

# Asimaki, Domniki


## Article from [CaltechAUTHORS](https://authors.library.caltech.edu)

- Elbanna, Ahmed and Abdelmeguid, Mohamed, el al. (2025) [Supershear Earthquakes: Their Occurrence and Importance for Seismic Hazard, Early Warning, and Design Standards](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0pf2h-mct48); Seismological Research Letters; Vol. 96; No. 6; 3319-3323; [10.1785/0220250118](https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250118)
- Oral, Elif and Ampuero, Jean Paul, el al. (2025) [Effects of Near-Fault Sedimentary Rocks and Damage on the 2019 Ridgecrest, CA Earthquake: A Rupture Impediment or a Ground Motion Booster?](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s2hzj-jvp32); Geophysical Research Letters; Vol. 52; No. 7; e2024GL112603; [10.1029/2024gl112603](https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112603)
- Ojomo, Olaide and Rathje, Ellen M., el al. (2024) [Regional earthquake-induced landslide assessments for use in seismic risk analyses of distributed gas infrastructure systems](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nhpvy-xny69); Engineering Geology; Vol. 340; 107664; [10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107664](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107664)
- Shi, Yaozhong and Lavrentiadis, Grigorios, el al. (2024) [Broadband Ground-Motion Synthesis via Generative Adversarial Neural Operators: Development and Validation](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zhw0p-94q47); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 114; No. 4; 2151-2171; [10.1785/0120230207](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230207)
- Kusanovic, Danilo and Ayoubi, Peyman, el al. (2024) [A supervised approach for improving the dimensionless frequency estimation for time‐domain simulations of building structures on embedded foundations](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w4wjz-zxn95); Earthquake Engineering &amp; Structural Dynamics; [10.1002/eqe.4137](https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4137)
- Nguyen, Kien T. and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2023) [Frequency- and deformation-dependent macroelement model for dynamic axial soil-buried structure interaction in time domain](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r2cqv-66d27); Computers and Geotechnics; Vol. 164; 105773; [10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105773](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105773)
- Kusanovic, Danilo S. and Taborda, Ricardo, el al. (2023) [Soil-Structure Interaction Effects on a Regional Scale through Ground-Motion Simulations and Reduced Order Models: A Case Study from the 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills Mainshock](https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1warb-p1711); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 113; No. 6; 2557-2573; [10.1785/0120220241](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220241)
- Carey, Trevor J. and Mason, H. Benjamin, el al. (2023) [The 2022 Chihshang, Taiwan, Earthquake: Initial GEER Team Observations](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230425-250392700.3); Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering; Vol. 149; No. 5; Art. No. 02823002; [10.1061/jggefk.gteng-11522](https://doi.org/10.1061/jggefk.gteng-11522)
- Bullock, Zach and Zimmaro, Paolo, el al. (2023) [A latent Gaussian process model for the spatial distribution of liquefaction manifestation](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230613-724210400.1); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 39; No. 2; 1189-1213; [10.1177/87552930231163894](https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231163894)
- Kusanovic, Danilo S. and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2023) [Seismo-VLAB: An open-source finite element software for seismic meso-scale simulations](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230221-19480300.46); SoftwareX; Vol. 21; Art. No. 101300; [10.1016/j.softx.2022.101300](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2022.101300)
- Ebrahimian, Hamed and Taha, Abdelrahman, el al. (2022) [Estimation of Soil-Structure Model Parameters for the Millikan Library Building Using a Sequential Bayesian Finite Element Model Updating Technique](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230404-258305700.9); Buildings; Vol. 13; Art. No. 28; [10.3390/buildings13010028](https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010028)
- Oral, Elif and Ampuero, Jean Paul, el al. (2022) [A Method to Generate Initial Fault Stresses for Physics-Based Ground-Motion Prediction Consistent with Regional Seismicity](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221219-416589000.12); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 112; No. 6; 2812-2827; [10.1785/0120220064](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220064)
- Oral, Elif and Ayoubi, Peyman, el al. (2022) [Kathmandu Basin as a local modulator of seismic waves: 2-D modelling of non-linear site response under obliquely incident waves](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220920-62768000); Geophysical Journal International; Vol. 231; No. 3; 1996-2008; [10.1093/gji/ggac302](https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac302)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and González-Carbajal, Javier, el al. (2022) [Analytical 1D transfer functions for layered soils](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221024-225625834); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 163; No. Art.107532; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107532](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107532)
- Nguyen, Kien T. and Kusanovic, Danilo S., el al. (2022) [Dynamic soil impedance functions for cylindrical structures buried in elastic half-space](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220803-536012000); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 162; Art. No. 107431; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107431](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107431)
