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from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/9958" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/9958" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/9958" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 1499, "dir": "disk0/00/00/57/38", "datestamp": "2010-05-07 22:11:27", "lastmod": "2023-11-08 00:36:09", "status_changed": "2010-05-07 22:11:27", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "ngheavens@me.com", "id": "Heavens-Nicholas-Gray", "name": { "family": "Heavens", "given": "Nicholas Gray" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "The Impact of Mesoscale Processes on the Atmospheric Circulation of Mars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars; atmosphere; observations; clouds; dust", "abstract": "The study of the modern martian atmosphere is (1) a key to the climate of Mars\u2019s past; (2) useful for comparison with other terrestrial planets such as the Earth; and (3) can support hazard analysis and weather forecasting for future exploration and habitation of the planet. Recently, it was found that middle atmospheric downwelling near the south pole during southern winter is much more vigorous than predicted by most Mars general circulation models. This underestimate may be due to models erroneously representing the radiative forcings in the atmosphere due to aerosol and/or the mechanical forcings due to wave breaking. Errors of this kind would influence middle atmospheric dynamics and likely would result from incomplete understanding of lower atmospheric processes such as dust transport. Here, retrievals of vertical profiles of temperature, pressure, dust, and water ice from the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) are used to characterize the atmospheric circulation of Mars and its forcings. First, I consider the annual cycle of the thermal structure and aerosol distributions of the lower and middle atmosphere and investigate the degree of coupling between the lower and middle atmospheric mean meridional circulations. To evaluate the role of wave breaking, I look for local convective instabilities in the Martian middle atmosphere: a key indicator of saturating vertically propagating waves such as the gravity waves and the thermal tides, which are important sources of wave drag in the Earth\u2019s mesosphere. I then characterize the vertical distribution of dust and its approximate radiative effects during northern spring and summer and show there is usually a maximum in dust mass mixing ratio at ~15\u201425 km above the tropics, which is not currently simulated by models. Next, I evaluate the relative importance of dust storm activity, pseudo-moist convection due to the solar heating of dust, orographic effects, and scavenging by water ice clouds in producing this maximum. Finally, I show that published models underestimate the thickness and altitude of water ice clouds in northern summer.", "date": "2010-06-11", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechTHESIS:04222010-152158923", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04222010-152158923", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NMO710947" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Gayle Hammer", "deposited_by": "Nicholas Heavens", "deposited_on": "2010-05-07 22:11:27", "doi": "10.7907/B693-EE28", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_gps" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "yly@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Yuk L." }, "role": "advisor" }, { "email": "mir@ashimaresearch.com", "id": "Richardson-M-I", "name": { "family": "Richardson", "given": "Mark I." }, "role": "co-advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "api@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Ingersoll-A-P", "name": { "family": "Ingersoll", "given": "Andrew P." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "yly@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Yuk L." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "oa@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Aharonson-O", "name": { "family": "Aharonson", "given": "Oded" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "wennberg@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Wennberg-P-O", "name": { "family": "Wennberg", "given": "Paul O." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_defense_date": "2010-04-19", "gradofc_approval_date": "2010-05-06", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "plansci" ] }, "copyright_statement": "Author's Rights Authorization: I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted here is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified under \"Thesis Availability\" in this submission, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation, or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2010", "author_list": "Heavens, Nicholas Gray", "advisor_list": "Yung, Yuk L. and Richardson, Mark I.", "comittee_list": "Ingersoll, Andrew P.; Yung, Yuk L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/1683", "eprint_id": 1683, "rev_number": 11, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/2661", "doc_id": 2661, "rev_number": 4, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/16354", "fileid": 16354, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 2661, "filename": "thesis_1.0_2009_04_dbl.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 3692837, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:40:38", "url": "/1683/1/thesis_1.0_2009_04_dbl.