[ { "id": "authors:6z32y-hds87", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "6z32y-hds87", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-133911809", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "title": "The Demographics and Atmospheres of Giant Planets with the ELTs", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bowler", "given_name": "Brendan", "orcid": "0000-0003-2649-2288", "clpid": "Bowler-B-P" }, { "family_name": "Sallum", "given_name": "Steph" }, { "family_name": "Boss", "given_name": "Alan" }, { "family_name": "Brandt", "given_name": "Timothy" }, { "family_name": "Briesemeister", "given_name": "Zack" }, { "family_name": "Bryan", "given_name": "Marta", "orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967", "clpid": "Bryan-M-L" }, { "family_name": "Close", "given_name": "Laird", "orcid": "0000-0002-2167-8246" }, { "family_name": "Crepp", "given_name": "Justin" }, { "family_name": "Currie", "given_name": "Thayne" }, { "family_name": "Fortney", "given_name": "Jonathan" }, { "family_name": "Girard", "given_name": "Julien" }, { "family_name": "Jensen-Clem", "given_name": "Rebecca" }, { "family_name": "Kama", "given_name": "Mihkel" }, { "family_name": "Kraus", "given_name": "Adam" }, { "family_name": "Konopacky", "given_name": "Quinn" }, { "family_name": "Liu", "given_name": "Michael" }, { "family_name": "Marley", "given_name": "Mark" }, { "family_name": "Marois", "given_name": "Christian" }, { "family_name": "Mawet", "given_name": "Dimitri", "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735", "clpid": "Mawet-D" }, { "family_name": "Meshkat", "given_name": "Tiffany", "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467", "clpid": "Meshkat-T" }, { "family_name": "Meyer", "given_name": "Michael" }, { "family_name": "Morley", "given_name": "Caroline" }, { "family_name": "Nielsen", "given_name": "Eric" }, { "family_name": "Skemer", "given_name": "Andrew" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502", "clpid": "Wang-Jason-J" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Ya-Lin" } ], "abstract": "Gas giants are the most readily detectable exoplanets but fundamental questions about their system architectures, formation, migration, and atmospheres have been unanswerable with the current generation of ground- and space-based facilities. The dominant techniques to detect and characterize giant planets \u2212 radial velocities, transits, direct imaging, microlensing, and astrometry \u2212 are each isolated to a limited range of planet masses, separations, ages, and temperatures. These windows into the arrangement and physical properties of giant planets have spawned new questions about the timescale and location of their assembly; the distributions of planet mass and orbital separation at young and old ages; the composition and structure of their atmospheres; and their orbital and rotational angular momentum architectures. The ELTs will address these questions by building bridges between these islands of mass, orbital distance, and age. The angular resolution, collecting area, all-sky coverage, and novel instrumentation suite of these facilities are needed to provide a complete map of the orbits and atmospheric evolution of gas giant planets (0.3\u221210 M_(Jup)) across space (0.1\u2212100 AU) and time (1 Myr to 10 Gyr). This white paper highlights the scientific potential of the GMT and TMT to address these outstanding questions, with a particular focus on the role of direct imaging and spectroscopy of large samples of giant planets that will soon be made available with Gaia.", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.06299", "publisher": "arXiv", "publication_date": "2019-03-14" }, { "id": "authors:kt280-ph874", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "kt280-ph874", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-141746696", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "title": "Key Technologies for the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope Coronagraph Instrument", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bailey", "given_name": "Vanessa