[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/93kdt-84m30", "eprint_id": 106497, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:23:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:33:09", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Delaune-Jeff", "name": { "family": "Delaune", "given": "Jeff" } }, { "id": "Izraelevitz-J", "name": { "family": "Izraelevitz", "given": "Jacob" } }, { "id": "Young-L-A", "name": { "family": "Young", "given": "Larry A." } }, { "id": "Rapin-W", "name": { "family": "Rapin", "given": "William" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4660-8006" }, { "id": "Sklyanskiy-Evgeniy", "name": { "family": "Sklyanskiy", "given": "Evgeniy" } }, { "id": "Johnson-Wayne", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Wayne" } }, { "id": "Schutte-Aaron", "name": { "family": "Schutte", "given": "Aaron" } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Scott-Valerie", "name": { "family": "Scott", "given": "Valerie" } }, { "id": "Leake-Carl", "name": { "family": "Leake", "given": "Carl" } }, { "id": "Ballesteros-Erik", "name": { "family": "Ballesteros", "given": "Erik" } }, { "id": "Withrow-Shannah", "name": { "family": "Withrow", "given": "Shannah" } }, { "id": "Bhagwat-Raghav", "name": { "family": "Bhagwat", "given": "Raghav" } }, { "id": "Cummings-Haley", "name": { "family": "Cummings", "given": "Haley" } }, { "id": "Aaron-K-M", "name": { "family": "Aaron", "given": "Kim" } }, { "id": "Veismann-M", "name": { "family": "Veismann", "given": "Marcel" } }, { "id": "Wei-Skylar", "name": { "family": "Wei", "given": "Skylar" } }, { "id": "Lee-Regina", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Regina" } }, { "id": "Pabon-Madrid-L", "name": { "family": "Pabon Madrid", "given": "Luis" } }, { "id": "Gharib-M", "name": { "family": "Gharib", "given": "Morteza" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0754-4193" }, { "id": "Burdick-J-W", "name": { "family": "Burdick", "given": "Joel" } } ] }, "title": "Motivations and Preliminary Design for Mid-Air Deployment of a Science Rotorcraft on Mars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2020 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. \n\nPublished Online: 2 Nov 2020. \n\nThe research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). \n\nThis work was supported by JPL's Spontaneous R&TD program, and a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship, Leake [NSTRF 2019] Grant #: 80NSSC19K1152. \n\nThe authors would like to thank Chad Edwards and Larry Matthies, from JPL's Mars Exploration Program Advanced Concepts Office, for their technical and programmatic support; as well as Theodore Tzanetos, Mars Helicopter tactical lead at JPL, for sanity checking Ingenuity's design parameters.\n\n
Accepted Version - 2010.06630.pdf
", "abstract": "Mid-Air Deployment (MAD) of a rotorcraft during Entry, Descent and Landing (EDL) on Mars eliminates the need to carry a propulsion or airbag landing system. This reduces the total mass inside the aeroshell by more than 100 kg and simplifies the aeroshell architecture. MAD's lighter and simpler design is likely to bring the risk and cost associated with the mission down. Moreover, the lighter entry mass enables landing in the Martian highlands, at elevations inaccessible to current EDL technologies. This paper proposes a novel MAD concept for a Mars helicopter. We suggest a minimum science payload package to perform relevant science in the highlands. A variant of the Ingenuity helicopter is proposed to provide increased deceleration during MAD, and enough lift to fly the science payload in the highlands. We show in simulation that the lighter aeroshell results in a lower terminal velocity (30 m/s) at the end of the parachute phase of the EDL, and at higher altitudes than other approaches. After discussing the aerodynamics, controls, guidance, and mechanical challenges associated with deploying at such speed, we propose a backshell architecture that addresses them to release the helicopter in the safest conditions. Finally, we implemented the helicopter model and aerodynamic descent perturbations in the JPL Dynamics and Real-Time Simulation (DARTS)framework. Preliminary performance evaluation indicates landing and helicopter operations can be achieved up to +5 km MOLA (Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter reference).", "date": "2020-11-16", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "place_of_pub": "Reston, VA", "pagerange": "Art. No. 2020-4030", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20201106-131812557", "isbn": "9781624106088", "book_title": "ASCEND 2020", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201106-131812557", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech", "grant_number": "80NM0018D0004" }, { "agency": "JPL Research and Technology Development Fund" }, { "agency": "NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship", "grant_number": "80NSSC19K1152" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2020-4030", "name": "AIAA Paper" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/6.2020-4030", "primary_object": { "basename": "2010.06630.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/93kdt-84m30/files/2010.06630.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Delaune, Jeff; Izraelevitz, Jacob; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/63jms-jkc07", "eprint_id": 105573, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-10-03 22:29:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-24 15:29:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Horgan-B-H-N", "name": { "family": "Horgan", "given": "Briony H. N." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6314-9724" }, { "id": "Johnson-Jeffrey-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Jeffrey R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Rice-M-S", "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "Melissa S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "id": "Seeger-C-H", "name": { "family": "Seeger", "given": "Christina" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4993-9724" }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "James F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Bennett-Kristen-A", "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "Kristen A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8105-7129" }, { "id": "Cloutis-E-A", "name": { "family": "Cloutis", "given": "Edward A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7301-0929" }, { "id": "Edgar-L-A", "name": { "family": "Edgar", "given": "Lauren A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7512-7813" }, { "id": "Frydenvang-J", "name": { "family": "Frydenvang", "given": "Jens" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9294-1227" }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "John P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "id": "L'Haridon-J", "name": { "family": "L'Haridon", "given": "Jonas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9323-1603" }, { "id": "Jacob-Samantha-R", "name": { "family": "Jacob", "given": "Samantha R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9950-1486" }, { "id": "Mangold-N", "name": { "family": "Mangold", "given": "Nicolas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0022-0631" }, { "id": "Rampe-E-B", "name": { "family": "Rampe", "given": "Elizabeth B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6999-0028" }, { "id": "Rivera\u2010Hernandez-Frances", "name": { "family": "Rivera\u2010Hernandez", "given": "Frances" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1401-2259" }, { "id": "Sun-Vivian-Z", "name": { "family": "Sun", "given": "Vivian Z." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1480-7369" }, { "id": "Thompson-Lucy-M", "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "Lucy M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5444-952X" }, { "id": "Wellington-D-F", "name": { "family": "Wellington", "given": "Danika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2130-0075" } ] }, "title": "Diagenesis of Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars, From Mastcam Multispectral Images", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars; diagenesis; mineralogy; spectroscopy", "note": "\u00a9 2020 American Geophysical Union. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution\u2010NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. \n\nIssue Online: 31 October 2020; Version of Record online: 31 October 2020; Accepted manuscript online: 23 September 2020; Manuscript accepted: 19 September 2020; Manuscript revised: 03 September 2020; Manuscript received: 10 December 2019. \n\nWe thank the MSL mission team for persevering through the challenges of exploration and collecting the data that enabled this work. We also thank Javier Cuadros, Ken Herkenhoff, and an anonymous reviewer for reviews that substantially improved the clarity of the manuscript and Sally Potter\u2010McIntyre and Ken Ridgway for useful discussions regarding diagenesis. Funding for this study was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist program and the MSL mission. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the NASA. J. F. acknowledges the Carlsberg Foundation (Carlsbergfondet). \n\nData Availability Statement: All of the Mastcam images used in this manuscript are freely available through the Planetary Data System Cartography and Imaging Sciences node (https://pds\u2010imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/msl.html), as are all HiRISE images used in this manuscript (https://pds\u2010imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/mro.html). All of the ChemCam spectra used in this manuscript are freely available through the Planetary Data System Geosciences node (https://pds\u2010geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/chemcam.htm). All Mastcam and ChemCam spectra shown in the manuscript and all calculated spectral parameters are available on Mendeley (https://doi.org/10.17632/w367ty5dr8.1).\n\nPublished - 2019JE006322.pdf
Submitted - essoar105013802.pdf
Supplemental Material - jgre21485-sup-0001-text_si-s01.pdf
Supplemental Material - jgre21485-sup-0002-table_si-s01.xlsx
", "abstract": "Images from the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission of lacustrine sedimentary rocks of Vera Rubin ridge on \"Mt. Sharp\" in Gale crater, Mars, have shown stark color variations from red to purple to gray. These color differences crosscut stratigraphy and are likely due to diagenetic alteration of the sediments after deposition. However, the chemistry and timing of these fluid interactions is unclear. Determining how diagenetic processes may have modified chemical and mineralogical signatures of ancient Martian environments is critical for understanding the past habitability of Mars and achieving the goals of the MSL mission. Here we use visible/near\u2010infrared spectra from Mastcam and ChemCam to determine the mineralogical origins of color variations in the ridge. Color variations are consistent with changes in spectral properties related to the crystallinity, grain size, and texture of hematite. Coarse\u2010grained gray hematite spectrally dominates in the gray patches and is present in the purple areas, while nanophase and fine\u2010grained red crystalline hematite are present and spectrally dominate in the red and purple areas. We hypothesize that these differences were caused by grain\u2010size coarsening of hematite by diagenetic fluids, as observed in terrestrial analogs. In this model, early primary reddening by oxidizing fluids near the surface was followed during or after burial by bleaching to form the gray patches, possibly with limited secondary reddening after exhumation. Diagenetic alteration may have diminished the preservation of biosignatures and changed the composition of the sediments, making it more difficult to interpret how conditions evolved in the paleolake over time.", "date": "2020-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "125", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "Art. No. e2019JE006322", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200925-135426875", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200925-135426875", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Carlsberg Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2019je006322", "primary_object": { "basename": "2019JE006322.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/63jms-jkc07/files/2019JE006322.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "essoar105013802.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/63jms-jkc07/files/essoar105013802.pdf" }, { "basename": "jgre21485-sup-0001-text_si-s01.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/63jms-jkc07/files/jgre21485-sup-0001-text_si-s01.pdf" }, { "basename": "jgre21485-sup-0002-table_si-s01.xlsx", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/63jms-jkc07/files/jgre21485-sup-0002-table_si-s01.xlsx" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Horgan, Briony H. N.; Johnson, Jeffrey R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ahp06-3ey94", "eprint_id": 105199, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 07:05:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 17:37:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacob-S-R", "name": { "family": "Jacob", "given": "S. