[ { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rqegj-k2w04", "eprint_id": 62065, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:00:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:49:30", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bohn-M-S", "name": { "family": "Bohn", "given": "Mark S." } } ] }, "title": "Noise Produced by the Interaction of Acoustic Waves and Entropy Waves with High-Speed Nozzle Flows", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Supported through grant number DOT-OS-40057 U. S. Department of Transportation Office of Noise Abatement.\n\n
Submitted - Noise_Produced_by_the_Interaction_of_Acoustic_Waves....pdf
", "abstract": "Some aspects of the noise generated internally by a turbojet\nengine are considered analytically and experimentally. The emphasis is placed on the interaction of pressure fluctuations and entropy fluctuations,\nproduced by the combustion process in the engine, with\ngradients in the mean flow through the turbine blades or the exhaust nozzle. The results are directly applicable to the problem of excess noise in aircraft powerplants and suggest that the phenomenon described is the dominant mechanism.\n\nThe one-dimensional interaction of pressure fluctuations and\nentropy fluctuations with a subsonic nozzle is solved analytically. The acoustic waves produced by each of three independent disturbances are investigated. These disturbances, which interact with the nozzle\nto augment the acoustic radiation, are (i) pressure waves incident from upstream, (ii) pressure waves incident from downstream, and (iii) entropy waves convected with the stream. It is found that results for a large number of physically interesting nozzles may be presented\nin a concise manner.\n\nSome of the second-order effects which result from the area\nvariations in a nozzle are investigated analytically. The interaction of an entropy wave with a small area variation is investigated and the two-dimensional duct modes, which propagate away from the nozzle, are calculated.\n\nAn experiment is described in which one-dimensional acoustic\nwaves and entropy waves are made to interact with a subsonic nozzle. The response of the nozzle to these disturbances is measured and compared with the response as calculated by the analytical model. \n\nThe interaction of two-dimensional entropy waves with a subsonic nozzle and with a supersonic nozzle is investigated experimentally.\nThe results are explained in terms of an analysis of the acoustic waves and entropy waves produced by a region of arbitrary heat addition in a duct with flow.", "date": "2015-11-18", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-164208663", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-164208663", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of Transportation", "grant_number": "DOT-OS-40057" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Noise_Produced_by_the_Interaction_of_Acoustic_Waves....pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rqegj-k2w04/files/Noise_Produced_by_the_Interaction_of_Acoustic_Waves....pdf" }, "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Bohn, Mark S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/chdg8-nf496", "eprint_id": 62058, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:22:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:49:12", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Symington-W-A", "name": { "family": "Symington", "given": "William A." } } ] }, "title": "Analytical Studies of Steady and Non-Steady Motions of a Bubbly Liquid", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Supported through Contract Number EX-76-G-03-1305 U.S. Department of Energy.\n\nSubmitted - Analytical_Studies_of_Steady_and_Non-Steady_Motions_of_a_Bubbly_Liquid.pdf
", "abstract": "A consistent set of continuum-like equations which describe,\nunder certain limitations, the flow of bubbly gas-liquid mixtures is applied in the solution of a few problems that bear on technological issues of nuclear reactor safety. The solutions of these problems illustrate the significance of the ratio between the viscous relaxation time of the bubbles and the characteristic time of the flow,\nin scaling experimental results.\n\nThe choked flow of a bubbly mixture through a contraction in\na one-dimensional duct is treated. It is found that in many cases the ratio of the contraction residence time to the viscous relaxation time is small, indicating the motion of the bubbles will be dictated largely by the dynamic forces on them. The one-dimensional equations are solved approximately for small values of this ratio.\n\nA rudimentary experiment on choked bubbly flow through a\ncontraction was conducted using a contraction with gradual changes in area, making the experimental situation amenable to a one-dimensional analysis. Distributions of pressure and mass flow rates of liquid and gas were measured. The results compare favorably with theoretical calculations.\n\nThe rise through a liquid of a uniform cloud of bubbles is\nalso analyzed. Self-preserving wave solutions of the non-linear equations are found to exist and have the form of transitions between a region of high void fraction below and a region of lower void fraction above. These waves are unstable to small disturbances in response to which they will steepen, developing into clumps of bubbles above which are regions of low void fraction. The fact that the bubbles in these clumps may coalesce presents a mechanism for a change in flow regime from bubbly to some other, perhaps slug or annular flow. The effect of bubble-bubble interactions i.n impeding the formation of these\nclumps i.s speculated upon.\n\nFinally, the flow of a bubbly mixture over a wavy wall is\nanalyzed. The solution illustrates some of the important deviations from one-dimensional flow and shows the manner in which phase separation tends to make use of the strict one-dimensional flow assumption more limited than in single phase flow. The solution is incomplete in the sense that the effect of interactions between bubbles and solid boundaries is lacking.", "date": "2015-11-17", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-133341240", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-133341240", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "EX-76-G-03-1305" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Analytical_Studies_of_Steady_and_Non-Steady_Motions_of_a_Bubbly_Liquid.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/chdg8-nf496/files/Analytical_Studies_of_Steady_and_Non-Steady_Motions_of_a_Bubbly_Liquid.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Symington, William A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cz38v-1b837", "eprint_id": 62062, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:56:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:49:22", "type": "teaching_resource", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Lecture Notes on Applications of Jet Propulsion Power Plants", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "JP 220 1951-1952.\n\nSubmitted - JP_220.pdf
", "abstract": "[no abstract]", "date": "2015-11-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-143742969", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151111-143742969", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "JP_220.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cz38v-1b837/files/JP_220.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xvg8a-6x841", "eprint_id": 61998, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:19:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:08:03", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Oates-G-C", "name": { "family": "Oates", "given": "Gordon C." } } ] }, "title": "Theory of Throughflow in Axial Turbomachines with Variable Wall Geometry", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "AFOSR TN 59-680. Supported through Contract AF 49(638)-497 Office of Scientific Research Air Research and Development Command. Technical Note No. 1.\n\nSubmitted - AFOSR__TN__59-680.pdf
", "abstract": "The theory of three-dimensional flow in axial turbomachines was extended to include the effects of variable hub and tip radii such as occur in the entrance stages of conventional axial flow compressors. and, to a larger extent, in mixed flow compressors. The problem is simplified by assuming an infinite number of infinitely thin blades in\neach blade row, so that axially symmetric fluid motion results.\n\nThe effect of variable hub and tip radii of the annulus walls is investigated when the tangential velocities are small but arbitrary, and when they are large but of special form. The combined effect of heavily loaded inlet guide vanes and variable hub radius is also investigated\nfor the case in which the inlet guide vanes impart a motion\nvery nearly of the solid body type. The boundary conditions for the variable hub radius require linearization, thus restricting the magnitude of perturbation to be induced by the wall. Finally, the effect of\na loaded blade row placed behind the inlet guide vane is determined.\n\nThe local axial and tangential velocities induced by the variable wall radius were found to be of the same general magnitude as the velocities induced by a normal rotor or stator blade row. Although the forms of the solutions are somewhat complex for routine application\nin turbomachine design. a sufficiently simple approximate result is obtained for one case and it is indicated how the method of approximation may be extended.", "date": "2015-11-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151109-120157425", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151109-120157425", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-497" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "AFOSR__TN__59-680.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xvg8a-6x841/files/AFOSR__TN__59-680.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Oates, Gordon C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q25d5-txb98", "eprint_id": 61921, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:06:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-25 16:04:01", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Katz-R", "name": { "family": "Katz", "given": "Robert" } } ] }, "title": "Performance of Axial Compressors with Asymmetric Inlet Flows", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Final Report. Supported through Contract AF 18(600)-178 Office of Scientific Research Air Research and Development Command. AFOSR TR-58-89 AD 162 112.\n\nSubmitted - AFOSR___TR-58-89.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental and analytical investigation was undertaken to determine the influence of asymmetric inlet flows on the performance of axial turbomachinery. \n\nOverall performance measurements and circumferential surveys\nof total pressures, velocities and flow angles were obtained in an axial compressor with inlet disturbances covering approximately 25% of the inlet annulus area. Three configurations were tested to find the principal effects in a single rotor, a complete stage and a multi-stage machine. A two-dimensional linearized theory was developed which includes the effect of losses and leaving angle deviations in the blade rows. The analysis may also be applied to propagating stall so that this theory allows a unified treatment of the two phenomena. \n\nIntroducing the inlet disturbances did not alter the two-dimensional character of the flow in the compressor. Considerable attenuation of the disturbances occurred through a single rotor and the disturbances were almost completely attenuated downstream of a three stage configuration. The mutual interference of the blade rows with small axial spacing was responsible for significant stator losses. The overall performance deteriorated primarily due to losses occurring in the blade rows. In the three configurations tested the inception of propagating stall, as based on the mean flow rate, was essentially unchanged. The theory qualitatively described the flow behavior and a simple application of the theory would give an estimate of the blade forces.", "date": "2015-11-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20151105-165306203", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151105-165306203", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 18(600)-178" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "AFOSR___TR-58-89.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q25d5-txb98/files/AFOSR___TR-58-89.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2015", "author_list": "Katz, Robert" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8w8d3-dfa04", "eprint_id": 22053, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:07:10", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:38:44", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate analysis and stability of pressure oscillations in ramjets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "A major part of the work at Caltech, Georgia Tech and the University of California, Berkeley, has been supported under the ONR Research Initiative on Pressure Oscillations\nin Ramjets, the remainder being supported by AFOSR (Caltech) and by the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory California State University, Sacramento).\n\nAccepted Version - 371_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper summarizes work accomplished chiefly during the past five years on analysis of stability related to recent experimental results on combustion instabilities in dump\ncombustors. The primary purpose is to provide the information in a form useful to those concerned with design and development of operational systems. Thus most substantial details are omitted and the material is presented in a qualitative fashion.", "date": "2011-06-30", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-112022288", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-112022288", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "371_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8w8d3-dfa04/files/371_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sgw69-9z495", "eprint_id": 22081, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:23:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:56", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Wright-F-H", "name": { "family": "Wright", "given": "F. H." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Flame spreading from bluff-body flameholders", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 290_Wright_FH.pdf
", "abstract": "Flame stabilization and flame spreading are two processes of paramount importance in the design of combustion chambers. Sufficient experimental work has been carried out to make clear the mechanism of stabilization; however understanding\nof the process of flame spreading in a duct is still imperfect. This is perhaps not surprising because, in technically interesting cases, the spreading is turbulent and the behavior of even the simplest turbulent flame is still controversial. Furthermore, studies that have been\nmade of flame spreading have been primarily directed at solving the practical problem of the determination of combustion efficiency rather than providing insight into the physical phenomena involved in the spreading process. The present investigation was undertaken to define the influence of certain chemical and fluid dynamic parameters on the spreading of a simple flame in a duct, with the view that the results would yield some understanding of the mechanism\nof flame spreading.", "date": "2011-06-30", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-141332872", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-141332872", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "290_Wright_FH.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sgw69-9z495/files/290_Wright_FH.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Wright, F. H. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cf8xh-ka847", "eprint_id": 22074, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:21:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:40", "type": "conference_item", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pinchak-A-C", "name": { "family": "Pinchak", "given": "A. C." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Gas phase and surface phenomena observed with a seeded plasma", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This work was performed under the auspices of\nthe U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research\nunder Contract No. AF 49(638)758.\n\nSubmitted - 146_Pinchak_AC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper describes and discusses some recent experiments conducted with low-temperature seeded plasmas. The plasma was obtained by mixing potassium vapor with arc-heated argon. The experiments indicated two modes of steady,\nstable current conduction between the electrodes. In the first mode, the effect of gas phase phenomena predominated in fixing the current. Under certain conditions, a transition to a second mode of operation occurred. In this mode, the current was found to be thermionically limited,\nand was determined solely by electrode surface effects.\nA comparison between the observed voltage current\ncharacteristics and two current conduction theories is presented. Analysis of electrode temperature data indicated that the chief heat transfer mechanism was the penetration of the surface work function barrier as electrons entered or left the surface.", "date": "2011-02-09", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-110426658", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-110426658", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF49(638)758" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "146_Pinchak_AC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cf8xh-ka847/files/146_Pinchak_AC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Pinchak, A. C. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ttgtb-edc96", "eprint_id": 22041, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:07:05", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:38:01", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Analysis of pressure oscillation in ramjets; review of research: 1983-1988", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This work was supported partly by the California Institute of Technology and by the Office of Naval Research, under Contract N00014-84-K-0434. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited\n\nSubmitted - 365_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper is a summary of work carried out during the past five years as part of an ONR/NAVAIR Research Initiative. The effort has been devoted to developments and applications of an approximate analysis intended to provide understanding of observed behavior and guidelines for design and development. Although most of the work has been carried out for longitudinal modes, quite extensive results have been obtained for transverse modes in a circular chamber, for both second and third order nonlinear gasdynamics. Especially important are the useful conclusions based on the simplified two-mode approximation. Preliminary results obtained for the influences of stochastic sources suggest that some of the observed behavior of the amplitudes of oscillations may be attributed to random inputs, such as flow separation and turbulence. Some important aspects of the problem of existence and stability of limit cycles in linearly stable systems (\"triggering\") remain unclear.", "date": "2011-02-08", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-095215895", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-095215895", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "365_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ttgtb-edc96/files/365_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xfad0-gft39", "eprint_id": 21727, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:27:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:16:36", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-T-A", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "T. A." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Gill-G", "name": { "family": "Gill", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Eckel-E-F", "name": { "family": "Eckel", "given": "E. F." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate theoretical performance evaluation for a diverging rocket", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960.\nReceived February 22, 1960.\n\nPublished - 111_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "A simplified combustion model, which is motivated by available performance studies on the diverging rocket reactor, has been used as basis for an engine performance\nevaluation. Comparison with conventional rocket configurations shows that an upper performance limit for the diverging reactor is comparable with performance\nestimates for engines using an adiabatic work cycle. Development of the diverging reactor for engine applications may, however, offer some advantages for very hot, high-energy, propellant systems.", "date": "2011-02-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-101905761", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-101905761", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "111_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xfad0-gft39/files/111_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2011", "author_list": "Jacobs, T. A.; Penner, S. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b6nm9-g4v69", "eprint_id": 20874, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:03:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:32:43", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "Albert" } }, { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "Winston" } }, { "id": "Palm-S", "name": { "family": "Palm", "given": "Steve" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Comparison of Chemiluminescence, OH PLIF, and NO PLIF for\n Determination of Flame Response to Acoustic Waves", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000, Conference organized by Hans Hornung. The authors thank the Los Angeles County Sanitation District, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the California Institute of Technology for their support of this work.\n\nPublished - 404_Ratner_A_2002.pdf