P.", "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806", "clpid": "Bailey-V-P" }, { "family_name": "Armus", "given_name": "Lee", "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973", "clpid": "Armus-L" }, { "family_name": "Balasubramanian", "given_name": "Bala", "clpid": "Balasubramanian-B" }, { "family_name": "Berriman", "given_name": "Bruce", "orcid": "0000-0001-8388-534X", "clpid": "Berriman-G-B" }, { "family_name": "Cady", "given_name": "Eric", "orcid": "0000-0002-8789-2931", "clpid": "Cady-E" }, { "family_name": "Calchi Novati", "given_name": "Sebastiano", "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069", "clpid": "Calchi-Novati-S" }, { "family_name": "Ciardi", "given_name": "David", "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047", "clpid": "Ciardi-D-R" }, { "family_name": "Crill", "given_name": "Brendan", "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518", "clpid": "Crill-B-P" }, { "family_name": "Demers", "given_name": "Richard", "clpid": "Demers-R" }, { "family_name": "Effinger", "given_name": "Robert", "clpid": "Effinger-R-T" }, { "family_name": "Frerking", "given_name": "Margaret", "clpid": "Frerking-M-A" }, { "family_name": "Gelino", "given_name": "Dawn", "orcid": "0000-0003-1274-2784", "clpid": "Gelino-D-M" }, { "family_name": "Harding", "given_name": "Leon", "clpid": "Harding-L-K" }, { "family_name": "Helou", "given_name": "George", "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415", "clpid": "Helou-G" }, { "family_name": "Kern", "given_name": "Brian", "clpid": "Kern-B-D" }, { "family_name": "Krist", "given_name": "John", "clpid": "Krist-John-E" }, { "family_name": "Laine", "given_name": "Seppo", "orcid": "0000-0003-1250-8314", "clpid": "Laine-S-J" }, { "family_name": "Lindensmith", "given_name": "Chris", "clpid": "Lindensmith-C-A" }, { "family_name": "Lowrance", "given_name": "Patrick", "orcid": "0000-0001-8014-0270", "clpid": "Lowrance-P-J" }, { "family_name": "Prada", "given_name": "Camilo Mejia", "clpid": "Prada-C-M" }, { "family_name": "Mennesson", "given_name": "Bertrand", "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800", "clpid": "Mennesson-B" }, { "family_name": "Meshkat", "given_name": "Tiffany", "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467", "clpid": "Meshkat-T" }, { "family_name": "Moody", "given_name": "Dwight", "clpid": "Moody-D-C" }, { "family_name": "Morrissey", "given_name": "Patrick", "orcid": "0000-0001-8177-1023", "clpid": "Morrissey-P" }, { "family_name": "Moustakas", "given_name": "Leonidas", "orcid": "0000-0003-3030-2360", "clpid": "Moustakas-L-A" }, { "family_name": "Noecker", "given_name": "Charley", "orcid": "0000-0003-1417-2383", "clpid": "Noecker-C" }, { "family_name": "Paladini", "given_name": "Roberta", "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X", "clpid": "Paladini-Roberta" }, { "family_name": "Poberezhskiy", "given_name": "Ilya", "clpid": "Poberezhskiy-I" }, { "family_name": "Ram\u00edrez", "given_name": "Solange", "clpid": "Ram\u00edrez-S-V" }, { "family_name": "Rhodes", "given_name": "Jason", "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549", "clpid": "Rhodes-J-D" }, { "family_name": "Riggs", "given_name": "A. J. E.", "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228", "clpid": "Riggs-A-J-E" }, { "family_name": "Seo", "given_name": "Byoung-Joon", "clpid": "Seo-Byoung-Joon" }, { "family_name": "Shaklan", "given_name": "Stuart", "clpid": "Shaklan-S-B" }, { "family_name": "Shi", "given_name": "Fang", "clpid": "Shi-Fang" }, { "family_name": "Stapelfeldt", "given_name": "Karl", "orcid": "0000-0002-2805-7338", "clpid": "Stapelfeldt-K-R" }, { "family_name": "Tang", "given_name": "Hong", "clpid": "Tang-Hong" }, { "family_name": "Trauger", "given_name": "John", "clpid": "Trauger-J-T" }, { "family_name": "Ygouf", "given_name": "Marie", "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731", "clpid": "Ygouf-M" }, { "family_name": "Zhao", "given_name": "Feng", "clpid": "Zhao-Feng" }, { "family_name": "Zhou", "given_name": "Hanying", "clpid": "Zhou-Hanying" } ], "abstract": "The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) is a high-contrast imager and integral field spectrograph that will enable the study of exoplanets and circumstellar disks at visible wavelengths. Ground-based high-contrast instrumentation has fundamentally limited performance at small working angles, even under optimistic assumptions for 30m-class telescopes. There is a strong scientific driver for better performance, particularly at visible wavelengths. Future