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9950-1486" }, { "id": "Wellington-D-F", "name": { "family": "Wellington", "given": "D. F." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2130-0075" }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "J. F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Achilles-C-N", "name": { "family": "Achilles", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9185-6768" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Horgan-B-H", "name": { "family": "Horgan", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6314-9724" }, { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "J. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Maurice-S", "name": { "family": "Maurice", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Peters-G-H", "name": { "family": "Peters", "given": "G. H." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1590-630X" }, { "id": "Rampe-E-B", "name": { "family": "Rampe", "given": "E. B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6999-0028" }, { "id": "Thompson-L-M", "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "L. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5444-952X" }, { "id": "Wiens-R-C", "name": { "family": "Wiens", "given": "R. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3409-7344" } ] }, "title": "Spectral, Compositional, and Physical Properties of the Upper Murray Formation and Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mastcam; Multispectral; Laboratory; Phyllosilicates; Hematite; Ferric Iron", "note": "\u00a9 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution\u2010NonCommercial\u2010NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non\u2010commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. \n\nIssue Online: 03 November 2020; Version of Record online: 03 November 2020; Accepted manuscript online: 28 August 2020; Manuscript accepted: 21 August 2020; Manuscript revised: 20 August 2020; Manuscript received: 27 November 2019. \n\nWe would like to thank the wonderfully talented engineers and scientists around the world who have made the MSL Curiosity mission such a success and who have helped to obtain and calibrate the data presented in this paper. Reviews by V. Fox and E. Amador were greatly appreciated and helped significantly improve this paper. This work was funded by the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Project via a subcontract to Arizona State University through Malin Space Science Systems, Inc. (J. R. J. supported by Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Participating Scientist contract 1546033). A portion of this research was also carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the NASA. \n\nData Availability Statement: The new laboratory data generated and used as part of this research are publicly available on the Zenodo open data depository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827971; Jacob, 2020). All Curiosity data can be accessed through the online Analyst's Notebook tool (http://an.rsl.wustl.edu//), and Mastcam images are available online on the NASA Planetary Data System (https://pds\u2010imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/msl.html).\n\nPublished - 2019JE006290.pdf
Supplemental Material - jgre21471-sup-0001-2019je006290-si.docx
", "abstract": "During 2018 and 2019, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover investigated the chemistry, morphology, and stratigraphy of Vera Rubin ridge (VRR). Using orbital data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars, scientists attributed the strong 860 nm signal associated with VRR to the presence of red crystalline hematite. However, Mastcam multispectral data and CheMin X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show that the depth of the 860 nm absorption is negatively correlated with the abundance of red crystalline hematite, suggesting that other mineralogical or physical parameters are also controlling the 860 nm absorption. Here, we examine Mastcam and ChemCam passive reflectance spectra from VRR and other locations to link the depth, position, and presence or absence of iron\u2010related mineralogic absorption features to the XRD\u2010derived rock mineralogy. Correlating CheMin mineralogy to spectral parameters showed that the ~860 nm absorption has a strong positive correlation with the abundance of ferric phyllosilicates. New laboratory reflectance measurements of powdered mineral mixtures can reproduce trends found in Gale crater. We hypothesize that variations in the 860 nm absorption feature in Mastcam and ChemCam observations of VRR materials are a result of three factors: (1) variations in ferric phyllosilicate abundance due to its ~800\u20131,000 nm absorption; (2) variations in clinopyroxene abundance because of its band maximum at ~860 nm; and (3) the presence of red crystalline hematite because of its absorption centered at 860 nm. We also show that relatively small changes in Ca\u2010sulfate abundance is one potential cause of the erosional resistance and geomorphic expression of VRR.", "date": "2020-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "125", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "Art. No. e2019JE006290", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200901-102620010", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200901-102620010", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Arizona State University" }, { "agency": "Malin Space Science Systems, Inc." }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1546033" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2019je006290", "primary_object": { "basename": "2019JE006290.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ahp06-3ey94/files/2019JE006290.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "jgre21471-sup-0001-2019je006290-si.docx", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ahp06-3ey94/files/jgre21471-sup-0001-2019je006290-si.docx" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Jacob, S. R.; Wellington, D. F.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/atjjb-khp52", "eprint_id": 105052, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 06:16:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 17:20:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rampe-E-B", "name": { "family": "Rampe", "given": "E. B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6999-0028" }, { "name": { "family": "Bristow", "given": "T. F." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6725-0555" }, { "name": { "family": "Morris", "given": "R. V." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1413-4002" }, { "name": { "family": "Morrison", "given": "S. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1712-8057" }, { "name": { "family": "Achilles", "given": "C. N." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9185-6768" }, { "name": { "family": "Ming", "given": "D. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0567-8876" }, { "name": { "family": "Vaniman", "given": "D. T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7661-2626" }, { "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "D. F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Tu", "given": "V. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Chipera", "given": "S. J." } }, { "id": "Yen-Albert-S", "name": { "family": "Yen", "given": "A. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2410-0412" }, { "name": { "family": "Peretyazhko", "given": "T. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5533-6490" }, { "name": { "family": "Downs", "given": "R. T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hazen", "given": "R. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4163-8644" }, { "name": { "family": "Treiman", "given": "A. H." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8073-2839" }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "name": { "family": "Castle", "given": "N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0608-1249" }, { "name": { "family": "Craig", "given": "P. I." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4080-4997" }, { "name": { "family": "Des Marais", "given": "D. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6827-5831" }, { "name": { "family": "Thorpe", "given": "M. T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Walroth", "given": "R. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5174-6297" }, { "name": { "family": "Downs", "given": "G. W." } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "name": { "family": "Siebach", "given": "K. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6628-6297" }, { "name": { "family": "Gellert", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7928-834X" }, { "name": { "family": "Lafuente", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "McAdam", "given": "A. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9120-2991" }, { "name": { "family": "Meslin", "given": "P.\u2010Y." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0703-3951" }, { "name": { "family": "Sutter", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3036-170X" }, { "name": { "family": "Salvatore", "given": "M. R." } } ] }, "title": "Mineralogy of Vera Rubin Ridge from the Mars Science Laboratory CheMin Instrument", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars; CheMin; X\u2010ray diffraction; Gale crater; aqueous alteration", "note": "\u00a9 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.\n\nIssue Online: 24 September 2020; Version of Record online: 24 September 2020; Accepted manuscript online: 24 June 2020; Manuscript accepted: 28 April 2020; Manuscript revised: 27 April 2020; Manuscript received: 03 December 2019. \n\nWe gratefully acknowledge the MSL engineering, management, and tactical and strategic operations teams who facilitated data collection during the VRR campaign. Reviews by J. Bridges, K. Cannon, N. Mangold, S. VanBommel, and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The CheMin ODR provides diffraction data, fluorescence data, grain motion data, crystallographic information files used in the Rietveld refinements, descriptions of the analysis, and mineral abundances for all drill samples. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \n\nData Availability Statement: CheMin XRD data presented in this paper are archived in the Planetary Data System (PDS) and the CheMin Open Data Repository (ODR). Within the PDS, the Duluth 1\u2010D diffraction pattern can be found online (at https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemin-4-rdr-v1/mslcmn_1xxx/data/rdr4/cmb_581124537rda20690701752ch00111p1.csv), the Stoer 1\u2010D diffraction pattern can be found online (at https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemin-4-rdr-v1/mslcmn_1xxx/data/rdr4/cmb_587626717rda21420721316ch00111p1.csv), the Highfield 1\u2010D diffraction pattern can be found online (at https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemin-4-rdr-v1/mslcmn_1xxx/data/rdr4/cma_595174954rda22270730550ch00111p1.csv), the Rock Hall 1\u2010D diffraction pattern of the first four minor frames can be found online (at https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemin-4-rdr-v1/mslcmn_1xxx/data/rdr4/cma_598547494rda22650731206ch00111p1.csv), and the Rock Hall 1\u2010D diffraction pattern from the last two nights of analysis when grain motion was poor can be found online (at https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-chemin-4-rdr-v1/mslcmn_1xxx/data/rdr4/cma_599656708rda22770731206ch00113p1.csv). Within the ODR, Duluth data can be found online (at https://odr.io/CheMin#/view/288511/84/eyJkdF9pZCI6IjQzIn0/1), Stoer data can be found online (at https://odr.io/CheMin#/view/288516/84/eyJkdF9pZCI6IjQzIn0/1), Highfield data can be found online (at https://odr.io/CheMin#/view/288517/84/eyJkdF9pZCI6IjQzIn0/1), and Rock Hall data can be found online (at https://odr.io/CheMin#/view/288518/84/eyJkdF9pZCI6IjQzIn0/1).\n\nPublished - 2019JE006306.pdf
Supplemental Material - jgre21383-sup-0001-2019je006306-si.docx