- Bas, Elif Ecem and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2022) [P- and S-wave velocity estimation by ensemble Kalman inversion of dispersion data for strong motion stations in California](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220804-250008000); Geophysical Journal International; Vol. 231; No. 1; 536-551; [10.1093/gji/ggac201](https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac201)
- Nguyen, Kien T. and Kusanovic, Danilo S., el al. (2022) [Three‐dimensional nonlinear soil–structure interaction for Rayleigh wave incidence in layered soils](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220708-315781900); Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics; Vol. 51; No. 11; 2752-2770; [10.1002/eqe.3700](https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3700)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2022) [Application of ray methods to one-dimensional site response of inhomogeneous soil deposits](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220823-628154700.753); Géotechnique; [10.1680/jgeot.21.00164](https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.21.00164)
- Tsai, Chi-Chin and Liu, Hsing-Wen, el al. (2022) [Predicting Vₚ and constrained modulus reduction curve based on Vₛ and shear modulus reduction curve in accordance with poroelastic theory](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220616-956471100); Géotechnique; [10.1680/jgeot.21.00143](https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.21.00143)
- Florez, Manuel A. and Caporale, Michaelangelo, el al. (2022) [Data-Driven Synthesis of Broadband Earthquake Ground Motions Using Artificial Intelligence](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220823-628154700.754); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 112; No. 4; 1979-1996; [10.1785/0120210264](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120210264)
- Kusanovic, Danilo S. and Seylabi, Elnaz E., el al. (2021) [Optimization of frequency domain impedances for time-domain response analyses of building structures with rigid shallow foundations](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200220-133401533); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 37; No. 3; 1955-1979; [10.1177/8755293020981994](https://doi.org/10.1177/8755293020981994)
- Garcia-Suarez, J. and Asimaki, D., el al. (2021) [Applications of the J-integral to dynamical problems in geotechnical engineering](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210216-140504716); Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids; Vol. 150; Art. No. 104353; [10.1016/j.jmps.2021.104353](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2021.104353)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2021) [Seismic harmonic response of inhomogeneous soil: scaling analysis](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210517-100803191); Géotechnique; Vol. 71; No. 5; 392-405; [10.1680/jgeot.19.p.042](https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.042)
- Ayoubi, Peyman and Mohammadi, Kami, el al. (2021) [A systematic analysis of basin effects on surface ground motion](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210204-105035105); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 141; Art. No. 106490; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106490](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106490)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and Seylabi, Elnaz, el al. (2021) [Linear one-dimensional site response analysis in the presence of stiffness-less free surface for certain power-law heterogeneities](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200624-131552385); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 141; Art. No. 106530
- Seylabi, Elnaz and Restrepo, Doriam, el al. (2021) [Deterministic ground motion simulations with shallow crust nonlinearity at Garner Valley in Southern California](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201103-122115068); Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics; Vol. 50; No. 1; 43-59; [10.1002/eqe.3360](https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3360)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and Asimaki, Domniki (2020) [Exact seismic response of smooth rigid retaining walls resting on stiff soil](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200218-145423730); International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics; Vol. 44; No. 13; 1750-1769; [10.1002/nag.3082](https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3082)
- El Gilder, Charlotte and Pokhrel, Rama Mohan, el al. (2020) [SAFER geodatabase for the Kathmandu Valley: Geotechnical and geological variability](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200831-095524760); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 36; No. 3; 1549-1569; [10.1177/8755293019899952](https://doi.org/10.1177/8755293019899952)
- Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin and Asimaki, Domniki (2020) [On the fundamental resonant mode of inhomogeneous soil deposits](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200218-142951230); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 135; Art. No. 106190; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106190](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106190)
- Seylabi, Elnaz and Stuart, Andrew M., el al. (2020) [Site Characterization at Downhole Arrays by Joint Inversion of Dispersion Data and Acceleration Time Series](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200506-121245893); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 110; No. 3; 1323-1337; [10.1785/0120190256](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120190256)
