[
    {
        "id": "thesis:11481",
        "collection": "thesis",
        "collection_id": "11481",
        "cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04222019-151834122",
        "type": "thesis",
        "title": "Metasurfaces: Beyond Diffractive and Refractive Optics",
        "author": [
            {
                "family_name": "Arbabi",
                "given_name": "Ehsan",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-5328-3863",
                "clpid": "Arbabi-Ehsan"
            }
        ],
        "thesis_advisor": [
            {
                "family_name": "Faraon",
                "given_name": "Andrei",
                "clpid": "Faraon-A"
            }
        ],
        "thesis_committee": [
            {
                "family_name": "Hajimiri",
                "given_name": "Ali",
                "clpid": "Hajimiri-A"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Vahala",
                "given_name": "Kerry J.",
                "clpid": "Vahala-K-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Yariv",
                "given_name": "Amnon",
                "clpid": "Yariv-A"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Tai",
                "given_name": "Yu-Chong",
                "clpid": "Tai-Yu-Chong"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Faraon",
                "given_name": "Andrei",
                "clpid": "Faraon-A"
            }
        ],
        "local_group": [
            {
                "literal": "Kavli Nanoscience Institute"
            },
            {
                "literal": "div_eng"
            }
        ],
        "abstract": "<p>Optical metasurfaces are a category of thin diffractive optical elements, fabricated using the standard micro- and nano-fabrication techniques. They provide new ways of controlling the flow of light based on various properties such as polarization, wavelength, and propagation direction. In addition, their compatibility with standard micro-fabrication techniques and compact form factor allows for the development of several novel platforms for the design and implementation of various complicated optical elements and systems. In this thesis, I first give a short overview and a brief history of the works on optical metasurfaces. Then I discuss the capabilities of metasurfaces in controlling the polarization and phase of light, and showcase their potential applications through the cases of polarimetric imaging and vectorial holography. Then, a discussion of the chromatic dispersion in optical metasurfaces is given, followed by three methods that can be utilized to design metasurfaces working at multiple discrete wavelengths. As a potential application of such metasurfaces, I present results of using them as objective lenses in two-photon microscopy. In addition, I discuss how metasurfaces enable the at-will control of chromatic dispersion in diffractive optical elements, demonstrate metasurfaces with controlled dispersion, and provide a discussion of their limitations. Integration of multiple metasurfaces into <i>metasystems</i> allows for implementation of complicated optical functions such as imaging and spectrometry. In this regard, I present several examples of how such metasystems can be designed, fabricated, and utilized to provide wide field of view imaging and projection, microelectromechanically tunable lenses, optical spectrometers, and retroreflectors. I conclude with an outlook on where metasurfaces can be most useful, and what limitations should be overcome before they can find wide-spread application.</p>",
        "doi": "10.7907/EQEY-KZ52",
        "publication_date": "2019",
        "thesis_type": "phd",
        "thesis_year": "2019"
    }
]