", "abstract": "Vera Rubin ridge (VRR) is an erosion\u2010resistant feature on the northwestern slope of Mount Sharp in Gale crater, Mars, and orbital visible/shortwave infrared measurements indicate it contains red hematite. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover performed an extensive campaign on VRR to study its mineralogy, geochemistry, and sedimentology to determine the depositional and diagenetic history of the ridge and constrain the processes by which the hematite could have formed. X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) data from the CheMin instrument of four samples drilled on and below VRR demonstrate differences in iron, phyllosilicate, and sulfate mineralogy and hematite grain size. Hematite is common across the ridge, and its detection in a gray outcrop suggest localized regions with coarse\u2010grained hematite, which commonly forms from warm fluids. Broad XRD peaks for hematite in one sample below VRR and the abundance of FeOT in the amorphous component suggest the presence of nanocrystalline hematite and amorphous Fe oxides/oxyhydroxides. Well crystalline akaganeite and jarosite are present in two samples drilled from VRR, indicating at least limited alteration by acid\u2010saline fluids. Collapsed nontronite is present below VRR, but samples from VRR contain phyllosilicate with d(001) = 9.6 \u00c5, possibly from ferripyrophyllite or an acid\u2010altered smectite. The most likely cementing agents creating the ridge are hematite and opaline silica. We hypothesize late diagenesis can explain much of the mineralogical variation on the ridge, where multiple fluid episodes with variable pH, salinity, and temperature altered the rocks, causing the precipitation and crystallization of phases that are not otherwise in equilibrium.", "date": "2020-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "125", "number": "9", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "Art.o. e2019JE006306", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200821-074343210", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200821-074343210", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2019je006306", "primary_object": { "basename": "2019JE006306.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/atjjb-khp52/files/2019JE006306.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "jgre21383-sup-0001-2019je006306-si.docx", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/atjjb-khp52/files/jgre21383-sup-0001-2019je006306-si.docx" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Rampe, E. B.; Bristow, T. F.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/64bdx-a5459", "eprint_id": 102402, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:15:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 16:20:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Edgar-L-A", "name": { "family": "Edgar", "given": "L. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7512-7813" }, { "id": "Fedo-C-M", "name": { "family": "Fedo", "given": "C. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2626-1132" }, { "id": "Gupta-S", "name": { "family": "Gupta", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Banham-S-G", "name": { "family": "Banham", "given": "S. G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1206-1639" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "id": "Stack-K-M", "name": { "family": "Stack", "given": "K. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3444-6695" }, { "id": "Stein-N-T", "name": { "family": "Stein", "given": "N. T." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3385-9957" }, { "id": "Bennett-K-A", "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "K. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8105-7129" }, { "id": "Rivera\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez-F", "name": { "family": "Rivera\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez", "given": "F." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1401-2259" }, { "id": "Sun-V-Z", "name": { "family": "Sun", "given": "V. Z." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1480-7369" }, { "id": "Edgett-K-S", "name": { "family": "Edgett", "given": "K. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7197-5751" }, { "id": "Rubin-D-M", "name": { "family": "Rubin", "given": "D. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1169-1452" }, { "id": "House-C-H", "name": { "family": "House", "given": "C. H." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4926-4985" }, { "id": "Van-Beek-J", "name": { "family": "Van Beek", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6772-4914" } ] }, "title": "A Lacustrine Paleoenvironment Recorded at Vera RubinRidge, Gale Crater: Overview of the Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Observed by the Mars ScienceLaboratory Curiosity Rover", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "lacustrine; sedimentology; stratigraphy; Mars; Gale crater", "note": "\u00a9 2020 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. \n\nReceived 5 DEC 2019; Accepted 24 FEB 2020; Accepted article online 10 MAR 2020. \n\nThe authors gratefully acknowledge support from the NASA MSL mission and the efforts of the MSL engineering and science operations teams. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A portion of this work was supported by the Simons Collaboration for the the Origin of Life. All of the Mastcam, Navcam, Hazcam, MARDI, and MAHLI images used in this manuscript are freely available through the Planetary Data System Cartography and Imaging Sciences node (https://pds\u2010imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/msl.html). All of the ChemCam RMI images used in this manuscript are freely available through the Planetary Data System Geosciences node (https://pds\u2010geosciences.wustl. edu/missions/msl/chemcam.htm). Data used to estimate grain size using the Gini index can be accessed via Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3605603 (sols 766\u20131,804) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3672073 (1808\u20102298). Data used to estimate laminae thickness can be accessed via Zenodo: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3672078.\n\nPublished - 2019JE006307.pdf
Submitted - essoar.10501350.1.pdf
", "abstract": "For ~500 Martian solar days (sols), the Mars Science Laboratory team explored Vera Rubin ridge (VRR), a topographic feature on the northwest slope of Aeolis Mons. Here we review the sedimentary facies and stratigraphy observed during sols 1,800\u20132,300, covering more than 100 m of stratigraphic thickness. Curiosity's traverse includes two transects across the ridge, which enables investigation of lateral variability over a distance of ~300 m. Three informally named stratigraphic members of the Murray formation are described: Blunts Point, Pettegrove Point, and Jura, with the latter two exposed on VRR. The Blunts Point member, exposed just below the ridge, is characterized by a recessive, fine\u2010grained facies that exhibits extensive planar lamination and is crosscut by abundant curvi\u2010planar veins. The Pettegrove Point member is more resistant, fine\u2010grained, thinly planar laminated, and contains a higher abundance of diagenetic concretions. Conformable above the Pettegrove Point member is the Jura member, which is also fine\u2010grained and parallel stratified, but is marked by a distinct step in topography, which coincides with localized meter\u2010scale inclined strata, a thinly and thickly laminated facies, and occasional crystal molds. All members record low\u2010energy lacustrine deposition, consistent with prior observations of the Murray formation. Uncommon outcrops of low\u2010angle stratification suggest possible subaqueous currents, and steeply inclined beds may be the result of slumping. Collectively, the rocks exposed at VRR provide additional evidence for a long\u2010lived lacustrine environment (in excess of 106 years via comparison to terrestrial records of sedimentation), which extends our understanding of the duration of habitable conditions in Gale crater.", "date": "2020-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "125", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "Art. No. e2019JE006307", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200408-130611400", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200408-130611400", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Simons Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2019je006307", "primary_object": { "basename": "2019JE006307.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/64bdx-a5459/files/2019JE006307.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "essoar.10501350.1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/64bdx-a5459/files/essoar.10501350.1.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Edgar, L. A.; Fedo, C. M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6zjj7-0pw43", "eprint_id": 88152, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:36:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 21:50:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Jeffrey R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "James F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Bender-S", "name": { "family": "Bender", "given": "Steve" } }, { "id": "Cloutis-E-A", "name": { "family": "Cloutis", "given": "Edward" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7301-0929" }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Gasnault-O", "name": { "family": "Gasnault", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6979-9012" }, { "id": "Maurice-S", "name": { "family": "Maurice", "given": "Sylvestre" } }, { "id": "Pinet-P", "name": { "family": "Pinet", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1933-5631" }, { "id": "Thompson-L", "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "Lucy" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5444-952X" }, { "id": "Wellington-D-F", "name": { "family": "Wellington", "given": "Danika" } }, { "id": "Wiens-R-C", "name": { "family": "Wiens", "given": "Roger C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3409-7344" } ] }, "title": "Bagnold Dunes campaign Phase 2: Visible/near\u2010infrared reflectance spectroscopy of longitudinal ripple sands", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2018 American Geophysical Union. \n\nReceived 31 MAY 2018; Accepted 13 JUL 2018; Accepted article online 23 JUL 2018; Published online 27 SEP 2018. \n\nThis work was funded by the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist program through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (contracts 1350588 and 1546033). A portion of this research was carried out at JPL, under a contract with NASA. The U.S. portion of ChemCam and MSL rover operations was funded by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. The French contribution to MSL is supported by CNES. The authors thank the operations teams involved in acquiring these data sets and W. Farrand and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments. Original data that underlie the conclusions presented in this manuscript can be found on the NASA Planetary Data System and/or in the relevant references cited. The authors fondly recall the dedicated efforts toward the Bagnold Dune campaigns by our late colleague Nathan Bridges.\n\nPublished - Johnson_et_al-2018-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf
Supplemental Material - grl57776-sup-0001-2018gl079025_si.docx
", "abstract": "As part of the Phase 2 Bagnold Dune campaign at Gale Crater, Mars, constraints on the geochemistry, mineralogy, and oxidation state of pristine and disturbed linear sand ripples were made using visible/near\u2010infrared spectral observations for comparison to Phase 1 spectra of the barchan dunes to the north. Spectra acquired by the ChemCam and Mastcam instruments (400\u20131,000 nm) at four Phase 2 locations revealed similar overall spectral trends between the two regions, but most Phase 2 sands were redder in the visible wavelengths. The majority of targets exhibited lower red/infrared ratios, higher ~530\u2010nm band depths, and higher red/blue ratios than Phase 1 samples, suggesting a greater proportion of redder, fine\u2010grained, ferric sands in Phase 2 samples. This is consistent with the slightly greater proportion of hematite in Phase 2 samples as determined from CheMin analyses of the Ogunquit sands, which may reflect contamination from the surrounding hematite\u2010bearing Murray formation bedrock.", "date": "2018-09-28", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geophysical Research Letters", "volume": "45", "number": "18", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "9480-9487", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180724-081744906", "issn": "0094-8276", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180724-081744906", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1350588" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1546033" }, { "agency": "Centre National d'\u00c9tudes Spatiales (CNES)" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2018GL079025", "primary_object": { "basename": "Johnson_et_al-2018-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6zjj7-0pw43/files/Johnson_et_al-2018-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "grl57776-sup-0001-2018gl079025_si.docx", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6zjj7-0pw43/files/grl57776-sup-0001-2018gl079025_si.docx" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Johnson, Jeffrey R.; Bell, James F., III; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b6qgf-p0164", "eprint_id": 86220, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:54:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:22:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "McMahon-S", "name": { "family": "McMahon", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8589-2041" }, { "id": "Bosak-T", "name": { "family": "Bosak", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "id": "Milliken-R-E", "name": { "family": "Milliken", "given": "R. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3240-4918" }, { "id": "Summons-R-E", "name": { "family": "Summons", "given": "R. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7144-8537" }, { "id": "Daye-M", "name": { "family": "Daye", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Newman-S-A", "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "S. A." } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Williford-K-H", "name": { "family": "Williford", "given": "K. H." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0633-408X" }, { "id": "Briggs-D-E-G", "name": { "family": "Briggs", "given": "D. E. G." } } ] }, "title": "A Field Guide to Finding Fossils on Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars; astrobiology; fossils", "note": "\u00a9 2018 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. \n\nReceived 7 NOV 2017; Accepted 23 APR 2018; Accepted article online 2 MAY 2018; Published online 24 MAY 2018. \n\nThe data drawn upon for this study are available in the figures and cited references. We are grateful for helpful comments from C. P. McKay, A. H. Knoll, and two anonymous reviewers. Financial support was provided by the NASA Astrobiology Institute NNA13AA90A, Foundations of Complex Life, Evolution, Preservation, and Detection on Earth and Beyond. The Simons Collaboration on Origins of Life provided funding to T. B., J. P. G., and R. E. S. S. M. acknowledges support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Sk\u0142odowska\u2010Curie grant agreement 747877. K. H. W. and A. F. acknowledge support of a grant from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for work performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - McMahon_et_al-2018-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research_3A_Planets.pdf