- Nguyen, Kien T. and Asimaki, Domniki (2020) [Smooth Nonlinear Hysteresis Model for Coupled Biaxial Soil-Pipe Interaction in Sandy Soils](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200514-145101649); Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering; Vol. 146; No. 6; Art. No. 04020035; [10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002230](https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002230)
- Asimaki, Domniki and Mohammadi, Kami, el al. (2020) [Investigating the spatial variability of ground motions during the 2017 Mw 7.1 Puebla-Mexico City earthquake via idealized simulations of basin effects](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200207-102104947); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 132; Art. no. 106073; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106073](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106073)
- Mayoral, J. M. and Asimaki, D., el al. (2019) [Site effects in Mexico City basin: Past and present](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190329-083647876); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 121; 369-382; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.02.028](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.02.028)
- Jeong, Seokho and Asimaki, Domniki, el al. (2019) [How topography-dependent are topographic effects? Complementary numerical modeling of centrifuge experiments](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181115-142914482); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 116; 654-667; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.10.028](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.10.028)
- Asimaki, Domniki and Mohammadi, Kami (2018) [On the complexity of seismic waves trapped in irregular topographies](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180807-130938280); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 114; 424-437; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.07.020](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.07.020)
- Shi, Jian and Asimaki, Domniki (2018) [A Generic Velocity Profile for Basin Sediments in California Conditioned on V_(S30)](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180523-153705346); Seismological Research Letters; Vol. 89; No. 4; 1397-1409; [10.1785/0220170268](https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170268)
- Régnier, Julie and Asimaki, Dominiki, el al. (2018) [PRENOLIN: International Benchmark on 1D Nonlinear Site‐Response Analysis—Validation Phase Exercise](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180124-083817416); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 108; No. 2; 876-900; [10.1785/0120170210](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120170210)
- Ebrahimian, Hamed and Kohler, Monica D., el al. (2018) [Parametric estimation of dispersive viscoelastic layered media with application to structural health monitoring](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180314-105013814); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 105; 204-223; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.10.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.10.017)
- Asimaki, Domniki and Mohammadi, Kami, el al. (2017) [Observations and Simulations of Basin Effects in the Kathmandu Valley During the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake Sequence](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180809-111909145); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 33; No. S1; S35-S53; [10.1193/013117EQS022M](https://doi.org/10.1193/013117EQS022M)
- Rajaure, S. and Asimaki, D., el al. (2017) [Characterizing the Kathmandu Valley sediment response through strong motion recordings of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake sequence](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170509-141502347); Tectonophysics; Vol. 714-715; 146-157; [10.1016/j.tecto.2016.09.030](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.09.030)
- Shi, Jian and Asimaki, Domniki (2017) [From Stiffness to Strength: Formulation and Validation of a Hybrid Hyperbolic Nonlinear Soil Model for Site‐Response Analyses](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170404-150827374); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 107; No. 3; 1336-1355; [10.1785/0120150287](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150287)
- Rai, Manisha and Rodriguez-Marek, Adrian, el al. (2016) [Topographic proxies from 2-D numerical analyses](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161109-082112057); Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 14; No. 11; 2959-2975; [10.1007/s10518-016-9933-4](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-9933-4)
- Régnier, Julie and Asimaki, Domniki, el al. (2016) [International Benchmark on Numerical Simulations for 1D, Nonlinear Site Response (PRENOLIN): Verification Phase Based on Canonical Cases](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161222-090304683); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 106; No. 5; 2112-2135; [10.1785/0120150284](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150284)
- Moss, Robb E. S. and Thompson, Eric M., el al. (2015) [Geotechnical Effects of the 2015 Magnitude 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake and Aftershocks](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151204-092729660); Seismological Research Letters; Vol. 86; No. 6; 1514-1523; [10.1785/0220150158](https://doi.org/10.1785/0220150158)
- Zacharenaki, Athanasia and Fragiadakis, Michalis, el al. (2014) [Bias assessment in Incremental Dynamic Analysis due to record scaling](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150212-100529768); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 67; 158-168; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.09.007](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.09.007)
