[ { "id": "authors:mkrb0-a0c77", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "mkrb0-a0c77", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170425-081144066", "type": "article", "title": "Antimony-121 M\u00f6ssbauer Spectral Study of \u03b1-Zn_4Sb_3", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hermann", "given_name": "Rapha\u00ebl P.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6138-5624", "clpid": "Hermann-R-P" }, { "family_name": "Grandjean", "given_name": "Fernande", "clpid": "Grandjean-F" }, { "family_name": "Chen", "given_name": "Tsi-Chi", "clpid": "Chen-Tsi-Chi" }, { "family_name": "Brown", "given_name": "Dennis E.", "clpid": "Brown-D-E" }, { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Snyder", "given_name": "G. Jeffrey", "orcid": "0000-0003-1414-8682", "clpid": "Snyder-G-J" }, { "family_name": "Long", "given_name": "Gary J.", "clpid": "Long-G-J" } ], "abstract": "The M\u00f6ssbauer spectra of \u03b1-Zn_4Sb_3, a compound that is best formulated as \u03b1-Zn_(13)Sb_(10) or (Zn^(2+))_(13)(Sb^(3-))_6(Sb_2^(4-))2, have been measured between 5 and 120 K. The resulting six spectra have been simultaneously fit with two components in the ratio of 3:2 corresponding to the Sb^(3-) and Sb^(2-) ions identified in this valence semiconductor. The fits yield temperature independent isomer shifts of \u22128.17(2) and \u22129.73(2) mm/s and quadrupole interactions of \u22124.9(2) and 0 mm/s for the Sb^(3-) and Sb^(2-) ions, respectively; the corresponding M\u00f6ssbauer temperatures are 197(5) and 207(5) K, temperatures that are lower than the Debye temperature of \u03b2-Zn_4Sb_3. The isomer shifts correspond to electronic configurations between 5s^25p^6 and 5s^(1.75)5p^(4.01) for the Sb^(3-) ions and between 5s^25p^5 and 5s^(1.80)5p^(3.38) for the Sb^(2-) ions, configurations that are in good agreement with the expected configurations for this valence semiconductor and with the results of band structure calculations.", "doi": "10.1021/ic061533x", "issn": "0020-1669", "publisher": "American Chemical Society", "publication": "Inorganic Chemistry", "publication_date": "2007-02-05", "series_number": "3", "volume": "46", "issue": "3", "pages": "767-770" }, { "id": "authors:w468b-85e70", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "w468b-85e70", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150305-102736725", "type": "monograph", "title": "Seismicity of Southern California: Earthquakes of ML 3.0 and Greater, 1975 through 1983", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hutton", "given_name": "L. K.", "clpid": "Hutton-K" }, { "family_name": "Allen", "given_name": "C. R.", "clpid": "Allen-C-R" }, { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" } ], "abstract": "The time period since the last published California Institute of\nTechnology (CIT) earthquake catalog (Hileman 1974; Friedman 1976) has\nseen many changes in data analysis and reporting procedures at the\nSeismological Laboratory. CIT merged its operation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) during this period. Digital recording (Johnson\n1979) was introduced in 1977 and computer systems improved several times\nsince. The seismic network itself expanded from 125 stations in 1975 to\nmore than 200 in early 1983 (Figure 1). The result is an agglomeration\nof data that way take a superhuman effort to sort through.\nMuch use can be made, however, of a timely earthquake catalog which\nis restricted to the larger earthquakes. We therefore present as\ncomplete and reliable a list of events of ML 3.0 and greater as\npossible, comprising 3,650 individual earthquakes.", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "publication_date": "1985" }, { "id": "authors:6v2cp-60c24", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "6v2cp-60c24", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140905-084615531", "type": "article", "title": "The Santa Barbara, California, earthquake of 13 August 1978", "author": [ { "family_name": "Corbett", "given_name": "Edward J.", "clpid": "Corbett-E-J" }, { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "Carl E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" } ], "abstract": "The 5.1 M_L Santa Barbara earthquake of 13 August 1978 occurred at 22h54m 52.8s UTC. The epicenter was located 3 km southeast of Santa Barbara at 34\u00b0 23.9\u2032N latitude and 119\u00b040.9\u2032W longitude with a focal depth of 12.7 km. The main shock was followed between 13 August and 30 September by 373 aftershocks that were located with the Caltech-USGS array. The aftershock zone extended 12 km WNW from the epicenter and was 6 km wide in the N-S direction, and it had a very clear temporal development. During the first 20 min of activity, all the aftershocks were located in a cluster 7 km WNW of the main shock epicenter. During the next 24 hr, the aftershock zone grew to 11 km in the WNW direction and 4 km in the N-S direction. During succeeding weeks, the zone extended to 12 by 6 km. This temporal-spatial development relative to the main shock epicenter may indicate that the initial rupture propagated 7 km unilaterally to the WNW, and the initial rupture plane may have been considerably smaller than the eventual aftershock zone. This smaller area suggests that the stress drop may have been significantly greater than that derived from the final aftershock zone.