", "abstract": "Various techniques have been employed by investigators to measure the response of\nflames to unsteady changes, but there has been no systematic study of the relative\nbenefits and drawbacks of these competing techniques. The goal of this work is to\ncharacterize the performance of two different measurement techniques applied in three\nways and to examine the differing insights they offer for the response of a flame in a\nperiodic acoustic field. The burner configuration consists of a jet flame in a partial\nenclosure that stabilizes the flame approximately 8 cm above the jet exit. This burner is\ninstalled in an acoustic chamber that has actively-controlled, frequency-selectable,\nacoustic forcing. Flame response data for different frequencies obtained with\nchemiluminescence, OR PLIF, and NO PLIF measurement techniques is the basis for this\nwork. Analysis of the data shows the complexity of the measurement required to achieve\na given level of understanding of the flame's behavior. The usefulness of these\ntechniques in flame response measurements individually and taken in combination is\ndiscussed, with examples.", "date": "2010-11-18", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "GALCIT", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-080941990", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-080941990", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "404_Ratner_A_2002.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b6nm9-g4v69/files/404_Ratner_A_2002.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2010", "author_list": "Ratner, Albert; Pun, Winston; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3nrjx-28h10", "eprint_id": 18766, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:12:44", "lastmod": "2024-01-12 23:40:37", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Robison-W-C", "name": { "family": "Robison", "given": "William Clay" } } ] }, "title": "Ethylene monoxide as a monopropellants", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This letter is abstracted from a thesis submitted to the graduate school of the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June 1953. Details concerning the work described in this letter my be found in the thesis.\n\nSubmitted - 53_Robison_WC.pdf
", "abstract": "Thermodynamic calculations to determine the theoretical performance of ethylene oxide as a monopropellant have been carried out for various possible decomposition reactions.", "date": "2010-06-23", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-162318414", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-162318414", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "53_Robison_WC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3nrjx-28h10/files/53_Robison_WC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2010", "author_list": "Robison, William Clay" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x6py9-0gw83", "eprint_id": 18752, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:12:40", "lastmod": "2024-01-12 23:40:22", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Robison-W-C", "name": { "family": "Robison", "given": "William Clay" } } ] }, "title": "Experimental measurement of the heats of dissociation of hydrazine-water and hydrazine-methyl alcohol systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Supported in part by the Office of Ordnance Research under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-446. \n\nThis letter is abstracted from a thesis submitted to the graduate school of the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June 1953. Details concerning the work described in this letter may be found in the thesis. The author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner for helpful suggestions.\n\nPublished - 52_Robison_WC.pdf
", "abstract": "Altman and Adelman have studied the equilibrium between hydrazine and water in the vapor phase by following the pressure change in a constant-volume apparatus. They found the heat of dissociation of hydrazine hydrate to be 13.97 Kcal/mole. Their data on hydrazine hydrate have been checked within the limits of our experimental error. Furthermore, the heat of dissociation of N_2H_4\u2022CH_3OH has been found to be 8.6 \u00b1 0.3 Kcal/mole, using essentially the same experimental technique as Altman and Adelman.", "date": "2010-06-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20100621-124738906", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100621-124738906", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "52_Robison_WC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x6py9-0gw83/files/52_Robison_WC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2010", "author_list": "Robison, William Clay" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gdk3r-0s332", "eprint_id": 22067, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:54:05", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:16", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kang-D-M", "name": { "family": "Kang", "given": "D. M." } }, { "id": "Fernandez-V", "name": { "family": "Fernandez", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combined acetone PLIF and IR laser absorption probe measurements of fuel mixture fraction oscillations", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Conditionally accepted by Experiments in Fluids, 2006. This work was supported in part by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. F49620-03-1-0384 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager). The authors are grateful to the assistance of Carlos Pinedo for his help in the setting up of the experiments.\n\nSubmitted - Kang_DM_Combined_acetone_PLIF.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of the spatial dependence of fuel mixture fraction are made for a non-premixed jet flame in\na combustion chamber with imposed acoustic oscillations at frequencies of 22-55 Hz. As part of a set of\nstudies on combustion instabilities and the dynamical behavior of combustion systems, this work is\nintended to provide a basic understanding of the characteristics of mixing under imposed acoustic\noscillations. Infrared laser absorption and phase-resolved acetone PLIF are used to measure the fuel\nmixture fraction throughout the flow field. The degree of fuel/air mixing is then calculated from the\nmeasurements in terms of unmixedness factor, in both temporal and spatial respects. Results show that\nthe acoustic excitation causes oscillations in fuel/air mixing at the driving frequency, which results in\noscillatory flame behavior in the flame region. The unmixedness factors for the reacting flow cases\nexhibit greater overall magnitudes than the cold flow cases, which means that mixing becomes less\neffective in the presence of flame. Also the degree of mixing decreases with increasing frequency for\nreacting cases, while, for the cold flows, the mixing tends to be enhanced with frequency.", "date": "2006", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-092444615", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-092444615", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-03-1-0384" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Kang_DM_Combined_acetone_PLIF.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gdk3r-0s332/files/Kang_DM_Combined_acetone_PLIF.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2006", "author_list": "Kang, D. M.; Fernandez, V.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7zkp6-wyx81", "eprint_id": 21873, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:32:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:27:44", "type": "conference_item", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kang-D-M", "name": { "family": "Kang", "given": "Dal Mo" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "Abert" } } ] }, "title": "An experimental study of coupling between combustor pressure, fuel/air mixing, and the flame", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 This work was supported in part by the California\nInstitute of Technology and partly by the Air Force Office\nof Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. F49620-\n03-1-0384 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager).\nWe also acknowledge the assistance of Carlos Pinedo for\nthe experimental set-up.\n\nAccepted Version - Kang_DM_An_Experimental_study_of.pdf
", "abstract": "Fuel-air mixing behavior under the influence of imposed acoustic oscillations has been studied by investigating the response of the fuel mixture fraction field. The distribution of local fuel mixture fraction inside the mixing zone, which is expected to evolve into the local equivalence ratio in the flame zone, is closely coupled to unstable and oscillatory flame behavior. The Experiment was performed with an aerodynamically-stabilized non-premixed burner. In this study, acoustic oscillations were imposed at 22, 27, 32, 37, and 55Hz. Phase-resolved acetone PLIF was used to image the flow field of both isothermal and reacting flow cases and this data along with the derived quantities of temporal and spatial unmixedness were employed for analysis. The behavior of the unmixedness factor is compared with the previous measurements of oscillations in the flame zone. This comparison shows that local oscillations (of order millimeters or smaller) in fuel/air mixing are closely related to the oscillatory behavior of the flame. For each driving frequency, the mixture fraction oscillates at that frequency but with a slight phase difference between it and the pressure field/flame intensity, indicating that the fuel mixture fraction oscillation are likely the major reason for oscillatory behaviors of this category of flames and combustor geometry.", "date": "2005-03-22", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-074002108", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-074002108", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-03-1-0384" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Kang_DM_An_Experimental_study_of.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7zkp6-wyx81/files/Kang_DM_An_Experimental_study_of.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2005", "author_list": "Kang, Dal Mo; Culick, F. E. C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hef87-kjb93", "eprint_id": 22031, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:17:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ananthkrishnan-N", "name": { "family": "Ananthkrishnan", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Deo-S", "name": { "family": "Deo", "given": "Shardul" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Reduced-order modeling and dynamics of nonlinear acoustic waves in a combustion chamber", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2005 Taylor & Francis Inc. Received 18 November 2003; accepted 29 July 2004. This work was supported in part by the California Institute of Technology, partly by the\nCaltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under Grant No. N00014-95-1-\n1338 (Dr. Judah Goldwasser, Program Manager), partly by the Department of Energy\nAdvanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR) Program under Subcontract No. 98-02-\nSR072 (Dr. Larry Golan, Program Manager), and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch under Grant No. F49620-99-1-0118 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager).\n\nSubmitted - Ananthkrishnan_N_Reduced-Order_Modeling.pdf
", "abstract": "For understanding the fundamental properties of unsteady motions in combustion chambers, and for applications of active feedback control, reduced-order models occupy a uniquely important position. A framework exists for transforming the representation of general behavior by a set of infinite-dimensional partial differential equations to a finite set of nonlinear second-order ordinary\ndifferential equations in time. The procedure rests on an expansion of the pressure and velocity fields in modal or basis functions, followed by spatial averaging to give the set of second-order equations in time. Nonlinear gasdynamics\nis accounted for explicitly, but all other contributing processes require modeling. Reduced-order models of the global behavior of the chamber dynamics, most importantly of the pressure, are obtained simply by truncating the\nmodal expansion to the desired number of terms. Central to the procedures is a criterion for deciding how many modes must be retained to give accurate results. Addressing that problem is the principal purpose of this paper. Our\nanalysis shows that, in case of longitudinal modes, a first mode instability problem requires a minimum of four modes in the modal truncation whereas, for a second mode instability, one needs to retain at least the first eight modes. A second important problem concerns the conditions under which a linearly stable system becomes unstable to sufficiently large disturbances. Previous work has given a partial answer, suggesting that nonlinear gasdynamics alone cannot produce pulsed or 'triggered' true nonlinear instabilities; that suggestion is now theoretically established. Also, a certain form of the nonlinear energy\naddition by combustion processes is known to lead to stable limit cycles in a linearly stable system. A second form of nonlinear combustion dynamics with a new velocity coupling function that naturally displays a threshold character\nis shown here also to produce triggered limit cycle behavior.", "date": "2005-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "177", "number": "2", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "221-247", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-072124993", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-072124993", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR)", "grant_number": "98-02-SR072" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-99-1-0118" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102200590900219", "primary_object": { "basename": "Ananthkrishnan_N_Reduced-Order_Modeling.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hef87-kjb93/files/Ananthkrishnan_N_Reduced-Order_Modeling.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2005", "author_list": "Ananthkrishnan, N.; Deo, Shardul; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1hzs4-cbt75", "eprint_id": 22063, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:42:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:04", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kang-D-M", "name": { "family": "Kang", "given": "D. M." } }, { "id": "Pinedo-C", "name": { "family": "Pinedo", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Imaging of fuel mixture fraction oscillations in a driven system using acetone PLIF", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2004. This work was supported in part by the California\nInstitute of Technology and partly by the Air Force Office\nof Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. F49620-03-1-0384 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager).\n\nSubmitted - Kang_DM_Imaging_of_Fuel_Mixture.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of fuel mixture fraction are made for a jet flame in an acoustic chamber. Acoustic forcing creates a\nspatially-uniform, temporally-varying pressure field which results in oscillatory behavior in the flame . Forcing is at 22,27, 32, 37, and 55 Hz. To asses the oscillatory behavior, previous work included chemiluminescence, OH PUF, nitric oxide PUF imaging, and fuel mixture fraction measurements by infrared laser absorption. While these results illuminated what was happening to the flame chemistry, they did not provide a complete explanation as to why these things were happening. In this work, the fuel mixture fraction is measured through PUF of acetone, which is introduced into the fuel stream as a marker. This technique enables a high degree of spatial resolution of fuel/air mixture value. Both non-reacting and reacting cases were measured and comparisons are drawn with the results from the previous work. It is found that structure in the mixture fraction oscillations is a major contributor to the magnitude of the flame oscillations.", "date": "2004", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-083707180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-083707180", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-03-1-0384" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Kang_DM_Imaging_of_Fuel_Mixture.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1hzs4-cbt75/files/Kang_DM_Imaging_of_Fuel_Mixture.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2004", "author_list": "Kang, D. M.; Pinedo, C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yx2m5-b8f06", "eprint_id": 21075, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:37:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:44:31", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "K. I." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Limit-Cycle Properties of a Rijke Tube", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2003, received 24.05.2003, published 12.06.2003.\n\nPublished - Matveev_KI_Limit_Cycle_Properties_of_Rijke_Tube.pdf
", "abstract": "Thermoacoustic instability appears when unsteady heat release is favourably coupled with acoustic pressure perturbations. The important technical applications involving thermoacoustics are combustion instability in rocket motors and low-pollutant lean flames; noisy industrial burners; pulsed combustors; and thermoacoustic engines. The simplest device for studying thermoacoustic instability is a Rijke tube. In this work, a series of experiments is carried out to determine the nonlinear behavior of the transition to instability and the excited regimes for an electrically driven Rijke tube. A hysteresis effect in the stability boundary is observed. A mathematical theory involving heat transfer, acoustics, and thermoacoustic interactions is developed to predict the transition to instability and limit-cycle properties.", "date": "2003-12-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Electronic Journal Technical Acoustics", "volume": "12", "number": "12", "publisher": "East-European Acoustical Association (EEAA)", "pagerange": "1-13", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-144132487", "issn": "1819-2408", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-144132487", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Matveev_KI_Limit_Cycle_Properties_of_Rijke_Tube.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yx2m5-b8f06/files/Matveev_KI_Limit_Cycle_Properties_of_Rijke_Tube.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Matveev, K. I. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pzx59-1nh73", "eprint_id": 20884, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:45:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:33:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "K. I." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A study of the transition to instability in a Rijke tube\n with axial temperature gradient", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. \nReceived 16 January 2002; accepted 10 July 2002. ; Available online 8 April 2003. Mr. Dylan Hixon, formerly a graduate student at Caltech, designed and constructed the\noriginal version of the apparatus used in this work. The authors wish to thank Dr. Winston Pun\nand Mr. Steve Palm for the help with recent improvements of the apparatus, instrumentation, and\ndata processing. This work was supported in part by the California Institute of Technology, partly\nby the Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under Grant No. N00014-95-1-\n1338 (Dr. Judah Goldwasser, Program Manager), partly by the Department of Energy Advanced\nGas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR) Program under Subcontract No. 98-02-SR072 (Dr.\nDaniel Fant & Dr. Larry Golan, Program Managers), and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. F49620-99-1-0118 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager).", "abstract": "A horizontal Rijke tube with an electric heat source is a system convenient for studying the fundamental\nprinciples of thermoacoustic instabilities both experimentally and theoretically. Given the long history of\nthe device, there is a surprising lack of accurate data defining its behavior. In this work, the main system\nparameters are varied in a quasi-steady fashion in order to find stability boundaries accurately. The chief\npurposes of this study are to obtain precise values of the system parameters at the transition to instability\nwith specified uncertainties and to determine how well the experimental results can be explained with\nexisting theory. Measurement errors are reported, and the influence of experimental procedures on the\nresults is discussed. A form of hysteresis effect at stability boundaries has been observed. Mathematical\nmodelling is based on a thermal analysis determining the temperature of the heater and the temperature\nfield in the air inside the tube, which, consequently, affects acoustical mode shapes. Solutions of the\nlinearized wave equation for a non-uniform medium, including losses and a heat source term, determine\nthe stability properties of the eigen modes. Calculated results are compared with experimental data and\nwith results of the modelling based on the common assumption of a constant temperature in the tube. The\nmathematical model developed here can be applied to designing thermal devices with low Mach number\nflows, where thermoacoustic issue is a concern.", "date": "2003-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "264", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "689-706", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-102239874", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-102239874", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR)", "grant_number": "98-02-SR072" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-99-1-0118" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0022-460X(02)01217-8", "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Matveev, K. I. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ds7zq-f1520", "eprint_id": 20851, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:32:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:31:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "Konstantin I." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A model for combustion instability involving vortex shedding", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Combustion Instabilities; Vortex Shedding; Dynamical Systems", "note": "\u00a9 2003 Taylor & Francis Inc. Received 21 August 2002; accepted 20 January 2003.", "abstract": "Vigorous burning of vortices, formed behind flame stabilizers, can drive significant pressure oscillations inside premixed-type combustors. The goal of this work is to derive a reduced-order model for interaction among vortex shedding, chamber acoustics, and combustion process. A dump combustor is considered a general system configuration. Formation of vortices at the sudden expansion in a chamber is affected by the oscillatory flow. A new quasi-steady model is proposed for determining the moment of vortex separation. Vortex burning is assumed to be localized in space and time. A \"kicked\" oscillator model is utilized for deriving the appropriate dynamical system. The moment of burning and the corresponding vortex location are dependent on the chamber geometry, velocity field, and characteristic chemical and hydrodynamic times. If Rayleigh's criterion is satisfied, acoustic waves can develop in the chamber. Model and experimental results are compared for a chosen configuration. A study of model performance for a realistic system is carried out by variation of parameters where the mean flow velocity and the number of modes are treated as variables.", "date": "2003-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "175", "number": "6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "1059-1083", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101117-101453870", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101117-101453870", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102200390201622", "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Matveev, Konstantin I. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bq3qc-6pf60", "eprint_id": 21018, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:32:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:41:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "Konstantin" } } ] }, "title": "On the limiting parameters of artificial cavitation applied to reduce drag", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Cavitation; Ventilation; Drag reduction", "note": "\u00a9 2002, Elsevier. Submitted to Ocean Engineering, April 2002.\n\nSubmitted - Matveev_K_On_the_limiting_parameters.pdf
