[ { "id": "authors:qvywf-nzv68", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qvywf-nzv68", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090911-153602295", "type": "article", "title": "Influence of water on yields and isotopic fractionations of gas hydrocarbons generated from oil cracking", "author": [ { "family_name": "Jin", "given_name": "Yongbin", "clpid": "Jin-Y" }, { "family_name": "Xiao", "given_name": "Xianming", "clpid": "Xiao-X" }, { "family_name": "Tang", "given_name": "Yongchun", "clpid": "Tang-Y" }, { "family_name": "Tian", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Tian-H" }, { "family_name": "Liu", "given_name": "Jinzhong", "clpid": "Liu-Jinzhong" } ], "abstract": "Few investigations have been made to discuss the influence of water on the yields and carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios of gas hydrocarbons generated from oil cracking although water occurs in oil reservoirs. In this study, a pyrolysis experiment for a crude oil under hydrous and anhydrous conditions in a gold tube confined system was performed at T = 370\u00b0C, P = 21 MPa and times from 1 to 7 days. It is found that water has an obvious inhibition on the gas yields generated from oil cracking and a pronounced influence on the carbon and hydrogen isotopic fractionations of the cracking gas. Compared with the anhydrous pyrolysis, the hydrous pyrolysis has a smaller C_(1-5) alkane yields and lighter carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios of the C_(1-3) hydrocarbons within maturity levels investigated. The differences in their C_(1-5) alkane yields reach 3-12 ml/g, in their \u03b4^(13)CH_4, \u03b4^(13)C_2H_6 and \u03b4^(13)C_3H_8 values reach 1.0-2.7\u2030, 0.2-0.8\u2030 and 0.2-0.3\u2030, respectively, and in their \u03b4DCH_4, \u03b4DC_2H_6, \u03b4DC_3H_8 values reach 5-16\u2030, 22-80\u2030 and 4-13\u2030, respectively. Moreover, the hydrous pyrolysis experiment formed a greater amount of H_2 and alkenes and a smaller amount of CO_2 than the anhydrous pyrolysis experiment did. The differences of H_2, ethene, propene and CO_2 between the two experiment conditions are 0.44-2.12 ml/g, 0.03-0.05 ml/g, 0.20-0.34 ml/g and 0.08-0.98 ml/g, respectively. These results indicate that these differences in carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios of generated gases between the hydrous and anhydrous experiments is possibly because water affects the free radical reactions of oil cracking and inhibits the combination between alkyl and hydrogen to form alkane to some extent, rather than due to the isotopic exchange reactions between water and some pyrolysates as usually believed for kerogen hydrous pyrolysis.", "issn": "0016-7002", "publisher": "Geochemical Society of Japan", "publication": "Geochemical Journal", "publication_date": "2009", "series_number": "4", "volume": "43", "issue": "4", "pages": "247-255" }, { "id": "authors:ek3z5-6a745", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ek3z5-6a745", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141118-090640921", "type": "article", "title": "The Impact of Boreal Forest Fire on Climate Warming", "author": [ { "family_name": "Randerson", "given_name": "J. T.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6559-7387", "clpid": "Randerson-J-T" }, { "family_name": "Liu", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Liu-H" }, { "family_name": "Flanner", "given_name": "M. G.", "clpid": "Flanner-M-G" }, { "family_name": "Chambers", "given_name": "S. D.", "clpid": "Chambers-S-D" }, { "family_name": "Jin", "given_name": "Y.", "clpid": "Jin-Y" }, { "family_name": "Hess", "given_name": "P. G.", "clpid": "Hess-P-G" }, { "family_name": "Pfister", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "Pfister-G-G" }, { "family_name": "Mack", "given_name": "M. C.", "clpid": "Mack-M-C" }, { "family_name": "Treseder", "given_name": "K. K.", "clpid": "Treseder-K-K" }, { "family_name": "Welp", "given_name": "L. R.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7125-0478", "clpid": "Welp-L-R" }, { "family_name": "Chapin", "given_name": "F. S.", "clpid": "Chapin-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Harden", "given_name": "J. W.", "clpid": "Harden-J-W" }, { "family_name": "Goulden", "given_name": "M. L.", "orcid": "0000-0002-9379-3948", "clpid": "Goulden-M-L" }, { "family_name": "Lyons", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Lyons-E" }, { "family_name": "Neff", "given_name": "J. C.", "clpid": "Neff-J-C" }, { "family_name": "Schuur", "given_name": "E. A. G.", "clpid": "Schuur-E-A-G" }, { "family_name": "Zender", "given_name": "C. S.", "clpid": "Zender-C-S" } ], "abstract": "We report measurements and analysis of a boreal forest fire, integrating the effects of greenhouse gases, aerosols, black carbon deposition on snow and sea ice, and postfire changes in surface albedo. The net effect of all agents was to increase radiative forcing during the first year (34 \u00b1 31 Watts per square meter of burned area), but to decrease radiative forcing when averaged over an 80-year fire cycle (\u20132.3 \u00b1 2.2 Watts per square meter) because multidecadal increases in surface albedo had a larger impact than fire-emitted greenhouse gases. This result implies that future increases in boreal fire may not accelerate climate warming.", "doi": "10.1126/science.1132075", "issn": "0036-8075", "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science", "publication": "Science", "publication_date": "2006-11-17", "series_number": "5802", "volume": "314", "issue": "5802", "pages": "1130-1132" } ]