\nIn cross section, the aftershock hypocenters outline a nearly horizontal plane (dipping 15\u00b0 or less) at 13 km depth. The main shock focal mechanism indicates NNE-SSW compression and vertical extension. The preferred fault plane strikes N80\u00b0W and dips 26\u00b0NNE, indicating north-over-south thrusting with a component of left-lateral movement. Focal mechanisms for 40 aftershocks also indicate compression in the general N-S direction. For most of these events, the north-dipping nodal plane dips between 7\u00b0 and 45\u00b0, with most dipping 25\u00b0 or more, which is significantly steeper than the plane delineated by the hypocenters themselves. These observations are consistent with a tectonic model in which much of the slip during the Santa Barbara earthquake occurred on a nearly horizontal plane. The after shocks then might represent movement on a complex series of imbricate thrust faults that flatten into the plane of primary slip. Hence, the Santa Barbara earthquake may be taken as evidence for mid-crustal horizontal shearing in the western Transverse Ranges.", "issn": "0037-1106", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "publication_date": "1982-12", "series_number": "6", "volume": "72", "issue": "6", "pages": "2201-2226" }, { "id": "authors:b5vx8-8xz36", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "b5vx8-8xz36", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140916-112700439", "type": "article", "title": "Seismicity along the Pacific-North American plate boundary in California and western Nevada, 1980-81", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hill", "given_name": "D. P.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7476-6306", "clpid": "Hill-D-P" }, { "family_name": "Cockerham", "given_name": "R. S.", "clpid": "Cockerham-R-S" }, { "family_name": "Eaton", "given_name": "J. P.", "clpid": "Eaton-J-P" }, { "family_name": "Ellsworth", "given_name": "W. L.", "clpid": "Ellsworth-W-L" }, { "family_name": "Lindh", "given_name": "A. G.", "clpid": "Lindh-A-G" }, { "family_name": "Allen", "given_name": "C. R.", "clpid": "Allen-C-R" }, { "family_name": "Hutton", "given_name": "L. K.", "clpid": "Hutton-K" }, { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Rodgers", "given_name": "A. M.", "clpid": "Rodgers-A-M" }, { "family_name": "Carr", "given_name": "W. J.", "clpid": "Carr-W-J" }, { "family_name": "Ryall", "given_name": "A. S.", "clpid": "Ryall-A-S" } ], "abstract": "Beginning in 1980, the number and distribution of telemetered,\nhigh-gain seismic stations operated in California and western Nevada\nprovided the capability for locating earthquakes of M \u2265 2.0\noccurring throughout the broadly-deforming Pacific-North American\nplate boundary from the Salton Trough to the Mendocino triple junction\nand as far inland as the western Great Basin. Four networks\ncombine to provide this capability: (1) the 300-station Central\nCalifornia Network operated by the U.S. Geological Survey from Menlo\nPark, CA; (2) the 200-station Southern California Network operated\njointly by the California Institute of Technology (CIT) and the\nU. S. Geological Survey from Pasadena, CA; (3) the 40-station\nWestern Nevada-Eastern California Network operated by the University\nof Nevada from Reno, NV; and (4) the 55-station Southern Nevada\nNetwork operated by the U.S. Geological Survey from Golden, CO. The\ndistribution of earthquake hypocenters located by this combination\nof networks for 1980 and 1981 brings into focus detailed seismicity\npatterns within the broad bands of earthquake activity that have\npersisted for SO years or more based on locations of M \u2265 3\nearthquakes from the regional networks operated by CIT and the\nUniversity of California, Berkeley, since the early 1930's. The\nprecise focal parameters of M \u2265 2.0 earthquakes afforded by these\nfour telemetered networks provide critical constraints on the\nkinematics of seismogenic deformation of the western margin of the\nNorth American plate adjacent to the San Andreas transform-fault\nsystem.", "issn": "0012-8287", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "publication": "Earthquake Notes", "publication_date": "1982-03", "series_number": "1", "volume": "54", "issue": "1", "pages": "46" }, { "id": "authors:06d05-mcv35", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "06d05-mcv35", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141204-133907201", "type": "book_section", "title": "Aftershocks and Preearthquake Seismicity", "author": [ { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "Carl E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Hutton", "given_name": "L. K.", "clpid": "Hutton-K" } ], "abstract": "Although primary surface faulting was mapped for nearly 30 km,\naftershocks extended in a complex pattern more than 100 km along\nthe trend of the Imperial fault. A first-motion focal mechanism for the\nmain shock is consistent with right-lateral motion on a vertical fault\nstriking N. 42\u00b0 W., in agreement with the strike of the Imperial fault\nwithin the limits of resolution. There is evidence that conjugate faulting\non a buried complementary northeast-trending structure occurred\nat the north limit of displacement on the Imperial fault near Brawley,\nCalif. This faulting was apparently initiated at the time of a magnitude\n5.8 aftershock 8 hours after the main shock. A line of epicenters\nextending along the trend of the San Andreas fault nearly 100 km into\nthe eastern Imperial Valley was noted during the aftershock sequence,\nin an area recognized as notably aseismic during the preceding\n5 years. The main shock was preceded by a 3-month period of\nsignificantly reduced seismicity affecting the central Imperial Valley.