[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b78py-pfk53", "eprint_id": 120800, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:51:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 18:00:23", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Friedman-Martin-E", "name": { "family": "Friedman", "given": "Martin E." } }, { "id": "Whitcomb-James-H", "name": { "family": "Whitcomb", "given": "James H." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Hileman-James-A", "name": { "family": "Hileman", "given": "James A." } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity of the Southern California region: 1 January 1972 to 31 December 1974", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published 1976 by the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, with assistance from the Earthquake Research Affiliates.\n\n
Accepted Version - TR000584.pdf
", "abstract": "This listing of earthquakes and epicenter maps is an update to the southern California local earthquake catalog published in Seismicity of the Southern California Region 1 January 1932 to 31 December 1972 by Hileman et al. (1973). Earthquakes in 1972 are relisted here because of numerous additions that resulted from an intensive study of seismicity in the Los Angeles basin. The basic seismological data was obtained from the southern California network of the Seismological Laboratory.", "date": "2023-04-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20230413-162732387", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230413-162732387", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2734", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "TR000584.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b78py-pfk53/files/TR000584.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2023", "author_list": "Friedman, Martin E.; Whitcomb, James H.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2372c-m2y06", "eprint_id": 120719, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:15:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:58:10", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hileman-James-A", "name": { "family": "Hileman", "given": "James A." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-John-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "John M." } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity of the Southern California region: 1 January 1932 to 31 December 1972", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published - TR000583.pdf
", "abstract": "The purpose of this volume is to present the basic seismological data obtained by the southern California network of the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, from 1 January 1932 to 31 December 1972. \n\nIt is essentially a summary local bulletin for the entire 41-year period during which the Laboratory has been systematically locating earthquakes in the southern California region, encompassing some 15,340 events. As such,\nit repeats much information contained in earlier local bulletins that were compiled and issued in a variety of formats from 1934 through 1967, although this material has now been considerably modified and up-dated, and much additional information such as epicenter maps and recurrence curves has been added. The 1967 to 1972 listings, as well as those of 1932 and 1933, are presented herein for the first time. A much more incomplete catalog going back to October of 1926, without specific epicentral coordinates and without magnitudes, is available for reference at the Seismological Laboratory. Prior to that time, the best systematic listing is that by Townley and Allen (1939), based primarily on felt reports.", "date": "2023-04-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20230411-215631998", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230411-215631998", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2385", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "TR000583.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2372c-m2y06/files/TR000583.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2023", "author_list": "Hileman, James A.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/we90v-23d12", "eprint_id": 46538, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:37:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 19:49:36", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Richter-C-F", "name": { "family": "Richter", "given": "Charles F." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-J-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "John M." } }, { "id": "Taylor-V", "name": { "family": "Taylor", "given": "Violet" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Local Bulletin of Earthquakes in the Southern California Region 1 January 1963 to 31 December 1966", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published with the assistance of the Earthquake Research Affiliates\n\nSubmitted - Local_Bulletin_of_Earthquakes_in_the_Southern_California_Region.pdf
", "abstract": "The Local Bulletin of the Pasadena Seismological Laboratory has been issued regularly since the beginning of 1934, and the present Bulletin covers the four-year period from 1 January 1963 to 31 December 1966.", "date": "2014-07-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140626-144927682", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140626-144927682", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Local_Bulletin_of_Earthquakes_in_the_Southern_California_Region.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/we90v-23d12/files/Local_Bulletin_of_Earthquakes_in_the_Southern_California_Region.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "2014", "author_list": "Richter, Charles F.; Nordquist, John M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0c3kh-1at50", "eprint_id": 51096, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:09:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 16:02:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Robert Phillip Sharp, 1911-2014 - a Biographical Memoir", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2010 National Academy of Sciences.\n\nPublished - Sharp_Robert.pdf
", "abstract": "One of the leading figures of American geology,\nRobert P. Sharp, died peacefully at age 92 in his home at Santa Barbara, California, on May 25, 2004. Sharp's multitude of contributions on the physical processes that have modified the surface of Earth, as well as Mars, are true scientific classics. They have substantially enhanced our understanding of the unique roles of water, wind, and ice in modifying planetary surfaces. Virtually an equal contribution was Sharp's leadership and vision in geological academia and his spawning of a generation of students who have become scientific leaders themselves.", "date": "2010", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Biographical Memoirs", "publisher": "National Academy of Sciences", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141031-072312649", "issn": "0077-2933", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141031-072312649", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Sharp_Robert.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0c3kh-1at50/files/Sharp_Robert.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2010", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3y2d-krj07", "eprint_id": 45773, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 03:34:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 18:27:15", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Stevenson-D-J", "name": { "family": "Stevenson", "given": "David J." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9432-7159" } ] }, "title": "Robert Phillip Sharp", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2005 American Institute of Physics.\n\nPublished - 1.1995761.pdf
", "abstract": "Robert Phillip Sharp, one of the\nleading figures of American geology,\ndied peacefully in his home in\nSanta Barbara, California, on 25 May\n2004. Bob's enormous contributions\non the physical processes that have\nmodified the surfaces of Earth and\nMars are scientific classics that have\nsubstantially enhanced our understanding\nof the unique roles of water,\nwind, and ice in modifying planetary\nsurfaces. Virtually an equal contribution\nwas Bob's vision and leadership\nin geological academia, primarily at\nCaltech.", "date": "2005-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics Today", "volume": "58", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "84-85", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140515-135816711", "issn": "0031-9228", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140515-135816711", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1995761", "primary_object": { "basename": "1.1995761.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3y2d-krj07/files/1.1995761.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "2005", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Stevenson, David J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9fqpz-8jv34", "eprint_id": 98480, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:22:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:24:08", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Cluff-L-S", "name": { "family": "Cluff", "given": "Lloyd S." } } ] }, "title": "Active Faults in Dam Foundations: An Update", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering. \n\nThe authors appreciate the helpful comments and permissions to publish by J. Ake, L. Anderson, A. Areta, K. Cato, P.F. Foster, M. Gillon, J. Lowe, III, and D. Lukesh.\n\nPublished - 2490.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper updates the 1974 Geotechnique paper on the same subject by Sherard, Cluff, and Allen. Geologists and seismologists are now able to recognize the presence of, and assess the degree of activity of, faults in dam foundations far more effectively than only a few years ago, thanks to a variety of new neotectonic tools. Similarly, engineers are increasingly able to accept possible foundation displacements with a variety of innovative measures in dam design. Brief case studies of faults beneath dams are presented, and some mitigative measures are described, for Auburn Dam site (USA), Clyde Dam (New Zealand), Eastside Reservoir USA), Lauro Dam (USA), Matahina Dam (New Zealand), Ridgway Dam (USA), Seven Oaks Dam (USA), Steno Dam site (Greece), and Tarbela Dam (Pakistan).", "date": "2000-02", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering", "place_of_pub": "Upper Hutt, New Zealand", "pagerange": "Art. No. 2490", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-100415041", "isbn": "9780958215435", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-100415041", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "2490.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9fqpz-8jv34/files/2490.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Cluff, Lloyd S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yf4tg-f7f77", "eprint_id": 49524, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:28:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:30:35", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Cluff-L-S", "name": { "family": "Cluff", "given": "Lloyd S." } }, { "id": "Barrows-A-G-Jr", "name": { "family": "Barrows", "given": "Allan G., Jr." } } ] }, "title": "Evidence for Unusually Strong Near-field Ground Motion on the Hanging Wall of the San Fernando Fault during the 1971 Earthquake", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1998 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - 524.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Reports of unusually intense ground motions in the very near fields of faults that have ruptured during earthquakes are becoming more common, particularly with the markedly increased worldwide strong-motion instrumentation in recent years (e.g., Heaton and Wald, 1994). The reported ground motions are sufficiently strong to have significant potential engineering impact (Hall et al., 1995). In addition to fault proximity, two other factors that have contributed to unusually high strong motions are rupture directivity (e.g., Somerville et al., 1997) and locations on the hanging walls of thrust faults (e.g., Nason, 1973; Abrahamson and Somerville, 1996; Brune, 1996a; Brune, 1996b). Perhaps nowhere has the sharp distinction between damage on the hanging wall and footwall of a thrust fault been more dramatically documented than during the 1945 Mikawa earthquake, Japan (Iida, 1985).", "date": "1998-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Seismological Research Letters", "volume": "69", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "524-531", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-092137385", "issn": "0895-0695", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-092137385", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1785/gssrl.69.6.524", "primary_object": { "basename": "524.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yf4tg-f7f77/files/524.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1998", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Brune, James N.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3tq9s-kj254", "eprint_id": 6607, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 10:34:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 20:25:49", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake Hazard Assessment: Has Our Approach Been Modified in the Light of Recent Earthquakes?", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Faults; earthquake hazard analysis; blind thrust, Earthquake hazards; assessment, Probability theory; earthquake hazard analysis, Seismology; earthquake hazard assessment, Geology; earthquake hazard assessment, Seismology -- Seismicity, Earthquake Risk", "note": "\u00a9 1995 Copyright Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. \n\nAddress of Clarence R. Allen as EERI's Distinguished Lectureer for 1995.", "abstract": "This may be an historic event for many of you. It will be the first time that you have ever heard a geologist give a talk related to earthquakes that was not replete with Kodachrome slides of cracks in the ground and maps of active faults, or at least of \"allegedly\" active faults, or \"potentially\" active faults or even \"possibly\" active faults! But I would like to go beyond the detailed discussion of individual earthquakes this afternoon, and instead discuss the broader problem of whether our studies of numerous recent earthquakes -- here and abroad -- are leading to modifications in our hazard assessment techniques, speaking from the point of view of a geologist or seismologist. I emphasize that I make no pretext of speaking for either the geotechnical or structural engineers. \n\nYou already know, of course, the answer posed by the title. It's both \"yes\" and \"no\". And I would like to focus on the question of: In what scientific areas, in particular, are our approaches changing, and in what areas do the traditional methods remain credible?", "date": "1995-08-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Spectra", "volume": "11", "number": "3", "publisher": "Earthquake Spectra", "pagerange": "357-366", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:ALLes95", "issn": "8755-2930", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ALLes95", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "ALLes95.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3tq9s-kj254/files/ALLes95.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rpm8n-ga150", "eprint_id": 53731, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:43:22", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:09:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Press-F", "name": { "family": "Press", "given": "Frank" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence" } } ] }, "title": "Patterns of seismic release in the southern California region", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1995 by the American Geophysical Union.\n\nPaper number 95JB00316.\n\nReceived August 5, 1994; revised December 20, 1994;\naccepted January 26, 1995.\n\nWe thank Bernard Minster, Mark Zoback,\nV. I. Keilis-Borok, Barbara Romanowicz, and Selwyn Sacks for\ntheir helpful advice. Reviewers Albert Hsui, Lucy Jones, and an anonymous reviewer made valuable suggestions which helped us\nimprove the paper. Lucy Jones provided us with the aftershock free\ncatalog of southern California earthquakes. F.P. is grateful for\nsupport as a Fairchild Scholar at Caltech. Contribution 5511 Division\nof Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of\nTechnology.\n\nPublished - jgrb10007.pdf
", "abstract": "Southern California experiences earthquakes on the San Andreas system of vertical right-lateral predominantly strike-slip faults and on a second system of faults that includes thrusts, oblique-slip, left-lateral, and other faults. Pattern recognition and cluster analysis are used to analyze the catalog of earthquakes with magnitudes \u22655.5 from 1915 to 1994. We use pattern recognition to find a suite of traits that would characterize each of these two systems and distinguish them from each other. Both pattern recognition and cluster analysis show that epochs of seismic release occur in which one or the other system is the predominant form of earthquake activity. For the past 2 decades the second system has been the active one. Small changes in the direction of plate movements could account for this phenomenon. Seismic release on the San Andreas system is preceded by episodes of activity in the Great Basin or in the Gulf of California. Presumably, these episodes would represent extension in the former region and spreading and slip on transform faults in the latter.", "date": "1995-04-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research B", "volume": "100", "number": "B4", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "6421-6430", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-141658943", "issn": "0148-0227", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-141658943", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "5511", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/95JB00316", "primary_object": { "basename": "jgrb10007.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rpm8n-ga150/files/jgrb10007.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Press, Frank and Allen, Clarence" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/65g8c-59x95", "eprint_id": 49546, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:22:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:31:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Zhuoli-L", "name": { "family": "Zhuoli", "given": "Luo" } }, { "id": "Hong-Q", "name": { "family": "Hong", "given": "Qian" } }, { "id": "Xueze-W", "name": { "family": "Xueze", "given": "Wen" } }, { "id": "Huawei-Z", "name": { "family": "Huawei", "given": "Zhou" } }, { "id": "Weishi-H", "name": { "family": "Weishi", "given": "Huang" } } ] }, "title": "Field study of a highly active fault zone: The Xianshuihe fault of southwestern China", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1991 Geological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received by the Society October 17, 1988; Revised manuscript received October 15, 1990; Manuscript accepted March 5, 1991.\n\nThis study was carried out under the protocol\nfor scientific and technical cooperation in earthquake\nstudies between the State Seismological\nBureau of the People's Republic of China and\nthe U.S. Geological Survey and the National\nScience Foundation. The field study was sponsored\nby the Seismological Bureau of Sichuan\nProvince, and we appreciate the assistance of Li\nXinghai and Zhou Xinghe in making the multitude\nof arrangements that were necessary. We\nare indebted to the many geologists of the\nSichuan Bureau who accompanied us in the\nfield and contributed markedly to the study.\nPrincipal among these were Huang Shengmu,\nZhang Wenpu, Liu Benpei, and Yang Xinxiao.\nField work was carried out with the generous\nhelp of administrative authorities in Luhuo,\nDaofu, and Kangding Counties. We especially\nappreciate the efforts of Ding Guoyu of the State\nSeismological Bureau in encouraging and supporting\nthe study. American participation was\nsupported by U.S. Geological Survey Grant No.\n14-08-0001-G1088.", "abstract": "The Xianshuihe fault of western Sichuan Province, China, is one of the world's most active faults, having produced 4 earthquakes during this century of magnitude \u22657 along a 350-km length of the fault. At least 8 such events have occurred since 1725. In the more limited 150-km-long segment including Luhuo and Daofu, major earthquakes in 1904, 1923, 1973, and 1981 (M = 7, 7\u00bd, 7.6, 6.9) were associated with overlapping surficial fault ruptures and with individual left-lateral displacements as large as 3.6 m. Field studies indicate that this high degree of activity is typical of the fault's longer-term history. The Holocene left-lateral slip rate on the north-western segment of the fault has been 15 \u00b1 5 mm/yr, decreasing to about 5 mm/yr on its southeastern segment, based on radiometrically dated offset stream-channel and terrace deposits and on offset glacial moraines.\n\nPhysiographic features of active faulting are fully as diagrammatic as those of California's San Andreas fault, mainly because of high-altitude preservation and the absence of cultural modification on this eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Detailed en echelon tensional and pushup features resulting from surface ruptures in 1973, 1955, 1923, and 1893 can still be recognized today, and new data have been collected bearing on the offsets and fault-rupture lengths during these and other events.\n\nThe locations and magnitudes of historic earthquakes suggest that the characteristic earthquake model may apply to the Xianshuihe fault. Obvious geometric segmentation of the fault has controlled the initiation and termination of ruptures in some events, whereas segmentation control for others remains obscure. Based on the historic record, repeat times estimated from slip rates, and current seismic gaps, two segments are particularly likely sites for M = 7+ earthquakes in the near future: the 65-km-long segment between Daofu and Qianning, and the 135-km-long segment bracketing Kangding. Continuing creep has been documented along some segments of the fault, and this, together with the high degree of activity and other unique attributes, makes the Xianshuihe fault one of the most promising sites in the world for earthquake prediction and hazard-evaluation studies.", "date": "1991-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "103", "number": "9", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "1178-1199", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-124841364", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-124841364", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-G1088" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4498", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1178:FSOAHA>2.3.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Zhuoli, Luo; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0bcq1-4p035", "eprint_id": 49547, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 07:52:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:32:03", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Huilan-Z", "name": { "family": "Huilan", "given": "Zhou" } }, { "id": "Kanamori-H", "name": { "family": "Kanamori", "given": "Hiroo" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8219-9428" }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Analysis of complex earthquakes and source processes of Longling", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1991 International Academic Publishers.\n\nWe thank Prof. B. A. Bolt for providing the seismogram of BKS. We thank Dr. T. Lay for useful\ndiscussion. This research was supported by U. S. Geological Survey Contract 14-08-0001-21223 and by\nthe Earthquake Research Affiliates of the California Institute of Technology.", "abstract": "In this paper, Kikuchi and Kanamori's inversion method on the complex body waves\nwas modified to cover the following: the subevents with geometry parameters of an added\nminor fault can distribute along the strikes of either the major fault or the minor fault; the rupture\ndirection on the fault plane can be arbitrary.\nThis technique was applied to the 29 May 1976, Longling earthquake (the first one).\nThe results show that this event was caused by the activities of a nearly strike-slip major fault\nwith strike 150\u00b0 and a vertically dip-slip minor fault with the same strike. About 10 sub-events\n(6 occurred on the major fault and 4 on the minor fault) and the rupture directivity brought\nabout the very complex P waveforms. Compared with its not very large magnitude, Longling\nearthquake is an unusually complex one.", "date": "1991", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "International Academic Publishers", "place_of_pub": "Beijing", "pagerange": "119-129", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-131204413", "isbn": "7-80003-016-4", "book_title": "Advances in geophysical research", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-131204413", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-21223" }, { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Huilan, Zhou; Kanamori, Hiroo; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r74hf-x7r36", "eprint_id": 51034, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:29:17", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:11:49", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jones-L-M", "name": { "family": "Jones", "given": "Lucile M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2690-3051" }, { "id": "Sieh-K-E", "name": { "family": "Sieh", "given": "Kerry" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-2447" }, { "id": "Agnew-D-C", "name": { "family": "Agnew", "given": "Duncan" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence" } }, { "id": "Bilham-R", "name": { "family": "Bilham", "given": "Roger" } }, { "id": "Ghilarducci-M", "name": { "family": "Ghilarducci", "given": "Mark" } }, { "id": "Hager-B-H", "name": { "family": "Hager", "given": "Bradford" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5643-1374" }, { "id": "Hauksson-E", "name": { "family": "Hauksson", "given": "Egill" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6834-5051" }, { "id": "Hudnut-K-W", "name": { "family": "Hudnut", "given": "Kenneth" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3168-4797" }, { "id": "Jackson-D-D", "name": { "family": "Jackson", "given": "David D." } }, { "id": "Sylvester-A-G", "name": { "family": "Sylvester", "given": "Arthur" } }, { "id": "Aki-Keiti", "name": { "family": "Aki", "given": "Keiti" } }, { "id": "Wyatt-F", "name": { "family": "Wyatt", "given": "Frank" } } ] }, "title": "Short-term earthquake hazard assessment for the San Andreas Fault in southern California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991 USGS.\n\nPublished - OFR_91-32.pdf
", "abstract": "The southernmost 200 km of the San Andreas fault in California, from Cajon Pass\nsoutheast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake\nwithin the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al,\n1986) and the occurrence of recent prehistoric large earthquakes (Sieh, 1986; Sieh and Williams,\n1990), however, lead us to conclude that this fault segment will eventually produce great\nearthquakes that pose one of the greatest hazards to southern California. An estimated 1.0-1.5\nmillion people now live adjacent to the San Andreas fault within the projected zone of severe\nshaking for such an earthquake. A magnitude 7.5 to 8.0 earthquake on this segment would also\ncause widespread damage to San Bernardino, Imperial, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles\ncounties, which together have over 12 million inhabitants. For these reasons, the Southern San\nAndreas Fault Working Group was formed in 1989 to recommend how the scientific community\nmight best respond to anomalous geophysical activity along the fault, increase our understanding\nof regional seismotectonics, and offer timely scientific advice to state and local governments.", "date": "1991", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "U.S. Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141029-154001569", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141029-154001569", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "OFR_91-32.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r74hf-x7r36/files/OFR_91-32.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Jones, Lucile M.; Sieh, Kerry; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7r78m-4rt72", "eprint_id": 50427, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:11:21", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:10:06", "type": "book", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dieterich-J-H", "name": { "family": "Dieterich", "given": "James H." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Cluff-L-S", "name": { "family": "Cluff", "given": "Lloyd S." } }, { "id": "Cornell-C-A", "name": { "family": "Cornell", "given": "C. Allin" } }, { "id": "Ellsworth-W-L", "name": { "family": "Ellsworth", "given": "William L." } }, { "id": "Johnson-L-R", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Lane R." } }, { "id": "Lindh-A-G", "name": { "family": "Lindh", "given": "Allan G." } }, { "id": "Nishenko-S-P", "name": { "family": "Nishenko", "given": "Stuart P." } }, { "id": "Scholz-C-H", "name": { "family": "Scholz", "given": "Chris H." } }, { "id": "Schwartz-D-P", "name": { "family": "Schwartz", "given": "David P." } }, { "id": "Thatcher-W", "name": { "family": "Thatcher", "given": "Wayne" } }, { "id": "Williams-P-L", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Patrick L." } } ] }, "title": "Probabilities of Large Earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay Region, California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 USGS.\n\nThe Working Group thanks the many individuals who cooperated in preparation of this report.\nWe particularly wish to acknowledge the contributions of expertise and unpublished data from\nKarin Budding, Lynn Dietz, Timothy Hall, Brian Kilgore, James Lienkaemper, Michael Lisowski,\nMark Matthews, David Oppenheimer, Carol Prentice, William Prescott, Paul Reasenberg, James\nSavage, and Robert Simpson. The National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (chaired\nby Thomas McEvilly) and the California Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (chaired by\nJames Davis) reviewed the report and offered numerous useful suggestions. William Bakun and\nThomas Heaton provided additional detailed technical reviews. Helen Gibbons edited the report.\nThe efforts of Nancy Arp in preparing this report and in arranging the meetings of the Working\nGroup are especially appreciated.\n\nPublished - Allen_1990_USGS_Circular1053.pdf
", "abstract": "In 1987 a Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities was organized by the U.S. Geological\nSurvey at the recommendation of the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (NEPEC). The\nmembership included representatives from private industry, academia, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The\nWorking Group computed long-term probabilities of earthquakes along the major faults of the San Andreas\nfault system on the basis of consensus interpretations of information then available. Faults considered by the\nWorking Group included the San Andreas fault proper, the San Jacinto and Imperial-faults of southern\nCalifornia, and the Hayward fault of northern California. The Working Group issued a final report of its\nfindings in 1988 (Working Group, 1988) that was reviewed and endorsed by NEPEC.\nAs a consequence of the magnitude 7.1 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989, a\nsecond Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities was organized under the auspices of NEPEC.\nIts charge was to review and, as necessary, revise the findings of the 1988 report on the probability of large\nearthquakes in the San Francisco Bay region. In particular, the Working Group was requested to examine the\nprobabilities of large earthquakes in the context of new interpretations or physical changes resulting from the\nLoma Prieta earthquake. In addition, it was to consider new information pertaining to the San Andreas and other\nfaults in the region obtained subsequent to the release of the 1988 report. Insofar as modified techniques and\nimproved data have been used in this study, the same approach might also, of course, modify the probabilities\nfor southern California. This reevaluation has, however, been specifically limited to the San Francisco Bay\nregion.\nThis report is intended to summarize the collective knowledge and judgments of a diverse group of\nearthquake scientists to assist in formulation of rational earthquake policies. A considerable body of information\nabout active faults in the San Francisco Bay region leads to the conclusion that major earthquakes are likely\nwithin the next tens of years. Several techniques can be used to compute probabilities of future earthquakes,\nalthough there are uncertainties about the validity of specific assumptions or models that must be made when\napplying these techniques. The body of this report describes the data and detailed assumptions that lead to\nspecific probabilities for different fault segments. Additional data and future advances in our understanding of\nearthquake physics may alter the way that these probabilities are estimated. Even though this uncertainty must\nbe acknowledged, we emphasize that the findings of this report are supported by other lines of argument and\nare consistent with our best understanding of the likelihood for the occurrence of earthquakes in the San\nFrancisco Bay region.", "date": "1990", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "U.S. Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141015-153702500", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141015-153702500", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1990_USGS_Circular1053.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7r78m-4rt72/files/Allen_1990_USGS_Circular1053.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book", "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Dieterich, James H.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bsr8k-w3687", "eprint_id": 49525, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:02:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:30:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Filson-J-R", "name": { "family": "Filson", "given": "John R." } }, { "id": "Hanks-T-C", "name": { "family": "Hanks", "given": "Thomas C." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Wallace-R-E", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "Robert E." } } ] }, "title": "Twelfth award of the Medal of the Seismological Society of America", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - 2000.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The medal of the Seismological Society of America was\nestablished as Article XII of the Constitution and Bylaws in the 1975 annual\nelection. The Medal recognizes outstanding contributions in Seismology\nand Earthquake Engineering. The twelfth award, in 1989, was made to\nDr. Robert E. Wallace.", "date": "1989-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "79", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "2000-2005", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-093134560", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-093134560", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "2000.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bsr8k-w3687/files/2000.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Filson, John R.; Hanks, Thomas C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x5c3c-2t734", "eprint_id": 99016, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:59:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:47:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Xueze-Wen", "name": { "family": "Xueze", "given": "Wen" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Zhuoli-Luo", "name": { "family": "Zhuoli", "given": "Luo" } }, { "id": "Hong-Qian", "name": { "family": "Hong", "given": "Qian" } }, { "id": "Huawei-Zhou", "name": { "family": "Huawei", "given": "Zhou" } }, { "id": "Weishi-Huang", "name": { "family": "Weishi", "given": "Huang" } } ] }, "title": "Segmentation, Geometric Features, and their Seismotectonic Implications for the Holocene Xianshuihe Fault Zone", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 Seismological Society of China.\n\nPublished - Allen_1989p362.pdf