", "abstract": "The Martian surface is cold, dry, exposed to biologically harmful radiation and apparently barren today. Nevertheless, there is clear geological evidence for warmer, wetter intervals in the past that could have supported life at or near the surface. This evidence has motivated National Aeronautics and Space Administration and European Space Agency to prioritize the search for any remains or traces of organisms from early Mars in forthcoming missions. Informed by (1) stratigraphic, mineralogical and geochemical data collected by previous and current missions, (2) Earth's fossil record, and (3) experimental studies of organic decay and preservation, we here consider whether, how, and where fossils and isotopic biosignatures could have been preserved in the depositional environments and mineralizing media thought to have been present in habitable settings on early Mars. We conclude that Noachian\u2010Hesperian Fe\u2010bearing clay\u2010rich fluvio\u2010lacustrine siliciclastic deposits, especially where enriched in silica, currently represent the most promising and best understood astropaleontological targets. Siliceous sinters would also be an excellent target, but their presence on Mars awaits confirmation. More work is needed to improve our understanding of fossil preservation in the context of other environments specific to Mars, particularly within evaporative salts and pore/fracture\u2010filling subsurface minerals.", "date": "2018-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "123", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "1012-1040", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20180504-070038553", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180504-070038553", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNA13AA90A" }, { "agency": "Simons Collaboration on Origins of Life" }, { "agency": "Marie Curie Fellowship", "grant_number": "747877" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/2017JE005478", "primary_object": { "basename": "McMahon_et_al-2018-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research_3A_Planets.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b6qgf-p0164/files/McMahon_et_al-2018-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research_3A_Planets.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "McMahon, S.; Bosak, T.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nj0dn-rjw29", "eprint_id": 76915, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 22:16:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:59:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Jeffrey R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Achilles-C-N", "name": { "family": "Achilles", "given": "Cherie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9185-6768" }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "James F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Bender-S", "name": { "family": "Bender", "given": "Steve" } }, { "id": "Cloutis-E-A", "name": { "family": "Cloutis", "given": "Edward" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7301-0929" }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Gasnault-O", "name": { "family": "Gasnault", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6979-9012" }, { "id": "Hamilton-V-E", "name": { "family": "Hamilton", "given": "Victoria E." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8675-2083" }, { "id": "Le-Mou\u00e9lic-S", "name": { "family": "Le Mou\u00e9lic", "given": "St\u00e9phane" } }, { "id": "Maurice-S", "name": { "family": "Maurice", "given": "Sylvestre" } }, { "id": "Pinet-P", "name": { "family": "Pinet", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1933-5631" }, { "id": "Thompson-L", "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "Lucy" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5444-952X" }, { "id": "Wellington-D", "name": { "family": "Wellington", "given": "Danika" } }, { "id": "Wiens-R-C", "name": { "family": "Wiens", "given": "Roger C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3409-7344" } ] }, "title": "Visible/near-infrared spectral diversity from in situ observations of the Bagnold Dune Field sands in Gale Crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Curiosity; Bagnold Dune; ChemCam; Mastcam; multispectral; visible spectroscopy", "note": "\u00a9 2017 American Geophysical Union. \n\n\nReceived 3 OCT 2016; Accepted 10 JAN 2017; Published online 13 DEC 2017. \n\nThis work was funded by the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist program through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (contracts 1350588, 1449892, and 1546033). A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The U.S. portion of ChemCam and MSL rover operations was funded by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. The French contribution to MSL is supported by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The authors thank Ray Arvidson (Washington University in St. Louis) for providing the CRISM spectrum of Namib Dune and Daniel Applin (University of Winnipeg) for spectra of sieved San Carlos samples. The authors thank the operations teams involved in acquiring these data sets, including the dedicated efforts of the payload uplink leads for the Mastcam and ChemCam teams. E.A.C. thanks NSERC, CSA, CFI, and MRIF for supporting the UW Planetary Spectrophotometer Facility at UW. Detailed reviews by D. Rogers and an anonymous reviewer helped clarify the presentation and analytical details of the manuscript. Original data that underlie the conclusions presented in this manuscript can be found on the NASA Planetary Data System and/or in the relevant references cited.\n\nPublished - Johnson_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Planets.pdf
", "abstract": "As part of the Bagnold Dune campaign conducted by Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity, visible/near-infrared reflectance spectra of dune sands were acquired using Mast Camera (Mastcam) multispectral imaging (445\u20131013\u2009nm) and Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) passive point spectroscopy (400\u2013840\u2009nm). By comparing spectra from pristine and rover-disturbed ripple crests and troughs within the dune field, and through analysis of sieved grain size fractions, constraints on mineral segregation from grain sorting could be determined. In general, the dune areas exhibited low relative reflectance, a weak ~530\u2009nm absorption band, an absorption band near 620\u2009nm, and a spectral downturn after ~685\u2009nm consistent with olivine-bearing sands. The finest grain size fractions occurred within ripple troughs and in the subsurface and typically exhibited the strongest ~530\u2009nm bands, highest relative reflectances, and weakest red/near-infrared ratios, consistent with a combination of crystalline and amorphous ferric materials. Coarser-grained samples were the darkest and bluest and exhibited weaker ~530\u2009nm bands, lower relative reflectances, and stronger downturns in the near-infrared, consistent with greater proportions of mafic minerals such as olivine and pyroxene. These grains were typically segregated along ripple crests and among the upper surfaces of grain flows in disturbed sands. Sieved dune sands exhibited progressive decreases in reflectance with increasing grain size, as observed in laboratory spectra of olivine size separates. The continuum of spectral features observed between the coarse- and fine-grained dune sands suggests that mafic grains, ferric materials, and air fall dust mix in variable proportions depending on aeolian activity and grain sorting.", "date": "2017-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "122", "number": "12", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "2655-2684", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170425-140626753", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170425-140626753", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1350588" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1449892" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1546033" }, { "agency": "Centre National d'\u00c9tudes Spatiales (CNES)" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/2016JE005187", "primary_object": { "basename": "Johnson_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Planets.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nj0dn-rjw29/files/Johnson_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Planets.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Johnson, Jeffrey R.; Achilles, Cherie; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4se9f-7tc59", "eprint_id": 77890, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:19:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 23:32:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wellington-D-F", "name": { "family": "Wellington", "given": "Danika F." } }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "James F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Jeffrey R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Kinch-K-M", "name": { "family": "Kinch", "given": "Kjartan M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4629-8880" }, { "id": "Rice-M-S", "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "Melissa S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "id": "Godber-A", "name": { "family": "Godber", "given": "Austin" } }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Hardgrove-C", "name": { "family": "Hardgrove", "given": "Craig" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8556-6630" } ] }, "title": "Visible to near-infrared MSL/Mastcam multispectral imaging: Initial results from select high-interest science targets within Gale Crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars, multispectral imaging, Curiosity, Gale Crater", "note": "\u00a9 2017 Mineralogical Society of America. Creative Commons Attribution license. \n\nFirst Published on June 01, 2017. \n\nThis work was supported by Mars Science Laboratory Project grants and contracts from NASA, JPL/Caltech, and Malin Space Science Systems, Inc. We heartily thank the MSL/Curiosity science and operations team, who made these results possible. The authors also acknowledge specific funding sources, as follows: the MSL Participating Scientist program (J.R. Johnson, JPL contract 1350588, and B.L. Ehlmann), the W.M. Keck Institute for Space Studies and Caltech GPS Division Texaco postdoctoral fellowships (A.A. Fraeman), the NASA Postdoctoral Program (M.S. Rice), and the Danish Council for Independent Research/Natural Sciences (K.M. Kinch, FNU Grant 12-127126). A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Finally, the authors thank reviewers Edward Guiness and Jack Mustard for greatly appreciated feedback that allowed us to significantly improve upon the initial manuscript.\n\nPublished - 1202.