\nAlthough three small events near the incipient epicenter during this\ninterval may be deemed foreshocks, no distinct foreshocks immediately\nbefore the main shock were observed.", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "publication_date": "1982" }, { "id": "authors:sgqjr-7vx31", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "sgqjr-7vx31", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170411-102629973", "type": "article", "title": "Stereoviews of Seismicity Associated with Subduction Zones", "author": [ { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "Carl E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Richter", "given_name": "Frank M.", "clpid": "Richter-F-M" } ], "abstract": "Fifteen stereoviews of intermediate and deep focus earthquakes are presented. They provide a concise three-dimensional description of the structure of subduction zones.", "doi": "10.1086/628440", "issn": "0022-1376", "publisher": "University of Chicago Press", "publication": "Journal of Geology", "publication_date": "1979-09", "series_number": "5", "volume": "87", "issue": "5", "pages": "467-474" }, { "id": "authors:4kqer-v2d67", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4kqer-v2d67", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140812-153520139", "type": "article", "title": "Large creep events on the Imperial fault, California", "author": [ { "family_name": "Goulty", "given_name": "N. R.", "clpid": "Goulty-N-R" }, { "family_name": "Burford", "given_name": "R. O.", "clpid": "Burford-R-O" }, { "family_name": "Allen", "given_name": "C. R.", "clpid": "Allen-C-R" }, { "family_name": "Gilman", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Gilman-R" }, { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Keller", "given_name": "R. P.", "clpid": "Keller-R-P" } ], "abstract": "During September 1975, three creepmeters were installed across the Imperial\nfault and one across the southern end of the Brawley fault, two members of the San\nAndreas fault system in the Imperial Valley of southeastern California. These\nsupplement earlier installations in the Imperial Valley of one dial-gauge creepmeter\nand six alignment arrays (Figure 1 and Table 1). Each creepmeter uses either an\ninvar or a stainless steel wire suspended in a horizontally buried pipe, and crosses\nthe fault at an angle of about 45\u00b0. Those at Heber Road and Tuttle Ranch are of\nthe design described by Yamashita and Burford (1973), using a linear variable\ndifferential transformer as the displacement transducer, and are 20 m long. The\nthree more northerly creepmeters are similar in design to that described by Smith\nand Wyss (1968), and are between 12 and 15 m in length. Those at Harris Road and\nRoss Road use a potentiometer in a bridge circuit as the displacement transducer\nfor continuous recording. The Superstition Hills creepmeter is equipped with a dial-gauge\nmicrometer, which is read periodically.", "issn": "0037-1106", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "publication_date": "1978-04", "series_number": "2", "volume": "68", "issue": "2", "pages": "517-521" }, { "id": "authors:tzrfr-9b423", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "tzrfr-9b423", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140813-142126212", "type": "article", "title": "Tectonic implications of the Brawley earthquake swarm, Imperial Valley, California, January 1975", "author": [ { "family_name": "Johnson", "given_name": "Carl E.", "clpid": "Johnson-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Hadley", "given_name": "David M.", "clpid": "Hadley-D-M" } ], "abstract": "The Brawley earthquake swarm provided a unique opportunity for studying a highly interesting tectonic region. The swarm was most intense for a period of 4 days including 75 events with M_L between 3.0 and 4.7 with a spatial extent of 12 km. Precise relative hypocenters were obtained for 264 earthquakes (M_L \u2267 1.5) using a master event method to calibrate the USGS Imperial Valley array. These locations together with well-constrained focal mechanisms for 16 of the largest events suggest faulting on at least three distinct structures. Hypocentral depths ranged from 4 to 8 km, compared to a basement depth of about 6 km for this part of the Imperial Valley. The swarm began on a nearly vertical right-lateral fault striking N8\u00b0W (Brawley fault) about 8 km southeast of Brawley at a point which had experienced enhanced shallow seismicity during the preceding 4 days. The seismicity migrated bilaterally north and south from this point at a constant velocity of 0.5 km/hr terminating to the north on a steeply south dipping, N50\u00b0E-striking fault. This structure is on trend with splays associated with the northern end of ground breakage of the 1940 Imperial Valley earthquake. To the south the seismicity ended near the northern end of the 10 km of surface rupture mapped by R. V. Sharp, which continues on strike to a point near the Imperial fault. Tectonic interpretations include the transfer of right-lateral offset from the Imperial fault to the Brawley fault associated with the formation of a closed depression bounded on the west and east by these two faults.", "issn": "0037-1106", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "publication_date": "1976-08", "series_number": "4", "volume": "66", "issue": "4", "pages": "1133-1144" } ]