", "abstract": "The Holocene Xianshuihe fault zone, which consists of five main branches with left-lateral strike-slip, can be divided into two segments of different structural styles, jointing at the pull-apart area of Huiyuan Monastery. The northwestern segment has a relatively simple structure. While the southeastern segment exhibits a complex structure composed of several branches. The segmentation of fault structure is the main cause of the different historic strong-earthquake activity, and perhaps, the spatial variation of recent fault slip-rates in different segments.\nThe \"multiple-order en echelon\" pattern is one of the important geometric characteristics of the fault zone. Based on sizes of stepovers, orders of en echelon discontinuities have been relatively classified. Of which, a left-stepping discontinuity in the order A en echelon, which is apparently accompanied with topographic effect of pull-apart structure, has been taken as the dividing point of the segmentation of the fault zone. This discontinuity is also reflected in stopping surficial ruptures during historic earthquakes with approximate magnitude 7. Stepping discontinuities in en echelon faults of the order B and C also have topographic effects to a certain degree, but do not appear to have been significant in stopping large-earthquake ruptures. The earthquake ground-fissures developed within the Quaternary cover are mainly in forms of even lower order of en echelons.\nBending is another important geometric characteristics of the fault zone. Along-strike\nbends at different degrees occur along the entire fault zone and some parts of faults. Local\nbends along a fault is the main geometric causes for unsymmetrical rupture-spreading and\nintensity-attenuating during large earthquakes, and perhaps, one of the tectonic backgrounds\nfor recurrences of large or strong earthquakes at the same localities. Finally, three-dimensional\nmodels for the source faults of two large historic earthquakes have been analysed and discussed.", "date": "1989-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Acta Seismologica Sinica", "volume": "11", "number": "11", "publisher": "Seismological Society of China", "pagerange": "362-372", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-103709912", "issn": "1000-9116", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-103709912", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1989p362.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x5c3c-2t734/files/Allen_1989p362.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Xueze, Wen; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/swkr2-qt158", "eprint_id": 44944, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:31:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 17:26:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "McGill-S-F", "name": { "family": "McGill", "given": "Sally F." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Hudnut-K-W", "name": { "family": "Hudnut", "given": "Kenneth W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3168-4797" }, { "id": "Johnson-D-C", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "David C." } }, { "id": "Miller-W-F", "name": { "family": "Miller", "given": "Wayne F." } }, { "id": "Sieh-K-E", "name": { "family": "Sieh", "given": "Kerry E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-2447" } ] }, "title": "Slip on the Superstition Hills fault and on nearby faults associated with the 24 November 1987 Elmore Ranch and Superstition Hills earthquakes, southern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 Seismological Society of America. Manuscript received 15 August 1988. This work was supported by USGS Grant 14-08-0001-G1177 and by funds from the Caltech Earthquake\nResearch Associates.\n\nPublished - 362.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Alignment arrays and creepmeters spanning several faults in southern California recorded slip associated with the 24 November 1987 Elmore Ranch and Superstition Hills earthquakes. No precursory slip had occurred on the Superstition Hills fault up to 27 October 1987, when the last measurement before the earthquakes was made. About 23 days before the earthquake, dextral creep events of about 13 mm and 0.5 mm may have occurred simultaneously on the Imperial and southern San Andreas faults, respectively, but the tectonic origin of the smaller event is questionable.\n\nWithin 12 hr after the Superstition Hills earthquake, 20.9 cm of dextral slip occurred on the main fault trace at the Superstition Hills alignment array, and 39.8 cm of dextral slip was recorded over the entire 110-m width of the array. Despite this initial wide distribution of slip, nearly all of the postseismic slip is occurring on the main fault trace. As of 3 August 1988, the alignment array had recorded a total of 80.2 cm of dextral slip. As of 5 days after the earthquakes, 65 to 80 per cent of the total slip measured by the alignment array had occurred on discrete, mappable fractures.\n\nIn addition, the two earthquakes triggered slip on the Coyote Creek fault, the southern San Andreas fault, and on the Imperial fault. Telemetered data from creepmeters on the southern San Andreas and Imperial faults indicate that triggered slip began there within 3 min or less of each of the two earthquakes. Additional triggered slip occurred on the Imperial fault beginning 3.5 hr after the second earthquake.", "date": "1989-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "79", "number": "2", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "362-375", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140415-081920776", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140415-081920776", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-G1177" }, { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Associates" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "362.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/swkr2-qt158/files/362.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "McGill, Sally F.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dswsq-j0j19", "eprint_id": 48538, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:31:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:25:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hanks-T-C", "name": { "family": "Hanks", "given": "Thomas C." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The Elmore Ranch and Superstition Hills earthquakes of 24 November 1987: Introduction to the special issue", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 by the Seismological Society of America. Manuscript received 23 December 1988. Special issue on the Elmore Ranch and Superstition Hills, California, earthquakes of 24 November 1987.\nWe greatly appreciate the enthusiasm of all the authors for this Special Issue and their adherence to the several deadlines necessary to bring it to fruition. R. V. Sharp provided us with Figure 1, and L. Hollis prepared Figure 2.\n\nPublished - 231.full.pdf
", "abstract": "On 24 November 1987, two significant earthquakes occurred along the southern San Jacinto fault zone and related structural elements in southern California, not far from the International Border. These two events, the Elmore Ranch earthquake (M = 6.2 at 0154 GMT) and the Superstition Hills earthquake (M = 6.6 at 1315 GMT, both moment magnitudes from Sipkin, 1989), and their aftershocks have\nyielded a rich harvest of geological, seismological, and engineering data pertinent to the cause and effect of earthquakes in this region, where the southern San Jacinto\nfault zone enters the Salton Depression from the Peninsula Ranges bordering it on the southwest (Fig. 1). This special issue of the Bulletin presents 18 geologic and seismologic investigations of these earthquakes, a collection of papers born in El Centro, California, on 8 and 9 February 1988 at a meeting attended by approximately 60 scientists interested in these earthquakes for one reason or another.", "date": "1989-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "79", "number": "2", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "231-238", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140814-075057899", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140814-075057899", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "231.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dswsq-j0j19/files/231.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Hanks, Thomas C. and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tfwn5-j4v30", "eprint_id": 53858, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:09:53", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:13:56", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Zhuoli-L", "name": { "family": "Zhuoli", "given": "Luo" } }, { "id": "Hong-Q", "name": { "family": "Hong", "given": "Qian" } }, { "id": "Xueze-W", "name": { "family": "Xueze", "given": "Wen" } }, { "id": "Huawei-Z", "name": { "family": "Huawei", "given": "Zhou" } }, { "id": "Weishi-H", "name": { "family": "Weishi", "given": "Huang" } } ] }, "title": "Segmentation and Recent rupture history of the Xianshuihe Fault, Southwestern China", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 USGS.\n\nThis study was carried out under the protocol for scientific and\ntechnical cooperation in earthquake studies between the State Seismological\nBureau of the People's Republic of China and the U.S. Geological Survey and\nthe National Science Foundation. The field study was sponsored by the\nSeismological Bureau of Sichuan Province. American participation was supported\nby U.S. Geological Survey Grant No. 14-08-0001-G1088. Contribution No.\n4612, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of\nTechnology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1989p10.pdf
", "abstract": "Tibetan Plateau in western Sichuan Province, China, is one of the\nworld's most active faults, having produced at least 8 earthquakes of M \u2265 7\nsince 1725 on a 350-km-long segment of the fault. In the more limited 150-km long\nnorthern segment including Luhuo and Daofu, 5 earthquakes of M \u2265 6.9 have\noccurred during the past 100 years alone, with well documented overlapping\nsurface ruptures. Some of these events were remarkably similar in magnitude\nand location to earlier historic events, suggesting that the characteristic\nearthquake model may apply here. No obvious geometric segmentation characterizes\nthe smoothly curving Luhuo-Daofu sector, although its ends are marked\nby major left-stepping en echelon offsets that have also been the terminating\npoints of individual earthquake ruptures. Minor en echelon offsets and bends\nwithin this segment are associated with local vertical relief, and one 9\u00b0 bend\nis located close to the epicenter of the 1973 Luhuo earthquake (M = 7.6).\n\nIn the southern sector of the Xianshuihe fault, south of Qianning, the\nfaults splits into several branches, one of which broke over its entire 27-km\nlength during the 1955 Kangding earthquake (M = 7.5). The main fault near\nKangding is characterized by a series of restraining and releasing bends,\nassociated with corresponding topography, and these bends may be related to\nthe fact that this southern segment of the fault seems to be characterized by\ninfrequent great earthquakes (e.g., M = 7-3/4 in 1786) rather than by more\nfrequent moderate earthquakes (M = \u00b1 7) such as those that characterize the\nstraighter and more continuous Luhuo-Daofu sector to the north.\n\nContinuing creep has been documented along some segments of the fault,\nand this, together with its high degree of activity, superb high-altitude\nexposures, and other unique attributes, make the Xianshuihe fault one of the\nmost promising sites in the world for earthquake-prediction, hazard-evaluation,\nand segmentation studies.", "date": "1989", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150120-085958276", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150120-085958276", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Seismological Bureau of Sichuan Province" }, { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-G1088" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4612", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Schwartz-D-P", "name": { "family": "Schwartz", "given": "David Paul" } }, { "id": "Sibson-R-H", "name": { "family": "Sibson", "given": "Richard H." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1989p10.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tfwn5-j4v30/files/Allen_1989p10.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Zhuoli, Luo; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sj9wa-1rk06", "eprint_id": 53727, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:58:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:09:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Keilis-Borok-V-I", "name": { "family": "Keilis-Borok", "given": "V. I." } }, { "id": "Knopoff-L", "name": { "family": "Knopoff", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Rotwain-I-M", "name": { "family": "Rotwain", "given": "I. M." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Intermediate-term prediction of occurrence times of strong earthquakes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1988 Nature Publishing Group.\n\nReceived 12 April; accepted 16 August 1988.", "abstract": "Pattern recognition procedures for infrequent events are adapted to the problem of identifying patterns of clustering of small- and intermediate-scale seismicity before large earthquakes. Identification procedures derived from analysis of large California and Nevada earthquakes yield a high success rate when applied to other parts of the world.", "date": "1988-10-20", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Nature", "volume": "335", "number": "6192", "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group", "pagerange": "690-694", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-134735715", "issn": "0028-0836", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-134735715", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1038/335690a0", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Keilis-Borok, V. I.; Knopoff, L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1stnb-hgc07", "eprint_id": 98445, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:40:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:22:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hong-Qian", "name": { "family": "Hong", "given": "Qian" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Zhuoli-Luo", "name": { "family": "Zhuoli", "given": "Luo" } }, { "id": "Xueze-Wen", "name": { "family": "Xueze", "given": "Wen" } }, { "id": "Huawei-Zhou", "name": { "family": "Huawei", "given": "Zhou" } }, { "id": "Weishi-Huang", "name": { "family": "Weishi", "given": "Huang" } } ] }, "title": "The Active Characteristics of Xianshuihe Fault in Holocene", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1988 China Seismological Bureau of Earth Sciences.", "abstract": "The Xianshuihe fault is an important strike - slip and strong seismogenic zone in West China. The active fault traces are controlled by existing Xianshuihe fault in bed rock and indicate the feature of arrangement in en echelon. Fault produced landforms such as offset streams, offset terraces, fault scarps, side - hell ridges and sag ponds are indicators of violent displacements on the fault and strong seismic activities since Holocene. Some pieces of information indicate that the long term slip rates of the Xianshuihe fault are remarkably different among the north and the south segments of the fault. It is 15 \u00b1 5mm/y for the north of Qianning and 5.5mm/y for the Kangding fault south of Qianning. The discrepancy of slip rates along the Xianshuihe fault might be the basic reason which cause the difference in seismic activity of the fault. At last, the large earthquake trend on the Xianshuihe fault in the coming future has been discussed in this paper based on slip rates and co-seismic displacements and we believe that the segment of 40km long between Daofu and Qianning might be the most probably candidate one for an earthquake with magnitude about 7.", "date": "1988-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Research in China", "volume": "4", "number": "2", "publisher": "Di zhen chu ban she", "pagerange": "9-18", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-151828070", "issn": "1001-4683", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-151828070", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Hong, Qian; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hmx0f-8e127", "eprint_id": 48546, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-23 16:50:15", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:25:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Williams-P-L", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Patrick L." } }, { "id": "McGill-S-F", "name": { "family": "McGill", "given": "Sally Fagerson" } }, { "id": "Sieh-K-E", "name": { "family": "Sieh", "given": "Kerry E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-2447" }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Louie-J-N", "name": { "family": "Louie", "given": "John N." } } ] }, "title": "Triggered slip along the San Andreas fault after the 8 July 1986 North Palm Springs earthquake", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989 Seismological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received 24 August 1987.\n\nWe are grateful to D. Johnson and the staff of the Caltech Seismological Laboratory who have assisted him in the installation and maintenance of creepmeters and alignment arrays. Discussions with K. Evans and C. Scholz illuminated some of the roles of creep and episodic aseismic fault slippage. We appreciate critical reviews of this manuscript by K. Evans, K. Hudnut, and an anonymous reviewer; these significantly improved the manuscript. D. Donovan, S. Phelps, and A. Thomas assisted us in the field. Our thanks to J. Mayne and K. Nagao for drafting and annotating figures. This study was supported by funds from the Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates and by U.S. Geological\nSurvey Grant 14-08-0001-G1177.\n\nPublished - 1112.full.pdf
", "abstract": "In addition to minor surface cracks in the region of the 8 July 1986 North Palm Springs earthquake, minor aseismic surficial rupture occurred along three segments of the San Andreas fault, 44 to 86 km southeast of the epicenter. Data from a creepmeter and a tiltmeter at one locality suggest that triggered slip occurred coseismically beneath the instruments but took 33 hr to propagate to the surface. That slippage occurred coseismically at depth favors mechanisms for triggered slip that involve dynamic or static strain changes rather than creep migrating from the source region.\n\nThe distribution of slip along the San Andreas fault associated with the North Palm Springs earthquake differed significantly from that recorded after the moderate 1968 Borrego Mountain, California and 1979 Imperial Valley, California, earthquakes. During these earthquakes, triggered slip occurred along the San Andreas fault in the Durmid Hill area and in the Mecca Hills. Triggered slip associated with the North Palm Springs earthquake occurred in these two areas again, but also extended farther northwest into the Indio Hills, where as much as 9 mm of dextral slip occurred. In the Mecca Hills, surface cracks in 1986 appeared over a shorter fault length than in previous events, and the dextral displacement was smaller, with maximum values of only 2 to 3 mm. On Durmid Hill, surface cracks in 1986 were localized along a 200-m-long stretch of the fault spanning the Mecca Beach creepmeter and extending about 150 m to the southeast. Right-lateral displacements on surface cracks in this area were 1.4 to 2.0 mm, smaller than those observed in previous events.\n\nAlthough the mechanism of triggered aseismic slip is poorly understood, examination of displacement rates for the past several decades to centuries may indicate whether the aseismic slip rate is constant or represents accelerating premonitory failiure of the southernmost San Andreas fault.", "date": "1988-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "78", "number": "3", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1112-1122", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140814-084541708", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140814-084541708", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" }, { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-G1177" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1112.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hmx0f-8e127/files/1112.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Williams, Patrick L.; McGill, Sally Fagerson; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v7afg-jkf45", "eprint_id": 49104, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:57:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:08:24", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Charles F. Richter: A personal tribute", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987 Seismological Society of America.\n\nAdapted from remarks made at the annual luncheon of the Seismological Society of America,\nCharleston, South Carolina, 24 April 1986.\n\nPublished - 2234.full.pdf
", "abstract": "With the death of Charles Richter in 1985, the seismological community lost a\nrenowned colleague, and many of us lost a close friend and advisor. Charles was\nborn on a farm in Ohio in 1900, received his A.B. from Stanford in 1920, and his\nPh.D. from Caltech in 1928. Virtually his entire professional career was spent at\nthe Seismological Laboratory in Pasadena, first as an employee of the Carnegie\nInstitution of Washington and later as a Caltech faculty member. Following his\nretirement from Caltech in 1970, he was active for several years in the consulting\nfirm of Lindvall, Richter, and Associates. His wife, Lillian, died in 1972, and they\nhad no children. Richter served as President of the Seismological Society of America\nfrom 1959 to 1960 and was the second recipient of its medal in 1977.", "date": "1987-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "77", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "2234-2237", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-104150915", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-104150915", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4511", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "2234.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v7afg-jkf45/files/2234.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pdvng-0ky17", "eprint_id": 49527, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:15:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:30:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Chang-S-B-R", "name": { "family": "Chang", "given": "Shih-Bin R." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Kirschvink-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kirschvink", "given": "Joseph L." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9486-6689" } ] }, "title": "Magnetic stratigraphy and a test for block rotation of sedimentary rocks within the San Andreas fault zone, Mecca Hills, southeastern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1987 Elsevier. \n\nReceived March 25, 1986.\n\nWe thank R. Weldon, R. Ripperdan, J. Nourse, and\nM. Bursik for their field assistance and helpful discussions.\nA. G. Sylvester and J. C. Crowell offered constructive\ncriticism of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NSF Grant EAR83-51370, Contribution\nNo. 4276, Division of Geological and Planetary\nSciences, California Institute of Technology.", "abstract": "A 500-m section of the Palm Spring Formation in the southern Mecca Hills, located within the San Andreas fault zone in southeastern California, has been paleomagnetically sampled to determine possible tectonic rotation in this area and to establish time-stratigraphic control. This work was partly stimulated by the fact that 80 km farther south, previous studies demonstrated 35\u00b0 of postdepositional rotation in the Palm Spring Formation of the Vallecito-Fish Creek basin east of the Elsinore fault. Several lines of evidence suggest that hematite is the main magnetic carrier of the Mecca Hills samples. Large anhedral hematite grains observed in magnetic extracts and a positive fold test imply a detrital origin of the remanence. The polarity reversal patterns, together with earlier vertebrate paleontologic studies, restrict the time span for deposition of this unit to the middle-late Matuyama chron (2.0\u20130.75 myr ago), thus of uppermost Pliocene and early Pleistocene age. Characteristic directions of best least-squares fit for 73 samples suggest little or no overall rotation, despite the severe late Quaternary tectonic activity demonstrated by the intense deformation of these strata.", "date": "1987-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Quaternary Research", "volume": "27", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "30-40", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-094109056", "issn": "0033-5894", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-094109056", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "EAR83-51370" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4276", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0033-5894(87)90047-0", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Chang, Shih-Bin R.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6cdrc-m1140", "eprint_id": 49562, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:05:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:33:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Charles F. Richter: A Personal Tribute", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1987p146.pdf
", "abstract": "With the death of Charles Richter in 1985, the\nseismological community lost a renowned colleague,\nand many of us lost a close friend and advisor.\nCharles was born on a farm in Ohio in 1900,\nreceived his A.B. from Stanford in 1920, and his\nPh.D. from Caltech in 1928. Virtually his entire professional career was spent at the Seismological\nLaboratory in Pasadena, first as an employee of the\nCarnegie Institution of Washington and later as a Caltech faculty member. Following his retirement\nfrom Caltech in 1970, he was active for several years\nin the consulting firm of Lindvall, Richter, and\nAssociates. His wife, Lillian, died in 1972, and they\nhad no children. Richter served as President of the\nSeismological Society of America from 1959 to 1960\nand was the second recipient of its medal in 1977.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquakes and Volcanoes", "volume": "19", "number": "4", "publisher": "U.S. Geological Survey", "pagerange": "146-149", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-150422710", "issn": "0894-7163", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-150422710", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1987p146.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6cdrc-m1140/files/Allen_1987p146.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vwveb-rev04", "eprint_id": 58821, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:09:03", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:23:34", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Crook-R-Jr", "name": { "family": "Crook", "given": "Richard, Jr." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Kamb-B", "name": { "family": "Kamb", "given": "Barclay" } }, { "id": "Payne-C-M", "name": { "family": "Payne", "given": "C. M." } }, { "id": "Proctor-R-J", "name": { "family": "Proctor", "given": "R. J." } } ] }, "title": "Quaternary Geology and Seismic Hazard of the Sierra Madre and Associated Faults, Western San Gabriel Mountains", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published - Crook_p27.pdf
", "abstract": "This detailed study of a 40-km-long section of the Sierra Madre and\nassociated fault zones in the central transverse Ranges, along the south\nside of the San Gabriel Mountains, is aimed at providing information\nfor evaluating the seismic hazard that these faults pose to the heavily\npopulated area immediately to the south. Evidence on the location of\nfault strands and the style and timing of fault movements during the\nQuaternary was obtained from detailed geologic mapping, aerial-photograph\ninterpretation, alluvial stratigraphy, structural and stratigraphic\nrelations in some 33 trench excavations at critical localities, and subsurface\ndata.\nWe present a time-stratigraphic classification for the Quaternary\ndeposits in the study area, based on soil development, geomorphology,\nand contact relations among the alluvial units. We distinguish four units,\nwith approximate ages, as follows: unit 4, about 200,000 yr to middle\nQuaternary; unit 3: about 11,000 to 200,000 yr; unit 2; about 1,000 to\n11,000 yr; and unit 1; younger than about 1,000 yr. We use this classification\nto evaluate on a semi-quantitative basis the evidence for fault activity\nin the study area and to infer the relative seismicity of different\nsegments of the Sierra Madre fault zone during the Quaternary. Alluvial-fan\ndevelopment (particularly fanhead incision and the ages of alluvial-fan\ndeposits) also gives clues as to relative seismicity.\nThe most active segment of the Sierra Madre fault zone within the\nstudy area is the westernmost section, adjacent to the faults that broke\nduring the 1971 San Fernando, Calif., earthquake. The age of activity,\nas indicated by the occurrence of Holocene faulting, decreases toward\nthe east. Along the Sierra Madre fault, through La Canada, Altadena,\nSierra Madre, and Duarte, is abundant evidence of late Pleistocene\nfaulting. Total vertical displacement is more than 600 m, but there is\nno evidence for Holocene fault movement. These observations suggest\nthat the presently applicable recurrence interval between major earthquakes\nin the central and eastern sections of the Sierra Madre fault zone\nis longer than about 5,000 yr. The local magnitude (M_L) of the largest\ncredible earthquake that could occur on the Sierra Madre fault zone in\nthe study area is estimated at 7, on the grounds that the fault zone is\nprobably limited mechanically by subdivision into separate arcuate\nsegments about 15 km long.\nThe Raymond fault, which branches southwestward from the Sierra\nMadre fault in the eastern part of the study area, shows well-defined\nevidence of a late Quaternary history of repeated fault movements.\nDisplacements of alluvial strata observed in trench excavations across\nthe fault give evidence of five major seismic events, whose times of occurrence\ncan be estimated from radiometric dating at approximately\n36,000, 25,000, 10,000-2,200 (two events), and 2,200-1,500 yr B.P. Further\nevidence suggests at least three more faulting events in the past 29,000 yr, for which specific dates cannot be determined. Because some\nadditional events probably remain undetected, we infer that an average\nrecurrence interval of about 3,000 yr, with an average vertical displacement\nof 0.4 m per event, is applicable to the Raymond fault in its present\nstate, as indicated by its history of movement over the past 36,000\nyr. This level of activity is distinctly higher than that found for the Sierra\nMadre fault zone in the central and eastern parts of the study area. If\nthe entire 15-km length of the Raymond fault would rupture in a single\nevent, as seems likely, a maximum credible earthquake of M_L 6 3/4 can\nreasonably be assumed.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "U.S. Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150709-101959806", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150709-101959806", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Crook_p27.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vwveb-rev04/files/Crook_p27.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Crook, Richard, Jr.; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h1kjw-a3n85", "eprint_id": 48710, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:59:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 20:22:15", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jones-L-M", "name": { "family": "Jones", "given": "Lucile M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2690-3051" }, { "id": "Hutton-K", "name": { "family": "Hutton", "given": "L. Katherine" } }, { "id": "Given-D-D", "name": { "family": "Given", "given": "Douglas D." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The July 1986 North Palm Springs, California, Earthquake - The North Palm Springs, California, Earthquake Sequence of July 1986", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1986 Seismological Society of America.\n\nAnalysis of this earthquake would have been impossible without the hard work and dedication of the\nCaltech and U.S. Geological Survey seismic data analysts, Riley Geary, Kathy Watts, Steven Bryant,\nRobert Norris, and Ruth Hannah. The temporary analog seismic stations were operated in the field by\nRob Wesson, Craig Nicholson, John Coakley, and Gonzalo Mendoza of the U.S. Geological Survey. The\nP-wave arrival times from the temporary stations were supplied by Rob Wesson, Rex Allen, and Craig\nNicholson. Egill Hauksson and Susanna Gross of the University of Southern California helped in the\npreparation of data for analysis. Tom Heaton, Steve Hartzell, and Egill Hauksson supplied critical\nreviews. Caltech's contributions to this study were funded in part by U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative\nAgreement No. 14-08-0001-A0257.\n\nPublished - 1830.full.pdf
", "abstract": "An M_L = 5.9 earthquake occurred at 09:20 (UTC) on 8 July 1986 approximately 12 km northwest of the community of North Palm Springs, California. The epicenter of this earthquake was located between the Mission Creek and Banning strands of the San Andreas fault system at 34\u00b00.0'N, 116\u00b036.4'W. In this section of the San Andreas fault system, there is is a high level of diffuse microseismic activity, and it is not clear which of the many mapped fault traces is presently the most active strand (e.g., Allen, 1957; Matti et aI., 1985). The hypocentral distribution of the aftershocks as well as the focal mechanisms of the main shock and a few dozen aftershocks together suggest that the earthquake probably occurred on the Banning fault.", "date": "1986-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "76", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1830-1837", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140820-085429117", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140820-085429117", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-A0257" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4394", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1830.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h1kjw-a3n85/files/1830.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Jones, Lucile M.; Hutton, L. Katherine; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3816n-4k487", "eprint_id": 53856, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:13:12", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:13:55", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Andrews-R-A", "name": { "family": "Andrews", "given": "Richard A." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake Prediction and Hazards Evaluation in the Year 2000 -- A Dialogue", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1986 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1986p37.pdf