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The Mastcam CCD cameras on the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity Rover each use an 8-position filter wheel in acquiring up to 1600 \u00d7 1200 pixel images. The filter set includes a broadband near-infrared cutoff filter for RGB Bayer imaging on each camera and 12 narrow-band geology filters distributed between the two cameras, spanning the wavelength range 445\u20131013 nm. This wavelength region includes the relatively broad charge-transfer and crystal-field absorption bands that are most commonly due to the presence of iron-bearing minerals. To identify such spectral features, sequences of images taken with identical pointings through different filters have been calibrated to relative reflectance using pre-flight calibration coefficients and in-flight measurements of an onboard calibration target. Within the first 1000 sols of the mission, Mastcam observed a spectrally diverse set of materials displaying absorption features consistent with the presence of iron-bearing silicate, iron oxide, and iron sulfate minerals. Dust-coated surfaces as well as soils possess a strong positive reflectance slope in the visible, consistent with the presence of nanophase iron oxides, which have long been considered the dominant visible-wavelength pigmenting agent in weathered martian surface materials. Fresh surfaces, such as tailings produced by the drill tool and the interiors of rocks broken by the rover wheels, are grayer in visible wavelengths than their reddish, dust-coated surfaces but possess reflectance spectra that vary considerably between sites. To understand the mineralogical basis of observed Mastcam reflectance spectra, we focus on a subset of the multispectral data set for which additional constraints on the composition of surface materials are available from other rover instruments, with an emphasis on sample sites for which detailed mineralogy is provided by the results of CheMin X-ray diffraction analyses. We also discuss the results of coordinated observations with the ChemCam instrument, whose passive mode of operation is capable of acquiring reflectance spectra over wavelengths that considerably overlap the range spanned by the Mastcam filter set (Johnson et al. 2016). Materials that show a distinct 430 nm band in ChemCam data also are observed to have a strong near-infrared absorption band in Mastcam spectral data, consistent with the presence of a ferric sulfate mineral. Long-distance Mastcam observations targeted toward the flanks of the Gale crater central mound are in agreement with both ChemCam spectra and orbital results, and in particular exhibit the spectral features of a crystalline hematite layer identified in MRO/CRISM data. Variations observed in Mastcam multi-filter images acquired to date have shown that multispectral observations can discriminate between compositionally different materials within Gale Crater and are in qualitative agreement with mineralogies from measured samples and orbital data.", "date": "2017-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "American Mineralogist", "volume": "102", "number": "6", "publisher": "Mineralogical Society of America", "pagerange": "1202-1217", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170601-123727234", "issn": "0003-004X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170601-123727234", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Malin Space Science Systems, Inc." }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "1350588" }, { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" }, { "agency": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" }, { "agency": "NASA Postdoctoral Program" }, { "agency": "Danish Council for Independent Research-Natural Sciences", "grant_number": "12-127126" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies", "value": "Keck Institute for Space Studies" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department", "value": "Astronomy Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences", "value": "Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "MSL Science Team" ] }, "doi": "10.2138/am-2017-5760CCBY", "primary_object": { "basename": "1202.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4se9f-7tc59/files/1202.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Wellington, Danika F.; Bell, James F., III; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6qav4-9z165", "eprint_id": 105212, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:31:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 21:28:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Frydenvang-J", "name": { "family": "Frydenvang", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9294-1227" }, { "name": { "family": "Gasda", "given": "P. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0895-1153" }, { "name": { "family": "Hurowitz", "given": "J. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5857-8652" }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "name": { "family": "Wiens", "given": "R. C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Newsom", "given": "H. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4358-8161" }, { "name": { "family": "Edgett", "given": "K. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7197-5751" }, { "id": "Watkins-J", "name": { "family": "Watkins", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Bridges", "given": "J. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9579-5779" }, { "name": { "family": "Maurice", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fisk", "given": "M. R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "J. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Rapin-W", "name": { "family": "Rapin", "given": "W." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4660-8006" }, { "id": "Stein-N-T", "name": { "family": "Stein", "given": "N. T." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3385-9957" }, { "name": { "family": "Clegg", "given": "S. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0338-0948" }, { "name": { "family": "Schwenzer", "given": "S. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9608-0759" }, { "name": { "family": "Bedford", "given": "C. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0783-1064" }, { "name": { "family": "Edwards", "given": "P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Mangold", "given": "N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0022-0631" }, { "name": { "family": "Cousin", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7823-7794" }, { "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "R. B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4465-2871" }, { "name": { "family": "Payr\u00e9", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7052-0795" }, { "name": { "family": "Vaniman", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7661-2626" }, { "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "D. F." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0834-4487" }, { "name": { "family": "Lanza", "given": "N. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4445-7996" }, { "name": { "family": "Gupta", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Van Beek", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sautter", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4263-7558" }, { "name": { "family": "Meslin", "given": "P.-Y." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0703-3951" }, { "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "name": { "family": "Milliken", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3240-4918" }, { "name": { "family": "Gellert", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7928-834X" }, { "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5444-952X" }, { "name": { "family": "Clark", "given": "B. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5546-8757" }, { "name": { "family": "Sumner", "given": "D. Y." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7343-2061" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "name": { "family": "Kinch", "given": "K. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4629-8880" }, { "name": { "family": "Madsen", "given": "M. B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Mitrofanov", "given": "I. G." } }, { "id": "Jun-Insoo", "name": { "family": "Jun", "given": "I." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5663-8888" }, { "id": "Calef-F", "name": { "family": "Calef", "given": "F." } }, { "id": "Vasavada-A-R", "name": { "family": "Vasavada", "given": "A. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2665-286X" } ] }, "title": "Diagenetic silica enrichment and late-stage groundwater activity in Gale crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Diagenesis; Silica; Groundwater; Gale crater, Mars; MSL", "note": "\u00a9 2017 American Geophysical Union. \n\nIssue Online: 24 June 2017; Version of Record online: 30 May 2017; Accepted manuscript online: 26 April 2017; Manuscript accepted: 24 April 2017; Manuscript revised: 22 April 2017; Manuscript received: 02 March 2017. \n\nThis research was supported by the NASA MSL Mission, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. We acknowledge the support of the MSL engineering and operations staff. J.F. thanks the Villum Foundation, K.M.K. and M.B.M. thank the Danish Council for Independent Research (4002\u201000292), J.C.B. and S.P.S. thank UKSA (ST/P002110/1), and C.C.B. thanks STFC (ST/N50421X/1) for support. Data from the MSL mission are available online (http://pds\u2010geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/). ChemCam and APXS derived data products used in this work are attached as supporting information.\n\nPublished - 2017GL073323.pdf
Supplemental Material - grl555851-sup-0001-supplementary.pdf
", "abstract": "Diagenetic silica enrichment in fracture\u2010associated halos that crosscut lacustrine and unconformably overlying aeolian sedimentary bedrock is observed on the lower north slope of Aeolis Mons in Gale crater, Mars. The diagenetic silica enrichment is colocated with detrital silica enrichment observed in the lacustrine bedrock yet extends into a considerably younger, unconformably draping aeolian sandstone, implying that diagenetic silica enrichment postdates the detrital silica enrichment. A causal connection between the detrital and diagenetic silica enrichment implies that water was present in the subsurface of Gale crater long after deposition of the lacustrine sediments and that it mobilized detrital amorphous silica and precipitated it along fractures in the overlying bedrock. Although absolute timing is uncertain, the observed diagenesis likely represents some of the most recent groundwater activity in Gale crater and suggests that the timescale of potential habitability extended considerably beyond the time that the lacustrine sediments of Aeolis Mons were deposited.", "date": "2017-05-28", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geophysical Research Letters", "volume": "44", "number": "10", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "4716-4724", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200902-091425199", "issn": "0094-8276", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200902-091425199", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Villum Foundation" }, { "agency": "Danish Council for Independent Research", "grant_number": "4002\u201000292" }, { "agency": "United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA)", "grant_number": "ST/P002110/1" }, { "agency": "Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)", "grant_number": "ST/N50421X/1" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/2017gl073323", "primary_object": { "basename": "2017GL073323.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6qav4-9z165/files/2017GL073323.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "grl555851-sup-0001-supplementary.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6qav4-9z165/files/grl555851-sup-0001-supplementary.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2017", "author_list": "Frydenvang, J.; Gasda, P. J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7bt4-dmp18", "eprint_id": 71528, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 19:11:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:52:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Stack-K-M", "name": { "family": "Stack", "given": "K. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3444-6695" }, { "id": "Edwards-C-S", "name": { "family": "Edwards", "given": "C. S." } }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "id": "Gupta-S", "name": { "family": "Gupta", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Sumner-D-Y", "name": { "family": "Sumner", "given": "D. Y." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7343-2061" }, { "id": "Calef-F-J-III", "name": { "family": "Calef", "given": "F. J., III" } }, { "id": "Edgar-L-A", "name": { "family": "Edgar", "given": "L. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7512-7813" }, { "id": "Edgett-K-S", "name": { "family": "Edgett", "given": "K. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7197-5751" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Jacob-S-R", "name": { "family": "Jacob", "given": "S. R." } }, { "id": "Le-Deit-L", "name": { "family": "Le Deit", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1361-5170" }, { "id": "Lewis-K-W", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "K. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3412-803X" }, { "id": "Rice-M-S", "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "M. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "id": "Rubin-D", "name": { "family": "Rubin", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Williams-R-M-E", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "R. M. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1571-6952" }, { "id": "Williford-K-H", "name": { "family": "Williford", "given": "K. H." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0633-408X" } ] }, "title": "Comparing orbiter and rover image-based mapping of an ancient sedimentary environment, Aeolis Palus, Gale crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Mars; Mars, surface; Geological processes", "note": "\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. \n\nReceived 23 June 2015; Revised 4 February 2016; Accepted 17 February 2016; Available online 27 February 2016. \n\nThis research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Thanks to Mike Malin for providing the processed Mastcam mosaics used in this study. The authors would like to acknowledge the scientists and engineers of the MSL and MRO HiRISE missions, without whom the data and analysis presented in this paper would not have been possible. We also thank Brad Thomson and an anonymous reviewer for providing helpful feedback that improved this manuscript.", "abstract": "This study provides the first systematic comparison of orbital facies maps with detailed ground-based geology observations from the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover to examine the validity of geologic interpretations derived from orbital image data. Orbital facies maps were constructed for the Darwin, Cooperstown, and Kimberley waypoints visited by the Curiosity rover using High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images. These maps, which represent the most detailed orbital analysis of these areas to date, were compared with rover image-based geologic maps and stratigraphic columns derived from Curiosity's Mast Camera (Mastcam) and Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI). Results show that bedrock outcrops can generally be distinguished from unconsolidated surficial deposits in high-resolution orbital images and that orbital facies mapping can be used to recognize geologic contacts between well-exposed bedrock units. However, process-based interpretations derived from orbital image mapping are difficult to infer without known regional context or observable paleogeomorphic indicators, and layer-cake models of stratigraphy derived from orbital maps oversimplify depositional relationships as revealed from a rover perspective. This study also shows that fine-scale orbital image-based mapping of current and future Mars landing sites is essential for optimizing the efficiency and science return of rover surface operations.", "date": "2016-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Icarus", "volume": "280", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "3-21", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20161027-075818863", "issn": "0019-1035", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161027-075818863", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/j.icarus.2016.02.024", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Stack, K. M.; Edwards, C. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7vp27-ah504", "eprint_id": 70840, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 09:36:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:34:22", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" } ] }, "title": "W.M. Keck Institute for Space Studies Postdoctoral Fellowship Final Report", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - AFraeman_KISS_Postdoc_Report.pdf
", "date": "2016-10-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Keck Institute for Space Studies", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20161004-150149884", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161004-150149884", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" } ] }, "doi": "10.26206/8C1Z-4204", "primary_object": { "basename": "AFraeman_KISS_Postdoc_Report.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7vp27-ah504/files/AFraeman_KISS_Postdoc_Report.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Fraeman, Abigail A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jp6c1-n2g81", "eprint_id": 70402, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 18:46:32", "lastmod": "2024-02-02 21:05:57", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "B. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Anderson-F-S", "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "F. S." } }, { "id": "Andrews-Hanna-J-C", "name": { "family": "Andrews-Hanna", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Catling-D-C", "name": { "family": "Catling", "given": "D. C." } }, { "id": "Christensen-P-R", "name": { "family": "Christensen", "given": "P. R." } }, { "id": "Cohen-B-A", "name": { "family": "Cohen", "given": "B. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5896-5903" }, { "id": "Dressing-C-D", "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "C. D." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8189-0233" }, { "id": "Edwards-C-S", "name": { "family": "Edwards", "given": "C. S." } }, { "id": "Elkins-Tanton-L-T", "name": { "family": "Elkins-Tanton", "given": "L. T." } }, { "id": "Farley-K-A", "name": { "family": "Farley", "given": "K. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7846-7546" }, { "id": "Fassett-C-I", "name": { "family": "Fassett", "given": "C. I." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9155-3804" }, { "id": "Fischer-W-W", "name": { "family": "Fischer", "given": "W. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8836-3054" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Golombek-M-P", "name": { "family": "Golombek", "given": "M. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1928-2293" }, { "id": "Hamilton-V-E", "name": { "family": "Hamilton", "given": "V. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8675-2083" }, { "id": "Hayes-A-G", "name": { "family": "Hayes", "given": "A. G." } }, { "id": "Herd-C-D-K", "name": { "family": "Herd", "given": "C. D. K." } }, { "id": "Horgan-B-H", "name": { "family": "Horgan", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Hu-R", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Jakosky-B-M", "name": { "family": "Jakosky", "given": "B. M." } }, { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "J. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Kasting-J-F", "name": { "family": "Kasting", "given": "J. F." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4042-2067" }, { "id": "Kerber-L", "name": { "family": "Kerber", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Kinch-K-M", "name": { "family": "Kinch", "given": "K. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4629-8880" }, { "id": "Kite-E-S", "name": { "family": "Kite", "given": "E. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1426-1186" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "H. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "id": "Lunine-J-I", "name": { "family": "Lunine", "given": "J. I." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2279-4131" }, { "id": "Mahaffy-P-R", "name": { "family": "Mahaffy", "given": "P. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1896-1726" }, { "id": "Mangold-N", "name": { "family": "Mangold", "given": "N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0022-0631" }, { "id": "McCubbin-F-M", "name": { "family": "McCubbin", "given": "F. M." } }, { "id": "Mustard-J-F", "name": { "family": "Mustard", "given": "J. F." } }, { "id": "Niles-P-B", "name": { "family": "Niles", "given": "P. B." } }, { "id": "Quantin-Nataf-C", "name": { "family": "Quantin-Nataf", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Rice-M-S", "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "M. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "id": "Stack-K-M", "name": { "family": "Stack", "given": "K. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3444-6695" }, { "id": "Stevenson-D-J", "name": { "family": "Stevenson", "given": "D. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9432-7159" }, { "id": "Stewart-S-T", "name": { "family": "Stewart", "given": "S. T." } }, { "id": "Toplis-M-J", "name": { "family": "Toplis", "given": "M. J." } }, { "id": "Usui-T", "name": { "family": "Usui", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Weiss-B-P", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "B. P." } }, { "id": "Werner-S-C", "name": { "family": "Werner", "given": "S. C." } }, { "id": "Wordsworth-R-D", "name": { "family": "Wordsworth", "given": "R. D." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1127-8334" }, { "id": "Wray-J-J", "name": { "family": "Wray", "given": "J. J." } }, { "id": "Yingst-R-A", "name": { "family": "Yingst", "given": "R. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0628-4265" }, { "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Y. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4263-2562" }, { "id": "Zahnle-K-J", "name": { "family": "Zahnle", "given": "K. J." } } ] }, "title": "The Sustainability of Habitability on Terrestrial Planets: Insights, Questions, and Needed Measurements from Mars for Understanding the Evolution of Earth-like Worlds", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars history; Planetary evolution; Habitability; Sustainability; Terrestrial exoplanets", "note": "\u00a9 2016 American Geophysical Union. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. \n\nAccepted manuscript online: 15 September 2016; Manuscript Accepted: 13 September 2016; Manuscript Revised: 12 September 2016; Manuscript Received: 16 July 2016. \n\nOne of us (Y.L.Y.) thanks Vlada Stamenkovic for illuminating discussions of the Martian atmosphere at the KISS Workshop on Methane on Mars. As per AGU's data availability policy, this paper is a review paper and contains no new data. Thanks to two reviewers and the editor for comments that improved this manuscript.\n\nPublished - Ehlmann_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Planets.pdf
", "abstract": "What allows a planet to be both within a potentially habitable zone and sustain habitability over long geologic time? With the advent of exoplanetary astronomy and the ongoing discovery of terrestrial-type planets around other stars, our own solar system becomes a key testing ground for ideas about what factors control planetary evolution. Mars provides the solar system's longest record of the interplay of the physical and chemical processes relevant to habitability on an accessible rocky planet with an atmosphere and hydrosphere. Here we review current understanding and update the timeline of key processes in early Mars history. We then draw on knowledge of exoplanets and the other solar system terrestrial planets to identify six broad questions of high importance to the development and sustaining of habitability (unprioritized): (1) Is small planetary size fatal? (2) How do magnetic fields influence atmospheric evolution? (3) To what extent does starting composition dictate subsequent evolution, including redox processes and the availability of water and organics? (4) Does early impact bombardment have a net deleterious or beneficial influence? (5) How do planetary climates respond to stellar evolution, e.g., sustaining early liquid water in spite of a faint young Sun? (6) How important are the timescales of climate forcing and their dynamical drivers? Finally, we suggest crucial types of Mars measurements (unprioritized) to address these questions: (1) in situ petrology at multiple units/sites; (2) continued quantification of volatile reservoirs and new isotopic measurements of H, C, N, O, S, Cl, and noble gases in rocks that sample multiple stratigraphic sections; (3) radiometric age dating of units in stratigraphic sections and from key volcanic and impact units; (4) higher-resolution measurements of heat flux, subsurface structure, and magnetic field anomalies coupled with absolute age dating. Understanding the evolution of early Mars will feed forward to understanding the factors driving the divergent evolutionary paths of the Earth, Venus, and thousands of small rocky extrasolar planets yet to be discovered.", "date": "2016-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets", "volume": "121", "number": "10", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "1927-1961", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160916-124841566", "issn": "2169-9097", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160916-124841566", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/2016JE005134", "primary_object": { "basename": "Ehlmann_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Planets.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jp6c1-n2g81/files/Ehlmann_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Planets.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Ehlmann, B. L.; Anderson, F. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1vn98-jmy09", "eprint_id": 70146, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 13:06:51", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 21:52:21", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Northwood-Smith-G-W-D", "name": { "family": "Northwood-Smith", "given": "Geraint W. D." } }, { "id": "Liu-Yang", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Yang" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8155-9134" }, { "id": "Wadhwa-M", "name": { "family": "Wadhwa", "given": "Meenakshi" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9187-1255" }, { "id": "Greenberger-R-N", "name": { "family": "Greenberger", "given": "Rebecca N." } } ] }, "title": "Using VSWIR Microimaging Spectroscopy to Explore the Mineralogical Diversity of HED Meteorites", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Microimaging spectroscopy, VSWIR spectroscopy, HED meteorites, Vesta, spectral classification", "note": "\u00a9 2016 IEEE.\n\nThe research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \u00a9 2016. All rights reserved. Thanks to a JPL RTD grant to A.A.F. and a JPL PDF/RTD program grant to B.L.E. and D. Blaney for partial support of this work and to G. Rossman for providing samples.\n\nAccepted Version - afraeman_whispers_HED_spectroscopy_final.pdf
