[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x20af-btp53", "eprint_id": 104980, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:57:52", "lastmod": "2026-03-30 07:04:19", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Plavchan-P", "name": { "family": "Plavchan", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8864-1667" }, { "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "Gautam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Chas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Cegla", "given": "Heather" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dumusque", "given": "Xavier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9332-2011" }, { "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Sharon" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6937-9034" }, { "name": { "family": "Gao", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8518-9601" }, { "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "Courtney" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8189-0233" }, { "name": { "family": "Bastien", "given": "Fabienne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7243-1921" }, { "name": { "family": "Basu", "given": "Sarbani" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6163-3472" }, { "name": { "family": "Beatty", "given": "Thomas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9539-4203" }, { "name": { "family": "Bechter", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bechter", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8725-8730" }, { "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "Cullen" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6096-1749" }, { "name": { "family": "Bourrier", "given": "Vincent" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9148-034X" }, { "name": { "family": "Cale", "given": "Bryson" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6279-0595" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "name": { "family": "Crass", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Crepp", "given": "Justin" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0800-0593" }, { "id": "de-Kleer-K-R", "name": { "family": "de Kleer", "given": "Katherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9068-3428" }, { "name": { "family": "Diddams", "given": "Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2144-0764" }, { "name": { "family": "Eastman", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3773-5142" }, { "name": { "family": "Fischer", "given": "Debra" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2221-0861" }, { "name": { "family": "Gagn\u00e9", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2592-9612" }, { "name": { "family": "Gaudi", "given": "Scott" } }, { "name": { "family": "Grier", "given": "Catherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9920-6057" }, { "name": { "family": "Hall", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Halverson", "given": "Sam" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391" }, { "name": { "family": "Hamze", "given": "Bahaa" } }, { "name": { "family": "Herrero Casas", "given": "Enrique" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "name": { "family": "Kempton", "given": "Eliza" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1337-9051" }, { "name": { "family": "Latouf", "given": "Natasha" } }, { "name": { "family": "Leifer", "given": "Stephanie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8980-7825" }, { "name": { "family": "Lightsey", "given": "Paul" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lisse", "given": "Casey" } }, { "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Emily C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128" }, { "name": { "family": "Matzko", "given": "William" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Mayo", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7216-2135" }, { "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Patrick" } }, { "name": { "family": "Papp", "given": "Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8290-7076" }, { "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Benjamin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Purcell", "given": "Bill" } }, { "name": { "family": "Quinn", "given": "Sam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8964-8377" }, { "name": { "family": "Ribas", "given": "Ignasi" } }, { "name": { "family": "Rosich", "given": "Albert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sanchez-Maes", "given": "Sophia" } }, { "name": { "family": "Tanner", "given": "Angelle" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0786-7307" }, { "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "Samantha" } }, { "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1783-1380" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Peter" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wise", "given": "Alex" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wright", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6160-5888" } ] }, "title": "EarthFinder Probe Mission Concept Study: Characterizing nearby stellar exoplanet systems with Earth-mass analogs for future direct imaging", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019. \n\nNASA Probe Mission concept white paper for 2020 Astrophysics National Academies Decadal Survey. \n\nThis research was carried out at George Mason University and the Jet Propulsion\nLaboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration.\nReference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade\nname, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its\nendorsement by the United States Government or the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,\nCalifornia Institute of Technology.\n\n

Submitted - 2006.13428.pdf

", "abstract": "EarthFinder is a NASA Astrophysics Probe mission concept selected for study as input to the 2020 Astrophysics National Academies Decadal Survey. The EarthFinder concept is based on a dramatic shift in our understanding of how PRV measurements should be made. We propose a new paradigm which brings the high precision, high cadence domain of transit photometry as demonstrated by Kepler and TESS to the challenges of PRV measurements at the cm/s level. This new paradigm takes advantage of: 1) broad wavelength coverage from the UV to NIR which is only possible from space to minimize the effects of stellar activity; 2) extremely compact, highly stable, highly efficient spectrometers (R>150,000) which require the diffraction-limited imaging possible only from space over a broad wavelength range; 3) the revolution in laser-based wavelength standards to ensure cm/s precision over many years; 4) a high cadence observing program which minimizes sampling-induced period aliases; 5) exploiting the absolute flux stability from space for continuum normalization for unprecedented line-by-line analysis not possible from the ground; and 6) focusing on the bright stars which will be the targets of future imaging missions so that EarthFinder can use a ~1.5 m telescope.", "date": "2020-06-24", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200817-122112681", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200817-122112681", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "George Mason University" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2006.13428", "primary_object": { "basename": "2006.13428.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x20af-btp53/files/2006.13428.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Plavchan, Peter; Vasisht, Gautam; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t72fy-vsy96", "eprint_id": 105418, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:12:56", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:55:19", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga Ram" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "id": "Brammer-G-B", "name": { "family": "Brammer", "given": "Gabriel" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2680-005X" }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Dawson-W", "name": { "family": "Dawson", "given": "William" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0248-6123" }, { "id": "Faisst-A-L", "name": { "family": "Faisst", "given": "Andreas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9382-9832" }, { "id": "Fajardo-Acosta-S-B", "name": { "family": "Fajardo-Acosta", "given": "Sergio" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9309-0102" }, { "id": "Ferguson-H-C", "name": { "family": "Ferguson", "given": "Henry C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7113-2738" }, { "id": "Grillmair-C-J", "name": { "family": "Grillmair", "given": "Carl J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4072-169X" }, { "id": "Hemmati-Shoubaneh", "name": { "family": "Hemmati", "given": "Shoubaneh" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2226-5395" }, { "id": "Koekemoer-A-M", "name": { "family": "Koekemoer", "given": "Anton" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6610-2048" }, { "id": "Lee-Bomee", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Bomee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1954-5046" }, { "id": "Lupton-R-H", "name": { "family": "Lupton", "given": "Robert" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1666-0962" }, { "id": "Malhotra-Sangeeta", "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "Sangeeta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9226-5350" }, { "id": "Melchior-P", "name": { "family": "Melchior", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8873-5065" }, { "id": "Momcheva-I-G", "name": { "family": "Momcheva", "given": "Ivelina" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1665-2073" }, { "id": "Newman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Jeffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8684-2222" }, { "id": "Masiero-J-R", "name": { "family": "Masiero", "given": "Joseph" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2638-720X" }, { "id": "Paladini-Roberta", "name": { "family": "Paladini", "given": "Roberta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X" }, { "id": "Prakash-Abhishek", "name": { "family": "Prakash", "given": "Abhishek" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4451-4444" }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" }, { "id": "Rusholme-B", "name": { "family": "Rusholme", "given": "Benjamin" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7648-4142" }, { "id": "Schneider-Michael", "name": { "family": "Schneider", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8505-7094" }, { "id": "Stickley-N-R", "name": { "family": "Stickley", "given": "Nathaniel" } }, { "id": "Smith-A-M", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Arfon" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3957-2474" }, { "id": "Wood-Vasey-W-M", "name": { "family": "Wood-Vasey", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7113-1233" }, { "id": "Berriman-G-B", "name": { "family": "Berriman", "given": "G. Bruce" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8388-534X" } ] }, "title": "Joint Survey Processing of LSST, Euclid and WFIRST: Enabling a broad array of astrophysics and cosmology through pixel level combinations of datasets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1910.01259.pdf

", "abstract": "Joint survey processing (JSP) is the pixel level combination of LSST, Euclid, and WFIRST datasets. By combining the high spatial resolution of the space-based datasets with deep, seeing-limited, ground-based images in the optical bands, systematics like source confusion and astrometric mismatch can be addressed to derive the highest precision optical/infrared photometric catalogs. This white paper highlights the scientific motivation, computational and algorithmic needs to build joint pixel level processing capabilities, which the individual projects by themselves will not be able to support. Through this white paper, we request that the Astro2020 decadal committee recognize the JSP effort as a multi-agency project with the natural outcome being a collaborative effort among groups which are normally supported by a single agency. JSP will allow the U.S. (and international) astronomical community to manipulate the flagship data sets and undertake innovative science investigations ranging from solar system object characterization, exoplanet detections, nearby galaxy rotation rates and dark matter properties, to epoch of reionization studies. It will also result in the ultimate constraints on cosmological parameters and the nature of dark energy, with far smaller uncertainties and a better handle on systematics than by any one survey alone.", "date": "2019-10-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200916-112912975", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200916-112912975", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1910.01259", "primary_object": { "basename": "1910.01259.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t72fy-vsy96/files/1910.01259.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Chary, Ranga Ram; Brammer, Gabriel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ktvs7-rx881", "eprint_id": 103850, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:44:38", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 06:02:02", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lund-M-B", "name": { "family": "Lund", "given": "Michael B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2527-1598" }, { "id": "Jacklin-S-R", "name": { "family": "Jacklin", "given": "Savannah R." } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" } ] }, "title": "Astro2020 APC White Paper: Enabling Terminal Master's Degrees as a Step Towards a Ph.D", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Endorsers: Joseph A. Barranco, Andreas Bill, Damian J. Christian, Robert Fisher, David Garrison, Donald J. Jacobs, Gaurav Khanna, Eric C. Landahl, Andrew Layden, Joshua\nPepper, Seth Redfield, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Eric L. Sandquist, Marc S. Seigar.\n\nWe would like to thank Patrick Mulvey of the AIP Statistical Research Center for providing significant help in understanding the data currently collected on physics and astronomy students and departments. Any unpublished data attributed to the AIP Statistical Research Center in this paper was provided via personal communication. \n\nSoftware: matplotlib (Hunter, 2007), numpy (Oliphant, 2006), pandas (Mckinney, 2011).\n\n

Submitted - 1909.02103.pdf

", "abstract": "Earning any advanced degree in physics or astronomy is an arduous process and major accomplishment. However, not every journey to the Ph.D. is paved equally. Every year, there are hundreds of students who earn terminal master's degrees in physics and astronomy in the United States. A master's degree on its own is sufficient qualification for many good careers, but for a portion of these students, the master's degree is not the final step in graduate education. When students with master's degrees decide to continue their education and are accepted to Ph.D. programs, they often find that their credits do not transfer and that they will be required to re-do large portions of their master's degree at their new Ph.D.-granting institution. Here we discuss the need for gathering more data to understand both the different pathways to a Ph.D. and the students that choose each route. We also discuss some of the challenges faced by students that earn a master's degree before beginning a Ph.D. program. As students in the physical sciences that complete a master's and a Ph.D. at different schools take over 2 years longer to reach a Ph.D. than students that get both degrees from the same school, we suggest steps that can be taken to help these students succeed in a timely manner.", "date": "2019-09-04", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200611-113719501", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200611-113719501", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1909.02103", "primary_object": { "basename": "1909.02103.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ktvs7-rx881/files/1909.02103.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Lund, Michael B.; Jacklin, Savannah R.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bswdb-bnn85", "eprint_id": 98840, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:30:35", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 16:01:12", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dickinson", "given": "Mark" } }, { "id": "Hillenbrand-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hillenbrand", "given": "Lynne" } }, { "name": { "family": "Robberto", "given": "Massimo" } }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "name": { "family": "Ballardini", "given": "Mario" } }, { "name": { "family": "Barkhouser", "given": "Robert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bartlett", "given": "James" } }, { "name": { "family": "Behroozi", "given": "Peter" } }, { "name": { "family": "Benjamin", "given": "Robert A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Brinchmann", "given": "Jarle" } }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga-Ram" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "name": { "family": "Chuang", "given": "Chia-Hsun" } }, { "name": { "family": "Cimatti", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "name": { "family": "Conroy", "given": "Charlie" } }, { "name": { "family": "Content", "given": "Robert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Daddi", "given": "Emanuele" } }, { "name": { "family": "Donahue", "given": "Megan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dore", "given": "Olivier" } }, { "name": { "family": "Eisenhardt", "given": "Peter" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ferguson", "given": "Henry C." } }, { "id": "Faisst-A-L", "name": { "family": "Faisst", "given": "Andreas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9382-9832" }, { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Wesley C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Glazebrook", "given": "Karl" } }, { "name": { "family": "Gorjian", "given": "Varoujan" } }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "name": { "family": "Hirata", "given": "Christopher M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hudson", "given": "Michael" } }, { "id": "Kirkpatrick-J-D", "name": { "family": "Kirkpatrick", "given": "J. Davy" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4269-260X" }, { "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "Sangeeta" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mei", "given": "Simona" } }, { "name": { "family": "Moscardini", "given": "Lauro" } }, { "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Jeffrey A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Ninkov", "given": "Zoran" } }, { "name": { "family": "Orsi", "given": "Alvaro" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ressler", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Rhoads", "given": "James" } }, { "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ryan", "given": "Russell" } }, { "name": { "family": "Samushia", "given": "Lado" } }, { "name": { "family": "Scarlata", "given": "Claudia" } }, { "name": { "family": "Scolnic", "given": "Daniel" } }, { "name": { "family": "Seiffert", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Shapley", "given": "Alice" } }, { "name": { "family": "Smee", "given": "Stephen" } }, { "name": { "family": "Valentino", "given": "Francesco" } }, { "name": { "family": "Vorobiev", "given": "Dmitry" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wechsler", "given": "Risa H." } } ] }, "title": "ATLAS Probe: Breakthrough Science of Galaxy Evolution, Cosmology, Milky Way, and the Solar System", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1909.00070.pdf