", "abstract": "Decisionmakers have different perspectives about geologic hazards than\nscientists and engineers.\n\nThese differences, which have been summarized by\nSzanton (1981, table 3-1), are the reasons that implementation of loss reduction\nmeasures are difficult. The differences are:\nThe ultimate objective of the decisionmaker is the approval of the\nelectorate; it is the respect of peers for the scientist/engineer;\nThe time horizon for the decisionmaker is short; it is long for the\nscientist/engineer;\nThe focus of the decisionmaker is on the external logic of the problem;\nit is on the internal logic for the scientist/engineer;\nThe mode of thought for the decisionmaker is deductive and particular;\nit is inductive and generic for the scientist/engineer;\nThe most valued outcome for the decisionmaker is a reliable solution; it\nis original insight for the scientist/engineer;\nThe mode of expression is simple and absolute for the decisionmaker; it\nis abstruse and qualified for the scientist/engineer, and;\nThe preferred form of conclusion for the decisionmaker is one of \"best\nsolution\" with uncertainties submerged; it is multiple possibilities with\nuncertainties emphasized for the scientist/engineer.\nWith these principles in mind, let us now turn the clock forward to the year 2000\nand a discussion between a decisionmaker and a scientist as they seek to resolve\ntheir philosophical differences and reach solutions to problems of earthquake-hazards\nreduction.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150120-084311662", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150120-084311662", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1986p37.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3816n-4k487/files/Allen_1986p37.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Andrews, Richard A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gftsw-f8556", "eprint_id": 50452, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:36:54", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:10:08", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kanamori-H", "name": { "family": "Kanamori", "given": "Hiroo" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8219-9428" }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake repeat time and average stress drop", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Faults (Geology), Earthquakes", "note": "\u00a9 1986 American Geophysical Union.\nPublished Online: 18 MAR 2013.\nPublished Print: 1 JAN 1986.\n\nWe thank T. Heaton, S. Honda, T.\nMatsuda, J. Pechmann, David Schwartz, K. Sieh, and S. Wesnousky for discussion and comments on the manuscript. This research\nwas partially supported by U. S. Geological Survey contracts 14-08-0001-G-979 and 14-08-0001-21981. Contribution number 4245, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute\nof Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.\n\nPublished - GM037p0227.pdf
Accepted Version - Kanamori_1986p227.pdf
", "abstract": "Existing data on source parameters of large crustal earthquakes (subduction events are not considered here) over a wide range of repeat times indicate that, for a given magnitude (M_s or M_w), earthquakes with long repeat times have shorter fault lengths than those with short repeat times. A shorter fault length for a given magnitude indicates a larger average stress drop which reflects the average strength of the fault zone. Our result therefore suggests that faults with longer repeat times are stronger than those with shorter repeat times. In terms of an asperity model in which the average strength of a fault zone is determined by the ratio, r_a, of the total area of the asperities (strong spots on a fault plane) to the total area of the fault zone, the above result suggests that r_a is proportional to the repeat time. Our result provides a method to estimate seismic source spectra from the fault length and the repeat time of a potential causative fault.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "place_of_pub": "Washington, DC", "pagerange": "227-235", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-130549566", "isbn": "9780875904054", "book_title": "Earthquake Source Mechanics", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-130549566", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-G-979" }, { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-21981" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4245", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Das-S", "name": { "family": "Das", "given": "Shamita" } }, { "id": "Boatwright-J", "name": { "family": "Boatwright", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Scholz-C-H", "name": { "family": "Scholz", "given": "C. H." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/GM037p0227", "primary_object": { "basename": "Kanamori_1986p227.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gftsw-f8556/files/Kanamori_1986p227.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "GM037p0227.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gftsw-f8556/files/GM037p0227.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Kanamori, Hiroo and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dcfb0-keh93", "eprint_id": 49161, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:48:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:11:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Louie-J-N", "name": { "family": "Louie", "given": "John N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Johnson-D-C", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "David C." } }, { "id": "Haase-P-C", "name": { "family": "Haase", "given": "Paul C." } }, { "id": "Cohn-S-N", "name": { "family": "Cohn", "given": "Stephen N." } } ] }, "title": "Fault slip in southern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985, by the Seismological Society of America. Manuscript received 12 July 1984. Creep and strain studies at the Seismological Laboratory have been funded for many years by the U.S. Geological Survey, most recently under Contract 14-08-0001-21212. One of the authors (J. L.) has also been supported by an AMOCO Foundation fellowship in geophysics. The authors appreciate the generous assistance from and useful discussions with Kerry Sieh, Hiroo Kanamori, Bill Stuart, John Lower, Holly Eissler, Richard Stead, and many members of the Laboratory too numerous to mention here. Creep monitoring was initiated by Ralph Gilman, whose efforts sustained the program for many years. The continuing efforts of Kate Hutton and Carl Johnson to maintain the quality of the SCARLET catalog has made much of the analysis possible. The authors are indebted to William Prescott of the U.S. Geological Survey for his unusually thoughtful review of the manuscript and many helpful suggestions. No measurements could have been undertaken without the kind cooperation of many landowners and agencies who granted permission to install monuments and instrumentation and allowed long-term access for maintenance and surveying.\n\nPublished - 811.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of slip on major faults in southern California have been performed over the past 18 yr using principally theodolite alignment arrays and tautwire extensometers. They provide geodetic control within a few hundred meters of the fault traces, which complements measurements made by other techniques at larger distances. Approximately constant slip rates of from 0.5 to 5 mm/yr over periods of several years have been found for the southwestern portion of the Garlock fault, the Banning and San Andreas faults in the Coachella Valley, the Coyote Creek fault, the Superstition Hills fault, and an unnamed fault 20 km west of El Centro. These slip rates are typically an order of magnitude below displacement rates that have been geodetically measured between points at greater distances from the fault traces. Exponentially decaying postseismic slip in the horizontal and vertical directions due to the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake has been measured. It is similar in magnitude to the coseismic displacements. Analysis of seismic activity adjacent to slipping faults has shown that accumulated seismic moment is insufficient to explain either the constant or the decaying postseismic slip. Thus the mechanism of motion may differ from that of slipping faults in central California, which move at rates close to the plate motion and are accompanied by sufficient seismic moment. Seismic activity removed from the slipping faults in southern California may be driving their relatively aseismic motion.", "date": "1985-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "75", "number": "3", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "811-833", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-070345053", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-070345053", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-21212" }, { "agency": "AMOCO Foundation" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4104", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "811.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dcfb0-keh93/files/811.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Louie, John N.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fm087-zaa13", "eprint_id": 49136, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-27 19:08:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-24 14:55:44", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Untung-N", "name": { "family": "Untung", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Buyung-N", "name": { "family": "Buyung", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Kertapati-E", "name": { "family": "Kertapati", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Undang-", "name": { "family": "Undang", "given": "[none]" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Rupture along the Great Sumatran fault, Indonesia, during the earthquakes of 1926 and 1943", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985, by the Seismological Society of America. Manuscript received 10 October 1984. \nIn performing our field work in Sumatra, we appreciate the encouragement and support of John Katili, Director General of Geology and Mineral Resources of Indonesia. Hiroo Kanamori helped us considerably in the seismological interpretations.\n\nPublished - bssa0750010313.pdf
", "abstract": "While investigating features of Quaternary displacement along the Great Sumatran fault zone in the Padang Highlands of Sumatra, Indonesia (Figure 1), the authors incidentally came across heretofore unreported evidence of significant\nsurficial displacements along the fault during the M_s = 6\u00be earthquake of 28 June 1926 and the M_s = 7.6 earthquake of 9 June 1943. In both cases, eyewitness reports by long-term local residents allowed unequivocal documentation of the location and nature of the surficial fault displacements associated with the earthquakes, although it was only through the use of vertical aerial photographs to locate the active fault trace that it was possible to concentrate the questioning in promising areas. In every case, it was thus possible to locate the primary active fault trace to within a few hundred meters before commencing the search for local eyewitnesses.", "date": "1985-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "75", "number": "1", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "313-317", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-141119912", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140902-141119912", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4108", "name": "Caltech Seismological Laboratory" } ] }, "doi": "10.1785/BSSA0750010313", "primary_object": { "basename": "bssa0750010313.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fm087-zaa13/files/bssa0750010313.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Untung, M.; Buyung, N.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w468b-85e70", "eprint_id": 55538, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:26:45", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:16:43", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hutton-K", "name": { "family": "Hutton", "given": "L. K." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Johnson-C-E", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "C. E." } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity of Southern California: Earthquakes of ML 3.0 and Greater, 1975 through 1983", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published 1985 by the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, with assistance from the Earthquake Research Affiliates.\n\nPublished - Seismicity_of_southern_california.pdf
", "abstract": "The time period since the last published California Institute of\nTechnology (CIT) earthquake catalog (Hileman 1974; Friedman 1976) has\nseen many changes in data analysis and reporting procedures at the\nSeismological Laboratory. CIT merged its operation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) during this period. Digital recording (Johnson\n1979) was introduced in 1977 and computer systems improved several times\nsince. The seismic network itself expanded from 125 stations in 1975 to\nmore than 200 in early 1983 (Figure 1). The result is an agglomeration\nof data that way take a superhuman effort to sort through.\nMuch use can be made, however, of a timely earthquake catalog which\nis restricted to the larger earthquakes. We therefore present as\ncomplete and reliable a list of events of ML 3.0 and greater as\npossible, comprising 3,650 individual earthquakes.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150305-102736725", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150305-102736725", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Seismicity_of_southern_california.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w468b-85e70/files/Seismicity_of_southern_california.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Hutton, L. K.; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r10p9-dds71", "eprint_id": 49548, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 04:06:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:32:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zhou-H-L", "name": { "family": "Zhou", "given": "Hui-Lan" } }, { "id": "Kanamori-H", "name": { "family": "Kanamori", "given": "Hiroo" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8219-9428" }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Analysis of complex earthquakes and source processes of Longling", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1984 Science Press.", "abstract": "In this paper, Kikuchi and Kanamori 's inversion method on the complex body\nwaves was modified to cover the following: the subevents with geometry parameters of\nan added minor fault can distribute along the strikes of either the major fault or the\nminor fault; the rupture direction on the fault plane can be arbitrary.\nThis technique was applied to the 29 May 1976, Longling earthquake (the first one).\nThe results show that this event was caused by the activities of a nearly strike-slip\nmajor fault with strike 150\u00b0 and a vertically dip-slip minor fault with the same strike.\nAbout 10 sub-events (6 occurred on the major fault and 4 on the minor fault) and the\nrupture directivity brought about the very complex P waveforms. Compared with its\nnot very large magnitude, Longling earthquake is an unusually complex one.", "date": "1984-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Acta Geophysica Sinica", "volume": "27", "number": "6", "publisher": "Science Press", "pagerange": "523-536", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-131659002", "issn": "0001-5733", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140910-131659002", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Zhou, Hui-Lan; Kanamori, Hiroo; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/44yzy-gbe05", "eprint_id": 50358, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:59:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:17:56", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geological Investigations Relevant to Earthquake Engineering Problems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1984 Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.\n\nSeminar No. 4. Organizer W. W. Hays.\n\nPublication No. 84-06.\n\nPublished - Geological_Investigations_Relevant_to_Earthquake_Engineering_Problems.pdf
", "abstract": "Virtually all large earthquakes are caused by sudden movements on faults, which are simply surfaces of shearing within the earth's crust. We know this not only from the observations of surface faulting during large\nearthquakes, but also from seismological studies indicating that the source mechanism of large earthquakes is indeed an abrupt shearing process and not\nsome other sort of mechanical phenomenon such as implosion or tensile failure. The energy released during large earthquakes demands fault ruptures of significant lengths, with rupture lengths of up to 1000 km being observed\nduring the largest of earthquakes; even a relatively moderate earthquake of magnitude 6 normally requires a fault rupture length of 5-10 km. The largest\nfault displacements observed at the ground surface during individual historic earthquakes are 11.5 m vertical (Assam, 1897) and 9.9 m horizontal (Mongolia, 1957), although significantly larger individual fault displacements at depth\nare inferred from some geodetic observations.", "date": "1984-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141013-141851870", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141013-141851870", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Hays-W-W", "name": { "family": "Hays", "given": "Walter W." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Geological_Investigations_Relevant_to_Earthquake_Engineering_Problems.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/44yzy-gbe05/files/Geological_Investigations_Relevant_to_Earthquake_Engineering_Problems.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qdxq-kwh17", "eprint_id": 53723, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:57:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:09:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Gillespie-A-R", "name": { "family": "Gillespie", "given": "A. R." } }, { "id": "Yuan-Han", "name": { "family": "Yuan", "given": "Han" } }, { "id": "Sieh-K-E", "name": { "family": "Sieh", "given": "K. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-2447" }, { "id": "Buchun-Z", "name": { "family": "Buchun", "given": "Zhang" } }, { "id": "Chengnan-Z", "name": { "family": "Chengnan", "given": "Zhu" } } ] }, "title": "Red River and associated faults, Yunnan Province, China: Quaternary geology, slip rates, and seismic hazard", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1984 Geological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received by the Society December 13, 1982; Revised manuscript received July 18, 1983; Manuscript accepted July 25, 1983.\n\nThis study was carried out under the protocol\nfor scientific and technical co-operation in\nearthquake studies between the State Seismological\nBureau of the People's Republic of China\n(SSB) and the U.S. Geological Survey and the\nNational Science Foundation. The field study\nwas sponsored by the Seismological Bureau of\nYunnan Province (YSB), and we appreciate the\nassistance of Zhao Jianmin, Wang Guimei, and\nJiang Kui in making the many arrangements\nthat were necessary. We are particularly indebted\nto the many geologists of the YSB and\nSSB who accompanied us in the field and contributed\nmarkedly to the study. Principal among\nthese were Chai Tienjun, He Xihu, Yang Jiwn,\nZhang Jin, Zhang Shuanglin, Zhou Ruiqi, Hou\nXueying, Deng Ruisheng, Duan Jiale, Ding\nGuoyu, Xu Yujian, and Guo Sunmin. Xia\nWenyi and Lin Ronghui served tirelessly as interpreters.\nParticipation by the American coauthors\nwas supported by U.S. Geological\nSurvey Contract No. 14-08-0001-19271.", "abstract": "The 900-km-long right-slip Red River fault of southernmost China and northern Vietnam is a profound structural discontinuity that is mechanically associated with the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. Although history records no large earthquakes resulting from slippage along at least the principal segment of the fault in China, youthful landforms and disruptions of young sedimentary rocks indicate that it has generated large earthquakes during the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. The historic quiescence thus must be regarded as being indicative of a current seismic gap, although the recurrence interval between major earthquakes is evidently much longer than for many other major active fault systems. \n\nThat recent displacement has been primarily right lateral is indicated by consistently displaced drainages, ranging in offset from 9 m to 6 km, and the freshness of the smallest and most recent offsets implies repeated Holocene movements. Although physiographic features typical of active faulting such as scarps and drainage diversions are present throughout, the general absence of sag ponds reflects both the high rate of dissection of the fault by the Red River and its tributaries and the lower degree of activity as compared to highly active faults such as the San Andreas fault of California. \n\nIn its middle 170 km, the fault zone is made up of two branches. The range-front branch demarcates the northeastern base of the Ailao Mountains and, at least locally, has an appreciable component of dip slip. The mid-valley branch, in large part previously unrecognized, traverses principally deeply dissected Cenozoic valley fill northeast of the range-front fault and has undergone almost pure lateral slip. Lateral postfill offsets along the range-front branch diminish toward the southeast, whereas those along the mid-valley branch diminish northwestward; the net effect is that the total postfill offset across both branches is almost uniform. \n\nThe Red River and its major tributaries appear to have experienced about 5.5 km of right slip since the beginning of a major episode of incision that continues to the present day. Restoration of this offset provides a remarkable alignment of most large tributaries as well as removing a major kink in the course of the Red River itself. Using maximum credible rates of incision, we estimate an average fault-slip rate of 2 to perhaps 5 mm/yr. At this long-term rate of slip, the smallest offsets observed along the fault (9 m) would occur no more frequently than every 1,800 to 4,500 yr on the average. This is consistent with the historical record of fault dormancy for the past 300 yr. \n\nNorth of the Red River fault, there is a large seismically active region laced with numerous faults of north and northwesterly trends. Several of these faults display clear and even spectacular evidence of youthful normal faulting, and some appear to have left-lateral components as well. These faults, as well as the Red River fault itself, are accommodating regional east-west crustal extension and north-south shortening.", "date": "1984-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "95", "number": "6", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "686-700", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-132230547", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-132230547", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-19271" }, { "agency": "Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province (YSB)" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1984)95<686:RRAAFY>2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; Gillespie, A. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zchq2-ca317", "eprint_id": 98500, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:37:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:25:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Yuan-Han", "name": { "family": "Yuan", "given": "Han" } }, { "id": "Sieh-K-E", "name": { "family": "Sieh", "given": "K. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-2447" }, { "id": "Buchun-Z", "name": { "family": "Buchun", "given": "Zhang" } }, { "id": "Gillcspie-A-R", "name": { "family": "Gillcspie", "given": "A. R." } }, { "id": "Chengnan-Z", "name": { "family": "Chengnan", "given": "Zhu" } } ] }, "title": "Study of the Quaternary Activities of the Red River Fault (I) - General Survey of its Contemporary Activities and Evidence of the Active Faulting", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1984.Kun ming Kun ming Yun nan ren min chu ban she.", "abstract": "The Red River fault is one of the major regional faultings in China. Its\nsouthern segment shows spectacular linear structures characterized by features of clear-cut strike-slip faultings. Contemporary activities have primarily right lateral features along the segment of the fault, which is approximately 500 km in\nlength, extending southeastward from Fengyi, Yunnan to the Sino-Vietnamese border. From Chunyuan, southeast of Ejia, the southern segment of the Red River fault actually diverges into 2 branches, one of which is the principal faulting running closely to the Ailao Mountain metamorphic zone, the other is developed in the young deposits northeast of the former branch. The former branch had considerably strong vertical differential movement at the beginning of the Cenozoic era, and is now dominated by tilting movement. The latter branch is principally controlled by right lateral strike-slip movements and is the most active branch in the contemporary times.", "date": "1984-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Seismological Research", "volume": "7", "number": "1", "publisher": "Kun ming Kun ming Yun nan ren min chu ban she", "pagerange": "39-51", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-154520138", "issn": "1000-0666", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-154520138", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; Yuan, Han; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nygfh-v4z19", "eprint_id": 49675, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:22:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:37:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake prediction", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1983 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "Five to ten years ago, great optimism existed in the seismological\ncommunity that routine short-term earthquake prediction was\nimminent, based mainly on reported successes in various parts of\nthe world in identifying physical precursors to earthquakes. Especially\nsignificant was the successful Chinese prediction of the 1975\nHaicheng earthquake, with considerable saving of lives. Within the\npast five years, however, research results have been sobering, and\nthe problem turns out to be a more difficult one than we had\nthought. In no part of the world has a successful, routinely operating\nearthquake-prediction system yet been implemented.", "date": "1983-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geology", "volume": "11", "number": "12", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "682", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-150519771", "issn": "0091-7613", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-150519771", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1130/0091-7613(1983)11<679:GAF>2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aq6m9-7k108", "eprint_id": 49194, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 03:40:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:12:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zhou-H-L", "name": { "family": "Zhou", "given": "Hui-Lan" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Kanamori-H", "name": { "family": "Kanamori", "given": "Hiroo" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8219-9428" } ] }, "title": "Rupture complexity of the 1970 Tonghai and 1973 Luhuo earthquakes, China, from P-wave inversion, and relationship to surface faulting", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983, by the Seismological Society of America. Manuscnpt received 15 November 1982. This research was supported by US Geological Survey Contract 14-08-0001-21223 and by the\nEarthquake Research Affiliates of the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 1585.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The source processes of the 4 January 1970, Tonghai earthquake (M_s = 7.5) and the 6 February 1973, Luhuo earthquake (M_s = 7.5) in southwestern China were investigated using an inversion technique on the very complex body waves. The two earthquakes were associated with 48 and 90 km of surficial strike-slip rupture, respectively, and the distribution of displacement with distance along the fault was well documented by field studies of both events. The source process for both earthquakes comprised three to four subevents with different moments and rupture durations. These calculated parameters agree well with the field observations and aftershock distributions, particularly in the total rupture length and in the amount and asymmetry of fault displacements relative to the locations of the main epicenters.", "date": "1983-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "73", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1585-1597", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-114207480", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-114207480", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-21223" }, { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3789", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1585.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aq6m9-7k108/files/1585.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Zhou, Hui-Lan; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c699c-28v43", "eprint_id": 49674, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:22:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:37:31", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Astiz-L", "name": { "family": "Astiz", "given": "Luciana" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity of the Garlock fault, California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983 Seismological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received 23 May 1983.\n\nWe appreciate the help of Carl E. Johnson, Ed Corbett, and Bernard J. Minster, who provided\ncomputer programs, and Doug Given, who assisted us in accessing CEDAR data. Kate Hutton kindly\nprovided Figure 1 Discussions with Kerry Seih, Jeanne Sauber, Art Frankel, Hiroo Kanamori, Jim\nPechmann, and many others of the Caltech Seismological Laboratory were of great benefit. This work\nwas supported by U.S. Geological Survey Contract 14-08-0001-21209 and by the California Division of\nMines and Geology Agreement 5-3098.\n\nPublished - 1721.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The Garlock fault is a 265-km-long left-slip fault striking northeastward from the San Andreas fault in southern California. Relocations of earthquakes that occurred from 1932 to 1981 on and near this major fault were made using the master-event technique. The spatial distribution of seismicity along the fault is different west and east of its midpoint near Rand, where the largest en-echelon offset and a marked change in strike occur. These two segments also display distinct geologic features and different seismic and aseismic behavior. The 150-km-long segment west of Rand has shown continuous low seismic activity during the past 50 yr, well-documented aseismic creep, and has a relatively complex fault trace. In contrast, the 155-km-long segment east of Rand has very few small earthquakes, no demonstrable creep, and a simpler fault trace. P-wave first-motion studies substantiate predominantly left-slip motion along the Garlock fault. Overall energy release during this 50-yr period gives a seismic moment rate of 2.75 \u00d7 10^(21) dyne-cm/yr, much lower than that inferred from Holocene geologic offsets, thus indicating that the Garlock fault currently represents a temporal seismic gap, and that the potential exists for large earthquakes. If behavior of the Garlock fault is similar to that of the San Andreas, the western segment of the fault can be compared with the central creeping segment of the San Andreas, and the eastern segment with those segments broken by the 1857 and 1906 earthquakes; thus larger events might be expected on the eastern segment than on the western segment, or, if the entire fault breaks during a single event, larger displacements toward the east.", "date": "1983-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "73", "number": "6A", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1721-1734", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-145855426", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-145855426", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-21209" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "5-3098", "name": "California Division of Mines and Geology Agreement" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1721.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c699c-28v43/files/1721.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Astiz, Luciana and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fapsv-q5708", "eprint_id": 49207, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:26:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:12:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake prediction \u2014 1982 overview", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1982 Seismological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received 28 June 1982.\n\nPublished - S331.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Short-term earthquake prediction represents a more difficult scientific problem than most of us thought 5 yr ago when the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program commenced, and our progress has not been as rapid as initially hoped. At this point, reasons can be cited for both encouragement and discouragement. Despite slow progress, the goal of short-term prediction remains realistic, and research should continue vigorously, albeit with some changes in scientific strategy. In contrast, progress in long-term prediction and hazard evaluation has been far more rapid than initially envisaged.", "date": "1982-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "72", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "S331-S335", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-144831698", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140903-144831698", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3788", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "S331.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fapsv-q5708/files/S331.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d94ez-nqp62", "eprint_id": 98436, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:24:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:21:35", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Reservoir-induced earthquakes and engineering policy", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1982 California Division of Mines and Geology. \n\nThe author appreciates the critical comments of T.H. Heaton and G.W. Housner.\n\nPublished - Allen_1982p248.pdf
