are carefully characterized. The dependence between quality factor, device dimension, and pressure is studied, and very high quality factor is obtained with devices at nanoscale dimensions, indicating advantages over their microscale counterparts. Subsequently, the resonator devices are employed as a mass sensor, demonstrating attogram scale mass sensitivity in ambient conditions. Application of these devices as detectors in a gas chromatographic (GC) system is then described, together with method of coating them with functional polymeric film. Detection of multiple analytes of nerve gas simulants with ultrahigh speed, superior sensitivity, and excellent selectivity is achieved. The replacement of conventional bulky detectors with an NEMS detector makes fully integrated microscale gas analysis system possible, which has promising potential applications in health care, medical science, and environmental science.", "date": "2007", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05212007-112803", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05212007-112803", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "There is another Mo Li who graduated in 1994 with a PhD in Applied Physics. Not the same person. This one is currently faculty at U. of Washington Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering / skj 03172020", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2007-05-30", "doi": "10.7907/0KB4-H204", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "vahala@caltech.edu", "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry J." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc William" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "nslewis@cco.caltech.edu", "id": "Lewis-N-S", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Nathan Saul" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2007-05-21", "thesis_defense_date": "2007-05-11", "thesis_approved_date": "2007-05-30", "gradofc_approval_date": "2007-05-30", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2007", "author_list": "Li, Mo", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Vahala, Kerry J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5213", "eprint_id": 5213, "rev_number": 48, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/36372", "doc_id": 36372, "rev_number": 9, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/113980", "fileid": 113980, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 36372, "filename": "FengXL-2007-Thesis.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "99291dce770296a02296163e103b398b", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 8654797, "mtime": "2013-03-21 22:03:13", "url": "/5213/1/FengXL-2007-Thesis.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5213, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "FengXL-2007-Thesis.pdf", "language": "en", 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"type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "philip.feng@case.edu", "id": "Feng-Philip-Xiao-Li", "name": { "family": "Feng", "given": "Philip Xiao-Li" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1083-2391", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Ultra-High Frequency Nanoelectromechanical Systems with Low-Noise Technologies for Single-Molecule Mass Sensing", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Frequency stability; high frequency; mass sensing; nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS); nanowire; oscillator; phase noise; quality factor; resonator", "abstract": "Advancing today's very rudimentary nanodevices toward functional nanosystems with considerable complexity and advanced performance imposes enormous challenges. This thesis presents the research on ultra-high frequency (UHF) nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in combination with low-noise technologies that enable single-molecule mass sensing and offer promises for NEMS-based mass spectrometry (MS) with single-Dalton sensitivity. The generic protocol for NEMS resonant mass sensing is based on real-time locking and tracking of the resonance frequency as it is shifted by the mass-loading effect. This has been implemented in two modes: (i) creating an active self-sustaining oscillator based on the NEMS resonator, and (ii) a higher-precision external oscillator phase-locking to and tracking the NEMS resonance.
\r\n\r\nThe first UHF low-noise self-sustaining NEMS oscillator has been demonstrated by using a 428MHz vibrating NEMS resonator as the frequency reference. This stable UHF NEMS oscillator exhibits ~0.3ppm frequency stability and ~50zg (1zg = 10-21 g) mass resolution with its excellent wideband-operation (~0.2MHz) capability. Given its promising phase noise performance, the active NEMS oscillator technology also offers important potentials for realizing NEMS-based radio-frequency (RF) local oscillators, voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), and synchronized oscillators and arrays that could lead to nanomechanical signal processing and communication. The demonstrated NEMS oscillator operates at much higher frequency than conventional crystal oscillators and their overtones do, which opens new possibilities for the ultimate miniaturization of advanced crystal oscillators.
\r\n\r\nLow-noise phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques have been developed and engineered to integrate with the resonance detection circuitry for the passive UHF NEMS resonators. Implementations of the NEMS-PLL mode with generations of low-loss UHF NEMS resonators demonstrate improving performance, namely, reduced noise and enhanced dynamic range. Very compelling frequency stability of ~0.02ppm and unprecedented mass sensitivity approaching 1zg has been achieved with a typical 500MHz device in the narrow-band NEMS-PLL operation.
\r\n\r\nRetaining high quality factors (Q's) while scaling up frequency has become crucial for UHF NEMS resonators. Extensive measurements, together with theoretical modeling, have been performed to investigate various energy loss mechanisms and their effects on UHF devices. This leads to important insights and guidelines for device Q-engineering.
\r\n\r\nThe first VHF/UHF silicon nanowire (NW) resonators have been demonstrated based on single-crystal Si NWs made by bottom-up chemical synthesis nanofabrication. Pristine Si NWs have well-faceted surfaces and exhibit high Q's (Q \u2248 13100 at 80MHz and Q \u2248 5750 at 215MHz). Given their ultra-small active mass and very high mass responsivity, these Si NWs also offer excellent mass sensitivity in the ~10?50zg range.
\r\n\r\nThese UHF NEMS and electronic control technologies have demonstrated promising mass sensitivity for kilo-Dalton-range single-biomolecule mass sensing. The achieved performance roadmap, and that extended by next generations of devices, clearly indicates realistic and viable paths toward the single-Dalton mass sensitivity. With further elaborate engineering, prototype NEMS-MS is optimistically within reach.