", "abstract": "ATLAS (Astrophysics Telescope for Large Area Spectroscopy) is a concept for a NASA probe-class space mission. It is the spectroscopic follow-up mission to WFIRST, boosting its scientific return by obtaining deep NIR & MIR slit spectroscopy for most of the galaxies imaged by the WFIRST High Latitude Survey at z>0.5. ATLAS will measure accurate and precise redshifts for ~200M galaxies out to z=7 and beyond, and deliver spectra that enable a wide range of diagnostic studies of the physical properties of galaxies over most of cosmic history. ATLAS and WFIRST together will produce a definitive 3D map of the Universe over 2000 sq deg. ATLAS Science Goals are: (1) Discover how galaxies have evolved in the cosmic web of dark matter from cosmic dawn through the peak era of galaxy assembly. (2) Discover the nature of cosmic acceleration. (3) Probe the Milky Way's dust-enshrouded regions, reaching the far side of our Galaxy. (4) Discover the bulk compositional building blocks of planetesimals formed in the outer Solar System. These flow down to the ATLAS Scientific Objectives: (1A) Trace the relation between galaxies and dark matter with less than 10% shot noise on relevant scales at 1", "date": "2019-08-30", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-085020406", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-085020406", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1909.00070", "primary_object": { "basename": "1909.00070.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bswdb-bnn85/files/1909.00070.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Wang, Yun; Dickinson, Mark; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mwqz-4rc54", "eprint_id": 99985, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:17:20", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 21:37:57", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Dekany-Richard", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Hover-D-J", "name": { "family": "Hover", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Blake-G-A", "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "Geoffrey A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610" }, { "id": "Hillenbrand-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hillenbrand", "given": "Lynne" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" } ] }, "title": "High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization with the Keck and Thirty Meter Telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Astro2020 APC White Paper: Optical and Infrared Observations from the Ground. 10 July 2019.\n\n

Submitted - 1908.03623.pdf

", "abstract": "HISPEC (High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization) is a proposed diffraction-limited spectrograph for the W.M. Keck Observatory, and a pathfinder for the MODHIS facility project (Multi-Object Diffraction-limited High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph) on the Thirty Meter Telescope. HISPEC/MODHIS builds on diffraction-limited spectrograph designs which rely on adaptively corrected single-mode fiber feeds. Seeing-limited high-resolution spectrographs, by virtue of the conservation of beam etendue, grow in volume following a D^3 power law (D is the telescope diameter), and are subject to daunting challenges associated with their large size. Diffraction-limited spectrographs fed by single mode fibers are decoupled from the telescope input, and are orders of magnitude more compact and have intrinsically stable line spread functions. Their efficiency is directly proportional to the performance of the adaptive optics (AO) system. AO technologies have matured rapidly over the past two decades and are baselined for future extremely large telescopes. HISPEC/MODHIS will take R>100,000 spectra of a few objects in a 10\" field-of-view sampled at the diffraction limit (~10-50 mas), simultaneously from 0.95 to 2.4 microns (y-K). The scientific scope ranges from exoplanet infrared precision radial velocities, spectroscopy of transiting, close-in, and directly imaged exoplanets (atmospheric composition and dynamics, RM effect, spin measurements, Doppler imaging), brown dwarf characterization, stellar physics/chemistry, proto-planetary disk kinematics/composition, Solar system, extragalactic science, and cosmology. HISPEC/MODHIS features a compact, cost-effective design optimized to fully exploit the existing Keck-AO and future TMT-NFIRAOS infrastructures and boost the scientific reach of Keck Observatory and TMT soon after first light.", "date": "2019-08-09", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191121-110551588", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191121-110551588", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1908.03623", "primary_object": { "basename": "1908.03623.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mwqz-4rc54/files/1908.03623.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Mawet, Dimitri; Beichman, Charles; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b46ge-c7h36", "eprint_id": 97306, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:48:00", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:58:45", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jovanovic-Nemanja", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207" }, { "id": "Beichman-Charles-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Dekany-Richard-G", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "Richard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5884-7867" }, { "id": "Hover-David", "name": { "family": "Hover", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew W." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Pezzato-Jacklyn", "name": { "family": "Pezzato", "given": "Jacklyn" } }, { "id": "Porter-Michael-D", "name": { "family": "Porter", "given": "Michael D." } }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" } ] }, "title": "Enabling the next generation of scientific discoveries by embracing photonic technologies", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1907.07742.pdf

", "abstract": "The fields of Astronomy and Astrophysics are technology limited, where the advent and application of new technologies to astronomy usher in a flood of discoveries altering our understanding of the Universe (e.g., recent cases include LIGO and the GRAVITY instrument at the VLTI). Currently, the field of astronomical spectroscopy is rapidly approaching an impasse: the size and cost of instruments, especially multi-object and integral field spectrographs for extremely large telescopes (ELTs), are pushing the limits of what is feasible, requiring optical components at the very edge of achievable size and performance. For these reasons, astronomers are increasingly looking for innovative solutions like photonic technologies that promote instrument miniaturization and simplification, while providing superior performance. \nAstronomers have long been aware of the potential of photonic technologies. The goal of this white paper is to draw attention to key photonic technologies and developments over the past two decades and demonstrate there is new momentum in this arena. We outline where the most critical efforts should be focused over the coming decade in order to move towards realizing a fully photonic instrument. A relatively small investment in this technology will advance astronomical photonics to a level where it can reliably be used to solve challenging instrument design limitations. For the benefit of both ground and space borne instruments alike, an endorsement from the National Academy of Sciences decadal survey will ensure that such solutions are set on a path to their full scientific exploitation, which may one day address a broad range of science cases outlined in the KSPs.", "date": "2019-07-17", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190722-082241649", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190722-082241649", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1907.07742", "primary_object": { "basename": "1907.07742.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b46ge-c7h36/files/1907.07742.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Jovanovic, Nemanja; Beichman, Charles; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9ep4d-r5156", "eprint_id": 100058, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:30:23", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:03:17", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sadavoy-S-I", "name": { "family": "Sadavoy", "given": "Sarah I." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7474-6874" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Paladini-Roberta", "name": { "family": "Paladini", "given": "Roberta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X" } ] }, "title": "The Life Cycle of Dust", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1904.10994.pdf

", "abstract": "Dust offers a unique probe of the interstellar medium (ISM) across multiple size, density, and temperature scales. Dust is detected in outflows of evolved stars, star-forming molecular clouds, planet-forming disks, and even in galaxies at the dawn of the Universe. These grains also have a profound effect on various astrophysical phenomena from thermal balance and extinction in galaxies to the building blocks for planets, and changes in dust grain properties will affect all of these phenomena. A full understanding of dust in all of its forms and stages requires a multi-disciplinary investigation of the dust life cycle. Such an investigation can be achieved with a statistical study of dust properties across stellar evolution, star and planet formation, and redshift. Current and future instrumentation will enable this investigation through fast and sensitive observations in dust continuum, polarization, and spectroscopy from near-infrared to millimeter wavelengths.", "date": "2019-04-24", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-092140584", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-092140584", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1904.10994", "primary_object": { "basename": "1904.10994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9ep4d-r5156/files/1904.10994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Sadavoy, Sarah I.; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsv1j-7p493", "eprint_id": 100007, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:19:51", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:28:09", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bolatto-A-D", "name": { "family": "Bolatto", "given": "Alberto D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5480-5686" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Veilleux-S", "name": { "family": "Veilleux", "given": "Sylvain" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3158-6820" }, { "id": "Leroy-A-K", "name": { "family": "Leroy", "given": "Adam K." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2545-1700" }, { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Mushotzky-R", "name": { "family": "Mushotzky", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Sandstrom-K-M", "name": { "family": "Sandstrom", "given": "Karin M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4378-8534" }, { "id": "Martini-Paul", "name": { "family": "Martini", "given": "Paul" } }, { "id": "Schneider-E-E", "name": { "family": "Schneider", "given": "Evan E." } }, { "id": "Wong-Tony", "name": { "family": "Wong", "given": "Tony" } }, { "id": "Decarli-R", "name": { "family": "Decarli", "given": "Roberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2662-8803" }, { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Riechers-D-A", "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9585-1462" }, { "id": "Meier-D-S", "name": { "family": "Meier", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9436-9471" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" } ] }, "title": "Cold Gas Outflows, Feedback, and the Shaping of Galaxies", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1904.02120.pdf

", "abstract": "There is wide consensus that galaxy outflows are one of the most important processes determining the evolution of galaxies through cosmic time, for example playing a key role in shaping the galaxy mass function. Our understanding of outflows and their drivers, however, is in its infancy --- this is particularly true for the cold (neutral atomic and molecular) phases of outflows, which present observational and modeling challenges. Here we outline several key open questions, briefly discussing the requirements of the observations necessary to make progress, and the relevance of several existing and planned facilities. It is clear that galaxy outflows, and particularly cold outflows, will remain a topic of active research for the next decade and beyond.", "date": "2019-04-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-081203854", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-081203854", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1904.02120", "primary_object": { "basename": "1904.02120.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsv1j-7p493/files/1904.02120.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bolatto, Alberto D.; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sbcxm-knt45", "eprint_id": 97854, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:19:46", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:30:48", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "name": { "family": "Hirata", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2951-4932" }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Y." } }, { "name": { "family": "Weinberg", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Eifler", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Foley", "given": "R. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Heinrich", "given": "C. He" } }, { "name": { "family": "Krause", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Perlmutter", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Pisani", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Scolnic", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Spergel", "given": "D. N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Suntzeff", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Aldering", "given": "G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Baltay", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "P." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "name": { "family": "Choi", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Deustua", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Dvorkin", "given": "C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fall", "given": "S. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fang", "given": "X." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fruchter", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Galbany", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Ho", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hounsell", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Izard", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Jain", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Koekemoer", "given": "A. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kruk", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Leauthaud", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Mandelbaum", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Massara", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Masters", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Miyatake", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Plazas", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Rhoads", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Rose", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Rubin", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sako", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Samushia", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Shirasaki", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Simet", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Takada", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Troxel", "given": "M. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wu", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Yoshida", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Zhai-Zhongxu", "name": { "family": "Zhai", "given": "Z." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7984-5476" } ] }, "title": "WFIRST: The Essential Cosmology Space Observatory for the Coming Decade", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \n\n\u00a9 2019.\n\n

Submitted - 1904.01174.pdf

", "abstract": "Two decades after its discovery, cosmic acceleration remains the most profound mystery in cosmology and arguably in all of physics. Either the Universe is dominated by a form of dark energy with exotic physical properties not predicted by standard model physics, or General Relativity is not an adequate description of gravity over cosmic distances. WFIRST emerged as a top priority of Astro2010 in part because of its ability to address the mystery of cosmic acceleration through both high precision measurements of the cosmic expansion history and the growth of cosmic structures with multiple and redundant probes. We illustrate in this white paper how mission design changes since Astro2010 have made WFIRST an even more powerful dark energy facility and have improved the ability of WFIRST to respond to changes in the experimental landscape. WFIRST is the space-based probe of DE the community needs in the mid-2020s.", "date": "2019-04-02", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-085750799", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-085750799", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1904.01174", "primary_object": { "basename": "1904.01174.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sbcxm-knt45/files/1904.01174.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Dor\u00e9, Olivier; Hirata, C.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yagyk-3ta93", "eprint_id": 100355, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:00:49", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:03:35", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Christiansen-J-L", "name": { "family": "Christiansen", "given": "Jessie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8035-4778" }, { "id": "Barclay-T", "name": { "family": "Barclay", "given": "Thomas" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7139-2724" }, { "id": "Fossati-L", "name": { "family": "Fossati", "given": "Luca" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4426-9530" }, { "id": "France-K", "name": { "family": "France", "given": "Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1002-3674" }, { "id": "Lopez-E-D", "name": { "family": "Lopez", "given": "Eric" } }, { "id": "Rowe-J-F", "name": { "family": "Rowe", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5904-1865" }, { "id": "Schlieder-J-E", "name": { "family": "Schlieder", "given": "Joshua" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5347-7062" }, { "id": "Wakeford-H-R", "name": { "family": "Wakeford", "given": "Hannah" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4328-3867" }, { "id": "Youngblood-A", "name": { "family": "Youngblood", "given": "Allison" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1176-3391" }, { "id": "Hardegree-Ullman-K-K", "name": { "family": "Hardegree-Ullman", "given": "Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3702-0382" }, { "id": "Gelino-D-M", "name": { "family": "Gelino", "given": "Dawn" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1274-2784" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" } ] }, "title": "Understanding Exoplanet Atmospheres with UV Observations I: NUV and Blue/Optical", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.09150.pdf

", "abstract": "Much of the focus of exoplanet atmosphere analysis in the coming decade will be atinfrared wavelengths, with the planned launches of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). However, without being placed in the context of broader wavelength coverage, especially in the optical and ultraviolet, infrared observations produce an incomplete picture of exoplanet atmospheres. Scattering information encoded in blue optical and near-UV observations can help determine whether muted spectral features observed in the infrared are due to a hazy/cloudy atmosphere, or a clear atmosphere with a higher mean molecular weight. UV observations can identify atmospheric escape and mass loss from exoplanet atmospheres, providing a greater understanding of the atmospheric evolution of exoplanets, along with composition information from above the cloud deck. In this white paper we focus on the science case for exoplanet observations in the near-UV; an accompanying white paper led by Eric Lopez will focus on the science case in the far-UV.", "date": "2019-03-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191218-131310865", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191218-131310865", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.09150", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.09150.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yagyk-3ta93/files/1903.09150.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Christiansen, Jessie; Barclay, Thomas; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aqe5d-zf630", "eprint_id": 100059, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:00:44", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:03:19", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gaudi-B-S", "name": { "family": "Gaudi", "given": "B. Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0395-9869" }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" }, { "id": "Shvartzvald-Y", "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Yossi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1525-5041" } ] }, "title": "'Auxiliary' Science with the WFIRST Microlensing Survey: Measurement of the Compact Object Mass Function over Ten Orders of Magnitude; Detection of ~10\u2075 Transiting Planets; Astroseismology of ~10\u2076 Bulge Giants; Detection of ~5x10\u00b3 Trans-Neptunian Objects; and Parallaxes and Proper Motions of ~6x10\u2076 Bulge and Disk Stars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.08986.pdf