", "abstract": "Reservoir-induced seismicity is considered to have occurred at four California sites. The four reservoirs and the largest triggered earthquake associated with each one are: Lake Mendocino in Mendocino County, M 5.2 (see CALIFORNIA GEOLOGY, December 1978, p. 275-281): Lake Crowley in Mono County, M 6.0 (see CDMG Special Report 150, p. 92-94): Lake Oroville in Butte County, M 5.7 (see CALIFORNIA GEOLOGY. June 1982, p. 115-118); and Lake Shasta in Shasta County. M < 3.", "date": "1982-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "California Geology", "publisher": "California Division of Mines and Geology", "pagerange": "248-250", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-125648892", "issn": "0026-4555", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-125648892", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1982p248.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d94ez-nqp62/files/Allen_1982p248.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5vx8-8xz36", "eprint_id": 49741, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:08:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hill-D-P", "name": { "family": "Hill", "given": "D. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7476-6306" }, { "id": "Cockerham-R-S", "name": { "family": "Cockerham", "given": "R. S." } }, { "id": "Eaton-J-P", "name": { "family": "Eaton", "given": "J. P." } }, { "id": "Ellsworth-W-L", "name": { "family": "Ellsworth", "given": "W. L." } }, { "id": "Lindh-A-G", "name": { "family": "Lindh", "given": "A. G." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Hutton-K", "name": { "family": "Hutton", "given": "L. K." } }, { "id": "Johnson-C-E", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "C. E." } }, { "id": "Rodgers-A-M", "name": { "family": "Rodgers", "given": "A. M." } }, { "id": "Carr-W-J", "name": { "family": "Carr", "given": "W. J." } }, { "id": "Ryall-A-S", "name": { "family": "Ryall", "given": "A. S." } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity along the Pacific-North American plate boundary in California and western Nevada, 1980-81", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1982 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - Allen_1982p46.pdf
", "abstract": "Beginning in 1980, the number and distribution of telemetered,\nhigh-gain seismic stations operated in California and western Nevada\nprovided the capability for locating earthquakes of M \u2265 2.0\noccurring throughout the broadly-deforming Pacific-North American\nplate boundary from the Salton Trough to the Mendocino triple junction\nand as far inland as the western Great Basin. Four networks\ncombine to provide this capability: (1) the 300-station Central\nCalifornia Network operated by the U.S. Geological Survey from Menlo\nPark, CA; (2) the 200-station Southern California Network operated\njointly by the California Institute of Technology (CIT) and the\nU. S. Geological Survey from Pasadena, CA; (3) the 40-station\nWestern Nevada-Eastern California Network operated by the University\nof Nevada from Reno, NV; and (4) the 55-station Southern Nevada\nNetwork operated by the U.S. Geological Survey from Golden, CO. The\ndistribution of earthquake hypocenters located by this combination\nof networks for 1980 and 1981 brings into focus detailed seismicity\npatterns within the broad bands of earthquake activity that have\npersisted for SO years or more based on locations of M \u2265 3\nearthquakes from the regional networks operated by CIT and the\nUniversity of California, Berkeley, since the early 1930's. The\nprecise focal parameters of M \u2265 2.0 earthquakes afforded by these\nfour telemetered networks provide critical constraints on the\nkinematics of seismogenic deformation of the western margin of the\nNorth American plate adjacent to the San Andreas transform-fault\nsystem.", "date": "1982-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Notes", "volume": "54", "number": "1", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "46", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140916-112700439", "issn": "0012-8287", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140916-112700439", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1982p46.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5vx8-8xz36/files/Allen_1982p46.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Hill, D. P.; Cockerham, R. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/04js3-wyy67", "eprint_id": 98424, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:46:00", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:55:47", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Comparisons Between the North Anatolian Fault of Turkey and the San Andreas Fault of California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1982 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.", "abstract": "The North Anatolian fault of Turkey is remarkably similar to the San Andreas fault of California in its style of displacement, high seismicity, physiographic expression, neotectonic history, presence of creep, and problems of seismic-hazard evaluation. On the other hand, significant contrasts between the two faults exist in their space-time patterns of seismicity and in their plate-tectonic relationships. Workers in the two areas have much to learn from one another.", "date": "1982", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Vieweg+Teubner Verlag", "place_of_pub": "Wiesbaden", "pagerange": "67-85", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-083627303", "isbn": "978-3-528-08482-0", "book_title": "Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Prediction", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-083627303", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "I\u015fikara-A-M", "name": { "family": "I\u015fikara", "given": "A. Mete" } }, { "id": "Vogel-A", "name": { "family": "Vogel", "given": "Andreas" } } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/978-3-663-14015-3_5", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t25c7-tq350", "eprint_id": 52401, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:41:20", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:13:00", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cohn-S-N", "name": { "family": "Cohn", "given": "Stephen N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Gilman-R", "name": { "family": "Gilman", "given": "Ralph" } }, { "id": "Goulty-N-R", "name": { "family": "Goulty", "given": "Neil R." } } ] }, "title": "Preearthquake and Postearthquake Creep on the Imperial Fault and the Brawley Fault Zone", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1982 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1982p161.pdf
", "abstract": "Taken together, 12 years of alinement-array data, 4 years of\ncreepmeter records from four instruments, and 2 years of surveys from\ntwo nail files suggests that creep events on the Imperial fault 2 to 5\nmonths before the October 15 earthquake are consistent with longterm\ntrends and not indicative of any imminent event. No discernible\ncreep occurred on the fault in the hours and days before the earthquake.\nRecords of coseismic displacement imply that response of the\nsoil to the fault slip at depth was brittle rather than plastic; they\nuniquely demonstrate that the minimum rate of surface fault displacement\nwas 1.8 cm/s. Continuing measurements of afterslip show\nthat all motion is due to discrete 0.2- to 1.5-cm creep events occurring\nless frequently over time. The accumulating displacement for the first\n35 days after the earthquake is well approximated by linear\nlogarithmic functions of time. Use of this accumulating displacement\nto predict future slip rates implies that for 6 years the afterslip rate\nfrom the 1979 earthquake should be greater than the 0.5-cm/yr average\npreearthquake creep rate. The maximum amount of slip on the\nsurface trace of the Imperial fault associated with the 1979 earthquake,\nincluding afterslip, amounts to more than 60 cm.", "date": "1982", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141204-131718712", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141204-131718712", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3369", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1982p161.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t25c7-tq350/files/Allen_1982p161.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Cohn, Stephen N.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jz71y-0zs96", "eprint_id": 48300, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:44:13", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:07:42", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The Modern San Andreas Fault", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1981 Prentice-Hall.\n\nMost of our knowledge of current seismicity in southern California comes from the\nSouthern California Seismographic Network, which is mainly supported by the U.S.\nGeological Survey (Contract No. 14-08-0001-16719), with contributing support from\nthe State of California (Division of Mines and Geology Agreement No. 5-9015) and the\nCaltech Earthquake Research Affiliates. The author appreciates the critical comments\nof John C. Crowell, Kerry E. Sieh, and Robert E. Wallace. Contribution Number 3286,\nDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,\nCalifornia 91125.", "abstract": "Although the San Andreas fault was once viewed by most geologists as a grossly aberrant\ntectonic feature, it is now recognized as representing normal plate-tectonic processes and\nis, in fact, one of the simpler of the transform faults that cut the continents. The fault\nzone is continuous for at least 1100 km, but individual surface traces are en echelon segments\nof much more limited extent, and they represent fracture processes that currently\nare not fully understood. Studies of both the fault's physiographic expression and its\nrecent earthquake history emphasize the remarkable temporal repeatability of seismic\nevents along it; during Holocene time, earthquakes and their associated effects have\nrepeated one another at given localities with almost uncanny reproducibility. Two great\nearthquakes occurred along the fault in 1857 and 1906, and although two remaining segments\nhave not broken in large events during the historic record, the most likely next\ngreat earthquake is a repeat of the 1857 event. Seismographic stations in California now\nnumber perhaps 500, and the recent dramatic increases have shown that epicenters tend\nto markedly \"pull in\" toward the active fault trace in some segments but not others. In\ngeneral, the parts of the fault showing concentrated alignments of small shocks are the\nsame parts that display continuous or episodic surface creep. Currently locked segments\nof the fault, presumably those of highest seismic hazard, are characterized by very low,\nscattered seismicity. Short-term epicenter maps are thus not necessarily a good representation\nof long-term seismic hazard, which is much better portrayed by geologic studies\nof the fault's Holocene history, using radiometric dating of offset and disturbed strata.\nThe 1857 and 1906 earthquakes represent the types of events we must be prepared for in\nthe future, although their engineering effects were not as great as often imagined. The\nhazards of both surface fault displacements and heavy ground shaking are not yet fully\nunderstood, but appear to be problems capable of solution in the foreseeable future.", "date": "1981", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Prentice-Hall", "place_of_pub": "Englewood Cliffs, NJ", "pagerange": "511-534", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140811-123920147", "isbn": "9780133539387", "book_title": "The Geotectonic Development of California", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140811-123920147", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-16719" }, { "agency": "State of California Division of Mines and Geology", "grant_number": "5-9015" }, { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3286", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Ernst-W-G", "name": { "family": "Ernst", "given": "W. G." } }, { "id": "Rubey-W-W", "name": { "family": "Rubey", "given": "William Walden" } } ] }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1981", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/32f61-2wg79", "eprint_id": 98607, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:03:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:30:01", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Keilis-Borok-V-I", "name": { "family": "Keilis-Borok", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Knopoff-L", "name": { "family": "Knopoff", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Long-term premonitory seismicity patterns in Tibet and the Himalayas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1980 by the American Geophysical Union. \n\nPaper number 9B1195. \n\nReceived March 6, 1979; revised August 9, 1979; accepted August 13, 1979. \n\nThe present study was carried out as a part of Project III of the program of Soviet-American cooperation in earthquake prediction while one of the US (V.I.K-B.) was a visiting scientist at the Seismological Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology, where he was a Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar, and at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics of the University of California, Los Angeles. The visit of Keilis-Borok to the United States was supported by the Fairchild Foundation through Caltech and by the U.S. Geological Survey. W. Lee provided us with invaluable consultations on the seismicity of China. The assistance of M. French is gratefully acknowledged. E. R. Engdahl and W. Rihenhart helped us to obtain recent supplements to the NOAA earthquake file. We appreciate critical comments by D. L. Anderson. Contribution number 3177, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125. Publication number 1876, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024.\n\nPublished - Keilis-Borok_et_al-1980-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Solid_Earth.pdf
", "abstract": "An attempt is made to identify seismicity patterns precursory to great earthquakes in most of Tibet as well as the central and eastern Himalayas. The region has considerable tectonic homogeneity and encompasses parts of China, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Burma. Two seismicity patterns previously described were used: (1) pattern \u03a3 is a peak in the sum of earthquake energies raised to the power of about 2/3, taken over a sliding time window and within a magnitude range less than that of events we are trying to predict; and (2) pattern S (swarms) consists of the spatial clustering of earthquakes during a time interval when the seismicity is above average. Within the test region, distinct peaks in pattern \u03a3 have occurred twice during the 78\u2010year\u2010long test period: in 1948\u201349, prior to the great 1950 Assam\u2010Tibet earthquake (M = 8.6), and in 1976. Peaks in pattern S have occurred three times; in 1932\u20131933, prior to the great 1934 Bihar\u2010Nepal earthquake (M = 8.3), in 1946, and in 1978. The 1934 and 1950 earthquakes were the only events in the region that exceeded M = 8.0 during the test period. On the basis of experience here and elsewhere, the current peaks in both \u03a3 and S suggest the likelihood of an M = 8.0 event within 6 years or an M = 8.5 event within 14 years. Such a prognostication should be viewed more as an experimental long\u2010term enhancement of the probability that a large earthquake will occur than as an actual prediction, in view of the exceedingly large area encompassed and the very lengthy time window. Furthermore, the chances of a randomly occurring event as large as M = 8.0 in the region are perhaps 21% within the next 6 years, and the present state of the art is such that we can place only limited confidence in such forecasts. The primary impact of the study, in our opinion, should be to stimulate the search for medium\u2010 and short\u2010term precursors in the region and to search for similar long\u2010term precursors elsewhere.", "date": "1980-02-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth", "volume": "85", "number": "B2", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "813-820", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-101905872", "issn": "2169-9313", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190912-101905872", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Sherman Fairchild Foundation" }, { "agency": "USGS" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3177", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/jb085ib02p00813", "primary_object": { "basename": "Keilis-Borok_et_al-1980-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Solid_Earth.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/32f61-2wg79/files/Keilis-Borok_et_al-1980-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Solid_Earth.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Keilis-Borok, V.; Knopoff, L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n9zmg-6ax26", "eprint_id": 49854, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:53:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:16:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Reservoir-induced earthquakes and engineering policy", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1980 Instituto Panamericano de Geograf\u00eda e Historia.\n\nThe author appreciates the critical comments\nof T.H. Heaton and G.W. Housner.\n\nPublished - Allen_1980p20.pdf
", "abstract": "In numerous parts of the world today, including\nsome of the most highly developed countries,\nmany dam designers and operators have tended to\nclose their eyes to the engineering problems posed\nby reservoir-induced earthquakes. One sometimes\nhears these kinds of defensive argument: 1) no\nconvincing correlation has yet been demonstrated\nbetween earthquakes and reservoirs; 2) since the\nnatural seismicity at a given site is low, the danger\nof reservoir-inducement is therefore also low; 3)\nthe geology at a given site is different from that\nat localities where major reservoir-induced events\nhave occurred; 4) only 3 or 4 out of some 11 000\nlarge dams worldwide have experienced significant\ninduced earthquakes, and one should therefore not\nworry about a given site; and 5) no dam has yet\nfailed disastrously because of a reservoir-induced\nearthquake, and the danger is thus grossly exaggerated.\nWhile many of these arguments have some\nelements of truth to them, they are essentially\nevading the primary issues: Virtually every careful\nstudy has concluded that there is indeed a cause-and-effect\nrelationship between some earthquakes\nand some reservoirs, and two dams (Koyna, India,\nand Hsinfengkiang, China) have in fact come\nuncomfortably close to disastrous failure during\nsuch events. Furthermore, it is precisely in the\nregions of low natural seismicity where the major\nexisting problems lie, because in areas of high\nseismicity dams are usually designed for substantial\nearthquake resistance anyway.", "date": "1980", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Revista Geof\u00edsica", "volume": "13", "publisher": "Instituto Panamericano de Geograf\u00eda e Historia", "pagerange": "20-24", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140919-103534534", "issn": "0252-9769", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140919-103534534", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3377", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1980p20.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n9zmg-6ax26/files/Allen_1980p20.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/80fph-e1y72", "eprint_id": 53720, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-15 04:55:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 21:11:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Welcoming remarks", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1979 Published by Elsevier B.V.", "abstract": "On behalf of the Organizing Committee, I extend to each of you a cordial\nwelcome to California, to Stanford University, and to the 1977 Recent Crustal\nMovements Symposium. We hope that you will find the Symposium both\nenjoyable and scientifically stimulating. We are encouraged by the variety of\npapers to be delivered and by the diversity of disciplines represented by the\nattendees. This multidisciplinary approach to the study of recent crustal\nmovements has been a prime factor in making the field one of such great\nworldwide interest today.", "date": "1979-02-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Tectonophysics", "volume": "52", "number": "1-4", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1-2", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-125354188", "issn": "0040-1951", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-125354188", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1016/0040-1951(79)90195-1", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1979", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p6aqd-5dg24", "eprint_id": 98563, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:37:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:28:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Sharp-R-P", "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." } } ] }, "title": "Presentation of the Penrose Medal to Robert P. Sharp", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1978 Geological Society of America. \n\nDoc. no. 80916.", "abstract": "Tonight we honor Robert P. Sharp as our Society's 1977 Penrose Medalist. I am sure that you all appreciate the distinction and prestige associated with this award, but I also hope that you realize how honored I am to be asked by the recipient to be the citationist. I have valued my association with Bob Sharp for many years \u2014 as a\nstudent, a colleague, a friend, and fishing companion \u2014 and this is a satisfying occasion for me as well.", "date": "1978-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "89", "number": "9", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "1431-1432", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190910-161146954", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190910-161146954", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89%3C1431:POTPMT%3E2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Sharp, Robert P." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/emd9z-26s68", "eprint_id": 48920, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:32:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 20:32:35", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Keller-R-P", "name": { "family": "Keller", "given": "R. P." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Gilman-R", "name": { "family": "Gilman", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Goulty-N-R", "name": { "family": "Goulty", "given": "N. R." } }, { "id": "Hileman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hileman", "given": "J. A." } } ] }, "title": "Monitoring slip along major faults in southern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1978, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received January 16, 1978. \n\nThis study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, recently under Contract 14-08-0001-15860.\n\nPublished - 1187.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Repeated surveys have been made of 16 small-scale theodolite alignment arrays\nin southern California. They span members of the Garlock, San Andreas, and San\nJacinto fault systems (Figure 1 and Table 1), and were installed between 1967 and\n1971. Results from surveys of six additional alignment arrays in the Imperial Valley\nhave been included in a separate paper by Goulty et al. (1978).", "date": "1978-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "68", "number": "4", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1187-1190", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140826-131222553", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140826-131222553", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-15860" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "3023", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1187.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/emd9z-26s68/files/1187.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Keller, R. P.; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tj7m8-a6z06", "eprint_id": 99001, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:30:47", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:47:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Spall-H", "name": { "family": "Spall", "given": "Henry" } } ] }, "title": "Clarence Allen talks about the responsibilities in earthquake prediction", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1978 United States Geological Survey.\n\nPublished - Allen_1978p116.pdf
", "abstract": "Dr. Clarence R. Allen is professor of geology and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology. He has been a member of advisory panels to the Executive Office of the President, National Academy of Sciences, National Science Foundation, U.S . Geological Survey, UNESCO, California State Mining and Geology Board, and the California Department of Water Resources. Dr. Allen has been President of both the Geological Society of America and the Seismological Society of America (SSA). The title of this interview is based on his presidential address to the SSA in 1976.", "date": "1978-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Information Bulletin", "volume": "10", "number": "4", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "pagerange": "116-119", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-074709054", "issn": "0046-0931", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-074709054", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1978p116.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tj7m8-a6z06/files/Allen_1978p116.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Spall, Henry" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4kqer-v2d67", "eprint_id": 48448, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:20:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:21:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goulty-N-R", "name": { "family": "Goulty", "given": "N. R." } }, { "id": "Burford-R-O", "name": { "family": "Burford", "given": "R. O." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Gilman-R", "name": { "family": "Gilman", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Johnson-C-E", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "C. E." } }, { "id": "Keller-R-P", "name": { "family": "Keller", "given": "R. P." } } ] }, "title": "Large creep events on the Imperial fault, California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1978, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received November 18, 1977. \n\nThis research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under contract 14-08-0001-15860. NRG\nheld a research fellowship at CIT in 1975/6, and has since been supported by NERC. Robert V. Sharp\nsearched along the Imperial fault in June 1977 for signs of recent activity at localities other than Ross\nRoad and Heber Road, and reported his negative findings to us.\n\nPublished - 517.full.pdf
", "abstract": "During September 1975, three creepmeters were installed across the Imperial\nfault and one across the southern end of the Brawley fault, two members of the San\nAndreas fault system in the Imperial Valley of southeastern California. These\nsupplement earlier installations in the Imperial Valley of one dial-gauge creepmeter\nand six alignment arrays (Figure 1 and Table 1). Each creepmeter uses either an\ninvar or a stainless steel wire suspended in a horizontally buried pipe, and crosses\nthe fault at an angle of about 45\u00b0. Those at Heber Road and Tuttle Ranch are of\nthe design described by Yamashita and Burford (1973), using a linear variable\ndifferential transformer as the displacement transducer, and are 20 m long. The\nthree more northerly creepmeters are similar in design to that described by Smith\nand Wyss (1968), and are between 12 and 15 m in length. Those at Harris Road and\nRoss Road use a potentiometer in a bridge circuit as the displacement transducer\nfor continuous recording. The Superstition Hills creepmeter is equipped with a dial-gauge\nmicrometer, which is read periodically.", "date": "1978-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "68", "number": "2", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "517-521", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140812-153520139", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140812-153520139", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "USGS", "grant_number": "14-08-0001-15860" }, { "agency": "NERC" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2977", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "517.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4kqer-v2d67/files/517.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Goulty, N. R.; Burford, R. O.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jrgfk-vpe12", "eprint_id": 98562, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:11:35", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:28:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Quaternary Geology \u2013 An Essential Clue to Evaluating Seismicity", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1978 USGS. \n\nThis report is Contribution No. 2996 of the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1978p4.pdf
", "abstract": "The geologic record, particularly that of the late Quaternary period, is a far more valuable tool in estimating seismicity and associated seismic hazard than has generally been recognized. This is simply because, by looking into the recent geologic past, the geologist is able to overcome many of the statistical inadequacies of the relatively short instrumental and historic records. These shortcomings are best illustrated in those parts of the world with the longest historic records of earthquakes\u20142000 years for Japan and the Middle East and 3000 years for China\u2014where surprising variations in both the rates of recurrence and places of recurrence are evident. These long records show that earthquakes are by no means uniform in space and time, at least over intervals of only 1000 or 2000 years.", "date": "1978-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Information Bulletin", "volume": "10", "number": "1", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "pagerange": "4-11", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190910-160240515", "issn": "0046-0931", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190910-160240515", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2996", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1978p4.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jrgfk-vpe12/files/Allen_1978p4.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x1j2b-24n75", "eprint_id": 58139, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:23:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 19:06:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence" } }, { "id": "Anderson-D-L", "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "Don" } }, { "id": "Kanamori-H", "name": { "family": "Kanamori", "given": "Hiroo" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8219-9428" } ] }, "title": "Predicting Earthquakes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977 California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Kanamori_1977p10.pdf
", "abstract": "Whether earthquakes ever will be predictable is increasingly a matter of\npublic concern. In an effort to bring their listeners a rational viewpoint\nabout it, Diane Moye and John Kotick of radio station KPFK recently\ninterviewed three distinguished seismologists from Caltech: Clarence\nAllen, professor of geology and geophysics; Don Anderson, director of\nthe Seismological Laboratory and professor of geophysics; and Hiroo\nKanamori, professor of geophysics. \"Predicting Earthquakes\" is\nadapted from that interview.", "date": "1977-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "40", "number": "3", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "10-28", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150609-153556341", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150609-153556341", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Kanamori_1977p10.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x1j2b-24n75/files/Kanamori_1977p10.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence; Anderson, Don; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mptt-2j048", "eprint_id": 49653, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:17:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 21:36:38", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Responsibilities in earthquake prediction: To the Seismological Society of America, delivered in Edmonton, Alberta, May 12, 1976", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1976 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - 2069.full.pdf
", "abstract": "As recently as only a year or two ago, seismologists were still debating among themselves the\nquestion of how we should interact with the public when the day finally arrived that scientific\npredictions of damaging earthquakes would be forthcoming. Whether we're ready or not, that\nday has suddenly arrived, and some of us are already a bit bloodied from our first encounters.\nIn this address, I wish to discuss some of the responsibilities that seismologists must assume as\nwe enter this new era of what might be called \"fishbowl science,\" and also ways in which we can\nperhaps encourage the public, the news media, and public agencies to respond to predictions in\nthe most effective and constructive ways.", "date": "1976-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "66", "number": "6", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "2069-2074", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-095535460", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140912-095535460", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2803", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "2069.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mptt-2j048/files/2069.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aatvt-mnw22", "eprint_id": 48494, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:03:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:23:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Lomnitz-C", "name": { "family": "Lomnitz", "given": "Cinna" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence" } }, { "id": "Mooser-F", "name": { "family": "Mooser", "given": "Federico" } }, { "id": "Lehner-F-E", "name": { "family": "Lehner", "given": "Francis" } }, { "id": "Reyes-A", "name": { "family": "Reyes", "given": "Alfonso" } } ] }, "title": "A permanent seismograph array around the Gulf of California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1976, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received September 22, 1975. \n\nNumerous persons provided important assistance to this project. The authors would like to thank Mr. Nat\nMotta for working design and construction of electronic equipment for the stations; the Cal Tech shop members\nfor fabrication of the housing, Mr. Ralph Gilman for assemblage of the stations and installation and checkout\noperations on site; and Mr. Miguel Farf\u00e1n for assistance in making local arrangements, installation and\nmaintenance. Several, students aided in installation of the array, including Alejandro Nava. Personnel from\nCICESE have been responsible for upkeep of the stations since 1973, including Juan A. Madrid, Javier Rebollar,\nLuis Munguia and Miguel Farf\u00e1n. Local persons too many to mention helped greatly at each of the stations. \n\nThe installation of this array was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants NSF GA\n27115, UCSD; NSF-GA-21397, Cal Tech; and UNAM intramural funds. The Mexican Federal Power\nCommission (CFE), supported the array through assistance of local personnel, providing of station sites and\nlogistic support. Thanks are due the National Research Council of Mexico (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y\nTechnologia, CONACYT) for support of Mexican research personnel at UCSD through scholarships, for the\ncreation of funding of CICESE as a supporting academic institution of the geophysical effort in Baja California,\nand for the successful coordination of this international research program since 1971. NOAA supported the\nproject through the advice and suggestions of James Jordon and Leonard Murphy as well as temporary loan of\nsome equipment. NASA has recently provided funds for replacement and upgrading equipment under NASA\nNGR 05-009-246.\n\nPublished - 969.full.pdf
