[ { "id": "authors:ar8wt-eqv69", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ar8wt-eqv69", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-100650644", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Radio Transient Sky", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lazio", "given_name": "Joseph", "clpid": "Lazio-T-J-W" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Radio transients are known on time scales from nanoseconds to years, from sources in\nthe Galaxy and beyond, and with either coherent or incoherent emission mechanisms.\nObservations of this wide variety of sources are relevant to many of the highest profile\nquestions in astronomy and astrophysics. As illustrations of the breadth of the radio\ntransient sky, both coherent and incoherent radio emission has long been known from\nstars and stellar remnants and has informed topics ranging from stellar evolution\nto Galactic structure to relativistic jet dynamics to tests of fundamental physics.\nCoherent radio emission is now also known from brown dwarfs, and there are active\nprograms to find similar emissions from extrasolar planets. Outside of the Galaxy,\nincoherent radio counterparts to supernovae, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray\nbursts is well known and have contributed to topics such as understanding the cosmic\nstar formation rate and the formation of relativistic jets. Excitingly, coherent radio\nbursts that appear to be at cosmological distances were recently discovered. I provide\na survey of the radio transient sky, illustrating both how radio transients are part of\nthe Hot-Wired Sky and are likely to help drive the Hot-Wiring. Part of this research\nwas carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,\nunder a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:gc0wx-1h258", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "gc0wx-1h258", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190502-161809010", "type": "book_section", "title": "Novel Measures for Rare Transients", "author": [ { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "Ashish", "orcid": "0000-0003-2242-0244", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Data volumes in astronomy have been growing rapidly. Various projects and methodologies\nare starting to deal with this. As we cross-match and correlate datasets, the\nnumber of parameters per object\u2014in other words dimensions we need to deal with\u2014\nis also growing. This leads to more interesting issues as many values are missing,\nand many parameters are non-homogeneously redundant. One needs to tease apart\nclusters in this space which represent different physical properties, and hence phenomena.\nWe describe measures that help to do that for transients from the Catalina\nRealtime Transient Survey, and project it to near future surveys. The measures are\nbased partly on domain knowledge and are incorporated into statistical and machine\nlearning techniques. We also describe the discriminating role of appropriate followup\nobservations in near-real-time classification of transients. In particular such novel\nmeasures will help us find relatively rare transients.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:k2pft-yyg19", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "k2pft-yyg19", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190501-140000750", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Zwicky Transient Facility", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bellm", "given_name": "Eric", "orcid": "0000-0001-8018-5348", "clpid": "Bellm-E-C" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R-L" } ], "abstract": "The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) is a next-generation optical synoptic survey that builds on the experience and infrastructure of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). Using a new 47 deg2 survey camera, ZTF will survey more than an order of magnitude faster than PTF to discover rare transients and variables. I describe the survey and the camera design. Searches for young supernovae, fast transients, counterparts to gravitational-wave detections, and rare variables will benefit from ZTF's high cadence, wide area survey.", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1410.8185", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:nr216-2d168", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "nr216-2d168", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-100119651", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (CRTS)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Drake", "given_name": "Andrew", "clpid": "Drake-A-J" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "The Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) is a completely open, VOEvent-enabled, optical transient survey that provides a model for the large synoptic surveys of the future. CRTS has so far discovered more than 7,000 highly variable and transient sources including 2,000 supernovae and 1,000 catalysmic variables. I will\nhighlight some of the rare and extreme types optical transients discovered by CRTS, as well as how increases in coverage and cadence of our second generation project, CRTS-II, will aid the discovery of new types of transient objects and phenomena.\nLastly, I will discuss on-going efforts to characterize the variable sky using nine years of Catalina data for 500 million sources.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:qhtcx-q2y67", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qhtcx-q2y67", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-101046564", "type": "book_section", "title": "Hearing & Seeing the Violent Universe", "author": [ { "family_name": "Nissanke", "given_name": "Samaya", "clpid": "Nissanke-S" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Joint gravitational-wave (GW) and multi wavelength electromagnetic (EM) observations\nof compact binary mergers should enable unprecedented studies of astrophysics\nin strong-field gravity, and of binary stellar evolution. Within the next decade, a\nworldwide network of advanced versions of ground-based GW interferometers should\nbecome operational from 10 Hz to a few kHz. At these frequencies, inspirals and\nmergers of neutron star binary mergers are expected to be amongst the most numerous\nand strongest GW-emitting sources. A subset of these events could be associated\nwith a transient EM counterpart, and should be observable at different wavelengths,\nenergies and timescales. In this talk, I will first discuss the EM counterparts that\nwe expect to see from compact binary mergers and then describe how we can search\nand identify such EM counterparts using a slew of high-energy, optical and radio\ntelescopes in the near future.