", "abstract": "Artificial cavitation, or ventilation, is produced by releasing gas into liquid flow. One objective of\ncreating such a multiphase flow is to reduce frictional and sometimes wave resistance of a marine vehicle\ncompletely or partially immersed in the water. In this paper, flows around surface ships moving along the\nwater-air boundary are considered. It is favorable to achieve a negative cavitation number in the developed\ncavitating flow under the vessel's bottom in order to generate additional lift. Cavities formed in the flow\nhave limiting parameters that are affected by propulsive and lifting devices. Methods for calculating these\ninfluences and results of a parametric study are reported.", "date": "2003-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Ocean Engineering", "volume": "30", "number": "9", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1179-1190", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101124-105231088", "issn": "0029-8018", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101124-105231088", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0029-8018(02)00103-8", "primary_object": { "basename": "Matveev_K_On_the_limiting_parameters.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bq3qc-6pf60/files/Matveev_K_On_the_limiting_parameters.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Matveev, Konstantin" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0vz83-2z634", "eprint_id": 20878, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:29:55", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:31", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Papachristodoulou-A-N", "name": { "family": "Papachristodoulou", "given": "A. N." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Flight Mechanics of the Wright Aircraft 1903-1912", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2003 by A. N. Papchristodoulou and F. E. C. Culick. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics with permission.\n\nPublished - AIAA-2003-0097_Papachristodoulou_AN.pdf
", "abstract": "Perhaps the most curious aspect of the Wright Brothers' program to invent and commercialize\nthe airplane is their decision in 1900 to use their novel canard configuration, and to persist\nwith that geometry until 1910 despite the known deficiency that the aircraft were unstable\nin pitch. The reasons for their initial choice are well-known. Several studies in the part\ntwenty years have proven beyond doubt that the Wrights did not intentionally make their\ncanards unstable. The pitch instability of their machine was an unwitting byproduct of their\ndesign chosen partly out of fear of the conventional design and partly (they reasoned) for more\npositive control. With their great emphasis on control, the Wrights were able to develop a\nsuccessful aircraft, albeit difficult to fly additionally because the 1903 aircraft also possessed\na fast spiral instability. A canard design is not necessarily unstable, but owing chiefly to\ntheir airfoil, and an unfortunate fore-and-aft mass distribution, the Wright canards were all\nunstable. Though easier to fly, their 1909 aircraft was more unstable than the famous 1903\nFlyer and the Brothers did not have a stable design until they finally adopted a conventional\naft horizontal tail in 1910. Successful control of the canard aircraft depended heavily on large\ndamping-in-pitch. The purpose of this paper is to apply modern analysis of flight mechanics to\ntrace the detailed flying characteristics of their powered aircraft from 1903 to 1910 when they\nfinally gave up the canard. Its a story in which technology, stubborness and commercialization\nare intimately mingled; we are concerned here only with the technology.", "date": "2003", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-085016796", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-085016796", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2003-0097", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "AIAA-2003-0097_Papachristodoulou_AN.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0vz83-2z634/files/AIAA-2003-0097_Papachristodoulou_AN.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2003", "author_list": "Papachristodoulou, A. N. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sgeg9-xzs20", "eprint_id": 20860, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:43:31", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:27", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "Albert" } }, { "id": "Palm-S-L", "name": { "family": "Palm", "given": "Steven L." } }, { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "Winston" } }, { "id": "Ramirez-B", "name": { "family": "Ramirez", "given": "Brenda" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Flame response to excitation at frequencies <60 Hz as measured by phase-resolved NO PLIF", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2002 by California Institute of Technology. The authors thank the L. A. County Sanitation District, the DOE Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research program, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the California Institute of Technology for their support of this work.\n\nPublished - 403_Ratner_A_2002.pdf
", "abstract": "The California Institute of Technology's Combustion Acoustics Facility is used to measure the\nchanges in the creation of NO in a partially premixed jet flame due to acoustic forcing at frequencies\nranging from 22 to 55 Hz. The facility generates a quarter-wave mode so that the test flame is in a region\nwhere the acoustic velocity is nearly zero. This facility and a similar burner have been previously used to\nmeasure the phase-resolved response of the OH field. In this experiment, phase-resolved NO planar laserinduced\nfluorescence (PLIF) measurements are recorded. The location and phase coupling of the NO field\nare analyzed, and the production and transport of NO are compared with previously reported OH field\nmeasurements. The NO levels increase for frequencies that exhibit stronger acoustic coupling to the flame.\nThe NO concentration field variations lead (in phase space) the OH field variations. This is probably a\nresult of the greater NO sensitivity to temperature (which itself is closely coupled to the chamber pressure).", "date": "2002", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101117-112555177", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101117-112555177", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "L.A. County Sanitation" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research Program" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research" }, { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2002-0195", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "403_Ratner_A_2002.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sgeg9-xzs20/files/403_Ratner_A_2002.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2002", "author_list": "Ratner, Albert; Palm, Steven L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jtaae-tbs07", "eprint_id": 22062, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:43:47", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:01", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Palm-S-L", "name": { "family": "Palm", "given": "S. L." } }, { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Phase resolved PLIF and chemiluminescence for measuring combustion dynamics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2002 by the California Institute of Technology. All rights reserved. This work was sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology; partly by a grant under the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program, provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; partly by the Department of Energy, AGTSR Program; partly by ENEL; and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program manager).\n\nSubmitted - Culick_FEC_Phase_Resolved_PLIF.pdf
", "abstract": "Transient behavior of combustion systems has long been a subject of both fundamental and practical concerns. Extreme cases of very rapid changes include the ignition of reacting mixtures and detonation. At the other extreme is a wide range of quasi-steady changes of behavior, for example adjustments of the operating point of a combustion chamber. Between the limiting cases of 'infinitely fast' and 'infinitesimally slow' lie important fundamental problems of time-dependent behavior and a wide array\nof practical applications. Among the latter are combustion instabilities and their active control, a primary motivation for the work reported in this paper. Owing to the\ncomplicated chemistry, chemical kinetics and flow dynamics of actual combustion systems, numerical simulations of their behavior remains in a relatively primitive state.\nEven as that situation continually improves, it is an essential part of the field that methods of measuring true dynamical behavior be developed to provide results having both fine spatial resolution and accuracy in time. This paper is a progress report of recent research\ncarried out in the Jet Propulsion Center of the California Institute of Technology.", "date": "2002", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-081441006", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-081441006", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)" }, { "agency": "AGTSR Program" }, { "agency": "ENEL" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Culick_FEC_Phase_Resolved_PLIF.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jtaae-tbs07/files/Culick_FEC_Phase_Resolved_PLIF.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2002", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C.; Pun, W.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9z45x-rzs35", "eprint_id": 20808, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:43:26", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:23", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "Winston" } }, { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "Albert" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Phase-Resolved Chemiluminescence of an Acoustically Forced Jet Flame at Frequencies < 60 Hz", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2002 by the California Institute of Technology. This work was sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology; partly by a grant under the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program, provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; partly by the Department of Energy, AGTSR Program; and partly by ENEL.\n\nPublished - 402_Pun_W_2002.pdf
", "abstract": "The California Institute of Technology's Combustion Acoustics Facility is used to\nmeasure the response of a partially premixed jet flame to acoustic forcing at frequencies ranging\nfrom 22 Hz to 55 Hz. The facility generates bulk acoustic modes that simulate unstable combustor\nconditions. This same facility and burner has been previously used to measure the phase-resolved\nresponse of the OH PLIF field. In this experiment, phase-resolved chemiluminescence\nmeasurements are recorded and analyzed. Flame base oscillations are quantified and compared for\ntwo different burner configurations. The chemiluminescence also shows that frequencies that\nexhibit stronger acoustic coupling to the flame tend to have decreased luminosity in the flame\nstabilization zone, while frequencies with weaker coupling tend to produce greater luminosity at\nthe base of the flame.", "date": "2002", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-105224925", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-105224925", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy" }, { "agency": "ENEL" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2002-0194", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "402_Pun_W_2002.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9z45x-rzs35/files/402_Pun_W_2002.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2002", "author_list": "Pun, Winston; Ratner, Albert; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bgq8z-b0w37", "eprint_id": 20876, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:43:38", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ratner-A", "name": { "family": "Ratner", "given": "Albert" } }, { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "Winston" } }, { "id": "Palm-S-L", "name": { "family": "Palm", "given": "Steven L." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Phase-Resolved NO Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence of a Jet Flame in an Acoustic Chamber with Excitation at Frequencies <60Hz", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 2002 Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. Available online 27 April 2007. The authors thank the L. A. County Sanitation District, the DOE Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research program, and the California Institute of Technology for their support of this work.", "abstract": "The California Institute of Technology's Combustion Acoustics Facility is used to measure the changes in\nthe creation of NO in a partially premixed jet flame due to acoustic forcing at frequencies ranging from 22\nto 55 Hz. The facility generates bulk acoustic modes that simulate unstable combustor conditions in the\nabsence of velocity fluctuations. This facility and a similar burner have been previously used to measure\nthe phase-resolved response of the OH field. In this experiment, phase-resolved NO planar laser-induced\nfluorescence (PLIF) measurements are recorded. The location and phase coupling of the NO field are\nanalyzed, and the production and transport of NO are compared with previously reported OH field\nmeasurements. The NO levels increase for frequencies that exhibit stronger acoustic coupling to the flame.\nThe NO concentration variations with the phase of the chamber pressure lead the OH field variations. This\nis probably a result of the greater NO sensitivity to temperature.", "date": "2002", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Proceedings of the Combustion Institute", "volume": "29", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "85-90", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-082923771", "issn": "1540-7489", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-082923771", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "L. A. County Sanitation District" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research Program" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80015-3", "pub_year": "2002", "author_list": "Ratner, Albert; Pun, Winston; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d3kc2-h1g54", "eprint_id": 20792, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:58:58", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:15", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Seywert-C", "name": { "family": "Seywert", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Isella-G", "name": { "family": "Isella", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Active Feedback Control of Combustor Dynamics with Time Delay and Noise", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 by California Institute of Technology. This work was sponsored partly by the California Institute\nof Technology; partly by the Department of Energy, AGTSR\nprogram; partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; and partly by ENEL. Graduate Research Assistant, Aeronautics. Richard L. and Dorothy M. Hayman Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Professor of Jet Propulsion; Fellow AIAA\n\nPublished - 398_Seywert_c_2000.pdf
", "abstract": "Active control of longitudinal pressure oscillations in a combustion chamber is studied theoretically by means of a low order model obtained by systematic reduction from\na complete representation. The formulation is based on the derivation of a generalized wave equation that accommodates the effects of mean flow, combustion, noise and control\naction. By using spatial averaging, the equations describing the dynamics of the chamber are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations, representing the motions of a system of coupled oscillators. The form of the resulting equations is particularly convenient\nfor model reduction and for introducing feedback control terms, while retaining all physical processes.\nThe oscillator equations are then rewritten in state-space form. Simulations are carried out to investigate in a unified fashion various aspects of the problem. These include the influences of noise, parameter uncertainties, unmodeled modes and a single timedelay.\nA criterion is derived that guarantees stability of the controlled closed-loop system\nin the presence of those quantities. The particular controller used here is based on a\nstandard LQR design, but any design technique can be used as long as the stability\ncriterion is fulfilled.", "date": "2000-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-085253275", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-085253275", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy" }, { "agency": "AGTSR" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research" }, { "agency": "ENEL" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2000-3124", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "398_Seywert_c_2000.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d3kc2-h1g54/files/398_Seywert_c_2000.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Seywert, C.; Isella, G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ds0r5-z6e10", "eprint_id": 20791, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:58:53", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:14", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion instabilities: mating dance of chemical, combustion, and combustor dynamics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 by F.E.C. Culick, California Institute of Technology. This work was sponsored partly by the California mstitute of Technology, the ONR Multidisciplinary University Research mitiative (MURI)\nGrant No. N00014-95-1-1338, the Advanced Gas Turbine Research Center (AGTSR) and ENEL. During the preparation of this\npaper I have benefited greatly from the careful reading\nand constructive remarks by Mr. Norman Cohen. Mr.\nGiorgio Isella carried out all calculations in sections 4\nand 5. I am indebted to Dr. F. Vuillot for providing me\nwith complete set of references, with comments,\ncovering the French work on vortex shedding.\n\nPublished - 398_Culick_FEC_2000.pdf
", "abstract": "Combustion instabilities exist as consequences of\ninteractions among three classes of phenomena: chemistry and chemical dynamics; combustion dynamics; and combustor dynamics. These dynamical processes take place simultaneously in widely different spatial scales characterized by lengths roughly in the ratios (10^(-3)\n- 10^(-6)):1:(10^3-10^6). However, due to the wide differences in the associated characteristic velocities, the corresponding time scales are all close. The instabilities in question are observed as oscillations having a time scale in the range of natural acoustic oscillations. The apparent dominance of that single macroscopic time scale must not be permitted to obscure the fact that the relevant physical processes occur on three disparate length scales. Hence, understanding combustion instabilities at the practical level of design and successful operation is ultimately based on understanding three distinct sorts of dynamics.", "date": "2000-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-083329034", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-083329034", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2000-3178", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "398_Culick_FEC_2000.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ds0r5-z6e10/files/398_Culick_FEC_2000.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rmdcz-zkf54", "eprint_id": 20800, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:59:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:21", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Shusser-M", "name": { "family": "Shusser", "given": "Michael" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } }, { "id": "Cohen-N-S", "name": { "family": "Cohen", "given": "Norman S." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion response of ammonium perchlorate", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc. This work is sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the Office of Naval Research Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under grant No. N00014-95-I-1338. Dr. Judah Goldwasser is the Navy Program Manager.\n\nPublished - 401_Shusser_M_2000.pdf
