[
    {
        "id": "authors:mqyw4-6hn71",
        "collection": "authors",
        "collection_id": "mqyw4-6hn71",
        "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130513-151857819",
        "type": "article",
        "title": "Structural and molecular interrogation of intact biological systems",
        "author": [
            {
                "family_name": "Chung",
                "given_name": "Kwanghun",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-8167-3340",
                "clpid": "Chung-Kwanghun"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Wallace",
                "given_name": "Jenelle",
                "clpid": "Wallace-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Kim",
                "given_name": "Sung-Yon",
                "clpid": "Kim-Sung-Yon"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Kalyanasundaram",
                "given_name": "Sandhiya",
                "clpid": "Kalyanasundaram-S"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Andalman",
                "given_name": "Aaron S.",
                "clpid": "Andalman-A-S"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Davidson",
                "given_name": "Thomas J.",
                "clpid": "Davidson-T-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mirzabekov",
                "given_name": "Julie J.",
                "clpid": "Mirzabekov-J-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Zalocusky",
                "given_name": "Kelly A.",
                "clpid": "Zalocusky-K-A"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mattis",
                "given_name": "Joanna",
                "clpid": "Mattis-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Denisin",
                "given_name": "Aleksandra K.",
                "clpid": "Denisin-A-K"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Pak",
                "given_name": "Sally",
                "clpid": "Pak-Sally"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Bernstein",
                "given_name": "Hannah",
                "clpid": "Bernstein-H"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Ramakrishnan",
                "given_name": "Charu",
                "clpid": "Ramakrishnan-C"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Grosenick",
                "given_name": "Logan",
                "clpid": "Grosenick-L"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Gradinaru",
                "given_name": "Viviana",
                "orcid": "0000-0001-5868-348X",
                "clpid": "Gradinaru-V"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Deisseroth",
                "given_name": "Karl",
                "clpid": "Deisseroth-K"
            }
        ],
        "abstract": "Obtaining high-resolution information from a complex system, while maintaining the global perspective needed to understand system function, represents a key challenge in biology. Here we address this challenge with a method (termed CLARITY) for the transformation of intact tissue into a nanoporous hydrogel-hybridized form (crosslinked to a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers) that is fully assembled but optically transparent and macromolecule-permeable. Using mouse brains, we show intact-tissue imaging of long-range projections, local circuit wiring, cellular relationships, subcellular structures, protein complexes, nucleic acids and neurotransmitters. CLARITY also enables intact-tissue in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry with multiple rounds of staining and de-staining in non-sectioned tissue, and antibody labelling throughout the intact adult mouse brain. Finally, we show that CLARITY enables fine structural analysis of clinical samples, including non-sectioned human tissue from a neuropsychiatric-disease setting, establishing a path for the transmutation of human tissue into a stable, intact and accessible form suitable for probing structural and molecular underpinnings of physiological function and disease.",
        "doi": "10.1038/nature12107",
        "pmcid": "PMC4092167",
        "issn": "0028-0836",
        "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
        "publication": "Nature",
        "publication_date": "2013-05-16",
        "series_number": "7449",
        "volume": "497",
        "issue": "7449",
        "pages": "332-337"
    }
]