@book_section {CaltechAUTHORS_https://authors.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/39744, title ="The Mars Global Surveyor mission: Description, status, and significant results", author = "Albee, Arden", number = "12", pages = "631-635", month = "January", year = "2002", isbn = "9781583810866", url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130802-145158005", note = "© 2002 Astronomical Society of the Pacific.", revision_no = "17", abstract = "The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft entered an elliptical\norbit at Mars on September 11, 1997. Until March 1999 it acquired\nscientific data from decreasing-sized orbits as it alternated between aerobraking\nand nadir-pointing modes. This time period provided tremendous\nadvances in our knowledge of the shape and topography, the gravity field,\nthe magnetic field, and the atmospheric structure and dynamics of Mars.\nIn April 1999 MGS entered its planned two years in the mapping mode.\nIn this mode the high-gain antenna tracks Earth so that the instruments\ncan take data continuously and so that the camera system can return\nhigh-resolution data in real-time. IR spectral and temperature data, as\nwell as high-resolution images are providing new insight into the geologic\nevolution of Mars. All data is being archived at about six month centers\nso that it is available in electronic format to the international community.", } @book_section {CaltechAUTHORS_https://authors.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/50895, title ="Continuous Garnet Zoning under Increasing and Decreasing Temperature Conditions, Kwoiek Area, British Columbia, Canada", author = "Hollister, Lincoln S. and Albee, Arden L.", pages = "96-97", month = "January", year = "1968", url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-073725126", note = "© 1968 Geological Society of America.\n\nAcknowledgment is made to NSF Grant GP-2773.", revision_no = "13", abstract = "Garnet porphyroblasts from five rocks, collected from within a 100-foot-square outcrop area\nin the Kwoiek area of British Columbia and differing only in the relative proportions of\nchlorite, staurolite, garnet, biotite, plagioclase, ilmenite, graphite, and quartz, were studied\nin detail with the electron microprobe. The assemblage of these five rocks can be considered to be divariant in Mn content and activity of water at any stage of the metamorphic history.", } @book_section {CaltechAUTHORS_https://authors.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/50898, title ="Semiquantitative Electron Microprobe Determinations of Fe^(+2)/Fe^(+3) and Mn^(+2)/Mn^(+3) in Silicates and Their Application to Petrologic Problems", author = "Albee, Arden L. and Chodos, A. A.", number = "115", pages = "2-3", month = "January", year = "1968", url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141028-074637127", note = "© 1968 Geological Society of America.", revision_no = "14", abstract = "Semiquantitative determinations of Fe^(+2)/Fe^(+3) and Mn^(+2)/Mn^(+3) by electron microprobe\nanalysis have important applications to petrological and mineralogical problems. Anderson\n(1966) showed that the relative intensities of Fe L_α and L_β X-ray emission peaks differ with\nthe valence states in Fe, FeS_2, Fe_2O_3, and Fe_3O_4. Such measurements were extended to FeO\n(synthetic wustite) and Mn oxides, but the variations in their relative intensities are not directly applicable to silicates, presumably due to structural effects, and direct calibration with\nsilicates is necessary.", } @book_section {CaltechAUTHORS_https://authors.library.caltech.edu/id/eprint/63947, title ="Redistribution of Strontium and Rubidium Isotopes during Metamorphism, World Beater Complex, Panamint Range, California", author = "Lanphere, M. A. and Wasserburg, G. J. F.", pages = "269-320", month = "January", year = "1964", url = "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160125-145554089", note = "© 1964 North-Holland Publishing Company. \n\nContribution No. 1182, Division of Geological Sciences, California Institute of Technology. \n\nThis study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and a grant from the Atomic Energy Commission. We are particularly indebted for the careful laboratory work done by Theodore Wen, who aided both in the chemistry and the mass spectrometric determinations. The authors wish to acknowledge the hospitality extended by Mr. and Mrs. Vere Clair and Mr. George Farrel during the course of field work.", revision_no = "10", abstract = "An earlier Precambrian gneiss dome in the Panamint Range of California and its\nmantle of later Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks have been metamorphosed in late\nMesozoic time. Uranium-lead analyses of zircons indicate the primary age of the older\ngneiss to be about 1800 m.yrs and the age of a younger cross-cutting granite to be about\n1300 to 1400 m.yrs. Potassium-argon ages on biotite give ages ranging from 103-130\nm.yrs. Rubidium-strontium isotopic studies of all the constituent minerals and their\nassociated total rocks yielded biotite-total rock isochrons indicating ages ranging from\n64 to 156 m.yrs. All of the total rock ages deviate considerably from the apparent\nprimary age indicated by the zircon ages. The intercept values of Sr^(87)/Sr^(86) for the isochrons\nfrom the various rocks range from 0.85 to 1.08.\n\nNearly complete isotopic homogenization of strontium has occurred locally during\nthis metamorphic episode for all mineral systems except apatite and muscovite. The\n\"total rock systems\" were open in some cases, including samples as large as 85 kg. There\nis obvious mineralogic and field evidence for metamorphism in the mantling sediments\nbut no evidence for gross recrystallization and mobilization in either the mantling\nrocks or the underlying gneiss and granite. Even though original textures and structures,\nboth sedimentary and igneous are preserved, the observed homogenization of strontium\nindicates that extensive migration of strontium occurred and affords a sensitive test\nof metamorphism. Conditions causing the redistribution of strontium in the gneiss did\nnot lower the lead-uranium ratios of the zircons by more than 30%.\nA basic dike of later Precambrian age was found to contain radiogenic strontium\ndue to partial equilibration with the neighboring gneiss. This rock gives an apparent\nage of 31.4 x 10^9 yrs and presents evidence for strontium transport over a distance of\n5m.", }