", "abstract": "We use VSWIR microimaging spectroscopy to survey the spectral diversity of HED meteorites at 80-\u03bcm/pixel spatial scale. Our goal in this work is both to explore the emerging capabilities of microimaging VSWIR spectroscopy and to contribute to understanding the petrologic diversity of the HED suite and the evolution of Vesta. Using a combination of manual and automated hyperspectral classification techniques, we identify four major classes of materials based on VSWIR absorptions that include pyroxene, olivine, Fe-bearing feldspars, and glass-bearing/featureless materials. Results show microimaging spectroscopy is an effective method for rapidly and non-destructively characterizing small compositional variations of meteorite samples and for locating rare phases for possible follow-up investigation. Future work will include incorporating SEM/EDS results to quantify sources of spectral variability and placing observations within a broader geologic framework of the differentiation and evolution of Vesta.", "date": "2016-08", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "1-5", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160902-094411611", "isbn": "9781538605905", "book_title": "2016 8th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160902-094411611", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "JPL Research and Technology Development Fund" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1109/WHISPERS.2016.8071804", "primary_object": { "basename": "afraeman_whispers_HED_spectroscopy_final.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1vn98-jmy09/files/afraeman_whispers_HED_spectroscopy_final.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Fraeman, Abigail A.; Ehlmann, Bethany L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ctwqe-jcm25", "eprint_id": 68829, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 12:45:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 15:46:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lapotre-M-G-A", "name": { "family": "Lapotre", "given": "M. G. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9941-1552" }, { "id": "Ewing-R-C", "name": { "family": "Ewing", "given": "R. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6337-610X" }, { "id": "Lamb-M-P", "name": { "family": "Lamb", "given": "M. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5701-0504" }, { "id": "Fischer-W-W", "name": { "family": "Fischer", "given": "W. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8836-3054" }, { "id": "Grotzinger-J-P", "name": { "family": "Grotzinger", "given": "J. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9324-1257" }, { "id": "Rubin-D-M", "name": { "family": "Rubin", "given": "D. M." } }, { "id": "Lewis-K-W", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "K. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3412-803X" }, { "id": "Ballard-M-J", "name": { "family": "Ballard", "given": "M. J." } }, { "id": "Daybell-M", "name": { "family": "Daybell", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Gupta-S", "name": { "family": "Gupta", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Banham-S-G", "name": { "family": "Banham", "given": "S. G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1206-1639" }, { "id": "Bridges-N-T", "name": { "family": "Bridges", "given": "N. T." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6790-6793" }, { "id": "Des-Marais-D-J", "name": { "family": "Des Marais", "given": "D. J." } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "A. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Grant-J-A", "name": { "family": "Grant", "given": "J. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8276-1281" }, { "id": "Herkenhoff-K-E", "name": { "family": "Herkenhoff", "given": "K. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3153-6663" }, { "id": "Ming-Douglas-W", "name": { "family": "Ming", "given": "D. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0567-8876" }, { "id": "Mischna-M-A", "name": { "family": "Mischna", "given": "M. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8022-5319" }, { "id": "Rice-M-S", "name": { "family": "Rice", "given": "M. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8370-4139" }, { "id": "Sumner-D-A", "name": { "family": "Sumner", "given": "D. A." } }, { "id": "Vasavada-A-R", "name": { "family": "Vasavada", "given": "A. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2665-286X" }, { "id": "Yingst-R-A", "name": { "family": "Yingst", "given": "R. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0628-4265" } ] }, "title": "Large wind ripples on Mars: A record of atmospheric evolution", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2016 American Association for the Advancement of Science. \n\n25 January 2016; accepted 31 May 2016. \n\nWe thank the MSL engineering and science teams; the Mastcam team; Malin Space Science Systems, who made the rover observations possible; and B. Ehlmann and K. Edgett for insightful comments. Data presented in this paper are archived in the Planetary Data System (pds.nasa.gov), and our compilation is available the supplementary materials (data tables S1 and S2). Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propultion Laboutatory\u2013Caltech, under a contract with NASA. Work in the United Kingdom was funded by the UK Space Agency. D.M.R. was funded by the NASA MSL Participating Scientist program, and A.A.F. by a KISS Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship and a Caltech GPS Division Texaco Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship.\n\nAccepted Version - Lapotre_et_al_CombinedPDF.pdf
Supplemental Material - aaf3206-Lapotre-SM.pdf
", "abstract": "Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter\u2013 to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that Mars hosts a third stable wind-driven bedform, with meter-scale wavelengths. These bedforms are spatially uniform in size and typically have asymmetric profiles with angle-of-repose lee slopes and sinuous crest lines, making them unlike terrestrial wind ripples. Rather, these structures resemble fluid-drag ripples, which on Earth include water-worked current ripples, but on Mars instead form by wind because of the higher kinematic viscosity of the low-density atmosphere. A reevaluation of the wind-deposited strata in the Burns formation (about 3.7 billion years old or younger) identifies potential wind-drag ripple stratification formed under a thin atmosphere.", "date": "2016-07-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Science", "volume": "353", "number": "6294", "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science", "pagerange": "55-58", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160705-124124642", "issn": "0036-8075", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160705-124124642", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA)" }, { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1126/science.aaf3206", "primary_object": { "basename": "Lapotre_et_al_CombinedPDF.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ctwqe-jcm25/files/Lapotre_et_al_CombinedPDF.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "aaf3206-Lapotre-SM.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ctwqe-jcm25/files/aaf3206-Lapotre-SM.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Lapotre, M. G. A.; Ewing, R. C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mrzpj-7tt92", "eprint_id": 68919, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 12:34:17", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 16:20:04", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Johnson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Jeffrey R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5586-4901" }, { "id": "Bell-J-F-III", "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "James F., III" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2006-4074" }, { "id": "Bender-S", "name": { "family": "Bender", "given": "Steve" } }, { "id": "Blaney-D-L", "name": { "family": "Blaney", "given": "Diana" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4267-7939" }, { "id": "Cloutis-E-A", "name": { "family": "Cloutis", "given": "Edward" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7301-0929" }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Gasnault-O", "name": { "family": "Gasnault", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6979-9012" }, { "id": "Kinch-K", "name": { "family": "Kinch", "given": "Kjartan" } }, { "id": "Le-Mou\u00e9lic-S", "name": { "family": "Le Mou\u00e9lic", "given": "St\u00e9phane" } }, { "id": "Maurice-S", "name": { "family": "Maurice", "given": "Sylvestre" } }, { "id": "Rampe-E-B", "name": { "family": "Rampe", "given": "Elizabeth" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6999-0028" }, { "id": "Vaniman-D-T", "name": { "family": "Vaniman", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7661-2626" }, { "id": "Wiens-R-C", "name": { "family": "Wiens", "given": "Roger C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3409-7344" } ] }, "title": "Constraints on iron sulfate and iron oxide mineralogy from ChemCam visible/near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy of Mt. Sharp basal units, Gale Crater, Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Mars spectroscopy, Mars remote sensing, visible/near-infrared, IR spectroscopy, ferric sulfates, iron oxides, Invited Centennial article", "note": "\u00a9 2016 Mineralogical Society of America. \n\nManuscript received September 6, 2015; Manuscript accepted January 22, 2016; First Published on July 01, 2016. \n\nManuscript handled by Janice Bishop. \n\nThis work was funded by the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist program through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (contract 1350588). The U.S. portion of ChemCam and MSL rover operations was funded by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. The French contribution to MSL is supported by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Work by K. Kinch was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research/Natural Sciences (FNU grant 12-127126). A. Fraeman is supported by Keck Institute for Space Studies and Caltech GPS division Texaco postdoctoral fellowships. The authors thank W. Farrand and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful suggestions, and to J. Bishop for valuable editorial recommendations. Relative reflectance spectra used in Figures 10, 14, and 15 are available as supplemental material.\n\nSupplemental Material - AM-16-75553.zip
", "abstract": "Relative reflectace point spectra (400\u2013840 nm) were acquired by the Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity in passive mode (no laser) of drill tailings and broken rock fragments near the rover as it entered the lower reaches of Mt. Sharp and of landforms at distances of 2\u20138 km. Freshly disturbed surfaces are less subject to the spectral masking effects of dust, and revealed spectral features consistent with the presence of iron oxides and ferric sulfates. We present the first detection on Mars of a ~433 nm absorption band consistent with small abundances of ferric sulfates, corroborated by jarosite detections by the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) X-ray diffraction instrument in the Mojave, Telegraph Peak, and Confidence Hills drilled samples. Disturbed materials near the Bonanza King region also exhibited strong 433 nm bands and negative near-infrared spectral slopes consistent with jarosite. ChemCam passive spectra of the Confidence Hills and Mojave drill tailings showed features suggestive of the crystalline hematite identified by CheMin analyses. The Windjana drill sample tailings exhibited flat, low relative reflectance spectra, explained by the occurrence of magnetite detected by CheMin. Passive spectra of Bonanza King were similar, suggesting the presence of spectrally dark and neutral minerals such as magnetite. Long-distance spectra of the \"Hematite Ridge\" feature (3\u20135 km from the rover) exhibited features consistent with crystalline hematite. The Bagnold dune field north of the Hematite Ridge area exhibited low relative reflectance and near-infrared features indicative of basaltic materials (olivine, pyroxene). Light-toned layers south of Hematite Ridge lacked distinct spectral features in the 400\u2013840 nm region, and may represent portions of nearby clay minerals and sulfates mapped with orbital near-infrared observations. The presence of ferric sulfates such as jarosite in the drill tailings suggests a relatively acidic environment, likely associated with flow of iron-bearing fluids, associated oxidation, and/or hydrothermal leaching of sedimentary rocks. Combined with other remote sensing data sets, mineralogical constraints from ChemCam passive spectra will continue to play an important role in interpreting the mineralogy and composition of materials encountered as Curiosity traverses further south within the basal layers of the Mt. Sharp complex.", "date": "2016-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "American Mineralogist", "volume": "101", "number": "7", "publisher": "Mineralogical Society of America", "pagerange": "1501-1514", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160708-102646735", "issn": "0003-004X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160708-102646735", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "1350588" }, { "agency": "Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)" }, { "agency": "Danish