[ { "id": "authors:7cfpe-ncf36", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7cfpe-ncf36", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230526-663080000.38", "type": "book_section", "title": "Wireless Power Transfer at Distance", "book_title": "2023 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Wireless revolution in communication systems over the last several decades is beginning to move to the realm of energy transfer. Continuous energy transmission using proximity inductive charging is already available in many of our portable device [1]. Although it is technically wireless, the source and recipient of the energy still need to be within immediate proximity of each other, which leaves most of the wireless power application space unaddressed. This need drives the development of wireless power transfer at distance (WPT-AD) [2].", "doi": "10.1109/cicc57935.2023.10121222", "isbn": "979-8-3503-9948-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2023-04", "pages": "1-4" }, { "id": "authors:44ft3-jg113", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "44ft3-jg113", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220217-686367000", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fully Collapsible Lightweight Dipole Antennas", "book_title": "2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin", "orcid": "0000-0003-4889-5782", "clpid": "Fikes-Austin-C" }, { "family_name": "Mizrahi", "given_name": "Oren S.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4271-8822", "clpid": "Mizrahi-Oren-S" }, { "family_name": "Truong", "given_name": "Alan", "clpid": "Truong-Alan" }, { "family_name": "Wiesem\u00fcller", "given_name": "Fabian", "clpid": "Wiesem\u00fcller-Fabian" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Flexible, deployable phased arrays enable novel and diverse applications but necessitate similarly flexible radiators. Here we present a light and flexible 10GHz dipole antenna, which is co-cured to a glass-fiber composite and suited for flexible phased arrays. The antennas are designed to dynamically conform to new array shapes and be flexible enough to fold completely flat and pop back up upon deployment. We employ a pop-up dipole with a capacitive fingers feed for impedance matching that is highly robust against manufacturing errors. Upon deployment, the antennas exhibit a \u221210 dB-bandwidth >1.5 GHz and >110\u00b0 half-power beam width single lobe pattern suitable for beamforming.", "doi": "10.1109/aps/ursi47566.2021.9704302", "isbn": "978-1-7281-4670-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2021-12-04", "pages": "545-546" }, { "id": "authors:hbm88-hza38", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "hbm88-hza38", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220121-11745000", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Compact, Low-Drive-Voltage Mach-Zehnder Modulator Using Serially-Coupled Rings", "book_title": "2021 IEEE 17th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Khachaturian", "given_name": "Aroutin", "orcid": "0000-0001-8304-3302", "clpid": "Khachaturian-Aroutin" }, { "family_name": "Porsandeh Khial", "given_name": "Parham", "orcid": "0000-0002-3242-8541", "clpid": "Porsandeh-Khial-Parham" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A novel, low-drive-voltage, and compact modulator using serially-coupled ring resonators in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) linearly reduces the modulator's energy consumption as the number of rings in the chain increases. Such an MZI with three serially-coupled rings is invested for typical silicon photonics platforms.", "doi": "10.1109/gfp51802.2021.9673938", "isbn": "978-1-6654-2224-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2021-12", "pages": "1-2" }, { "id": "authors:kqdm1-3k663", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "kqdm1-3k663", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210825-145535372", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 28 GHz Optically Synchronized CMOS Phased Array with an Integrated Photodetector", "book_title": "2021 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-Matan" }, { "family_name": "Ives", "given_name": "Craig", "clpid": "Ives-Craig-E" }, { "family_name": "Khakpour", "given_name": "Armina", "clpid": "Khakpour-Armina" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a modular 28 GHz phased array. Each of its 2\u00d74-modules is driven by a CMOS RFIC, whose RF output is optically synchronized using a fully integrated silicon photodiode. The photocurrent is amplified using a tuned injection-locked TIA to serve as the reference for an on-chip synthesizer, which generates and distributes the RF signal to the PAs that drive the antennas. We demonstrate beam steering, data transmission, and synchronization of array modules up to 25m away from the clock source.", "doi": "10.1109/rfic51843.2021.9490452", "isbn": "978-1-6654-2549-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2021-06-07", "pages": "111-114" }, { "id": "authors:jqsjs-sgp50", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jqsjs-sgp50", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220105-101236400", "type": "book_section", "title": "Flexible Phased Array Shape Reconstruction", "book_title": "2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Mizrahi", "given_name": "Oren S.", "orcid": "0000-0003-4271-8822", "clpid": "Mizrahi-Oren-S" }, { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin", "orcid": "0000-0003-4889-5782", "clpid": "Fikes-Austin" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Lightweight, flexible phased arrays enable new applications by dynamically changing shape during deployment and operation. However, these shape changes must be tracked and accounted for by changing the element excitation in order for the array to continue proper operation. We propose a framework for reconstructing the shape of a flexible phased array using only measurements of mutual coupling between the antennas in the array. The framework is demonstrated using a passive 2.5 GHz phased array and fixed to 8 different frames of known radii of convex and concave curvature. Our results show the ability to reconstruct shape to within \u2248 0.04\u03bb position error, even in cases where the phased array is bent dramatically, without any advanced knowledge or additional information. The framework is modular and can be easily adapted to other phased array systems with different antennas, frequencies, and physical constraints.", "doi": "10.1109/ims19712.2021.9574941", "isbn": "978-1-6654-0307-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2021-06-07", "pages": "31-33" }, { "id": "authors:zt63z-d7141", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "zt63z-d7141", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210205-093044804", "type": "book_section", "title": "Origami-Inspired Shape-Changing Phased Array", "book_title": "2020 50th European Microwave Conference (EuMC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Williams", "given_name": "D. Elliott", "clpid": "Williams-D-Elliott" }, { "family_name": "Dorn", "given_name": "Charles", "orcid": "0000-0001-6516-2586", "clpid": "Dorn-Charles" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "In situ geometric reconfiguration of a phased array increases the diversity of radiation patterns that can be synthesized by the array. Such shape-changing phased arrays enable new applications by dynamically conforming their shapes to the geometry best suited for a given task. This work presents the design and demonstration of an origami-inspired shape-changing array built out of identical radiating tiles held in place by a mechanical backbone. The array is capable of shifting into planar, spherical, and cylindrical configurations. The benefits of such an array are analyzed by comparing the properties of different geometries and verified with measurements of the first origami-inspired shape-changing phased array.", "doi": "10.23919/eumc48046.2021.9338189", "isbn": "9782874870590", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2021-01", "pages": "344-347" }, { "id": "authors:2y68k-vgh08", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2y68k-vgh08", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201015-152732825", "type": "book_section", "title": "Scalable, Deployable, Flexible Phased Array Sheets", "book_title": "2020 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-M" }, { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin", "clpid": "Fikes-A-C" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "M. Reza", "orcid": "0000-0002-3312-4005", "clpid": "Hashemi-M-Reza" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Large aperture flexible and deployable phased arrays will enable active RF fabric and deployable array structures for terrestrial and space applications. The flexible phased array design paradigm is enabled by small, multi-function radio frequency integrated circuits and low mass radiators, which avoid conventional dielectric materials. This paper presents a 256 element, 30 cm x 30 cm flexible phased array, operating at 10 GHz and focusing 0.8 W at 2 m distance. A novel beam-focusing algorithm is used to demonstrate 2-D beam-steering and deformation correction capabilities of the flexible phased array.", "doi": "10.1109/ims30576.2020.9224066", "isbn": "9781728168159", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2020-08", "pages": "1085-1088" }, { "id": "authors:psq03-x5843", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "psq03-x5843", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200430-152742107", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Fully Integrated, Dual Channel, Flip Chip Packaged 113 GHz Transceiver in 28nm CMOS supporting an 80 Gb/s Wireless Link", "book_title": "2020 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Townley", "given_name": "Andrew", "clpid": "Townley-A" }, { "family_name": "Baniasadi", "given_name": "Nima", "clpid": "Baniasadi-N" }, { "family_name": "Krishnamurthy", "given_name": "Sashank", "clpid": "Krishnamurthy-Sashank" }, { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Alon", "given_name": "Elad", "clpid": "Alon-E" }, { "family_name": "Niknejad", "given_name": "Ali", "clpid": "Niknejad-A" } ], "abstract": "In order to meet the demand for increasingly higher data rate wireless links, broad-bandwidth transceivers that support high-spectral-efficiency modulation schemes are required. In this paper, a mm-wave transceiver IC operating at 113GHz is demonstrated, achieving a single-channel data rate of 80Gb/s. The transceiver achieves a high level of integration, including LO generation circuitry, a bits-to-RF TX DAC, and two transceiver channels for polarization diversity. The chip is flip-chip packaged onto a PCB with two orthogonally polarized antennas.", "doi": "10.1109/cicc48029.2020.9075890", "isbn": "9781728160313", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2020-03", "pages": "1-4" }, { "id": "authors:27wy6-xp082", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "27wy6-xp082", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190801-154731156", "type": "book_section", "title": "Flexible, Conformal Phased Arrays with Dynamic Array Shape Self-Calibration", "book_title": "2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin C.", "clpid": "Fikes-A-C" }, { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Flexible and conformal phased arrays enable a broad range of novel applications. One of the major challenges for such systems is that they experience a change in their behavior when bent or deformed. A self-calibrating flexible phased array can overcome this by estimating the relative position change of its elements as they undergo local deformations. In this work, we demonstrate a dynamically flexible and conformal 8-element phased array based on a custom CMOS transceiver unit. Beam-steering is demonstrated with the flexible array flat and with the array conformed to convex and concave bend radii of \u00b1120 mm. In addition, we propose and test a shape calibration method that uses only the coupling between elements, using the flexible phase array.", "isbn": "978-1-7281-1309-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2019-06", "pages": "1458-1461" }, { "id": "authors:8m3a5-09j94", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "8m3a5-09j94", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190712-094214650", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Wideband On-Chip Radiator Driven by a Traveling-Wave Photodetector", "book_title": "CLEO: Science and Innovations 2019", "author": [ { "family_name": "Ives", "given_name": "Craig", "clpid": "Ives-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An integrated broadband Vivaldi antenna driven by an on-chip traveling-wave photodetector is reported. The silicon photonic chip radiates between 21 and 67 GHz with\u221265 dBm coupled power at 44 GHz.", "doi": "10.1364/cleo_si.2019.sth3h.7", "isbn": "978-1-943580-57-6", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "place_of_publication": "Washington, DC", "publication_date": "2019-05", "pages": "Art. No. STh3H.7" }, { "id": "authors:c7qwz-bzv53", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "c7qwz-bzv53", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190712-092832892", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Photodetector-Driven Coherent RF Array with Wide Tuning Range", "book_title": "CLEO: Science and Innovations 2019", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Ives", "given_name": "Craig", "clpid": "Ives-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A sixteen-element coherent array of wideband spiral antennas driven by photodetectors is presented. The array radiates between 21 and 65 GHz, with \u221245 dBm of coupled power at 42 GHz.", "doi": "10.1364/cleo_si.2019.sf2n.6", "isbn": "978-1-943580-57-6", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "place_of_publication": "Washington, DC", "publication_date": "2019-05", "pages": "Art. No. SF2N.6" }, { "id": "authors:92egn-2s343", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "92egn-2s343", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190710-154813563", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Chip-Scale Nanophotonic Optical Gyroscope", "book_title": "2019 IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors and Systems (INERTIAL)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Khial", "given_name": "Parham P.", "orcid": "0000-0002-3242-8541", "clpid": "Khial-P-P" }, { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "Alexander D.", "orcid": "0000-0002-5387-310X", "clpid": "White-A-D" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents the first demonstration of a nanophotonic optical gyroscope (NOG) on a silicon-photonic platform. Reciprocal sensitivity enhancement is introduced as an effective method to overcome the limitations of NOGs.", "doi": "10.1109/ISISS.2019.8739715", "isbn": "978-1-5386-7828-2", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2019-04", "pages": "1-3" }, { "id": "authors:m45qn-23c76", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "m45qn-23c76", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190522-154638477", "type": "book_section", "title": "Extending the wavelength range of multi-spectral microscope systems with Fourier ptychography", "book_title": "Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2019", "author": [ { "family_name": "Chan", "given_name": "Antony Chi Shing", "clpid": "Chan-Antony-Chi-Shing" }, { "family_name": "Shen", "given_name": "Cheng", "orcid": "0000-0001-7136-4715", "clpid": "Shen-Cheng" }, { "family_name": "Williams", "given_name": "Elliot", "clpid": "Williams-E" }, { "family_name": "Lyu", "given_name": "Xiaoyu", "clpid": "Lyu-Xiaoyu" }, { "family_name": "Lu", "given_name": "Hangwen", "clpid": "Lu-Hangwen" }, { "family_name": "Ives", "given_name": "Craig", "clpid": "Ives-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Yang", "given_name": "Changhuei", "orcid": "0000-0001-8791-0354", "clpid": "Yang-Changhuei" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Shaked", "given_name": "Natan T.", "clpid": "Shaked-N-T" }, { "family_name": "Hayden", "given_name": "Oliver", "clpid": "Hayden-O" } ], "abstract": "Due to the chromatic dispersion properties inherent in all optical materials, even the best designed multi-spectral objective will exhibit residual chromatic aberration effect. Here we show that the aberration correction ability of Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is well matched and well suited for post-image acquisition correction of these effects to render in-focus images. We show that an objective with significant spectral focal shift (up to 0.02 \u03bcm/nm) and spectral field curvature (up to 0.05 \u03bcm/nm drift at off-axis position of 800\u03bcm) can be computationally corrected to render images with effectively null spectral defocus and field curvature. This approach of combining optical objective design and computational microscopy provides a good strategy for high quality multi-spectral imaging over a broad spectral range, and eliminating the need for mechanical actuation solutions.", "doi": "10.1117/12.2510875", "isbn": "9781510624221", "publisher": "Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2019-03-25", "pages": "Art. No. 108902O" }, { "id": "authors:npqpe-y4a45", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "npqpe-y4a45", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190107-110253682", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Sub-Picosecond Hybrid DLL for Large-Scale Phased Array Synchronization", "book_title": "2018 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A large-scale timing synchronization scheme for scalable phased arrays is presented. This approach utilizes a DLL co-designed with a subsequent 2.5GHz PLL. The DLL employs a low noise, fine/coarse delay tuning to reduce the in-band rms jitter to 323fs, an order of magnitude improvement over previous works at similar frequencies. The DLL was fabricated in a 65nm bulk CMOS process and was characterized from 27MHz to 270MHz. It consumes up to 3.3mW from a 1V power supply and has a small footprint of 0.036mm^2.", "doi": "10.1109/ASSCC.2018.8579340", "isbn": "978-1-5386-6413-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-11", "pages": "231-234" }, { "id": "authors:jzac5-r4q89", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jzac5-r4q89", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181025-114426172", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Coupled Inductive Bridge for Magnetic Sensing Applications", "book_title": "IEEE 44th European Solid State Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A highly-sensitive magnetic sensor with excellent long-term stability is presented. We modify a conventional all-inductor AC Wheatstone Bridge by coupling two inductor pairs in a cross-coupled configuration which halves its size and doubles its sensitivity, while maintaining a fully differential output that reduces common-mode induced offset and drift. The sensor was fabricated with integrated excitation and receiver circuitry in a 65nm bulk CMOS process. It operates between 770MHz and 1.45GHz, has an effective sensing area of 200\u00b5m \u00d7 200\u00b5m, and reliably and continuously detects single 4.5\u00b5m magnetic label beads without significant drift over time periods notably longer than previously reported works. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a magnetic sensor using a fully symmetric, gain enhanced, and all-inductor coupled bridge circuit.", "doi": "10.1109/ESSCIRC.2018.8494313", "isbn": "978-1-5386-5404-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-09", "pages": "342-345" }, { "id": "authors:p05hy-rjp75", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "p05hy-rjp75", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181210-140402265", "type": "book_section", "title": "Ultralight Energy Converter Tile for the Space Solar Power Initiative", "book_title": "2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kelzenberg", "given_name": "Michael D.