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:x0prd-bf854", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "x0prd-bf854", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-101243284", "type": "book_section", "title": "Burst of the Century? A Case Study of the Afterglow of Nearby Ultra-Bright GRB 130427A", "author": [ { "family_name": "Perley", "given_name": "Daniel", "orcid": "0000-0001-8472-1996", "clpid": "Perley-D-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "GRB 130427A is the brightest gamma-ray burst observed by any satellite in almost\n30 years and one of the most thoroughly observed. I will present a summary of the\nworldwide campaign to monitor the afterglow of this event from GHz to TeV energies\nand from seconds to years after the explosion. Remarkably, the entire data set can be\ndescribed to good agreement using standard synchrotron afterglow theory, providing\nstrong support for the validity the basic model in describing the evolution of this event\nand for GRB afterglows generally. Distinct forward and reverse shock components are\nresolved in both the SED and multifrequency light curves; the late-time high-energy\nemission seen by LAT is produced by the forward shock. We also infer a tenuous,\nwind-stratified medium surrounding this burst, suggesting a massive, low-metallicity\nprogenitor. While GRB 130427A was an incredibly rare and fortuitous event its\nproperties are probably not intrinsically unusual, and it provides lessons for what\nmight be routinely achieved in the future with faster and deeper multiwavelength\nfollow-up of gamma-ray bursts.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:ww5xa-qcf68", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ww5xa-qcf68", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-101422046", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Needle in the Hundred-Square-Degree Haystack: from Fermi GRBs to LIGO Discoveries", "author": [ { "family_name": "Singer", "given_name": "Leo", "orcid": "0000-0001-9898-5597", "clpid": "Singer-L-P" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Accurate localizations have driven and enriched our understanding of gamma-ray\nbursts. They could do the same for future gravitational-wave detections with LIGO\nand Virgo. We report the discovery of the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst\n(GRB) 130702A, identified upon searching 71 square degrees surrounding the Fermi\nGamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) localization. Discovered and characterized by the\nintermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), iPTF13bxl is the first afterglow discovered\nsolely based on a GBM localization. Real-time image subtraction, machine\nlearning, human vetting, and rapid response multi-wavelength follow-up enabled us\nto quickly narrow a list of 27,004 optical transient candidates to a single afterglow-like\nsource. The bright afterglow and emerging supernova offered an opportunity for\nextensive panchromatic follow-up. Furthermore, our discovery of iPTF13bxl represents\nan important step towards overcoming the challenges inherent in uncovering\nfaint optical counterparts to comparably localized gravitational wave events in the\nAdvanced LIGO and Virgo era.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:ys91q-4h715", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ys91q-4h715", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-101620789", "type": "book_section", "title": "Follow-up of LIGO-Virgo Observations of Gravitational Waves", "author": [ { "family_name": "Williams", "given_name": "Roy", "orcid": "0000-0002-9145-8580", "clpid": "Williams-R-D" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "In the next few years, the advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors will be operational, and hopefully detecting coalescences of compact objects such as neutron stars and black holes. The talk with review the science, the observational prospects, and how to get your telescope involved in this exciting science.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:0vs2j-b0997", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "0vs2j-b0997", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-083247188", "type": "book_section", "title": "Astrophysics in the Era of Massive Time-Domain Surveys", "author": [ { "family_name": "Djorgovski", "given_name": "George", "orcid": "0000-0002-0603-3087", "clpid": "Djorgovski-S-G" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Synoptic sky surveys are now the largest data producers in astronomy, entering the Petascale regime, opening the time domain for a systematic exploration. A great variety of interesting phenomena, spanning essentially all subfields of astronomy, can only be studied in the time domain, and these new surveys are producing large statistical samples of the known types of objects and events for further studies (e.g., SNe, AGN, variable stars of many kinds), and have already uncovered previously unknown\nsubtypes of these (e.g., rare or peculiar types of SNe). These surveys are generating a new science, and paving the way for even larger surveys to come, e.g., the LSST; our ability to fully exploit such forthcoming facilities depends critically on the science,\nmethodology, and experience that are being accumulated now. Among the outstanding challenges, the foremost is our ability to conduct an effective follow-up of the interesting events discovered by the surveys in any wavelength regime. The follow-up resources, especially spectroscopy, are already and, for the predictable future, will be severely limited, thus requiring an intelligent down-selection of the most astrophysically interesting events to follow. The first step in that process is an automated, real-time, iterative classification of events, that incorporates heterogeneous data from\nthe surveys themselves, archival and contextual information (spatial, temporal, and multiwavelength), and the incoming follow-up observations. The second step is an optimal automated event prioritization and allocation of the available follow-up resources that also change in time. Both of these challenges are highly non-trivial, and require a strong cyber-infrastructure based on the Virtual Observatory data grid, and the various astroinformatics efforts. Time domain astronomy is inherently an astronomy of telescope-computational systems, and will increasingly depend on novel\nmachine learning and artificial intelligence tools. Another arena with a strong potential for discovery is a purely archival, non-time-critical exploration of the time domain, with the time dimension adding the complexity to an already challenging problem of data mining of highly-dimensional parameter spaces produced by sky surveys.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" }, { "id": "authors:2h571-80h02", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2h571-80h02", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190507-100502954", "type": "book_section", "title": "How to Really Describe the Variable Sky", "author": [ { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "Matthew", "orcid": "0000-0002-3168-0139", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Wo\u017aniak", "given_name": "P. R.", "clpid": "Wo\u017aniak-P-R" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "M. J.", "clpid": "Graham-M-J" }, { "family_name": "Mahabal", "given_name": "A. A.", "clpid": "Mahabal-A-A" }, { "family_name": "Seaman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Seaman-R" } ], "abstract": "Whilst the classification of variable sources is one of the big challenges in the new\nera of time domain astronomy, it needs to be based on an effective characterization\nof the temporal behaviour of astronomical objects. Such attempts to date have been\nrather limited in scale and in scope. In this talk, we report on a systematic approach\nto describe the variability of 1.5 million CRTS sources in terms of the different kinds\nof phenomenology that they might exhibit. In particular, we are interested in ways\nin which characteristic timescales might reveal themselves and will address how this\ncan aid object classification.", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "publication_date": "2013-11" } ]