Council for Independent Research-Natural Sciences", "grant_number": "12-127126" }, { "agency": "Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS)" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Keck-Institute-for-Space-Studies" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.2138/am-2016-5553", "primary_object": { "basename": "AM-16-75553.zip", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mrzpj-7tt92/files/AM-16-75553.zip" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2016", "author_list": "Johnson, Jeffrey R.; Bell, James F., III; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/561rp-8ff75", "eprint_id": 68655, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 16:58:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:24:38", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Greenberger-R-N", "name": { "family": "Greenberger", "given": "Rebecca N." } }, { "id": "Mustard-J-F", "name": { "family": "Mustard", "given": "John F." } }, { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Blaney-D-L", "name": { "family": "Blaney", "given": "Diana L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4267-7939" }, { "id": "Cloutis-E-A", "name": { "family": "Cloutis", "given": "Edward A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7301-0929" }, { "id": "Wilson-Janette-H", "name": { "family": "Wilson", "given": "Janette H." } }, { "id": "Green-R-O", "name": { "family": "Green", "given": "Robert O." } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" } ] }, "title": "Imaging spectroscopy of geological samples and outcrops: Novel insights from microns to meters", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 2015 Geological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received 29 May 2015; accepted 27 Aug. 2015. \n\nWe would like to thank Headwall Photonics, Inc., especially David Bannon and Kwok Wong, for use of their hyperspectral imagers to acquire the images used in examples 1 and 2. We also thank the JPL team (Byron Van Gorp, Zakos Mouroulis, Jose Rodriguez, Mark Helmlinger, and Morgan Cable) for assistance in acquiring UCIS data in examples 3 and 4. Thanks to Mini Wadhwa (Arizona State University) for loan of the Murchison sample. Finally, we would like to thank Jerry Dickens for editorial handling and Adrian Brown and Fred Kruse for helpful reviews. Portions of this research were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.", "abstract": "Imaging spectroscopy is a powerful, non-destructive mineralogic tool that provides insights into a variety of geological processes. This remote measurement technique has been used for decades from orbital or aerial platforms to characterize surface compositions of Earth and other solar system bodies. These instruments have now been miniaturized for use in the laboratory and field, thereby enabling petrologic analyses of samples and outcrops. Here, we review the technique and present four examples showing the exciting science potential and new insights into geological processes.", "date": "2015-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "GSA Today", "volume": "25", "number": "12", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "4-10", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20160624-102748967", "issn": "1052-5173", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160624-102748967", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/GSATG252A.1", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Greenberger, Rebecca N.; Mustard, John F.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/424ep-gb448", "eprint_id": 59437, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:47:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 20:35:41", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bosanac-N", "name": { "family": "Bosanac", "given": "Natasha" } }, { "id": "Diaz-A", "name": { "family": "Diaz", "given": "Ana" } }, { "id": "Dang-Victor", "name": { "family": "Dang", "given": "Victor" } }, { "id": "Ebersohn-F", "name": { "family": "Ebersohn", "given": "Frans" } }, { "id": "Gonzalez-S", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez", "given": "Stefanie" } }, { "id": "Qi-Jay", "name": { "family": "Qi", "given": "Jay" } }, { "id": "Sweet-N", "name": { "family": "Sweet", "given": "Nicholas" } }, { "id": "Tie-Norris", "name": { "family": "Tie", "given": "Norris" } }, { "id": "Valentino-G", "name": { "family": "Valentino", "given": "Gianluca" } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Gibbings-A", "name": { "family": "Gibbings", "given": "Alison" } }, { "id": "Maddox-T", "name": { "family": "Maddox", "given": "Tyler" } }, { "id": "Nie-Chros", "name": { "family": "Nie", "given": "Chris" } }, { "id": "Rankin-J-S", "name": { "family": "Rankin", "given": "Jamie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8111-1444" }, { "id": "Rebelo-T", "name": { "family": "Rebelo", "given": "Tiago" } }, { "id": "Taylor-G", "name": { "family": "Taylor", "given": "Graeme" } } ] }, "title": "Manned sample return mission to Phobos: A technology demonstration for human exploration of Mars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 2014 IEEE.\n\nThe authors wish to express their gratitude to Nick Parziale, Jason Rabinovitch, and Dimity Nelson for organizing the 2013 Caltech Space Challenge. The authors also thank the following corporate and institute sponsors: Analytical Graphics Inc, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Orbital Sciences Corporation, Space Exploration Technologies Corp, Keck Institute for Space Studies, Division of Engineering and Applied Science at Caltech, Graduate Aerospace Laboratories of the California Institute of Technology and Moore-Hufstedler Fund for Student Life at Caltech. In addition, the authors recognize the contributions of the individual sponsors. Special thanks are also directed towards team mentors Nigel Angold, Aline Zimmer, Joe Parrish, Julie Castillo-Rogez, and Nathan Strange for their invaluable insight throughout the week; and guest speakers, Paul Abell, Buzz Aldrin, Kelley Case, Josh Hopkins, Andrew Klesh, Damon Landau, Dan Mazanek, Ron Turner and Richard Zurek for sharing their wealth of expertise and answering questions at all hours. Team Explorer also values feedback from Dan Adamo and Michelle Rucker. Finally, the authors wish to share their appreciation for use of the ELISSA software and Satellite ToolKit under an educational license.", "abstract": "In order to reduce the knowledge gap associated with long-duration human exploration of Mars, a manned precursor mission destined for one of the Martian moons is currently considered a feasible option for testing and demonstrating critical technologies within the Martian system. The 2013 Caltech Space Challenge, a student mission design competition held at the California Institute of Technology, addressed the interest in human precursor missions. Two teams of 16 students, with varying backgrounds and nationalities, were allocated five days to design a mission to land at least one human on a Martian moon and return them, along with a sample, safely to Earth with a launch date no later than January 1, 2041. This paper provides an overview of Technology Advancing Phobos Exploration and Return (TAPER-1), the manned Phobos sample return mission devised by Team Explorer. As the first manned mission to the Martian system, TAPER-1 is designed as an opposition class mission to Phobos, carrying four astronauts, with a launch date in April 2033, and a nominal time of flight of 456 days. In addition, this paper demonstrates the feasibility and value of exposing students to the process of rapid mission design.", "date": "2014-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "1-20", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150812-085519767", "isbn": "978-1-4799-5582-4", "book_title": "2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150812-085519767", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1109/AERO.2014.6836251", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2014", "author_list": "Bosanac, Natasha; Diaz, Ana; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802", "eprint_id": 27892, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:07:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-24 17:29:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ehlmann-B-L", "name": { "family": "Ehlmann", "given": "Bethany L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2745-3240" }, { "id": "Mustard-J-F", "name": { "family": "Mustard", "given": "John F." } }, { "id": "Murchie-S-L", "name": { "family": "Murchie", "given": "Scott L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1616-8751" }, { "id": "Bibring-J-P", "name": { "family": "Bibring", "given": "Jean-Pierre" } }, { "id": "Meunier-A", "name": { "family": "Meunier", "given": "Alain" } }, { "id": "Fraeman-A-A", "name": { "family": "Fraeman", "given": "Abigail A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4017-5158" }, { "id": "Langevin-Y", "name": { "family": "Langevin", "given": "Yves" } } ] }, "title": "Subsurface water and clay mineral formation during the early history of Mars", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2011 Macmillan Publisher Limited. Published online 02 November 2011. Thanks to J. Catalano and C. Fassett for detailed feedback on earlier versions of this work; to R. Arvidson, J. Carter, J. Michalski, F. Poulet and M. Vincendon for science discussions; and to the Mars Express and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter teams for their data collection efforts. \nAuthor Contributions: B.L.E. compiled the data sets and led formulation of the\nmanuscript text and figures and the concepts therein. J.F.M. contributed to the text and to the development of hypotheses and scenarios early in manuscript development.\nS.L.M. contributed to the text and figures and was instrumental in leading data set collection. J.-P.B. and A.M. contributed to formulation of key ideas in the manuscript regarding timing of clay formation relative to other events in Martian history (J.-P.B.) and methods used for assessing clay formation environment (A.M.). A.A.F and Y.L. helped with text formulation and structure, and A.A.F. provided her database with analyses of hundreds of CRISM images for incorporation.\n\nSupplemental Material - 41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM70_ESM.ppt
Supplemental Material - 41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM71_ESM.ppt
Supplemental Material - 41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM72_ESM.ppt
Supplemental Material - 41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM73_ESM.ppt
Supplemental Material - 41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM74_ESM.ppt
", "abstract": "Clay minerals, recently discovered to be widespread in Mars's Noachian terrains, indicate long-duration interaction between water and rock over 3.7 billion years ago. Analysis of how they formed should indicate what environmental conditions prevailed on early Mars. If clays formed near the surface by weathering, as is common on Earth, their presence would indicate past surface conditions warmer and wetter than at present. However, available data instead indicate substantial Martian clay formation by hydrothermal groundwater circulation and a Noachian rock record dominated by evidence of subsurface waters. Cold, arid conditions with only transient surface water may have characterized Mars's surface for over 4 billion years, since the early-Noachian period, and the longest-duration aqueous, potentially habitable environments may have been in the subsurface.", "date": "2011-11-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Nature", "volume": "479", "number": "7371", "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group", "pagerange": "53-60", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20111121-112809475", "issn": "0028-0836", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20111121-112809475", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1038/nature10582", "primary_object": { "basename": "41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM70_ESM.ppt", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802/files/41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM70_ESM.ppt" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM71_ESM.ppt", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802/files/41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM71_ESM.ppt" }, { "basename": "41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM72_ESM.ppt", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802/files/41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM72_ESM.ppt" }, { "basename": "41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM73_ESM.ppt", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802/files/41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM73_ESM.ppt" }, { "basename": "41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM74_ESM.ppt", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xrrv3-59802/files/41586_2011_BFnature10582_MOESM74_ESM.ppt" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Ehlmann, Bethany L.; Mustard, John F.; et el." } ]