", "abstract": "A permanent seismographic array has been established around the Gulf of California. Solar-powered stations are operating at Caborca, Bahia de los Angeles, Guaymas, Topolobampo and La Paz. Trailer stations using local 60-cycle power are operating at San Felipe, Rio Hardy, Rancho Meling, and Ensenada. The array is unique in the following aspects: (1) It is the only array operating in close proximity to an active region of sea-floor spreading; (2) its sophisticated low-power design and use of solar energy made siting choices simpler so that local noise sources could be minimized; (3) it is the first accurately timed array to operate in northwest Mexico.\n\nThe array has already provided important information on seismicity in the Gulf of California and has aided in several sonobuoy studies of swarms and aftershock sequences. As more data accumulate, many of the important questions concerning the seismicity, tectonics, and structure of the Gulf of California will be answered.", "date": "1976-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "66", "number": "3", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "969-978", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140813-093429653", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140813-093429653", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA 27115" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-21397" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "UNAM" }, { "agency": "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Technolog\u0131a (CONACYT)" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NGR 05-009-246" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "969.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aatvt-mnw22/files/969.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Brune, James N.; Lomnitz, Cinna; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kpf3k-sd325", "eprint_id": 52562, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:37:06", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 20:59:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Press-F", "name": { "family": "Press", "given": "Frank" } }, { "id": "Bullock-M", "name": { "family": "Bullock", "given": "Mary" } }, { "id": "Hamilton-R-M", "name": { "family": "Hamilton", "given": "Robert M." } }, { "id": "Brace-W-F", "name": { "family": "Brace", "given": "William F." } }, { "id": "Kisslinger-C", "name": { "family": "Kisslinger", "given": "Carl" } }, { "id": "Bonilla-M-G", "name": { "family": "Bonilla", "given": "Manuel G." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Sykes-L-R", "name": { "family": "Sykes", "given": "Lynn R." } }, { "id": "Raleigh-C-B", "name": { "family": "Raleigh", "given": "C. Barry" } }, { "id": "Knopoff-L", "name": { "family": "Knopoff", "given": "Leon" } }, { "id": "Clough-R-W", "name": { "family": "Clough", "given": "Ray W." } }, { "id": "Hofheinz-R-Jr", "name": { "family": "Hofheinz", "given": "Roy, Jr." } }, { "id": "Smith-P-G", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Peter G." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake research in China", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975 American Geophysical Union.\n\nThis report was prepared by the\nfollowing members of the American Seismology\nDelegation. Part 1: Frank Press,\nMassachusetts Institute of Technology,\nCambridge, Massachusetts; Mary\nBullock, Committee on Scholarly Communication\nwith the People's Republic of\nChina, Washington, D. C. Part 2: Robert\nM. Hamilton, U.S. Geological Survey,\nReston, Virginia. Part 3: William F.\nBrace, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,\nCambridge, Massachusetts; Carl\nKisslinger, University of Colorado,\nBoulder, Colorado. Part 4: Carl\nKisslinger, University of Colorado,\nBoulder, Colorado. Part 5: Manuel G.\nBonilla, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California; Clarence R. Allen,\nCalifornia Institute of Technology,\nPasadena, California. Part 6: Clarence\nR. Allen, California Institute of Technology,\nPasadena, California. Part 7:\nLynn R. Sykes, Columbia University,\nNew York, New York; C. Barry Raleigh,\nU.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park,\nCalifornia. Part 8: Leon Knopoff, University\nof California, Los Angeles, California.\nPart 9: William F. Brace,\nMassachusetts Institute of Technology,\nCambridge, Massachusetts. Part 10: Ray\nW. Clough, University of California,\nBerkeley, California. Part 11: Roy\nHofheinz, Jr., Harvard University,\nCambridge, Massachusetts.\n\nMembers of the American Seismology\nDelegation were Frank Press, Chairman;\nClarence R. Allen, Vice-Chairman;\nManuel G. Bonilla, William F. Brace,\nCarl Kisslinger, Robert M. Hamilton, C.\nBarry Raleigh, Ray W. Clough, Lynn R.\nSykes, Leon Knopoff, Roy Hofheinz, Jr.,\nPeter G. Smith, and Mary Bullock.\nAlthough the Committee on Scholarly\nCommunication with the People's Republic\nof China sponsored the visit of the\ndelegation, this report does not\nnecessarily reflect its viewpoint or the\nviewpoints of its sponsors.\n\nPublished - eost1774.pdf
", "abstract": "A visit to China of an American seismological delegation, which took place October 5 to November 5, 1974, is covered in this report. The Americans were sponsored by the Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China (CSCPRC), and the hosts in China were the Scientific and Technical Association and the State Seismological Bureau. The CSCPRC is sponsored jointly by the National Academy of Sciences, the Social Science Research Council, and the American Council of Learned Societies.\n\nThe visit had its origins in an invitation extended in January 1973 by Carl Kisslinger, as President of the Seismological Society of America, to the Chinese Academy of Sciences to send representatives to a Symposium on Earthquake Prediction Research. Although the Chinese declined to participate, this invitation was one step towards a reciprocal exchange of seismologists between the United States and the People's Republic of China. Several months after Kisslinger's letter the CSCPRC visited Peking. Their purpose was to arrange an exchange program with the Chinese Scientific and Technical Association. Prompted by Kisslinger, the committee's proposals for American delegations included seismology. Not only was this particular exchange accepted, but the Chinese in turn suggested that a Chinese seismology group visit the United States.", "date": "1975-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Eos", "volume": "56", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "838-881", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-142505424", "issn": "0096-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-142505424", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1029/EO056i011p00838", "primary_object": { "basename": "eost1774.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kpf3k-sd325/files/eost1774.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Press, Frank; Bullock, Mary; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ze15v-cds73", "eprint_id": 53719, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:31:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:09:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geological Criteria for Evaluating Seismicity", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1975 Geological Society of America.\n\nManuscript received by the Society February 12, 1975.\nAddress as Retiring President of The Geological Society of America, Miami Beach, Florida, November 1974.\n\nIn addition to those specifically cited in\nthe text, I am deeply indebted to numerous\ngroups and individuals in many parts of the\nworld for assistance and participation in\nfield studies. I particularly appreciate the\nassistance of various governmental organizations\nand educational institutions in Turkey,\nGreece, Bulgaria, Japan, Philippines,\nChina, and Pakistan. Foreign travel was\nsupported by UNESCO, National Science\nFoundation (U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science\nProgram), National Academy of Sciences\n(Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of\nChina), Carnegie Institution of Washington\n(G. K. Gilbert Award), and the California\nInstitute of Technology (John Barber\nFund). I appreciate critical review of the\nmanuscript by A. L. Albee, H. Kanamori,\nand R. P. Sharp.", "abstract": "This paper argues that the geologic record, and the late Quaternary history in particular, is a far more valuable tool in estimating seismicity and associated seismic hazard than has generally been appreciated. Those parts of the world with the longest historic records of earthquakes \u2014 some 2,000 yr for Japan and the Middle East and 3,000 yr for China \u2014 are the areas that should give us the greatest pause in using historic records for extrapolations, because earthquakes in these regions show surprisingly large long-term temporal and spatial variations. The very short historic record in North America should, therefore, be used with extreme caution in estimating possible future seismic activity. The geologic history of late Quaternary faulting is the most promising source of statistics on frequencies and locations of large shocks.", "date": "1975-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "86", "number": "8", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "1041-1057", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-124143156", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150114-124143156", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "UNESCO" }, { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "National Academy of Sciences" }, { "agency": "Carnegie Institution of Washington" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2569", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1975)86<1041:GCFES>2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fwzsd-qs863", "eprint_id": 98707, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:14:00", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:57:37", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Hanks-T-C", "name": { "family": "Hanks", "given": "Thomas C." } }, { "id": "Whitcomb-J-H", "name": { "family": "Whitcomb", "given": "James H." } } ] }, "title": "Seismological Studies of the San Fernando Earthquake and\n Their Tectonic Implications", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975 California Division of Mines and Geology. \n\nManuscript submitted to the California Division of Mines and Geology January 24, 1972. \n\nContribution No. 2124, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena. \n\nWe are particularly indebted to many other agencies and persons for supplying data from their portable stations that have been used in our study: Earthquake Mechanisms Laboratory, NOAA (Don Tocher); National Center for Earthquake Research, USGS (Robert Wesson, Willy Lee); University of California at San Diego (James Brune); California Department of Water Resources (Paul Morrison). At Caltech, Gladys Engen, Mark Gaponoff, Jan Garmany, and John Nordquist read many of the records and carried out many of the computer solutions. This study was supported by the Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates and by the National Science Foundation (Grant GA29920).\n\nPublished - Allen_p257_Bull196.pdf
", "abstract": "Improved hypocentral locations have been obtained for the San Fernando earthquake and its larger aftershocks through the use of data from portable stations installed in and around the aftershock area subsequent to the main shock. The main shock, at 14 00 41.8 GMT on 9 February 1971, is now assigned a magnitude (M_L) of 6.4 and a location at 34\u00b0 24.7' N, 118\u00b0 24.0' W, h = 8.4 km. Fifty-five aftershocks of magnitude 4.0 and greater had occurred through 31 December 1971. The lunate-shaped epicentral distribution of aftershocks is consistent with the idea of southward thrusting along a disc-shaped fault surface, and aftershock depths as well as aftershock focal mechanisms suggest that the thrust surface dips about 35\u00b0 toward N 20\u00b0 E. However, a distinct linear alignment of left-lateral strike-slip aftershocks parallel to the motion direction near the west boundary of activity suggests that the fault surface has a steep flexure along this line, down-stepped to the west, and both the planar distribution of aftershocks and the local geology support this concept.", "date": "1975", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Division of Mines and Geology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190918-075239587", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190918-075239587", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA29920" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2124", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Oakeshott-G-B", "name": { "family": "Oakeshott", "given": "Gordon B." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_p257_Bull196.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fwzsd-qs863/files/Allen_p257_Bull196.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Hanks, Thomas C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/31xce-m8s27", "eprint_id": 50929, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:05:10", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:39:07", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The Southern California Seismographic Network", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974 California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1974p14.pdf
", "abstract": "Virtually everything that is known about the seismicity of\nthe southern California region comes from the seismographic\nnetwork that is centered at Caltech's Seismological\nLaboratory. This network was initiated in 1926 by the\nCarnegie Institution of Washington, operated for many\nyears by Caltech alone, and most recently expanded as a\njoint effort between Caltech and the U.S. Geological\nSurvey. More than 17,000 local earthquakes have been\nlocated and analyzed by the Seismological Laboratory\nduring this period, and it is this body of data, in addition\nto the sparse pre-1926 historic record of \"felt\" earthquakes, together with the geologic knowledge of our active faults, that primarily determines our judgments concerning earthquake risk in various parts of the southern California region.", "date": "1974-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "38", "number": "1", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "14-17", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-103942060", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-103942060", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1974p14.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/31xce-m8s27/files/Allen_1974p14.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mgdj8-2ej63", "eprint_id": 52561, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:03:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 20:58:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sherard-J-L", "name": { "family": "Sherard", "given": "J. L." } }, { "id": "Cluff-L-S", "name": { "family": "Cluff", "given": "L. S." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Potentially Active Faults in Dam Foundations", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974 ICE Publishing Ltd.\n\nA number of colleagues, both from the geology and engineering sides, reviewed the Paper in\nan earlier draft and provided suggestions for improvement. The Authors are grateful for this\ngenerous assistance and wish they could do more than simply acknowledge the reviewers,\nmany of whom deserve far greater credit for their contributions to the Paper. Particular\nthanks are due to N. N. Ambraseys, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London;\nM. G. Bonilla, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California; G. Post and P.\nLonde, Coyne and Bellier, Consulting Engineers, Paris ; C. J. Cortright and E. W. Stroppini,\nCalifornia Department of Water Resources, Sacramento; O. Papageorgiou, Public Power\nCorporation, Athens; J.M. Wool, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, California ;\nJ. M. Kellberg, Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville; G. E. Brogan, G. E. Hervert, M. K.\nKorringa, B. B. Gordon and D. Tocher, Woodward-Lundgren and Associates, Oakland,\nCalifornia.\n\nPublished - Allen_1974p367.pdf
", "abstract": "The Paper contains information on existing dams founded on active faults, a summary of pertinent lessons learned from study of historic fault breaks and fault mechanisms, recommended practice for evaluation of active faults, and opinions concerning design of dams on active faults. While a dam site with an active fault should be avoided if possible, if a reservoir is vitally needed and a better site is not available, it is reasonable practice to construct a conservatively designed embankment dam. Concrete dams on active faults, or near some major active faults, are not advisable. For evaluation of fault activity, geological studies usually must be carried a considerable distance from the dam site, a departure from recent past practice. Experience of the last few years with many fault studies indicates that thorough geological investigations with modern techniques will usually provide sufficient evidence to allow a judgement on the activity or inactivity of a fault.", "date": "1974-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "G\u00e9otechnique", "volume": "24", "number": "3", "publisher": "ICE Publishing Ltd.", "pagerange": "367-428", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-141659119", "issn": "0016-8505", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-141659119", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1974p367.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mgdj8-2ej63/files/Allen_1974p367.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Sherard, J. L.; Cluff, L. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x841f-m0s92", "eprint_id": 52547, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:02:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 20:58:05", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Berger-J", "name": { "family": "Berger", "given": "Jon" } }, { "id": "Mueller-I-I", "name": { "family": "Mueller", "given": "Ivan I." } }, { "id": "Savage-J-C", "name": { "family": "Savage", "given": "J. C." } }, { "id": "Weertman-J", "name": { "family": "Weertman", "given": "J." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquake Mechanism and Displacement Fields Close to Fault Zones", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974 American Geophysical Union.\n\nThis report was prepared by C.R. Allen,\nJon Berger, Ivan I. Mueller, J.C. Savage,\nand J. Weertman. Material contained\nherein should not be cited.\n\nPublished - Allen_1974p836.pdf
", "abstract": "The Sixth Geodesy/Solid Earth and Ocean Physics (GEOP) Research Conference was held on February 4\u20135, 1974, at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, in La Jolla, California. It was attended by about 100 persons.\n\nJames N. Brune, program chairman, opened the conference and delivered the introductory address, a somewhat extended version of which is printed elsewhere in this issue. Brune's paper and the following summaries of the sessions constitute a report of the conference.", "date": "1974-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Eos", "volume": "55", "number": "9", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "836-840", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-103011673", "issn": "0096-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141210-103011673", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1029/EO055i009p00836", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1974p836.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x841f-m0s92/files/Allen_1974p836.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; Berger, Jon; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5ezea-vdb98", "eprint_id": 98421, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:44:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:20:57", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Meier-M-F", "name": { "family": "Meier", "given": "Mark F." } }, { "id": "Kamb-B", "name": { "family": "Kamb", "given": "W. Barclay" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Sharp-R-P", "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." } } ] }, "title": "Flow of Blue Glacier, Olympic Mountains, Washington, U.S.A.", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974 International Glaciological Society. \n\nMS. received 6 June 1972. \n\nContribution No. 2105, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - flow_of_blue_glacier_olympic_mountains_washington_usa.pdf
", "abstract": "Velocity and strain-rate patterns in a small temperate valley glacier display flow effects of channel geometry, ice thickness, surface slope, and ablation. Surface velocities of 20\u201355 m/year show year-to-year fluctuations of 1.5\u20133 m/year. Transverse profiles of velocity have the form of a higher-order parabola modified by the effects of flow around a broad bend in the channel, which makes the velocity profile asymmetric, with maximum velocity displaced toward the outside of the bend. Marginal sliding rates are 5\u201322 m/year against bedrock and nil against debris. Velocity vectors diverge from the glacier center-line near the terminus, in response to surface ice loss, but converge toward it near the firn line because of channel narrowing. Plunge of the vectors gives an emergence flow component that falls short of balancing ice loss by about 1 m/year. Center-line velocities vary systematically with ice thickness and surface slope. In the upper half of the reach studied, effects of changing thickness and slope tend to compensate, and velocities are nearly constant; in the lower half, the effects are cumulative and velocities decrease progressively down-stream. Where the slope increases down-stream from 7\u00b0 to 9\u00b0, reflecting a bedrock step, there is localized longitudinal extension of 0.03 year^(\u20131) followed by compression of 0.08 year^(\u20131) where the slope decreases. Marginal shear (up to 0.5 year^(\u20131)) is strongly asymmetric due to flow around the bend: the stress center-line, where one of the principal axes becomes longitudinal, is displaced 150 m toward the inside of the bend. This effect is prominently visible in the crevasse pattern. Ice fluxes calculated independently by \"laminar\" flow theory and by continuity disagree in a way which shows that internal deformation of the ice is controlled not by local surface slope but by an effective slope that is nearly constant over the reach studied.", "date": "1974", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Glaciology", "volume": "13", "number": "68", "publisher": "International Glaciological Society", "pagerange": "187-212", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-073940240", "issn": "0022-1430", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190905-073940240", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2105", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.3189/s0022143000023029", "primary_object": { "basename": "flow_of_blue_glacier_olympic_mountains_washington_usa.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5ezea-vdb98/files/flow_of_blue_glacier_olympic_mountains_washington_usa.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Meier, Mark F.; Kamb, W. Barclay; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dydj3-sx048", "eprint_id": 50001, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:33:09", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:26:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Whitcomb-J-H", "name": { "family": "Whitcomb", "given": "James H." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Garmany-J-D", "name": { "family": "Garmany", "given": "Jan D." } }, { "id": "Hileman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hileman", "given": "James A." } } ] }, "title": "San Fernando Earthquake Series, 1971: Focal Mechanisms and Tectonics", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1973 by the American Geophysical Union. Received February 13, 1973; accepted February 28, 1973. Article first published online: 14 Jun 2010. \n\nWe are indebted to many organizations outside CIT for supplying their data from seismic stations for this study. They include the Earthquake Mechanisms Laboratory, National Ocean Survey (Don Tocher); the Las Vegas Branch of NOS (Stanley R, Brockman); Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (Christopher H. Scholz); University of Southern California (Ta-Liang Teng); the California Department of Water Resources; and the National Center for Earthquake Research, USGS (Robert L. Wesson, William H. K. Lee) for station SUS times. At CIT Charles F. Richter, Gladys R. Engen, and J. Leonard Blayney provided their personal seismic records, and John M. Nordquist and Mark Gapanoff read many of the records and ran many of the computer solutions. We give special thanks to the CIT technical personnel who installed and operated the portable stations\nduring the aftershock series. We benefited greatly from discussions with Don L. Anderson, Pierre H. Jungels, Bernard J. Minster, Thomas C. Hanks, Thomas H. Jordan, Ralph W. Alewine III, and Donald V. Helmberger.\n\nThis study was supported by the CIT Earthquake Research Affiliates and by the National Science Foundation (GA-29920). Contribution 2318, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California, Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California.\n\nPublished - rog267.pdf
", "abstract": "The largest events in the San Fernando earthquake series, initiated by the main shock at 14h 00m 41.8s UT on February 9, 1971, were chosen for analysis from the first three months of activity, 87 events in all. C. R. Allen and his co-workers assigned the main shock parameters: 34\u00b024.7\u2032N, 118\u00b024.0\u2032W, focal depth h = 8.4 km, and local magnitude M_L = 6.4. The initial rupture location coincides with the lower, northernmost edge of the main north-dipping thrust fault and the aftershock distribution. The best focal mechanism fit to the main shock P wave first motions constrains the fault plane parameters to: strike, N67\u00b0(\u00b16\u00b0)W; dip, 52\u00b0(\u00b13\u00b0)NE; rake, 72\u00b0 (67\u00b0\u221295\u00b0) left lateral. Focal mechanisms of the aftershocks clearly outline a down step of the western edge of the main thrust fault surface along a northeast-trending flexure. Faulting on this down step is left lateral strike slip and dominates the strain release of the aftershock series, which indicates that the down step limited the main event rupture on the west. The main thrust fault surface dips at about 35\u00b0 to the northeast at shallow depths and probably steepens to 50\u00b0 below a depth of 8 km. This steep dip at depth is a characteristic of other thrust faults in the Transverse ranges and indicates the presence at depth of laterally varying vertical forces that are probably due to buckling or overriding that causes some upward redirection of a dominant north-south horizontal compression. Two sets of events exhibit normal dip slip motion with shallow hypocenters and correlate with areas of ground subsidence deduced from gravity data. One set in the northeastern aftershock area is related to shallow extensional stresses caused by the steepening of the main fault plane. The other set is probably caused by a deviation of displacements along the down step of the main fault surface that resulted in localized ground subsidence near the western end of the main fault break. Several lines of evidence indicate that a horizontal compressional stress in a north or north-northwest direction was added to the stresses in the aftershock area 12 days after the main shock. After this change, events were contained in bursts along the down step, and sequencing within the bursts provides evidence for an earthquake-triggering phenomenon that propagates with speeds of 5\u201315 km/day. Seismicity before the San Fernando series and the mapped structure of the area suggest that the down step of the main fault surface is not a localized discontinuity but is part of a zone of weakness extending from Point Dume, near Malibu, to Palmdale on the San Andreas fault. This zone is interpreted as a decoupling boundary between crustal blocks that permits them to deform separately in the prevalent crustal shortening mode of the Transverse ranges region.", "date": "1973-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Reviews of Geophysics", "volume": "11", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "693-730", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140924-134415224", "issn": "8755-1209", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140924-134415224", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-29920" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2318", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/RG011i003p00693", "primary_object": { "basename": "rog267.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dydj3-sx048/files/rog267.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Whitcomb, James H.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zgr40-xs756", "eprint_id": 49773, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:13:12", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:09:33", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Helmberger-D-V", "name": { "family": "Helmberger", "given": "Donald V." } } ] }, "title": "Search for temporal changes in seismic velocities using large explosions in southern California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1973 Stanford University.\n\nPublished - Allen_1973p436.pdf
", "abstract": "For many years, large explosions within the\nCaltech seismic network have occurred periodically at a\nquarry near Corona (75 km southeast of Pasadena) and at\nthe Eagle Mountain iron mine (240 km east of Pasadena).\nExplosions have taken place almost daily since 1948 at\nEagle Mountain. The long-established station at Hayfield,\nvery close to the mine, permits accurate determinations of\napparent velocities to distant stations such as Barrett,\nand this particular path crosses the epicentral region of\nthe 1968 Borrego Mountain earthquake (M = 6.4). The first\narrival at Barrett, at a distance of 172 km, is a refracted\nwave, but a distinct second arrival presumably represents a\ncrustal phase. There has been no systematic change in the\napparent P-wave velocity of either phase since 1962;\nmaximum observed variation from the mean velocities is less\nthan 2% for 32 events distributed throughout the 1962-1973\nperiod. Fewer but larger events have taken place at Corona\nsince 1949. Nine of these events at roughly three-year\nintervals were recorded throughout the network as well as\nonsite for timing purposes. The observed variation in\nP-wave velocity is less than 3-1/2% for all paths, and\nall variations can probably be explained by instrumental\nand reading inaccuracies. Because of the timing of events\nand their locations, the results from Eagle Mountain and\nCorona do not completely rule out dilatancy effects prior\nto the Borrego Mountain and San Fernando earthquakes --\nthe two major shocks of this period. But the observations\ndo put certain restrictions on the possible size and nature\nof any proposed dilatancy regions, and there are no\ndiscernible systematic trends in the 24 years of data along\nany paths.", "date": "1973", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Stanford University", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-094944198", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-094944198", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2371", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Kovach-R-L", "name": { "family": "Kovach", "given": "Robert L." } }, { "id": "Nur-A", "name": { "family": "Nur", "given": "Amos" } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1973p436.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zgr40-xs756/files/Allen_1973p436.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Helmberger, Donald V." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xsae2-6jg16", "eprint_id": 49795, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:43:53", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:09:39", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Wyss-M", "name": { "family": "Wyss", "given": "Max" } }, { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Grantz-A", "name": { "family": "Grantz", "given": "Arthur" } }, { "id": "Wallace-R-E", "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "Robert E." } } ] }, "title": "Displacements on the Imperial, Superstition Hills, and San Andreas Faults Triggered by the Borrego Mountain Earthquake", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1972p87.pdf
", "abstract": "The Borrego Mountain earthquake of April 9, 1968, triggered\nsmall but consistent surface displacements on three\nfaults far outside the source area and zone of aftershock\nactivity. Right-lateral displacement of 1-2 1/2 cm occurred\nalong 22, 23, and 30 km of the Imperial, Superstition Hills,\nand San Andreas (Banning-Mission Creek) faults, respectively,\nat distances of 70, 45, and 50 km from the epicenter.\nAlthough these displacements were not noticed until 4 days\nafter the earthquake, their association with the earthquake\nis suggested by the freshness of the resultant en echelon\ncracks at that time and by the absence of creep along most\nof these faults during the year before or the year after the\nevent. Dynamic strain associated with the shaking is a\nmore likely cause of the distant displacements than is the\nstatic strain associated with the faulting at Borrego Mountain\nbecause (1) the dynamic strain was much larger and\n(2) the static strain at the San Andreas fault was in the\nwrong sense for the observed displacement. The principal\nsurface displacements on the Imperial fault took place within\n4 days of the earthquake and may have occurred simultaneously\nwith the passage of the seismic waves, but the\npossibility of delayed propagation to the surface is indicated\nby a 1971 event on the Imperial fault in which the surface\ndisplacement followed the triggering earthquake by 3-6 days.\nAll three of the distant faults are \"active\" in that they show\nevidence of repeated Quaternary movement, and surface displacements\noccurred only along those segments where the\nfault trace is well delineated in surface exposures, at least\nin uncultivated areas. This is the first documented example\nof fault displacement triggered by seismic shaking far from\nthe source area, although such displacement has probably\ngone undetected many previous times here and in similar\ntectonic environments. This phenomenon forces us to be\nmuch more conservative in estimating the probabilities of\ndamage from surface displacements along active faults in\nseismic regions.", "date": "1972", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-144807996", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-144807996", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1833", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1972p87.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xsae2-6jg16/files/Allen_1972p87.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Wyss, Max; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3m4dr-5b832", "eprint_id": 49794, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:43:49", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:09:37", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-J-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "John M." } } ] }, "title": "Foreshock, Main Shock, and Larger Aftershocks of the Borrego Mountain Earthquake", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1972p16.pdf