", "date": "2007", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05292007-002034", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05292007-002034", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "Released to public view 05312018 // Withheld until 28 November 2018. 03012017: Released and Restricted to Caltech community only until 1 September 2017.", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2007-05-31", "doi": "10.7907/Z9NC5Z62", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "hajimiri@caltech.edu", "id": "Hajimiri-S-A", "name": { "family": "Hajimiri", "given": "S. Ali" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "chyang@caltech.edu", "id": "Yang-Changhuei", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Changhuei" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc W." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "ronlif@tau.ac.il", "id": "Lifshitz-R", "name": { "family": "Lifshitz", "given": "Ron" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2007-05-29", "thesis_defense_date": "2006-08-14", "thesis_approved_date": "2007-05-31", "gradofc_approval_date": "2007-05-30", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "eleceng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2007", "author_list": "Feng, Philip Xiao-Li", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Hajimiri, S. 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"thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "smasmanidis@ucla.edu", "id": "Masmanidis-Sotirios-Konstantinos", "name": { "family": "Masmanidis", "given": "Sotirios Konstantinos" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8699-3335", "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Piezoelectric and Magnetoelastic Strain in the Transduction and Frequency Control of Nanomechanical Resonators", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "D-NEMS; depletion-mediated coupling; frequency tuning; piezoelectric anisotropy; magnetoelastic; nanomechanical; actuation; transduction", "abstract": "Stress and strain play a central role in semiconductors, and are strongly manifested at the nanometer-scale regime. Piezoelectricity and magnetostriction produce internal strains that are anisotropic and addressable via a remote electric or magnetic field. These properties could greatly benefit the nascent field of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), which promises to impact a variety of sensor and actuator applications. The piezoelectric semiconductor GaAs is used as a platform for probing novel implementations of resonant nanomechanical actuation and frequency control. GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures can be grown epitaxially, are easily amenable to suspended nanostructure fabrication, have a modest piezoelectric coefficient roughly twice that of quartz, and if appropriately doped with manganese, can form dilute magnetic compounds. In ordinary piezoelectric transducers there is a clear distinction between the metal electrodes and piezoelectric insulator. But this distinction is blurred in semiconductors. An integrated piezoelectric actuation mechanism is demonstrated in a series of suspended anisotype GaAs junctions, notably pin diodes. A dc bias was found to alter the resonance amplitude and frequency in such devices. The results are in good agreement with a model of strain based actuation encompassing the diode\u2019s voltage-dependent carrier depletion width and impedance. A bandstructure engineering approach is employed to control the actuation efficiency by appropriately designing the doping level and thickness of the GaAs structure. Actuation and frequency are also sensitively dependent on the device\u2019s crystallographic orientation. This combined tuning behavior represents a novel type of depletion-mediated electromechanical coupling in piezoelectric semiconductor nanostructures. All devices are actuated piezoelectrically, whereas three techniques are demonstrated for sensing: optical interferometry, piezoresistance and piezoelectricity. Finally, a nanoelectromechanical GaMnAs resonator is used to obtain the first measurement of magnetostriction in a dilute magnetic semiconductor. Resonance frequency shifts induced by field-dependent magnetoelastic stress are used to simultaneously map the magnetostriction and magnetic anisotropy constants over a wide range of temperatures. Owing to the central role of carriers in controlling ferromagnetic interactions in this material, the results appear to provide insight into a unique form of magnetoelastic behavior mediated by holes.", "date": "2007", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-07282006-141724", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-07282006-141724", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2006-08-03", "doi": "10.7907/85NX-A673", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "etcher@caltech.edu", "id": "Scherer-A", "name": { "family": "Scherer", "given": "Axel" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "vahala@caltech.edu", "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry J." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc William" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2006-07-28", "thesis_defense_date": "2006-07-24", "thesis_approved_date": "2006-08-03", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2007", "author_list": "Masmanidis, Sotirios Konstantinos", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Scherer, Axel; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/842", "eprint_id": 842, "rev_number": 11, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/1267", "doc_id": 1267, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/7948", "fileid": 7948, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 1267, "filename": "thesis_kozinsky.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 3768238, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:32:52", "url": "/842/1/thesis_kozinsky.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 842, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "thesis_kozinsky.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "thesis_kozinsky.pdf", 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], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/08/42", "datestamp": "2007-03-06", "lastmod": "2020-02-26 20:03:16", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 01:47:54", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kozinsky-Inna", "name": { "family": "Kozinsky", "given": "Inna" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear Nanoelectromechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "fitting lorentzian curve; frequency tuning; magnetomotive; multiple modes; multiple scales; nonlinearity tuning; piezoresistive detection; scanning electron microscope detection; SEM detection; silicon carbide; silicon nitride; theory of elasticity; thermoelastic drive", "abstract": "Nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS), used as sensors for small masses and forces, have traditionally been operated in the linear regime. While convenient for engineering applications, the linear regime is getting harder to maintain as the devices grow smaller. The first part of this thesis develops a theoretical framework for analysis of nonlinear nanomechanical devices and establishes that nonlinear effects become more significant in smaller resonators. As a result, nonlinear nanomechanical resonators offer a convenient playground for studies of nonlinear dynamics as well as open up new possibilities for enhancing performance of NEMS devices. To illustrate both of these trends, the thesis presents experimental investigations of nonlinear dynamics using nanoresonators and demonstrates several effects in nonlinear NEMS in an effort to build the foundation necessary for engineering highly sensitive, versatile, and controllable NEMS devices.