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6249-2827", "clpid": "Kelzenberg-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez", "given_name": "Pilar", "orcid": "0000-0002-7656-0077", "clpid": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez-P" }, { "family_name": "Vaidya", "given_name": "Nina", "clpid": "Vaidya-N" }, { "family_name": "Warmann", "given_name": "Emily C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2810-4608", "clpid": "Warmann-E-C" }, { "family_name": "Naqavi", "given_name": "Ali", "clpid": "Naqavi-A" }, { "family_name": "Loke", "given_name": "Samuel P.", "clpid": "Loke-S-P" }, { "family_name": "Saive", "given_name": "Philipp", "clpid": "Saive-P" }, { "family_name": "Roy", "given_name": "Tatiana A.", "clpid": "Roy-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Vinogradova", "given_name": "Tatiana G.", "clpid": "Vinogradova-T-G" }, { "family_name": "Leclerc", "given_name": "Christophe", "clpid": "Leclerc-C" }, { "family_name": "Gdoutos", "given_name": "Eleftherios E.", "clpid": "Gdoutos-E-E" }, { "family_name": "Royer", "given_name": "Fabien", "clpid": "Royer-F" }, { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin", "clpid": "Fikes-A-C" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Mohammed R.", "clpid": "Hashemi-M-R" }, { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" }, { "family_name": "Atwater", "given_name": "Harry A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9435-0201", "clpid": "Atwater-H-A" } ], "abstract": "We have fabricated a functional prototype of an ultralight power converter tile; a modular building block for a space-based solar power system. The tile is \u223c10\u00d715 cm in area, and weighs \u223c1.5 kg/m^2. It comprises a photovoltaic (PV) solar energy collector, a radio-frequency (RF) power converter, and an array of transmission antennas. The PV collector subassembly utilizes \u223c15x, 1D parabolic trough reflective concentrators with triple-junction (3J) solar cells. It has areal mass of \u223c0.8 kg/m^2, 74% optical efficiency, and a peak specific power of \u223c230W/kg. We demonstrated wireless power transmission over a distance of \u223c50 cm in our lab. Analysis of the sources of mass and inefficiency suggest a path towards achieving dramatically higher performance with future designs.", "doi": "10.1109/pvsc.2018.8547403", "isbn": "9781538685297", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-06", "pages": "3357-3359" }, { "id": "authors:8tte6-1ma75", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "8tte6-1ma75", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200103-130516403", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Low Power PWM Optical Phased Array Transmitter with 16\u00b0 Field-of-View and 0.8\u00b0 Beamwidth", "book_title": "2018 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fatemi", "given_name": "Reza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9081-2608", "clpid": "Fatemi-R" }, { "family_name": "Khachaturian", "given_name": "Aroutin", "orcid": "0000-0001-8304-3302", "clpid": "Khachaturian-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An optical phased array (OPA) transmitter system with a high-swing electrical PWM driver achieving the highest reported grating-lobe-free field-of-view to beamwidth ratio of 16\u00b0/0.8\u00b0 for a two-dimensional aperture is presented. This ratio translates to 400 resolvable spots-which is 30x more numerous than the state-of-the-art. This scalable OPA, with a sparsely populated aperture, overcomes optical routing difficulties in planar photonic processes while maintaining the desired transmitter beam characteristics. To reduce the power consumption, a row-column electrical connection grid for the 144 optical phase shifters decreases the number of electrical drivers from 144 to 37. The PWM driver chip incorporates a breakdown-voltage multiplying architecture to increase the output voltage swing. The 65nm CMOS electronic driver chip and the photonic chip, fabricated through a standard silicon photonics process, occupy 1.7mm\u00b2 and 2.08mm\u00b2 of active area respectively.", "doi": "10.1109/rfic.2018.8428847", "isbn": "9781538645451", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-06", "pages": "28-31" }, { "id": "authors:kcef9-q5190", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "kcef9-q5190", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200103-130914658", "type": "book_section", "title": "Proximal-Field Radiation Sensors for Millimeter-Wave Integrated Radiators", "book_title": "2018 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Asghari", "given_name": "Bahar", "clpid": "Asghari-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Integration of Proximal-Field Radiation Sensors (PFRS) with mm-wave integrated radiators enables extraction of valuable information about their far-field radiation properties from the surface waves inside the substrate and the electromagnetic fields in close proximity of the radiating antennas. In this paper, we present a 72 GHz 2\u00d71 integrated radiator array with four on-chip PFRS units to show proximal-field sensing capability in calculation of far-field radiation properties solely through on-chip measurement of proximal fields.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2018.8429018", "isbn": "9781538645451", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-06", "pages": "256-259" }, { "id": "authors:nys2v-gbb77", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "nys2v-gbb77", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190827-111648684", "type": "book_section", "title": "Lensless imaging using silicon photonics optical phased arrays receivers (Conference Presentation)", "book_title": "Silicon Photonics XIII", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Reed", "given_name": "Graham T.", "clpid": "Reed-G-T" }, { "family_name": "Knights", "given_name": "Andrew P.", "clpid": "Knights-A-P" } ], "abstract": "The ability to integrate optical phased arrays (OPA) on a single silicon-photonics substrate offers a plethora of new opportunities in various fields, including projection and imaging. In this paper, we will discuss some of the trade-offs in the design of OPAs and their application. We investigate OPA receivers which can form and electronically steer a \"gazing beam\" in a desired direction. We will discuss various architectural and systems choices and present a one-dimensional (1D) OPA and a two dimensional (2D) OPA, as examples. We will demonstrate how an optical heterodyning approach can be used to improve the sensitivity of such OPA and form images directly from the surface of a silicon nano-photonic chip without any lens, additional optical components, or moving parts. We will discuss the design details of a 1D OPA RX camera with a field of view in excess of 60 with a gazing beam width of 0.74 based on a heterodyning architecture. We will also investigate the details of the design of a heterodyne 2D OPA lensless camera which can image with the gazing beam width of 0.75 and the ability to image a field of view of roughly 8 in azimuth and elevation. We will also discuss the concept and implementation of coherent imagers that can be used as highly precise 3D imagers. As an example, we will show 3D imaging at the distance of 0.5m with a resolution of 15um.", "doi": "10.1117/12.2293192", "isbn": "9781510615595", "publisher": "Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)", "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA", "publication_date": "2018-03-14", "pages": "Art. No. 105370C" }, { "id": "authors:0d6be-j1q10", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "0d6be-j1q10", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180412-125250249", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 69-to-79GHz CMOS multiport PA/radiator with +35.7dBm CW EIRP and integrated PLL", "book_title": "2018 IEEE International Solid - State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Low-cost mm-wave silicon integrated signal generation and processing enable many applications, such as silicon-based automotive radars for self-driving cars and wireless communications. Some challenges encountered in commercialization of such systems are the high packaging and testing costs and high sensitivity to antenna parameters, which can diminish the advantage of integrated silicon solutions. On-chip antennas have been proposed as a solution to reduce the packaging costs [1,2]. Link budget analysis of systems (e.g., radar) necessitates high-power (high EIRP) transmitters while system resolution analysis suggests higher frequency of operation for better spatial resolution. The scaling of CMOS transistors facilitates the latter requirement, but, unfortunately, the lower breakdown voltage of the transistors reduces their maximum power handling capabilities at a given radiator impedance. Several approaches have already been implemented to address this issue, each with its own shortcoming. Power-combining multiple PA outputs with passive on-chip power combiners [3] adds extra loss and reduces the overall efficiency, spatial power combining using phased arrays [4] consumes a large die area. Power combining at the antenna [5,6] has been proposed as an approach to address these challenges. In this paper, we propose a spatial PA/radiator power combining approach with optimal PA-load design using strongly coupled antennas in close proximity. This approach utilizes techniques of power combining in free space resulting in favorable drive-point impedance design and using on-chip PAs and radiators to achieve high radiated output power.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2018.8310355", "isbn": "978-1-5090-4940-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-02", "pages": "404-406" }, { "id": "authors:05x7s-t4p25", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "05x7s-t4p25", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180412-104241139", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 0.3ppm dual-resonance transformer-based drift-cancelling reference-free magnetic sensor for biosensing applications", "book_title": "2018 IEEE International Solid - State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Porsandeh Khial", "given_name": "Parham", "orcid": "0000-0002-3242-8541", "clpid": "Porsandeh-Khial-P" }, { "family_name": "Ling", "given_name": "Bill", "orcid": "0000-0002-1276-7204", "clpid": "Ling-Bill" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Cost-efficient, point-of-use diagnostics are critical for early disease detection. Traditionally, the majority of lab-based analysis equipment utilizes fluorescent markers for biodetection assays. However, magnetic-based labels have recently been shown to be promising alternatives to fluorescent tags for DNA, protein, and cell assays. Magnetic assays offer several key advantages over their fluorescent counterparts, namely that magnetic beads do not suffer from signal decay due to bleaching and that they can be detected with cheap CMOS-based sensors, eliminating the need for expensive lasers, photo-diodes, filters, and complicated post-processing steps. Significant progress has recently been made in the design of magnetic imager ICs, such as [1] which utilizes a gMr approach for detection and [2-4] which measure the resonance shift in an LC tank.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2018.8310248", "isbn": "978-1-5090-4940-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2018-02", "pages": "190-192" }, { "id": "authors:4afjx-yfv11", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4afjx-yfv11", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190805-134837271", "type": "book_section", "title": "A lightweight tile structure integrating photovoltaic conversion and RF power transfer for space solar power applications", "book_title": "AIAA Scitech 2018 Forum", "author": [ { "family_name": "Gdoutos", "given_name": "Eleftherios E.", "clpid": "Gdoutos-E-E" }, { "family_name": "Leclerc", "given_name": "Christophe", "clpid": "Leclerc-C" }, { "family_name": "Royer", "given_name": "Fabien", "clpid": "Royer-F" }, { "family_name": "Kelzenberg", "given_name": "Michael D.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6249-2827", "clpid": "Kelzenberg-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Warmann", "given_name": "Emily C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2810-4608", "clpid": "Warmann-E-C" }, { "family_name": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez", "given_name": "Pilar", "orcid": "0000-0002-7656-0077", "clpid": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez-P" }, { "family_name": "Vaidya", "given_name": "Nina", "clpid": "Vaidya-N" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Mohammed R.", "clpid": "Hashemi-M-R" }, { "family_name": "Gal-Katziri", "given_name": "Matan", "orcid": "0000-0001-9100-1188", "clpid": "Gal-Katziri-M" }, { "family_name": "Fikes", "given_name": "Austin", "clpid": "Fikes-A-C" }, { "family_name": "Atwater", "given_name": "Harry A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9435-0201", "clpid": "Atwater-H-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" } ], "abstract": "We demonstrate the development of a prototype lightweight (1.5 kg/m^3) tile structure capable of photovoltaic solar power capture, conversion to radio frequency power, and transmission through antennas. This modular tile can be repeated over an arbitrary area to forma large aperture which could be placed in orbit to collect sunlight and transmit electricity to any location. Prototype design is described and validated through finite element analysis, and high-precision ultra-light component manufacture and robust assembly are described.", "doi": "10.2514/6.2018-2202", "isbn": "9781624105302", "publisher": "AIAA", "place_of_publication": "Reston, VA", "publication_date": "2018-01-08", "pages": "Art. No. 2018-2202" }, { "id": "authors:pj5qc-23d13", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "pj5qc-23d13", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170712-150437498", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fully integrated CMOS X-Band power amplifier quad with current reuse and dynamic digital feedback (DDF) capabilities", "book_title": "2017 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 10GHz fully-integrated stacked PA quad with dynamic digital feedback and control loops provides total output power of 200mW at 37% PAE. It utilizes data provided by multiple on-chip sensors to maintain safe operating conditions and regulate the individual power PA power supply voltages and independent power control for each PA. This digitally controlled stacked PA quad with on-chip matching allows higher operation voltages while maintaining current consumption constant, leading to higher overall system efficiency, as ohmic drop losses under large supply-to-breakdown voltage ratios are reduced.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2017.7969054", "isbn": "978-1-5090-4626-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2017-06", "pages": "208-211" }, { "id": "authors:jdpzz-92t89", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jdpzz-92t89", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171012-160624981", "type": "book_section", "title": "Proximal-field radiation sensors", "book_title": "2017 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Mohammed Reza M.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8908-0048", "clpid": "Hashemi-M-R-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Proximal-Field Radiation Sensors (PFRS) are introduced as a new set of tools to enable extraction of far-field radiation properties of integrated antennas from the surface waves inside their dielectric substrates. These sensors allow self-characterization, self-calibration, and self-monitoring of the radiation performance for both printed circuit board (PCB) antennas and integrated circuit (IC) antennas without any need to additional test equipment. In this paper, we explain how these sensors can be implemented and demonstrate how the far-field radiation properties can be determined from them. A PCB prototype consisting of two transmitting patch antennas and four integrated PFRS antennas is fabricated and tested to verify the concept and demonstrate the implemented sensors' capabilities to capture the radiation properties such as gain pattern, radiated polarization, and the steering angle of the antenna array as a few examples of radiation sensors applications.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2017.8058871", "isbn": "978-1-5090-6360-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2017-06", "pages": "1375-1378" }, { "id": "authors:hd7br-x6z92", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "hd7br-x6z92", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181108-154443049", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design and Prototyping Efforts for the Space Solar Power Initiative", "book_title": "2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kelzenberg", "given_name": "Michael D.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6249-2827", "clpid": "Kelzenberg-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez", "given_name": "Pilar", "orcid": "0000-0002-7656-0077", "clpid": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez-P" }, { "family_name": "Vaidya", "given_name": "Nina", "clpid": "Vaidya-N" }, { "family_name": "Roy", "given_name": "Tatiana A.", "clpid": "Roy-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Warmann", "given_name": "Emily C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2810-4608", "clpid": "Warmann-E-C" }, { "family_name": "Naqavi", "given_name": "Ali", "clpid": "Naqavi-A" }, { "family_name": "Loke", "given_name": "Samuel P.", "clpid": "Loke-S-P" }, { "family_name": "Huang", "given_name": "Jing-Shun", "orcid": "0000-0002-7531-4691", "clpid": "Huang-Jing-Shun" }, { "family_name": "Vinogradova", "given_name": "Tatiana G.", "clpid": "Vinogradova-T-G" }, { "family_name": "Messer", "given_name": "Alexander J.", "clpid": "Messer-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Leclerc", "given_name": "Christophe", "clpid": "Leclerc-C" }, { "family_name": "Gdoutos", "given_name": "Eleftherios E.", "clpid": "Gdoutos-E-E" }, { "family_name": "Royer", "given_name": "Fabien", "clpid": "Royer-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" }, { "family_name": "Atwater", "given_name": "Harry A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9435-0201", "clpid": "Atwater-H-A" } ], "abstract": "The Space Solar Power Initiative (SSPI) seeks to enable reliable, cost-effective baseload power generation from large-scale solar power stations in space. We propose an ultralight, modular power station, having specific power in the range of 1\u201310 kW/kg for the photovoltaic (PV) collection subsystem. The building block of the power station is the 'tile,' a self-contained element that performs PV energy collection, conversion to radio frequency (RF), and transmission to earth. To minimize PV mass, we select a 1D, 10\u201320X parabolic trough concentrator geometry, which provides cooling and radiation shielding for the cells, and which folds flat for deployment. Here, we discuss the design, fabrication, and testing of the initial PV tile prototypes.", "doi": "10.1109/PVSC.2017.8366621", "isbn": "978-1-5090-5605-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2017-06", "pages": "558-561" }, { "id": "authors:xzx6p-ems21", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "xzx6p-ems21", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181109-081714215", "type": "book_section", "title": "Near-unity ultra-wideband thermal infrared emission for space solar power radiative cooling", "book_title": "2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Naqavi", "given_name": "Ali", "clpid": "Naqavi-A" }, { "family_name": "Loke", "given_name": "Samuel P.", "clpid": "Loke-S-P" }, { "family_name": "Kelzenberg", "given_name": "Michael D.", "orcid": "0000-0002-6249-2827", "clpid": "Kelzenberg-M-D" }, { "family_name": "Warmann", "given_name": "Emily C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2810-4608", "clpid": "Warmann-E-C" }, { "family_name": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez", "given_name": "Pilar", "orcid": "0000-0002-7656-0077", "clpid": "Espinet-Gonz\u00e1lez-P" }, { "family_name": "Vaidya", "given_name": "Nina", "clpid": "Vaidya-N" }, { "family_name": "Huang", "given_name": "Jing-Shun", "orcid": "0000-0002-7531-4691", "clpid": "Huang-Jing-Shun" }, { "family_name": "Roy", "given_name": "Tatiana A.", "clpid": "Roy-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Messer", "given_name": "Alexander J.", "clpid": "Messer-A-J" }, { "family_name": "Vinogradova", "given_name": "Tatiana G.", "clpid": "Vinogradova-T-G" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Pellegrino", "given_name": "Sergio", "orcid": "0000-0001-9373-3278", "clpid": "Pellegrino-S" }, { "family_name": "Atwater", "given_name": "Harry A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-9435-0201", "clpid": "Atwater-H-A" } ], "abstract": "We report the design, fabrication and characterization of ultrathin metasurfaces that exhibit wideband 300 K thermal emissivity. The emissive behavior of these structures is almost independent of the emission angle. Our ultralight subwavelength-thickness metasurfaces can be fabricated relatively easily and are excellent candidates for radiative cooling in space applications.", "doi": "10.1109/PVSC.2017.8366597", "isbn": "978-1-5090-5605-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2017-06", "pages": "521-524" }, { "id": "authors:2ep65-wns11", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2ep65-wns11", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170628-124450870", "type": "book_section", "title": "An 8x8 Heterodyne Lens-less OPA Camera", "book_title": "Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fatemi", "given_name": "Reza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9081-2608", "clpid": "Fatemi-R" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents an 8x8 optical phased array (OPA) receiver that operates as a lens-less camera using a heterodyne architecture on a thin silicon-photonics integrated SOI substrate. It has a receiving beam width of 0.75\u00b0 and beam steering range of 8\u00b0.", "doi": "10.1364/CLEO_AT.2017.JW2A.9", "isbn": "978-1-943580-27-9", "publisher": "Optical Society of America (OSA)", "place_of_publication": "San Jose, CA", "publication_date": "2017-05", "pages": "Art. No. JW2A.9" }, { "id": "authors:hfm5x-7nq73", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "hfm5x-7nq73", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170315-152158738", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 180-GHz CMOS down-converter MMIC for atmospheric remote sensing applications", "book_title": "IEEE 17th Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems (SiRF)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Parveg", "given_name": "Dristy", "clpid": "Parveg-D" }, { "family_name": "Varonen", "given_name": "Mikko", "clpid": "Varonen-M" }, { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Tikka", "given_name": "Tero", "clpid": "Tikka-T" }, { "family_name": "Kangaslahti", "given_name": "Pekka", "clpid": "Kangaslahti-P" }, { "family_name": "Gaier", "given_name": "Todd", "clpid": "Gaier-T" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Halonen", "given_name": "Kari A. I.", "clpid": "Halonen-K-A-I" } ], "abstract": "In this paper, we study the feasibility of using CMOS circuit blocks for designing future light weight, small in size atmospheric remote sensing receivers. A compact CMOS down-converter is designed which operates from 160 to 188 GHz and includes a sub-harmonically pumped I/Q resistive mixer, two IF amplifiers and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with LO buffer. A measured down-conversion gain of +2.6 dB is achieved with a total dc power consumption of 152 mW using the nominal supply of +1.2 V. The measurement results show a 3 dB IF bandwidth from 1 to 5 GHz and the VCO tuning range is from 85 to 89 GHz. The designed CMOS MMIC down-converter including the probing pads occupies a silicon area of 0.575 mm^2.", "doi": "10.1109/SIRF.2017.7874372", "isbn": "978-1-5090-5237-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2017-01", "pages": "64-67" }, { "id": "authors:epd77-b4z42", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "epd77-b4z42", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170111-132036140", "type": "book_section", "title": "A One-Dimensional