", "abstract": "A modified Price-Boggs-Derr model is applied to\ncompute the linear and non-linear combustion response\nproperties of monopropellant ammonium perchlorate.\nThe kinetics constants were changed to achieve good\nagreement with response function data as well as with\nsteady-state data. The numerical method was first\nvalidated by comparing computations using the Levine\n& Culick boundary condition in the limit of small\nperturbations with the exact mathematical solution for\nlinear response. Then, using the AP model for the\nboundary condition, various linear and non-linear\ncomputations were performed. Supplemental\nmathematical analyses relate the AP model to the basic\ntwo parameters of the classical theory and show the key\nfactors determining the nature of the combustion\nresponse.", "date": "2000-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-101901737", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-101901737", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research Multidisciplinary Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-I-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2000-3694", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "401_Shusser_M_2000.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rmdcz-zkf54/files/401_Shusser_M_2000.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Shusser, Michael; Culick, Fred E. C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a3dvv-d0r70", "eprint_id": 20790, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:58:48", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:12", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Palm-S-L", "name": { "family": "Palm", "given": "S. L." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "PLIF measurements of combustion dynamics in a burner under forced oscillatory conditions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 by the California Institute of Technology. The authors are especially indebted to Professor Chris Cadou (University of Maryland) for his very considerable advice and help during the initial stages of designing the PLIF apparatus, when he was a Post Doctoral Scholar at Caltech. We also thank Mr. Konstantin Matveev for his help in completing this paper and Cerwin-Vega for their generous donation of the acoustic drivers. This work was sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology; partly by a grant under the Defense University Research\nInstrumentation Program, provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; partly by the Department of Energy, AGTSR Program; and partly by ENEL.\n\nPublished - 397_Pun_W_2000.pdf
", "abstract": "A technique has been devised which can provide insight into the local dynamic response of a flame to an\nacoustic field. In the experiments, a test chamber is acoustically excited by a pair of low frequency drivers. The\nresponse of the flame is visualized by planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of the hydroxyl (OH) radical, which is\na good indicator for heat release in the flame. The resulting images are phase-locked and averaged to yield a\nqualitative picture of the fluctuation of the heat release. This is correlated with a pressure transducer near the flame,\nwhich allows stability to be evaluated using Rayleigh's criterion. Results indicate that the drive frequency and burner\nconfiguration have a pronounced effect on the response of the flame. Drive frequencies ranging from 22 Hz to 55 Hz\nare applied to the jet mixed burner, supplied with a premixed 50/50 mixture of methane and carbon dioxide at a\nReynolds number of 20,000. The burner is operated in two configurations; with an aerodynamically stabilized flame,\nand with a flame stabilized by two protruding bluff-bodies. Results indicate that in general, the bluff-body stabilized\nflame is less sensitive to chamber acoustic excitation", "date": "2000-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-074125126", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-074125126", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Defense University Research Instrumentation Program/Air Force Office of Scientific Research" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy" }, { "agency": "AGTSR Program" }, { "agency": "Ente Nazionale l'Energia Elettrica (ENEL)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2000-3123", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "397_Pun_W_2000.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a3dvv-d0r70/files/397_Pun_W_2000.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Pun, W.; Palm, S. L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rp09x-jsn72", "eprint_id": 20796, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:03:05", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:19", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Isella-G", "name": { "family": "Isella", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Modeling the Effects of Velocity Coupling on the Global Dynamics of Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2000 by the California Institute of Technology. This work was sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under ONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338, Program Manager Dr. Judah Goldwasser.\n\nPublished - 400_Isella_GC_2000.pdf
", "abstract": "Considerable data exists suggesting that the response functions for many solid propellants tend to have higher values, in some ranges of frequencies, than predicted by the conventional QSHOD theory. It is a familiar idea that such behavior is associated with dynamical processes possessing characteristic times shorter than that of\nthe thermal wave in the condensed phase. The QSHOD theory, and most of its variants, contains only the dynamics of that process, which normally has a characteristic frequency in the range of a few hundred hertz. Two previous works seeking to correct this deficiency (T'ien, 1972; Lazima and Clavin, 1992) have focused their attention on including the dynamics of the thermal wave in the gas phase. Both include effects of diffusion that complicate the analysis although the second achieves some simplification by applying the ideas of 'activation energy asymptotics'. While their results differ in detail, both works show influences at frequencies higher than those near the broad peak of the response due to the thennal wave. Recent theoretical work and simulations show that a combustion response function based on simple pressure coupling is not enough to explain the characteristics of the instability observed experimentally. Namely, differences in the shape of the response function fail to reproduce the differences observed experimentally in the characteristics of the limit cycle reached by combustion chambers with propellants of different chemical (or physical) composition. On the other hand, velocity coupling in the combustion response seems a promising mechanism able to predict the changes in the\nunstable modes observed experimentally and to produce considerable effect on the shape of the resulting limit cycle. The Baum and Levine model is used as a starting point in the investigation of velocity coupling. Other models, in which the mass burning rate is modified by some function of the velocity, are also investigated through direct time-simulation and by the use of a continuation\nmethod. Modeling of particle damping at high frequency constitutes a serious consideration in the modeling of the interaction of combustion dynamics and chamber acoustics. The effect of particle size distribution is analyzed by considering an experimental particle size distribution.\nThe ultimate goal of this work is to find a link between the global dynamics of the combustion chamber and small changes in the combustion dynamics, caused by differences in propellant chemical composition or physical characteristics (for example, particle size and distribution). Response functions are shown for realistic ranges of the chief parameters characterizing the dynamics of the propellant. The results are also incorporated in the dynamical analysis of a small rocket motor to illustrate the consequences of the combustion dynamics for the stability and nonlinear behavior of unsteady motions in a motor.", "date": "2000", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-094319661", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101115-094319661", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research/Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2000-3187", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "400_Isella_GC_2000.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rp09x-jsn72/files/400_Isella_GC_2000.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2000", "author_list": "Isella, G. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jx7s7-jft50", "eprint_id": 20888, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:44:35", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:33:51", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Seywert-C", "name": { "family": "Seywert", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Some Influences of Noise on Combustion Instabilities and Combustor Dynamics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1999, Jannaf. This work was supported partly by the California Institute of Technology; partly\nby the Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under ONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338\n(Dr. Judah Goldwasser, Program Manager); partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Dr. Mitat\nBirkan, Program Manager); partly by ENEL (Dr. Giancarlo Benelli, Program Manager); and partly by the\nDepartment of Energy Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR) Program under Subcontract No.\n98-02-SR072 (Dr. Larry Golan, Program Manager).", "abstract": "The chief purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of noise, more generally stochastic\nsources of any sort, on linear and nonlinear unsteady motions in combustion chambers. To be definite,\nour primary applications here relate to combustion instabilities in solid propellant rockets, particularly\nlinear stability. Two aspects are especially relevant to practical applications: the direct effects of noise on\nstability; and extraction of information about stability margin from noisy pressure records taken for stable\nmotors. However, the formulation and results are relevant to combustors generally. A fundamental issue\nis the distinction between and relative importance of self-excited (linearly unstable) oscillations on the one\nhand and forced oscillation on the other. This has been a controversial and occasionally misunderstood\ntopic for many years. The essential ideas can be clarified unambiguously within the context of global\ndynamics treated here. We are not so concerned with the details of data processing as with the physical\ninterpretation of the results.", "date": "1999-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-105039121", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-105039121", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "ONR N00014-95-1-1338" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "ENEL" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR)", "grant_number": "98-02-SR072" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "pub_year": "1999", "author_list": "Seywert, C. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/499eh-ewy57", "eprint_id": 20902, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 13:59:09", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:34:38", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Burnley-V-S", "name": { "family": "Burnley", "given": "Victor S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "On the Energy Transfer between Transverse Acoustic Modes in a Cylindrical Combustion Chamber", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Instability and Pulsating and Unsteady Combustion; Liquid Propellant Rockets; Fluid\nDynamics Aspects in Combustion", "note": "\u00a9 1999 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V. This work was sponsored partly by the United States Air Force and partly by the\nCaltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under ONR Grant No.\nN00014-95-1-1338, Program Manager Dr. Judah Goldwasser.", "abstract": "Most of the previous work on periodic limit cycles in linearly unstable combustors has been carried out for the case of purely longitudinal classical modes whose natural frequencies are integral multiples of the fundamental. The contrary situation of transverse modes in a cylindrical chamber has led to unexpectedly high amplitudes in the periodic limit cycles, the reasons for which have not been thoroughly understood. Some results reported here serve to clarify the two chief consequences of nonlinear coupling between modes: the first is obvious, for the nonlinear coupling causes excitation of higher modes, and hence energy transfer, when, say, the first mode is unstable; the second has long been known, namely that the coupling must also cause shifts of the frequencies from their linear non-integral values to the integral values required for a periodic limit cycle, but part of the significance of this property has been unclear. In particular, the necessity for the frequency shifts reduces the efficiency at which energy is transfered between modes and leads to higher amplitude oscillations. Our analysis shows that the larger are the differences of the linear frequencies from perfect integral values, the larger are the amplitudes in the limit cycle. These conclusions suggest a way to reduce the amplitudes of transverse oscillations, and examples are presented showing this possibility.", "date": "1999-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "144", "number": "1-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "1-19", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-135546896", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-135546896", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "United States Air Force" }, { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209908924195", "pub_year": "1999", "author_list": "Burnley, Victor S. and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8758d-nrj26", "eprint_id": 20898, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:40:25", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:32", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Roh-T-S", "name": { "family": "Roh", "given": "Tae-Seong" } }, { "id": "Cohen-N-S", "name": { "family": "Cohen", "given": "Norman S." } }, { "id": "Beddini-R-A", "name": { "family": "Beddini", "given": "Robert A." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical Analysis of Solid Rocket Motor Instabilities With AP Composite Propellants", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a91999 by the authors. This work has been partially supported by the Caltech\nMultidisciplinary University Research Initiative under\nONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338; Dr. Judah Goldwasser\nof the Office of Naval Research is Program Manager.\n\nPublished - 391_Roh_TS_1999.pdf
", "abstract": "A non-steady model for the combustion of ammonium\nperchlorate composite propellants has been developed\nin order to be incorporated into a comprehensive gasdynamics\nmodel of solid rocket motor flow fields. The\nmodel including the heterogeneous combustion and turbulence\nmechanisms is applied to nonlinear combustion\ninstability analyses. This paper describes the essential\nmechanisms and features of the model and discusses the\nmethodology of non-steady calculations of the combustion\ninstabilities of solid rocket motors.", "date": "1999", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-132511549", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-132511549", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1999-2804", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "391_Roh_TS_1999.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8758d-nrj26/files/391_Roh_TS_1999.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1999", "author_list": "Roh, Tae-Seong; Cohen, Norman S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/73p4z-14444", "eprint_id": 20906, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:03:03", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:36", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Isella-G", "name": { "family": "Isella", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Seywert-C", "name": { "family": "Seywert", "given": "C." } } ] }, "title": "Influences of combustion dynamics on linear and nonlinear unsteady motions in solid propellant rockets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1998, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \nThis work was sponsored partly by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the\nCaltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under ONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338,\nProgram Manager Dr. Judah Goldwasser.\n\nPublished - 389_Culick_FEC_1998.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper is a report of work in progress, part of the Caltech MURI Program: Novel\nEnergetic Materials to Stabilize Rocket Motors. The primary technical objective of the MURI\nProgram is to understand the connections between propellant composition and chemistry, and\nthe dynamical behavior observed in solid propellant rocket motors. Here we are concerned with\nthe theoretical framework in which chamber dynamics are investigated; and certain aspects of\ncombustion dynamics represented by the response function which is ultimately the macroscopic\nrealization of the propellant chemistry and combustion. Some results are given to illustrate possible\ninfluences of the frequency spectrum of the response function on linear and nonlinear motions in a\nsolid rocket. A simple model is described which is extended eventually to provide a way to model\nphenomenologically some of the observed characteristics of the combustion dynamics of a burning\nsolid propellant.", "date": "1998-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-144631059", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-144631059", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "98-3704", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "389_Culick_FEC_1998.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/73p4z-14444/files/389_Culick_FEC_1998.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1998", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C.; Isella, G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w2rx2-p5v18", "eprint_id": 20904, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:18:37", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:34", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Roh-T-S", "name": { "family": "Roh", "given": "T. S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical analysis of transient combustion response to acoustic oscillations in axisymmetric rocket motors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1998 the authors.\n\nPublished - 395_Roh_TS_1998.pdf
", "abstract": "A numerical analysis of unsteady motions in solid\nrocket motors with a nozzle has been conducted. The\nformulation treats the complete conservation equations\nfor the gas phase and the one-dimensional equations in\nthe radial direction for the condensed phase. A fully\ncoupled implicit scheme based on a dual time-stepping\nintegration algorithm has been adopted to solve the governing equations and associated boundary conditions.\nAfter obtaining a steady state solution, periodic pressure\noscillations are imposed at the head end to simulate acoustic oscillations of a traveling-wave motion in\nthe combustion chamber. The amplitude of the pressure\noscillation is 1.0 % of the mean pressure and the\nfrequency is 1790 Hz, corresponding to the twice of the\nfundamental frequency of the chamber. Magnitude and\nphase of pressure and axial velocity fluctuations are influenced by the upstream reflecting wave from the nozzle\nwall. Axial velocity near surface region oscillates\nin phase advance manner with reference to the acoustic\npressure. Large vorticity fluctuations are observed in\nnear surface region. The mass-flow-rate at the nozzle\nexit periodically oscillates with a time delay compared\nto the imposed pressure oscillations at the head end.", "date": "1998-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-141630231", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-141630231", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "98-0253", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "395_Roh_TS_1998.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w2rx2-p5v18/files/395_Roh_TS_1998.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1998", "author_list": "Roh, T. S. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/am9jb-rhs64", "eprint_id": 21080, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:09:22", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:44:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Liberman-M-A", "name": { "family": "Liberman", "given": "M. A." } }, { "id": "Bychkov-V-V", "name": { "family": "Bychkov", "given": "V. V." } }, { "id": "Goldberg-S-M", "name": { "family": "Goldberg", "given": "S. M." } }, { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "K. I." } }, { "id": "Erickson-L-E", "name": { "family": "Erickson", "given": "L. E." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical study of curved flames under confinement", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "hydrodynamic flame instability", "note": "\u00a9 1998 Taylor & Frances. \n\nAccepted January 1998. \n\nThis work was supported in part by the Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development (NUTEK), Grant P2205-2, by the Swedish Natural Science Research Council (NFR), grant E-ADIEG 10297-321, and by the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.", "abstract": "Dynamics of laminar flames in closed tubes is studied by means of two-dimensional numerical\nsimulations taking into account thermal conduction, fuel diffusion, viscosity and chemical\nkinetics. Development of the hydrodynamic instability of a flame front is investigated for\nflames with the chemical reactions of the first and the third order. We found that for a flame\nwith the first order reaction the hydrodynamic instability is strongly reduced or even suppressed\nin sufficiently short tubes. Unlike this, in the case of a flame of the third order reaction the\ninstability is enhanced due to significant increase of the normal velocity of the planar flame\nunder confinement. The instability development for flames of both the first and the third order\nreaction is strongly affected by acoustic waves generated by the flame in a closed chamber.\nParticularly, a weak shock colliding with the flame front may lead to a temporary stabilization of\nthe flame instability. On the contrary, when flame comes to the end of the tube the acoustic\nwaves may cause significant increase of the flame instability. We studied a possibility of the\ndetonation ignition ahead of the flame front as well. We found that the detonation can be ignited\nat the far end of the tube by the weak shocks and sound waves generated by the flame in a\nclosed tube. Triggering of the detonation ahead of the flame propagating in a closed tube is\nrelated to the knock problem in spark-ignition engines.", "date": "1998", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "136", "number": "1-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "221-251", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-074308292", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-074308292", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development (NUTEK)", "grant_number": "P2205-2" }, { "agency": "Swedish Natural Science Research Council", "grant_number": "E-ADIEG 10297-321" }, { "agency": "Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209808924172", "pub_year": "1998", "author_list": "Liberman, M. A.; Bychkov, V. V.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cd3d9-kbe54", "eprint_id": 21914, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:51:19", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:07", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Roh-T-S", "name": { "family": "Roh", "given": "T. S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical study of acoustic oscillations and combustion instabilities in solid propellant rocket", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1997. This work has been partially supported by the Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative\nunder ONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338; Dr. Richard S. Miller of the Office of Naval Research is Program Manager. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.\n\nSubmitted - 392_Roh_TS_1997.pdf
