[ { "id": "authors:1b1y7-nz656", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "1b1y7-nz656", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200218-151248653", "type": "article", "title": "Discovery of a Modified Tetrapolar Sexual Cycle in Cryptococcus amylolentus and the Evolution of MAT in the Cryptococcus Species Complex", "author": [ { "family_name": "Findley", "given_name": "Keisha", "clpid": "Findley-K" }, { "family_name": "Sun", "given_name": "Sheng", "clpid": "Sun-Sheng" }, { "family_name": "Fraser", "given_name": "James A.", "clpid": "Fraser-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Hsueh", "given_name": "Yen-Ping", "clpid": "Hsueh-Yen-Ping" }, { "family_name": "Averette", "given_name": "Anna Floyd", "clpid": "Averette-A-F" }, { "family_name": "Li", "given_name": "Wenjun", "clpid": "Li-Wenjun" }, { "family_name": "Dietrich", "given_name": "Fred S.", "clpid": "Dietrich-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Heitman", "given_name": "Joseph", "clpid": "Heitman-J" } ], "abstract": "Sexual reproduction in fungi is governed by a specialized genomic region called the mating-type locus (MAT). The human fungal pathogenic and basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans has evolved a bipolar mating system (a, \u03b1) in which the MAT locus is unusually large (>100 kb) and encodes >20 genes including homeodomain (HD) and pheromone/receptor (P/R) genes. To understand how this unique bipolar mating system evolved, we investigated MAT in the closely related species Tsuchiyaea wingfieldii and Cryptococcus amylolentus and discovered two physically unlinked loci encoding the HD and P/R genes. Interestingly, the HD (B) locus sex-specific region is restricted (\u223c2 kb) and encodes two linked and divergently oriented homeodomain genes in contrast to the solo HD genes (SXI1\u03b1, SXI2a) of C. neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The P/R (A) locus contains the pheromone and pheromone receptor genes but has expanded considerably compared to other outgroup species (Cryptococcus heveanensis) and is linked to many of the genes also found in the MAT locus of the pathogenic Cryptococcus species. Our discovery of a heterothallic sexual cycle for C. amylolentus allowed us to establish the biological roles of the sex-determining regions. Matings between two strains of opposite mating-types (A1B1\u00d7A2B2) produced dikaryotic hyphae with fused clamp connections, basidia, and basidiospores. Genotyping progeny using markers linked and unlinked to MAT revealed that meiosis and uniparental mitochondrial inheritance occur during the sexual cycle of C. amylolentus. The sexual cycle is tetrapolar and produces fertile progeny of four mating-types (A1B1, A1B2, A2B1, and A2B2), but a high proportion of progeny are infertile, and fertility is biased towards one parental mating-type (A1B1). Our studies reveal insights into the plasticity and transitions in both mechanisms of sex determination (bipolar versus tetrapolar) and sexual reproduction (outcrossing versus inbreeding) with implications for similar evolutionary transitions and processes in fungi, plants, and animals.", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1002528", "pmcid": "PMC3280970", "issn": "1553-7404", "publisher": "Public Library of Science", "publication": "PLOS Genetics", "publication_date": "2012-02-16", "series_number": "2", "volume": "8", "issue": "2", "pages": "Art. No. e1002528" }, { "id": "authors:jmd1m-9sg20", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "jmd1m-9sg20", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120328-120210924", "type": "article", "title": "Discovery of a Modified Tetrapolar Sexual Cycle in\n Cryptococcus amylolentus and the Evolution of MAT in the Cryptococcus Species Complex", "author": [ { "family_name": "Findley", "given_name": "Keisha", "clpid": "Findley-K" }, { "family_name": "Sun", "given_name": "Sheng", "clpid": "Sun-Sheng" }, { "family_name": "Fraser", "given_name": "James A.", "clpid": "Fraser-J-A" }, { "family_name": "Hsueh", "given_name": "Yen-Ping", "clpid": "Hsueh-Yen-Ping" }, { "family_name": "Averette", "given_name": "Anna