Heterodyne Lens-Free OPA Camera", "book_title": "Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2016", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fatemi", "given_name": "Reza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9081-2608", "clpid": "Fatemi-R" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a thin silicon-photonics integrated one-dimensional lens-free camera based on an optical phased array receiver on an SOI process. The camera has beam steering range in excess of 60\u00b0 with no blind spots, a beam width of 0.74\u00b0, and is used to form images.", "doi": "10.1364/CLEO_SI.2016.STu3G.3", "isbn": "978-1-943580-11-8", "publisher": "Optical Society of America (OSA)", "place_of_publication": "Washington, DC", "publication_date": "2016-06", "pages": "Art. No. STu3G.3" }, { "id": "authors:qn6nw-7h674", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qn6nw-7h674", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151216-105345451", "type": "book_section", "title": "Differential Optical Ring Modulator: Breaking the Bandwidth/Quality-factor Trade-off", "author": [ { "family_name": "Saeedi", "given_name": "Saman", "clpid": "Saeedi-S" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Emami", "given_name": "Azita", "orcid": "0000-0002-6945-9958", "clpid": "Emami-A" } ], "abstract": "We present a differential ring modulator that breaks the optical bandwidth/quality factor trade-off known to limit the speed of high-Q ring modulators. This structure maintains a constant energy in the ring to avoid pattern-dependent power droop.", "doi": "10.1109/ECOC.2015.7341731", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2015-10" }, { "id": "authors:a3dgv-tk387", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "a3dgv-tk387", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151124-075124643", "type": "book_section", "title": "Monolithic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Modulator in an unmodified CMOS process", "author": [ { "family_name": "Khachaturian", "given_name": "Aroutin", "orcid": "0000-0001-8304-3302", "clpid": "Khachaturian-A" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Zhou", "given_name": "Andy", "clpid": "Zhou-Andy" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A compact monolithically integrated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Modulator operating above 1Gbps is demonstrated in an unmodified 180nm CMOS SOI process. This 50\u00b5m long structure allows for high density integration of photonics modulators and electrical driver circuitry on a single standard CMOS chip.", "doi": "10.1109/IPCon.2015.7323627", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2015-10" }, { "id": "authors:rks3h-8rz16", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "rks3h-8rz16", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201019-074355743", "type": "book_section", "title": "Cell-culturing, imaging, and magnetic manipulation using a compact 3D printed chamber", "author": [ { "family_name": "Pai", "given_name": "Alex", "clpid": "Pai-Alex" }, { "family_name": "Pailevaniant", "given_name": "Torkom", "clpid": "Pailevaniant-Torkom" }, { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "Ethan", "clpid": "White-E-E" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-Kaushik" }, { "family_name": "Sherman", "given_name": "Jeff", "clpid": "Sherman-Jeff" }, { "family_name": "Alizadeh", "given_name": "Darya", "clpid": "Alizadeh-Darya" }, { "family_name": "Cao", "given_name": "Pengpeng", "clpid": "Cao-Pengpeng" }, { "family_name": "Berlin", "given_name": "Jacob M.", "orcid": "0000-0001-7498-766X", "clpid": "Berlin-J-M" }, { "family_name": "Badie", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Badie-Behnam" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "[no abstract]", "publisher": "Curran Associates", "publication_date": "2015-10" }, { "id": "authors:hnbk2-w6c54", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "hnbk2-w6c54", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151028-075731448", "type": "book_section", "title": "A compact spiral Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Modulator on SOI process", "book_title": "2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Khachaturian", "given_name": "Aroutin", "orcid": "0000-0001-8304-3302", "clpid": "Khachaturian-A" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A compact, spiral Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Modulator with 9GHz 3dB-band width has been demonstrated. The spiral MZ1 structure allows for high density integration and reduces the cost by wrapping two 3mm long phase shifters in a 550\u03bcm\u00d7650\u03bcm silicon area.", "doi": "10.1109/Group4.2015.7305996", "isbn": "978-1-4799-8254-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2015-08", "pages": "151-152" }, { "id": "authors:td1rs-39e74", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "td1rs-39e74", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151028-075948528", "type": "book_section", "title": "Hybrid Silicon Photonics and Electronics Solutions for Communications, Sensing, and Imaging", "book_title": "2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Silicon photonics offer large bandwidths and low-loss delay, while integrated electronics can provide gain and complex signal processing with much lower overhead. Here, we will discuss a few examples of such hybrid solutions to demonstrate the potential of a more holistic approach to silicon integrated systems.", "doi": "10.1109/Group4.2015.7305902", "isbn": "978-1-4799-8254-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2015-08", "pages": "193-194" }, { "id": "authors:krk7t-akq11", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "krk7t-akq11", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151028-073850397", "type": "book_section", "title": "Automated Design of a 3D Printed Waveguide Surface Coupler", "book_title": "2015 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Yang", "given_name": "Chen", "clpid": "Yang-Chen" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Sung-Yueh", "clpid": "Wu-Sung-Yueh" }, { "family_name": "Sammoura", "given_name": "Firas", "clpid": "Sammoura-F" }, { "family_name": "Lin", "given_name": "Liwei", "clpid": "Lin-Liwei" }, { "family_name": "Alon", "given_name": "Elad", "clpid": "Alon-E" } ], "abstract": "We have implemented an automated optimization algorithm which generates de-novo EM structures under specified design objectives. We demonstrated a particular design of a surface coupling antenna which is capable of launching energy efficiently into the main mode of a plastic waveguide. A 3D printer was used to print the designed system to verify our results. The maximum available power gain of the system was measured as 0.128, implying that the coupler achieves an efficiency of at least 36% at the designed center frequency of 9.6GHz. The actual coupler efficiency is believed to be much higher because the polymer used is very lossy in this frequency range.", "doi": "10.1109/APS.2015.7304545", "isbn": "978-1-4799-7815-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2015-07", "pages": "318-319" }, { "id": "authors:psyge-1sa91", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "psyge-1sa91", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151202-094628341", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 2\u00d72 Dynamic Polarization-Controlling integrated phased array", "author": [ { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Radiator arrays with Dynamic Polarization Control (DPC) and 2D beam steering enable polarization matching to the receiver antenna regardless of its polarization, orientation, and location. A fully integrated 122.9 GHz 2\u00d72 DPC multi-port driven phased array radiates all linear polarizations (0\u00b0\u2013180\u00b0 polarization angles) with axial ratios above 14 dB, and controls the axial ratio from 1.2 dB (circular) to 17.8 dB (linear) with a maximum EIRP of +12.3 dBm and 2D beam steering of up to 15\u00b0.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2015.7337744", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2015-05" }, { "id": "authors:cagkp-3n078", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "cagkp-3n078", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150603-070801465", "type": "book_section", "title": "Hybrid Electro-Optical Solutions for High-Speed Connectivity", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Aflatouni", "given_name": "Firooz", "clpid": "Aflatouni-F" } ], "abstract": "Integrated optics can provide low-loss broadband optical delay much more readily than electronics. On the other hand, electronic integrated circuits offer unparalleled levels of signal gain and signal processing on a single die. The hybrid electro-optical solutions benefiting from\nbest of both domains can provide significant improvements overs solutions solely in one domain. In this paper, we present two examples of such hybrid electro-optical solutions.", "doi": "10.1109/OIC.2015.7115677", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2015-04" }, { "id": "authors:0m1ty-pc574", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "0m1ty-pc574", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150623-081631466", "type": "book_section", "title": "An Adjustable Self Equalizing Photo Detector", "book_title": "Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2015", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Zhou", "given_name": "Andy", "clpid": "Zhou-Andy" }, { "family_name": "Aflatouni", "given_name": "Firooz", "clpid": "Aflatouni-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An optically-wideband adjustable self-equalizing photo-detector (ASEPD), capable of reviving eye closure due to limited bandwidth of electro-optical components in an optical link, is presented. The ASEPD enables use of various slower electro-optical components in faster data links.", "doi": "10.1364/OFC.2015.W3A.3", "isbn": "978-1-55752-937-4", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "publication_date": "2015-03", "pages": "Art. No. W3A.3" }, { "id": "authors:520pc-6k916", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "520pc-6k916", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150112-094201262", "type": "book_section", "title": "A self-equalizing photo detector", "book_title": "2014 IEEE Photonics Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Aflatouni", "given_name": "Firooz", "clpid": "Aflatouni-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A self-equalizing photo-detector (SEPD) that mitigates the bandwidth limitations of electro-optical components of optical communication systems is demonstrated, enabling higher rate of data transmission, using slower components. Unlike other all-optical equalization schemes, SEPD is optically wide band, thus does not require wavelength tuning.", "doi": "10.1109/IPCon.2014.6995315", "isbn": "978-1-4577-1504-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2014-10", "pages": "1-2" }, { "id": "authors:2xn66-3e849", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2xn66-3e849", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160105-075920380", "type": "book_section", "title": "Cell culture and cell based sensor on CMOS", "book_title": "BioCAS Proceedings", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Mahdavi", "given_name": "Alborz", "orcid": "0000-0002-8790-8112", "clpid": "Mahdavi-Alborz" }, { "family_name": "Park", "given_name": "Jongseok", "clpid": "Park-Jongseok" }, { "family_name": "Chi", "given_name": "Taiyun", "clpid": "Chi-Taiyun" }, { "family_name": "Butts", "given_name": "Jessica", "clpid": "Butts-J" }, { "family_name": "Hookway", "given_name": "Tracy A.", "clpid": "Hookway-T-A" }, { "family_name": "McDevitt", "given_name": "Todd", "clpid": "McDevitt-T" }, { "family_name": "Tirrell", "given_name": "David A.", "orcid": "0000-0003-3175-4596", "clpid": "Tirrell-D-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper focuses on CMOS biosensor technologies for cellular biosensing applications. We first present our technologies to achieve on-CMOS cell culture, maintenance, and differentiation, as the basis for CMOS cellular biosensors. Next, we introduce a CMOS frequency-shift magnetic sensor scheme which performs detections without post-processing or external biasing magnetic field. Finally, we will demonstrate a CMOS magnetic cell based sensor which achieves real-time chemical detections; such a sensor scheme can be utilized for massively paralleled high-throughput chemical screening in drug development.", "doi": "10.1109/BioCAS.2014.6981764", "isbn": "978-1-4799-2346-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2014-10", "pages": "468-471" }, { "id": "authors:2f95v-1rg12", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2f95v-1rg12", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151013-081934459", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 19.1dBm segmented power-mixer based multi-Gbps mm-Wave transmitter in 32nm SOI CMOS", "book_title": "2014 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Pai", "given_name": "Alex", "clpid": "Pai-Alex" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A high-power, fully-integrated, mm-wave power mixer based transmitter capable of generating highspeed, complex non-constant envelope modulations is implemented in a 32nm SOI CMOS process. Segmented power generation approach is shown to be suitable for direct digital modulation as well as efficiency improvement at back-off power levels. The transmitter has a peak output power of 19.1dBm at 51GHz with a drain efficiency of 14.2% and a peak PAE of 10.1%. Measurements results show high-speed modulations for BPSK, QPSK, ASK, m-ASK and 16-QAM. Reliability of the transmitter has also been verified against worst case segmentation at 30% higher supply voltage.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2014.6851737", "isbn": "978-1-4799-3862-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2014-06", "pages": "343-346" }, { "id": "authors:7g6wc-zsv55", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7g6wc-zsv55", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151013-083134976", "type": "book_section", "title": "An integrated traveling-wave slot radiator", "book_title": "2014 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A traveling-wave integrated slot radiator is designed using electromagnetic duality theory based off of the ring portion of a radial multi-port driven radiator to minimize the area required exclusively for the antenna. It is designed in 32 nm SOI CMOS and driven by a buffered quadrature VCO at 4 points to create the traveling wave that radiates out of the backside of the chip. It is measured to have a maximum EIRP of 6.0 dBm at 134.5 GHz with a total radiated power of -1.7 dBm while drawing 168 mW DC power.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2014.6851744", "isbn": "978-1-4799-3862-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2014-06", "pages": "369-372" }, { "id": "authors:ntjn6-t8275", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ntjn6-t8275", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151012-160140554", "type": "book_section", "title": "Dynamic Polarization Control of Integrated Radiators", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Safaripour", "given_name": "Amirreza", "orcid": "0000-0001-9758-6156", "clpid": "Safaripour-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Dynamic Polarization Control (DPC) ensures polarization matching to the receiving antenna regardless of its polarization or orientation in space. A fully integrated 105.5 GHz 2\u00d71 DPC multi-port driven radiator array with beam steering radiates linear polarization across the full polarization angle range of 0\u00b0 to 180\u00b0 maintaining axial ratios above 10 dB, and controls the axial ratio from 2.4 dB (near circular) to 13 dB (linear) in various directions of radiation and a maximum EIRP of 7.8 dBm.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2014.6851723", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2014-06" }, { "id": "authors:mr99f-3zk27", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "mr99f-3zk27", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151005-144836838", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Compact Optically Driven Travelling-Wave Radiating Source", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Aflatouni", "given_name": "Firooz", "clpid": "Aflatouni-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A compact silicon-photonics optically driven mm-wave radiator uses a multi-port driven travelling-wave antenna driven by 8 silicon photodiodes with -3dB bandwidth of 25GHz to produce -9.7dBm EIRP at 180GHz.", "doi": "10.1364/OFC.2014.Tu2A.3", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "publication_date": "2014-03" }, { "id": "authors:gc4xs-pb229", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "gc4xs-pb229", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151005-152302561", "type": "book_section", "title": "Electronic Two-Dimensional Beam Steering for Integrated Optical Phased Arrays", "author": [ { "family_name": "Abiri", "given_name": "Behrooz", "orcid": "0000-0002-3317-2752", "clpid": "Abiri-B" }, { "family_name": "Aflatouni", "given_name": "Firooz", "clpid": "Aflatouni-F" }, { "family_name": "Rekhi", "given_name": "Angad", "clpid": "Rekhi-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents electrical beam steering in an integrated 4x4 2D optical phased\narray (OPA) on a silicon on insulator (SOI) process enabling fast and repeatable beam steering for\nnext generation projection, tracking, and imaging.", "doi": "10.1364/OFC.2014.M2K.7", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "publication_date": "2014-03" }, { "id": "authors:ywxbh-30d43", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ywxbh-30d43", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141212-101836648", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Handheld Magnetic Sensing Platform for Antigen And Nucleic Acid Detection", "book_title": "17th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences", "author": [ { "family_name": "Pai", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Pai-A" }, { "family_name": "Khachaturian", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-8304-3302", "clpid": "Khachaturian-A" }, { "family_name": "Chapman", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Chapman-S" }, { "family_name": "Hu", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Hu-A" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Wang-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "The core requirements for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics necessitate low-cost, high multiplexing, portability, easily integrated sample preparation, and quick measurement time [1, 2]. Frequency-shift based magnetic sensing is a measurement technique utilizing a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated-circuit (IC) chip for magnetic label detection. Using this technology, we have developed a complete handheld, low-power, low-cost, disposable cartridge-based diagnostic device (Fig. 1a,b) with two fully implemented assays for antigens and nucleic acids. We have demonstrated reliable measurements down to 100 pM for a 31 base-pair oligomer and 1 pM for the protein interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3).", "isbn": "978-0-9798064-6-9", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "publication_date": "2013-10", "pages": "678-680" }, { "id": "authors:019p2-5s532", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "019p2-5s532", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170125-142101153", "type": "book_section", "title": "An integrated magnetic spectrometer for multiplexed biosensing", "book_title": "2013 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "There is high demand for at-home and point-of-care medical diagnostic tools as a step toward fast, low-cost, personal medicine. Integrated biosensors based on magnetic labeling schemes offer higher sensitivity and lower cost due to the elimination of the optics and have emerged as a viable alternative to assays that use fluorescence for biomolecular detection. For instance, the frequency-shift sensor of [1] demonstrates a high-sensitivity example of a cost-effective magnetic particle biosensor in CMOS with no need for external magnets. Despite their cost and sensitivity advantages, magnetic biosensors reported so far suffer from a lack of multi-probe diagnostics similar to fluorescent-based approaches that use multiple colors for simultaneous single-site multiple target differentiation. This is primarily because current approaches measure changes in the magnetic susceptibility, \u03c7, either at low frequencies [2,3] or at a fixed RF frequency [1]. Consequently, these approaches do not provide a clear path for differentiating between a large number of small magnetic particles vs. a smaller number of larger size particles with similar magnetic content.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2013.6487744", "isbn": "978-1-4673-4516-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2013-02", "pages": "300-301" }, { "id": "authors:sv6n4-mhc06", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "sv6n4-mhc06", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170207-173346762", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 7GHz wideband self-correcting quadrature VCO", "book_title": "19th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS 2012)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Arai", "given_name": "Tomoyuki", "clpid": "Arai-Tomoyuki" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 4.0 to 6.6GHz self-correcting quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) with phase compensation loop is implemented in a 65nm CMOS process. The topology couples IQ oscillation signals of two LC-VCOs, a phase shifter, and buffers with circular configuration. This paper introduces the idea to obtain low phase noise and accurate IQ phase quadrature oscillation signal, by employing phase compensation loop to correct the IQ phase error. The self-correcting QVCO achieves the IQ phase error less than a degree, and 1MHz offset phase noise -107dBc/Hz at 6.9GHz.", "doi": "10.1109/ICECS.2012.6463798", "isbn": "978-1-4673-1260-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2012-12", "pages": "61-64" }, { "id": "authors:rx5pb-gyx60", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "rx5pb-gyx60", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120807-104449736", "type": "book_section", "title": "On-chip sensing and actuation methods for integrated self-healing mm-wave CMOS power amplifier", "book_title": "2012 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents various low power, compact, low insertion-loss sensors with digitized ADC output and digitally controlled actuation methods for on-chip characterization and healing of a mm-Wave power amplifier. We demonstrate low insertion loss (0.4dB) RF sensors which measure true input and output power in presence of load variations and very low-headroom (10\u201330mV) DC sensors with built-in regulators and thermal sensors as methods for measuring PA efficiency. All sensor outputs are digitized by a SAR-based ADC for communication with a central digital core. The paper also presents digitally controlled combiner tuning and PA bias actuation. The circuits are implemented in 45 nm SOI CMOS and enable full on-chip digitally controlled characterization and actuation of the PA with a power overhead of less than 6%.