", "abstract": "A numerical analysis of unsteady motions in solid rocket motors has been conducted. A fully coupled\nimplicit scheme based on a dual time-stepping integration algorithm has been adopted to solve the governing\nequations and associated boundary conditions. A narrow pressure pulse is imposed at the head end to\nsimulate unsteady acoustic oscillations in the combustion chamber. Pressure increases when the front of the\npulse reaches near the nozzle area. Self-generated oscillations with frequency of standing wave propagates\nupstream in the combustion chamber. Investigation of transient response of gas-phase dynamics to traveling\npressure wave and its effects on propellant combustion reveals several aspects: Combustion responses have\na strong relationship with vorticity fluctuations in case of high turbulent intensity on the propellant surface.\nTemperature fluctuations of the propellant surface in the head end region seem to be very unstable and\nindependent of the pressure wave. Surface temperature without turbulence effect looks more sensitive to\ntemperature fluctuations in the primary flame zone. Stability of surface temperature is strongly related to\nturbulent intensity on the propellant surface.", "date": "1997-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Chemical Propulsion Information Agency", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110128-075156436", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110128-075156436", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "ONR N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "392_Roh_TS_1997.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cd3d9-kbe54/files/392_Roh_TS_1997.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Roh, T. S. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gxgb9-t6432", "eprint_id": 20908, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 11:47:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:34:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Isella-G", "name": { "family": "Isella", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Seywert-C", "name": { "family": "Seywert", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "A further Note on Active Control of Combustion instabilities Based on Hysteresis", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Hysteresis; combustion instability", "note": "\u00a9 1997 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) Amsterdam B.V. Published in The Netherlands under\nlicense by Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.\nReceived 21 August 1996; In final form 25 March 1997. \nThis work was supported in part by the California Institute of Technology;\npartly by ENEL (Dr. Giancarlo Benelli, Program Manager); and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, AFOSR Contract No. F49620-95 -1-0272 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager); and partly by the Department of Energy Grant DE-FC21-92MC2906.", "abstract": "Hysteretic behaviour, as found in the dump combustor facility at GALCIT, allows nonlinear\nactive control of the instability, demonstrated recently by Knoop et al. (1996). As in that work,\npulses of secondary fuel, based on a simple on/off control law, have been successfully used to\ndrive the transition between the two modes present in the hysteretic region, thereby reducing\nthe amplitude of the pressure oscillations with minimal use of fuel. In order to clarify the origin\nof the phenomenon, high speed shadowgraph images of the flowfield during the transition\nbetween 'unstable' and stable burning have been taken, showing distinctive features that may\nhelp in modeling the observed behaviour. A preliminary parametric study (type of injector,\nduration of pulses, type of secondary flow) has also been conducted, showing that the transition\ncan be obtained over a broad range of conditions.", "date": "1997-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "126", "number": "1-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "381-388", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-151443293", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-151443293", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Ente Nazionale per l'Energia eLettrica (ENEL) (Italy)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-95-1-0272" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-FC21-92MC29061" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209708935682", "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Isella, G.; Seywert, C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/etvxy-zqv83", "eprint_id": 20910, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:31:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:34:58", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Roh-T-S", "name": { "family": "Roh", "given": "T. S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Transient combustion responses of homogeneous propellants to acoustic oscillations in axisymmetric rocket motors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1997, bu authors. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics with permission.\n\nPublished - 393_Roh_TS_1997.pdf
", "abstract": "A numerical analysis of unsteady motions in solid\nrocket motors has been conducted. The formulation\nconsiders a 2-D axisymmetric combustion chamber and\na choke nozzle, and treats the complete conservation\nequations accounting for turbulence closure and finiterate\nchemical kinetics in the gas phase and subsurface reactions.\nA fully coupled implicit scheme based on a dual\ntime-stepping integration algorithm has been adopted\nto solve the governing equations and associated boundary\nconditions. Results of the steady-state calculations\nindicate that the distributions of pressure in the motor\nand Mach number in the nozzle are one-dimensional\nalong the axial direction. Vorticity contours show similar\npattern to those of Mach number in the combustion\nchamber. The nozzle has an influence on the flow and\ntemperature fields in the combustion chamber. A narrow\npressure pulse is imposed at the head end to simulate\nunsteady acoustic oscillations in the combustion\nchamber. When the front of the pulse reaches near the\nnozzle throat, pressure near the nozzle throat increases\nand blocks the hot gas flow from passing through the\nnozzle throat. Self-generated oscillations have similar\nfrequencies to those of standing waves of the combustion\nchamber. Large vorticity fluctuations are observed\nin near surface region. The luminous flame zone responds\nto low-frequency pressure wave rather than highfrequency\none. Temperature fluctuations in the primary\nflame zone of the head end oscillates independently of\nthe imposed pressure oscillations while temperature fluctuations\nin downstream region show pressure-dependent\noscillations.", "date": "1997-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-074948591", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-074948591", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1997-3325", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT", "value": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "393_Roh_TS_1997.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/etvxy-zqv83/files/393_Roh_TS_1997.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Roh, T. S. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gzh3k-n6n22", "eprint_id": 21283, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:17:59", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:54:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Esipov-I-B", "name": { "family": "Esipov", "given": "I. B." } }, { "id": "Zosimov-V-V", "name": { "family": "Zosimov", "given": "V. V." } }, { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "K. I." } } ] }, "title": "Propagation of an Acoustic Pulse of Finite Amplitude\n in a Granular Medium", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1997 MANK Hayka Interperiodica Publishing. Received August 7, 1996. This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research. Translated by M.L. Lyamshev\n\nPublished - Esipov_IB_Propagation_of_an_Acoustic_Pulse.pdf
", "abstract": "A study of propagation of a wide-band acoustic signal in a granular medium is reported. Experimental data on the propagation of pulses with an amplitude up to 3 MPa and characteristic length about 1 \u00b5s through a sample of cobalt-manganese nodules are compared with a computer model of the process. An anomalous sig'rfal absorption in the high-frequency range observed with relatively weak sounding pulses is explained under the assumption of a fractal sample structure on a certain scale. When the signal amplitude increases, the ahsorption assumes a normal power form which is evidence of substance structural changes.", "date": "1997-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Acoustical Physics", "volume": "43", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "558-563", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-142543898", "issn": "1063-7710", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-142543898", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Esipov_IB_Propagation_of_an_Acoustic_Pulse.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gzh3k-n6n22/files/Esipov_IB_Propagation_of_an_Acoustic_Pulse.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Esipov, I. B.; Zosimov, V. V.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f9t7d-6re26", "eprint_id": 20907, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 11:26:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:34:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A Note on Ordering Perturbations and the Insignificance of Linear Coupling in Combustion Instabilities", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Combustion instabilities; linear coupling", "note": "\u00a9 1997 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association). Received 28 May 1996; In final form 25 March 1997. This work was partly sponsored by the California Institute of Technology and\npartly by the Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under\nONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338. Dr. Richard S. Miller of the Office of\nNaval Research is Program Manager. I am also indebted to reviewers whose suggestions I have taken to clarify several points in the paper and to Mr. G. Isella for checking the calculations.", "abstract": "Formal analysis of combustion instabilities has been based on expansion of the equations of motion in two small parameters, March numbers characterizing the average and fluctuating flows. The procedure is reviewed and extended in this note explain how new terms involving nonlinear mean flow/acoustic interactions may be incorporated. As a further example of the ordering procedure, the reasoning is given to show why coupling of modes, linear in the average March number, cannot legitimately be retained when the equations have been expanded only to first order in Mach number.", "date": "1997", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "126", "number": "1", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "359-377", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-150130234", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101118-150130234", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "383", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209708935681", "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zkhrm-0cq30", "eprint_id": 20923, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 11:26:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Knoop-P", "name": { "family": "Knoop", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Extension of the Stability of Motions in a Combustion Chamber by Nonlinear Active Control Based on Hysteresis", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Hysteresis; combustion instability", "note": "\u00a9 1997 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) Amsterdam B.V.\n\nReceived 23 April 1996; In final form 24 September 1996. Reprints available directly from the publisher. Photocopying permitted by license only. This work was supported in part by the California Institute of Technology; partly by ENEL (Dr. Giancarlo Benelli, Program Manager); partly by the Air\nForce Office of Scientific Research, AFOSR Contract No. F49620-95-1-0272 (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager); and partly by the Department of Energy Grant DE-FC21-92MC2906 (Dr. Daniel Fant, Program Manager). The authors have benefited from conversations with Professor Richard Murray\nand also thank Sudipto Sur, Windsor Lin and Giorgio Isella for their help in carrying out some of the experimental work.", "abstract": "Experimental results for instabilities in dump combustors have long shown the presence of some sort\nof hysteresis, in the vicinity of the stability boundary defined by flow speed and mixture ratio. This\nnote reports measurements of the precise character of hysteresis loops found when the mixture ratio\nis varied with flow speed held constant. The upper branch represents relatively high amplitude limit\ncycles and the lower branch contains low level oscillations possibly driven by stochastic sources\nwithin the chamber. Existence of the hysteresis loops suggests the possibility of causing a transition\nfrom the upper unstable branch to the lower stable branch. This has been accomplished by injecting\nshort pulses of secondary fuel either in the boundary layer upstream of the dump plane or in the\nrecirculation zone. Only a single pulse is required if its flow rate and width are suitably chosen. These\nresults demonstrate the feasibility of a novel method of active control of combustion instabilities if\nhysteresis is present, apparently the first example of true nonlinear control of combustor dynamics.\nThe main advantage is the small amount of secondary fuel required. More generally, this work\nillustrates the value, for active control, of understanding the dynamics of the uncontrolled system.", "date": "1997", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "123", "number": "1-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "363-376", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-150022314", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-150022314", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "ENEL" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-95-1-0272" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-FC21-92MC2906" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209708935635", "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Knoop, P.; Culick, F. E. C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rpzx7-99j64", "eprint_id": 20924, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 00:43:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Burnley-V-S", "name": { "family": "Burnley", "given": "V. S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Some dynamics of acoustic oscillations with nonlinear combustion and noise", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1997 Begell House, Inc. Publishers. Publication Date: January 1, 1997. Authors: Burnley V. S.; Culick F. E. C.\n\nSubmitted - 384_Burnley_VS_1996.pdf
", "abstract": "The results given in this paper constitute a continuation of progress with nonlinear analysis of coherent oscillations in combustion chambers. We are currently focusing attention on two general problems of nonlinear behavior important to practical applications: the conditions under which a linearly unstable system will execute stable periodic limit cycles; and the conditions under which a linearly stable system is unstable to a sufficiently large disturbance. The first of these is often called 'soft' excitation, or supercritical bifurcation; the second is called 'hard' excitation, 'triggering,' or subcritical bifurcation and is the focus of this paper. Previous works extending over more than a decade have established beyond serious doubt (although no formal proof exists) that nonlinear gasdynamics alone does not contain subcritical bifurcations. The present work has shown that nonlinear combustion alone also does not contain subcritical bifurcations, but the combination of nonlinear gasdynamics and combustion does. Some examples are given for simple models of nonlinear combustion of a solid propellant but the broad conclusion just mentioned is valid for any combustion system.\nAlthough flows in combustors contain considerable noise, arising from several kinds of sources, there is sound basis for treating organized oscillations as distinct motions. That has been an essential assumption incorporated in virtually all treatments of combustion instabilities. However, certain characteristics of the organized or deterministic motions seem to have the nature of stochastic processes. For example, the amplitudes in limit cycles always exhibit a random character and even the occurrence of instabilities seems occasionally to possess some statistical features. Analysis of nonlinear coherent motions in the presence of stochastic sources is therefore an important part of the theory. We report here a few results of power spectral densities of acoustic amplitudes in the presence of a subcritical bifurcation associated with nonlinear combustion and gasdynamics.", "date": "1997", "date_type": "published", "publication": "International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion", "volume": "4", "number": "1+6", "publisher": "Begell House", "pagerange": "998-1013", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-151322582", "issn": "2150-766X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-151322582", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "384", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "384_Burnley_VS_1996.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rpzx7-99j64/files/384_Burnley_VS_1996.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1997", "author_list": "Burnley, V. S. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t2pkr-xgh21", "eprint_id": 20919, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 00:32:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:25", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Roh-T-S", "name": { "family": "Roh", "given": "T. S." } } ] }, "title": "Applications of Various Methods of Analysis to Combustion Instabilities in Solid Propellant Rockets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1996, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. This work was partly sponsored by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the\nCaltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative under ONR Grant No. N00014-95-1-1338. Dr. Richard S. Miller of the Office of Naval Research is Program Manager.\n\nPublished - 333724a.pdf
Submitted - 386_Culick_FE_1996.pdf