\r\n\r\nAs an example of exploring nonlinear dynamics with NEMS, we present the experimental mapping of basins of attraction of a nonlinear platinum nanowire resonator. We also measure the rate of the observed noise-induced transitions between two stable states in the nonlinear regime as the artificial noise is added to the system. An additional set of experiments demonstrates increased versatility of NEMS devices made possible by their intrinsic nonlinearity. Devices with tunable frequency, nonlinearity, and dynamic range are explored experimentally and theoretically. We show how to induce the coupling of orthogonal modes in nanomechanical resonators. We also detect multiple higher-order modes in doubly-clamped beams and observe increased dynamic range of operation in these modes. Several ideas for further experiments with nonlinear nanomechanical resonators are proposed.
", "date": "2007", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-03022007-142824", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03022007-142824", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2007-03-06", "doi": "10.7907/D5Z7-E155", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "hmabuchi@caltech.edu", "id": "Mabuchi-H", "name": { "family": "Mabuchi", "given": "Hideo" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "ronlif@tau.ac.il", "id": "Lifshitz-R", "name": { "family": "Lifshitz", "given": "Ron" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2007-03-02", "thesis_defense_date": "2007-02-08", "thesis_approved_date": "2007-03-06", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2007", "author_list": "Kozinsky, Inna", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Mabuchi, Hideo; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/5255", "eprint_id": 5255, "rev_number": 74, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/8397", "doc_id": 8397, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/52195", "fileid": 52195, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 8397, "filename": "01-cover.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 37425, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:17:00", "url": "/5255/1/01-cover.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 5255, "pos": 1, "placement": 2, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "01-cover.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "01-cover.pdf", "media_duration": "0", 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"type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/14276" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/14276" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/14276" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/52/55", "datestamp": "2006-10-17", "lastmod": "2020-05-06 22:42:40", "status_changed": "2012-02-24 17:08:01", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "yatang_yang@yahoo.com", "id": "Yang-Ya-Tang", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Ya-Tang" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Phase Noise of Nanoelectromechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "MEMS; nanomechanics; NEMS; phase noise", "abstract": "Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scaled down to nanometer range. As the size of the NEMS resonators is scaled downward, some fundamental and nonfundamental noise processes will impose sensitivity limits to their performance. In this work, we first present theory of phase noise mechanism of NEMS to examine both fundamental and nonfundamental noise processes. Fundamental noise processes considered here include thermomechanical noise, momentum-exchange noise, adsorption-desorption noise, diffusion noise, and temperature-fluctuation noise. For nonfundamental noise processes, we develop a formalism to consider the Nyquist-Johnson noise from transducer-amplifier implementations.
\r\n\r\nAs an initial step to experimental exploration of these noise processes, we describe and analyze several phase-locked loop schemes based on NEMS at very high frequency and ultrahigh frequency bands. In particular, we measure diffusion noise of NEMS arising from xenon atoms adsorbed on the device surface using the frequency modulation phase-locked loop. The observed spectra of fractional frequency noise and Allan deviation agree well with the prediction from diffusion noise theory.
\r\n\r\nFinally, NEMS resonators also provide unprecedented sensitivity for inertial mass sensing. We demonstrate in situ measurement in real time with mass floor of ~20 zg. Our best mass sensitivity corresponds to ~7 zeptograms, equivalent to ~30 xenon atoms or the mass of an individual 4 kDa molecule. Detailed analysis of the ultimate sensitivity of such devices based on these experimental results indicates that NEMS can ultimately provide inertial mass sensing of individual intact, electrically neutral macromolecules with single-Dalton sensitivity.