", "abstract": "The Borrego Mountain earthquake, magnitude 6.4, occurred\nat 02:28:59.1 G.m.t. on April 9, 1968 and has been assigned\na hypocenter at 33\u00b011.4' N., 116\u00b007.7' W., h=11.1 km. The\nfocal-mechanism solution indicates right-lateral slip on a fault\nstriking N. 48\u00b0 W. and dipping 83\u00b0 NE., which is consistent\nwith the field observations of faulting and the regional tectonic\nframework. A single foreshock of magnitude 3.7 preceded the\nmain shock by one minute, but no other precursory activity has\nbeen identified. During the year following the event, 135 aftershocks\nof magnitude 3.0 and greater have been identified and\nlocated, outlining a broad zone of activity centered on but displaced\n2-3 km northeast of the 33-km-long surface rupture on\nthe Coyote Creek fault. Fracturing at depth during the aftershock\nperiod evidently occurred throughout the width of the\nSan Jacinto fault zone, but initial surface faulting was localized\nalong the Coyote Creek fault at the zone's southwestern\nmargin. The area of aftershock activity enlarged progressively\nwith time, and the region of the original epicenter became relatively\ninactive late in the aftershock period, leading to a\ndoughnut-shaped epicentral distribution of late aftershocks.\nInasmuch as the epicenter of the main shock was roughly midway\nalong the zone of aftershock activity, the faulting presumably\nwas bilateral. This kind of faulting is unusual in\nCalifornia.", "date": "1972", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-144224324", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140917-144224324", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1953", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1972p16.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3m4dr-5b832/files/Allen_1972p16.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Nordquist, John M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qg2q-2fv31", "eprint_id": 49899, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:44:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:18:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Seismological investigations", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - Allen_1972p9.pdf
", "abstract": "The San Fernando earthquake of 9 February 1971, now assigned a magnitude\nof 6.4 by the Pasadena Network, occurred in an area of low to moderate\nseismic activity in the years preceding 1971. There were no known\nreasons to suspect a major earthquake in this area more than in many other\ngeologically and seismologically similar areas in Southern California, and\nthere were no recognized events precursory to the main shock. It is assigned\nan epicenter at 34\u00b024.7 min. N., 118\u00b024.0 min. W., and a depth of\nabout 8 1/2 km. The seismic and geologic field data are in good agreement\nin pointing to a major N-dipping thrust fault as the cause of the earthquake.\nThe aftershock sequence has been normal and is still continuing;\nmajor aftershocks delineate a lunate-shaped area that corresponds well to\nthe assumed edge of the broken segment of the thrust fault except near\nGranada Hills and Chatsworth, where several larger aftershocks that have\ncaused additional damage are not obviously related to the thrust fault of\nthe main shock. The principal geologic and seismologic lesson of the\nearthquake is that, with some exceptions, we cannot as yet delineate in\ndetail areas of markedly different seismic risk, and that for purposes of\npublic policy in zoning and building codes, all of coastal California\nmust be assumed to chare a relatively high earthquake hazard.", "date": "1972", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Notes", "volume": "43", "number": "1", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "9", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140922-105003618", "issn": "0012-8287", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140922-105003618", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1972p9.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qg2q-2fv31/files/Allen_1972p9.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wz2xg-99x69", "eprint_id": 48443, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:26:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 19:21:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Abrams-M", "name": { "family": "Abrams", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Anderson-D-L", "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Berkey-N", "name": { "family": "Berkey", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Carey-D", "name": { "family": "Carey", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Carter-B", "name": { "family": "Carter", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Davies-G", "name": { "family": "Davies", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Engen-G-R", "name": { "family": "Engen", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Foley-M-G", "name": { "family": "Foley", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Hanks-T-C", "name": { "family": "Hanks", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Helmberger-D-V", "name": { "family": "Helmberger", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Hileman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hileman", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Jordan-T", "name": { "family": "Jordan", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Jungels-P", "name": { "family": "Jungels", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "Kamb-B", "name": { "family": "Kamb", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Liu-H", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "H." } }, { "id": "Minster-B", "name": { "family": "Minster", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-J-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Penrose-B", "name": { "family": "Penrose", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Silver-L-T", "name": { "family": "Silver", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Smith-R", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Thatcher-W", "name": { "family": "Thatcher", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Thomsen-L", "name": { "family": "Thomsen", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Whitcomb-J-H", "name": { "family": "Whitcomb", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Wood-S", "name": { "family": "Wood", "given": "S." } } ] }, "title": "Preliminary seismological and geological studies of the San Fernando, California, earthquake of February 9 1971", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1971, by the Seismological Society of America.\n\nMany aspects of this study have been made possible by contributions over the years by the\nCaltech Earthquake Research Affiliates, a group of private sponsors whose help is particularly\nappreciated at times such as this. Postearthquake aerial photographic coverage was kindly supplied\nby the U.S. Geological Survey and Woodward, Lundgren and Associates. We also appreciate\nthe generosity and the spirit of free communication that has typified all the groups and individuals\ninvestigating this earthquake.\n\nPublished - 491.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The San Fernando earthquake was the largest earthquake to occur in the metropolitan Los\nAngeles area in more than 50 years. It has tentatively been assigned a magnitude, M_L of 6.6, a focal\ndepth of 13.0 km, and an epicentral location about 12 km east of Newhall, California, at 34\u00b024.0'N,\n118\u00b023.7'W (Figure 1), but these figures undoubtedly will be modified as further data become available.\nAlthough the focal depth is not as well defined as the epicenter, it is consistent with other\nobservations suggesting thrusting on a fault plane dipping north about 45 \u00b0 and breaking the surface\nin the Sylmar-San Fernando area (Figure 1). It should be emphasized that the hypocenter of\nthe main shock represents only the point of initial rupture. Breaking, presumably, then propagated\nsouthward and upward from this point, so that the main geological and engineering effects\nwere observed farther south where the fault was shallower and the displacement greater. The location\nof the main shock is based on readings from permanent stations of the Caltech network, as\nwell as the U. S. Geological Survey station at Point Mugu (SBLG) and the California Department\nof Water Resources stations at Pyramid (PYR) and Cedar Springs (CSP). Portable Caltech seismographs\nwere installed in the epicentral area as early as 3 hr following the main shock, and,\nwithin a few days, there were at least 30 portable units in the region operated by various groups\nand agencies.", "date": "1971-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "61", "number": "2", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "491-495", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140812-151015768", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140812-151015768", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Earthquake Research Affiliates" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1986", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "491.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wz2xg-99x69/files/491.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1971", "author_list": "Abrams, M.; Allen, C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v5cpd-zp625", "eprint_id": 98499, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:19:58", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:55:55", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wentworth-C-M", "name": { "family": "Wentworth", "given": "Carl M." } }, { "id": "Yerkes-R-F", "name": { "family": "Yerkes", "given": "R. F." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geologic Setting and Activity of Faults in the San Fernando Area, California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1971 USGS.\n\nPublished - Allen_1971p6.pdf
", "abstract": "The faulting associated with the San Fernando earthquake of February 9, 1971, occurred in the Transverse Ranges structural province, a region noted for its strong and relatively young tectonic deformation. This is, however, the first example of historic surface faulting within the interior of that province.", "date": "1971", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "United States Geological Survey", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-153619517", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-153619517", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "doi": "10.3133/pp733", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1971p6.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v5cpd-zp625/files/Allen_1971p6.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1971", "author_list": "Wentworth, Carl M.; Yerkes, R. F.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/69yd0-pxq15", "eprint_id": 49978, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:05:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:25:04", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lomnitz-C", "name": { "family": "Lomnitz", "given": "Cinna" } }, { "id": "Mooser-F", "name": { "family": "Mooser", "given": "Federico" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Thatcher-W", "name": { "family": "Thatcher", "given": "Wayne" } } ] }, "title": "Seismicity and Tectonics of the Northern Gulf of California Region, Mexico. Preliminary Results", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1970 Instituto de Geofisica de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. \n\nContribuci\u03ccn conjunta de'la Universidad Nacional Aut\u03ccnoma\nde Mexico (U.N.A.M.) (Instituto de Geofisica, Contribuci\u03ccn. No, 1042), el lnstituto Tecnol\u03ccgico de California (Division de Ciencias Geol\u03ccgicas, Contribuci\u03ccn No. 1948) y la Universidad de California, San Diego (Instituto de Geofisica y Fisica Planetaria, Contribuci\u03ccn No....\n\nThis work has, been supported in part by U.S. National\nScience Foundation grants GA-715 (Heat Flow), GA-12868 (Earthquake Mechanisms) and GA-21397 (Gulf of California Seismographic Network). The assistance of the C.F.E. in Mexicali (Ing. V. Martinez Martel, Chief) was of great importance in establishing and operating the seismographic stations.\n\nPublished - Allen_1970p37.pdf
", "abstract": "Three new seismographic statioms have been established\u00b7 in the\nnorthern Gulf of California region; Mexico. Seismicity ,during a\nrepresentative period in April and May of 1969 was concentrated\non the Imperial, San Jacinto, Sierra Juarez, .and San Miguel\nfaults, and the spread of epicentral locations was m\\!Ch less than\nhad previously been indicated. An intense earthquake swarm in\nMarch of\u00b7 1969 occurred near Consag Rock in the northern Gulf,\nand its study contributes to our understanding of the regional\ntectonics. In the northern Gulf of California and adjacent Salton\ntrough, the tectonic framework may be. approximated by a series\nof six transform faults connected by five spreading centers (ridge,\nsegments) evidenced by geothermal areas, recent .. volcanic activity,\nearthquake swarms, and submarine topographic depressions. Complexities\nin the fault pattern may be related to a northward decrease\nin spreading rates along the ridge segment,s. Five new high;\nquality seismographic stations around the \u2022Gulf of California are\nnow under construction in order to understand in more detail the\npattern of sea-floor spreading in this unique, and important region.", "date": "1970-04-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geofisica Internacional", "volume": "10", "number": "2", "publisher": "Union Fisica Mexicana", "pagerange": "37-48", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140924-091244669", "issn": "0016-7169", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140924-091244669", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-715" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-12868" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-21397" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1948", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1970p37.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/69yd0-pxq15/files/Allen_1970p37.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Lomnitz, Cinna; Mooser, Federico; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1st1c-wwp76", "eprint_id": 49913, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:55:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:18:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Matsuda-T", "name": { "family": "Matsuda", "given": "Tokihiko" } }, { "id": "Okada-A", "name": { "family": "Okada", "given": "Atsumasa" } } ] }, "title": "Relationship between seismicity and geologic structure in western Japan", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1970 Seismological Society of America.\n\nPublished - Allen_1970p14.pdf
", "abstract": "Most large on-shore shallow earthquakes in western Japan have been associated\nwith faults having a previous history of Quaternary displacements.\nHowever, the number of such Quaternary faults is very great and their average\nlength is short, so that identification of the most active and dangerous\nfaults is more difficult than in areas such as California or New Zealand that\nare dominated by obvious master faults. Physiographic features of Quaternary\nfaulting are far more abundant in western Japan than has usually been thought\nby geologists. Difficulty in recognition has been caused by heavy vegetation,\na long history of agricultural modifications, recent volcanism, and numerous\nmassive landslides. The most active-appearing faults trend either northwest\nor northeast, with predominantly strike-slip displacements of late Quaternary\nage reflecting east-west compression with remarkable uniformity. The overall\npattern is a mosaic-like structure of individual crustal blocks; only the\nMedian Tectonic Line and the Fossa Magna -- both rejuvinated features with\nearlier histories of vertical displacement -- have demonstrated lengths of\nactive strike-slip faulting exceeding 100 km. Rates of displacement on individual\nfaults, based on C_(14) ages of displaced terraces, are generally an\norder of magnitude less than that of the San Andreas fault, although the\ncumulative total may be greater. Some of the highest rates are on faults\nwithout large documented historic earthquakes, such as along the Median Tectonic\nLine in Shikoku. No creep has as yet been observed on major active\nfaults.", "date": "1970", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Earthquake Notes", "volume": "41", "number": "4", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "14", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140922-153115260", "issn": "0012-8287", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140922-153115260", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1970p14.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1st1c-wwp76/files/Allen_1970p14.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Matsuda, Tokihiko; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ncnp5-92e45", "eprint_id": 74136, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:18:29", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 20:24:25", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Active Faulting in Northern Turkey", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The author's work in Turkey was made possible by the generous cooperation of the Minerals Research and Exploration Institute (Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc - - M. T. A.), Dr. S. Alpan, General Director. \nThe field work would have been impossible without the kind help of I. Ketin of Istanbul Technical University and \u00d6zcan Aksoy of the M. T. A. In addition to the logistical help obtained through Istanbul Technical University \nand the M. T. A., the work was supported by the G. K. Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology administered through the Carnegie Institution of Washington.\n\nPublished - Allen_1969p1.pdf
", "abstract": "The North Anatolian fault zone of Turkey has become widely\npublicized in recent years because of the remarkable series of earthquakes\nthat began along it in 1939 -- most of which have been associated with\ndextral surface displacements that have successively delineated the fault\ntrace from east to west (Ketin and Roesli, 1953; Ambraseys and Z\u00e1topek,\n1968). It is not so generally recognized that even prior to 1939 the fault\nzone could easily have been recognized on the basis of abundant and through-going\nfeatures of Quaternary displacements, and that the North Anatolian\nfault is almost completely analogous to the better-known active transcurrent\nfaults of the circum-Pacific region, such as the San Andreas fault of\nCalifornia and the Alpine fault of New Zealand.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20170207-130936360", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170207-130936360", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Carnegie Institution of Washington" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1969p1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ncnp5-92e45/files/Allen_1969p1.pdf" }, "resource_type": "monograph", "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1gva-y6p62", "eprint_id": 48270, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:06:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 18:39:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Grantz-A", "name": { "family": "Grantz", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "J. N." } }, { "id": "Clark-M-M", "name": { "family": "Clark", "given": "M. M." } }, { "id": "Sharp-R-V", "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "R. V." } }, { "id": "Theodore-T-G", "name": { "family": "Theodore", "given": "T. G." } }, { "id": "Wolfe-E-W", "name": { "family": "Wolfe", "given": "E. W." } }, { "id": "Wyss-M", "name": { "family": "Wyss", "given": "M." } } ] }, "title": "The Borrego Mountain, California, earthquake of 9 April 1968: A preliminary report", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1968, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received April 29, 1968. \n\nParticipation in this study by the California Institute of Technology was supported by National Science Foundation Grant GA-1087. \n\nA joint contribution of the California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological\nSciences (Contribution No. 1532) and the National Center for Earthquake Research, U.S.\nGeological Survey.\n\nPublished - 1183.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The largest earthquake to hit California in more than 15 years occurred at\n02:28:58.9 GCT on 9 April 1968 near Borrego Mountain, on the western edge of\nthe Imperial Valley. The Seismological Laboratory at Pasadena has tentatively\nassigned the shock a magnitude of 6.5, an epicentral location of 33 \u00b0 08.8' N, 116 \u00b0\n07.5' W, and a focal depth of 20 km. The earthquake was felt throughout most\nof southern California and adjacent areas, but the absence of severe damage and\ncasualties was in large part due to the relatively undeveloped nature of the epicentral\nregion. Indeed, it would have been difficult to pick a location in the southernmost\npart of the State more remote from centers of population.", "date": "1968-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "58", "number": "3", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "1183-1186", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140808-162822683", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140808-162822683", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-1087" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1532", "name": "Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1183.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1gva-y6p62/files/1183.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; Grantz, A.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/20vkn-wpa66", "eprint_id": 50896, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:55:50", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:11:02", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Low-Stress-Drop, Low-Magnitude Earthquake with Surface Faulting: The Imperial, California, Earthquake of March 4, 1966", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1968 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "Right-lateral surface displacement reaching a maximum of 1 1/2 cm occurred over a 10-km\nsection of the Imperial fault in association with a magnitude 3.6 earthquake on March 4,\n1966, the smallest known earthquake yet associated with surface displacement. The displacement\nis documented by field observations of en echelon cracking in pavement and the offset\nof the white center line of Highway 80. The shallow depth of the earthquake source, the\nhigh excitation of waves in the top layer of sediments and of love waves of 8-15 sec periods,\nthe distribution of aftershocks, and the agreement between the source moment as calculated\nfrom the observed faulting and from the amplitudes of love waves supports the association of\nthe observed displacement with the March 4 earthquake.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-073926940", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-073926940", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Brune, James N. and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x2w2m-dff30", "eprint_id": 50886, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:55:36", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:10:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Press-F", "name": { "family": "Press", "given": "Frank" } } ] }, "title": "Microearthquake Survey of the Southern San Andreas Fault, California", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1968 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "Microearthquakes have been systematically recorded with magnitudes down to -1.5 at 38\nlocations along the southern San Andreas fault during intervals of 2 days to 1 year. Eight\ntrailer-mounted instruments could be operated at most sites with a peak gain of at least 10\nmillion at 30 cps with 1-mm noise amplitude.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-153809250", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-153809250", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Brune, James N.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/58k0f-7ge11", "eprint_id": 50753, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:55:29", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:10:50", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Recent Faulting in Northern Turkey", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1966 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "The North Anatolian fault of Turkey is almost completely analogous to the San Andreas\nand other active regional strike-slip faults. Convincing evidence of extensive faulting can be\ntraced continuously from more than 900 km in a broad arc from west of Abant to east of\nKarhova, except for two areas of en echelon offset near Niksar and Erzincan. Distinctive rift\ntopography and abundant physiographic features of Quaternary faulting such as scarps and\nabundant physiographic features of Quaternary faulting such as scarps and sag-ponds mark\nthe fault throughout; they are particularly well exposed at Gerede, north of Havza and\nLadik, at Destek, and east of Su\u015fehri. Consistent dextralstream offsets of several hundred\nmeters characterize most segments, and many large rivers show much greater offsets. Strikingly\nsimilar to the Garlock-San Andreas pattern is the fault junction 10 km east of Karliova, where the southeast-trending North Anatolian fault is abutted by a major northeast-trending\nactive fault zone that can be traced discontinuously southwest at least 200 km\nthrough Hazar Golii and is probably an extension of the sinistral Dead Sea fault system.\nNeither fault zone has obvious physiographic expression east of the junction near Karhova.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141023-150223753", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141023-150223753", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ew5f9-fqf44", "eprint_id": 50892, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:55:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:37:15", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "San Andreas Fault: Tectonic Environment and Seismicity", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1968 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "San Andreas fault is the dominating active tectonic feature of the western United States and\nreflects a far-reaching and long-lasting stress system. Despite continuity within the continent,\nhowever, abrupt changes in tectonic style at the continental border suggest mechanical decoupling\nbetween continental and oceanic blocks. The mechanical relationship between the\nSan Andreas fault system and deep-ocean features such as fracture zones and the east Pacific\nRise represents the most challenging tectonic problem of western North America.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-072824772", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-072824772", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6at19-53x06", "eprint_id": 50044, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:55:22", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 22:27:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The tectonic environments of seismically active and inactive areas along the San Andreas fault system", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1968 Stanford University.\n\nThe author appreciates the opportunity for discussions with and\ncriticisms by Drs. Arden L. Albee, James N. Brune, and Charles F. Richter.\nThese hypotheses are based on work that has been supported by National\nScience Foundation grants GP-2806 and GA-1087 as well as by the G. K.\nGilbert Award in Seismic Geology from the bequest of the late Harry O.\nWood.\n\nPublished - Allen_1968p70.pdf
", "abstract": "On several recent occasions the author has made the statement that\nin California the geologist is in a somewhat better position than is\nthe seismologist to delineate areas of high seismic hazard from great\nearthquakes, simply because of the inadequacy of the statistical sample\nbased on the relatively short seismic history as compared to the\nmuch greater time span that the geologist is able to interpret from the\nQuaternary geologic history. A number of recent studies have pointed\nout the lack of correlation between areas of current seismic activity\nand areas of great earthquakes in the historic past (Niazi, 1964; Allen\nand others, 1965; Ryall and others, 1966; Brune and Allen, 1967a). The\npurpose of this paper is to go one step further and ask if the geologist\ncan say anything about the maximum size of earthquakes that might be\ngenerated in any area on the basis of its distinctive geologic features.\nMore specifically, are different segments of the San Andreas fault-which\ncurrently show markedly varying mechanisms of strain release\nranging from continuous creep to infrequent great earthquakes--characterized\nby contrasting geologic features that might suggest that these\ndifferences in current behavior are permanent rather than temporary\ncharacteristics of these individual fault segments? That is, are there\ngeologic features that might somehow allow us to predict that some segments\nof the fault will be the repeated sites of great earthquakes,\nwhereas other segments might never experience great earthquakes but\ninstead be characterized by continuous creep or by numerous smaller\nshocks? If those same segments of the fault that show distinctive\nstrain-release characteristics also show distinctive geologic characteristics,\nthen one must suspect that the answer to this question is\nindeed \"yes,\" although such an affirmative answer must be contingent\non a demonstration that this is mechanically reasonable and possible.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Stanford University Publications. Geological Sciences", "volume": "11", "publisher": "Stanford University", "pagerange": "70-80", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140925-154925974", "issn": "0081-4350", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140925-154925974", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP-2806" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GA-1087" }, { "agency": "G. K. Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1496", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1968p70.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6at19-53x06/files/Allen_1968p70.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q43d2-gh882", "eprint_id": 50927, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:50:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:39:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquakes, Faulting, and Nuclear Reactors", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1967 California Institute of Technology.\n\n\"Earthquakes, Faulting, and Nuclear Reactors\" has been adapted\nfrom a talk given to the International Association of Atomic\nEnergy panel meeting on Aseismic Design and Testing of Nuclear\nFacilities in Tokyo, June 1967.\n\nPublished - Allen_1967p10.pdf
", "abstract": "Most of the recent controversy concerning seismic\nhazards to proposed nuclear facilities in California\nhas centered not on the usual problems of\nearthquake-resistant design but instead on the possible\nhazards associated with ground displacements\nby faulting through the foundation of a nuclear\nplant. In addition, there has been much difference\nof opinion as to the maximum credible earthquake\nthat should be specified for any given area.", "date": "1967-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "31", "number": "2", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "10-16", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-102517859", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-102517859", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1967p10.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q43d2-gh882/files/Allen_1967p10.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2pp2x-6qv73", "eprint_id": 47825, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:43:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 21:17:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "A low-stress-drop, low-magnitude earthquake with surface faulting: The Imperial, California, earthquake of March 4, 1966", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1967, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received December 12, 1966. \n\nThese observations were carried out in connection with a broader study of active faults in\nsouthern California supported by National Science Foundation grant GP-2806 (Upper Mantle\nProject). Critical comments of Drs. Arden Albee and Leon Knopoff are appreciated.\n\nPublished - 501.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Right-lateral surface displacement reaching 1 1/2 centimeters occurred over a ten-kilometer section of the Imperial fault in association with a magnitude 3.6 earthquake on March 4, 1966, the smallest known earthquake yet associated with surface displacement. The displacement is documented by field observations of en-echelon cracking in pavement and the offset of the white center line of Highway 80. The association of the observed displacement with the March 4 earthquake is supported by the shallow depth of the earthquake source, the high excitation of waves in the top layer of sediments, the high excitation of Love waves of period 8-15 seconds, the distribution of aftershocks, and the agreement between the source moment as calculated from the observed faulting and from the amplitudes of Love waves. Calculations based on faulting theory indicate a fault depth of 1.1 km, a net moment of 2 \u00d7 10^(22) dyne-cm, a stress drop of 1.1 bar and an energy release of 10^(17) ergs. The remarkable internal consistency of the various calculations provides strong support for the faulting mechanism. It is suggested that low stress drops and relatively large fault lengths may be associated with many other small earthquakes and that allowance must be made for a wide range in the stress drops and fault lengths for any given magnitude range.", "date": "1967-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "57", "number": "3", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "501-514", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-141944225", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-141944225", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP-2806" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1434", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "501.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2pp2x-6qv73/files/501.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Brune, James N. and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qsz6v-95m54", "eprint_id": 47799, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:40:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 21:14:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brune-J-N", "name": { "family": "Brune", "given": "James N." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "A micro-earthquake survey of the San Andreas fault system in southern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1967, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received September 22, 1966. \n\nWe are especially indebted to Mr. Francis Lehner for supervision of the field program as\nwell as for the design of most of the equipment. Mr. John Lower and Mr. Daniel Tanner carried\nout most of the actual field operation. Miss Gladys Engen assisted in the computations,\nand Mr. Paul Richards and Mr. David Jackson read many of the records. Initial operation of\nthe micro-earthquake trailers was inaugurated under the direction of Dr. Frank Press. \n\nThe construction of the micro-earthquake trailers was supported by the Air Force Office of\nScientific Research, Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force, under AFOSR\ncontract number AF-49(638)-1337, and the entire field program was supported by National\nScience Foundation grant GP 2806 (Upper Mantle Project).\n\nPublished - 277.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Micro-earthquakes have been systematically recorded with magnitudes down to -1.3 at more than 60 sites along the San Andreas fault system in southern California during intervals of 2 days to 1 year, representing more than 35,000 hours of usable records. Eight trailer-mounted instruments were operated with peak gains of 4-8 million at 20 cps with noise levels averaging about 0.1 mu amplitude of ground motion.\n\nObserved micro-earthquake activity varies from virtually nil along the central section of the San Andreas fault to more than 75 shocks daily in the Imperial Valley. Quietest is the 300-km segment between Cholame and Valyermo; more than one year of recording at Lake Hughes indicates an average of only one micro-earthquake within 24 km every nine days. Activity increases northward from Cholame toward Hollister, and southward it increases abruptly near Valyermo and continues high along major branches of the fault southeast into Mexico, with the exception of the Banning-Mission Creek fault southeast of Desert Hot Springs. Most areas where regional strain or fault creep have been demonstrated by geodetic measurements are also areas of high micro-earthquake activity. Existence of an area of minimal micro-earthquake activity within a broad region of active tectonism, and indeed along the very segment of the fault that broke in the great 1857 earthquake, suggests that short-term micro-earthquake activity is not necessarily positively correlated with long-term activity and with earthquake hazard, and in some areas the relationship may be inverse. However, areal distribution of micro-earthquake activity is grossly similar to that of larger earthquakes (M \u2267 3) during the past 29 years, and in many areas micro-earthquake activity can be approximately predicted by extrapolation of 29-year recurrence curves based solely on larger earthquakes.", "date": "1967-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "57", "number": "2", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "277-296", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-111341811", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-111341811", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-49(638)-1337" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP 2806" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1422", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "277.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qsz6v-95m54/files/277.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Brune, James N. and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5v098-53h09", "eprint_id": 47858, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:27:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 21:18:38", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Oakeshott-G-B", "name": { "family": "Oakeshott", "given": "Gordon B." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Smith-S-W", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Stewart W." } }, { "id": "Pakiser-L-C", "name": { "family": "Pakiser", "given": "L. C." } }, { "id": "McEvilly-T-V", "name": { "family": "McEvilly", "given": "T. V." } }, { "id": "Cloud-W-K", "name": { "family": "Cloud", "given": "William K." } }, { "id": "Steinbrugge-K-V", "name": { "family": "Steinbrugge", "given": "Karl V." } } ] }, "title": "Parkfield earthquakes of June 27-29, 1966, Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties, California\u2014Preliminary report", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1966, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscripts received July 15, 1966.\n\nDiscussions in the field with Lloyd S. Cluff, D. B. Slemmons, and Karl V. Steinbrugge are\ngreatly appreciated. In addition to the individual authors of the sections which follow, useful\ninformation is gratefully acknowledged from M. G. Bonilla, R. O. Castle, J. P. Eaton, R.\nKachadoorian, J. Schlocker, and R. F. Yerkes, all of the U. S. Geological Survey.\n\nPublished - 961.full.pdf