", "abstract": "The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will monitor \u223c2 deg\u00b2 toward the Galactic bulge in a wide (\u223c1\u22122 \u03bcm) W149 filter at 15-minute cadence with exposure times of \u223c50s for 6 seasons of 72 days each, for a total \u223c41,000 exposures taken over \u223c432 days, spread over the 5-year prime mission. This will be one of the deepest exposures of the sky ever taken, reaching a photon-noise photometric precision of 0.01 mag per exposure and collecting a total of \u223c10\u2079 photons over the course of the survey for a W149_(AB) \u223c 21 star. Of order 4\u00d710\u2077 stars will be monitored with W149_(AB) < 21, and 10\u2078 stars with W145_(AB) < 23. The WFIRST microlensing survey will detect \u223c54,000 microlensing events, of which roughly 1% (\u223c500) will be due to isolated black holes, and \u223c3% (\u223c1600) will be due to isolated neutron stars. It will be sensitive to (effectively) isolated compact objects with masses as low as the mass of Pluto, thereby enabling a measurement of the compact object mass function over 10 orders of magnitude. Assuming photon-noise limited precision, it will detect \u223c10\u2075 transiting planets with sizes as small as \u223c2 R\u2295, perform asteroseismology of \u223c10\u2076 giant stars, measure the proper motions to \u223c0.3% and parallaxes to \u223c10% for the \u223c6\u00d710\u2076 disk and bulge stars in the survey area, and directly detect \u223c5\u00d710\u00b3 Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with diameters down to \u223c10 km, as well as detect \u223c10\u00b3 occulations of stars by TNOs during the survey. All of this science will completely serendipitous, i.e., it will not require modifications of the WFIRST optimal microlensing survey design. Allowing for some minor deviation from the optimal design, such as monitoring the Galactic center, would enable an even broader range of transformational science.", "date": "2019-03-21", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-093735978", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-093735978", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08986", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08986.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aqe5d-zf630/files/1903.08986.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Gaudi, B. Scott; Akeson, Rachel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r1pk4-8f098", "eprint_id": 96571, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:00:35", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:36:27", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Christiansen-J-L", "name": { "family": "Christiansen", "given": "Jessie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8035-4778" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Huber-Daniel", "name": { "family": "Huber", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8832-4488" }, { "id": "Marley-M-S", "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "Mark S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5251-2943" } ] }, "title": "Mapping out the time-evolution of exoplanet processes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.09110.pdf

", "abstract": "There are many competing theories and models describing the formation, migration and evolution of exoplanet systems. As both the precision with which we can characterize exoplanets and their host stars, and the number of systems for which we can make such a characterization increase, we begin to see pathways forward for validating these theories. In this white paper we identify predicted, observable correlations that are accessible in the near future, particularly trends in exoplanet populations, radii, orbits and atmospheres with host star age. By compiling a statistically significant sample of well-characterized exoplanets with precisely measured ages, we should be able to begin identifying the dominant processes governing the time-evolution of exoplanet systems.", "date": "2019-03-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-141230167", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-141230167", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.09110", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.09110.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r1pk4-8f098/files/1903.09110.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Christiansen, Jessie; Beichman, Charles A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nxna8-wqt12", "eprint_id": 98855, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:00:40", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:02:30", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ferraro-S", "name": { "family": "Ferraro", "given": "Simone" } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "id": "Prakash-Abhishek", "name": { "family": "Prakash", "given": "Abhishek" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4451-4444" } ] }, "title": "Inflation and Dark Energy from spectroscopy at z > 2", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.09208.pdf

", "abstract": "The expansion of the Universe is understood to have accelerated during two epochs: in its very first moments during a period of Inflation and much more recently, at z < 1, when Dark Energy is hypothesized to drive cosmic acceleration. The undiscovered mechanisms behind these two epochs represent some of the most important open problems in fundamental physics. The large cosmological volume at 2 < z < 5, together with the ability to efficiently target high-z galaxies with known techniques, enables large gains in the study of Inflation and Dark Energy. A future spectroscopic survey can test the Gaussianity of the initial conditions up to a factor of ~50 better than our current bounds, crossing the crucial theoretical threshold of \u03c3(f^(local)_(NL)) of order unity that separates single field and multi-field models. Simultaneously, it can measure the fraction of Dark Energy at the percent level up to z = 5, thus serving as an unprecedented test of the standard model and opening up a tremendous discovery space.", "date": "2019-03-21", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-111119374", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-111119374", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "TAPIR" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.09208", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.09208.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nxna8-wqt12/files/1903.09208.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ferraro, Simone; Dor\u00e9, Olivier; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49qr3-sp417", "eprint_id": 94231, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:59:58", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:35:13", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Carilli-C-L", "name": { "family": "Carilli", "given": "Chris" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6647-3861" }, { "id": "Decarli-R", "name": { "family": "Decarli", "given": "Roberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2662-8803" }, { "id": "Riechers-D-A", "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9585-1462" }, { "id": "Aravena-M", "name": { "family": "Aravena", "given": "Manuel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6290-3198" }, { "id": "Bauer-F-E", "name": { "family": "Bauer", "given": "Franz Erik" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8686-8737" }, { "id": "Bertoldi-F", "name": { "family": "Bertoldi", "given": "Frank" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1707-1775" }, { "id": "Bolatto-A-D", "name": { "family": "Bolatto", "given": "Alberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5480-5686" }, { "id": "Boogaard-Leindert", "name": { "family": "Boogaard", "given": "Leindert" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3952-8588" }, { "id": "Bouwens-R-J", "name": { "family": "Bouwens", "given": "Rychard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4989-2471" }, { "id": "Burgarella-D", "name": { "family": "Burgarella", "given": "Denis" } }, { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Cortes-Paolo", "name": { "family": "Cortes", "given": "Paolo" } }, { "id": "Cox-Pierre", "name": { "family": "Cox", "given": "Pierre" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2027-8221" }, { "id": "Daddi-Emanuele", "name": { "family": "Daddi", "given": "Emanuele" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3331-9590" }, { "id": "Darling-J", "name": { "family": "Darling", "given": "Jeremy" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2511-2060" }, { "id": "Emonts-B", "name": { "family": "Emonts", "given": "Bjorn" } }, { "id": "Gonzalez-Lopez-Jorge", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez Lopez", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Hodge-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hodge", "given": "Jacqueline" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6586-8845" }, { "id": "Inami-Hanae", "name": { "family": "Inami", "given": "Hanae" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4268-0393" }, { "id": "Ivison-R-J", "name": { "family": "Ivison", "given": "Rob" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5118-1313" }, { "id": "Kovetz-E-D", "name": { "family": "Kovetz", "given": "Ely" } }, { "id": "Le-F\u00e8vre-O", "name": { "family": "Le F\u00e8vre", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5891-2596" }, { "id": "Magnelli-B", "name": { "family": "Magnelli", "given": "Benjamin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6777-6490" }, { "id": "Marrone-D-P", "name": { "family": "Marrone", "given": "Dan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2367-1080" }, { "id": "Murphy-E-J", "name": { "family": "Murphy", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7089-7325" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" }, { "id": "Novak-Mladen", "name": { "family": "Novak", "given": "Mladen" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8695-825X" }, { "id": "Oesch-P-A", "name": { "family": "Oesch", "given": "Pascal" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5851-6649" }, { "id": "Pavesi-R", "name": { "family": "Pavesi", "given": "Riccardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2263-646X" }, { "id": "Diaz-Santos-Tanio", "name": { "family": "Diaz Santos", "given": "Tanio" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0699-6083" }, { "id": "Sargent-M-T", "name": { "family": "Sargent", "given": "Mark" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1033-9684" }, { "id": "Scott-Douglas", "name": { "family": "Scott", "given": "Douglas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6878-9840" }, { "id": "Scoville-N-Z", "name": { "family": "Scoville", "given": "Nick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0438-3323" }, { "id": "Stacey-G-J", "name": { "family": "Stacey", "given": "Gordon" } }, { "id": "Wagg-Jeff", "name": { "family": "Wagg", "given": "Jeff" } }, { "id": "van-der-Werf-P-P", "name": { "family": "van der Werf", "given": "Paul" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5434-5942" }, { "id": "Uzgil-B-D", "name": { "family": "Uzgil", "given": "Bade" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8526-3464" }, { "id": "Weiss-Axel", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Axel" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4678-3939" }, { "id": "Yun-Min-S", "name": { "family": "Yun", "given": "Min" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7095-7543" } ] }, "title": "The evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.08659.pdf

", "abstract": "One of the last missing pieces in the puzzle of galaxy formation and evolution through cosmic history is a detailed picture of the role of the cold gas supply in the star-formation process. Cold gas is the fuel for star formation, and thus regulates the buildup of stellar mass, both through the amount of material present through a galaxy's gas mass fraction, and through the efficiency at which it is converted to stars. Over the last decade, important progress has been made in understanding the relative importance of these two factors along with the role of feedback, and the first measurements of the volume density of cold gas out to redshift 4, (the \"cold gas history of the Universe\") has been obtained. To match the precision of measurements of the star formation and black-hole accretion histories over the coming decades, a two orders of magnitude improvement in molecular line survey speeds is required compared to what is possible with current facilities. Possible pathways towards such large gains include significant upgrades to current facilities like ALMA by 2030 (and beyond), and eventually the construction of a new generation of radio-to-millimeter wavelength facilities, such as the next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) concept.", "date": "2019-03-20", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082302541", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082302541", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08659", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08659.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49qr3-sp417/files/1903.08659.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Walter, Fabian; Carilli, Chris; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3z1z-ptz92", "eprint_id": 96511, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:49", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:29:11", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kasliwal-M-M", "name": { "family": "Kasliwal", "given": "Mansi M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5619-4938" }, { "id": "Adams-Scott-M", "name": { "family": "Adams", "given": "Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5855-5939" }, { "id": "Andreoni-I", "name": { "family": "Andreoni", "given": "Igor" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8977-1498" }, { "id": "Ashley-M-C-B", "name": { "family": "Ashley", "given": "Michael" } }, { "id": "Blagorodnova-N", "name": { "family": "Blagorodnova", "given": "Nadia" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0901-1606" }, { "id": "De-Kishalay", "name": { "family": "De", "given": "Kishalay" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8989-0542" }, { "id": "Frostig-D", "name": { "family": "Frostig", "given": "Danielle" } }, { "id": "F\u0171r\u00e9sz-G", "name": { "family": "F\u0171r\u00e9sz", "given": "G\u00e1bor" } }, { "id": "Jencson-J-E", "name": { "family": "Jencson", "given": "Jacob" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5754-4007" }, { "id": "Hankins-M-J", "name": { "family": "Hankins", "given": "Matthew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9315-8437" }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "id": "Lau-Ryan-M", "name": { "family": "Lau", "given": "Ryan M." } }, { "id": "Moore-A-M", "name": { "family": "Moore", "given": "Anna" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2894-6936" }, { "id": "Ofek-E-O", "name": { "family": "Ofek", "given": "Eran" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6786-8774" }, { "id": "Simcoe-R-A", "name": { "family": "Simcoe", "given": "Rob" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3769-9559" }, { "id": "Sokoloski-J-L", "name": { "family": "Sokoloski", "given": "Jennifer" } }, { "id": "Soon-Jamie", "name": { "family": "Soon", "given": "Jamie" } }, { "id": "Tinyanont-S", "name": { "family": "Tinyanont", "given": "Samaporn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1481-4676" }, { "id": "Travouillon-T-D", "name": { "family": "Travouillon", "given": "Tony" } } ] }, "title": "The Dynamic Infrared Sky", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.08128.pdf

", "abstract": "Opening up the dynamic infrared sky for systematic time-domain exploration would yield many scientific advances. Multi-messenger pursuits such as localizing gravitational waves from neutron star mergers and quantifying the nucleosynthetic yields require the infrared. Another multi-messenger endeavor that needs infrared surveyors is the study of the much-awaited supernova in our own Milky Way. Understanding shocks in novae, true rates of supernovae and stellar mergers are some other examples of stellar evolution and high energy physics wherein the answers are buried in the infrared. We discuss some of the challenges in the infrared and pathfinders to overcome them. We conclude with recommendations on both infrared discovery engines and infrared follow-up machines that would enable this field to flourish in the next decade.", "date": "2019-03-19", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-075911840", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-075911840", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08128", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08128.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3z1z-ptz92/files/1903.08128.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Adams, Scott; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c3ntk-xsv07", "eprint_id": 99934, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:58", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:03:08", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yee-Jennifer-C", "name": { "family": "Yee", "given": "Jennifer C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9481-7123" }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" }, { "id": "Shvartzvald-Y", "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Yossi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1525-5041" } ] }, "title": "The Scientific Context of WFIRST Microlensing in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Science White Paper submitted to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey.\n\n