", "date": "2006", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-10162006-124404", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10162006-124404", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "suggestions": "printed.\r\n\r\nytyang@ee.nthu.edu.tw", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2006-10-17", "doi": "10.7907/YDZP-3X10", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael L." }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael L." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "etcher@caltech.edu", "id": "Scherer-A", "name": { "family": "Scherer", "given": "Axel" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "dg@caltech.edu", "id": "Goodstein-D-L", "name": { "family": "Goodstein", "given": "David L." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc William" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2006-10-16", "thesis_defense_date": "2004-08-09", "thesis_approved_date": "2006-10-17", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2006", "author_list": "Yang, Ya-Tang", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael L.", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael L.; Scherer, Axel; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/1060", "eprint_id": 1060, "rev_number": 11, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/1625", "doc_id": 1625, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/10129", "fileid": 10129, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 1625, "filename": "Jessica-Arlett-thesis-finalversion-Mar2206.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 6083140, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:34:59", "url": "/1060/1/Jessica-Arlett-thesis-finalversion-Mar2206.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 1060, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "Jessica-Arlett-thesis-finalversion-Mar2206.pdf", "language": "en", "security": 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"http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12173" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/12173" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/10/60", "datestamp": "2006-03-23", "lastmod": "2020-03-31 21:10:03", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 01:54:02", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "arlett@caltech.edu", "id": "Arlett-Jessica-Lynn", "name": { "family": "Arlett", "given": "Jessica Lynn" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Properties of Piezoresistive Silicon Nano-scale Cantilevers with Applications to BioNEMS", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "BioNEMS; biosensor; cantilever; NEMS; piezoresistive; silicon; stochastic", "abstract": "Over the last decade a great deal of interest has been raised in applications of Microelectromechanical Sensors [MEMS] for the detection of biological molecules and to the study of their forces of interaction. Experiments in these areas have included Force Spectroscopy (Chemical Force Microscopy), MEMS patch clamp technology, and surface stress sensors. All of these technologies suffer from limitations on temporal response and involve devices with active surface areas that are large compared to molecular dimensions. Biofunctionalized nanoelectromechanical systems (BioNEMS) have the potential to overcome both of these hurdles, offering important new prospects for single-molecule force assays that are amenable to large scale integration. Results are presented here on the characterization of piezoresistive silicon cantilevers with applications to BioNEMS devices. The cantilevers were characterized by studying their response in gaseous ambients under a number of drive conditions including magnetic, piezoelectric, and thermal actuation, in addition to passive detection of the thermomechanical response. The measurements were performed at liquid helium temperature, at room temperature, and over a range of pressures (atmospheric pressure to 30mT). Theoretical studies have been performed on the response of these devices to Brownian fluctuations in fluid, on the feasibility of these devices as surface stress sensors, and on improvements in device design as compared to piezoresistive surface stress sensors currently discussed in the literature. The devices were encapsulated in microfluidics and measurements were performed to show the noise floor in fluid. The piezoresistive response of the device in fluid was shown through the use of pulsatory fluidic drive. As a proof of concept, biodetection experiments are presented for biotin labeled beads. The biofunctionalization for the latter experiment was performed entirely within the microfluidics. A discussion of how these experiments can be extended to other cells, spores, and molecules is presented.\r\n", "date": "2006", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-03222006-125635", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03222006-125635", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2006-03-23", "doi": "10.7907/1CRV-VC02", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "etcher@caltech.edu", "id": "Scherer-A", "name": { "family": "Scherer", "given": "Axel" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "phillips@pboc.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "sefraser@caltech.edu", "id": "Fraser-S-E", "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Scott E." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2006-03-22", "thesis_defense_date": "2006-03-03", "thesis_approved_date": "2006-03-23", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2006", "author_list": "Arlett, Jessica Lynn", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Scherer, Axel; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/729", "eprint_id": 729, "rev_number": 18, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/1098", "doc_id": 1098, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/6880", "fileid": 6880, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 1098, "filename": "thesis_final_version2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 3417275, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:32:01", "url": "/729/1/thesis_final_version2.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 729, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "thesis_final_version2.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "final", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVolatileVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17899" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/haspreviewThumbnailVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17899" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17899" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/17899", "doc_id": 17899, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/6878", "fileid": 6878, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 17899, "filename": "preview.png", "mime_type": "image/png", "hash": "5083916ac3396594d6fb9327c9017d5e", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 11819, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:32:00", "url": "/729/2/preview.png" } ], "eprint_id": 729, "pos": 2, "placement": 2, "mime_type": "image/png", "format": "image/png", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "preview.png", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/120146", "doc_id": 120146, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/365524", "fileid": 365524, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 120146, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "22d4cdf5b95f210c2abe3d43f99662e3", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 36071, "mtime": "2021-06-23 20:37:28", "url": "/729/3/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 729, "pos": 3, "placement": 3, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1098" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/07/29", "datestamp": "2004-02-27", "lastmod": "2021-02-02 21:58:06", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 01:45:27", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "florian.gstrein@intel.com", "id": "Gstrein-Florian", "name": { "family": "Gstrein", "given": "Florian" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Electron-Transfer Processes at Semiconductor/Liquid Interfaces and Metal/Nanogap Junctions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "charge-carrier dynamics; electron transfer; electron tunneling junctions; inveted effect; molecular electronics; SET", "abstract": "It is shown that n-ZnO/H\u2082O-A/A\u207b junctions (A/A\u207b = [Co(bpy)\u2083]\u00b3\u207a/\u00b2\u207a or [OsL\u2082L']\u00b3\u207a/\u00b2\u207a) display energetic and kinetic behavior of unprecedented ideality. The rate constant of the junction with the highest driving force increased when the driving force was lowered, which indicates that the junction operated in the inverted regime. The driving force was varied by shifting the conduction-band edge of the semiconductor with pH. The contact with the lowest driving force was found to operate in the normal regime of charge transfer. These results provide the first experimental indication that semiconductor/liquid contacts can operate in the inverted regime. Junctions having a similar driving force but different reorganization energies show the expected dependence of the rate constant on the reorganization energy.
\r\n\r\nLow surface-recombination velocities (SRVs) were observed for systems with an accumulation of holes or electrons at the Si surface. Formation of the charge-carrier accumulation layer was confirmed by a solution-gated transistor method. Digital simulations revealed that SRVs < 10 cm s\u207b\u00b9 can be produced by surfaces with trap densities as large as 10\u00b9\u00b2 cm\u207b\u00b2 provided that the surface is in accumulation or inversion. The degree of band bending and SRVs of Si(111) in contact with a variety of aqueous fluoride solutions were determined for the first time at open circuit. An accumulation of electrons at the surface is responsible for the low effective SRVs in NH\u2084F and buffered HF solutions. The protonation of basic defect sites is important for the low SRV of Si(111)/H\u2082SO4(aq) and Si(111)/HF(aq) contacts.