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 1683, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "format_desc": "Full thesis", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "thesis_1.0_2009_04_dbl.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "final", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVolatileVersion", "uri": "/id/document/19400" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/haspreviewThumbnailVersion", "uri": "/id/document/19400" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVersion", "uri": "/id/document/19400" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/13829", "doc_id": 13829, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/201613", "fileid": 201613, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 13829, "filename": "Guo_Xin_(Vincent)_2009.PDF", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 41493, "mtime": "2016-08-22 21:15:02", "url": "/1683/2/Guo_Xin_(Vincent)_2009.PDF" } ], "eprint_id": 1683, "pos": 2, "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "Guo_Xin_(Vincent)_2009.PDF", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "approvalform" }, { "id": "/id/document/19400", "doc_id": 19400, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/16352", "fileid": 16352, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 19400, "filename": "preview.png", "mime_type": "image/png", "hash": "9a70519df9d10d6b29f4f4d1bcb9cf41", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 16620, "mtime": "2012-12-26 02:40:37", "url": "/1683/3/preview.png" } ], "eprint_id": 1683, "pos": 3, "placement": 3, "mime_type": "image/png", "format": "image/png", "language": "en", "security": "validuser", "license": "other", "main": "preview.png", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/121060", "doc_id": 121060, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/366450", "fileid": 366450, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 121060, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "617c708ce3aa75340c092f94ae3bbb08", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 31489, "mtime": "2021-06-23 21:15:46", "url": "/1683/4/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 1683, "pos": 4, "placement": 4, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/2661" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/16/83", "datestamp": "2009-05-14", "lastmod": "2019-11-26 20:04:40", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 02:11:44", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "email": "xin@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Guo-Xin-Vincent", "name": { "family": "Guo", "given": "Xin (Vincent)" }, "show_email": "YES" } ] }, "title": "Modeling Studies Related to Carbon Dioxide Phase Change on Mars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "carbon dioxide; climate; GCM; general circulation model; Mars; microphysics; phase change", "abstract": "
Carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) is the most abundant gaseous species in the atmosphere of Mars. Phase change of CO\u2082, predominantly between gas and solid, is the most eminent feature in the current Martian atmosphere. Correct and thorough understanding of the CO\u2082 cycle on Mars is crucial to the scientific research of Mars, including (but not limited to) climatology, meteorology, paleo-climatology, geomorphology, geology, and astrobiology.
\r\n\r\nThis dissertation focuses on modeling the CO\u2082 phase change and coupling the process with a Mars General Circulation Model (GCM) \u2015 the Mars Weather Forecast and Research (MarsWRF) model to study the climate of Mars. Two major forms of the CO\u2082 phase change are included: direct deposition/sublimation to/from the surface (exchange with surface frost) and atmospheric condensation/evaporation (exchange with \"snow\", which later will either precipitate to the ground and become a part of the surface reservoir, or evaporate before it reaches the surface).
\r\n\r\nThe first component has been historically simulated by a surface energy balance model. The energy balance calculations in MarsWRF, especially the physics module associated with subsurface heat conduction, are improved. The GCM is fine-tuned by changing the values of the seasonal ice cap albedos and emissivities and the total CO\u2082 mass in the system (later the heat conductivity of the polar soil). Resulted surface pressure cycle, which is a good indicator of the atmospheric reservoir of CO\u2082, matches the in situ measurements made by the Viking Landers extremely well. This fitting algorithm can be used for tuning of GCMs and for exploration of more complicated physical processes.
\r\n\r\nThe second component can be solved by a simple energy balance model in the atmosphere as well. However, it is widely accepted that sophisticated microphysics models may be required for more accurate simulations. A complete microphysics model, which calculates the nucleation process and ice particle growth process, is incorporated to MarsWRF. Preliminary simulation results show promising agreement with spacecraft observations.
\r\n\r\nWhen an insolation-dependent frost albedo is included, MarsWRF is able to produce a perennial CO\u2082 cap near the south pole of Mars. This is the first time that any GCM has successfully predicted a residual cap. This mechanism is necessary for a simple energy balance model to reproduce the perennial ice cap, and may shed some light on the ages and the cycles of the perennial caps.