Submitted - 1903.08219.pdf

", "abstract": "As discussed in Exoplanet Science Strategy (National Academies of Sciences Engineering\nand Medicine 2018), WFIRST (Akeson et al. 2019) is uniquely capable of finding planets\nwith masses as small as Mars at separations comparable to Jupiter, i.e., beyond the current\nice lines of main sequence stars. In semimajor axis, these planets fall between the close-in\nplanets found by Kepler (Coughlin et al. 2016) and the wide separation gas giants seen by\ndirect imaging (e.g. Lagrange et al. 2009) and ice giants inferred from ALMA observations\n(Zhang et al. 2018). Furthermore, the smallest planets WFIRST can detect are smaller\nthan the planets probed by radial velocity (Mayor et al. 2011; Bonfils et al. 2013) and Gaia\n(Perryman et al. 2014) at comparable separations. Interpreting planet populations to infer\nthe underlying formation and evolutionary processes requires combining results from multiple\ndetection methods to measure the full variation of planets as a function of planet size, orbital\nseparation, and host star mass. Microlensing is the only way to find planets from 0.5 to 5M\u2295 at separations of 1 to 5 au.\nFundamentally, the case for a microlensing survey from space has not changed in the past\n20 years: going to space allows wide-field diffraction-limited observations that can resolve\nmain-sequence stars in the bulge, which in turn allows the detection and characterization of\nthe smallest microlensing signals including those from planets with masses at least as small\nas Mars (Bennett & Rhie 2002). What has changed is that ground-based microlensing is\nreaching its limits, which underscores the scientific necessity for a space-based microlensing\nsurvey to measure the population of the smallest planets. Ground-based microlensing has\nfound a break in the mass-ratio distribution at about a Neptune mass-ratio (Suzuki et al.\n2016; Jung et al. 2018), implying that Neptunes are the most common microlensing planet\nand that planets smaller than this are rare. However, ground-based microlensing reaches\nits detection limits at mass ratios only slightly below the observed break. The WFIRST\nmicrolensing survey will measure the shape of the mass-ratio function below the break by\nfinding numerous smaller planets: ~ 500 Neptunes, a comparable number of large gas giants,\nand ~ 200 Earths (if they are as common as Neptunes), and it can detect planets as small\nas 0.1M\u2295 (Penny et al. 2018). In addition, because it will also measure host star masses and\ndistances, WFIRST will also track the behavior of the planet distribution as a function of\nseparation and host star mass.", "date": "2019-03-19", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191119-114457740", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191119-114457740", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08219", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08219.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c3ntk-xsv07/files/1903.08219.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Yee, Jennifer C.; Akeson, Rachel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kvgkr-z2r24", "eprint_id": 96569, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:53", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:23:32", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bhattacharya-A", "name": { "family": "Bhattacharya", "given": "Aparna" } }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "Jay" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bachelet", "given": "Etienne" } }, { "name": { "family": "Beaulieu", "given": "Jean-Phillipe" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bellini", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "David P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Boss", "given": "Alan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bozza", "given": "Valerio" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bryden", "given": "Geoffrey" } }, { "name": { "family": "Cassan", "given": "Arnaud" } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "name": { "family": "Dominik", "given": "Martin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Fukui", "given": "Akihiko" } }, { "name": { "family": "Gaudi", "given": "B. Scott" } }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" }, { "name": { "family": "Jacklin", "given": "Savannah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Samson A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Koshimoto", "given": "Naoki" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mao", "given": "Shude" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Ngo", "given": "Henry" } }, { "name": { "family": "Penny", "given": "Matthew T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Poleski", "given": "Radoslaw" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ranc", "given": "Cl\u00e9ment" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dodgson-Robinson", "given": "Sarah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Rogers", "given": "Leslie A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sahu", "given": "Kailash C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Seager", "given": "Sara" } }, { "name": { "family": "Street", "given": "R. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Suzuki", "given": "Daisuke" } }, { "name": { "family": "Szulagyi", "given": "Judit" } }, { "name": { "family": "Tsapras", "given": "Yiannis" } }, { "name": { "family": "Udalski", "given": "Andrzej" } }, { "name": { "family": "Yock", "given": "Philip" } }, { "name": { "family": "Zimmerman", "given": "Neil" } } ] }, "title": "Masses and Distances of Planetary Microlens Systems with High Angular Resolution Imaging", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.08185.pdf

", "abstract": "Microlensing is the only method that can detect and measure mass of wide orbit, low mass, solar system analog exoplanets. Mass measurements of such planets would yield massive science on planet formation, exoplanet demographics, free floating planets, planet frequencies towards the galaxy. High res follow-up observations of past microlens targets provide a mass measurement of microlens planets and hosts at an uncertainty of <20%. This will be primary method for mass measurement with WFIRST. We advocate for the fact that high resolution observations with AO, HST and JWST(in future) remain necessary in coming decade to develop the methods, to determine the field and filter selection, understand the systematics and to develop a robust pipeline to release high quality data products from WFIRST microlensing survey such that the astronomy community can promptly engage in the science. We also support future high res obs with US ELTs with advanced Laser AO systems in context of enhancing the science return of WFIRST microlensing survey. \nWe endorse the 2018 Exoplanet Science Strategy report published by the National Academy. This white paper extends and complements the material presented therein. In particular, this white paper supports the recommendation of the National Academy Exoplanet Science Strategy report that: NASA should launch WFIRST to conduct its microlensing survey of distant planets and to demonstrate the technique of coronagraphic spectroscopy on exoplanet targets. This white paper also supports to the finding from that report which states \"A number of activities, including precursor and concurrent observations using ground- and space-based facilities, would optimize the scientific yield of the WFIRST microlensing survey.\"", "date": "2019-03-19", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-134731951", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-134731951", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08185", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08185.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kvgkr-z2r24/files/1903.08185.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bhattacharya, Aparna; Akeson, Rachel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ggf9y-w8k79", "eprint_id": 95503, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:44", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:57:38", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bennett-D-P", "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "David P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8043-8413" }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "id": "Christiansen-J-L", "name": { "family": "Christiansen", "given": "Jessie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8035-4778" }, { "id": "Fulton-B-J", "name": { "family": "Fulton", "given": "Benjamin J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316" }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" } ] }, "title": "Wide-Orbit Exoplanet Demographics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.08187.pdf

", "abstract": "The Kepler, K2 and TESS transit surveys are revolutionizing our understanding of planets orbiting close to their host stars and our understanding of exoplanet systems in general, but there remains a gap in our understanding of wide-orbit planets. This gap in our understanding must be filled if we are to understand planet formation and how it affects exoplanet habitability. We summarize current and planned exoplanet detection programs using a variety of methods: microlensing (including WFIRST), radial velocities, Gaia astrometry, and direct imaging. Finally, we discuss the prospects for joint analyses using results from multiple methods and obstacles that could hinder such analyses. \nWe endorse the findings and recommendations published in the 2018 National Academy report on Exoplanet Science Strategy. This white paper extends and complements the material presented therein.", "date": "2019-03-19", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190515-091353824", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190515-091353824", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08187", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08187.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ggf9y-w8k79/files/1903.08187.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bennett, David P.; Akeson, Rachel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gsjnw-e5e95", "eprint_id": 96604, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:57:12", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:48:24", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zellem-R-T", "name": { "family": "Zellem", "given": "Robert T." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7547-0398" }, { "id": "Biferno-A", "name": { "family": "Biferno", "given": "Anya" } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Dussault-M", "name": { "family": "Dussault", "given": "Mary" } }, { "id": "Peticolas-L", "name": { "family": "Peticolas", "given": "Laura" } }, { "id": "Fowler-M", "name": { "family": "Fowler", "given": "Martin" } }, { "id": "Pearson-K-A", "name": { "family": "Pearson", "given": "Kyle A." } }, { "id": "Gee-W-T", "name": { "family": "Gee", "given": "Wilfred" } }, { "id": "Zimmerman-Brachman-R", "name": { "family": "Zimmerman-Brachman", "given": "Rachel" } }, { "id": "Smith-Denise", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Denise" } }, { "id": "Cominsky-L", "name": { "family": "Cominsky", "given": "Lynn" } }, { "id": "Roudier-G-M", "name": { "family": "Roudier", "given": "Gael M." } }, { "id": "Lawton-B", "name": { "family": "Lawton", "given": "Brandon" } }, { "id": "Baer-R", "name": { "family": "Baer", "given": "Robert" } }, { "id": "Dragomir-D", "name": { "family": "Dragomir", "given": "Diana" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2313-467X" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Kuchner-M-J", "name": { "family": "Kuchner", "given": "Marc" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2387-5489" }, { "id": "Sienkiewicz-F", "name": { "family": "Sienkiewicz", "given": "Frank" } }, { "id": "Walawender-J", "name": { "family": "Walawender", "given": "Josh" } } ] }, "title": "Engaging Citizen Scientists to Keep Transit Times Fresh and Ensure the Efficient Use of Transiting Exoplanet Characterization Missions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \u00a9 2019. All rights reserved. NASA's Universe of Learning is supported under award number NNX16AC65A to the Space Telescope Science Institute, working in partnership with Caltech/IPAC, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and Sonoma State University.\n\n

Submitted - 1903.07716.pdf

", "abstract": "This white paper advocates for the creation of a community-wide program to maintain precise mid-transit times of exoplanets that would likely be targeted by future platforms. Given the sheer number of targets that will require careful monitoring between now and the launch of the next generation of exoplanet characterization missions, this network will initially be devised as a citizen science project -- focused on the numerous amateur astronomers, small universities and community colleges and high schools that have access to modest sized telescopes and off-the-shelf CCDs.", "date": "2019-03-18", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190620-144120530", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190620-144120530", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NNX16AC65A" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.07716", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.07716.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gsjnw-e5e95/files/1903.07716.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Zellem, Robert T.; Biferno, Anya; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tz9gr-bhr22", "eprint_id": 94232, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:55:06", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:57:04", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Fabbiano-G", "name": { "family": "Fabbiano", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3554-3318" }, { "name": { "family": "Elvis", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Accomazzi", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Berriman-G-B", "name": { "family": "Berriman", "given": "G. B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8388-534X" }, { "name": { "family": "Brickhouse", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Bose", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Carrera", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Chilingarian", "given": "I." } }, { "name": { "family": "Civano", "given": "F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Czerny", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "D'Abrusco", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Diemer", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Drake", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Meibody", "given": "R. Emami" } }, { "name": { "family": "Farah", "given": "J. R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "G. G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Feigelson", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fornasini", "given": "F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Gallagher", "given": "Jay" } }, { "name": { "family": "Grindlay", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hernquist", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "James", "given": "D. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Karovska", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kashyap", "given": "V." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kim", "given": "D.-W." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lacy", "given": "G. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lazio", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lusso", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Maksym", "given": "W. P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Martinez Galarza", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Mazzarella-J-M", "name": { "family": "Mazzarella", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8204-8619" }, { "name": { "family": "Ntampaka", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Risaliti", "given": "G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sanders", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Scoville-N-Z", "name": { "family": "Scoville", "given": "N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0438-3323" }, { "name": { "family": "Shapiro", "given": "I." } }, { "name": { "family": "Siemiginowska", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Smth", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Szentgyorgyi", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Tacchella", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Thakar", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Tolls", "given": "V." } }, { "name": { "family": "Vrtilek", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wilkes", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wilner", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Willner", "given": "S. P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wolk", "given": "S. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Zhao", "given": "J.-H." } } ] }, "title": "Increasing the Discovery Space in Astrophysics - A Collation of Six Submitted White Papers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.06634.pdf

", "abstract": "We write in response to the call from the 2020 Decadal Survey to submit white papers illustrating the most pressing scientific questions in astrophysics for the coming decade. We propose exploration as the central question for the Decadal Committee's discussions. The history of astronomy shows that paradigm changing discoveries are not driven by well formulated scientific questions, based on the knowledge of the time. They were instead the result of the increase in discovery space fostered by new telescopes and instruments. An additional tool for increasing the discovery space is provided by the analysis and mining of the increasingly larger amount of archival data available to astronomers. Revolutionary observing facilities, and the state of the art astronomy archives needed to support these facilities, will open up the universe to new discovery. Here we focus on exploration for compact objects and multi messenger science. This white paper includes science examples of the power of the discovery approach, encompassing all the areas of astrophysics covered by the 2020 Decadal Survey.", "date": "2019-03-15", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082306034", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082306034", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.06634.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tz9gr-bhr22/files/1903.06634.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Fabbiano, G.; Elvis, M.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bcv1w-4we73", "eprint_id": 100325, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:56:03", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 13:09:17", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Appleton-P-N", "name": { "family": "Appleton", "given": "Philip N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7607-8766" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Boulanger-F", "name": { "family": "Boulanger", "given": "Fran\u00e7ois" } }, { "id": "Bradford-C-M", "name": { "family": "Bradford", "given": "Matt" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5261-7094" }, { "id": "Braine-Jonathan", "name": { "family": "Braine", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "id": "Bromm-V", "name": { "family": "Bromm", "given": "Volker" } }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Cluver-M-E", "name": { "family": "Cluver", "given": "Michelle" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9871-6490" }, { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "D\u00edaz-Santos-T", "name": { "family": "D\u00edaz-Santos", "given": "Tanio" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0699-6083" }, { "id": "Egami-Eiichi", "name": { "family": "Egami", "given": "Eiichi" } }, { "id": "Emonts-B", "name": { "family": "Emonts", "given": "Bjorn" } }, { "id": "Guillard-P", "name": { "family": "Guillard", "given": "Pierre" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2421-1350" }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "id": "Lanz-L", "name": { "family": "Lanz", "given": "Lauranne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3249-8224" }, { "id": "Madden-S", "name": { "family": "Madden", "given": "Susanne" } }, { "id": "Medling-A-M", "name": { "family": "Medling", "given": "Anne" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7421-2944" }, { "id": "O'Sullivan-E", "name": { "family": "O'Sullivan", "given": "Ewan" } }, { "id": "Ogle-P-M", "name": { "family": "Ogle", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3471-981X" }, { "id": "Pope-Alexandra", "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Alexandra" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8592-2706" }, { "id": "Pineau-des-For\u00eats-G", "name": { "family": "Pineau des For\u00eats", "given": "Guillaume" } }, { "id": "Shull-J-M", "name": { "family": "Shull", "given": "J. Michael" } }, { "id": "Smith-J-D-T", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "John-David" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1545-5078" }, { "id": "Togi-A", "name": { "family": "Togi", "given": "Aditya" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5042-3421" }, { "id": "Xu-C-Kevin", "name": { "family": "Xu", "given": "C. Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1588-6700" } ] }, "title": "Warm H\u2082 as a probe of massive accretion and feedback through shocks and turbulence across cosmic time", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted as a science White Paper to the Astronomy and Astrophysics Astro 2020 Decadal Survey call issued by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (March 11 2019).\n\n