- Assimaki, D. and Jeong, S. (2013) [Ground-Motion Observations at Hotel Montana during the M 7.0 2010 Haiti Earthquake: Topography or Soil Amplification?](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-134021129); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 103; No. 5; 2577-2590; [10.1785/0120120242](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120242)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Li, Wei, el al. (2012) [Site Effects in Structural Response Predictions of Inelastic SDOF Oscillators](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140904-162809518); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 28; No. 3; 859-883; [10.1193/1.4000056](https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000056)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Ledezma, Christian, el al. (2012) [Site Effects and Damage Patterns](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-132003857); Earthquake Spectra; Vol. 28; No. S1; S55-S74; [10.1193/1.4000029](https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000029)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Li, Wei (2012) [Site- and ground motion dependent nonlinear effects in seismological model predictions](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140904-161304282); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 32; No. 1; 143-151; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.06.013](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.06.013)
- Assimaki, D. and Li, W., el al. (2011) [A Wavelet-based Seismogram Inversion Algorithm for the In Situ Characterization of Nonlinear Soil Behavior](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140904-163138474); Pure and Applied Geophysics; Vol. 168; No. 10; 1669-1691; [10.1007/s00024-010-0198-6](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0198-6)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Kausel, Eduardo, el al. (2010) [Model for Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping for Granular Soils](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-140555218); Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering; Vol. 126; No. 10; 859-869; [10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:10(859)](https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:10(859))
- Li, W. and Assimaki, D. (2010) [Site- and Motion-Dependent Parametric Uncertainty of Site-Response Analyses in Earthquake Simulations](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140904-160952252); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 100; No. 3; 954-968; [10.1785/0120090030](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090030)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Li, Wei, el al. (2008) [Quantifying Nonlinearity Susceptibility via Site-Response Modeling Uncertainty at Three Sites in the Los Angeles Basin](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140828-163417572); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 98; No. 5; 2364-2390; [10.1785/0120080031](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080031)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Li, Wei, el al. (2008) [Site Amplification and Attenuation via Downhole Array Seismogram Inversion: A Comparative Study of the 2003 Miyagi-Oki Aftershock Sequence](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140828-164055754); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 98; No. 1; 301-330; [10.1785/0120070030](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070030)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Kausel, Eduardo (2007) [Modified Topographic Amplification Factors for a Single Faced Slope due to Kinematic Soil-Structure Interaction](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140828-161953655); Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering; Vol. 133; No. 11; 1414-1431; [10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:11(1414)](https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:11(1414))
- Assimaki, Dominic and Kausel, Eduardo, el al. (2005) [Wave propagation and soil–structure interaction on a cliff crest during the 1999 Athens Earthquake](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-135451772); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 25; No. 7-10; 513-527; [10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.031](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.031)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Gazetas, George, el al. (2005) [Effects of Local Soil Conditions on the Topographic Aggravation of Seismic Motion: Parametric Investigation and Recorded Field Evidence from the 1999 Athens Earthquake](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-133617423); Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; Vol. 95; No. 3; 1059-1089; [10.1785/0120040055](https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040055)
- Assimaki, D. and Gazetas, G. (2004) [Soil and Topographic Amplification on Canyon Banks and the 1999 Athens Earthquake](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-132944755); Journal of Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 8; No. 1; 1-43; [10.1142/S1363246904001250](https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363246904001250)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Kausel, Eduardo (2002) [An equivalent linear algorithm with frequency- and pressure-dependent moduli and damping for the seismic analysis of deep sites](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-134438693); Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering; Vol. 22; No. 9-12; 959-965; [10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00120-3](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00120-3)
- Assimaki, Dominic and Kausel, Eduardo, el al. (2000) [Model for Dynamic Shear Modules and Damping for Granular Soils](https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-135902738); Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering; Vol. 126; No. 10; 859-869; [10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:10(859)](https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:10(859))