\r\n\r\nA mass balance model is developed to simulate the non-condensable gas mass mixing ratio variation during the CO\u2082 phase change. When coupled with MarsWRF, the non-condensable gas cycle agrees qualitatively with the Gamma Ray Spectrometer data and other GCM results. It provides a benchmark check to the GCM itself and an independent way to study the dynamics of the Martian atmosphere.
\r\n", "date": "2009", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-05082009-120748", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05082009-120748", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2009-05-14", "doi": "10.7907/E2R4-SS65", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_gps" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "mir@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Richardson-M-I", "name": { "family": "Richardson", "given": "Mark I." }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "api@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Ingersoll-A-P", "name": { "family": "Ingersoll", "given": "Andrew P." }, "role": "chair" }, { "email": "mir@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Richardson-M-I", "name": { "family": "Richardson", "given": "Mark I." }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "oa@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Aharonson-O", "name": { "family": "Aharonson", "given": "Oded" }, "role": "member" }, { "email": "yly@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Yuk L." }, "role": "member" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2009-05-08", "thesis_defense_date": "2009-04-29", "thesis_approved_date": "2009-05-14", "gradofc_approval_date": "2009-05-12", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "plansci" ] }, "option_minor": { "items": [ "eleceng" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2009", "author_list": "Guo, Xin (Vincent)", "advisor_list": "Richardson, Mark I.", "comittee_list": "Ingersoll, Andrew P.; Richardson, Mark I.; et el." }, { "id": "https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/3730", "eprint_id": 3730, "rev_number": 11, "documents": [ { "id": "/id/document/6346", "doc_id": 6346, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/38080", "fileid": 38080, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 6346, "filename": "thesis.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 17984452, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:02:29", "url": "/3730/1/thesis.pdf" } ], "eprint_id": 3730, "pos": 1, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "thesis.pdf", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "final", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVolatileVersion", "uri": "/id/document/22884" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/haspreviewThumbnailVersion", "uri": "/id/document/22884" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/hasVersion", "uri": "/id/document/22884" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/13955", "doc_id": 13955, "rev_number": 3, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/204150", "fileid": 204150, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 13955, "filename": "Basu_Shabari_2006.PDF", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "filesize": 44091, "mtime": "2016-08-22 21:16:55", "url": "/3730/2/Basu_Shabari_2006.PDF" } ], "eprint_id": 3730, "pos": 2, "format": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "security": "internal", "license": "other", "main": "Basu_Shabari_2006.PDF", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "content": "approvalform" }, { "id": "/id/document/22884", "doc_id": 22884, "rev_number": 2, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/38078", "fileid": 38078, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 22884, "filename": "preview.png", "mime_type": "image/png", "hash": "52816b8985cd493693ab899dd6b679a2", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 12590, "mtime": "2012-12-26 03:02:29", "url": "/3730/3/preview.png" } ], "eprint_id": 3730, "pos": 3, "placement": 3, "mime_type": "image/png", "format": "image/png", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "preview.png", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" } ] } }, { "id": "/id/document/123808", "doc_id": 123808, "rev_number": 1, "files": [ { "id": "/id/file/369236", "fileid": 369236, "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 123808, "filename": "indexcodes.txt", "mime_type": "text/plain", "hash": "dd89512b0f33387c271e5191fa72703b", "hash_type": "MD5", "filesize": 29815, "mtime": "2021-06-23 22:59:53", "url": "/3730/4/indexcodes.txt" } ], "eprint_id": 3730, "pos": 4, "placement": 4, "mime_type": "text/plain", "format": "other", "format_desc": "Generate index codes conversion from application/pdf to