\r\n\r\nThe J-E characteristics of electron-tunnel junctions formed by the electromigration of metal nanowires without a molecule bridging the gap were explored in detail. The low-temperature J-E curves of some junctions showed regions of zero conductivity near zero bias, while such features were absent in the data collected for other junctions. A common pattern was discerned in that the low-bias resistances of all junctions decreased by at least an order of magnitude with increasing temperature according to Abeles' model for electron tunneling in granular metal junctions. These findings were consistent with the Coulomb blockade effect and can be attributed to metal islands in the gap.
", "date": "2004", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-02242004-181514", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02242004-181514", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2004-02-27", "doi": "10.7907/1NT2-FB12", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_chem" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "nslewis@caltech.edu", "id": "Lewis-N-S", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Nathan Saul" }, "role": "advisor" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "co-advisor" }, { "email": "jh2228@columbia.edu", "id": "Hone-J-C", "name": { "family": "Hone", "given": "James C." }, "role": "co-advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "ram@caltech.edu", "id": "Marcus-R-A", "name": { "family": "Marcus", "given": "Rudolph A." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "wag@wag.caltech.edu", "id": "Goddard-W-A-III", "name": { "family": "Goddard", "given": "William A., III" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "nslewis@caltech.edu", "id": "Lewis-N-S", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Nathan Saul" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2004-02-24", "thesis_defense_date": "2004-01-20", "thesis_approved_date": "2004-02-27", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "chemistry" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2004", "author_list": "Gstrein, Florian", "advisor_list": "Lewis, Nathan Saul; Roukes, Michael Lee; et el.", "comittee_list": "Marcus, Rudolph A.; Goddard, William A., III; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/960", "eprint_id": 960, "rev_number": 8, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/1488", "doc_id": 1488, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/9229", "fileid": 9229, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 1488, "filename": "XMHenryHuangThesisPhD.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 10065932, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:34:03", "url": "/960/1/XMHenryHuangThesisPhD.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 960, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "XMHenryHuangThesisPhD.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "XMHenryHuangThesisPhD.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "final", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVolatileVersion", "uri": "/id/document/18272" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/haspreviewThumbnailVersion", "uri": "/id/document/18272" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVersion", "uri": "/id/document/18272" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/18272", "doc_id": 18272, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/9227", "fileid": 9227, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 18272, "filename": "preview.png", "mime_type": "image/png", "hash": "32c07a1f23da71b72790836bc5c204f8", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 13772, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:34:03", "url": "/960/2/preview.png" } ], "eprint_id": 960, "pos": 2, "placement": 2, "mime_type": "image/png", "format": "image/png", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "preview.png", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/120402", "doc_id": 120402, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/365787", "fileid": 365787, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 120402, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "0c63548eca0445f37d7036ac1c4433ec", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 28811, "mtime": "2021-06-23 20:46:43", "url": "/960/3/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 960, "pos": 3, "placement": 3, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1488" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/09/60", "datestamp": "2004-03-18", "lastmod": "2021-01-20 23:03:41", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 01:51:48", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "xmhenryhuang@yahoo.com", "id": "Huang-Xue-Ming-Henry", "name": { "family": "Huang", "given": "Xue Ming Henry" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Ultrahigh and Microwave Frequency Nanomechanical Systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "mechanical resonance; MEMS; microwave; nanomechanics; nanotube; NEMS; QEM; silicon carbide; UHF", "abstract": "Nanodevices that operate with fundamental frequencies in the previously inaccessible microwave range (greater than 1 gigahertz) have been constructed. Two advances have been crucial to breaking the 1-GHz barrier in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS): the use of 3C- silicon carbide epilayers, and the development of balanced, high frequency displacement transducers. This achievement represents a significant advance in the quest for extremely high frequency nanoelectromechanical systems.
\r\n\r\nHowever, silicon carbide nanomechanical resonators with fundamental frequencies in the ultrahigh frequency and microwave range have exhibited deteriorating quality factors compared to devices at lower frequencies, which could significantly restrict the application of this developing technology. Our experiments have established a strong correlation between silicon carbide surface roughness and deteriorating quality factor. Also, dissipation in such devices increases as the aspect ratio of the doubly clamped beams is reduced. Based on such observations, we have then demonstrated that the SiC free-free beam nanomechanical resonators offer significant improvement in quality factor compared to doubly clamped beam design operating at similar frequencies.
\r\n\r\nApart from 3C-SiC epilayers on silicon, polished 6H-SiC bulk material based NEMS are also made possible by our invention. A tilted Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) etching technique has been developed to fabricate suspended nanomechanical structures from bulk 6H-SiC wafers. A suspended nanoscale, doubly clamped beam resonator has been made as an initial demonstration of this new fabrication method. Fundamental flexural mode mechanical resonance is detected at 171.2 MHz, with a quality factor of about 3000. The ability to fabricate 3-D suspended nanostructures from 6H-SiC is an important breakthrough in NEMS not only because it enables electronic integration, but also because it provides a unique platform for exploring the effects of crystal and surface quality on resonator performance at microwave frequencies.
