Submitted - essoar.10509271.2.pdf
", "abstract": "Flare suprathermal ions with enhanced \u00b3He and heavy-ion abundances are an essential component of the seed population accelerated by CME-driven shocks in gradual solar energetic particle (GSEP) events. However, the mechanisms through which CME-driven shocks gain access to flare suprathermals and produce spectral and abundance variations in GSEP events remain largely unexplored. We report two recent GSEP events: one observed by Solar Orbiter on 2020 Nov 24 (the first GSEP event on Solar Orbiter) and the other by ACE on 2021 May 29 (the most intense GOES proton event in the present solar cycle). The events were preceded by impulsive SEP (ISEP) events. Abundances and energy spectra are markedly different in the examined events at < 1 MeV/nucleon. For example, in the May event, Fe/O is typical of ISEP events, a factor of 100 to 10 higher than Fe/O in the November event. \u00b3He abundance in the November event is high, typical of ISEP events, while in the May event, it is much lower, though finite. The May event shows a hard \u2074He spectrum with a power-law index of \u22121.6, and the November event a soft spectrum with an index of \u22123.5. The events were associated with halo CMEs with speeds around 900 km/s. The November event was also measured by Parker Solar Probe and the May event by STEREO-A and Solar Orbiter. This paper discusses the origin of vastly different abundances and spectral shapes in terms of variable remnant population from preceding ISEP events. Furthermore, we discuss a possible direct contribution from parent flares.", "date": "2021-12-30", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Wiley", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20220127-677276900", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220127-677276900", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "80NSSC21K1316" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Space-Radiation-Laboratory" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/essoar.10509271.2", "primary_object": { "basename": "essoar.10509271.2.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p3qyq-abz53/files/essoar.10509271.2.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2021", "author_list": "Bucik, Radoslav; Mason, Glenn M.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0y30s-8r716", "eprint_id": 55548, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:02:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 22:22:38", "type": "conference_item", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cohen-C-M-S", "name": { "family": "Cohen", "given": "C. M. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0978-8127" }, { "id": "Mewaldt-R-A", "name": { "family": "Mewaldt", "given": "R. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2178-9111" }, { "id": "Christian-E-R", "name": { "family": "Christian", "given": "E. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2134-3937" }, { "id": "Cummings-A-C", "name": { "family": "Cummings", "given": "A. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3840-7696" }, { "id": "Leske-R-A", "name": { "family": "Leske", "given": "R. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0156-2414" }, { "id": "Slocum-P-L", "name": { "family": "Slocum", "given": "P. L." } }, { "id": "Stone-E-C", "name": { "family": "Stone", "given": "E. C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2010-5462" }, { "id": "von-Rosenvinge-T-T", "name": { "family": "von Rosenvinge", "given": "T. T." } }, { "id": "Wiedenbeck-M-E", "name": { "family": "Wiedenbeck", "given": "M. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2825-3128" } ] }, "title": "Examining the Abundance of Rare Elements in Solar Energetic Particle Events", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This work was supported by NASA aL Caltech (under grant NAG5-6912), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, aod Goddard\nSpace Flight Center.", "abstract": "Using data accumulated with the Solar Isotope Spectrometer on ACE during 27 large solar energetic pa1ticle (SEP) events the effects of charge-to-mass (Q/M) fractionation\non rare elements arc examined. In an attempt to correct for these fractionation effects and obtain preliminary\nestimates of the coronal abundances of K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, the SEP events are classified according to their Fe/Si ratio. The data from all events within an Fe/Si category are summed and the rare element abundances extracted over an energy interval of 20 to 65 MeV/nucleon. We estimated the apparent Q/M fractionation, corrected for it, and obtained initial results which are encouraging.", "date": "2001", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20150305-131051186", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150305-131051186", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAG5-6912" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2003-02", "name": "Space Radiation Laboratory" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Space-Radiation-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "2003-02.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0y30s-8r716/files/2003-02.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2001", "author_list": "Cohen, C. M. S.; Mewaldt, R. A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gf5s0-js486", "eprint_id": 46366, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:05:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-26 19:41:51", "type": "conference_item", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Koh-Towsian", "name": { "family": "Koh", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Lamb-R-C", "name": { "family": "Lamb", "given": "R. C." } }, { "id": "Macomb-D-J", "name": { "family": "Macomb", "given": "D. J." } }, { "id": "Mattox-J-R", "name": { "family": "Mattox", "given": "J. R." } }, { "id": "Prince-T-A", "name": { "family": "Prince", "given": "Thomas A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8850-3627" }, { "id": "Ray-P-S", "name": { "family": "Ray", "given": "P. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5297-5278" } ] }, "title": "A Search for Radio-Quiet Gamma-Ray Pulsars in the EGRET Archive", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Published - 1995-31.pdf
", "date": "1995", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Proceedings of the 24th International Cosmic Ray Conference", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20140619-135801408", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140619-135801408", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1995-31", "name": "Space Radiation Laboratory" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Space-Radiation-Laboratory" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1995-31.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gf5s0-js486/files/1995-31.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Koh, T.; Lamb, R. C.; et al." } ]