flagship mission concepts aim to image Earth analogues with visible light flux ratios of more than 10^10. CGI is a critical intermediate step toward that goal, with a predicted 10^8-9 flux ratio capability in the visible. CGI achieves this through improvements over current ground and space systems in several areas: (i) Hardware: space-qualified (TRL9) deformable mirrors, detectors, and coronagraphs, (ii) Algorithms: wavefront sensing and control; post-processing of integral field spectrograph, polarimetric, and extended object data, and (iii) Validation of telescope and instrument models at high accuracy and precision. This white paper, submitted to the 2018 NAS Exoplanet Science Strategy call, describes the status of key CGI technologies and presents ways in which performance is likely to evolve as the CGI design matures.", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1901.04050", "publication_date": "2019-01-13" }, { "id": "authors:gx4hm-c8c73", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "gx4hm-c8c73", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190508-080457617", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "title": "The need for a far-infrared cold space telescope to understand the chemistry of planet formation", "author": [ { "family_name": "Pontoppidan", "given_name": "Klaus M.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7552-1562", "clpid": "Pontoppidan-K-M" }, { "family_name": "Bergin", "given_name": "Edwin A.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4179-6394", "clpid": "Bergin-E-A" }, { "family_name": "Melnick", "given_name": "Gary", "clpid": "Melnick-G-J" }, { "family_name": "Bradford", "given_name": "Matt", "clpid": "Bradford-M-C" }, { "family_name": "Staguhn", "given_name": "Johannes G.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8437-0433", "clpid": "Staguhn-J-G" }, { "family_name": "Leisawitz", "given_name": "David T.", "clpid": "Leisawitz-D-T" }, { "family_name": "Meixner", "given_name": "Margaret", "clpid": "Meixner-M" }, { "family_name": "Fortney", "given_name": "Jonathan J.", "orcid": "0000-0002-9843-4354", "clpid": "Fortney-J-J" }, { "family_name": "Salyk", "given_name": "Colette", "orcid": "0000-0003-3682-6632", "clpid": "Salyk-C" }, { "family_name": "Blake", "given_name": "Geoffrey A.", "orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610", "clpid": "Blake-G-A" }, { "family_name": "Zhang", "given_name": "Ke", "orcid": "0000-0002-0661-7517", "clpid": "Zhang-Ke" }, { "family_name": "Banzatti", "given_name": "Andrea", "orcid": "0000-0003-4335-0900", "clpid": "Banzatti-A" }, { "family_name": "Kataria", "given_name": "Tiffany", "orcid": "0000-0003-3759-9080", "clpid": "Kataria-T" }, { "family_name": "Meshkat", "given_name": "Tiffany", "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467", "clpid": "Meshkat-T" }, { "family_name": "de Val-Borro", "given_name": "Miguel", "clpid": "de-Val-Borro-M" }, { "family_name": "Stevenson", "given_name": "Kevin", "orcid": "0000-0002-7352-7941", "clpid": "Stevenson-K-B" }, { "family_name": "Fraine", "given_name": "Jonathan", "orcid": "0000-0003-0910-5805", "clpid": "Fraine-J-D" } ], "abstract": "At a time when ALMA produces spectacular high resolution images of gas and dust in circumstellar disks, the next observational frontier in our understanding of planet formation and the chemistry of planet-forming material may be found in the mid- to far-infrared wavelength range. A large, actively cooled far-infrared telescope in space will offer enormous spectroscopic sensitivity improvements of 3-4 orders of magnitude, making it possible to uniquely survey certain fundamental properties of planet formation. Specifically, the Origins Space Telescope (OST), a NASA flagship concept to be submitted to the 2020 decadal survey, will provide a platform that allows complete surveys of warm and cold water around young stars of all masses and across all evolutionary stages, and to measure their total planet-forming gas mass using the ground-state line of HD. While this white paper is formulated in the context of the NASA Origins Space Telescope concept, it can be applied in general to inform any future space-based, cold far-infrared observatory.", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1804.00743", "publisher": "arXiv", "publication_date": "2018-04-02" } ]