Submitted - 1903.06653.pdf

", "abstract": "Galaxy formation depends on a complex interplay between gravitational collapse, gas accretion, merging, and feedback processes. Yet, after many decades of investigation, these concepts are poorly understood. This paper presents the argument that warm H\u2082 can be used as a tool to unlock some of these mysteries. Turbulence, shocks and outflows, driven by star formation, AGN activity or inflows, may prevent the rapid buildup of star formation in galaxies. Central to our understanding of how gas is converted into stars is the process by which gas can dissipate its mechanical energy through turbulence and shocks in order to cool. H\u2082 lines provide direct quantitative measurements of kinetic energy dissipation in molecular gas in galaxies throughout the Universe. Based on the detection of very powerful H\u2082 lines from z = 2 galaxies and proto-clusters at the detection limits of Spitzer, we are confident that future far-IR and UV H\u2082 observations will provide a wealth of new information and insight into galaxy evolution to high-z. Finally, at the very earliest epoch of star and galaxy formation, warm H\u2082 may also provide a unique glimpse of molecular gas collapse at 7 < z < 12 in massive dark matter (DM) halos on their way to forming the very first galaxies. Such measurements are beyond the reach of existing and planned observatories.", "date": "2019-03-15", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-095259394", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-095259394", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.06653", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.06653.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bcv1w-4we73/files/1903.06653.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Appleton, Philip N.; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5f4rf-p8x96", "eprint_id": 96745, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:53:32", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 16:15:22", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dickinson-Mark-E", "name": { "family": "Dickinson", "given": "Mark" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5414-5131" }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } }, { "id": "Bartlett-James", "name": { "family": "Bartlett", "given": "James" } }, { "id": "Behroozi-P-S", "name": { "family": "Behroozi", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Brinchmann-J", "name": { "family": "Brinchmann", "given": "Jarle" } }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "id": "Cimatti-A", "name": { "family": "Cimatti", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "id": "Coil-A-L", "name": { "family": "Coil", "given": "Alison" } }, { "id": "Conroy-C", "name": { "family": "Conroy", "given": "Charlie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1590-8551" }, { "id": "Daddi-Emanuele", "name": { "family": "Daddi", "given": "Emanuele" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3331-9590" }, { "id": "Donahue-Megan", "name": { "family": "Donahue", "given": "Megan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2808-0853" }, { "id": "Eisenhardt-P-R-M", "name": { "family": "Eisenhardt", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Ferguson-H-C", "name": { "family": "Ferguson", "given": "Henry C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7113-2738" }, { "id": "Furlanetto-S-R", "name": { "family": "Furlanetto", "given": "Steve" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0658-1243" }, { "id": "Glazebrook-K", "name": { "family": "Glazebrook", "given": "Karl" } }, { "id": "Gonzalez-A-H", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez", "given": "Anthony" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0933-8601" }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "id": "Hopkins-P-F", "name": { "family": "Hopkins", "given": "Philip F." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3729-1684" }, { "id": "Kartaltepe-J", "name": { "family": "Kartaltepe", "given": "Jeyhan" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9187-3605" }, { "id": "Lee-Janice-C", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Janice" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2278-9407" }, { "id": "Malhotra-S", "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "Sangeeta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9226-5350" }, { "id": "Marshall-J-L", "name": { "family": "Marshall", "given": "Jennifer" } }, { "id": "Newman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Jeffrey A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8684-2222" }, { "id": "Orsi-Alvaro", "name": { "family": "Orsi", "given": "Alvaro" } }, { "id": "Rhoads-J-E", "name": { "family": "Rhoads", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1501-454X" }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" }, { "id": "Shapley-A-E", "name": { "family": "Shapley", "given": "Alice" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3509-4855" }, { "id": "Wechsler-R-H", "name": { "family": "Wechsler", "given": "Risa H." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2229-011X" } ] }, "title": "Observing Galaxy Evolution in the Context of Large-Scale Structure", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.07409.pdf

", "abstract": "Galaxies form and evolve in the context of their local and large-scale environments. Their baryonic content that we observe with imaging and spectroscopy is intimately connected to the properties of their dark matter halos, and to their location in the \"cosmic web\" of large-scale structure. Very large spectroscopic surveys of the local universe (e.g., SDSS and GAMA) measure galaxy positions (location within large-scale structure), statistical clustering (a direct constraint on dark matter halo masses), and spectral features (measuring physical conditions of the gas and stars within the galaxies, as well as internal velocities). Deep surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of redshifts and spectral properties for galaxies out to the epoch of reionization, but with numerical statistics and over cosmic volumes that are too small to map large-scale structure and to constrain halo properties via clustering. Here, we consider advances in understanding galaxy evolution that would be enabled by very large spectroscopic surveys at high redshifts: very large numbers of galaxies (outstanding statistics) over large co-moving volumes (large-scale structure on all scales) over broad redshift ranges (evolution over most of cosmic history). The required observational facility can be established as part of the probe portfolio by NASA within the next decade.", "date": "2019-03-14", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-140614418", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-140614418", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.07409", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.07409.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5f4rf-p8x96/files/1903.07409.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Dickinson, Mark; Wang, Yun; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6z32y-hds87", "eprint_id": 96568, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:53:28", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:23:11", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bowler-B-P", "name": { "family": "Bowler", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2649-2288" }, { "name": { "family": "Sallum", "given": "Steph" } }, { "name": { "family": "Boss", "given": "Alan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Brandt", "given": "Timothy" } }, { "name": { "family": "Briesemeister", "given": "Zack" } }, { "id": "Bryan-M-L", "name": { "family": "Bryan", "given": "Marta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967" }, { "name": { "family": "Close", "given": "Laird" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2167-8246" }, { "name": { "family": "Crepp", "given": "Justin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Currie", "given": "Thayne" } }, { "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Girard", "given": "Julien" } }, { "name": { "family": "Jensen-Clem", "given": "Rebecca" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kama", "given": "Mihkel" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kraus", "given": "Adam" } }, { "name": { "family": "Konopacky", "given": "Quinn" } }, { "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "Mark" } }, { "name": { "family": "Marois", "given": "Christian" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "name": { "family": "Meyer", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Morley", "given": "Caroline" } }, { "name": { "family": "Nielsen", "given": "Eric" } }, { "name": { "family": "Skemer", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" }, { "name": { "family": "Wu", "given": "Ya-Lin" } } ] }, "title": "The Demographics and Atmospheres of Giant Planets with the ELTs", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.06299.pdf

", "abstract": "Gas giants are the most readily detectable exoplanets but fundamental questions about their system architectures, formation, migration, and atmospheres have been unanswerable with the current generation of ground- and space-based facilities. The dominant techniques to detect and characterize giant planets \u2212 radial velocities, transits, direct imaging, microlensing, and astrometry \u2212 are each isolated to a limited range of planet masses, separations, ages, and temperatures. These windows into the arrangement and physical properties of giant planets have spawned new questions about the timescale and location of their assembly; the distributions of planet mass and orbital separation at young and old ages; the composition and structure of their atmospheres; and their orbital and rotational angular momentum architectures. The ELTs will address these questions by building bridges between these islands of mass, orbital distance, and age. The angular resolution, collecting area, all-sky coverage, and novel instrumentation suite of these facilities are needed to provide a complete map of the orbits and atmospheric evolution of gas giant planets (0.3\u221210 M_(Jup)) across space (0.1\u2212100 AU) and time (1 Myr to 10 Gyr). This white paper highlights the scientific potential of the GMT and TMT to address these outstanding questions, with a particular focus on the role of direct imaging and spectroscopy of large samples of giant planets that will soon be made available with Gaia.", "date": "2019-03-14", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-133911809", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-133911809", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.06299", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.06299.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6z32y-hds87/files/1903.06299.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bowler, Brendan; Sallum, Steph; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9ggm-2bt79", "eprint_id": 97861, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:29", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:29:11", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Staguhn-J-G", "name": { "family": "Staguhn", "given": "Johannes" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8437-0433" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Blain-A-W", "name": { "family": "Blain", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7489-5167" }, { "id": "B\u00e9thermin-Matthieu", "name": { "family": "B\u00e9thermin", "given": "Matthieu" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3915-2015" }, { "id": "Champagne-J", "name": { "family": "Champagne", "given": "Jaclyn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6184-9097" }, { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Coppin-K-E-K", "name": { "family": "Coppin", "given": "Kristen" } }, { "id": "Drew-P", "name": { "family": "Drew", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3627-7485" }, { "id": "Dwek-E", "name": { "family": "Dwek", "given": "Eli" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8033-1181" }, { "id": "Finkelstein-S-L", "name": { "family": "Finkelstein", "given": "Steven" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8519-1130" }, { "id": "Franco-M", "name": { "family": "Franco", "given": "Maximilien" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3560-8599" }, { "id": "Geach-J-E", "name": { "family": "Geach", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4964-4635" }, { "id": "Hodge-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hodge", "given": "Jacqueline" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6586-8845" }, { "id": "Koprowski-M", "name": { "family": "Koprowski", "given": "Maciej" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5785-1154" }, { "id": "Lagos-C-D-P", "name": { "family": "Lagos", "given": "Claudia" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3021-8564" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" }, { "id": "Pope-Alexandra", "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Alexandra" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8592-2706" }, { "id": "Sanders-D-B", "name": { "family": "Sanders", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1233-9998" }, { "id": "Shivaei-Irene", "name": { "family": "Shivaei", "given": "Irene" } }, { "id": "Toft-S", "name": { "family": "Toft", "given": "Sune" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3631-7176" }, { "id": "Vieira-J-D", "name": { "family": "Vieira", "given": "Joaquin" } }, { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Whitaker-K", "name": { "family": "Whitaker", "given": "Kate" } }, { "id": "Yun-Min-S", "name": { "family": "Yun", "given": "Min" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7095-7543" }, { "id": "Zavala-J", "name": { "family": "Zavala", "given": "Jorge" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7051-1100" } ] }, "title": "Taking Census of Massive, Star-Forming Galaxies formed <1 Gyr After the Big Bang", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05634.pdf

", "abstract": "Two decades of effort have been poured into both single-dish and interferometric millimeter-wave surveys of the sky to infer the volume density of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs, with SFR>100M\u2299 yr^(\u22121)) over cosmic time. Though obscured galaxies dominate cosmic star-formation near its peak at z\u223c2, the contribution of such heavily obscured galaxies to cosmic star-formation is unknown beyond z\u223c2.5 in contrast to the well-studied population of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) studied through deep, space- and ground-based pencil beam surveys in the near-infrared. Unlocking the volume density of DSFGs beyond z>3, particularly within the first 1 Gyr after the Big Bang is critical to resolving key open questions about early Universe galaxy formation: (1) What is the integrated star-formation rate density of the Universe in the first few Gyr and how is it distributed among low-mass galaxies (e.g. Lyman-break galaxies) and high-mass galaxies (e.g. DSFGs and quasar host galaxies)? (2) How and where do the first massive galaxies assemble? (3) What can the most extreme DSFGs teach us about the mechanisms of dust production (e.g. supernovae, AGB stars, grain growth in the ISM) <1 Gyr after the Big Bang? We summarize the types of observations needed in the next decade to address these questions.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-100440817", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-100440817", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05634", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05634.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9ggm-2bt79/files/1903.05634.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Casey, Caitlin M.; Capak, Peter; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0dmvk-qym80", "eprint_id": 96506, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:14", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 06:05:00", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Bean-J-L", "name": { "family": "Bean", "given": "Jacob" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4733-6532" }, { "id": "Burt-J", "name": { "family": "Burt", "given": "Jennifer" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0040-6815" }, { "id": "Dragomir-D", "name": { "family": "Dragomir", "given": "Diana" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2313-467X" }, { "id": "Gaidos-E-J", "name": { "family": "Gaidos", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5258-6846" }, { "id": "Johnson-M-C", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Marshall C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5099-8185" }, { "id": "Kempton-E-M-R", "name": { "family": "Kempton", "given": "Eliza" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1337-9051" }, { "id": "Konopacky-Q-M", "name": { "family": "Konopacky", "given": "Quinn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285" }, { "id": "Meyer-M-R", "name": { "family": "Meyer", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1227-3084" }, { "id": "Teske-J-K", "name": { "family": "Teske", "given": "Johanna" } }, { "id": "Weiss-L-M", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Lauren" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058" }, { "id": "Zhou-George", "name": { "family": "Zhou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4891-3517" } ] }, "title": "Astro2020 Science White Paper: Toward Finding Earth 2.0: Masses and Orbits of Small Planets with Extreme Radial Velocity Precision", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05665.pdf