", "abstract": "Two earthquakes, M = 5.3 and 5.5, shook the Parkfield area in southern Monterey County, California, at 0409:56.5 and 0426:13.8 GMT, 28 June 1966. They were preceded by foreshocks on the same day at 0100 and 0115. A third shock, M = 5.0, occurred in the same area at 1953:26.2 on 29 June. The earthquakes were followed by a heavy sequence of aftershocks with epicenters along the San Andreas fault zone extending for about 15 miles southward beyond Cholame in San Luis Obispo County. A P-wave first-motion fault plane solution shows strike of vertical fault plane is N 33\u00b0W, coinciding with a surface zone of en echelon fault fractures in the pattern characteristic of right-lateral, strike-slip movement. The motion appears to have an upward component on the west side, at about 20\u00b0 from pure strike slip. Extensive instrumentation within a few miles of the epicentral district gave unusually complete records from foreshock to aftershock sequence. A strong-motion instrument in the fault zone near Cholame recorded the unusually high horizontal acceleration of 0.5 g.\n\nThe epicentral region of the earthquakes is on a known active segment of the San Andreas fault. Earthquakes in 1901, 1922, and 1934 in this region were also accompanied by surface faulting. On the published State geologic map, scale 1:250,000, the San Andreas fault zone shows a braided pattern of several branching en echelon major faults. Topographic forms, typical of the features of rift valleys, testify to the recency of fault movements. Small right-lateral surficial displacements had been recognized prior to the late June earthquakes in at least three places on the Parkfield-Cholame trace of the fault. Similar creep, or slippage, has continued since the earthquakes. Extensive nets of survey markers installed by 30 June across the active fault trace had recorded slippage as great as 0.1 inch per day by 12 July. The fault trace associated with the earthquakes is principally in alluvium of unknown depth in Cholame Valley, apparently a faulted graben within the San Andreas fault zone. Under a blanket of Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary rocks in this part of the southern Coast Ranges, the great fault separates Jurassic-Cretaceous granitic and metamorphic rocks in the western block from Late Jurassic eugeosynclinal sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Franciscan Formation in the eastern block.\n\nIn spite of the large horizontal acceleration recorded near the fault, very little building damage occurred in this sparsely populated region. Small concrete and steel bridges in, and adjacent to the fault trace, did not have their structural strength impaired.", "date": "1966-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "56", "number": "4", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "961-971", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-163107322", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-163107322", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "961.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5v098-53h09/files/961.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Oakeshott, Gordon B.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mf23x-f7z27", "eprint_id": 62279, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:08:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 17:01:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Transcurrent Faults in Continental Areas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1965 The Royal Society. \n\nPublished 28 October 1965.", "abstract": "Seismic fault-plane solutions, displacements observed during historic earthquakes, and an increasing number of geological reports of active transcurrent faults in many parts of the world all suggest that transcurrent faulting is a far more important tectonic process than has usually been recognized. Characteristic features of active transcurrent faults-easily overlooked in the absence of aerial photographs-include: abundant Recent scarps that often show a scissoring relationship to one another; elongate closed depressions; consistently offset streams; and unique rift topography that is remarkably linear over distances of hundreds of kilometers. Thrusts that steepen abruptly with depth typify many transcurrent faults at the base of steep mountain fronts and have led to delays in recognition in some areas. Most puzzling of the great transcurrent fault zones are those of the circum-Pacific rim, where the relationship between major transcurrent faults of the continental margins and structures of the deep ocean floor is obscure. The Gulf of California is one region that appears transitional in that it combines many attributes of extensional rift valleys with those of transcurrent faults. Transcurrent displacements, particularly those of large magnitude, add to the attractiveness of the continental drift hypothesis, but demonstrated movements in the circum-Pacific zone are largely parallel to continental margins and thus fail to fit neatly with most theories of orogenesis and drift.", "date": "1965-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical and physical sciences", "volume": "258", "number": "1088", "publisher": "Royal Society", "pagerange": "82-89", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151120-091941666", "issn": "0080-4614", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151120-091941666", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1218", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1098/rsta.1965.0023", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1965", "author_list": "Allen, C. R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/99yqz-zx898", "eprint_id": 122189, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:06:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 19:05:46", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Engineering Implications of Seismic Geology", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published - 5_-_Engineering_Implications_of_Seismic_Geology..._C.R._Allen.pdf
", "abstract": "Earthquakes are generally but not exclusively concentrated in regions of youthful mountains. Such areas include very large segments of the globe, however, and history has demonstrated that there are few areas -- if any -- where the \"earthquake problem\" can be completely neglected. Nevertheless, by far the greatest amount of seismic activity is concentrated in the circum-Pacific and Alpine-Himalayan zones, and it is in these areas, such as the western United States and Canada, that the geologist and engineer are faced with the most challenging and continuing problems. The challenge is further complicated by the fact that engineers are constantly being asked to design larger and more imaginative structures, and alternative construction sites are continually becoming less and less available.", "date": "1965-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "University of British Columbia", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20230710-230718888", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230710-230718888", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1372", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "5_-_Engineering_Implications_of_Seismic_Geology..._C.R._Allen.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/99yqz-zx898/files/5_-_Engineering_Implications_of_Seismic_Geology..._C.R._Allen.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1965", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxnpf-aew95", "eprint_id": 47846, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:04:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 21:18:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "St-Amand-P", "name": { "family": "St. Amand", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "Richter-C-F", "name": { "family": "Richter", "given": "C. F." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-J-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "J. M." } } ] }, "title": "Relationship between seismicity and geologic structure in the Southern California region", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1965, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received March 15, 1965. \n\nThis study would not have been possible without the assistance of many members of the\nPasadena Seismological Laboratory, who through the years have determined epicenters and\nmagnitudes from seismograph records of the southern California network. Nor would the study\nhave been possible without the wholehearted support of the U. S. Naval Ordnance Test Station\nat China Lake, California, where the IBM cards were initially punched and sorted with the\nhelp of Mrs. Marjorie Caro. Among those who have been particularly helpful at various stages\nof the project are T. Neil Davis, John K. Gardner, Stewart W. Smith, and Violet Taylor. We\nare indebted to Drs. Hugo Benioff and Frank Press for criticism of the manuscript. Generous\nfinancial support for various stages of this work has come from the California Institute of\nTechnology, the U: S. Navy, the G. K. Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology (to CRA), the Advanced\nResearch Projects Agency, monitored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research\nunder Contract AF 49 (638)-1337, and National Science Foundation Grant No. GP-2806 (Upper\nMantle Project).\n\nPublished - 753.full.pdf
Supplemental Material - map.PDF
", "abstract": "Data from 10,126 earthquakes that occurred in the southern California region between 1934 and 1963 have been synthesized in the attempt to understand better their relationship to regional geologic structure, which is here dominated by a system of faults related mainly to the San Andreas system. Most of these faults have been considered \"active\" from physiographic evidence, but both geologic and short-term seismic criteria for \"active\" versus \"inactive\" faults are generally inadequate.\n\nOf the large historic earthquakes that have been associated with surficial fault displacements, most and perhaps all were on major throughgoing faults having a previous history of extensive Quaternary displacements. The same relationship holds for most earthquakes down to magnitude 6.0, but smaller shocks are much more randomly spread throughout the region, and most are not clearly associated with any mappable surficial faults.\n\nVirtually all areas of high seismicity in this region fall within areas having numerous Quaternary fault scarps, but not all intensely faulted areas have been active during this particular 29-year period. Strain-release maps show high activity in the Salton trough, the Agua Blanca-San Miguel fault region of Baja California, most of the Transverse Ranges, the central Mojave Desert, and the Owens Valley-southern Sierra Nevada region. Areas of low activity include the San Diego region, the western and easternmost Mojave Desert, and the southern San Joaquin Valley. Because these areas also generally lack Quaternary faults, they probably represent truly stable blocks. In contrast, regions of low seismicity during this period that show widespread Quaternary faulting include the San Andreas fault within and north of the Transverse Ranges, the Garlock fault, and several quiescent zones along major faults within otherwise very active regions. We suspect that seismic quiescence in large areas may be temporary and that they represent likely candidates for future large earthquakes. Without more adequate geodetic control, however, it is not known that strain is necessarily accumulating in all of these areas. Even in areas of demonstrated regional shearing, the relative importance of elastic strain accumulation versus fault slippage is unknown, although slippage is clearly not taking place everywhere along major \"active\" faults of the region.\n\nRecurrence curves of earthquake magnitude versus frequency are presented for six tectonically distinct 8500-km^2 areas within the region. They suggest either that an area of this small size or that a sample period of only 29 years is insufficient for establishing valid recurrence expectancies; on this basis the San Andreas fault would be the least hazardous zone of the region, because only a few small earthquakes have occurred here during this particular period. Although recurrence expectancies apparently break down for these smaller areas, historic records suggest that the calculated recurrence rate of 52 years for M = 8.0 earthquakes for the entire region may well be valid. Neither a fault map nor the 29-year seismic record provides sufficient information for detailed seismic zoning maps; not only are many other geologic factors important in determining seismic risk, but the strain-release or epicenter map by itself may give a partially reversed picture of future seismic expectance.\n\nSeismic and structural relationships suggest that the fault theory still provides the most satisfactory explanation of earthquakes in this region.", "date": "1965-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "55", "number": "4", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "753-797", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-153618014", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-153618014", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "U. S. Navy" }, { "agency": "G. K. Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology" }, { "agency": "Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-1337" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP-2806" } ] }, "doi": "10.1785/BSSA0550040753", "primary_object": { "basename": "753.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxnpf-aew95/files/753.full.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "map.PDF", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxnpf-aew95/files/map.PDF" } ], "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1965", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; St. Amand, P.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e0qyk-y2d70", "eprint_id": 49926, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:34:16", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 16:10:02", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Biehler-S", "name": { "family": "Biehler", "given": "Shawn" } }, { "id": "Kovach-R-L", "name": { "family": "Kovach", "given": "Robert L." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geophysical framework of northern end of Gulf of California structural province", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964 American Association of Petroleum Geologists.\n\nManuscript received, June 25, 1963.\n\nThe gravity measurements in Mexico were made in\ncollaboration with the Instituto de Geof\u00edsica, Universidad\nNacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, through the\nparticipation of Ing. Julio Monges C. We are indebted\nto Dr. Lucien LaCoste of LaCoste and Romberg for\nsupplying the underwater gravimeter, and to Aerial\nControl, Inc., and Pacific Air Industries for the use of\ntheir Tellurometers. Dr. Frank Press helped supervise most of the work reported herein, and Dr. Charles\nHelsley was particularly helpful in the field program.\nOthers who assisted us in the field include S. Alexander,\nD. Harkrider, J. Healy, A. Ibrahim, R. Phinney, and\nL. Teng. Most of this work was supported by National\nScience Foundation Grant G-19778 and by the American\nPetroleum Institute.\n\nPublished - Allen_1964p126.pdf
Supplemental Material - Map.PDF
", "abstract": "More than 3,000 gravity observations in the Northern Gulf province, including an underwater\ngravity survey of the Salton Sea, show the over-all trend of isogal contours to be northwest, parallel to\nthe tectonic pattern dominated by the San Andreas fault system. Contours northeast of the trough\ntrend east, probably reflecting Transverse Range structures in this area. A prominent and linear gradient\nof 5 mgal/km marks the Banning-Mission Creek fault in the Coachella Valley but dies out southeastward\nat about the same point the surface trace disappears. The San Jacinto fault zone is characterized by a\nseries of maxima and minima that tend to confirm continuity of this fault zone to the Gulf of California.\nA 15-20 mgal maximum over the Obsidian Buttes suggests a large anomalous mass at depth, or may be\nrelated to contemporaneous metamorphism of the Tertiary sedimentary section that has recently been\nobserved in nearby steam wells. The regional gravity gradient indicates a crustal thickening northwest\nfrom the Gulf of California; inferred crustal thicknesses are 32 km at the International Border and 40 km\nat San Gorgonio Pass. Ten seismic refraction profiles in the Imperial and Coachella Valleys indicate\nseveral throughgoing velocity zones, but we are unable to correlate these with known stratigraphic units.\nThe maximum thickness of sediments in the trough appears to be about 6.4 km (21,000 ft) just south\nof the International Border, with basement becoming shallower both to the north and south. The Salton\ntrough has many geophysical and structural similarities to the Dead Sea rift, but the markedly en echelon\npattern of major faults in the Salton trough and Gulf of California appears unique. A particular problem\nis presented by their orientation, which would suggest left-lateral displacement across the zone rather\nthan the right-lateral displacement that is known to characterize at least the northern end of the province.", "date": "1964", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Association of Petroleum Geologists", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140923-093145767", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140923-093145767", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "G-19778" }, { "agency": "American Petroleum Institute" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1139", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Van-Andel-T-H", "name": { "family": "Van Andel", "given": "Tjeerd H." } }, { "id": "Shor-G-G", "name": { "family": "Shor", "given": "George G." } } ] }, "doi": "10.1306/M3359C7", "primary_object": { "basename": "Map.PDF", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e0qyk-y2d70/files/Map.PDF" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "Allen_1964p126.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e0qyk-y2d70/files/Allen_1964p126.pdf" } ], "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Biehler, Shawn; Kovach, Robert L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jj2yy-qvx96", "eprint_id": 98821, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:32:27", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:39:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Silver-L-T", "name": { "family": "Silver", "given": "L. T." } }, { "id": "Stehli-F-G", "name": { "family": "Stehli", "given": "F. G." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } } ] }, "title": "Lower Cretaceous Pre-Batholithic Rocks of Northern Baja California, Mexico", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Association of Petroleum Geologists. \n\nPresented at the XX international Geological Congress (Mexico, 1956). This paper was submitted in September, 1956, for inclusion in Volume 3 of the Cretaceous Symposium, which it now appears will not be printed. The manuscript presented here in essentially unmodified form with the kind advice and permission of Ing. Jenaro Gonzalez Reyna, secretary-general of the XX Session. Contribution No. 799, Division of Geological Sciences, California Institute of Technology. Manuscript received, July 29, 1963. \n\nIn this study the writers have had the opportunity of friendly scientific collaboration with the Institute of Geology, National University of Mexico, Ing. Guillermo P. Salas, Director. They also acknowledge the advice of Professor A. O. Woodford, and field consultations with E. C. Allison, Professor C. E. Weaver, C. R. McKinney, and with David Gottfried and Normal Silberling of the U.S. Geological Survey.\n\nPublished - 20540_firstpage.pdf
", "abstract": "Cretaceous fossils have been found at scattered localities in the pre-batholithic metamorphic rocks of northern Baja California by investigators during the past half-century. The resulting information has been inadequate, however, for the explanation of regional stratigraphic and structural relations, particularly those correlations between the less metamorphosed coastal sections and the more deformed rocks of the mountainous interior.", "date": "1963-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AAPG Bulletin", "volume": "47", "number": "12", "publisher": "American Association of Petroleum Geologists", "pagerange": "2054-2059", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190924-083419112", "issn": "0149-1423", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190924-083419112", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "799", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "20540_firstpage.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jj2yy-qvx96/files/20540_firstpage.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Silver, L. T.; Stehli, F. G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6nq2f-mhq08", "eprint_id": 98491, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:20:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:24:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquakes and Mountains Around the Pacific", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from Engineering and Science Magazine, January 1963, published at the California Institute of Technology. \n\nThe California Institute of Technology Bulletin is published quarterly.\n\nPublished - TR000564.pdf
", "abstract": "Even after a century of intensive study, the problem of the origin of mountain systems remains as possibly the greatest enigma of the earth sciences. Specifically, what is the origin of mountain-building forces, and how are these forces manifested in the crustal rocks of the earth's surface?", "date": "1963-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the California Institute of Technology", "volume": "72", "number": "1", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "1-16", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-124645148", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-124645148", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "TR000564.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6nq2f-mhq08/files/TR000564.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sqrxv-ant86", "eprint_id": 50926, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:17:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:38:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Earthquakes and Mountains Around the Pacific", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963 California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1963p24.pdf
", "abstract": "Even after a century of intensive study, the\nproblem of the origin of mountain systems remains\nas possibly the greatest enigma of the earth\nsciences. Specifically, what is the origin of mountain-\nbuilding forces, and how are these forces\nmanifested in the crustal rocks of the earth's\nsurface?", "date": "1963-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "26", "number": "4", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "24-28", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-102230096", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-102230096", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1963p24.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sqrxv-ant86/files/Allen_1963p24.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hjxbs-2ez91", "eprint_id": 50451, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:12:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:49:15", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Circum-Pacific faulting in the Philippines-Taiwan Region", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 by the American Geophysical Union.\n\nThis study was carried out with funds from the first Grove Karl Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology from the bequest of the late Harry O. Wood. The field work was possible only with the generous cooperation of the Geological Survey of Taiwan, Taiwan National University, Chinese Petroleum Corporation, University of Philippines. I am especially indebted to field colleagues C. S. Wang, T. L. Hsu, C. Y. Meng, E. A. Gamus, J. Pilac, and E. Y. Tamesis.\n\nPublished - Allen_1962p4795.pdf
", "abstract": "Conflicting views of circum-Pacific tectonics have focused on the Philippines-Taiwan region, where there has been neither convincing documentation nor general agreement on the importance of transcurrent (strike-slip) faulting or the possible sense of regional horizontal displacement. Structural and physiographic features of the 1200-km-long Philippine fault zone are fully as spectacular as those of the better-known San Andreas and Alpine faults, and current activity is indicated by many localities in which scarps cut Recent gravels. Predominance of horizontal over vertical displacements is indicated by linearity of the fault trace, failure of one side to be consistently higher than the other, disregard for gross physiography, and scissoring of individual scarps within the zone. Consistent stream offsets on Luzon, Masbate, and Leyte demonstrate unequivocally that the sense of Recent displacement has been uniformly sinistral (left-handed). The Philippine fault has no obvious geologic relationship to active volcanoes, but the parallelism and proximity of the fault to the Mindanao trench suggest a close causal relationship. The remarkable Longitudinal Valley of eastern Taiwan represents another great transcurrent fault parallel to the western Pacific rim, and ground displacements during historic earthquakes indicate a sinistral sense of displacement here as well as in the adjacent Philippines. This study does not support the hypothesis of counterclockwise rotation of the Pacific basin, but more important is the further documentation of the predominance of transcurrent faulting in active circum-Pacific orogenic areas. These results reinforce earlier field studies in Alaska, California, Chile, and New Zealand, as well as emphasizing the geological reasonability of the results of seismic fault-plane solutions indicating the world-wide predominance of transcurrent movements.", "date": "1962-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research", "volume": "67", "number": "12", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "4795-4812", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-125754188", "issn": "0148-0227", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-125754188", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Grove Karl Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1099", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/JZ067i012p04795", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1962p4795.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hjxbs-2ez91/files/Allen_1962p4795.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tktr9-pxc79", "eprint_id": 50500, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:09:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:51:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kovach-R-L", "name": { "family": "Kovach", "given": "Robert L." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Press-F", "name": { "family": "Press", "given": "Frank" } } ] }, "title": "Geophysical investigations in the Colorado Delta Region", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 by the American Geophysical Union.\n\nManuscript received February 12, 1962; revised May 2, 1962.\n\nStandard Oil Company of\nCalifornia released some gravity data for the Imperial\nValley and provided a grant-in-aid for the\nseismic field work. Grateful acknowledgment is\nmade to the Instituto de Geofisica of the Universidad\nNacional de M\u00e9xico for their collaboration\nin obtaining gravity measurements in Mexico\nand to Ing. Julio Monges C., who participated in\nthe field observations. The Texas Company released\ninformation on their Grupe-Engebretson\nwell. Special thanks are due Dr. Charles Helsley\nfor his support and advice throughout this investigation.\nDrs. J. Healy and R. Phinney and Messrs.\nD. Harkrider and S. Alexander assisted in the field work.\nMr. Shawn Biebler provided most of the gravity stations in the Niland-Calipatria area. Additional\nfinancial support was provided by the\nAmerican Petroleum Institute. The final stage of\nthis research was provided for by the National\nScience Foundation grant G-19778. Drs. Robert P.\nMeyer and Manik Talwani made valuable criticisms\nduring the preparation of the paper.\n\nPublished - Allen_1962p2845.pdf
", "abstract": "The combined approach of gravity and seismic refraction techniques was used to determine depths of the Cenozoic section and fault patterns of the Colorado delta region. Bouguer gravity anomalies range from \u221210 to \u221288 mgal with respect to the International Ellipsoid, and the trend of isogal contours is northwesterly. In the center of the basin, depths to basement estimated from gravity data are less than known minimum depths determined from seismic refraction profiles. This discrepancy suggests density complexities within the deeper parts of the stratigraphic section, an interpretation that is supported by sparse measurements from well samples; local isostatic compensation may also contribute to the discrepancy but is not thought to be the major cause. Measured seismic velocities ranged from 5650 to 20,000 ft/sec, and several consistent velocity zones were widespread above the pre-Tertiary basement; indicated depths to basement varied from 2200 feet to at least 15,400 feet, the greatest depth being near the international border. Many members of the San Andreas fault system are well delineated by gravity and seismic data, including the Elsinore and San Jacinto faults and a fault beneath the Sand Hills. Of these, the San Jacinto fault appears to be the most continuous through the delta region, but all appear to be en echelon to the trend of the San Andreas fault system as a whole.", "date": "1962-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geophysical Research", "volume": "67", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "2845-2871", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141017-135944181", "issn": "0148-0227", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141017-135944181", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Standard Oil Company" }, { "agency": "American Petroleum Institute" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "G-19778" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1069", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/JZ067i007p02845", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1962p2845.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tktr9-pxc79/files/Allen_1962p2845.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Kovach, Robert L.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t8yyq-a0q36", "eprint_id": 50445, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:58:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:49:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Circum-Pacific faulting in the Philippines-Taiwan region", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 Geological Society of the Philippines.\n\nReprinted from Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 67, no. 12, November 1962, pp. 4794-4812.\n\nThis study was carried out with funds from the first Grove Karl Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology from the bequest of the late Harry O. Wood. The field work was possible only with the generous cooperation of the Geological Survey of Taiwan, Taiwan National University, Chinese Petroleum Corporation, University of Philippines. I am especially indebted to field colleagues C. S. Wang, T. L. Hsu, C. Y. Meng, E. A. Gamus, J. Pilac, and E. Y. Tamesis.\n\nPublished - Allen_1962p122.pdf