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259781", "isbn": "978-1-4673-1088-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2012-06", "pages": "1-3" }, { "id": "authors:5jy45-22574", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "5jy45-22574", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170206-175324890", "type": "book_section", "title": "A fully-integrated self-healing power amplifier", "book_title": "2012 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bowers", "given_name": "Steven M.", "clpid": "Bowers-S-M" }, { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A fully-integrated self-healing mm-wave power amplifier heals process variation, load mismatch, and transistor failure with on-chip sensors, actuators and an integrated digital algorithm ASIC without external calibration. Measurements of 20 chips showed increased RF power up to 3dB, or reduced DC power by 50% in backoff at 28 GHz. Healing 4-1 VSWR load mismatch for RF and DC power improvement was verified, and healing after laser induced transistor failure increased RF power up to 4.8dB.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2012.6242268", "isbn": "978-1-4673-0416-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2012-06", "pages": "221-224" }, { "id": "authors:ctwvk-z3z15", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ctwvk-z3z15", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170201-164845758", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 0.28THz 4x4 power-generation and beam-steering array", "book_title": "2012 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Up until recently, the terahertz frequency range (0.3 to 3THz) has been mostly addressed by high-mobility custom III-V processes, bulky and expensive nonlinear optics, or cryogenically cooled quantum cascade lasers. A low-cost room temperature alternative will enable a wide range of applications in security, defense, ultra-high-speed wireless communication, sensors, and biomedical imaging not currently accessible due to cost and size limitations. CMOS can potentially provide such a low-cost platform, but it requires novel techniques and architectures to generate, manipulate, radiate, and detect signals above transistor f_(max), which are in the sub-THz frequency region in most of today's nodes.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2012.6176999", "isbn": "978-1-4673-0377-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2012-02", "pages": "256-258" }, { "id": "authors:et3qz-hv320", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "et3qz-hv320", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170208-173325826", "type": "book_section", "title": "A versatile multi-modality serial link", "book_title": "2012 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Tanaka", "given_name": "Yusuke", "clpid": "Tanaka-Yusuke" }, { "family_name": "Hino", "given_name": "Yasufumi", "clpid": "Hino-Yasufumi" }, { "family_name": "Okada", "given_name": "Yasuhiro", "clpid": "Okada-Yasuhiro" }, { "family_name": "Takeda", "given_name": "Takahiro", "clpid": "Takeda-Takahiro" }, { "family_name": "Ohashi", "given_name": "Sho", "clpid": "Ohashi-Sho" }, { "family_name": "Yamagishi", "given_name": "Hiroyuki", "clpid": "Yamagishi-Hiroyuki" }, { "family_name": "Kawasaki", "given_name": "Kenichi", "clpid": "Kawasaki-Kenichi" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Serial data links are often designed targeting a specific transmission medium. High-speed links using different predetermined transmission media have been demonstrated in the past [1-3]. This, however, restricts user's ability to use an integrated link interface with other transmission media once the chip is fabricated. For example, traditional transceivers for copper interconnects typically transmit baseband data, which is incompatible with a free-space wireless channel that is bandpass in nature and often uses RF carriers. A multi-modality transceiver block compatible with different transmission media is highly desirable as it offers great versatility by allowing the exact same interface circuitry to be used with different transmission media. Such a versatile interface can relax the board and system design requirements and enable the reuse of the same transceiver core with different media, reducing the time and cost overhead of re-designing and re-manufacturing.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2012.6177034", "isbn": "978-1-4673-0377-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2012-02", "pages": "332-334" }, { "id": "authors:k80q0-zgr67", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "k80q0-zgr67", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170302-130129685", "type": "book_section", "title": "A terahertz imaging receiver in \u00b5m SiGe BiCMOS technology", "book_title": "2011 International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Seo", "given_name": "Dongjin", "clpid": "Seo-Dongjin" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents an integrated THz imaging receiver in bulk 0.13\u03bcm SiGe technology. The receiver, based on direct power detection, achieves a peak responsivity of 2.6MV/W and 700kV/W and a NEP of 8.7pW/\u221aHz and 32.4 pW/\u221aHz at 0.25 THz and 0.3 THz, respectively. No external silicon lens or post-processing, such as substrate thinning, was employed for improving antenna gain, efficiency and reducing power loss in substrate modes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the lowest reported NEP in silicon at THz frequencies, without the use of expensive post-processing or external silicon lens.", "doi": "10.1109/irmmw-THz.2011.6105192", "isbn": "978-1-4577-0509-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-10" }, { "id": "authors:f7yn2-rkv31", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "f7yn2-rkv31", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170209-164558334", "type": "book_section", "title": "Timing inaccuracy of clocks", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Since the beginning of time, timing accuracy has been strived for by clock designers. Although everyone has an intuitive sense of what clock accuracy and stability means, there is often an implicit comparison to some sort of assumed reference. In this talk, we will discuss the general notion of oscillator instability and evaluate the oscillator short term instability using a time-variant model which explains the evolution of the physical noise into phase noise in an oscillator. We will examine some of the design implications of such the noise evolution in the oscillator design via some practical examples.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2011.6055299", "publication_date": "2011-09" }, { "id": "authors:cz7a3-9q864", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "cz7a3-9q864", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170222-172506615", "type": "book_section", "title": "Distributed Active Radiator arrays for efficient doubling, filtering, and beam-forming", "book_title": "2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Seo", "given_name": "Dongjin", "clpid": "Seo-Dongjin" }, { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Distributed Active Radiator (DAR) arrays are demonstrated as novel ways of harmonic generation, radiation, and filtration to generate power at frequencies above the cut-off frequency of a technology. As proofs-of-concept, 2\u00d71 and 2\u00d7 2 arrays of DAR with beam-forming are implemented on PCB, which are designed to oscillate at the fundamental frequency of 1.25GHz, while radiating (circularly-polarized) at the doubling frequency of 2.5GHz. The measured EIRP of 2\u00d7 1 and 2\u00d7 2 arrays are 7.46dBm and 12.96dBm, respectively, at 2.5GHz with a DC-to-radiated 2nd harmonic conversion of 0.8%. Almost 40\u00b0 of beam-steering at 2.5GHz was measured in 2D space for the 2\u00d72 array and more than 15dB suppression of the first and third harmonic compared to the desired second harmonic was measured in the radiated far-field.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2011.5972981", "isbn": "978-1-61284-757-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-06" }, { "id": "authors:fdw25-psz53", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "fdw25-psz53", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170223-125809671", "type": "book_section", "title": "Closed-loop spurious tone reduction for self-healing frequency synthesizers", "book_title": "2011 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "On-chip spurious tone detection and correction in an 8-12 GHz CMOS synthesizer is used to automatically reduce spurious output tones at different offset frequencies by up to 20dB. Using synchronous detection, sensitivity is limited by detection time only. The presented methods are generally applicable to frequency synthesizers and phased-locked loops in various applications.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2011.5940704", "isbn": "978-1-4244-8292-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-06" }, { "id": "authors:k7e5t-mfa18", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "k7e5t-mfa18", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170223-130447610", "type": "book_section", "title": "A broadband self-healing phase synthesis scheme", "book_title": "2011 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Dasgupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Dasgupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a full-range broadband phase synthesis scheme with autonomous phase correction functionality. The on-chip phase measurement is achieved by a set of on-chip LO self-/inter-mixing testing sequences, which eliminates the need for auxiliary test tones. As a design example, a 2-to-6GHz quadrature phase synthesis system in a 65nm CMOS is demonstrated. The phase self-healing scheme achieves an RMS phase error of less than 0.6\u00b0 and a full 360\u00b0 interpolation within the entire band.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2011.5940673", "isbn": "978-1-4244-8292-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-06" }, { "id": "authors:cmqp4-pm554", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "cmqp4-pm554", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170302-124725518", "type": "book_section", "title": "Distributed active radiation for THz signal generation", "book_title": "2011 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "In this paper, we introduce the distributed-active-radiator (DAR) structures which consolidate the signal generation, multiplication, filtering, and radiation in a single active electromagnetically coupled structure. As examples of distributed active radiators, we demonstrate 2x1 and 2x2 arrays of DAR structures radiating at 300GHz, which achieve three orders of magnitude higher total radiated power than previously reported.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2011.5746322", "isbn": "978-1-61284-302-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-02", "pages": "288-289" }, { "id": "authors:jhbs0-rrt18", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jhbs0-rrt18", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170308-153526291", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 12.5+12.5Gb/s full-duplex plastic waveguide interconnect", "book_title": "2011 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Fukuda", "given_name": "Satoshi", "clpid": "Fukuda-Satoshi" }, { "family_name": "Hino", "given_name": "Yasufumi", "clpid": "Hino-Yasufumi" }, { "family_name": "Ohashi", "given_name": "Sho", "clpid": "Ohashi-Sho" }, { "family_name": "Takeda", "given_name": "Takahiro", "clpid": "Takeda-Takahiro" }, { "family_name": "Shinke", "given_name": "Satoru", "clpid": "Shinke-Satoru" }, { "family_name": "Uno", "given_name": "Masahiro", "clpid": "Uno-Masahiro" }, { "family_name": "Komori", "given_name": "Kenji", "clpid": "Komori-Kenji" }, { "family_name": "Akiyama", "given_name": "Yoshiyuki", "clpid": "Akiyama-Yoshiyuki" }, { "family_name": "Kawasaki", "given_name": "Kenichi", "clpid": "Kawasaki-Kenichi" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a 12.5+12.5Gb/s full-duplex plastic waveguide interconnect solution based on millimeter-wave signal transmission. The plastic waveguide is simply a long solid piece of plastic that provides a very simple, versatile, flexible, and low-cost transmission medium that has the main advantages of optical fiber in isolation and bandwidth, without the need for costly EO and OE. The dielectric waveguide does not need to be connected electrically like the wire or aligned to micron-level accuracy like optical fibers. It can be bent and twisted without significant impact on the signal. Compared to the wireless link discussed earlier, it offers additional signal isolation and confinement. Thus, it can be extended over much longer distances due to the low attenuation in the waveguide (as opposed to free space) and multiple independent lines can be run in parallel to increase the bandwidth. In our proposed plastic waveguide link, the TXs and RXs are fully integrated in CMOS, and the waveguide couplers can be fabricated in a conventional resin package without additional cost. In our existing setting there are a transmitter and a receiver operating at different carrier frequencies on each side of the waveguide, making it possible to realize a full-duplex solution. Because of the smaller fractional bandwidth for the millimeter-wave transmission, no equalization circuit is required.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2011.5746259", "isbn": "978-1-61284-302-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2011-02", "pages": "150-152" }, { "id": "authors:xxaz1-zhy17", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "xxaz1-zhy17", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141202-153053675", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design of a Frequency Shift Based CMOS Magnetic Sensor Array for Point-of-Care (PoC) Biomolecular Diagnosis Applications", "book_title": "Integrated Microsystems", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Iniewski", "given_name": "Krzysztof", "clpid": "Iniewski-K" } ], "abstract": "Future point-of-care (PoC) molecular-level diagnostic systems require advanced biosensors that can offer high sensitivity, ultra-portability, and a low price-tag. Targeting on-site detection of biomolecules, such as DNAs, RNAs, or proteins, this type of systems is believed to play a crucial role in a variety of emerging applications such as in-field medical diagnostics, epidemic disease control, and biohazard detection.", "isbn": "978-1-4398-3620-0", "publisher": "CRC Press", "publication_date": "2011", "pages": "109-132" }, { "id": "authors:7tsxk-ett66", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7tsxk-ett66", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110401-112525230", "type": "book_section", "title": "Passively Controllable Smart Antennas", "book_title": "2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lavaei", "given_name": "Javad", "clpid": "Lavaei-J" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Doyle", "given_name": "John C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1828-2486", "clpid": "Doyle-J-C" } ], "abstract": "We recently introduced passively controllable smart (PCS) antenna systems for efficient wireless transmission, with direct applications in wireless sensor networks. A PCS antenna system is accompanied by a tunable passive controller whose adjustment at every signal transmission generates a specific radiation pattern. To reduce co-channel interference and optimize the transmitted power, this antenna can be programmed to transmit data in a desired direction in such a way that no signal is transmitted (to the far field) at pre-specified undesired directions. The controller of a PCS antenna was assumed to be centralized in our previous work, which was an impediment to its implementation. In this work, we study the design of PCS antenna systems under decentralized controllers, which are both practically implementable and cost efficient. The PCS antenna proposed here is made of one active element and its programming needs solving second-order-cone optimizations. These properties differentiate a PCS antenna from the existing smart antennas, and make it possible to implement a PCS antenna on a small-sized, low-power silicon chip.", "doi": "10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5684358", "isbn": "978-1-4244-5638-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2010-12", "pages": "1-6" }, { "id": "authors:q501w-x0359", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "q501w-x0359", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170313-172430381", "type": "book_section", "title": "A frequency-shift based CMOS magnetic biosensor with spatially uniform sensor transducer gain", "book_title": "IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2010", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a scalable and ultrasensitive magnetic biosensing scheme based on on-chip LC resonance frequency-shifting. The sensor transducer gain is demonstrated as being location-dependent on the sensing surface and proportional to the local polarization magnetic field strength |B|^2 generated by the sensing inductor. To improve the gain uniformity, a bowl-shape stacked coil together with floating shimming metal is proposed for the inductor design. As an implementation example, a 16-cell sensor array is designed in a 45nm CMOS process. The spatially uniform sensor gain of the array is verified by testing micron-size magnetic particles randomly placed on the sensing surface. The Correlated-Double-Counting (CDC) noise cancellation scheme is also implemented in the presented design, which achieves a noise suppression of 10.6dB with no power overhead. Overall, the presented sensor demonstrates a dynamic range of at least 85.4dB.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2010.5617603", "isbn": "978-1-4244-5760-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2010-09" }, { "id": "authors:6183c-cnh29", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "6183c-cnh29", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110412-144235909", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Study of Near-Field Direct Antenna Modulation Systems Using Convex Optimization", "book_title": "2010 American Control Conference (ACC)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lavaei", "given_name": "Javad", "clpid": "Lavaei-J" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Doyle", "given_name": "John C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1828-2486", "clpid": "Doyle-J-C" } ], "abstract": "This paper studies the constellation diagram design\nfor a class of communication systems known as near-field\ndirect antenna modulation (NFDAM) systems. The modulation\nis carried out in a NFDAM system by means of a control\nunit that switches among a number of pre-designed passive\ncontrollers such that each controller generates a desired voltage\nsignal at the far field. To find an optimal number of signals\nthat can be transmitted and demodulated reliably in a NFDAM\nsystem, the coverage area of the signal at the far field should\nbe identified. It is shown that this coverage area is a planar\nconvex region in general and simply a circle in the case when no\nconstraints are imposed on the input impedance of the antenna\nand the voltage received at the far field. A convex optimization\nmethod is then proposed to find a polygon that is able to approximate\nthe coverage area of the signal constellation diagram\nsatisfactorily. A similar analysis is provided for the identification\nof the coverage area of the antenna input impedance, which is\nbeneficial for designing an energy-efficient NFDAM system.", "isbn": "978-1-4244-7426-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2010-07", "pages": "1065-1072" }, { "id": "authors:s9d06-19g39", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "s9d06-19g39", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110413-133914587", "type": "book_section", "title": "An ultrasensitive CMOS magnetic biosensor array with correlated double counting noise suppression", "book_title": "2010 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Kosai", "given_name": "Shohei", "clpid": "Kosai-Shohei" }, { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a scalable and ultrasensitive\nfrequency-shift magnetic biosensing array scheme. The\ntheoretical limit of the sensor noise floor is shown to be\ndominated by the phase noise of the sensing oscillators. To\nincrease the sensitivity, a noise suppression technique, Correlated Double Counting (CDC), is proposed with no power overhead. As an implementation example, a 64-cell sensor array is designed in a standard 65nm CMOS process. The CDC scheme achieves an additional 6dB noise suppression. The magnetic sensing capability of the presented sensor is verified by detecting micron size magnetic particles with an SNR of 14.6dB for a single bead and an effective dynamic range of at least 74.5dB.