", "abstract": "Instabilities of motions in a combustion chamber are consequences of the coupled dynamics of\ncombustion processes and of the flow in the chamber. The extreme complexities of the problem\nalways require approximations of various sorts to make progress in understanding the\nmechanisms and behavior of combustion instabilities. This paper covers recent progress in the\nsubject, mainly summarizing efforts in two areas: approximate analysis based on a form of\nGalerkin's method, particularly useful for understanding the global linear and nonlinear\ndynamics of combustion instabilities and numerical simulations intended to accommodate as\nfully as possible fundamental chemical processes in both the condensed and gaseous phases.\nOne purpose of current work is to bring closer together these approaches to produce more\ncomprehensive and detailed realistic results applicable to the interpretation of observations\nand for design of new rockets for both space and military applications. Particularly important\nare the goals of determining the connections between chemical composition and instabilities;\nand the influences of geometry on nonlinear behavior.", "date": "1996-11-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-113430324", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-113430324", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative", "grant_number": "N00014-95-1-1338" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "653", "name": "CPIA Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "333724a.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t2pkr-xgh21/files/333724a.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "386_Culick_FE_1996.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t2pkr-xgh21/files/386_Culick_FE_1996.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1996", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Roh, T. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/b5ap4-80102", "eprint_id": 22069, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 06:52:40", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:32", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kendrick-D-W", "name": { "family": "Kendrick", "given": "D. W." } }, { "id": "Zsak-T-W", "name": { "family": "Zsak", "given": "T. W." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "An experimental and numerical investigation of premixed combustion in a vortex in a laboratory dump combustor", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1996 Kluwer Publishers. This research was funded by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant No. 89-0413, supervised by Dr. Julian Tishkoff. Thanks should also be given to F. E. Marble for his helpful suggestions.", "abstract": "A one dimensional acoustic model was used to predict the resonant modes of the Caltech pulsed combustion facility. The model accurately predicted pressure FFTs found through experiments for the 2.5 and 7.6 cm duct height configurations. Heat addition locations were found to have only marginal effects on shifting the location of the facility's acoustic modes. A detailed experimental analysis of the\nreacting vortex structures shed from a rearward facing step was also performed using high speed\nshadowgraph and CCD cinematography. Premixed vortical combustion was found to have two ignition\nmechanisms depending on the prior status within the combustor. In the first, burning was initiated at the\nsurface and proceeded toward the center while in the second ignition was initiated near the center and the\nflame propagated outward. Time delays measured from the start of vortex shedding to subsequent ignition\nor to the corresponding maximum burning intensity were found to vary inversely with combustor pressure\nduring injection (shedding) and with combustor pressure during burning. Reducing the height of the\ncombustor increased interactions between the burning vortex and the wall, inhibited vortex growth, and\nproduced longer axial burning regions and higher overall straining throughout the structure's cycle.\nVortex straining was defined in two ways: first, based on the growth rate of the core diameter of the\nstructure and second, based on the effective length of the streamline separating hot combustion products\nand cold reactants. Straining provided a sufficient delay mechanism to shift vortex shedding from 237 to\n188 Hz for the 5.1 cm case.", "date": "1996", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Kluwer Academic", "pagerange": "33-69", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-095101547", "isbn": "978-0-7923-3888-8", "book_title": "Unsteady Combustion", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-095101547", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "89-0413" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } }, { "id": "Heitor-M-V", "name": { "family": "Heitor", "given": "Manuel V." } }, { "id": "Whitelaw-J-H", "name": { "family": "Whitelaw", "given": "James H." } } ] }, "pub_year": "1996", "author_list": "Kendrick, D. W.; Zsak, T. W.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9h4at-43c55", "eprint_id": 21916, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 06:52:33", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:09", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion instabilities in propulsion systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers.", "abstract": "The purpose of this paper is to give a broad overview of the field of combustion instabilities in propulsion systems. Virtually all of the material included here has appeared elsewhere, either in primary research reports or in reviews. None of the propulsion systems are covered in great detail, but sufficiently to establish the fundamental point that while there are obvious practical\ndifferences among the systems, for understanding and treating combustion instabilities, much is to be gained by treating the various phenomena within a common framework. In that context, the systems are distinguished chiefly by geometry and the kinds of propellants used. On that basis, a general framework can be constructed to serve both practical and theoretical purposes.", "date": "1996", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Kluwer Academic Publishers", "place_of_pub": "Boston", "pagerange": "173-241", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110128-112158907", "isbn": "978-0-7923-3888-8", "book_title": "Unsteady Combustion", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110128-112158907", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Heitor-M-V", "name": { "family": "Heitor", "given": "Manuel V." } }, { "id": "Whitelaw-J-H", "name": { "family": "Whitelaw", "given": "James H." } } ] }, "pub_year": "1996", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h7a7k-we478", "eprint_id": 20921, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 06:52:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:31", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Swenson-G", "name": { "family": "Swenson", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Pun-W", "name": { "family": "Pun", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear Unsteady Motions and NOx Production in Gas Turbine Combustors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1996, Russian Academy of Sciences. This work was partially supported by the California Institute of Technology; and by CRTNENEL,\nPisa, Italy (Dr. G. Benelli, program manager).\n\nPublished - 387_Swenson_GP_1996.pdf
", "abstract": "Chiefly for improved efficiency, the trend to increasing use of gas turbine engines in stationary\npowerplants has been firmly established. The requirement for minimum NOx production has motivated\noperation as close as practically possible near the lean flammability limit, to reduce flame temperatures and\nconsequently reduce formation of nitrogen oxides via the Zeldovich thermal mechanism. However,\nexperience has shown that under these conditions, stability of the chamber is compromised, often leading\nto the presence of sustained oscillations in the combustor. That possibility raises the problem of the\ninfluence of oscillatory motions on the production of nitrogen oxides. Numerically calculating these\ninfluences for a complex geometry gas turbine combustor is too computationally expensive at this ?me.\nNonlinear analytical methods making use of these influences are a promising direction for simplei ways to\ndesign and develop operational gas turbine combustors. However, this analysis needs results on which to\nbase unsteady models of the interaction between nonlinear oscillations and species production within a gas\nturbine combustor. In this paper, two methods are explored briefly as an initial step. The first is based on\na configuration of perfectly stirred and plug flow reactors to approximate the flow in a combustion\nchamber. A complete representation of the chemical processes is accommodated, but the geometry is\nsimplified. The second is a full numerical simulation for a realistic geometry, but at this stage the\nchemistry is simplified.", "date": "1996", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Russian Academy of Sciences", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-141141495", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-141141495", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "California Institute of Technology" }, { "agency": "CRTN-ENEL" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "387", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "387_Swenson_GP_1996.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h7a7k-we478/files/387_Swenson_GP_1996.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1996", "author_list": "Swenson, G.; Pun, W.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6gmq7-q4c82", "eprint_id": 22011, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:53:12", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:36:24", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Budzinski-J-M", "name": { "family": "Budzinski", "given": "J. M." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "An experimental study of the flow after shock interactions with cylindrical helium inhomegeneities", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1995, Los Alamos Laboratory.\n\nAccepted Version - 375_Budzinski_JM.pdf
", "abstract": "A shock traveling in air interacts with a laminar jet of\nhelium flowing normal to the direction of shock\npropagation. Planar laser Rayleigh scattering is used\nto study the deformation and motion of the originally\ncircular jet cross-section. The velocity of the jet\nbefore the shock interaction is much less than the\nvelocities generated by the shock wave. Thus, the\nhelium jet serves to create a cylindrical bubble of a\nlighter density gas imbedded in a heavier one. Four\ndifferent shock Mach numbers (1.066, 1.14, 1.5, and\n2.0) are studied. Two different jet/air density ratios\nare examined by using pure helium in the jet in one\ncase, and a mixture of airlhelium in the other. After\nthe shock interaction, a vortex pair forms from the baroclinically generated vorticity. The experiments\nmeasure the velocity of the helium relative to the\nsurrounding air, the spacing between the vortex\ncores, and the circulation of the vortices.\nExperiments viewing the reflected shock interaction\nare also performed. Excellent agreement is found\nwith previous computational studies.", "date": "1995-05-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-100414048", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-100414048", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "LA-UR-95-317", "name": "Los Alamos" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "375_Budzinski_JM.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6gmq7-q4c82/files/375_Budzinski_JM.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Budzinski, J. M.; Marble, F. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/anqwm-vpa16", "eprint_id": 20929, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:27:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lee-H-H", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Ho-Hoon" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A robust decoupled adaptive control of robots", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1995 Taylor & Francis Ltd. Received 1 February 1992. Revised 25 July 1994. Communicated by Professor P. A. Ioannou. The authors would like to thank Professors Joel Burdick, Thomas Caughey,\nand Athanasios Sideris at Caltech, and Dr Homayoun Seraji at the Jet\nPropulsion Laboratory, for valuable discussions, comments and suggestions. This work was supported partly by Caltech funds and partly by the Caltech/JPL Director's Discretionary Fund.", "abstract": "A decoupled adaptive scheme is proposed for the trajectory control of robots.\nUnder moderate constraints, the scheme is stable and robust in the presence of\nfeedback delay and signal hold due to digital computation in the control loop.\nThe design procedure involves a search for compensators with the aim of\nminimizing a quadratic performance index in order to minimize the maximum\ntracking error. Stability analysis of the proposed control law (the selected\ncompensators) then provides stability bounds of disturbances, control and\nadaptation gains, and desired trajectories and their time-derivatives. The region\nof attraction is local due to unmodelled dynamics.", "date": "1995-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "International Journal of Control", "volume": "61", "number": "2", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "309-331", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-080359296", "issn": "0020-7179", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-080359296", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Caltech/JPL Director's Discretionary Fund" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00207179508921905", "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Lee, Ho-Hoon and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k78eh-6hz86", "eprint_id": 20928, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:01:46", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:42", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } }, { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Vigor" } } ] }, "title": "Overview of Combustion Instabilities in Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1995 by F. E. C. Culick and V. Yang. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission. The authors are indebted to Josef M. Wicker for many helpful discussions of feedback loop of combustion instability.\n\nPublished - 380_Culick_FEC_1995.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1995", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeonautics and Astrophysics", "place_of_pub": "Washington, DC", "pagerange": "3-37", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-074028101", "isbn": "978-1-60086-418-6", "book_title": "Liquid Rocket Engine Combustion Instability", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-074028101", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Anderson-W", "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "W." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "380_Culick_FEC_1995.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k78eh-6hz86/files/380_Culick_FEC_1995.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Culick, Fred E. C. and Yang, Vigor" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/57xdm-n0777", "eprint_id": 20911, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:01:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:35:04", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Properties of fire plumes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1995 Academic Press Ltd.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1995", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Academic Press", "pagerange": "101-219", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-084519588", "isbn": "0121942309", "book_title": "Combustion Fundamentals of Fire", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-084519588", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "370", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Cox-G", "name": { "family": "Cox", "given": "G." } } ] }, "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/29nb3-1cm26", "eprint_id": 20920, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 05:01:42", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:38", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Burnley-V-S", "name": { "family": "Burnley", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Swenson-G", "name": { "family": "Swenson", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Pulsed Instabilities in Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1995, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nThis work was partly supported by the Palace\nKnight Program of the U. S. Air Force, and partly\nby the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,\nCalifornia.\n\nPublished - 378_Burnley_VS_1995.pdf
", "abstract": "A pulsed or \"triggered\" instability occurs when pressure\noscillations develop in a linearly stable combustion\nsystem after being subjected to a sufficiently\nlarge disturbance. Such true nonlinear instabilities\nusually occur as subcritical bifurcations in dynamical\nsystems theory. Understanding which nonlinear\nprocesses can lead to subcritical bi~urcations is\nthe focus of this work. Earlier work with the approximate\nanalysis used here has shown convincingly\nthat nonlinear acoustics alone does not contain the\nphenomenon of pulsed instabilities; evidently some\nother nonlinear contribution must also be included.\nAn extensive experimental and numerical investigation\nconducted by Baum and Levine strongly suggests\nthat nonlinear combustion is required. Using\nmodels of pressure and velocity coupling, the current\nwork studies the effect of nonlinear combustion\non the behavior of the system.", "date": "1995", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-133446852", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101119-133446852", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Palace Knight Program of the U. S. Air Force" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1995-2430", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "378_Burnley_VS_1995.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/29nb3-1cm26/files/378_Burnley_VS_1995.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1995", "author_list": "Burnley, V.; Swenson, G.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0yk6p-xeq68", "eprint_id": 21017, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 04:23:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:41:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "Craig C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Application of dynamical systems theory to nonlinear combustion instabilities", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1994 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Presented as Paper 93-0114 at the AIAA 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NY, Jan. 11-14, 1993; received Aug. 5, 1993; revision received Nov. 4, 1993; accepted for publication Nov. 19.1993.\n\nPublished - 376_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf
", "abstract": "Two important approximations have been incorporated in much or the work with approximate analysis or\nunsteady motions in combustion chambers: 1) truncation of the series expansion to a finite number or modes,\nand 2) time-averaging. A major purpose or the present analysis is to investigate the limitations or those approximations.\nA continuation method Is used to determine the limit cycle behavior or the time-dependent\namplitudes or the longitudinal acoustic modes in a combustion chamber. The results show that time-averaging\nworks well only when the system Is slightly unstable. In addition, the stability boundaries predicted by the twomode\napproximation are shown to be artifacts of the truncation of the system. Systems of two, four. and six\nmodes are analyzed and show that more modes are needed to analyze more unstable systems. For the six-mode\napproximation with an unstable second-mode, two birurcations are found to exist: 1) a pitchfork bifurcation\nleading to a new branch of limit cycles, and 2) a torus bifurcation leading to quasiperiodic motions.", "date": "1994-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Propulsion and Power", "volume": "10", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "pagerange": "508-517", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101124-101555564", "issn": "0748-4658", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101124-101555564", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "93-0114", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "376_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0yk6p-xeq68/files/376_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Jahnke, Craig C. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n9268-8gp54", "eprint_id": 21004, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 09:54:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:40:15", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Mass Flux In Fire Plumes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Mass flux, entrainment; diffusion flame, fire plume.", "note": "\u00a9 1994, International Association for Fire Safety Science. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Building and Fire Research Institute, and the National Institute of Science and Technology under the guidance of Dr. L. Cooper.", "abstract": "A review is given of data that describe the mass flux of gas in large buoyant diffusion flames, with the aim of developing a rational picture for this process as well as a correlation of the data. A brief review of flame-height scaling parameters is followed by a discussion of measurement techniques, the previous work on far-field and fire-plume models, and a description of an effort to develop a rational entrainment model.", "date": "1994-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "International Association for Fire Safety Science", "pagerange": "137-147", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-144201485", "isbn": "1-886279-00-4", "book_title": "Fire Safety Science-Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-144201485", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Building and Fire Research Institute" }, { "agency": "National Institute of Science and Technology" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "367", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Kashiwagi-T", "name": { "family": "Kashiwagi", "given": "Takashi" } } ] }, "doi": "10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.4-137", "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fq7kp-sgw33", "eprint_id": 21003, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 04:06:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:40:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ton-V-T", "name": { "family": "Ton", "given": "V. T." } }, { "id": "Karagozian-Ann-R", "name": { "family": "Karagozian", "given": "A. R." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } }, { "id": "Osher-Stanley-J", "name": { "family": "Osher", "given": "S. J." } }, { "id": "Engquist-B-E", "name": { "family": "Engquist", "given": "B. E." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical Simulations of High-Speed Chemically Reacting Flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1994 Springer-Verlag. \n\nReceived 12 March 1993 and accepted 10 September 1993. \n\nCommunicated by Ashwani Kapila. \n\nThis work has been supported by the Aerospace Corporation through a Corporate Fellowship, by NASA Dryden Flight Research Center under Grant NCC 2-374, by ONR Grant N00014-86-K-0691, by NSF Grant DMS 88-11863, and by a DARPA Grant in the ACMP Program.", "abstract": "The essentially nonoscillatory (ENO) shock-capturing scheme for the solution of hyperbolic\nequations is extended to solve a system of coupled conservation equations governing\ntwo-dimensional, time-dependent, compressible chemically reacing flow with full chemistry. The\nthermodynamic properties of the mixture are modeled accurately, and stiff kinetic terms are\nseparated from the fluid motion by a fractional step algorithm. The methodology is used to study\nthe concept of shock-induced mixing and combustion, a process by which the interaction of a\nshock wave with a jet of low-density hydrogen fuel enhances mixing through streamwise vorticity\ngeneration. Test cases with and without chemical reaction are explored here. Our results indicate\nthat, in the temperature range examined, vorticity generation as well as the distribution of atomic\nspecies do not change significantly with the introduction of a chemical reaction and subsequent\nheat release. The actual diffusion of hydrogen is also relatively unaffected by the reaction process.\nThis suggests that the fluid mechanics of this problem may be successfully decoupled from the\ncombustion processes, and that computation of the mixing problem (without combustion chemistry)\ncan elucidate much of the important physical features of the flow.", "date": "1994-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics", "volume": "6", "number": "2-3", "publisher": "Springer", "pagerange": "161-179", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-142807198", "issn": "0935-4964", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-142807198", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Aerospace Corporation" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NCC 2-374" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-86-K-0691" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "DMS 88-11863" }, { "agency": "Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/BF00312347", "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Ton, V. T.; Karagozian, A. R.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/afnhh-zb393", "eprint_id": 20981, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:53:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:38:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-Joseph", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Joseph" } }, { "id": "Kubota-Toshi", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } } ] }, "title": "The Steady Motion of a Symmetric, Finite Core Size, Counterrotating Vortex Pair", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "vortex pair, perturbation analysis, normalized velocity, boundary shape, steady state", "note": "\u00a9 1994 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. \n\nReceived by the editors November 30, 1992; accepted for publication (in revised form) March 16 1993. T\n\nhis work was supported by U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-86-C-0113 and grant AFOSR-90-0188. The first author was supported by an Office of Naval Research Graduate Fellowship.\n\nPublished - 358_Joseph_Y_1994.pdf
", "abstract": "The steady motion of a symmetric, finite core size, counterrotating vortex pair is characterized\nby circulation r, a velocity V, and a spacing 2x_\u221e. In the classical limit of a point vortex, the normalized\nvelocity, vx_\u221e/r, is 1/(4\u03c0). The effect of finite core size is to reduce the normalized velocity below the\nvalue for a point vortex. The flow is governed by a single geometrical parameter R/x_\u221e, the ratio of effective\nvortex size to vortex half-spacing. Perturbation analysis is used to derive general, closed-form analytical\nsolutions for the complete velocity field, the vortex pair velocity, and the boundary shape for a continuum\nof values of R/x_\u221e. Both uniform and piecewise constant density cases are treated. These solutions illustrate\nthe different orders at which the solution deviates from the point vortex pair. For example, the vortex shape\nbecomes noncircular at order (R/x_\u221e)^2, but the normalized velocity does not change until order (R/x_\u221e)^5.\nFor the uniform density case, calculation of specific values of vortex pair velocity, aspect ratio, and gap ratio\nshows good agreement with previous numerical results.", "date": "1994-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics", "volume": "54", "number": "1", "publisher": "Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics", "pagerange": "14-25", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-110851054", "issn": "0036-1399", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-110851054", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-86-C-0113" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-90-0188" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "358", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1137/S0036139992240917", "primary_object": { "basename": "358_Joseph_Y_1994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/afnhh-zb393/files/358_Joseph_Y_1994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Yang, Joseph and Kubota, Toshi" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wxe51-w8b40", "eprint_id": 20979, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:41:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:38:30", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "C. C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Application of Bifurcation Theory to the High-Angle-of-Attack Dynamics of the F-14", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Received Feb. 12, 1992; revision received Oct. 6, 1992; accepted for publication Oct. 7, 1992. This work was partly supported by CALTECH funds and\npartly supported by Grant NCCZ-429 from NASA Ames\nDryden Flight Research Center. The F-14 aerodynamic model\nwas supplied by Joe Gera, Acting Assistant Branch Chief,\nVehicle Technical Branch, NASA Ames Dryden Flight Research\nCenter.\n\nPublished - 357_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf
", "abstract": "Bifurcation theory has been used to study Ihe nonlinear dynamics of the F-14. An 8 degree-of-freedom model\nthat does not include the control system present in operational F-14's has been analyzed. The aerodynamic\nmodel, supplied by NASA, includes nonlinearlties as functions of the angles of attack and sideslip, the rotation\nrate about the velocity vector, and the elevator deflection. A continuation method has been used to calculate\nthe steady states of the F -14 as continuous functions of the elevator deflection. Bifurcations of these steady states\nhave been used to predict the onset of wing rock, spiral divergence, and jump phenomena that cause the aircraft\nto enter a spin. A simple feedback control system was designed to eliminate the wing rock and spiral divergence\ninstabilities. The predictions were verified with numerical simulations.", "date": "1994-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Aircraft", "volume": "31", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "pagerange": "26-34", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-102858346", "issn": "0021-8669", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-102858346", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Ames Dryden Flight Research Center", "grant_number": "NCCZ-429" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "357", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "357_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wxe51-w8b40/files/357_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Jahnke, C. C. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/baerr-sen06", "eprint_id": 20975, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:41:15", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:38:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Some Recent Results for Nonlinear Acoustics in Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Received Jan. 15, 1991; revision received May 10, 1993; accepted for publication May 11, 1993. Presented as Paper 90-39.27 at the AIAA 13th Aeroacoustics Conference, Tallahassee, FL, Oct. 22-24, 1990.\nMost of the work described here, both mine and that of others, has been supported for many years, at variable levels, by the Air Force, Navy, and NASA. My students and I have received much support from the California Institute of Technology and currently by the Office of Naval Research, Grant NOOO14-89-J-17S3. I have personally benefitted greatly from close collaborations in the recent past with Jay Levine of the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory; Vigor Yang and Leonidas Paparizos, Pennsylvania State University and Carnegie-Mellon University, respectively; Craig Jahnke, Clarkson University; and James Sterling, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 356_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1994-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "32", "number": "1", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "146-169", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-094949189", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-094949189", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force" }, { "agency": "Navy" }, { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-89-J-17S3" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.11962", "primary_object": { "basename": "356_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/baerr-sen06/files/356_Culick_FEC_1994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/skxde-6xn90", "eprint_id": 20999, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:29:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:39:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lee-H-H", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Ho-Hoon" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Design of robust adaptive control law for robotic manipulators", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Received January 31,1992; accepted March 4, 1993; revised June 4, 1993. The authors would like to thank Professors Joel Burdick, Thomas Caughey, and Athanasios Sideris at Caltech, and Dr. Homayoun Seraji at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for valuable discussions, comments, and suggestions. This work was supported partly by Caltech funds and partly by the Caltech/JPL Director's Discretionary Fund.", "abstract": "In this article, a robust adaptive control scheme for robotic manipulators is designed based on the concept of performance index and Lyapunov's second method. Compensators are selected for a given feedback system by using a quadratic performance index. Then the stability of the system is proven based on Lyapunov's method, where a Lyapunov function and its time-derivative are derived from the selected compensators. In the process of stabilization, stability bounds are obtained for disturbances, control gains, adaptation gains, and desired trajectories, in the presence of feedback delay due to digital computation and first-order hold in the control loop.", "date": "1994", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Robotic Systems", "volume": "11", "number": "4", "publisher": "Wiley", "pagerange": "241-255", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-141347474", "issn": "0741-2223", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-141347474", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Caltech/JPL Director's Discretionary Fund" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "364", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/rob.4620110402", "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Lee, Ho-Hoon and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/en7k6-b5996", "eprint_id": 21006, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:29:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:40:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Gasdynamic enhancement of nonpremixed combustion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1994 Combustion Institute Published by Elsevier B.V. Publication History: Formerly known as Symposium on Combustion and Flame, and Explosion Phenomena; Continued as Proceedings of the Combustion Institute.", "abstract": "To promote efficient performance of very high speed air-breathing propulsion systems, the combustor Mach number must be of the order of six for a flight Mach number of 18. Because of this high gas speed through the combustor, mixing rates of hydrogen fuel with air must be very rapid in order to allow a combustor of reasonable length. It is proposed to enhance the rate of mixing and combustion of hydrogen and air, and thereby reduce combustor length, through the introduction of streamwise vorticity generated by the interaction of a weak oblique shock wave with the density gradient between air and a cylindrical jet of hydrogen.\n\nBecause of the high Mach number flow in the combustor, the oblique shock traverses the jet at a small angle with respect to the free stream direction, and the principle of slender body theory allows one conceptually to replace the three-dimensional steady flow with a two-dimensional unsteady flow. As a consequence, two-dimensional time-dependent computational studies and an extensive experimental shock tube investigation were employed to assess mixing rates for the steady flow in the combustor. The results indicated that under realistic conditions, adequate mixing could be accomplished within 1 ms, a rate that was technologically interesting.\n\nEncouraged by these experiments, a \"practical\" injector, utilizing shock-enhanced mixing, was designed for a combustor having a free stream Mach number of 6.0. A detailed aerodynamic and mixing investigation was carried out in the Mach 6 High Reynolds Number Tunnel at the NASA-Langley Research Center. The results confirmed both the details and the overall effectiveness of the shock-enhanced mixing concept.", "date": "1994", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "25", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1-12", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-150925263", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-150925263", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "372", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80621-1", "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9y4fm-ht575", "eprint_id": 20996, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:29:25", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:51", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "Craig C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear Energy Transport Between Longitudinal Acoustic Modes in Cylindrical Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1994 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,\nInc.\n\nPublished - 363_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf
", "abstract": "The second order nonlinear longitudinal acoustics\nin a cylindrical combustion chamber are studied\nfor the case of an unstable second mode. A modal\nanalysis is undertaken and a continuation method\nis used to determine the limit cycle behavior of the\ntime dependent amplitudes of the acoustic modes\nas functions of the linear stability of the unstable\nacoustic mode. It is shown that if an insufficient\nnumber of modes are included in the truncated system,\nbifurcations of the primary limit cycle occur.\nThe energy in the limit cycles is analyzed and the\nbifurcations are shown to occur as a means of increasing\nthe amount of energy transfer out of the\nunstable acoustic mode and into the stable acoustic\nmodes through the nonlinear terms.", "date": "1994", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-135307146", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-135307146", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "94-3190", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "363_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9y4fm-ht575/files/363_Jahnke_CC_1994.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1994", "author_list": "Jahnke, Craig C. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j4w57-8hy62", "eprint_id": 20994, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:20:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:39:35", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Aerospace Propulsion Technology\u2014A Fertile Source of Issues in Basic Fluid Mechanics", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1993 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Richard L. and Dorothy M. Hayman Professor Emeritus, Mechanical Engineering and Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.\n\nPublished - 361_Marble_FE_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "[No abstract]", "date": "1993-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Fluids Engineering", "volume": "115", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Society of Mechanical Engineers", "pagerange": "545-546", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-134419710", "issn": "0098-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-134419710", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1115/1.2910176", "primary_object": { "basename": "361_Marble_FE_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j4w57-8hy62/files/361_Marble_FE_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m125p-ja609", "eprint_id": 20991, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 03:20:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:39:24", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "Response of a Thin Airfoil Encountering a Strong Density\n Discontinuity", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1993, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. \n\nDedicated to Professor W. R Sears on the occasion of his 80th birthday. Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received by the Fluids Engineering Division June 29, 1993; revised manuscript received September 23, 1993. Associate Technical Editor: D. P. Telionis.\n\nPublished - 360_Marble_FE_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "Airfoil theory for unsteady motion has been developed extensively assuming the undisturbed medium to be of uniform density, a restriction accurate for motion in the atmosphere, Glauert (1929), Burgers (1935), Theodorsen (1935), Kussner (1936), Karman and Sears (1938), Kinney and Sears (1975). In some instances, notably for airfoils comprising fan, compressor and turbine blade rows, the undisturbed medium may carry density variations or \"spots,\" resulting from non-uniformaties in temperature or composition, of a size comparable to the blade chord. This condition existsfor turbine blades, Marble (1975), Giles and Krouthen (1988), immediately downstream of the main burner of a gas turbine engine where the density fluctuations of the order of 50 percent may occur. Disturbances of a somewhat smaller magnitude arise from the ingestion of hot boundary layers into fans, Wortman (1975), and exhaust into hovercraft. Because these regions of non-uniform density convect with the moving medium, the airfoil experiences a time varying load and moment which we propose to calculate.", "date": "1993-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Fluids Engineering", "volume": "115", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Society of Mechanical Engineers", "pagerange": "580-589", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-132225533", "issn": "0098-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-132225533", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "360", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1115/1.2910183", "primary_object": { "basename": "360_Marble_FE_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m125p-ja609/files/360_Marble_FE_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Marble, F. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7sdw0-ejx38", "eprint_id": 20967, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:38:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:37:48", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-Joseph", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Joseph" } }, { "id": "Kubota-Toshi", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Applications of Shock-Induced Mixing to Supersonic Combustion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Received Oct. 2, 1991; revision received Sept. 28, 1992; accepted for publication Oct. 8, 1992. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch, under the supervision of Julian Tishkoff,\nthrough Contract F49620-86-C-0113 and Grant AFOSR-90-\n0188. It was also supported by the National Science Foundation through a Cray supercomputer grant at the San Diego Supercomputer Center. Joseph Yang was supported by the\nOffice of Naval Research through an ONR Graduate Fellowship.\nThe authors would like to thank Elaine S. Oran, of the\nNaval Research Laboratory, for providing the algorithm used\nin the numerical simulations.\n\nPublished - 355_Yang_J_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "Families of two-dimensional, unsteady shock-induced vortical flows are simulated numerically. The flows\nconsist of one or more regions of light gas, surrounded by heavy gas, being overtaken by a normal shock wave.\nThe interaction of the density gradient at each light/heavy interface with the pressure gradient from the shock\nwave generates vorticity. This causes the light gas regions to roll up into one or more counter-rotating vortex\npairs, which stir and mix the light and heavy gases. The mixing is characterized by an asymptotic stretching rate.