", "abstract": "Having discovered that Earth-sized planets are common, we are now embarking on a journey to determine if Earth-like planets are also common. Finding Earth-like planets is one of the most compelling endeavors of the 21st century - leading us toward finally answering the question: Are we alone? To achieve this forward-looking goal, we must determine the masses of the planets; the sizes of the planets, by themselves, are not sufficient for the determination of the bulk and atmospheric compositions. Masses, coupled with the radii, are crucial constraints on the bulk composition and interior structure of the planets and the composition of their atmospheres, including the search for biosignatures. Precision radial velocity is the most viable technique for providing essential mass and orbit information for spectroscopy of other Earths. The development of high quality precision radial velocity instruments coupled to the building of the large telescope facilities like TMT and GMT or space-based platforms like EarthFinder can enable very high spectral resolution observations with extremely precise radial velocities on minute timescales to allow for the modeling and removal of radial velocity jitter. Over the next decade, the legacy of exoplanet astrophysics can be cemented firmly as part of humankind's quest in finding the next Earth - but only if we can measure the masses and orbits of Earth-sized planets in habitable zone orbits around Sun-like stars.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190618-153409813", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190618-153409813", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05665", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05665.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0dmvk-qym80/files/1903.05665.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ciardi, David R.; Bean, Jacob; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fr3ve-naf15", "eprint_id": 97794, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:24", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 13:18:47", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Thilker-D-A", "name": { "family": "Thilker", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8528-7340" }, { "id": "Lee-Janice-C", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Janice" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2278-9407" }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Cook-D-O", "name": { "family": "Cook", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6877-7655" }, { "id": "Dale-D-A", "name": { "family": "Dale", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5782-9093" }, { "id": "Elmegreen-B-G", "name": { "family": "Elmegreen", "given": "Bruce" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1723-6330" }, { "id": "Gil-de-Paz-A", "name": { "family": "Gil de Paz", "given": "Armando" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6150-2854" }, { "id": "Gallagher-J-S", "name": { "family": "Gallagher", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Hunter-D-A", "name": { "family": "Hunter", "given": "Deidre" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3322-9798" }, { "id": "Leroy-A-K", "name": { "family": "Leroy", "given": "Adam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2545-1700" }, { "id": "Meurer-G-R", "name": { "family": "Meurer", "given": "Gerhardt" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0163-2507" }, { "id": "Pisano-D-J", "name": { "family": "Pisano", "given": "D. J." } }, { "id": "Rafelski-M", "name": { "family": "Rafelski", "given": "Marc" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9946-4731" }, { "id": "Tosi-Monica", "name": { "family": "Tosi", "given": "Monica" } }, { "id": "Wofford-A", "name": { "family": "Wofford", "given": "Aida" } } ] }, "title": "The Nature of Low-Density Star Formation", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05745.pdf

", "abstract": "How do stars manage to form within low-density, HI-dominated gas? Such environments provide a laboratory for studying star formation with physical conditions distinct from starbursts and the metal-rich disks of spiral galaxies where most effort has been invested. Here we outline fundamental open questions about the nature of star formation at low-density. We describe the wide-field, high-resolution UV-optical-IR-radio observations of stars, star clusters and gas clouds in nearby galaxies needed in the 2020's to provide definitive answers, essential for development of a complete theory of star formation.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190812-144155775", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190812-144155775", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05745", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05745.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fr3ve-naf15/files/1903.05745.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Thilker, David; Lee, Janice; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7990k-31t52", "eprint_id": 99003, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:42", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 23:52:05", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zemcov-M", "name": { "family": "Zemcov", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8253-1451" }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga Ram" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "id": "Shvartzvald-Y", "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Yossi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1525-5041" } ] }, "title": "Opportunities for Astrophysical Science from the Inner and Outer Solar System", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05729.pdf

", "abstract": "Astrophysical measurements away from the 1 AU orbit of Earth can enable several astrophysical science cases that are challenging or impossible to perform from Earthbound platforms, including: building a detailed understanding of the extragalactic background light throughout the electromagnetic spectrum; measurements of the properties of dust and ice in the inner and outer solar system; determinations of the mass of planets and stellar remnants far from luminous stars using gravitational microlensing; and stable time-domain astronomy. Though potentially transformative for astrophysics, opportunities to fly instrumentation capable of these measurements are rare, and a mission to the distant solar system that includes instrumentation expressly designed to perform astrophysical science, or even one primarily for a different purpose but capable of precise astronomical investigation, has not yet been flown. In this White Paper, we describe the science motivations for this kind of measurement, and advocate for future flight opportunities that permit intersectional collaboration and cooperation to make these science investigations a reality.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-084225513", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-084225513", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05729", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05729.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7990k-31t52/files/1903.05729.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Zemcov, Michael; Bock, James; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8tzjw-kar96", "eprint_id": 98988, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:37", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:02:50", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" } ] }, "title": "Illuminating the dark universe with a very high density galaxy redshift survey over a wide area", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.06034.pdf

", "abstract": "The nature of dark energy remains a profound mystery 20 years after the discovery of cosmic acceleration. A very high number density galaxy redshift survey over a wide area (HD GRS Wide) spanning the redshift range of 0.5", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-111228169", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-111228169", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.06034", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.06034.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8tzjw-kar96/files/1903.06034.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Wang, Yun; Dor\u00e9, Olivier; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rb9c2-6t353", "eprint_id": 98972, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:51:37", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:02:41", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pisani-A", "name": { "family": "Pisani", "given": "Alice" } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } } ] }, "title": "Cosmic voids: a novel probe to shed light on our Universe", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05161.pdf

", "abstract": "Cosmic voids, the less dense patches of the Universe, are promising laboratories to extract cosmological information. Thanks to their unique low density character, voids are extremely sensitive to diffuse components such as neutrinos and dark energy, and represent ideal environments to study modifications of gravity, where the effects of such modifications are expected to be more prominent. Robust void-related observables, including for example redshift-space distortions (RSD) and weak lensing around voids, are a promising way to chase and test new physics. Cosmological analysis of the large-scale structure of the Universe predominantly relies on the high density regions. Current and upcoming surveys are designed to optimize the extraction of cosmological information from these zones, but leave voids under-exploited. A dense, large area spectroscopic survey with imaging capabilities is ideal to exploit the power of voids fully. Besides helping illuminate the nature of dark energy, modified gravity, and neutrinos, this survey will give access to a detailed map of under-dense regions, providing an unprecedented opportunity to observe and study a so far under-explored galaxy population.", "date": "2019-03-12", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190930-153418475", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190930-153418475", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05161", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05161.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rb9c2-6t353/files/1903.05161.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Pisani, Alice; Dor\u00e9, Olivier; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zbp3a-g3z05", "eprint_id": 100068, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:51:42", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 16:13:31", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ridgway-Stephen-T", "name": { "family": "Ridgway", "given": "Stephen" } }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "id": "Baines-E-K", "name": { "family": "Baines", "given": "Ellyn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5684-3424" }, { "id": "Creech-Eakman-M-J", "name": { "family": "Creech-Eakman", "given": "Michelle" } }, { "id": "Boyajian-T-S", "name": { "family": "Boyajian", "given": "Tabetha" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9879-9313" }, { "id": "De-Beck-E", "name": { "family": "De Beck", "given": "Elvire" } }, { "id": "Dupree-A", "name": { "family": "Dupree", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "id": "Gies-D-R", "name": { "family": "Gies", "given": "Doug" } }, { "id": "Hinkle-K", "name": { "family": "Hinkle", "given": "Kenneth" } }, { "id": "Humphreys-E", "name": { "family": "Humphreys", "given": "Elizabeth" } }, { "id": "Humphreys-R-M", "name": { "family": "Humphreys", "given": "Roberta" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1720-9807" }, { "id": "Joyce-R", "name": { "family": "Joyce", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Matthews-L-D", "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Lynn" } }, { "id": "Monnier-J-D", "name": { "family": "Monnier", "given": "John" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3380-3307" }, { "id": "Norris-R", "name": { "family": "Norris", "given": "Ryan" } }, { "id": "Roettenbacher-R", "name": { "family": "Roettenbacher", "given": "Rachael" } }, { "id": "Stanghellini-L", "name": { "family": "Stanghellini", "given": "Letizia" } }, { "id": "ten-Brummelaar-Theo-A", "name": { "family": "ten Brummelaar", "given": "Theo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0114-7915" }, { "id": "van-Belle-G-T", "name": { "family": "van Belle", "given": "Gerard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8552-158X" }, { "id": "Vlemmings-W-H-T", "name": { "family": "Vlemmings", "given": "Wouter" } }, { "id": "Wheeler-J-C", "name": { "family": "Wheeler", "given": "J. Craig" } }, { "id": "White-R", "name": { "family": "White", "given": "Russell" } }, { "id": "Ziurys-L", "name": { "family": "Ziurys", "given": "Lucy" } } ] }, "title": "Precision Analysis of Evolved Stars", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05109.pdf

", "abstract": "Evolved stars dominate galactic spectra, enrich the galactic medium, expand to change their planetary systems, eject winds of a complex nature, produce spectacular nebulae and illuminate them, and transfer material between binary companions. While doing this, they fill the HR diagram with diagnostic loops that write the story of late stellar evolution. Evolved stars sometimes release unfathomable amounts of energy in neutrinos, light, kinetic flow, and gravitational waves. During these late-life times, stars evolve complexly, with expansion, convection, mixing, pulsation, mass loss. Some processes have virtually no spatial symmetries, and are poorly addressed with low-resolution measurements and analysis. Even a \"simple\" question as how to model mass loss resists solution. However, new methods offer increasingly diagnostic tools. Astrometry reveals populations and groupings. Pulsations/oscillations support study of stellar interiors. Optical/radio interferometry enable 2-3d imagery of atmospheres and shells. Bright stars with rich molecular spectra and velocity fields are a ripe opportunity for imaging with high spatial and spectral resolution, giving insight into the physics and modeling of later stellar evolution.", "date": "2019-03-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-132032525", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-132032525", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05109", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05109.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zbp3a-g3z05/files/1903.05109.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Ridgway, Stephen; Akeson, Rachel; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wwqa0-56508", "eprint_id": 97852, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:51:24", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:31:17", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pope-Alexandra", "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Alexandra" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8592-2706" }, { "id": "Armus-Lee", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "name": { "family": "Murphy", "given": "Eric" } }, { "id": "Aalto-Susanne", "name": { "family": "Aalto", "given": "Susanne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5828-7660" }, { "name": { "family": "Alexander", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Appleton-P-N", "name": { "family": "Appleton", "given": "Philip" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7607-8766" }, { "name": { "family": "Barger", "given": "Amy" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bradford", "given": "Matt" } }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Charmandaris", "given": "Vassilis" } }, { "id": "Chary-Ranga-Ram", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" } }, { "name": { "family": "Condon", "given": "Jim" } }, { "name": { "family": "Diaz Santos", "given": "Tanio" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0699-6083" }, { "name": { "family": "Dickinson", "given": "Mark" } }, { "name": { "family": "Farrah", "given": "Duncan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ferkinhoff", "given": "Carl" } }, { "name": { "family": "Grogin", "given": "Norman" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hickox", "given": "Ryan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kirkpatrick", "given": "Allison" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kotaro", "given": "Kohno" } }, { "name": { "family": "Matthews", "given": "Allison" } }, { "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" } }, { "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sajina", "given": "Anna" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sargent", "given": "Mark" } }, { "name": { "family": "Scott", "given": "Douglas" } }, { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "J. D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Stacey", "given": "Gordon" } }, { "name": { "family": "Veilleux", "given": "Sylvain" } }, { "name": { "family": "Vieira", "given": "Joaquin" } } ] }, "title": "Simultaneous Measurements of Star Formation and Supermassive Black Hole Growth in Galaxies", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.05110.pdf

", "abstract": "Galaxies grow their supermassive black holes in concert with their stars, although the relationship between these major galactic components is poorly understood. Observations of the cosmic growth of stars and black holes in galaxies suffer from disjoint samples and the strong effects of dust attenuation. The thermal infrared holds incredible potential for simultaneously measuring both the star formation and black hole accretion rates in large samples of galaxies covering a wide range of physical conditions. Spitzer demonstrated this potential at low redshift, and by observing some of the most luminous galaxies at z~2. JWST will apply these methods to normal galaxies at these epochs, but will not be able to generate large spectroscopic samples or access the thermal infrared at high-redshift. An order of magnitude gap in our wavelength coverage will persist between JWST and ALMA. A large, cold infrared telescope can fill this gap to determine when (in cosmic time), and where (within the cosmic web), stars and black holes co-evolve, by measuring these processes simultaneously in statistically complete and unbiased samples of galaxies to z>8. A next-generation radio interferometer will have the resolution and sensitivity to measure star-formation and nuclear accretion in even the dustiest galaxies. Together, the thermal infrared and radio can uniquely determine how stars and supermassive blackholes co-evolve in galaxies over cosmic time.", "date": "2019-03-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-083044401", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-083044401", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05110", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05110.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wwqa0-56508/files/1903.05110.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Pope, Alexandra; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n46n7-5jt46", "eprint_id": 100327, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:51:46", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:14:44", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hu-Renyu", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "Renyu" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2215-8485" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Brain", "given": "David" } }, { "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Pin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Damiano", "given": "Mario" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dawson", "given": "Rebekah" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9677-1296" }, { "name": { "family": "Friedson", "given": "A. James" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hasagawa", "given": "Yasuhiro" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Robert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kataria", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3759-9080" }, { "name": { "family": "Kidd", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kite", "given": "Edwin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1426-1186" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "name": { "family": "Lyra", "given": "Wladimir" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3768-7542" }, { "name": { "family": "Mischna", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8022-5319" }, { "name": { "family": "Planavsky", "given": "Noah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Reinhard", "given": "Chris" } }, { "name": { "family": "Schlichting", "given": "Hilke" } }, { "name": { "family": "Seager", "given": "Sara" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6892-6948" }, { "name": { "family": "Sotin", "given": "Christophe" } }, { "name": { "family": "Swain", "given": "Mark" } }, { "name": { "family": "Turner", "given": "Neal" } }, { "name": { "family": "West", "given": "Robert" } }, { "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Yuk" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4263-2562" }, { "name": { "family": "Zellem", "given": "Robert" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7547-0398" } ] }, "title": "The Super-Earth Opportunity - Search for Habitable Exoplanets in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\n