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2010.5514719", "isbn": "978-1-4244-7732-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2010-05", "pages": "616-619" }, { "id": "authors:1cc7h-5aw87", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "1cc7h-5aw87", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110413-085620030", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Compact Self-similar Power Combining Topology", "book_title": "2010 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Sengupta", "given_name": "Kaushik", "clpid": "Sengupta-K" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A compact, modular 16-way combiner is presented\nwhich is based on a self-similar combiner topology. The combiner\nachieves a simulated passive efficiency of 38% at 77 GHz in a\nstandard 90nm process with 1.49 \u00b5m thick AI top metal. A 77\nGHz power amplifier is built based on the combiner, combining\nthe output power of 16 stages to achieve a P_(sat) of 11.4dBm, small\nsignal gain of 9.4dB, and a 3dB bandwidth of more than 11 GHz\non a 0.7V supply, with the optimal MAG for the technology\nbeing approximately 5dB at 77 GHz. The power amplifier is\nunconditionally stable with the K factor exceeding 3.8 between\n50-90 GHz. The entire architecture is based on a modular power\nsplitting and combining network that makes the design flexible\nand scalable. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is\nthe highest P_(sat) reported at 77 GHz in CMOS with a sub 1V\nquiescent V_(ds).", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2010.5516963", "isbn": "978-1-4244-7732-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2010-05", "pages": "244-247" }, { "id": "authors:60fk2-g0f37", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "60fk2-g0f37", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110310-094654711", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Frequency-Shift based CMOS Magnetic Biosensor\n with Spatially Uniform Sensor Transducer Gain", "book_title": "2010 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Sideris", "given_name": "Constantine", "orcid": "0000-0002-3042-4889", "clpid": "Sideris-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a scalable and ultrasensitive magnetic biosensing scheme based on on-chip LC resonance frequency-shifting. The sensor transducer gain is demonstrated as being location-dependent on the sensing surface and proportional to the local polarization magnetic field strength |B|^2 generated by the sensing inductor. To improve the gain uniformity, a bowl-shape stacked coil together with floating shimming metal is proposed for the inductor design. As an implementation example, a 16-cell sensor array is designed in a 45nm CMOS process. The spatially uniform sensor gain of the array is verified by testing micron-size magnetic particles randomly placed on the sensing surface. The Correlated-Double-Counting (CDC) noise cancellation scheme is also implemented in the presented design, which achieves a noise suppression of 10.6dB with no power overhead. Overall, the presented sensor demonstrates a dynamic range of at least 85.4dB.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2010.5617603", "isbn": "978-1-4244-5760-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "New York, NY", "publication_date": "2010", "pages": "1-4" }, { "id": "authors:rc492-bvj94", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "rc492-bvj94", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110425-110624129", "type": "book_section", "title": "Finding globally optimum solutions in antenna optimization problems", "book_title": "2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Lavaei", "given_name": "Javad", "clpid": "Lavaei-J" }, { "family_name": "Doyle", "given_name": "John C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1828-2486", "clpid": "Doyle-J-C" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "During the last decade, the unprecedented increase in the affordable computational power\nhas strongly supported the development of optimization techniques for designing\nantennas. Among these techniques, genetic algorithm [1] and particle swarm optimization\n[2] could be mentioned. Most of these techniques use physical dimensions of an antenna\nas the optimization variables, and require solving Maxwell's equations (numerically) at\neach optimization step. They are usually slow, unable to handle a large number of\nvariables, and incapable of finding the globally optimum solutions. In this paper, we are\nproposing an antenna optimization technique that is orders of magnitude faster than the\nconventional schemes, can handle thousands of variables, and finds the globally optimum\nsolutions for a broad range of antenna optimization problems. In the proposed scheme,\ntermination impedances embedded on an antenna structure are used as the optimization\nvariables. This is particularly useful in designing on-chip smart antennas, where\nthousands of transistors and variable passive elements can be employed to reconfigure an\nantenna. By varying these parasitic impedances, an antenna can vary its gain, band-width,\npattern, and efficiency. The goal of this paper is to provide a systematic, numerically\nefficient approach for finding globally optimum solutions in designing smart antennas.", "doi": "10.1109/APS.2010.5561993", "isbn": "978-1-4244-4967-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2010", "pages": "1-4" }, { "id": "authors:q33kb-jc739", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "q33kb-jc739", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110331-111458690", "type": "book_section", "title": "A rail-to-rail input receiver employing successive regeneration and adaptive cancellation of intermodulation products", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Keehr", "given_name": "Edward A.", "clpid": "Keehr-E-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A direct conversion receiver is demonstrated\nwhich operates in the presence of a rail-to-rail (+12.4dBm)\nout-of-band blocker and a -16.3dBm blocker, where the ICP1\nis +12.5dBm and the uncorrected extrapolated IIP3 is\n+33.5dBm. IM distortion is adaptively cancelled via\nfeedforward loops which are digitally expanded to reproduce\nhigher order nonlinear reference terms. Cancellation\nimproves input-referred total IM distortion by over 24dB,\nresulting in an extrapolated IIP3 of +45.3dBm.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2010.5477407", "isbn": "978-1-4244-6241-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2010", "pages": "47-50" }, { "id": "authors:bt1fs-08y55", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "bt1fs-08y55", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190226-085922106", "type": "book_section", "title": "Solving large-scale linear circuit problems via convex optimization", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 48h IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) held jointly with 2009 28th Chinese Control Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lavaei", "given_name": "Javad", "clpid": "Lavaei-J" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Doyle", "given_name": "John C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1828-2486", "clpid": "Doyle-J-C" } ], "abstract": "A broad class of problems in circuits, electromagnetics, and optics can be expressed as finding some parameters of a linear system with a specific type. This paper is concerned with studying this type of circuit using the available control techniques. It is shown that the underlying problem can be recast as a rank minimization problem that is NP-hard in general. In order to circumvent this difficulty, the circuit problem is slightly modified so that the resulting optimization becomes convex. This interesting result is achieved at the cost of complicating the structure of the circuit, which introduces a trade-off between the design simplicity and the implementation complexity. When it is strictly required to solve the original circuit problem, the elegant structure of the proposed rank minimization problem allows for employing a celebrated heuristic method to solve it efficiently.", "doi": "10.1109/cdc.2009.5400690", "isbn": "978-1-4244-3872-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2009-12", "pages": "4977-4984" }, { "id": "authors:vsjam-mz969", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "vsjam-mz969", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170329-154122508", "type": "book_section", "title": "A compact low-noise weighted distributed amplifier in CMOS", "book_title": "2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Yu-Jiu", "clpid": "Wang-Yu-Jiu" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "The noise figure (NF) of a front-end low-noise amplifier (LNA) places a lower bound on the sensitivity of a receiver. In a conventional LNA, there is a tradeoff between the intrinsic input capacitance of the input transistors and the achievable bandwidth (BW) of the amplifier. This makes it necessary to use smaller transistors at higher gate overdrive voltages to simultaneously achieve greater BW and better NF. Unfortunately, biasing the transistor in this fashion yields a power-inefficient design. Furthermore, the need for a smaller capacitance presents a challenge to electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection of the input due to its added capacitance.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2009.4977387", "isbn": "978-1-4244-3458-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2009-02", "pages": "220-221" }, { "id": "authors:n9xvh-5e098", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "n9xvh-5e098", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100707-095505835", "type": "book_section", "title": "An Octave-Range Watt-Level Fully Integrated CMOS Switching Power Mixer Array for Linearization and Back-Off Efficiency Improvement", "book_title": "IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers, 2009. ISSCC 2009.", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kousai", "given_name": "Shouhei", "clpid": "Kousai-S" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "In this paper, a wideband watt-level fully-integrated CMOS power amplifier (PA) for non-constant modulation been demonstrated. The output currents of sixteen power mixer cores are combined at their drains, where the non-constant envelope RF signal is regenerated.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2009.4977465", "isbn": "978-1-4244-3458-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2009-02", "pages": "376-378" }, { "id": "authors:kedc2-jtg57", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "kedc2-jtg57", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100611-153236105", "type": "book_section", "title": "The Future of High Frequency Circuit Design", "book_title": "ESSCIRC 2009 : Proceedings of the 35th European Solid-State Circuits Conference, Athens, Greece, 14-18 September 2009", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "The cut-off wavelengths of integrated silicon transistors have\nexceeded the die sizes of the chips being fabricated with them.\nCombined with the ability to integrate billions of transistors on\nthe same die, this size-wavelength cross-over has produced a\nunique opportunity for a completely new class of holistic circuit\ndesign combining electromagnetics, device physics, circuits, and\ncommunication system theory in one place. In this paper, we discuss\nsome of these opportunities and their associated challenges\nin greater detail and provide a few of examples of how they can\nbe used in practice.", "doi": "10.1109/ESSCIRC.2009.5325926", "isbn": "978-1-4244-4355-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2009", "pages": "45-52" }, { "id": "authors:vym7a-b3z76", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "vym7a-b3z76", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100615-093255945", "type": "book_section", "title": "Near-Field Direct Antenna Modulation (NFDAM) transmitter at 2.4GHz", "book_title": "Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2009", "author": [ { "family_name": "Chang", "given_name": "Arthur H.", "clpid": "Chang-A-H" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A near-field direct antenna modulation (NFDAM) transmitter at 2.4GHz is demonstrated on a microstrip setting. The transmitter is capable of transmitting information in a direction-dependent fashion by sending the correct signal constellation only in the desired direction while leaving the signal constellation points scrambled in undesired directions. This direction-dependent constellation scrambling nature of the NFDAM systems prevents undesired receivers to correctly demodulate the signal transmitted to a desired receiver at a specific direction.", "doi": "10.1109/APS.2009.5171550", "isbn": "978-1-4244-3646-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2009", "pages": "1980-1983" }, { "id": "authors:z0462-av716", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "z0462-av716", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170404-163909751", "type": "book_section", "title": "Digitally-Assisted Linearization of Wideband Direct Conversion Receivers", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 3rd European Microwave Integrated Circuit Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Keehr", "given_name": "Edward A.", "clpid": "Keehr-E-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A SAW-less direct-conversion receiver is presented which utilizes a mixed-signal feedforward path to regenerate and equalize IM3 products, thus accomplishing system-level linearization. The receiver system performance is dominated by a custom integrated front end realized in 130nm CMOS and achieves an uncorrected out-of-band IIP3 of -7.1dBm under the worst-case UMTS FDD Region 1 blocking specifications. IM3 equalization results in an effective IIP3 of +5.3dBm and reduces total input-referred error by over 23dB.", "doi": "10.1109/EMICC.2008.4772253", "isbn": "978-2-87487-007-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-10", "pages": "159-162" }, { "id": "authors:r9vds-01696", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "r9vds-01696", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100512-105740056", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fully Integrated Frequency and Phase Generation for a 6-18GHz Tunable Multi-Band Phased-Array Receiver in CMOS", "book_title": "Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, 2008", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Natarajan", "given_name": "Arun S.", "clpid": "Natarajan-A-S" }, { "family_name": "Jeon", "given_name": "Sanggeun", "clpid": "Jeon-Sanggeun" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Fully integrated frequency-phase generators\nfor a 6-18GHz wide-band phased-array receiver element are\npresented that generate 5-7GHz and 9-12GHz first LO\nsignals with less than -95dBc/Hz phase noise at 100kHz\noffset. Second LO signals with digitally controllable fourquadrant phase- and amplitude spread with better than 3\u00b0\nresolution are generated and allow removal of systematic\nreference clock skew as well as accurate selection of the\nreceived signal phase. This frequency- and phase generation\nscheme was successfully demonstrated in a 6-18GHz receiver\nsystem configured as an electrical 4-element array.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2008.4561472", "isbn": "978-1-4244-1808-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2008-07-15", "pages": "439-442" }, { "id": "authors:ge4ns-hkc84", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ge4ns-hkc84", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100623-113521881", "type": "book_section", "title": "(Invited) mm-wave silicon ICs: An opportunity for holistic design", "book_title": "2008 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Millimeter-waves integrated circuits offer a unique opportunity for a holistic design approach encompassing RF, analog, and digital, as well as radiation and electromagnetics. The ability to deal with the complete system from the digital circuitry to on-chip antennas and everything in between offers unparalleled opportunities for completely new architectures and topologies, previously impossible due the traditional partitioning of various blocks in conventional design. This opens a plethora of new architectural and system level innovation within the integrated circuit platform. This paper reviews some of the challenges and opportunities for mm-wave ICs and presents several solutions to them.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2008.4561453", "isbn": "978-1-4244-1808-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2008-07", "pages": "357-360" }, { "id": "authors:ytbta-gfp83", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ytbta-gfp83", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170405-171251898", "type": "book_section", "title": "A tunable concurrent 6-to-18 GHz phased-array system in CMOS", "book_title": "2008 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Jeon", "given_name": "Sanggeun", "clpid": "Jeon-Sanggeun" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Yu-Jiu", "clpid": "Wang-Yu-Jiu" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Natarajan", "given_name": "Arun", "orcid": "0000-0003-3648-3844", "clpid": "Natarajan-A" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a scalable phased-array receiver system that covers a tritave bandwidth of 6-to-18 GHz implemented in a 130nm CMOS process. The single receiver element with a 10-bit phase shifting resolution achieves a maximum phase error of 2.5\u00b0 within a baseband amplitude variation of 1.5dB for an arbitrary target angle. This dense interpolation provides excellent phase error/offset calibration capability in the array. A 4-element electrical array pattern is measured at 6 GHz, 13.5 GHz and 18 GHz, showing a worst case peak-to-null ratio of 21.5dB. The EVM and phase noise improvements of the array compared with the single receiver element are also shown.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2008.4632925", "isbn": "978-1-4244-1780-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-06", "pages": "687-690" }, { "id": "authors:9w5f8-geq18", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "9w5f8-geq18", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170418-173743211", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Scalable 6-to-18GHz Concurrent Dual-Band Quad-Beam Phased-Array Receiver in CMOS", "book_title": "2008 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Jeon", "given_name": "Sanggeun", "clpid": "Jeon-Sanggeun" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Yu-Jiu", "clpid": "Wang-Yu-Jiu" }, { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Natarajan", "given_name": "Arun", "orcid": "0000-0003-3648-3844", "clpid": "Natarajan-A" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper describes the general architecture and the signal-path behavior of a CMOS programmable phased-array receiver element that simultaneously operates at two frequencies between 6 and 18GHz (a tritave) while forming four independently controlled beams.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2008.4523119", "isbn": "978-1-4244-2010-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-02", "pages": "186-605" }, { "id": "authors:y9qeg-hr254", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "y9qeg-hr254", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170329-155930785", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Near-Field Modulation Technique Using Antenna Reflector Switching", "book_title": "2008 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Rutledge", "given_name": "David B.", "clpid": "Rutledge-D-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a near-field reflector switching technique that can generate independently controlled modulated signals for sufficiently different angles of radiation. This technique can be used either to transmit different data in different directions simultaneously, or to generate the correct signal constellation only in the desired direction and scrambled ones for other angles, creating a secure communication link. This approach is also conducive to power-efficient switching PAs, even for wideband non-constant envelope modulation schemes, enabling fast and power-efficient transmitter architectures.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2008.4523120", "isbn": "978-1-4244-2010-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-02", "pages": "188-189+605" }, { "id": "authors:7v7jz-vyd97", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7v7jz-vyd97", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170404-173623505", "type": "book_section", "title": "Equalization of IM3 Products in Wideband Direct-Conversion Receivers", "book_title": "2008 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Keehr", "given_name": "Edward", "clpid": "Keehr-E-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "The wideband direct-conversion receiver architecture is proposed in this paper. In order to provide a quantitative design objective, the UMTS standard is targeted. The single-ended-to-differential conversion previously handled by an inter-stage SAW filter is now performed by a balun. The balun is followed by high-P2 MP mixers driven by Cherry-Hooper LO buffers. The MP BB filter is an active-RC 3 rd-order Chebyshev architecture that drives an 8b pipelined ADC with fs=50 MHz. The AP is a scaled-down version of the MP, with the primary difference being the inclusion of an IM3 generator. As scaling reduces the breakdown voltage of CMOS devices and as system integration trends demand the further elimination of off- chip components, there arises a great need to improve the linearity of RF receivers.