", "abstract": "Conflicting views of circum-Pacific Tectonics have focused on the Philippines-Taiwan\nregion, where there has been neither convincing documentation nor general\nagreement on the importance of transcurrent (strike-slip) faulting or the possible\nsense of regional horizontal displacement. Structural and physiographic features of\nthe 1200-km-long Philippine fault zone are fully as spectacular as those of the\nbetter-known San Andreas and Alpine faults, and current activity is indicated by\nmany localities in which scarps cut Recent gravels. Predominance of horizontal over\nvertical displacements is indicated by linearity of the fault trace, failure of one side\nto be consistently higher than the other, disregard for gross physiography, and scissoring\nof individual scarps within the zone. Consistent stream offsets on Luzon,\nMasbate, and Leyte demonstrate unequivocally that the sense of Recent displacement\nhas been uniformly sinistral (left-handed). The Philippine fault has no obvious\ngeologic relationship to active volcanoes, but the parallelism and proximity of the\nfault to the Mindanao trench suggest a close causal relationship. The remarkable\nLongitudinal Valley of eastern Taiwan represents another great transcurrent fault\nparallel to the western Pacific rim, and ground displacements during historic earthquakes\nindicate a sinistral sense of displacement here as well as in the adjacent Philippines.\nThis study does not support the hypothesis of counterclockwise rotation of\nthe Pacific basin, but more important is the further documentation of the predominance\nof transcurrent faulting in active circum-Pacific orogenic areas. These results\nreinforce field studies in Alaska, California, Chile, and New Zealand, as well\nas emphasizing the geological reasonability of the results of seismic fault-plane solutions\nindicating the world-wide predominance of transcurrent movements.", "date": "1962", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Philippine Geologist", "volume": "16", "number": "4", "publisher": "Geological Society of the Philippines", "pagerange": "122-145", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-105539819", "issn": "0031-756X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-105539819", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Grove Karl Gilbert Award in Seismic Geology" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1962p122.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t8yyq-a0q36/files/Allen_1962p122.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fhtad-yap07", "eprint_id": 50460, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:58:17", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:49:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Crustal structure in regions bordering Pacific Ocean", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 American Association of Petroleum Geologists.\n\nPublished - Allen_1962p259.pdf
", "abstract": "Tectonic patterns of various circum-Pacific regions\nhave many remarkable similarities and some puzzling\ndifferences. Consistent patterns of vulcanism and\nseismicity are well known, and recent geologic and geochronologic\nstudies indicate surprisingly similar geologic\nhistories of geosynclinal accumulation and Plutonism\nin many regions, particularly along the Pacific\nmargin of the Americas. Similarly, dominant strike-slip\nfaulting parallel with the oceanic margins is being found\nas a consistent pattern in an increasing number of circum-\nPacific areas, although the two areas where documentation\nis best, California and southern New Zealand,\nare definitely atypical in other important respects, such\nas the absence of abundant vulcanism and deep-focus\nearthquakes. Active strike-slip faulting is primarily\nright-handed in the Americas from Alaska through\nChile but applicability of this sense of displacement to\nthe Asiatic margin is a subject of controversy. Available\ngeologic evidence from this region does not agree\nwith seismological studies of earthquake first motions,\nand reconciliation of conclusions from the two approaches\nremains a major problem in the understanding\nof circum-Pacific tectonics.", "date": "1962", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists", "volume": "46", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Association of Petroleum Geologists", "pagerange": "259", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-154121723", "issn": "0883-9247", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-154121723", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1962p259.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fhtad-yap07/files/Allen_1962p259.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wwrjs-trf37", "eprint_id": 98720, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:57:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:35:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The San Andreas Fault: Its significance in California's Past and Future", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961 California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1961p15.pdf
", "abstract": "Every earthquake on, or close to, the San Andreas fault, no matter how small, seems to renew interest in this intriguing geologic feature. Is it true, as the newspapers usually say, that these earthquakes represent the San Andreas's \"periodic shrug\"? What is the San Andreas fault, and what do geologists and seismologists expect in the way of future activity?", "date": "1961-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "California Institute of Technology Quarterly", "volume": "3", "number": "1", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "15-20", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190918-105640070", "issn": "0575-5778", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190918-105640070", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1961p15.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wwrjs-trf37/files/Allen_1961p15.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/18bng-7a610", "eprint_id": 116095, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:46:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-24 20:59:00", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Allison-Edwin-C", "name": { "family": "Allison", "given": "Edwin C." } }, { "id": "Roberts-Ellis-R", "name": { "family": "Roberts", "given": "Ellis R." } }, { "id": "Silver-L-T", "name": { "family": "Silver", "given": "Leon T." } } ] }, "title": "Geology of northwestern Baja California, Field Trip no. 5", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961 San Diego State College.\n\nPublished - geologic_guide_to_selected_localities_along_Mexico_Highway_1.pdf
", "abstract": "This trip will offer an opportunity to examine the coastal segment of the Peninsular Range Province in an area of Baja California where the stratigraphic and tectonic history of the province is far clearer than in the more highly deformed areas north of the international border. Three major rock units characterize this province: (1) pre-batholithic eugeosynclinal accumulations of volcanic and sedimentary rocks, in part metamorphosed; (2) plutonic rocks of the batholith of southern and Baja California (the Peninsular batholith); and (3) Post-batholithic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic age. In general, the high \"backbone\" of Baja California is underlain by massive batholithic rocks, whereas the foothills between the high ranges and the Pacific coast are underlain by pre-batholithic volcanic, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. The pre-batholithic rocks have been intruded by plutons that decrease in size and abundance toward the west. Relatively unmetamorphosed prebatholithic rocks and batholithic rocks are truncated and overlain by Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic rocks in a thin strip along the Pacific coast. Inasmuch as this trip is limited primarily to the coastal area, the batholithic rocks will be examined only in some of these smaller plutons, but the pre- and post-batholithic rocks exposed in this coastal strip are among the most revealing that are present anywhere within the Peninsular Range province.", "date": "1961-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "San Diego State College", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20220804-173708865", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220804-173708865", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1022", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Thomas-Blakemore-E", "name": { "family": "Thomas", "given": "Blakemore E." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "geologic_guide_to_selected_localities_along_Mexico_Highway_1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/18bng-7a610/files/geologic_guide_to_selected_localities_along_Mexico_Highway_1.pdf" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Allison, Edwin C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c9ky7-ktj38", "eprint_id": 50882, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:38:59", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:36:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "St-Amand-P", "name": { "family": "St. Amand", "given": "Pierre" } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Strike-Slip Faulting in Northern Chile", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Geological Society of America.", "abstract": "Extensive dextral strike-slip faults parallel the north-trending coast line throughout most of\nnorthern Chile. A conjugate sinistral set strikes east to northeast and is particularly evident north of\nIquique. Here the system rotates, so that the dextral faults trend northwest parallel to the Peruvian\ncoast. Evidence of Recent activity decreases markedly inland.", "date": "1960-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "71", "number": "12", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "1965", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-152350041", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-152350041", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "St. Amand, Pierre and Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cm956-pdk44", "eprint_id": 98404, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:38:04", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:20:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Kamb-B", "name": { "family": "Kamb", "given": "W. B." } }, { "id": "Meier-M-F", "name": { "family": "Meier", "given": "M. F." } }, { "id": "Sharp-R-P", "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "R. P." } } ] }, "title": "Structure of the Lower Blue Glacier, Washington", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 University of Chicago Press.", "abstract": "Structural features studied in lower Blue Glacier are the foliation pattern, an unusual longitudinal septum, ogives, crevasses, and related ice fabrics. A 300-meter icefall separating the major accumulation basins from the ice tongue plays a dominant role in the formation of the principal foliated structures. Three types of ice are involved; coarse-bubbly ice, coarse-clear ice, and fine ice. Most and perhaps all the fine ice represents partly recrystallized insets or infolds of firn. An angular unconformity between stratified firn and well-foliated glacier ice is attributed to a period of high firn limits prior to 1948 and lower firn limits since. Below the firn edge the glacier displays a foliation pattern of two sets of nested arcs, convex down-glacier. These are separated by a narrow zone of strongly foliated, structurally complex ice termed the longitudinal septum. The foliation pattern becomes more irregular toward the terminus because of intersecting folia and discontinuities in strike. The ogives of the Blue Glacier appear on the surface as alternating dark and white bands conformable with the arc-shaped foliation. The dark bands are underlain by well-foliated, heterogeneous material featuring unusually large proportions of fine and coarse-clear ice. The white bands are underlain by relatively massive, uniform coarse-bubbly ice. It is inferred that the transverse foliation pattern originates in a zone of strong compressive flow immediately below the icefall. Transverse inhomogeneities created within the fall may be an important initial factor. Once formed, the foliation passively undergoes deformation within the ice tongue as it flows down the valley. The arc-shaped pattern develops within a short distance below the fall owing to differential flow. A calculation based on borehole data shows that deformation within the glacier during flow is of the correct magnitude to account for the dip of the foliation as observed at the apexes of the nested arcs, assuming that the initial attitude at the base of the icefall is essentially vertical. Complications appearing in the foliation pattern in the lower reaches of the glacier are attributed chiefly to topographic irregularities on the glacier floor, near and below the base of the icefall. It is postulated that the longitudinal septum is formed at the base of the icefall where two ice streams, split by a large rock bastion, reunite. Differences in direction and velocity of flow at the junction result in strong compression and shear which produce the intense foliation of the septum. The .high content of fine ice is attributed to the insetting and infolding of firn within the icefall and in a fosse at its base. The ogives are inferred to be primarily features formed within the icefall but subsequently modified in the zone of compressive flow at its base. The ogive dark bands may represent greatly compressed and partly recrystallized ice breccias which accumulated within crevasses formed at the lip of the icefall. There is no compelling evidence that the Blue Glacier ogives are annual features.", "date": "1960-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Geology", "volume": "68", "number": "6", "publisher": "University of Chicago Press", "pagerange": "601-625", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190903-160129438", "issn": "0022-1376", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190903-160129438", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "doi": "10.1086/626700", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Allen, C. R.; Kamb, W. B.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mr3we-re792", "eprint_id": 47814, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:28:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 21:15:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Silver-L-T", "name": { "family": "Silver", "given": "Leon T." } }, { "id": "Stehli-F-G", "name": { "family": "Stehli", "given": "Francis G." } } ] }, "title": "Agua Blanca fault -- a major transverse structure of northern Baja California, Mexico", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1960, The Geological Society of America, Inc. \n\nReceived June 5, 1959.", "abstract": "Agua Blanca fault is a major right-handed strike-slip fault at least 80 miles in length that cuts transversely across the peninsula of Baja California about 70 miles south of the international border. Its trend is anomalous in being more nearly parallel to the Transverse Ranges of southern California than to the San Andres fault system that elsewhere dominates the tectonic grain of the peninsula. Geographic features delineating the fault trace are, from east to west: Paso San Mat\u00edas, Valle de La Trinidad, Ca\u00f1on de Dolores, Valle de Agua Blanca, Valle de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Bah\u00eda Soledad (south branch of fault), Punta Banda (north branch). Farther west, both branches of the fault control submarine topography, and possibly the fault system is continuous with the northwest-trending San Clemente fault off the southern California coast.\n\nPhysiographic expression of the Agua Blanca fault is remarkably similar to that of the San Andreas. Typical features are Recent scarps, offset streams, shutterridges, fault sags and saddles, side-hill ridges, and fault-controlled valleys. Most of these features are particularly well exhibited in Valle de Agua Blanca, which is designated as the type locality.\n\nRocks cut by the fault are mainly Cretaceous plutonic rocks of the southern California batholith and Lower Cretaceous (Albian) metavolcanic rocks. Along the Pacific Coast, the fault cuts Upper Cretaceous (Maestrichtian) post-batholithic sedimentary rocks that are otherwise surprisingly little deformed as compared to rocks of similar age in most of California.\n\nAgua Blanca fault shows a history of right-lateral displacement throughout its length: Recent stream offsets occur from Valle de La Trinidad nearly to the Pacific Ocean; distinctive Quaternary(?) fan gravels in Valle de Agua Blanca are offset laterally 3 miles from their most likely source area across the fault; in the same area, a fault slice of distinctive antiperthitic granodiorite is best explained by 7 miles of lateral displacement, and a nearby slice of quartz diorite may indicate displacement as great as 14 miles. In general, evidence of both Recent activity and amount of total displacement appear to increase westward. The fault coincides in gross aspect with a broad east-west zone of seismic activity in a region elsewhere characterized by relative quiescence, but no large historical earthquakes can be positively correlated with this fault.\n\nDespite its orientation athwart the regional tectonic grain, Agua Blanca fault does not appear to represent a deep-seated structural feature analogous to those of the Transverse Ranges. Instead, it is probably one of several paths by which the San Andreas fault tends to break around the \"knot\" caused by the great bend of the San Andreas in southern California.", "date": "1960-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "71", "number": "4", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "467-482", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-124917356", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140801-124917356", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "921", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1960)71[467:ABFMTS]2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R.; Silver, Leon T.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cbxrb-bf302", "eprint_id": 98467, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:14:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 17:23:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sharp-R-P", "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Meier-M-F", "name": { "family": "Meier", "given": "Mark F." } } ] }, "title": "Pleistocene glaciers on southern California mountains", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1959 by American Journal of Science. \n\nContribution No. 902, Division of Geological Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. \n\nOblique air photographs were obtained with the aid of Paul MacCready. J. H. Birman kindly criticized the manuscript.", "abstract": "The deposits of 7 valley glaciers have been mapped in the San Gorgonio area of the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California. These ice bodies headed at elevations between 10,300 and 11,300 ft., the lowest elevation attained was 8700 ft., and lengths were 0.5 to 1.7 mi. Dry Lake glacier was the largest. It covered 0.84 sq. mi. on the N. slope of San Gorgonio Mountain. The principal products of glaciation are cirques and huge terminal embankments of coarse angular debris up to 700 ft. high. Sharp-crested end moraines, typical recessional loops, and a number of other relations indicate that these embankments were formed by glaciers rather than as rock glaciers or debris flows. Two separate episodes of glaciation are recognized; both are considered Wisconsin. Features previously attributed to glaciers in the San Gabriel Mountains were restudied. It is concluded that this range escaped glaciation in the Wisconsin and probably all earlier Pleistocene stages . San Jacinto Peak may have been glaciated, but definite proof has not yet been found.", "date": "1959-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "American Journal of Science", "volume": "257", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Journal of Science", "pagerange": "81-94", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-082444040", "issn": "0002-9599", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-082444040", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "902", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.2475/ajs.257.2.81", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Sharp, Robert P.; Allen, Clarence R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h4k5n-j1640", "eprint_id": 48111, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:09:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 15:51:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Richter-C-F", "name": { "family": "Richter", "given": "C. F." } }, { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Nordquist-J-M", "name": { "family": "Nordquist", "given": "J. M." } } ] }, "title": "The Desert Hot Springs earthquakes and their tectonic environment", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1958, by the Seismological Society of America. \n\nManuscript received for publication January 6, 1958.\n\nPublished - 315.full.pdf
", "abstract": "The Desert Hot Springs earthquake of December 4, 1948, was one of the larger recorded earthquakes of southern California, and its aftershocks have continued into 1957. The assigned epicenter is 33\u00b0 56'.4 N, 116\u00b0 23'.1 W; origin time, 15:43:16.7 P.S.T.; magnitude 6 1/2. Arrival times at local and distant stations are consistent with existing travel-time curves, except for anomalous S \u2013 P intervals at very near-by temporary stations; these unexplained anomalies cannot be attributed to varying depth of focus.\n\nEpicenters of the 72 aftershocks that have been accurately located are concentrated in a zone 18 km. long, parallel to the Mission Creek fault trace indicated by older scarps, but 5 km. north of it. Aftershock activity is markedly concentrated toward the two ends of this line. Location of the main shock suggests that fracturing started near the southeast end and progressed northwest-ward. The ground surface was not broken, except by landslides.\n\nOffset of the line of seismic activity from the trace of the Mission Creek fault suggests that the fault plane dips north. This attitude is substantiated not only by field observations, but also by first motions at stations within 6\u00b0 of the epicenter, which require a combination of thrust-slip and right lateral-slip on a fault dipping north less than 66\u00b0. Inasmuch as this fault is not parallel to regional San Andreas trend, such oblique displacement is reasonable and is consistent with the tectonic pattern of other faults in this region.\n\nFive groups of earthquakes represent more than 85 per cent of the total strain release since 1933 in the 3,000 sq. km. area surrounding Desert Hot Springs. These earthquakes, in addition to the Desert Hot Springs shock, are: Morongo Valley (1947), Kitching Peak (1944), Covington Flat (1940), and San Gorgonio Mountain (1935); all are associated with known faults. The Morongo Valley earthquakes probably represent fracturing on the segment of the Mission Creek fault adjacent to that broken during the subsequent Desert Hot Springs shock.", "date": "1958-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volume": "48", "number": "4", "publisher": "Seismological Society of America", "pagerange": "315-337", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140806-135626173", "issn": "0037-1106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140806-135626173", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "851", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "315.full.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h4k5n-j1640/files/315.full.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1958", "author_list": "Richter, C. F.; Allen, C. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2f5ry-apz49", "eprint_id": 50925, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:56:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 14:38:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "The San Andreas Fault", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_1957p17.pdf
", "abstract": "Every earthquake on the San Andreas fault,\nno matter how small, seems to renew public interest\nin this intriguing geologic feature. The recent San\nFrancisco earthquake of March 22nd was no exception,\nalthough the press reports might well have left readers\nin doubt as to the true significance of this earthquake\nin the over-all history of the fault. Is it true, as stated\nin one publication, that this earthquake represents the\nSan Andreas's \"periodic shrug\"? What is the San Andreas fault, and what do geologists and seismologists\nexpect in the way of future activity?", "date": "1957-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "20", "number": "8", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "17-21", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-101744174", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-101744174", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1957p17.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2f5ry-apz49/files/Allen_1957p17.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jf3v4-swg26", "eprint_id": 48109, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:54:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 15:51:46", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "San Andreas fault zone in San Gorgonio Pass, Southern California", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1957, The Geological Society of America, Inc. \n\nReceived August 9, 1956.", "abstract": "Unusual features of the San Andreas fault in the San Gorgonio Pass area of Southern California are the absence of rift topography, absence of lateral stream offsets, an abrupt change in trend of the fault trace, seismic evidence for the predominance of thrusting over strike-slip faulting, and a lack of great earthquakes in historic time.\n\nRocks of the San Gorgonio igneous-metamorphic complex crop out over most of the map area and constitute a metamorphic terrane of intermediate to basic composition that has been intimately intruded and partially reconstituted by Mesozoic(?) quartz monzonite. Flaser gneiss, greenschist, and piedmontite-bearing gneiss are distinctive rock types in the otherwise rather uniform migmatitic gneisses. Most of the younger rocks of the pass area are sedimentary and reflect a history of recurrent deformation and deposition; they range in age from upper Miocene(?) to Quaternary, and nearly all are of alluvial-fan or flood-plain origin.\n\nQuaternary alluvial fans that once buried a former rugged topography are now being dissected along the north side of the pass, leaving numerous surfaces of low relief and associated stream terraces. Warping of these surfaces suggests Quaternary arching of the mountain range along a north-south axis.\n\nWithin San Gorgonio Pass, the San Andreas fault curves abruptly southward from its normal southeast trend and butts into the eastward-trending Banning fault at 45\u00b0. The Banning fault is a major tectonic feature that delineates the north side of the pass and forms the southern limit of the Transverse Ranges in this region. Thrust and reverse movements of at least 5000 feet have taken place on this fault in Quaternary time, and, although there is little evidence of Recent lateral displacements, late Pliocene and Pleistocene right-hand strike-slip movements totaling at least 5 miles are suggested. The Mill Creek and Mission Creek faults are major branches of the San Andreas fault that diverge northward; both evince considerable late Cenozoic vertical displacement, but possible lateral movements are unknown.\n\nThis study neither proves nor disproves the existence of lateral displacements amounting to perhaps hundreds of miles along the San Andreas fault zone as a whole. But if large lateral displacements have taken place, they must have been followed by deformation and disruption of the fault traces then existent, because lateral movements of even 1 mile are difficult to reconcile with the complex surface geometry of faults within the pass area. Faults previously considered branches of the San Andreas, particularly the Mission Creek and San Jacinto faults, may have absorbed much of the lateral strain, and the Banning fault may represent an ancestral San Andreas fault\u2014now deformed into a Transverse Range fault. The deformation and disruption of former breaks appear to represent a pattern that is typical of the entire eastern half of the Transverse Ranges, where elements of San Andreas and Transverse Range structure have been vying for control; evidently one set has alternated with the other in attaining temporary dominance. Southeast of San Gorgonio Pass it is not clear which, if any, fault trace deserves the name of San Andreas, and it is suggested that the entire area between the Elsinore fault on the west and the east side of the Salton depression on the east be termed the San Andreas fault zone.", "date": "1957-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Geological Society of America Bulletin", "volume": "68", "number": "3", "publisher": "Geological Society of America", "pagerange": "315-350", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140806-134659440", "issn": "0016-7606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140806-134659440", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "797", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1130/0016-7606(1957)68[315:SAFZIS]2.0.CO;2", "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k69mn-rma68", "eprint_id": 50461, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:29:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 23:49:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geology of Southern California [Book Review]", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 California Institute of Technology.\n\nBook Review of: Geology of Southern California. Edited by\nRichard H. Jahns; California Division of Mines Bulletin No. 170.\n\nPublished - Allen_1955p8.pdf
", "abstract": "This book is the first balanced\ntreatment of southern California\ngeology to become available. It represents\nyears of painstaking planning\nand preparation by Dr. Jahns\nand the staff of the California Division\nof Mines, and includes contributions\nby 103 authors. The result is\na monumental publication: 886\ndouble-size pages (including over\n500 diagrams and photographs), together\nwith 63 folded geologic maps-many printed in colors.", "date": "1955", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Engineering and Science", "volume": "19", "number": "1", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "8", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-155113594", "issn": "0013-7812", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141016-155113594", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_1955p8.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k69mn-rma68/files/Allen_1955p8.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6n8h0-vzx28", "eprint_id": 98822, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:18:30", "lastmod": "2024-01-14 21:57:45", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } } ] }, "title": "Geology of the North Side of San Gorgonio Pass, Riverside County", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 California Division of Mines and Geology. \n\nContribution No. 639, Division of the Geological Sciences, California Institute of Technology. \n\nThe field work on which the foregoing statements are based has been aided by fellowship grants from the National Science Foundation, the Standard Oil Company of California, and the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_170_sheet20.PDF
", "abstract": "The San Andreas fault zone, as it is exposed in San Gorgonio Pass, is distinguished by several unusual features. Among these are the absence of typical rift topography along much of the supposed trace of the fault (Lawson, 1908; Vaughan, 1922), a lack of horizontal stream offsets, an apparent abrupt major change in trend of the fault, and the absence of intense earthquake activity associated with the fault zone. Further, seismic strain-release studies (Dehlinger, 1952) have indicated thrusting, rather than strike-slip faulting in this one segment of the San Andreas system.", "date": "1954", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Division of Mines and Geology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190924-084831106", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190924-084831106", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "Standard Oil Company of California" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "639", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahns-R-H", "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_170_sheet20.PDF", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6n8h0-vzx28/files/Allen_170_sheet20.PDF" }, "resource_type": "book_section", "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.eduhttps://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/at2xj-m5a95", "eprint_id": 91497, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:15:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:32:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Allen-C-R", "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Clarence R." } }, { "id": "Smith-G-I", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "George I." } } ] }, "title": "Seismic and gravity investigations on the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1953 American Geophysical Union. \n\nCommunicated manuscript received December 29, 1952; open for formal discussion until March 1, 1954. \n\nThe field work was done under the supervision of R. P. Sharp and the office work under C. H. Dix; both have criticized the manuscript and their guidance i s gratefully acknowledged, D. L. Baker and G. P. Rigsby took considerable time from their own field projects to aid in the geophysical work. Valuable equipment was loaned by the United Geophysical Co. and the Atlas Exploration Co. The work was done under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research (Contract N6onr-244-16), the Arctic Institute of North America, and the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - Allen_et_al-1953-Eos_2C_Transactions_American_Geophysical_Union.pdf
", "abstract": "Seismic reflections obtained from bedrock beneath the Malaspina Glacier along a ten\u2010mile profile line indicate ice thicknesses ranging from 1130 to 2050 ft. The base of the ice is 700 ft below sea level near the center of the profile and shallows both northward toward the mountains and southward toward the ice margin. Good reflections were obtained with dynamite charges of about one ounce in 26\u2010ft water\u2010filled shot holes but only in relatively crevasse\u2010free areas. Deeper reflections substantiate the inferred sedimentary nature of the subglacial rocks and show geologic structures consistent with the regional pattern. Gravity measurements along the central three miles of the seismic profile line indicate a gentle northwest\u2010southeast trending subglacial topographic grain. Seismic refraction shots beyond the present margin of the glacier suggest a thickness of unconsolidated proglacial deposits in excess of 500 ft.", "date": "1953-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Eos", "volume": "34", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Geophysical Union", "pagerange": "755-760", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20181205-093420845", "issn": "0096-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181205-093420845", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N6onr-244-16" }, { "agency": "Arctic Institute of North America" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "617", "name": "Caltech Division of Geological Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.1029/TR034i005p00755", "primary_object": { "basename": "Allen_et_al-1953-Eos_2C_Transactions_American_Geophysical_Union.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/at2xj-m5a95/files/Allen_et_al-1953-Eos_2C_Transactions_American_Geophysical_Union.pdf" }, "resource_type": "article", "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Allen, Clarence R. and Smith, George I." } ]