Submitted - 1903.05258.pdf

", "abstract": "The recent discovery of a staggering diversity of planets beyond the Solar System has brought with it a greatly expanded search space for habitable worlds. The Kepler exoplanet survey has revealed that most planets in our interstellar neighborhood are larger than Earth and smaller than Neptune. Collectively termed super-Earths and mini-Neptunes, some of these planets may have the conditions to support liquid water oceans, and thus Earth-like biology, despite differing in many ways from our own planet. In addition to their quantitative abundance, super-Earths are relatively large and are thus more easily detected than true Earth twins. As a result, super-Earths represent a uniquely powerful opportunity to discover and explore a panoply of fascinating and potentially habitable planets in 2020 - 2030 and beyond.", "date": "2019-03-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-104655016", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-104655016", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05258", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05258.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n46n7-5jt46/files/1903.05258.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Hu, Renyu; Beichman, Charles A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fdmye-90n61", "eprint_id": 99002, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:50:24", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 21:03:00", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Shen-Yue", "name": { "family": "Shen", "given": "Yue" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1659-7035" }, { "id": "Graham-M-J", "name": { "family": "Graham", "given": "Matthew" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3168-0139" }, { "id": "Jencson-J-E", "name": { "family": "Jencson", "given": "Jacob" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5754-4007" }, { "id": "Kasliwal-M-M", "name": { "family": "Kasliwal", "given": "Mansi" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5619-4938" }, { "id": "Prakash-Abhishek", "name": { "family": "Prakash", "given": "Abhishek" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4451-4444" } ] }, "title": "Mapping the Inner Structure of Quasars with Time-Domain Spectroscopy", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.04533.pdf

", "abstract": "The ubiquitous variability of quasars across a wide range of wavelengths and timescales encodes critical information about the structure and dynamics of the circumnuclear emitting regions that are too small to be directly resolved, as well as detailed underlying physics of accretion and feedback processes in these active supermassive black holes. We emphasize the importance of studying quasar variability with time-domain spectroscopy, focusing on two science cases: (1) reverberation mapping (RM) to measure the broad-line region sizes and black hole masses in distant quasars; (2) spectroscopic follow-up of extreme variability quasars that dramatically change their continuum and broad-line flux within several years. We highlight the need for dedicated optical-infrared spectroscopic survey facilities in the coming decades to accompany wide-area time-domain imaging surveys, including: (1) the next phase of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V; ~2020-2025), an all-sky, time-domain multi-object spectroscopic survey with 2.5m-class telescopes; (2) the planned Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer, a dedicated 10m-class spectroscopic survey telescope with a 1.5 deg^2 field-of-view and multiplex of thousands of fibers in both optical and near-IR (J+H) to begin operations in 2029; (3) the Time-domain Spectroscopic Observatory (TSO), a proposed Probe-class ~1.3m telescope at L2, with imaging and spectroscopy (R=200, 1800) in 4 bands (0.3 - 5 micron) and rapid slew capability to 90% of sky, which will extend the coverage of H\u03b2 to z=8.", "date": "2019-03-11", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-075340043", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-075340043", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.04533", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.04533.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fdmye-90n61/files/1903.04533.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Shen, Yue; Graham, Matthew; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nb0vx-m2z70", "eprint_id": 96555, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:49:53", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:28:05", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Johnson-M-C", "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Marshall C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5099-8185" }, { "id": "Zhou-George", "name": { "family": "Zhou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4891-3517" }, { "id": "Addison-B-C", "name": { "family": "Addison", "given": "Brett C." } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Dragomir-D", "name": { "family": "Dragomir", "given": "Diana" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2313-467X" }, { "id": "Hasegawa-Yasuhiro", "name": { "family": "Hasegawa", "given": "Yasuhiro" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9017-3663" }, { "id": "Lee-Eve-J", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Eve J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1228-9820" }, { "id": "Wang-Songhu", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Songhu" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7846-6981" }, { "id": "Weiss-L-M", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Lauren" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058" } ] }, "title": "Tracing the Origins and Evolution of Small Planets using Their Orbital Obliquities", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.04482.pdf

", "abstract": "We recommend an intensive effort to survey and understand the obliquity distribution of small close-in extrasolar planets over the coming decade. The orbital obliquities of exoplanets--i.e., the relative orientation between the planetary orbit and the stellar rotation--is a key tracer of how planets form and migrate. While the orbital obliquities of smaller planets are poorly explored today, a new generation of facilities coming online over the next decade will make such observations possible en masse. Transit spectroscopic observations with the extremely large telescopes will enable us to measure the orbital obliquities of planets as small as \u223c2R\u2295 around a wide variety of stars, opening a window into the orbital properties of the most common types of planets. This effort will directly contribute to understanding the formation and evolution of planetary systems, a key objective of the National Academy of Sciences' Exoplanet Science Strategies report.", "date": "2019-03-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-102323422", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-102323422", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.04482", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.04482.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nb0vx-m2z70/files/1903.04482.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Johnson, Marshall C.; Zhou, George; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v39tv-t2x58", "eprint_id": 98497, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:50:02", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:59:08", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Foley-R-J", "name": { "family": "Foley", "given": "Ryan J." } }, { "id": "Andreoni-I", "name": { "family": "Andreoni", "given": "I." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8977-1498" }, { "id": "Cook-D-O", "name": { "family": "Cook", "given": "D. O." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6877-7655" }, { "id": "Coughlin-M-W", "name": { "family": "Coughlin", "given": "M. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8262-2924" }, { "id": "McIver-J-W", "name": { "family": "McIver", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Mooley-Kunal-Prakash", "name": { "family": "Mooley", "given": "K." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2557-5180" } ] }, "title": "Gravity and Light: Combining Gravitational Wave and Electromagnetic Observations in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted to Astro2020.\n\n

Submitted - 1903.04553.pdf

", "abstract": "As of today, we have directly detected exactly one source in both gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation, the binary neutron star merger GW170817, its associated gamma-ray burst GRB170817A, and the subsequent kilonova SSS17a/AT 2017gfo. Within ten years, we will detect hundreds of events, including new classes of events such as neutron-star-black-hole mergers, core-collapse supernovae, and almost certainly something completely unexpected. As we build this sample, we will explore exotic astrophysical topics ranging from nucleosynthesis, stellar evolution, general relativity, high-energy astrophysics, nuclear matter, to cosmology. The discovery potential is extraordinary, and investments in this area will yield major scientific breakthroughs. Here we outline some of the most exciting scientific questions that can be answered by combining GW and EM observations.", "date": "2019-03-11", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-150600549", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190906-150600549", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.04553", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.04553.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v39tv-t2x58/files/1903.04553.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Foley, Ryan J.; Andreoni, I.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xt7h-pvp37", "eprint_id": 98987, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:48:00", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 22:36:14", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Appleton-P-N", "name": { "family": "Appleton", "given": "Phil" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7607-8766" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "Jamie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" } ] }, "title": "Cosmic Dawn and Reionization: Astrophysics in the Final Frontier", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1903.03629.pdf

", "abstract": "The cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization mark the time period in the universe when stars, galaxies, and blackhole seeds first formed and the intergalactic medium changed from neutral to an ionized one. Despite substantial progress with multi-wavelength observations, astrophysical process during this time period remain some of the least understood with large uncertainties on our existing models of galaxy, blackhole, and structure formation. This white paper outlines the current state of knowledge and anticipated scientific outcomes with ground and space-based astronomical facilities in the 2020s. We then propose a number of scientific goals and objectives for new facilities in late 2020s to mid 2030s that will lead to definitive measurements of key astrophysical processes in the epoch of reionization and cosmic dawn.", "date": "2019-03-08", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-110421553", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-110421553", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.03629", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.03629.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xt7h-pvp37/files/1903.03629.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Cooray, Asantha; Appleton, Phil; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kt280-ph874", "eprint_id": 96746, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:53:45", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:58:39", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "Vanessa P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Balasubramanian-B", "name": { "family": "Balasubramanian", "given": "Bala" } }, { "id": "Berriman-G-B", "name": { "family": "Berriman", "given": "Bruce" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8388-534X" }, { "id": "Cady-E", "name": { "family": "Cady", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8789-2931" }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Crill-B-P", "name": { "family": "Crill", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518" }, { "id": "Demers-R", "name": { "family": "Demers", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Effinger-R-T", "name": { "family": "Effinger", "given": "Robert" } }, { "id": "Frerking-M-A", "name": { "family": "Frerking", "given": "Margaret" } }, { "id": "Gelino-D-M", "name": { "family": "Gelino", "given": "Dawn" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1274-2784" }, { "id": "Harding-L-K", "name": { "family": "Harding", "given": "Leon" } }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "id": "Kern-B-D", "name": { "family": "Kern", "given": "Brian" } }, { "id": "Krist-John-E", "name": { "family": "Krist", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Laine-S-J", "name": { "family": "Laine", "given": "Seppo" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1250-8314" }, { "id": "Lindensmith-C-A", "name": { "family": "Lindensmith", "given": "Chris" } }, { "id": "Lowrance-P-J", "name": { "family": "Lowrance", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8014-0270" }, { "id": "Prada-C-M", "name": { "family": "Prada", "given": "Camilo Mejia" } }, { "id": "Mennesson-B", "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "Moody-D-C", "name": { "family": "Moody", "given": "Dwight" } }, { "id": "Morrissey-P", "name": { "family": "Morrissey", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8177-1023" }, { "id": "Moustakas-L-A", "name": { "family": "Moustakas", "given": "Leonidas" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3030-2360" }, { "id": "Noecker-C", "name": { "family": "Noecker", "given": "Charley" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1417-2383" }, { "id": "Paladini-Roberta", "name": { "family": "Paladini", "given": "Roberta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5158-243X" }, { "id": "Poberezhskiy-I", "name": { "family": "Poberezhskiy", "given": "Ilya" } }, { "id": "Ram\u00edrez-S-V", "name": { "family": "Ram\u00edrez", "given": "Solange" } }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" }, { "id": "Riggs-A-J-E", "name": { "family": "Riggs", "given": "A. J. E." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0863-6228" }, { "id": "Seo-Byoung-Joon", "name": { "family": "Seo", "given": "Byoung-Joon" } }, { "id": "Shaklan-S-B", "name": { "family": "Shaklan", "given": "Stuart" } }, { "id": "Shi-Fang", "name": { "family": "Shi", "given": "Fang" } }, { "id": "Stapelfeldt-K-R", "name": { "family": "Stapelfeldt", "given": "Karl" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2805-7338" }, { "id": "Tang-Hong", "name": { "family": "Tang", "given": "Hong" } }, { "id": "Trauger-J-T", "name": { "family": "Trauger", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Ygouf-M", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" }, { "id": "Zhao-Feng", "name": { "family": "Zhao", "given": "Feng" } }, { "id": "Zhou-Hanying", "name": { "family": "Zhou", "given": "Hanying" } } ] }, "title": "Key Technologies for the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope Coronagraph Instrument", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2018 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged. The work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The decision to implement the WFIRST mission will not be finalized until NASA's completion of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. This document is being made available for information purposes only. \n\nThis whitepaper was submitted to the Exoplanet Science Strategy call in March 2018 and is presented here without modification. An updated version of Fig. 2 and associated detailed description can be found in ref (21).\n\n

Submitted - 1901.04050.pdf

", "abstract": "The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) is a high-contrast imager and integral field spectrograph that will enable the study of exoplanets and circumstellar disks at visible wavelengths. Ground-based high-contrast instrumentation has fundamentally limited performance at small working angles, even under optimistic assumptions for 30m-class telescopes. There is a strong scientific driver for better performance, particularly at visible wavelengths. Future flagship mission concepts aim to image Earth analogues with visible light flux ratios of more than 10^10. CGI is a critical intermediate step toward that goal, with a predicted 10^8-9 flux ratio capability in the visible. CGI achieves this through improvements over current ground and space systems in several areas: (i) Hardware: space-qualified (TRL9) deformable mirrors, detectors, and coronagraphs, (ii) Algorithms: wavefront sensing and control; post-processing of integral field spectrograph, polarimetric, and extended object data, and (iii) Validation of telescope and instrument models at high accuracy and precision. This white paper, submitted to the 2018 NAS Exoplanet Science Strategy call, describes the status of key CGI technologies and presents ways in which performance is likely to evolve as the CGI design matures.", "date": "2019-01-13", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-141746696", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-141746696", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1901.04050", "primary_object": { "basename": "1901.04050.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kt280-ph874/files/1901.04050.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bailey, Vanessa P.; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nyyqf-r7918", "eprint_id": 97499, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:15:48", "lastmod": "2026-04-01 02:23:19", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Laine-S-J", "name": { "family": "Laine", "given": "Seppo" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1250-8314" }, { "id": "Mart\u00ednez-Delgado-D", "name": { "family": "Mart\u00ednez-Delgado", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3835-2231" }, { "id": "Trujillo-Ignacio", "name": { "family": "Trujillo", "given": "Ignacio" } }, { "id": "Duc-P-A", "name": { "family": "Duc", "given": "Pierre-Alain" } }, { "id": "Grillmair-C-J", "name": { "family": "Grillmair", "given": "Carl J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4072-169X" }, { "id": "Frenk-C-S", "name": { "family": "Frenk", "given": "Carlos S." } }, { "id": "Hendel-D", "name": { "family": "Hendel", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7939-7607" }, { "id": "Johnston-K-V", "name": { "family": "Johnston", "given": "Kathryn V." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6244-6727" }, { "id": "Mihos-J-C", "name": { "family": "Mihos", "given": "J. Chris" } }, { "id": "Moustakas-J", "name": { "family": "Moustakas", "given": "John" } }, { "id": "Beaton-R-L", "name": { "family": "Beaton", "given": "Rachael L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1691-8217" }, { "id": "Romanowsky-A-J", "name": { "family": "Romanowsky", "given": "Aaron J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2473-0369" }, { "id": "Greco-J-P", "name": { "family": "Greco", "given": "Johnny" } }, { "id": "Erkal-D", "name": { "family": "Erkal", "given": "Denis" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8448-5505" } ] }, "title": "LSST Cadence Optimization White Paper in Support of Observations of Unresolved Tidal Stellar Streams in Galaxies beyond the Local Group", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1812.04897.pdf