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2008.4523128", "isbn": "978-1-4244-2010-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-02", "pages": "204-607" }, { "id": "authors:7t670-1eg88", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7t670-1eg88", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100917-135128884", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Spectral-Scanning Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Integrated System", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2007 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hassibi", "given_name": "Arjang", "clpid": "Hassibi-A" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An integrated spectral-scanning magnetic\nresonance imaging (MRI) technique is implemented in a\n0.12\u03bcm SiGe BiCMOS process. This system is designed for\nsmall-scale MRI applications with non-uniform and low\nmagnetic fields. The system is capable of generating\ncustomized magnetic resonance (MR) excitation signals, and\nalso recovering the MR response using a coherent direct\nconversion receiver. The operation frequency is tunable from\nDC to 37MHz for wide-band MRI and up to 250MHz for\nnarrow-band MR spectroscopy.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2007.4405695", "isbn": "978-1-4244-0786-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008-01-21", "pages": "123-126" }, { "id": "authors:0rkxr-2q152", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "0rkxr-2q152", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100723-095124886", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 6-to-18 GHz tunable concurrent dual-band receiver front end for scalable phased arrays in 130nm CMOS", "book_title": "IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, 2008", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Yu-Jiu", "clpid": "Wang-Y-J" }, { "family_name": "Jeon", "given_name": "Sanggeun", "clpid": "Jeon-S" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a study and design of tunable concurrent dual-band receiver. Different system architectures and building blocks have been compared and analyzed. A tunable concurrent dual-band receiver front end has then been fabricated and characterized. It operates across a tri-tave 6-18 GHz bandwidth with a nominal 17-25 dB conversion gain, worst-case -15 dBm IIP3, and worst-case -24.5 dBm ICP 1 dB.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2008.4561450", "isbn": "978-1-4244-1808-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2008", "pages": "343-346" }, { "id": "authors:59h74-t7p46", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "59h74-t7p46", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100910-112239498", "type": "book_section", "title": "mm-Wave Silicon ICs: Challenges and Opportunities", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2007 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Millimeter-waves offer promising opportunities and interesting challenges to silicon integrated circuit and system designers. These challenges go beyond standard circuit design questions and span a broader range of topics including wave propagation, antenna design, and communication channel capacity limits. It is only meaningful to evaluate the benefits and shortcoming of silicon-based mm-wave integrated circuits in this broader context. This paper reviews some of these issues and presents several solutions to them.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2007.4405837", "isbn": "978-1-4244-0786-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2007-09", "pages": "741-747" }, { "id": "authors:50d8c-p4g50", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "50d8c-p4g50", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170419-140611625", "type": "book_section", "title": "mm-wave phased arrays in silicon with integrated antennas", "book_title": "2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Rutledge", "given_name": "D. B.", "clpid": "Rutledge-D-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This work demonstrates W-band integrated dipole antennas and a four channel phased transceiver implemented in IBM 130 nm silicon germanium BiCMOS process. The chip includes the complete receiver, transmitter, signal generation blocks, phase shifters, and on-chip dipole antennas. A hemispherical silicon lens with diameter of about one inch is also used to remove the substrate modes. Measurement results show a maximum antenna gain of about +8 dB.", "doi": "10.1109/APS.2007.4396510", "isbn": "978-1-4244-0877-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2007-06", "pages": "4369-4372" }, { "id": "authors:2db4p-t4m59", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2db4p-t4m59", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101029-143100560", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Wideband CMOS Linear Digital Phase Rotator", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2007 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wang", "given_name": "Hua", "clpid": "Wang-Hua" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a 10-bit wideband Cartesian phase\nrotator with a novel linear digital VGA implemented in a 0.13um\nCMOS process. The VGA topology is robust to device modeling\nuncertainties and PVT variations. The system provides 7.8dB\nvoltage gain with -3dB bandwidth of 7.6GHz. A maximum phase\nerror of 2\u00ba has been achieved for a phase shifting range of\n360\u00ba with 32 phase steps of 11.25\u00ba. The capability to\ncompensate for mismatched quadrature inputs is also\ndemonstrated.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2007.4405821", "isbn": "978-1-4244-0786-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2007", "pages": "671-674" }, { "id": "authors:rf9yj-9e969", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "rf9yj-9e969", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-112821542", "type": "book_section", "title": "Quadrature Subharmonic Coupled Oscillators for a 60GHz SiGe Scalable Phased Array", "book_title": "IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest 2006", "author": [ { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James F.", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Babakhani", "given_name": "Aydin", "clpid": "Babakhani-A" }, { "family_name": "Komijani", "given_name": "Abbas", "clpid": "Komijani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper describes an integrated coupled oscillator array in SiGe for millimeter wave applications. The design focuses on scalable radio architectures where multiple dies are tiled to form larger arrays. A 2 x 2 oscillator array for a 60GHz transmitter is designed with integrated power amplifiers and antennas. The 2 x 2 array demonstrates a 200MHz locking range and 1 x 4 array formed by two adjacent chips has a 60MHz locking range. The phase noise of the array is below -110dBc/Hz at a 1MHz offset.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2006.249799", "isbn": "978-0-7803-9541-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2006-06", "pages": "822-825" }, { "id": "authors:7309e-jts86", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7309e-jts86", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HAJcsic05", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fully integrated millimeter-wave CMOS phased arrays", "book_title": "Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium, 2005 (CSIC '05)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A decade ago, RF CMOS, even at low gigahertz frequencies, was considered an oxymoron by all but the most ambitious and\noptimistic. Today, it is a dominating force in most commercial wireless applications (e.g., cellular, WLAN, GPS, BlueTooth, etc.) and has proliferated into areas such as watt level power amplifiers (PA) [1] that have been the undisputed realm of compound semiconductors. \n\nThis seemingly ubiquitous embracement of silicon and particularly CMOS is no accident. It stems from the reliable nature of silicon process technologies that make it possible to integrated hundreds of millions of transistors on a single chip without a single device failure, as evident in today's microprocessors. Applied to microwave and millimeter wave applications, silicon opens the door for a plethora of new topologies, architectures, and applications. This rapid adoption of silicon is further facilitated by one's ability to integrate a great deal of in situ digital signal processing and calibration [2]. \n\nIntegration of high-frequency phased-array systems in silicon (e.g., CMOS) promises a future of low-cost radar and gigabit-per-second wireless communication networks. In communication applications, phased array provides an improved signal-to-noise ratio via formation of a beam and reduced interference generation for other users. The practically unlimited number of active and passive devices available on a silicon chip and their extremely tight control and excellent repeatability enable new architectures (e.g., [3]) that are not practical in compound semiconductor module-based approaches. \n\nThe feasibility of such approaches can be seen through the discussion of an integrated 24GHz 4-element phased-array transmitter in 0.18\u03bcm CMOS [2], capable of beam forming and rapid beam steering for radar applications. On-chip power amplifiers (PA), with integrated 50\u03a9 output matching, make this a fully-integrated transmitter. This CMOS transmitter and the 8-element phased-array SiGe receiver in [5], demonstrate the feasibility of 24GHz phased-array systems in silicon-based processes.", "doi": "10.1109/CSICS.2005.1531752", "isbn": "0-7803-9250-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Los Alamitos, CA", "publication_date": "2006-01-30", "pages": "45-48" }, { "id": "authors:njykm-a7s82", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "njykm-a7s82", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100423-142111516", "type": "book_section", "title": "Characterization of a Radiation-Pressure-Driven Micromechanical Oscillator", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hossein-Zadeh", "given_name": "Mani", "clpid": "Hossein-Zadeh-M" }, { "family_name": "Rokhsari", "given_name": "Hossein", "clpid": "Rokhsari-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Vahala", "given_name": "Kerry", "orcid": "0000-0003-1783-1380", "clpid": "Vahala-K-J" } ], "abstract": "We present results of an experimental study of the\noscillation frequency, linewidth, RF-spectrum and the phase\nnoise of a radiation-pressure-driven optomechanical oscillator in\na microtoroidal geometry. Through this study we identify the\ncritical parameters that can be used for tailoring the desired\ncharacteristics of this device.", "doi": "10.1109/FREQ.2006.275419", "isbn": "978-1-4244-0073-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2006", "pages": "405-408" }, { "id": "authors:s676n-0kq86", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "s676n-0kq86", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110819-071747535", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Wideband 77GHz, 17.5dBm Power Amplifier in Silicon", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2005 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Komijani", "given_name": "Abbas", "clpid": "Komijani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 77GHz, +17.5dBm fully-integrated power amplifier (PA) with 50\u03a9 input and output matching is fabricated in a 0.12\u03bcm SiGe BiCMOS process. The power amplifier achieves a peak power gain of 17dB and a maximum single-ended output power of +17.5dBm with 12.8% of power-added efficiency (PAE). It has a 3dB bandwidth of 15GHz and draws 165mA from a 1.8V supply. Microstrip tubs are used as the transmission line structure resulting in large isolation between adjacent lines, enabling integration of the PA in a small area of 0.6mm.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2005.1568732", "isbn": "0-7803-9023-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2005-09", "pages": "571-574" }, { "id": "authors:w2533-37483", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "w2533-37483", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110825-151120289", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Solid-State Atomic Frequency Standard", "book_title": "2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition", "author": [ { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "Christopher J.", "clpid": "White-C-J" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper describes a new class of frequency\nreference. The frequency source uses the same operating\nprinciple as a passive atomic frequency standard; however, the device is entirely solid-state, removing many cost and\nreliability issues associated with gas phase atomic clocks. More specifically, the \"atomic resonance\" is derived from zero-field magnetic resonance transitions of the vanadium ion in magnesium oxide. The characteristics of these resonances will be described in detail. The apparatus for measuring the \"atomic\" resonances uses a microwave resonant cavity and frequency-discriminator circuit. Using integrated circuits, the radio-frequency signal processing functions can be implemented at very low cost in a reliable manufacturing process. We discuss the system design and the measurement sensitivity. The estimated short term stability is in the range of 10^(-8) to 10^(-9) @ 1 s. Advantages of the new frequency reference may include immunity to vibration, reduced aging compared to crystal oscillators, and immediate cold start.", "doi": "10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574061", "isbn": "0-7803-9052-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2005-08", "pages": "940-946" }, { "id": "authors:6n2th-b1m39", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "6n2th-b1m39", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ANAmttsims05", "type": "book_section", "title": "Estimating data-dependent jitter of a general LTI system from step response", "book_title": "2005 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest", "author": [ { "family_name": "Analui", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Analui-B" }, { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James", "orcid": "0000-0002-9390-0897", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "We present a method for estimating data dependent jitter (DDJ) introduced by a general LTI system, based on the system's step response. A perturbation technique is used to generalize the analytical expression for DDJ. Different scales of DDJ are defined that characterize the probability distribution of jitter. In particular, we identify a dominant prior bit that signifies the well-known distribution of DDJ, the two impulse functions. We also highlight that system bandwidth is not a complete measure for predicting DDJ. We verify our generalized analytical expression of DDJ experimentally and show that estimation errors are less than 7.5%.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2005.1517087", "isbn": "0780388453", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2005-06-12", "pages": "1841-1844" }, { "id": "authors:54za1-6ag81", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "54za1-6ag81", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110825-080937821", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 24 GHz Phased-Array Transmitter in 0.18\u00b5m CMOS", "book_title": "42nd Design Automation Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Natarajan", "given_name": "Arun", "orcid": "0000-0003-3648-3844", "clpid": "Natarajan-A" }, { "family_name": "Komijani", "given_name": "Abbas", "clpid": "Komijani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A fully-integrated 4-element phased array transmitter at 24 GHz with on-chip PAs is demonstrated in 0.18 \u00b5m CMOS. It has a beam-forming resolution of 10 degrees, a peak-to-null ratio of 23 dB, and 28 dB isolation between paths. Each PA can deliver up to +14 dBm into 50 \u03a9 in saturation. The die size is 6.8mm x 2.1mm. The transmitter bandwidth is more than 400MHz and supports up to 1 Gbit/s QPSK, facilitating a Gigabit wireless LAN solution.", "doi": "10.1109/DAC.2005.193871", "isbn": "1-59593-058-2", "publisher": "Association for Computing Machinery", "place_of_publication": "New York, NY", "publication_date": "2005-06", "pages": "551-552" }, { "id": "authors:2zqrh-k2g27", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2zqrh-k2g27", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110817-114618470", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fully Integrated RF CMOS Power Amplifiers - A Prelude to FulI Radio Integration", "book_title": "2005 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A fully integrated radio on a chip offers innumerable advantages and several challenges. We discuss some of these opportunities and challenges for a fully-integrated CMOS PA and see how the distributed active transformer (DAT) technology can overcome them.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2005.1489837", "isbn": "0-7803-8983-2", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2005-06", "pages": "439-442" }, { "id": "authors:a09wf-vew30", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "a09wf-vew30", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ANAisscc05", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 10Gb/s eye-opening monitor in 0.13\u03bcm CMOS", "book_title": "IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC '05. San Francisco, CA", "author": [ { "family_name": "Analui", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Analui-B" }, { "family_name": "Rylyakov", "given_name": "Alexander", "clpid": "Rylyakov-A" }, { "family_name": "Rylov", "given_name": "Sergey", "clpid": "Rylov-S" }, { "family_name": "Meghelli", "given_name": "Mounir", "clpid": "Meghelli-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An eye-opening monitor circuit in 0.13 \u03bcm CMOS operates from 1 to 12.5Gbit/s at 1.2V supply. It maps the input eye to a 2D error diagram with 68dB mask error dynamic range. Left and right halt of the eye are monitored separately to capture asymmetric eyes. Tested input amplitude is from 50 to 400mV. The chip consumes 330mW and works at 10Gb/s with a supply voltage as low as 1V.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2005.1494004", "isbn": "0780389042", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2005-02-01", "pages": "332-333 + 602" }, { "id": "authors:sx1qm-c8571", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "sx1qm-c8571", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110517-090627598", "type": "book_section", "title": "Crosstalk-induced jitter equalization", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2005 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A novel jitter equalization circuit is presented that addresses crosstalk-induced jitter in high-speed communication links. A simplified model of electromagnetic coupling demonstrates the generation of crosstalk-induced jitter. This model suggests an equalizer that compensates for the data-induced electromagnetic coupling between adjacent links. Additionally, a data-dependent jitter equalizer that provides separate adjustments of rising and falling edge deviations is presented. The circuits are implemented using 130 nm MOSFETs and operate at 5-10Gb/s. The results demonstrate reduced deterministic jitter and lower bit-error rate. At 10Gb/s, the crosstalk-induced jitter equalizer opens the eye at BER of 10^(-12) from 17ps to 45ps.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2005.1568692", "isbn": "0-7803-9023-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2005", "pages": "409-412" }, { "id": "authors:20wrx-ycr38", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "20wrx-ycr38", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BUCcicc04", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 10Gb/s data-dependent jitter equalizer", "book_title": "IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, 2004, Orlando, FL, 3-6 October 2004", "author": [ { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "An equalization circuit is presented that reduces data-dependent jitter by aligning data transition deviations. This paper presents an analytic solution to data-dependent jitter and demonstrates its impact on the phase noise of the recovered clock. A data-dependent jitter equalizer is presented that compensates for impairment of the channel and lowers the phase noise of the recovered clock. The circuit is implemented in a SiGe BiCMOS process and operates at 10 Gb/s. It suppresses phase noise resulting from data-dependent jitter by 10 dB.", "isbn": "0-7803-8495-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-11-22", "pages": "39-42" }, { "id": "authors:j4wr4-zpv17", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "j4wr4-zpv17", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BUCmttsims04", "type": "book_section", "title": "Data-dependent jitter and crosstalk-induced bounded uncorrelated jitter in copper interconnects", "book_title": "IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2004", "author": [ { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Analui", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Analui-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper resolves the jitter impairment of non-return-to-zero data in transmission lines. The limited bandwidth of the transmission line introduces data-dependent jitter. Crosstalk between neighbouring lines results in bounded uncorrelated jitter in the data eye. An analytical approach to representing data-dependent jitter and crosstalk-induced bounded uncorrelated jitter is presented. Comparison with jitter measurements of microstrip lines on FR4 board demonstrated accuracy to within 15% of the predictions for deterministic jitter.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338895", "isbn": "0-7803-8331-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Los Alamitos, CA", "publication_date": "2004-10-08", "pages": "1627-1630" }, { "id": "authors:jqfsx-98w27", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jqfsx-98w27", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111014-080912895", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 24GHz, +14.5dBm Fully-Integrated Power Amplifier in 0.18\u00b5m CMOS", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2004 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Komijani", "given_name": "Abbas", "clpid": "Komijani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 24 GHz, +14.5 dBm fully-integrated power amplifier with 50 \u03a9 input and output matching is fabricated using 0.18 \u03bcm CMOS transistors. To enable this, a shielded-substrate coplanar waveguide transmission line structure is used to achieve low loss and small area. The power amplifier achieves a power gain of 7 dB and a maximum single-ended output power of +14.5 dBm with a 3 dB bandwidth of 3.1 GHz, while drawing 100 mA from a 2.8 V supply. The chip area is 1.26 mm^2.