\r\n\r\nMagnetomotive transduction has been used extensively in the above achievements, where eddy current damping is usually negligible. However, it was realized that such damping phenomena may turn out to be crucial for doubly clamped beam nanotube mechanical resonators. This concept has been experimentally demonstrated. Silicon carbide material is used to create a dummy nanotube, and in turn being used to investigate the role of eddy current damping phenomena in the context of studying nanotube mechanical motion.
\r\n\r\nAnother nanotube-based novel device structure, using a nanotube carrying a single domain nanomagnet paddle, forming a torsional mechanical resonator, has been designed and analyzed. This device design appears capable of force sensing in zeptoNewton/Hz1/2 range at room temperature.
\r\n\r\nAs we cool down GHz nanomechanical resonators to low temperatures, the devices approach their quantum regime of operation. A structure designed to enable observation of quantum jumps in nanomechanical devices is described. A prototype device demonstrating a frequency shift transduction scheme is fabricated and tested in the classical domain. The coupling mechanism involved is analogous to Kerr nonlinearity in quantum optics. This nanomechanical approach should allow quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements if the experimental technique is extended into the quantum regime. Based on quantum simulations and experimental analysis, we argue that single quanta sensitivity can be achieved in next-generation devices of this kind.
", "date": "2004", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-03152004-053729", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03152004-053729", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2004-03-18", "doi": "10.7907/0FDC-0R66", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "yurke@centrosome.dna.caltech.edu", "id": "Yurke-B", "name": { "family": "Yurke", "given": "Bernard" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "hmabuchi@its.caltech.edu", "id": "Mabuchi-H", "name": { "family": "Mabuchi", "given": "Hideo" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "mcc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "phillips@aero.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2004-03-15", "thesis_defense_date": "2003-12-04", "thesis_approved_date": "2004-03-18", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2004", "author_list": "Huang, Xue Ming Henry", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Yurke, Bernard; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/2080", "eprint_id": 2080, "rev_number": 13, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/3758", "doc_id": 3758, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/22063", "fileid": 22063, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 3758, "filename": "Thesis.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 1050021, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:46:44", "url": "/2080/1/Thesis.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 2080, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "Thesis.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", 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"eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/20/80", "datestamp": "2004-05-26", "lastmod": "2021-02-03 20:22:36", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 02:26:04", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "fon@caltech.edu", "id": "Fon-Warren-Chung-Wah", "name": { "family": "Fon", "given": "Warren Chung Wah" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5447-2324", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Thermal Properties of Nano- and Microstructures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "nanostructure; phonon scattering; thermal", "abstract": "My work is on the experimental study of thermal conduction in nano and microscale structures. The work is divided into two parts. In the first part, we measure the thermal conductance of a suspended device from 4 to 40 K. The thermal conduction of a suspended, free-standing beam is analyzed to study the effect of phonon scattering on thermal conduction. We conclude that phonon scattering is much more severe in a nanoscale beam than bulk material.
\r\n\r\nIn the second part of the work, we proceed to dynamic measurement to measure the heat capacity of a suspended device. From that we study the origin of heat capacity of a silicon nitride membrane. We conclude that much of the heat capacity comes from the motional tunneling states of the ions. We use the device to demonstrate an ultrasensitive calorimeter with a very high resolution of 0.5 aJ/K. We conclude the work by applying the calorimeter to study the heat capacity of a thin adsorbed film of helium gas.
\r\n", "date": "2004", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05262004-123035", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05262004-123035", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2004-05-26", "doi": "10.7907/FK4H-CV52", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "mmc@caltech.edu", "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "mwb@caltech.edu", "id": "Bockrath-M-W", "name": { "family": "Bockrath", "given": "Marc William" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "roukes@caltech.edu", "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "phillips@aero.caltech.edu", "id": "Phillips-R-B", "name": { "family": "Phillips", "given": "Robert B." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2004-05-26", "thesis_defense_date": "2004-05-24", "thesis_approved_date": "2004-05-26", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2004", "author_list": "Fon, Warren Chung Wah", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Cross, Michael Clifford; Bockrath, Marc William; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/6808", "eprint_id": 6808, "rev_number": 20, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/14179", "doc_id": 14179, "rev_number": 5, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/91398", "fileid": 91398, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 14179, "filename": "Tang_h_2002.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 42555329, "mtime": "2012-12-26 04:40:15", "url": "/6808/1/Tang_h_2002.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 6808, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "Tang_h_2002.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", 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6808, "pos": 6, "placement": 6, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from text/plain to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/16558" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/16558" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/16558" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 50, "dir": "disk0/00/00/68/08", "datestamp": "2012-02-03 22:55:33", "lastmod": "2021-11-06 00:00:12", "status_changed": "2012-02-03 22:55:33", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tang-Hongxing", "name": { "family": "Tang", "given": "Hongxing" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Semiconductor Magnetoelectronics for Spintronics and Suspended 2DEG for Mechanoelectronics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Physics", "abstract": "Part I of this thesis describes my experimental and theoretical efforts to understand spin injection into semiconductors. I present extensive discussions on the conditions required to achieve significant spin transfer from a ferromagnetic injector into a paramagnetic conductor.\r\nTheoretical calculations for ballistic spin-coupled transport are described. To circumvent conductivity mismatch that occurs for diffusive contacts between ferromagnetic metals and semiconductors, I designed and fabricated new spin injection devices that employ the recently discovered dilute semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As as a spin polarizer. Spin-coupled transport signals were observed in these novel devices.