Floyd", "clpid": "Averette-A-F" }, { "family_name": "Li", "given_name": "Wenjun", "clpid": "Li-Wenjun" }, { "family_name": "Dietrich", "given_name": "Fred S.", "clpid": "Dietrich-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Heitman", "given_name": "Joseph", "clpid": "Heitman-J" } ], "abstract": "Sexual reproduction in fungi is governed by a specialized genomic region called the mating-type locus (MAT). The human fungal pathogenic and basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans has evolved a bipolar mating system (a, \u03b1) in which the MAT locus is unusually large (>100 kb) and encodes >20 genes including homeodomain (HD) and pheromone/receptor (P/R) genes. To understand how this unique bipolar mating system evolved, we investigated MAT in the closely related species Tsuchiyaea wingfieldii and Cryptococcus amylolentus and discovered two physically unlinked loci encoding the HD and P/R genes. Interestingly, the HD (B) locus sex-specific region is restricted (~2 kb) and encodes two linked and divergently oriented homeodomain genes in contrast to the solo HD genes (SXI1\u03b1, SXI2a) of C. neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The P/R (A) locus contains the pheromone and pheromone receptor genes but has expanded considerably compared to other outgroup species (Cryptococcus heveanensis) and is linked to many of the genes also found in the MAT locus of the pathogenic Cryptococcus species. Our discovery of a heterothallic sexual cycle for C. amylolentus allowed us to establish the biological roles of the sex-determining regions. Matings between two strains of opposite mating-types (A1B1\u00d7A2B2) produced dikaryotic hyphae with fused clamp connections, basidia, and basidiospores. Genotyping progeny using markers linked and unlinked to MAT revealed that meiosis and uniparental mitochondrial inheritance occur during the sexual cycle of C. amylolentus. The sexual cycle is tetrapolar and produces fertile progeny of four mating-types (A1B1, A1B2, A2B1, and A2B2), but a high proportion of progeny are infertile, and fertility is biased towards one parental mating-type (A1B1). Our studies reveal insights into the plasticity and transitions in both mechanisms of sex determination (bipolar versus tetrapolar) and sexual reproduction (outcrossing versus inbreeding) with implications for similar evolutionary transitions and processes in fungi, plants, and animals.", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1002528", "pmcid": "PMC3280970", "issn": "1553-7390", "publisher": "Public Library of Science", "publication": "PLoS Genetics", "publication_date": "2012-02", "series_number": "2", "volume": "8", "issue": "2", "pages": "e1002528" }, { "id": "authors:h245y-2ck94", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "h245y-2ck94", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:BULprl95", "type": "article", "title": "Exclusive Electron Scattering from Deuterium at High Momentum Transfer", "author": [ { "family_name": "Bulten", "given_name": "H. J.", "clpid": "Bulten-H-J" }, { "family_name": "Anthony", "given_name": "P. L.", "clpid": "Anthony-P-L" }, { "family_name": "Arnold", "given_name": "R. G.", "clpid": "Arnold-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Arrington", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Arrington-J" }, { "family_name": "Beise", "given_name": "E. J.", "clpid": "Beise-E-J" }, { "family_name": "Belz", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Belz-E" }, { "family_name": "Van Bibber", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Van-Bibber-K" }, { "family_name": "Bosted", "given_name": "P. E.", "clpid": "Bosted-P-E" }, { "family_name": "van den Brand", "given_name": "J. F. J.", "clpid": "van-den-Brand-J-F-J" }, { "family_name": "Chapman", "given_name": "M. S.", "clpid": "Chapman-M-S" }, { "family_name": "Coulter", "given_name": "K. P.", "clpid": "Coulter-K-P" }, { "family_name": "Dietrich", "given_name": "F. S.", "clpid": "Dietrich-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Ent", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Ent-R" }, { "family_name": "Epstein", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Epstein-M" }, { "family_name": "Filippone", "given_name": "B. W.