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2004.1358884", "isbn": "0-7803-8495-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-10", "pages": "561-564" }, { "id": "authors:7ygx6-aev32", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "7ygx6-aev32", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110818-085428330", "type": "book_section", "title": "A breakdown voltage doubler for high voltage swing drivers", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2004 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Mandegaran", "given_name": "Sam", "clpid": "Mandegaran-S" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A novel breakdown voltage (BV) doubler is introduced that makes it possible to generate high output voltage swings using transistors with low breakdown voltages. The timing analysis of the stage is used to optimize its dynamic response. A 10Gb/s optical modulator driver with a differential output voltage swing of 8V on a 50\u03a9 load was implemented in a SiGe BiCMOS process. It uses the BV-doubler topology to achieve output swings twice the collector-emitter breakdown voltage without stressing any single transistor.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2004.1358747", "isbn": "0-7803-8495-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-10", "pages": "103-106" }, { "id": "authors:t9h3d-7vs21", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "t9h3d-7vs21", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:APAissccc04", "type": "book_section", "title": "Circular-geometry oscillators", "book_title": "IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, ISSCC 2004.,", "author": [ { "family_name": "Aparicio", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Aparicio-R" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "5.3GHz 0.18\u03bcm CMOS circular-geometry oscillator exploits high Q of slab inductors. The oscillator draws 10mA from 1.4V with a phase noise of -147.3dBc/Hz at 10MHz offset. A second 5.4GHz circular-geometry VCO has a tuning range of 8% with phase noise of -142.2dBc/Hz at 10MHz offset while drawing 12mA from a 1.8V supply.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2004.1332752", "isbn": "0-7803-8267-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-09-13" }, { "id": "authors:558ph-xfk60", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "558ph-xfk60", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110916-101624435", "type": "book_section", "title": "An Active Analog Delay and the Delay Reference Loop", "book_title": "2004 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Buckwalter", "given_name": "James", "clpid": "Buckwalter-J-F" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Deval", "given_name": "Y.", "clpid": "Deval-Y" } ], "abstract": "Wireline signal processing circuits such as transversal equalizers rely on true time delay. An active analog delay stage is proposed that requires a sixteenth of the area of a comparable LC delay line. A delay reference loop is also presented to tune the delay stage against process, voltage, and temperature variations. A reference signal is introduced to tune the delay. The impact of non-idealities must be considered, to understand the relationship between the reference frequency and the locked time delay. A SiGe BiCMOS implementation of the active analog delay stage and delay reference loop is presented that operates to 10 Gb/s.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2004.1320512", "isbn": "0-7803-8333-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2004-06-06", "pages": "17-20" }, { "id": "authors:p8267-e2v04", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "p8267-e2v04", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110823-101014576", "type": "book_section", "title": "Multiple phase generation and distribution for a fully-integrated 24-GHz phased-array receiver in silicon", "book_title": "2004 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Guan", "given_name": "Xiang", "clpid": "Guan-X" }, { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Hossein", "clpid": "Hashemi-H" }, { "family_name": "Komijani", "given_name": "Abbas", "clpid": "Komijani-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Deval", "given_name": "Y.", "clpid": "Deval -Y" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents an on-chip multiphase LO generation and distribution technique used to implement a fully-integrated 24-GHz 8-path phased-array receiver in silicon. Sixteen LO phases are generated by an LC ring oscillator and distributed by a symmetric network to all eight paths. The 8-path array achieves a phase shifting resolution of 22.5\u00b0 and a total array gain of 61dB.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2004.1320580", "isbn": "0-7803-8333-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-06", "pages": "229-232" }, { "id": "authors:es965-3et79", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "es965-3et79", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111013-115154839", "type": "book_section", "title": "Reprogrammable, Wide Tuning Range 1.6GHz CMOS VCO with\n Low Phase Noise Variation", "book_title": "2004 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Papalias", "given_name": "Tamara A.", "clpid": "Papalias-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas T.", "clpid": "Lee-T-T" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Dutton", "given_name": "Robert W.", "clpid": "Dutton-R-W" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas H.", "clpid": "Lee-T-H" } ], "abstract": "Phase noise can vary dramatically over the tying range of a VCO, but the published literature often obscures this fad by reporting phase noise measurements at only a small number of selected turning voltages. It is diffcult to obtain simultaneously a large tuning range, low phase noise, and small phase noise variation, particularly while accommodating manufacturing and packaging tolerances. This work describes the first use of native EPROM devices (available in every standard CMOS technology) and switched reactances to relax these tradeoffs. In addition to permitting post-packaging compensation for manufacturing variations, the inherent reprogrammability of they cells also enables the rapid prototyping and optional\nreconfiguration of RF and mixed-signal systems. This\ntechnology allows the realization of a fully-integrated\noscillator in 0.25\u03bcm CMOS with a phase noise variation of\nunder lOdB (compared with 40dB variation in a conventional\nimplementation) over a 1.25GHz to 1.92GHz (42%) tuning\nrange. The oscillator consumes 23mW from a 3V supply\nwhile exhibiting a phase noise of better than -93dBdHz at\n100kHz offset from a nominal 1.58GHz center frequency.", "doi": "10.1109/RFIC.2004.1320659", "isbn": "0-7803-8333-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2004-06", "pages": "479-482" }, { "id": "authors:ncmch-j3k74", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "ncmch-j3k74", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110920-115356193", "type": "book_section", "title": "A Fully Integrated 24GHz 8-Path Phased-Array Receiver in Silicon", "book_title": "2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Hossein", "clpid": "Hashemi-H" }, { "family_name": "Guan", "given_name": "Xiang", "clpid": "Guan-X" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Fujino", "given_name": "L. C.", "clpid": "Fujino-L-C" } ], "abstract": "A fully integrated 8-channel phased-array receiver at 24 GHz is demonstrated. Each channel achieves a gain of 43 dB, noise figure of 8 dB, and an IIP3 of -11dBm, consuming 29 mA of current from a 2.5 V supply. The 8-channel array has a beam-forming resolution of 22.5\u00b0, a peak-to- ratio of 20 dB (4-bits), a total array gain of 61 dB, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio by 9 dB.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2004.1332758", "isbn": "0-7803-8267-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2004-02", "pages": "390-391" }, { "id": "authors:jx712-nny11", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jx712-nny11", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:WUHcicc03", "type": "book_section", "title": "Differential 4-tap and 7-tap transverse filters in SiGe for 10Gb/s multimode fiber optic link equalization", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2003 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, DoubleTree Hotel, September 21-24, 2003, San Jose, California", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Wu-H" }, { "family_name": "Tierno", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Tierno-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Pepeljugoski", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Pepeljugoski-P" }, { "family_name": "Schaub", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Schaub-J" }, { "family_name": "Gowda", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Gowda-S" }, { "family_name": "Kash", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Kash-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Differential 4-tap and 7-tap transverse filters are designed in a 0.18 \u00b5m SiGe BiCMOS technology for equalization of 10Gb/s multimode fiber optic signals. The 7-tap equalizer reduced the ISI of a 10Gb/s signal received through 300m of 50 \u00b5m noncompliant next generation multimode fiber from 4.2dB to 0.8dB. The circuit dissipates 40mW from a 3.3V supply.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2003.1234257", "isbn": "0-7803-7707-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Los Alamitos, CA", "publication_date": "2003-10-20", "pages": "10.4" }, { "id": "authors:w8npb-1fj62", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "w8npb-1fj62", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111020-133215948", "type": "book_section", "title": "Bringing Optics Inside the Box: Recent Progress and Future Trends", "book_title": "2003 IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings", "author": [ { "family_name": "Kash", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Kash-J" }, { "family_name": "Baks", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Baks-C" }, { "family_name": "Gowda", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Gowda-S" }, { "family_name": "Graham", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Graham-L" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Haymes", "given_name": "C.", "clpid": "Haymes-C" }, { "family_name": "Jewell", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Jewell-J" }, { "family_name": "Kucharski", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Kucharski-D" }, { "family_name": "Kuchta", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Kuchta-D" }, { "family_name": "Kwark", "given_name": "Y.", "clpid": "Kwark-Y" }, { "family_name": "Pepeljugoski", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Pepeljugoski-P" }, { "family_name": "Schaub", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Schaub-J" }, { "family_name": "Schuster", "given_name": "C.", "orcid": "0000-0002-1948-2367", "clpid": "Schuster-C" }, { "family_name": "Tierno", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Tierno-J" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Wu-H" } ], "abstract": "Needs and requirements for optical interconnects in next generation servers are outlined. Related results on equalizing and characterizing high speed multimode links, building and testing parallel 12 \u00d7 10 Gbit/sec transceivers, and highly parallel silicon photodetectors are presented.", "doi": "10.1109/LEOS.2003.1251644", "isbn": "0-7803-7888-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2003-10", "pages": "148-149" }, { "id": "authors:p8rws-53c82", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "p8rws-53c82", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:AFScicc03", "type": "book_section", "title": "Non-linear transmission lines for pulse shaping in silicon", "book_title": "IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC '03)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Afshari", "given_name": "Ehsan", "clpid": "Afshari-E" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Non-linear transmission limes (NLTL) are used for pulse shaping. We developed the theory of pulse propagation through the NLTL. The problem of a wide pulse degenerating into multiple pulses rather than a single pulse is solved by using a novel gradually scaled NLTL. We exploit certain favorable properties of accumulation mode MOS varactors to design an NLTL that can sharpen both rising and falling edges, simultaneously. There is a good agreement among the theory,\nsimulations, and measurements.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2003.1249366", "isbn": "0780378423", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2003-09-01", "pages": "91-94" }, { "id": "authors:1fpe7-dyq57", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "1fpe7-dyq57", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ANAcicc03", "type": "book_section", "title": "Statistical analysis of integrated passive delay lines", "book_title": "IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC 2003)", "author": [ { "family_name": "Analui", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Analui-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Statistical properties of integrated passive LC delay lines are investigated. A new variation using spiral inductors and vertical parallel plate (VPP) capacitors is introduced whose delay is primarily determined by the lateral dimensions, resulting in very accurate and repeatable delays. An MIM-based version of this line is also fabricated for comparison. Additionally, LC delay-based oscillators are implemented to compare the variations in active and passive delay elements. Experimental data is obtained from measurement of 27 and 47 sites on two wafers from two different process runs, respectively. The measurements show 0.6% delay variations for VPP-based delay line compared to 1.0% for its MIM-based counterpart.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2003.1249370", "isbn": "0780378423", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2003-09-01", "pages": "107-110" }, { "id": "authors:dyf8n-sr140", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "dyf8n-sr140", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:AOKrfic03", "type": "book_section", "title": "A fully-integrated 1.8-V, 2.8-W, 1.9-GHz, CMOS power amplifier", "book_title": "IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC 2003) Symposium", "author": [ { "family_name": "Aoki", "given_name": "I.", "clpid": "Aoki-I" }, { "family_name": "Kee", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Kee-S" }, { "family_name": "Rutledge", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Rutledge-D-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Quach", "given_name": "Tina" } ], "abstract": "This paper demonstrated the first 2-stage, 2.8W, 1.8V, 1.9GHz fully-integrated DAT power amplifier with 50\u03a9 input and output matching using 0.18\u03bcm CMOS transistors. It has a small-signal gain of 27dB. The amplifier provides 2.8W of power into a 50\u03a9 load with a PAE of 50%.", "isbn": "0-7803-7694-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2003-06", "pages": "199-202" }, { "id": "authors:2byad-fk373", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "2byad-fk373", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111101-115243350", "type": "book_section", "title": "Multi-Pole Bandwidth Enhancement Technique for Trans-impedance Amplifiers", "book_title": "ESSCIRC 2002", "author": [ { "family_name": "Analui", "given_name": "Behnam", "clpid": "Analui-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Baschirotto", "given_name": "Andrea", "clpid": "Baschirotto-A" }, { "family_name": "Malcovati", "given_name": "Piero", "clpid": "Malcovati-P" } ], "abstract": "A new technique for bandwidth enhancement of amplifiers is developed. Adding several passive networks, which can be designed independently, enables the control of transfer function and frequency response behavior. Parasitic capacitances of cascaded gain stages are isolated from each other and absorbed into passive networks. A simplified design procedure, using well-known filter component values is introduced. To demonstrate the feasibility of the method, a CMOS trans-impedance amplifier is implemented in 0.18\u00b5m BiCMOS technology. It achieves 9.2GHz bandwidth in the presence of 0.5pF photo diode capacitance and a trans-resistance gain of 54dB\u03a9, while drawing 55mA from a 2.5V supply.", "isbn": "8890084790", "publisher": "University of Bologna", "place_of_publication": "Bologna, Italy", "publication_date": "2002-09", "pages": "303-306" }, { "id": "authors:j5bmn-30r91", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "j5bmn-30r91", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111103-080251094", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 24GHz CMOS Front-end", "author": [ { "family_name": "Guan", "given_name": "Xiang", "clpid": "Guan-X" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper reports the first 24GHz 0.18-\u00b5m CMOS front-end. It down-converts an RF input at 24GHz range to an IF of 5GHz range with a power gain of 27.5dB and an overall noise figure of 7.7dB. It achieves an input return loss, S_(11) of -21dB drawing 43mA from a 1.5V supply. The LNA achieves a voltage gain of 22dB and a noise figure of 6dB consuming 16mA of dc current. This performance is achieved through an analysis of the LNA showing that the NF and gain of the common-gate stage scale more gracefully with frequency and hence it is the topology of choice for very high frequency front-ends.", "publisher": "IEEE", "publication_date": "2002-09" }, { "id": "authors:4js4e-9ta51", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4js4e-9ta51", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BOHmttsim02", "type": "book_section", "title": "Demonstration of a switchless Class E/Fodd dual-band power amplifier", "book_title": "IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Seattle, WA, 2-7 June 2002", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bohn", "given_name": "Florian", "clpid": "Bohn-F" }, { "family_name": "Kee", "given_name": "Scott", "clpid": "Kee-S-D" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "contributor": [ { "family_name": "Hamilton", "given_name": "Rob" }, { "family_name": "Chiang", "given_name": "Norman" } ], "abstract": "A 250 W dual-band power amplifier belonging to the Class E/F switching amplifier family is presented. The amplifier operates in the 7 MHz and 10 MHz HAM bands, achieving 16 dB and 15 d B gain with power added efficiencies (PAE) of 92% and 87% in those bands, respectively. It utilizes dual-resonant passive input and output networks to achieve high-efficiency Class E/Fodd operation at both frequencies of operation, allowing the same passive networks to be used for both frequency bands without the use of band-select switches.", "doi": "10.1109/MWSYM.2002.1012170", "isbn": "0-7803-7239-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2002-06", "pages": "1631-1634" }, { "id": "authors:4m4vy-2je30", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "4m4vy-2je30", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111103-085201628", "type": "book_section", "title": "Virtual damping in oscillators", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2002 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Ham", "given_name": "Donhee", "clpid": "Ham-D" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents a new point of view of oscillator noise, bringing transparent insight into phase noise. This work bridges the fundamental physics of noise and existing oscillator phase noise theories and reveals the direct correspondence of phase noise and the Einstein relation. The concept of virtual damping is presented utilizing an ensemble of oscillators as a measure of phase noise. The explanation of the linewidth narrowing through virtual damping results in a clear definition of loaded and unloaded quality factors of an oscillator. The validity of this new approach is verified by excellent experimental agreement.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2002.1012799", "isbn": "0-7803-7250-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2002-05", "pages": "213-216" }, { "id": "authors:qthcc-3zp42", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "qthcc-3zp42", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:APAisscc02", "type": "book_section", "title": "A CMOS differential noise-shifting Colpitts VCO", "book_title": "IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC 2002, San Francisco, CA, 3-7 February 2002", "author": [ { "family_name": "Aparicio", "given_name": "Roberto", "clpid": "Aparicio-R" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 0.35 \u03bcm VCO uses current switching to increase voltage swing, lower phase noise by cyclostationary noise alignment, and improve startup reliability. A CMOS VCO in a 3-metal, 0.35 \u03bcm process has -139 dBc/Hz phase noise at 3 MHz offset from a 1.8 GHz carrier and 30% of continuous tuning using inductors with Q of 6 and 4 mA dc current.