\r\n\r\nIn the course of this work, I discovered that bulk (Ga,Mn)As itself manifests what we have termed a \"giant\" planar Hall effect. This magnetoelectronic phenomenon arises from the strong, intrinsic spin-orbit interaction. This phenomenon offers new prospects for applications in\r\nmagnetic sensors and storage media, extends the possibility of novel spintronic devices, and enables unprecedented, high resolution measurements of magnetic phenomena. By using the giant planar Hall effect, I have achieved a complete characterization of the magnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)As. This large effect also has enabled the first direct electrical measurements of the propagation of individual domain walls in microdevices. These experiments establish a new approach to the study of ferromagnetodynamics that does not require significant instrumentation. Individual domain walls can be monitored, trapped and manipulated in real time. By such\r\ntechniques, I have been able to directly investigate the resistance ari sing from a single magnetic\r\ndomain wall for the first time.
\r\n\r\nPart II describes my studies of the strain-dependent electrical properties of ballistic GaAs two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs). I have developed techniques to realize freely suspended 2DEGs with moderately high mobility. These have been incorporated into novel GaAs nanoelectromechanical systems that yield high sensitivity for NEMS motion detection. They have also led to my discovery of a new, dipolar mechanism for electromechanical actuation. Suspended quantum dots have also been successfully fabricated using my newly developed freely-suspended 2DEG fabrication methods. These demonstrate pronounced charging effects, even at elevated temperature, and offer new prospects for observing electronic interactions with confined phonons.
\r\n", "date": "2002", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:02032012-143137090", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02032012-143137090", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Tony Diaz", "deposited_on": "2012-02-03 22:55:33", "doi": "10.7907/rep4-e059", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "advisor" }, { "id": "Porter-F-C", "name": { "family": "Porter", "given": "Frank C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1948-8889", "role": "co-advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "id": "Eisenstein-J-P", "name": { "family": "Eisenstein", "given": "James P." }, "role": "chair" }, { "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "member" }, { "id": "Wiggins-S-R", "name": { "family": "Wiggins", "given": "Stephen R." }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "Porter-F-C", "name": { "family": "Porter", "given": "Frank C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1948-8889" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2002-05-22", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2002", "author_list": "Tang, Hongxing", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee and Porter, Frank C.", "comittee_list": "Eisenstein, James P.; Cross, Michael Clifford; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/8668", "eprint_id": 8668, "rev_number": 26, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/52528", "doc_id": 52528, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/151762", "fileid": 151762, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 52528, "filename": "Midzor_mm_2001.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash": "cc594789c3e1a82103ef60850654ae80", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 71580538, "mtime": "2014-10-09 18:08:23", "url": "/8668/1/Midzor_mm_2001.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 8668, "pos": 1, "placement": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": 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"/id/document/52528" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/52528" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 635, "dir": "disk0/00/00/86/68", "datestamp": "2014-10-09 18:24:38", "lastmod": "2022-09-12 22:59:05", "status_changed": "2014-10-09 18:24:38", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Midzor-Melissa-Masae", "name": { "family": "Midzor", "given": "Melissa Masae" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5002-2855", "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Ferromagnetic Resonance Force Microscopy", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Physics ", "abstract": "A new approach to magnetic resonance was introduced in 1992 based upon detection of \r\nspin-induced forces by J. Sidles [1]. This technique, now called magnetic resonance force \r\nmicroscopy (MRFM), was first demonstrated that same year via electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) by D. Rugar et al. [2]. This new method combines principles of magnetic\r\nresonance with those of scanned probe technology to detect spin resonance through mechanical, rather than inductive, means. In this thesis the development and use of ferromagnetic \r\nresonance force microscopy (FMRFM) is described. This variant of MRFM, which allows\r\ninvestigation of ferromagnetic samples, was first demonstrated in 1996 by Z. Zhang et \r\nal. [3]. FMRFM enables characterization of (a) the dynamic magnetic properties of microscale magnetic devices, and (b) the spatial dependence of ferromagnetic resonance within\r\na sample. Both are impossible with conventional ferromagnetic resonance techniques.
\r\nFerromagnetically coupled systems, however, pose unique challenges for force detection. \r\nIn this thesis the attainable spatial resolution - and the underlying physical mechanisms\r\nthat determine it - are established. We analyze the dependence of the magnetostatic modes\r\nupon sample dimensions using a series of microscale yttrium iron garnet (YIG) samples.\r\nMapping of mode amplitudes within these sample is attained with an unprecedented spatial\r\nresolution of 15\u03bcm. The modes, never before analyzed on this scale, fit simple models\r\ndeveloped in this thesis for samples of micron dimensions. The application of stronger\r\ngradient fields induces localized perturbation of the ferromagnetic resonance modes. The\r\nfirst demonstrations of this effect are presented in this study, and a simple theoretical model\r\nis developed to explain our observations. The results indicate that the characteristics of the\r\nlocally-detected ferromagnetic modes are still largely determined by the external fields and\r\ndimensions of the entire sample, rather than by the localized interaction volume (i.e., the\r\nlocale most strongly affected by the local gradient field). Establishing this is a crucial first\r\nstep toward understanding FMRFM in the high gradient field limit where the dispersion\r\nrelations become locally determined. In this high gradient field regime, FMRFM imaging\r\nbecomes analogous with that of EPR MRFM.