", "abstract": "Deep observations of faint surface brightness stellar tidal streams in external galaxies with LSST are addressed in this White Paper contribution. We propose using the Wide--Fast--Deep survey that contains several nearby galaxies (at distances where the stars themselves are not resolved, i.e., beyond 20 Mpc). In the context of hierarchical galaxy formation, it is necessary to understand the prevalence and properties of tidal substructure around external galaxies based on integrated (i.e., unresolved) diffuse light. This requires collecting observations on much larger samples of galaxies than the Milky Way and M31. We will compare the observed structures to the predictions of cosmological models of galactic halo formation that inform us about the number and properties of streams around Milky Way-like galaxies. The insight gained from these comparisons will allow us to infer the properties of stream progenitors (masses, dynamics, metallicities, stellar populations). The changes in the host galaxies caused by the interactions with the dissolving companion galaxies will be another focus of our studies. We conclude by discussing synergies with WFIRST and Euclid, and also provide concrete suggestions for how the effects of scattered light could be minimized in LSST images to optimize the search for low surface brightness features, such as faint unresolved stellar tidal streams.", "date": "2018-12-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190729-160205785", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190729-160205785", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1812.04897", "primary_object": { "basename": "1812.04897.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nyyqf-r7918/files/1812.04897.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Laine, Seppo; Mart\u00ednez-Delgado, David; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/70ksa-c7e09", "eprint_id": 97869, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:52:58", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:59:04", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Foley-R-J", "name": { "family": "Foley", "given": "R. J." } }, { "id": "Koekemoer-A-M", "name": { "family": "Koekemoer", "given": "A. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6610-2048" }, { "id": "Spergel-D-N", "name": { "family": "Spergel", "given": "D. N." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5151-0006" }, { "id": "Bianco-F-B", "name": { "family": "Bianco", "given": "F. B." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1953-8727" }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "P." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Dai-L", "name": { "family": "Dai", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "O." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "id": "Fazio-G-G", "name": { "family": "Fazio", "given": "G. G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0670-0708" }, { "id": "Ferguson-H-C", "name": { "family": "Ferguson", "given": "H." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7113-2738" }, { "id": "Filippenko-A-V", "name": { "family": "Filippenko", "given": "A. V." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3460-0103" }, { "id": "Frye-Brenda-L", "name": { "family": "Frye", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Galbany-L", "name": { "family": "Galbany", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1296-6887" }, { "id": "Gawiser-E", "name": { "family": "Gawiser", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Gronwall-C", "name": { "family": "Gronwall", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Hathi-N-P", "name": { "family": "Hathi", "given": "N. P." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6145-5090" }, { "id": "Hirata-C-M", "name": { "family": "Hirata", "given": "C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2951-4932" }, { "id": "Hounsell-R-A", "name": { "family": "Hounsell", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Jha-S-W", "name": { "family": "Jha", "given": "S. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8738-6011" }, { "id": "Kim-Alex-G", "name": { "family": "Kim", "given": "A. G." } }, { "id": "Kelly-P-L", "name": { "family": "Kelly", "given": "P. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3142-997X" }, { "id": "Kruk-J-W", "name": { "family": "Kruk", "given": "J. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5861-7236" }, { "id": "Malhotra-S", "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9226-5350" }, { "id": "Mandel-K-S", "name": { "family": "Mandel", "given": "K. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9846-4417" }, { "id": "Margutti-R", "name": { "family": "Margutti", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4768-7586" }, { "id": "Marrone-D-P", "name": { "family": "Marrone", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2367-1080" }, { "id": "McQuinn-K-B-W", "name": { "family": "McQuinn", "given": "K. B. W." } }, { "id": "Melchior-P", "name": { "family": "Melchior", "given": "P." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8873-5065" }, { "id": "Moustakas-L-A", "name": { "family": "Moustakas", "given": "L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3030-2360" }, { "id": "Newman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "J. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8684-2222" }, { "id": "Peek-J-E-G", "name": { "family": "Peek", "given": "J. E. G." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4797-7030" }, { "id": "Perlmutter-S", "name": { "family": "Perlmutter", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "J. D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" }, { "id": "Robertson-B-E", "name": { "family": "Robertson", "given": "B." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4271-0364" }, { "id": "Rubin-D-M", "name": { "family": "Rubin", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Scolnic-D", "name": { "family": "Scolnic", "given": "D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4934-5849" }, { "id": "Somerville-R-S", "name": { "family": "Somerville", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Street-R-A", "name": { "family": "Street", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6279-0552" }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Y." } }, { "id": "Whalen-D-J", "name": { "family": "Whalen", "given": "D. J." } }, { "id": "Windhorst-R-A", "name": { "family": "Windhorst", "given": "R. A." } }, { "id": "Wollack-E-J", "name": { "family": "Wollack", "given": "E. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7567-4451" } ] }, "title": "LSST Observing Strategy White Paper: LSST Observations of WFIRST Deep Fields", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1812.00514.pdf

", "abstract": "The Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) is expected to launch in the mid-2020s. With its wide-field near-infrared (NIR) camera, it will survey the sky to unprecedented detail. As part of normal operations and as the result of multiple expected dedicated surveys, WFIRST will produce several relatively wide-field (tens of square degrees) deep (limiting magnitude of 28 or fainter) fields. In particular, a planned supernova survey is expected to image 3 deep fields in the LSST footprint roughly every 5 days over 2 years. Stacking all data, this survey will produce, over all WFIRST supernova fields in the LSST footprint, ~12-25 deg^2 and ~5-15 deg^2 regions to depths of ~28 mag and ~29 mag, respectively. We suggest LSST undertake mini-surveys that will match the WFIRST cadence and simultaneously observe the supernova survey fields during the 2-year WFIRST supernova survey, achieving a stacked depth similar to that of the WFIRST data. We also suggest additional observations of these same regions throughout the LSST survey to get deep images earlier, have long-term monitoring in the fields, and produce deeper images overall. These fields will provide a legacy for cosmology, extragalactic, and transient/variable science.", "date": "2018-11-30", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190814-080308839", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190814-080308839", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "WFIRST Deep Field Working Group", "WFIRST Science Investigation Team Members" ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1812.00514", "primary_object": { "basename": "1812.00514.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/70ksa-c7e09/files/1812.00514.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Foley, R. J.; Koekemoer, A. M.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gx4hm-c8c73", "eprint_id": 95333, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:41:44", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 22:07:35", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pontoppidan-K-M", "name": { "family": "Pontoppidan", "given": "Klaus M." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7552-1562" }, { "id": "Bergin-E-A", "name": { "family": "Bergin", "given": "Edwin A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4179-6394" }, { "id": "Melnick-G-J", "name": { "family": "Melnick", "given": "Gary" } }, { "id": "Bradford-M-C", "name": { "family": "Bradford", "given": "Matt" } }, { "id": "Staguhn-J-G", "name": { "family": "Staguhn", "given": "Johannes G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8437-0433" }, { "id": "Leisawitz-D-T", "name": { "family": "Leisawitz", "given": "David T." } }, { "id": "Meixner-M", "name": { "family": "Meixner", "given": "Margaret" } }, { "id": "Fortney-J-J", "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "Jonathan J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9843-4354" }, { "id": "Salyk-C", "name": { "family": "Salyk", "given": "Colette" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3682-6632" }, { "id": "Blake-G-A", "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "Geoffrey A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610" }, { "id": "Zhang-Ke", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Ke" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0661-7517" }, { "id": "Banzatti-A", "name": { "family": "Banzatti", "given": "Andrea" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4335-0900" }, { "id": "Kataria-T", "name": { "family": "Kataria", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3759-9080" }, { "id": "Meshkat-T", "name": { "family": "Meshkat", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467" }, { "id": "de-Val-Borro-M", "name": { "family": "de Val-Borro", "given": "Miguel" } }, { "id": "Stevenson-K-B", "name": { "family": "Stevenson", "given": "Kevin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7352-7941" }, { "id": "Fraine-J-D", "name": { "family": "Fraine", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0910-5805" } ] }, "title": "The need for a far-infrared cold space telescope to understand the chemistry of planet formation", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1804.00743.pdf

", "abstract": "At a time when ALMA produces spectacular high resolution images of gas and dust in circumstellar disks, the next observational frontier in our understanding of planet formation and the chemistry of planet-forming material may be found in the mid- to far-infrared wavelength range. A large, actively cooled far-infrared telescope in space will offer enormous spectroscopic sensitivity improvements of 3-4 orders of magnitude, making it possible to uniquely survey certain fundamental properties of planet formation. Specifically, the Origins Space Telescope (OST), a NASA flagship concept to be submitted to the 2020 decadal survey, will provide a platform that allows complete surveys of warm and cold water around young stars of all masses and across all evolutionary stages, and to measure their total planet-forming gas mass using the ground-state line of HD. While this white paper is formulated in the context of the NASA Origins Space Telescope concept, it can be applied in general to inform any future space-based, cold far-infrared observatory.", "date": "2018-04-02", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190508-080457617", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190508-080457617", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1804.00743", "primary_object": { "basename": "1804.00743.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gx4hm-c8c73/files/1804.00743.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Pontoppidan, Klaus M.; Bergin, Edwin A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/py1ws-pat21", "eprint_id": 92465, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:25:03", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 21:28:37", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yee-Jennifer-C", "name": { "family": "Yee", "given": "Jennifer C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9481-7123" }, { "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "Jay" } }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "name": { "family": "Bachelet", "given": "Etienne" } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Bellini", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "David" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bhattacharya", "given": "Aparna" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bozza", "given": "Valerio" } }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "name": { "family": "Clarkson", "given": "Will" } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "name": { "family": "Gould", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" }, { "name": { "family": "Jacklin", "given": "Savannah R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Khakpash", "given": "Somayeh" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mao", "given": "Shude" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" } }, { "name": { "family": "Nataf", "given": "David M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Penny", "given": "Matthew" } }, { "name": { "family": "Pepper", "given": "Joshua" } }, { "name": { "family": "Poleski", "given": "Radek" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ranc", "given": "Clement" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sahu", "given": "Kailash" } }, { "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Y." } }, { "name": { "family": "Street", "given": "R. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sumi", "given": "Takahiro" } }, { "name": { "family": "Suzuki", "given": "Daisuke" } } ] }, "title": "White Paper: Exoplanetary Microlensing from the Ground in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "

Submitted - 1803.07921.pdf

", "abstract": "Microlensing can access planet populations that no other method can probe: cold wide-orbit planets beyond the snow line, planets in both the Galactic bulge and disk, and free floating planets (FFPs). The demographics of each population will provide unique constraints on planet formation. \n\nOver the past 5 years, U.S. microlensing campaigns with Spitzer and UKIRT have provided a powerful complement to international ground-based microlensing surveys, with major breakthroughs in parallax measurements and probing new regions of the Galaxy. The scientific vitality of these projects has also promoted the development of the U.S. microlensing community. \n\nIn the 2020s, the U.S. can continue to play a major role in ground-based microlensing by leveraging U.S. assets to complement ongoing ground-based international surveys. LSST and UKIRT microlensing surveys would probe vast regions of the Galaxy, where planets form under drastically different conditions. Moreover, while ground-based surveys will measure the planet mass-ratio function beyond the snow line, adaptive optics (AO) observations with ELTs would turn all of these mass ratios into masses and also distinguish between very wide-orbit planets and genuine FFPs. To the extent possible, cooperation of U.S. scientists with international surveys should also be encouraged and supported.", "date": "2018-03-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190124-122627925", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190124-122627925", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA Postdoctoral Program" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1803.07921", "primary_object": { "basename": "1803.07921.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/py1ws-pat21/files/1803.07921.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Yee, Jennifer C.; Anderson, Jay; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q9dw0-a8838", "eprint_id": 92500, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:18:16", "lastmod": "2025-02-02 20:56:55", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Beichman-Charles-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Ciardi-David-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Ygouf-Marie", "name": { "family": "Ygouf", "given": "Marie" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731" }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" } ] }, "title": "A White Paper Submitted to The National Academy of Science's Committee on Exoplanet Science Strategy: Observing Exoplanets with the James Webb Space Telescope", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Some of the research described in this publication was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2018 California Inst of Technology. All rights reserved.\n\n

Submitted - 1803.03730.pdf

", "abstract": "The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize our understanding of exoplanets with transit spectroscopy of a wide range of mature planets close to their host stars (<2 AU) and with coronagraphic imaging and spectroscopy of young objects located further out (>10 AU). The census of exoplanets has revealed an enormous variety of planets orbiting stars of all ages and spectral types. With TESS adding to this census with its all-sky survey of the closest, brightest stars, the challenge of the coming decade will be to move from demography to physical characterization. This white paper discusses the wide variety of exoplanet opportunities enabled by JWST's sensitivity and stability, its high angular resolution, and its suite of powerful instruments. JWST observations will advance our understanding of the atmospheres of young to mature planets and will provide new insights into planet formation.", "date": "2018-03-10", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190128-150503656", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190128-150503656", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1803.03730", "primary_object": { "basename": "1803.03730.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q9dw0-a8838/files/1803.03730.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Beichman, Charles A.; Ciardi, David; et al." } ]