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2618-2688", "clpid": "Filippone-B-W" }, { "family_name": "Gao", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Gao-H" }, { "family_name": "Gearhart", "given_name": "R. A.", "clpid": "Gearhart-R-A" }, { "family_name": "Geesaman", "given_name": "D. F.", "clpid": "Geesaman-D-F" }, { "family_name": "Hansen", "given_name": "J.-O.", "clpid": "Hansen-J-O" }, { "family_name": "Holt", "given_name": "R. J.", "clpid": "Holt-R-J" }, { "family_name": "Jackson", "given_name": "H. E.", "clpid": "Jackson-H-E" }, { "family_name": "Jones", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Jones-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Keppel", "given_name": "C. E.", "clpid": "Keppel-C-E" }, { "family_name": "Kinney", "given_name": "E.", "clpid": "Kinney-E" }, { "family_name": "Kuhn", "given_name": "S. E.", "clpid": "Kuhn-S-E" }, { "family_name": "Lee", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Lee-K" }, { "family_name": "Lorenzon", "given_name": "W.", "clpid": "Lorenzon-W" }, { "family_name": "Lung", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Lung-A" }, { "family_name": "Makins", "given_name": "N. C. R.", "clpid": "Makins-N-C-R" }, { "family_name": "Margaziotis", "given_name": "D, J.", "clpid": "Margaziotis-D-J" }, { "family_name": "McKeown", "given_name": "R. D.", "clpid": "McKeown-R-D" }, { "family_name": "Milner", "given_name": "R. G.", "clpid": "Milner-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Mueller", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Mueller-B" }, { "family_name": "Napolitano", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Napolitano-J" }, { "family_name": "Nelson", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Nelson-J" }, { "family_name": "O'Neill", "given_name": "T. G.", "clpid": "O'Neill-T-G" }, { "family_name": "Papavassiliou", "given_name": "V.", "clpid": "Papavassiliou-V" }, { "family_name": "Petratos", "given_name": "G. G.", "clpid": "Petratos-G-G" }, { "family_name": "Potterveld", "given_name": "D. H.", "clpid": "Potterveld-D-H" }, { "family_name": "Rock", "given_name": "S. E.", "clpid": "Rock-S-E" }, { "family_name": "Spengos", "given_name": "M.", "clpid": "Spengos-M" }, { "family_name": "Szalata", "given_name": "Z. M.", "clpid": "Szalata-Z-M" }, { "family_name": "Tao", "given_name": "L. H.", "clpid": "Tao-L-H" }, { "family_name": "White", "given_name": "J. L.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8216-7212", "clpid": "White-J-L" }, { "family_name": "Zeidman", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Zeidman-B" } ], "abstract": "Cross sections are presented for the reaction 2H(e,e\u2032p)n for momentum transfers in the range 1.2\u2264Q^2\u22646.8 (GeV/c)^2 and for missing momenta from 0 to 250 MeV/c. The longitudinal-transverse interference structure function has been separated at Q^2 = 1.2 (GeV/c)^2. The observables are compared to calculations performed in nonrelativistic and relativistic frameworks. The data are best described by a fully relativistic calculation.", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4775", "issn": "0031-9007", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review Letters", "publication_date": "1995-06-12", "series_number": "24", "volume": "74", "issue": "24", "pages": "4775-4778" }, { "id": "authors:npyfj-5n646", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "npyfj-5n646", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:WALprd94", "type": "article", "title": "Measurements of the proton elastic form factors for 1\u2264Q^2\u22643 (GeV/c)^2 at SLAC", "author": [ { "family_name": "Walker", "given_name": "R. C.", "clpid": "Walker-R-C" }, { "family_name": "Filippone", "given_name": "B. W.", "orcid": "0000-0002-2618-2688", "clpid": "Filippone-B-W" }, { "family_name": "Jourdan", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Jourdan-J" }, { "family_name": "Milner", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Milner-R-G" }, { "family_name": "McKeown", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "McKeown-R-D" }, { "family_name": "Potterveld", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Potterveld-D-H" }, { "family_name": "Andivahis", "given_name": "L.", "clpid": "Andivahis-L" }, { "family_name": "Arnold", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Arnold-R-G" }, { "family_name": "Benton", "given_name": "D.", "clpid": "Benton-D" }, { "family_name": "Bosted", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "Bosted-P-E" }, { "family_name": "deChambrier", "given_name": "G.", "clpid": "deChambrier-G" }, { "family_name": "Lung", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Lung-A" }, { "family_name": "Rock", "given_name": "S. E.", "clpid": "Rock-S-E" }, { "family_name": "Szalata", "given_name": "Z. M.", "clpid": "Szalata-Z-M" }, { "family_name": "Para", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Para-A" }, { "family_name": "Dietrich", "given_name": "F.", "clpid": "Dietrich-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Van Bibber", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Van-Bibber-K" }, { "family_name": "Button-Shafer", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Button-Shafer-J" }, { "family_name": "Debebe", "given_name": "B.", "clpid": "Debebe-B" }, { "family_name": "Hicks", "given_name": "R. S.", "clpid": "Hicks-R-S" }, { "family_name": "Dasu", "given_name": "S.", "clpid": "Dasu-S" }, { "family_name": "de Barbaro", "given_name": "P.", "clpid": "de-Barbaro-P" }, { "family_name": "Bodek", "given_name": "A.", "clpid": "Bodek-A" }, { "family_name": "Harada", "given_name": "H.", "clpid": "Harada-H" }, { "family_name": "Krasny", "given_name": "M. W.", "clpid": "Krasny-M-W" }, { "family_name": "Lang", "given_name": "K.", "clpid": "Lang-K" }, { "family_name": "Riordan", "given_name": "E. M.", "clpid": "Riordan-E-M" }, { "family_name": "Gearhart", "given_name": "R.", "clpid": "Gearhart-R-A" }, { "family_name": "Whitlow", "given_name": "L. W.", "clpid": "Whitlow-L-W" }, { "family_name": "Alster", "given_name": "J.", "clpid": "Alster-J" } ], "abstract": "We report measurements of the proton form factors GEp and GMp extracted from elastic scattering in the range 1\u2264Q^2\u22643 (GeV/c)^2 with total uncertainties < 15% in GEp and < 3% in GMp. Comparisons are made to theoretical models, including those based on perturbative QCD, vector-meson dominance, QCD sum rules, and diquark constituents in the proton. The results for GEp are somewhat larger than indicated by most theoretical parametrizations, and the ratios of the Pauli and Dirac form factors Q^2(F2p / F1p) are lower in value and demonstrate a weaker Q^2 dependence than those predictions. A global extraction of the elastic form factors from several experiments in the range 0.1 0.1", "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevD.49.5671", "issn": "2470-0010", "publisher": "American Physical Society", "publication": "Physical Review D", "publication_date": "1994-06-01", "series_number": "11", "volume": "49", "issue": "11", "pages": "5671-5689" }, { "id": "authors:92f1t-94025", "collection": "authors", "collection_id": "92f1t-94025", "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150422-081510283", "type": "article", "title": "A lower limit on the mass of ^5Be", "author": [ { "family_name": "Adelberger", "given_name": "E. G.", "clpid": "Adelberger-E-G" }, { "family_name": "McDonald", "given_name": "A. B.", "clpid": "McDonald-A-B" }, { "family_name": "Tombrello", "given_name": "T. A.", "clpid": "Tombrello-T-A" }, { "family_name": "Dietrich", "given_name": "F. S.", "clpid": "Dietrich-F-S" }, { "family_name": "Nero", "given_name": "A. V.", "clpid": "Nero-A-V" } ], "abstract": "The reaction ^3He(^3He,n) has been studied at incident energies between 18.0 and 26.0 MeV to search for the \"ground state\" of ^5Be. No structure attributable to ^5Be was found, indicating that the \"ground state\" of ^5H is unbound to ^3H + 2p by at least 2.1 MeV.", "doi": "10.1016/0370-2693(67)90125-6", "issn": "0370-2693", "publisher": "Elsevier", "publication": "Physics Letters B", "publication_date": "1967-11-27", "series_number": "10", "volume": "25", "issue": "10", "pages": "595-598" } ]