indexcodes", "language": "en", "security": "public", "license": "other", "main": "indexcodes.txt", "media_duration": "0", "media_aspect_ratio": "0", "media_sample_start": "0", "media_sample_stop": "0", "relation": { "items": [ { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" }, { "type": "http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf", "uri": "/id/document/6346" } ] } } ], "eprint_status": "archive", "userid": 2, "dir": "disk0/00/00/37/30", "datestamp": "2005-11-09", "lastmod": "2020-03-31 19:24:01", "status_changed": "2009-09-25 03:04:18", "type": "thesis", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Basu-Shabari", "name": { "family": "Basu", "given": "Shabari" }, "show_email": "NO" } ] }, "title": "Simulations of the Martian Dust Cycle with a General Circulation Model", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "dust cycle; general circulation model; Mars", "abstract": "The Martian seasonal dust cycle is examined with a General Circulation Model (GCM) that treats dust as a radiatively and dynamically interactive trace species. Dust injection is parameterized as being due to convective processes (such as dust devils) and model-resolved wind stresses. Multi-year Viking and Mars Global Surveyor mission air temperature data sets are used to quantitatively assess the quality of simulations. Varying the three free parameters for the two dust injection schemes (rate parameters for the two schemes and a threshold for wind-stress lifting), we find that northern spring and summer temperatures, which are observed to repeat very closely each year, can be reproduced by the model if the background dust haze is supplied by convective lifting. To obtain spontaneous and variable dust storms, dust injection due to high threshold and high rate stress lifting must be added. The convective scheme is found unable to generate a dust storm but is a good candidate for background dust (in agreement with imaging observations e.g., dust devils). Combining the convective scheme and high-threshold stress lifting, we obtain a \"best fit\" multi-year simulation, which includes simulation of both a realistic thermal state in northern spring and summer and, for the first time, the spontaneous generation of inter-annually-variable global dust storms. Our results support the idea that variable and spontaneous global dust storm behavior can emerge from a periodically forced system (the only forcing being the diurnal and seasonal cycles) when the dust injection mechanism involves an activation threshold. The general circulation model is also used to evaluate changes to the circulation and dust transport in the Martian atmosphere for simulations with a finite supply of dust on the surface. The focus is on changes to atmospheric temperatures and dust-related surface features, as these may potentially be verified by observations. In this work, the use of a finite surface dust supply increases the amount of inter-annual variability the system is capable of producing. This is due to a new set of initial conditions, in the form of available surface dust, being present at the beginning of each storm season.", "date": "2006", "date_type": "degree", "id_number": "CaltechETD:etd-09232005-154100", "refereed": "FALSE", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09232005-154100", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechTHESIS", "reviewer": "Kathy Johnson", "local_group": { "items": [ "Astronomy Department" ] }, "deposited_by": "Imported from ETD-db", "deposited_on": "2005-11-09", "doi": "10.7907/BDB8-Z423", "divisions": { "items": [ "div_gps" ] }, "institution": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_type": "phd", "thesis_advisor": { "items": [ { "email": "mir@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Richardson-M-I", "name": { "family": "Richardson", "given": "Mark I." }, "role": "advisor" } ] }, "thesis_committee": { "items": [ { "email": "mir@gps.caltech.edu", "id": "Richardson-M-I", "name": { "family": "Richardson", "given": "Mark I." }, "role": "chair" } ] }, "thesis_degree": "PHD", "thesis_degree_grantor": "California Institute of Technology", "thesis_submitted_date": "2005-09-23", "thesis_defense_date": "2005-09-21", "thesis_approved_date": "2005-11-09", "review_status": "approved", "option_major": { "items": [ "plansci" ] }, "option_minor": { "items": [ "astronomy" ] }, "copyright_statement": "I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee.\n\nI hereby grant to California Institute of Technology or its agents the non-exclusive\nlicense to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below,\nmy thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report.", "resource_type": "thesis", "pub_year": "2006", "author_list": "Basu, Shabari", "advisor_list": "Richardson, Mark I.", "comittee_list": "Richardson, Mark I." } ]