\r\n\r\nFMRFM has also been employed to characterize magnetic multilayers, similar to those\r\nutilized in giant magnetoresistance (GMR) devices, on a lateral scale 40 x 40\u03bcm. This is\r\norders of magnitude smaller than possible via conventional methods. Anisotropy energies,\r\nthickness, and interface qualities of individual layers have been resolved.
\r\nThis initial work clearly demonstrates the immense and unique potential that FMRFM\r\noffers for characterizing advanced magnetic nanostructures and magnetic devices.
\r\n", "date": "2001", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:10062014-123449387", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10062014-123449387", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Tony Diaz", "deposited_by": "Ignis Nguyen", "deposited_on": "2014-10-09 18:24:38", "doi": "10.7907/4ded-x507", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_pma" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "advisor" }, { "id": "McKeown-R-D", "name": { "family": "McKeown", "given": "Robert D." }, "role": "co-advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2916-6026", "role": "chair" }, { "id": "Cross-M-C", "name": { "family": "Cross", "given": "Michael Clifford" }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "Eisenstein-J-P", "name": { "family": "Eisenstein", "given": "James P." }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "Hammel-P-C", "name": { "family": "Hammel", "given": "P. C." }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "Wigen-P-E", "name": { "family": "Wigen", "given": "P. E." }, "role": "member" }, { "id": "McKeown-R-D", "name": { "family": "McKeown", "given": "Robert D." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2000-09-12", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "physics" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2001", "author_list": "Midzor, Melissa Masae", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee and McKeown, Robert D.", "comittee_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee; Cross, Michael Clifford; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/740", "eprint_id": 740, "rev_number": 8, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/1111", "doc_id": 1111, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/6965", "fileid": 6965, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 1111, "filename": "Monzon_fg_1999.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 13452078, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:32:04", "url": "/740/1/Monzon_fg_1999.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 740, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "Monzon_fg_1999.pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "Monzon_fg_1999.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "final", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVolatileVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17912" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/haspreviewThumbnailVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17912" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVersion", "uri": "/id/document/17912" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/17912", "doc_id": 17912, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/6963", "fileid": 6963, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 17912, "filename": "preview.png", "mime_type": "image/png", "hash": "9ef64581847715397afc96ed022c525c", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 8426, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:32:04", "url": "/740/2/preview.png" } ], "eprint_id": 740, "pos": 2, "placement": 2, "mime_type": "image/png", "format": "image/png", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "preview.png", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1111" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1111" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/1111" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/07/40", "datestamp": "2008-03-11", "lastmod": "2021-04-19 22:38:12", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 01:45:35", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Monzon-F-G", "name": { "family": "Monzon", "given": "Franklin Gregory" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Semiconductor magnetoelectronics and prospects for a spin transistor", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "abstract": "The first demonstration of spin-coupled electronic transport, in all-metallic devices, occurred over ten years ago. Although the development of similar ferromagnet/semiconductor structures poses unique difficulties, these devices are exciting because they afford the possibility of constructing active circuit elements based upon the manipulation of spin rather than charge.\n\nIn this thesis we clearly delineate the requirements that must be met in order to successfully implement a semiconductor spin transistor. We present extensive 4.2 K measurements of NiFe/InAs quantum well spin devices fabricated both by photolithography and electron beam lithography, both wet-etched and dry-etched. These measurements often exhibit strong magnetoelectronic phenomena, not based on spin transport, that complicate the demonstration of spin injection/detection. We use local Hall voltages to carefully characterize submicron ferromagnetic thin films in order to improve the switching behavior of our ferromagnetic contacts and to minimize stray field effects. We describe theoretical calculations for ballistic spin-coupled transport, along with careful on-chip electrical characterization, that reveal our InAs conduction channels to be adequate spin-preserving wires. We conclude that inefficient spin transfer across the NiFe/InAs interface severely degrades the spin polarization of the injected current. Though we therefore do not obtain a conclusive demonstration of spin transport even in our smallest devices, with injector/detector spacings of less than 1 mm, we make firm suggestions for future spin devices, including expectations for what consitutes a definitive demonstration of spin transport in a high mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).\n\nFrom a physics standpoint, such a demonstration is very interesting because control of a semiconductor spin-polarized current offers possibilities both for experiments in spin dynamics without the use of high magnetic fields or optical-polarization schemes, and for the investigation of spin-scattering mechanisms in tunable-density (gated) devices. From an engineering standpoint, these same transistor-like devices are intriguing as novel memories or switches. Despite this, the development of semiconductor spin devices has lagged behind the advance of metallic multilayer (GMR) spin devices. This thesis addresses the difficulties inherent in implementing semiconductor spin devices, with the aim of enabling the successful manufacture of a spin transistor in the near future.", "date": "1999", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-02242008-091431", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02242008-091431", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2008-03-11", "doi": "10.7907/gccy-3j80", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_eng" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "id": "Roukes-M-L", "name": { "family": "Roukes", "given": "Michael Lee" }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" } } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2008-02-24", "thesis_defense_date": "1999-05-19", "thesis_approved_date": "2008-03-11", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "appliedphys" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "1999", "author_list": "Monzon, Franklin Gregory", "advisor_list": "Roukes, Michael Lee", "comittee_list": "Unknown, Unknown" } ]