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2002.993045", "isbn": "0-7803-7335-9", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2002-02" }, { "id": "authors:zk3ds-yj770", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "zk3ds-yj770", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111117-120951431", "type": "book_section", "title": "Concurrent Dual-Band CMOS Low Noise Amplifiers and Receiver Architectures", "book_title": "2001 Symposium on VLSI Circuits", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hashemi", "given_name": "Hossein", "clpid": "Hashemi-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A new concurrent dual-band receiver architecture is introduced that is capable of simultaneous operation at two different frequency bands. The concurrent operation results in higher bandwidth, lower total power dissipation and less sensitivity to channel variations. The architecture uses a novel concurrent dual-band low noise amplifier (LNA), combined with an elaborate frequency conversion scheme to reject the image bands. A general methodology for the design of concurrent LNAs is provided that makes it possible to achieve simultaneous narrowband gain and matching at multiple frequencies. The methodology is demonstrated by implementing an integrated dual-band concurrent LNA using 0.35 \u03bcm CMOS transistors. The LNA provides narrow-band gain and matching at 2.45 GHz and 5.25 GHz bands, simultaneously. It drains 4 mA of current and achieves voltage gains of 14 dB and 15.5 dB, input return losses of 25 dB and 15 dB, and noise figures of 2.3 dB and 4.5 dB at these two bands, respectively.", "doi": "10.1109/VLSIC.2001.934254", "isbn": "4-89114-014-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2001-06", "pages": "247-250" }, { "id": "authors:m5yxt-bq245", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "m5yxt-bq245", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:AOKcicc01", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 2.4-GHz, 2.2-W, 2-V fully-integrated CMOS circular-geometry active-transformer power amplifier", "book_title": "IEEE Conference on Custom Integrated Circuits (CICC 2001), San Diego, CA, 6-9 May 2001", "author": [ { "family_name": "Aoki", "given_name": "Ichiro", "clpid": "Aoki-I" }, { "family_name": "Kee", "given_name": "Scott D.", "clpid": "Kee-S-D" }, { "family_name": "Rutledge", "given_name": "David", "clpid": "Rutledge-D-B" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 2.4-GHz, 2.2-W, 2-V fully integrated circular geometry power amplifier with 50 \u03a9 input and output matching is fabricated using 2.5V, 0.35 pm CMOS transistors. It can also produce 450mW using a 1V supply. Harmonic suppression is 64dB or better. An on-chip circular-geometry active-transformer is used to combine several push-pull low-voltage amplifiers efficiently to produce a larger output power while maintaining a 50 \u03a9 match. This new on-chip power combining and impedance matching method uses virtual ac grounds and magnetic couplings extensively to eliminate the need for any off-chip component such as wirebonds. It also desensitizes the operation of the amplifier to the inductance of bonding wires and makes the design more reproducible. This new topology makes possible a fully-integrated 2.2W, 2.4GHz, low voltage CMOS power amplifier for the first time.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2001.929723", "isbn": "0-7803-6591-7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2001-05", "pages": "57-60" }, { "id": "authors:85fa7-4bq31", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "85fa7-4bq31", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HUWIsscc01", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 19 GHz 0.5 mW 0.35 \u03bcm CMOS frequency divider with shunt-peaking locking-range enhancement", "book_title": "IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2001. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC. San Francisco, 5-7 February 2001", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Wu-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A frequency divider is an essential building block and one of the major sources of power dissipation in widely-used frequency synthesizers. As the output frequency of the synthesizer increases, the trade-off between the speed and power dissipation of dividers becomes more critical. Narrow-band injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFD) dissipate a fraction of the energy stored in the tank, which is determined by the quality factor, Q, of the resonator, in every cycle. Therefore, they have fundamentally lower power dissipation than wide-band dividers. Due to their narrow-band nature, ILFDs work in a limited frequency range (locking range). In this paper, shunt-peaking is used as an approach to increase the locking range and lower the power dissipation at higher frequencies.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.2001.912698", "isbn": "0-7803-6608-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2001-02", "pages": "412-413, 471" }, { "id": "authors:mehst-6sc27", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "mehst-6sc27", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111117-115945405", "type": "book_section", "title": "Noise in Phase-Locked Loops [Invited]", "book_title": "2001 Southwest Symposium on Mixed Signal Design", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Jitter and phase noise properties of phase-locked loops (PLL) are analyzed, identifying various forms of jitter and phase noise in PLLs. The effects of different building blocks on the jitter and phase noise performance of PLLs are demonstrated through a parallel analytical and graphical treatment of noise evolution in the phase-locked loop.", "doi": "10.1109/SSMSD.2001.914927", "isbn": "0-7803-6742-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2001-02", "pages": "1-6" }, { "id": "authors:et33s-jpe50", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "et33s-jpe50", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:APAcicc01", "type": "book_section", "title": "Capacity limits and matching properties of lateral flux integrated capacitors", "book_title": "Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC '01), San Diego, CA, 6-9 May 2001", "author": [ { "family_name": "Aparicio", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Aparicio-R" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "Theoretical limits for the capacitance density of lateral flux and quasi-fractal capacitors are calculated. These limits are used to investigate the efficiency of various capacitive structures such as lateral flux and quasi-fractal structures. This study leads to two new capacitor structures with high lateral field efficiency. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate higher capacity and superior matching properties compared to the standard horizontal parallel plate and previously reported lateral-field capacitors.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2001.929803", "isbn": "0 7803 6591 7", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2001", "pages": "365-368" }, { "id": "authors:gxcnr-93n40", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "gxcnr-93n40", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111205-084201864", "type": "book_section", "title": "Analysis and Design of Silicon Bipolar Distributed Oscillators", "book_title": "2000 Symposium on VSLI Circuits: Digest Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Wu-H" } ], "abstract": "A systematic approach to design of silicon bipolar distributed oscillators and voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) is presented. The operation of the distributed oscillators is analyzed and the general condition for oscillation is derived, resulting in analytical expressions for the frequency and amplitude of the distributed oscillators. Special attention is paid to transmission line modeling that largely determines the performance of the distributed oscillators. A distributed VCO operating at 12 GHz dissipating 13 mW of power is demonstrated. The VCO has a tuning range of 26% with a phase noise of -104 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier. A second design shows a 17 GHz bipolar distributed oscillator, which dissipates 9 mW of power.", "doi": "10.1109/VLSIC.2000.852863", "isbn": "0-7803-6310-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2000-06", "pages": "102-105" }, { "id": "authors:e6kmx-fv435", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "e6kmx-fv435", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111207-153428070", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design and optimization of a low noise 2.4 GHz CMOS VCO with integrated LC tank and MOSCAP tuning", "book_title": "ISCAS 2000 Geneva: Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Emerging technologies for the 21st century", "author": [ { "family_name": "Ham", "given_name": "Donhee", "clpid": "Ham-D" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 2.4 GHz LC voltage controlled oscillator is designed and optimized via linear programming and implemented in a 0.35 \u03bcm RF BiCMOS process technology. Our design methodology provides an insight to choosing design variables given several constraints such as voltage swing, tuning range and start-up condition. The on-chip spiral inductors used are modeled and optimized by a 3D inductor simulator. The inversion mode MOSCAP tuning is used to achieve 26% of tuning range. The measured phase noise is -121 dBc/Hz, -117 dBc/Hz and -115 dBc/Hz at 600 kHz offset from 1.91 GHz, 2.03 GHz and 2.60 GHz carriers, respectively. The VCO dissipates only 4 mA from a 2.5 V supply voltage", "doi": "10.1109/ISCAS.2000.857097", "isbn": "0-7803-5482-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2000-05", "pages": "331-334" }, { "id": "authors:3sxgj-v0317", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "3sxgj-v0317", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HUWiscas00", "type": "book_section", "title": "A novel tuning technique for distributed voltage controlled oscillators", "book_title": "IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2000 Geneva, 28-31 May 2000", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Wu-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A novel current-steering delay-balanced tuning technique for distributed voltage controlled oscillators (DVCO) is demonstrated. This tuning technique is used to design a DVCO operating at 10 GHz in a 0.35 \u03bcm CMOS technology. The DVCO is continuously tunable between 9.9 and 10.3 GHz. Special attention is paid to the layout issues for the high frequency design.", "doi": "10.1109/ISCAS.2000.855995", "isbn": "0-7803-5482-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2000-05", "pages": "57-60" }, { "id": "authors:xrh0s-qpg65", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "xrh0s-qpg65", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111130-143135860", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design of a novel low-power 4th-order 1.7 GHz CMOS frequency synthesizer for DCS-1800", "book_title": "Proceedings the 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems", "author": [ { "family_name": "Lehner", "given_name": "Andreas", "clpid": "Lehner-A" }, { "family_name": "Weigel", "given_name": "Robert", "clpid": "Weigel-R" }, { "family_name": "Sewald", "given_name": "Dieter", "clpid": "Sewald-D" }, { "family_name": "Eichfeld", "given_name": "Herbert", "clpid": "Eichfeld-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A low-power fully-integrated type-2 4th-order 1.7 GHz CMOS frequency synthesizer for DCS-1800 application is designed and simulated in a 0.25 \u03bcm process technology. The frequency switching is achieved using a novel architecture exploiting a direct digital synthesis (DDS) device as the frequency reference. The new topology significantly lowers the undesired sideband power due to divider ratio switching by directly shifting the frequency of the DDS reference. The frequency synthesizer (excluding the DDS device) dissipates only 9 mW of power from a 2 V power supply. It employs a fast-switching novel charge pump circuit and a low-noise fully-integrated differential LC voltage controlled oscillator using on-chip spiral inductors and accumulation-mode capacitors to meet the requirements of a DCS-1800 system. A detailed analysis of the phase noise in the 4th order loop is presented.", "doi": "10.1109/ISCAS.2000.857540", "isbn": "0-7803-5482-6", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "2000-05", "pages": "637-640" }, { "id": "authors:mjwt6-5e920", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "mjwt6-5e920", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111205-085511285", "type": "book_section", "title": "Complete noise analysis for CMOS switching mixers via stochastic differential equations", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2000 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Ham", "given_name": "Donhee", "clpid": "Ham-D" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A complete analysis of noise in CMOS switching mixers using stochastic differential equations (SDE) is presented. The noise figure is calculated using this analysis which takes both cyclostationary noise sources and capacitive high frequency effects into account. The analysis leads to important design implications for mixer design and shows that some commonly-used approximations for mixer noise calculations can be misleading in certain cases even at low frequencies. It is demonstrated that there is an optimum value for the load capacitor leading to minimum noise figure and maximum conversion gain for the mixer", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2000.852703", "isbn": "0-7803-5810-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, N.J.", "publication_date": "2000-05", "pages": "439-442" }, { "id": "authors:9wzfr-av928", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "9wzfr-av928", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:WUHcicc00", "type": "book_section", "title": "A 10 GHz CMOS distributed voltage controlled oscillator", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 2000 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, Caribe Royale Resort Suites, May 21-24, 2000, Orlando, Florida", "author": [ { "family_name": "Wu", "given_name": "Hui", "clpid": "Wu-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "A.", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" } ], "abstract": "A 10 GHz CMOS distributed voltage controlled oscillator (DVCO) is designed in a 0.35 \u03bcm BiCMOS process technology using only CMOS transistors. The oscillator achieves a tuning range of 12% (9.3 GHz to 10.5 GHz) and a phase noise of -114 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a carrier frequency of 10.2 GHz. The VCO uses two different simultaneous tuning techniques which allow for a coarse and fine tuning of frequency in a frequency synthesizer. The oscillator provides an output power of -7 dBm without any buffering, drawing 14 mA of DC current from a 2.5 V power supply.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.2000.852735", "isbn": "0-7803-5809-0", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Los Alamitos, CA", "publication_date": "2000", "pages": "581-584" }, { "id": "authors:12zyh-syk09", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "12zyh-syk09", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120109-142808239", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design and optimization of LC oscillators", "book_title": "1999 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "del Mar Hershenson", "given_name": "Maria", "clpid": "del-Mar-Hershenson-M" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Mohan", "given_name": "Sunderarajan S.", "clpid": "Mohan-S-S" }, { "family_name": "Boyd", "given_name": "Stephen P.", "clpid": "Boyd-S-P" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas H.", "clpid": "Lee-T-H" } ], "abstract": "We present a method for optimizing and automating component\nand transistor sizing for CMOS LC oscillators. We observe\nthat the performance measures can be formulated as posynomial functions of the design variables. As a result, the LC oscillator design problems can be posed as a geometric program, a special type of optimization problem for which very efficient global optimization methods have recently been developed. The synthesis method is therefore fast, and determines the globally optimal design; in particular the final solution is completely independent\nof the starting point (which can even be infeasible),\nand infeasible specifications are unambiguously detected. We\ncan rapidly compute globally optimal trade-off curves between competing objectives such as phase noise and power.", "doi": "10.1109/ICCAD.1999.810623", "isbn": "0-7803-5832-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1999-11", "pages": "65-69" }, { "id": "authors:vnkez-64739", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "vnkez-64739", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120112-110510751", "type": "book_section", "title": "Phase noise in CMOS differential LC oscillators", "book_title": "1998 Symposium on VLSI Circuits: digest of technical papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas H.", "clpid": "Lee-T-H" } ], "abstract": "An analysis of phase noise in differential cross-coupled tuned tank voltage controlled oscillators is presented. The effect of active device noise sources as well as the noise due to the passive elements are taken into account. The predictions are in good agreement with the measurements for different tail currents and supply voltages. The effect of the complementary cross-coupled pair is analyzed and verified experimentally. A 1.8 GHz LC oscillator with a phase noise of -121 dBc/Hz at 600 kHz is demonstrated, dissipating 6 mW of power using spiral inductors.", "doi": "10.1109/VLSIC.1998.687999", "isbn": "0-7803-4766-8", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1998-06", "pages": "48-51" }, { "id": "authors:pjrjt-sdg61", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "pjrjt-sdg61", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111220-140652487", "type": "book_section", "title": "Design issues in cross-coupled inverter sense amplifier", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Heald", "given_name": "Raymond", "clpid": "Heald-R" } ], "abstract": "This paper presents an analytical approach to the design of CMOS cross-coupled inverter sense amplifiers. The effects of the equilibrating transistors and the tail current source on the speed of the sense amplifier are analyzed. An analysis of the offset due to mismatch in various parameters is performed, showing that a complete offset analysis has to account for the cell and bitline structure. A new figure of merit for the offset in the sense amplifier and several new design insights are introduced.", "doi": "10.1109/ISCAS.1998.706863", "isbn": "0-7803-4455-3", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1998-05", "pages": "149 -152" }, { "id": "authors:r1rcw-5sh37", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "r1rcw-5sh37", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111222-111025211", "type": "book_section", "title": "Phase noise in multi-gigahertz CMOS ring oscillators", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 1998 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Limotyrakis", "given_name": "Sotirios", "clpid": "Limotyrakis-S" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas H.", "clpid": "Lee-T-H" } ], "abstract": "An analysis of the phase noise in differential and single-ended ring oscillators using a time-variant model is presented. An expression for the RMS value of the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) is derived. A closed-form equation for phase noise of ring oscillators is calculated and a lower limit on the phase noise of ring oscillators is shown. Phase noise measurements of oscillators running up to 5.5 GHz are in good agreement with the theory.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.1998.694905", "isbn": "0-7803-4292-5", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1998-05", "pages": "49-52" }, { "id": "authors:72n2x-60h85", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "72n2x-60h85", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120117-110114752", "type": "book_section", "title": "Fractal capacitors", "book_title": "1998 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference: Digest of Technical Papers", "author": [ { "family_name": "Samavati", "given_name": "Hirad", "clpid": "Samavati-H" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Shahani", "given_name": "Arvin", "clpid": "Shahani-A" }, { "family_name": "Nasserbakht", "given_name": "Gitty", "clpid": "Nasserbakht-G" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "Thomas", "clpid": "Lee-T" } ], "abstract": "This paper introduces a high-density linear capacitor structure with low bottom-plate parasitics. The density of such a structure improves as process technologies scale. Fractal capacitors retain the linearity of metal-to-metal capacitors with limited degradation of Q. The structures automatically limit the length of the thin metal sections to a few microns, keeping the series resistance reasonably small. Another advantage is the reduction of bottom-plate capacitance because of the smaller area.", "doi": "10.1109/ISSCC.1998.672459", "isbn": "0-7803-4344-1", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1998-02", "pages": "256-257" }, { "id": "authors:1rs3z-5xm42", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "1rs3z-5xm42", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120125-112220383", "type": "book_section", "title": "Level-locked loop: a technique for broadband quadrature signal generation", "book_title": "Proceedings of the IEEE 1997 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference", "author": [ { "family_name": "Navid", "given_name": "Saeed", "clpid": "Navid-S" }, { "family_name": "Behbahani", "given_name": "Farbod", "clpid": "Behbahani-F" }, { "family_name": "Fotowat", "given_name": "Ali", "clpid": "Fotowat-A" }, { "family_name": "Hajimiri", "given_name": "Ali", "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-8019", "clpid": "Hajimiri-A" }, { "family_name": "Gaethke", "given_name": "Rainer", "clpid": "Gaethke-R" }, { "family_name": "Delurio", "given_name": "Micheal", "clpid": "Delurio-M" } ], "abstract": "A method for precise wideband quadrature signal generation is presented. A divide-by-2 stage forms an adjustable phase quadrature signal generator. Its output phase error is converted to an error signal, which feeds back to the quadrature signal generator through an integrator, to correct the output phase difference. Using this method, a phase accuracy better than 0.5\u00b0 is achieved over 40 MHz to 500 MHz of output frequency without any external tuning. The loop compensates for any circuit and layout mismatches, is not sensitive to distorted input LO signals, and has no inherent high frequency limitation.", "doi": "10.1109/CICC.1997.606656", "isbn": "0-7803-3670-4", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_publication": "Piscataway, NJ", "publication_date": "1997-05", "pages": "411-414" } ]