\nThe effects of shock strength, light/heavy gas density ratio, and geometry on the mixing are investigated. These\ntwo-dimensional, unsteady flows are analogous to three-dimensional, steady flows that may be used in\nSCRAMJET combustors demanding rapid and efficient mixing of fuel and oxidizer. For such applications, 1)\nthe fuel injectors should be elongated in the direction of the shock; 2) multiple smaller injectors are preferable\nto a single larger injector; 3) injectors should be arranged in groups of closely spaced pairs, rather than\nuniformly; and 4) multiple shock waves should be utilized, if possible.", "date": "1993-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "31", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "pagerange": "854-862", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-081927940", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101123-081927940", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-86-C-0113" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-90-0188" }, { "agency": "NSF/San Diego Supercomputer Center" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.11696", "primary_object": { "basename": "355_Yang_J_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7sdw0-ejx38/files/355_Yang_J_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Yang, Joseph; Kubota, Toshi; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rcvc5-1kx76", "eprint_id": 20941, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:24:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:36:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sterling-J-D", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "James D." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear Analysis and Modeling of Combustion Instabilities in a Laboratory Combustor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "nonlinear dynamics, combustion instabilities, pulsed combustion", "note": "\u00a9 1993 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. Received February 12, 1991; in final form March 6, 1992. I would like to thank Professors Fred Culick and Edward Zukoski at the Caltech Jet Propulsion Center\nfor many helpful discussions concerning this work. The research was supported by the Air Force Office of\nScientific Research under the technical management of Dr. J. Tishkoff. The current address of the author\nis Center for Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545", "abstract": "The spectra of pressure oscillations in combustion chambers often contain large peaks at frequencies\ncorresponding to chamber acoustic modes. Pulsed combustors are designed to operate with fixed amplitude\noscillations but in many systems the oscillations have undesirable consequences. An understanding of the\nnonlinear mechanisms responsible for the limiting-amplitude behavior is therefore desired. This paper is\ndivided into two parts. First, characterization of the oscillations in terms of attractors in mathematical phase\nspace has been performed on pressure signals measured in a laboratory combustor of premixed gases. The\nresults for one set of operating conditions show a quasiperiodic attractor of dimension two over an order of\nmagnitude of scales. Next, the nonlinear combustion response to oscillations of a single acoustic mode are\nused to model autonomous or 'self-excited' behavior. Two simple models of nonlinear combustion processes\nobserved in the laboratory combustor result in unstable oscillations that reach limiting-amplitudes. With the\nvariation of model parameters, the periodic limit cycles undergo subharmonic bifurcations and transition to\nchaos.", "date": "1993-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "89", "number": "1-4", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "167-179", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-111659876", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-111659876", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209308924107", "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Sterling, James D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/brxas-81y81", "eprint_id": 20938, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:01:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:48", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "Craig C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "An Application of Dynamical Systems Theory to Nonlinear Combustion Instabilities", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a91993 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. For permission to copy or republish, contact the American InstHute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\n\nPublished - 338_Jahnke_CC_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "Two important approximations have been incorporated\nin much of the work with approximate\nanalysis of unsteady motions in combustion chambers:\ntruncation of the series expansion to a finite\nnumber of modes, and time averaging. A major\npurpose of the analysis reported in this paper has\nbeen to investigate the limitations of those approximations.\nIn particular two fundamental problems\nof nonlinear behavior are discussed: the conditions\nunder which stable limit cycles of a linearly unstable\nsystem may exist; and conditions under which bifurcations\nof the limit cycle may occur. A continuation\nmethod is used to determine the limit cycle behavior\nof the equations representing the time dependent\namplitudes of the longitudinal acoustic modes\nin a cylindrical combustion chamber. The system\nincludes all linear processes and second-order nonlinear\ngas dynamics. The results presented show\nthat time averaging works well only when the system\nis, in some sense, only slightly unstable. In\naddition, the stability boundaries predicted by the\ntwo-mode approximation are shown to be artifacts\nof the truncation of the system. Systems of two,\nfour, and six modes are analyzed and show that\nmore modes are needed to analyze more unstable\nsystems. For the six-mode approximation with an\nunstable second mode two bifurcations are found to\nexist. A pitchfork bifurcation causes a new branch\nof limit cycles to exist in which the odd acoustic\nmodes are excited. This new branch of limit cycles\nthen undergoes a torus bifurcation that causes the\nsystem to exhibit stable quasi-periodic motions.", "date": "1993", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American InstHute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-100414304", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-100414304", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "93-0114", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "338_Jahnke_CC_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/brxas-81y81/files/338_Jahnke_CC_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Jahnke, Craig C. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/eanc0-2ay46", "eprint_id": 21291, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:01:11", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:50", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kornve-N", "name": { "family": "Kornev", "given": "Nikolai" } }, { "id": "Matveev-K-I", "name": { "family": "Matveev", "given": "Konstantin" } } ] }, "title": "Complex numerical modeling of dynamics and crashes of wing-in-ground vehicles", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Wing-In-Ground craft", "note": "\u00a9 2003 by the authors. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission.\n\nAccepted Version - Kornev_N_Complex_Numerical_modeling.pdf
", "abstract": "The Wing-In-Ground craft (WIG), a vehicle flying in\nthe ground effect, is a promising transportation means\nof the near future. This paper describes mathematical\nmodeling of WIG motion in all regimes, such as\nplaning, take-off, transition to flight, and flight itself.\nThe model, which includes nonlinear hydroaerodynamics,\nserves as a base for simulation of\nmotion. The theory developed here enhances the\nprocess of designing WIG vehicles; its advantages and\ndisadvantages are discussed. The results of numerical\nmodeling are compared with experimental data\nobtained for planing and flight regimes of motion. The\nmodel is applied for studying emergency problems in\nWIG operation.", "date": "1993", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-094204604", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-094204604", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "2003-600", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Kornev_N_Complex_Numerical_modeling.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/eanc0-2ay46/files/Kornev_N_Complex_Numerical_modeling.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Kornev, Nikolai and Matveev, Konstantin" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hdb1-b3j78", "eprint_id": 22034, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:01:15", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:44", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Oscillatory and unsteady processes in liquid rocket engines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1993. This review is based on work accomplished with many students and colleagues in the past twenty-five\nyears. Support has been provided chiefly by NASA, the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Air Force, consulting arrangements\nwith various firms in the rocket industry, and by the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 359_Cukick_FEC_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1993", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-085016646", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-085016646", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "U.S. Navy" }, { "agency": "U.S. Air Force" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "359_Cukick_FEC_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hdb1-b3j78/files/359_Cukick_FEC_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8bnap-jzf96", "eprint_id": 21030, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:01:06", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:41:53", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-J-W", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "J. W." } } ] }, "title": "Shock accelerated cylindrical gas inhomogeneities. Part 2 - A heavy gas cylinder", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1993. The author wishes to thank Professors EE. Marble, E.E. Zukoski and B. Sturtevant for their help and support with this research. Credit is due to Dr. R. Miake-Lye for his help with laser induced fluorescence system. Professor C.H.K. Williamson also deserves credit for his helpful comments and suggestions during the preparation of this paper. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-C-0113.\n\nSubmitted - 326_Jacobs_JW_1993.pdf
", "abstract": "Experiments have been carried out in which a cylindrical volume of a heavy gas is impulsively\naccelerated by a weak shock wave. A laminar jet of sulphur hexafluoride (SF_6) is used to produce\nthe heavy gas cylinder. Planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) is used to visualize the flow. In\nviewing the PLIF images it is discovered that the vorticity that early on resides on the boundary\nbetween the two gasses, separates from the cylinder to form a pair of vortices. Subsequently these\nvortices wrap the heavy gas around them. This process is quite different from what is observed\nwhen the cylinder is lighter than its surroundings. Similar experiments with helium (part 1 of this\nseries) showed that a small amount light gas stays with the vorticity, eventually becoming part of\nthe vortex cores. A simple model capable of explaining these differences is presented. In addition,\nthe displacement of the jet cross section is measured and agrees reasonably well with previous\nexperimental and computational results.", "date": "1993", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-083502142", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-083502142", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-C-0113" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "326_Jacobs_JW_1993.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8bnap-jzf96/files/326_Jacobs_JW_1993.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1993", "author_list": "Jacobs, J. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h3dcj-91x40", "eprint_id": 21035, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 01:39:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:42:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Beran-P-S", "name": { "family": "Beran", "given": "Philip S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "The role of non-uniqueness in the development of vortex breakdown in tubes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 Cambridge University Press. Received December 7 1990. Revised January 10 1992. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch through grant 2301-D2 and the supercomputer resources provided by the Ohio Supercomputer Center through Grant PIS003-1. We would also like to thank the editor and referees for their helpful contributions, especially in the formulation of the pipe wall boundary conditions on vorticity.\n\nPublished - 330_Beran_PS_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "Numerical solutions of viscous, swirling flows through circular pipes of constant radius and circular pipes with throats have been obtained. Solutions were computed for several values of vortex circulation, Reynolds number and throat/inlet area ratio, under the assumptions of steady flow, rotational symmetry and frictionless flow at the pipe wall. When the Reynolds number is sufficiently large, vortex breakdown occurs abruptly with increased circulation as a result of the existence of non-unique solutions. Solution paths for Reynolds numbers exceeding approximately 1000 are characterized by an ensemble of three inviscid flow types: columnar (for pipes of constant radius), soliton and wavetrain. Flows that are quasi-cylindrical and which do not exhibit vortex breakdown exist below a critical circulation, dependent on the Reynolds number and the throat/inlet area ratio. Wavetrain solutions are observed over a small range of circulation below the critical circulation, while above the critical value, wave solutions with large regions of reversed flow are found that are primarily solitary in nature. The quasi-cylindrical (QC) equations first fail near the critical value, in support of Hall's theory of vortex breakdown (1967). However, the QC equations are not found to be effective in predicting the spatial position of the breakdown structure.", "date": "1992-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Fluid Mechanics", "volume": "242", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "pagerange": "491-527", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-102843529", "issn": "0022-1120", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-102843529", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "2301-D2" }, { "agency": "Ohio Supercomputer Center", "grant_number": "PIS003-1" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "330", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1017/S0022112092002477", "primary_object": { "basename": "330_Beran_PS_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h3dcj-91x40/files/330_Beran_PS_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Beran, Philip S. and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j63pr-mrn65", "eprint_id": 21031, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 01:27:36", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:55", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Budzinski-J-M", "name": { "family": "Budzinski", "given": "John M." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Rayleigh Scattering Measurements of Shock Enhanced Mixing", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 by John Budzinski. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. with permission.\n\nPublished - 332_Budzinski_JM_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "This investigation was concerned with the nuxmg\nwhich occurs after the unsteady interaction of a shock\nwave with a laminar jet of helium. The jet of helium was\ninjected normal to the direction of the propagation of the\nshock. The primary diagnostic, planar Rayleigh\nscattering, had sufficient spatial and temporal resolution\nto resolve the smallest diffusion scales present and\nallowed helium mole fractions to be measured in twodimensional\nplanes normal to the original jet flow\ndirection. The amount of molecular mixing was\nevaluated with a mass distribution function at increasing\ntimes after the shock interaction. The total masses of\nhelium contained in regions where the molar\nconcentration of helium was at least 30% and 50% were\nalso calculated. The shock Mach number was varied, and\nthe effect of a reflected shock was studied. It was found\nthat shock interactions can significantly increase the\nmixing between the air and helium. A rough collapse of\nthe mixing data occurs when time is normalized by the jet\nradius divided by the change in velocity of the air behind\nthe shock. An increase in the enhancement of mixing\noccurred after the interaction with the reflected shock.", "date": "1992-07", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-084947901", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-084947901", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1992-3546", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "332_Budzinski_JM_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j63pr-mrn65/files/332_Budzinski_JM_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Budzinski, John M.; Zukoski, Edward E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8ej75-5jx95", "eprint_id": 21851, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 01:11:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:58", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Paparizos-Leonidas-G", "name": { "family": "Paparizos", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Sterling-J", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Burnley-V-S", "name": { "family": "Burnley", "given": "V." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion noise and combustion instabilities in propulsion systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992, AGARD. This work has been supported partly by the\nCalifornia Institute of Technology; by the Office of\nNaval Research; by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch; and by the National Aeronautics and\nSpace Administration.\n\nReprint - 331_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper is concerned with some aspects of non-linear behavior of unsteady motions in combustion chambers. The emphasis is on conditions under which organized oscillations having discrete frequencies may exist in the presence of random motions. In order to treat the two types of motions together, and particularly to investigate coupling between noise and combustion instabilities, the unsteady field is represented as a synthesis of acoustic modes having time-varying amplitudes. Each of the amplitudes are written as the sum of two parts, one associated with the random field and the remainder representing the organized oscillations. After spatial averaging, the general problem is reduced to solution of a set of second-order ordinary differential equations whose structure depends on the sorts of nonlinear processes accounted for. This formulation accommodates any physical process; in particular, terms are included to represent noise sources, although only limited modeling is discussed. Our results suggest that random sources of noise have only small effects on combustion instabilities and seem not to be a cause of unstable motions. However, the coupling between the two sorts of unsteady motions may be important as an essential process in a proposed scheme for noise control. It is now a familiar observation that many nonlinear deterministic systems are capable of exhibiting apparently random motions called 'chaos.' This is a particularly interesting possibility for systems which also executed non-deterministic random motions. In combustion chambers, a nonlinear deterministic system (acoustical motions) exists in the presence of noise produced by flow separation, turbulent motions, and energy released by combustion processes. The last part of the paper is directed to the matter of discovering whether or not chaotic motions exist in combustion systems. Analysis has not progressed sufficiently far to answer the question. We report here recent results of processing data taken in one combustor to determine the dimensions of any attractors in the motions. No evidence has been found for chaos in the strict sense, but the method seems to be an important means of investigating the nonlinear behavior of combustion systems.", "date": "1992-04", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "place_of_pub": "Neuilly sur Seine, France", "pagerange": "18-1", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-134650696", "isbn": "9789283506676", "book_title": "Combat aircraft noise = le bruit g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 par les avions de combat", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-134650696", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "NASA" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "331_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8ej75-5jx95/files/331_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C.; Paparizos, L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1s1ng-kxc10", "eprint_id": 21069, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:55:01", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:03", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Waitz-I-A", "name": { "family": "Waitz", "given": "Ian A." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "A Systematic Experimental and Computational Investigation of a Class of Contoured Wall Fuel Injectors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Inc. All rights reserved. Funding for this work was provided largely through NASA Grant NAG 1-842. The fundamentals of shock-enhanced mixing were developed earlier under Contract F49620-86-C-0113 administered by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The authors wish to thank many members of the technical staff at NASA Langley Research Center, particularly D. Bushnell, S. Robinson. M. Walsh, members of the Experimental Flow Physics Branch, and members of the Computational Methods Branch. The planar Rayleigh scattering data alluded to at several points in the discussion were the product of a collaborative effort with the Optical Spectroscopy Section of NASA Langley's Instrument Research Division. Supercomputing support was provided by the San Diego Supercomputer Center via a National Science Foundation Grant, the NASA Ames NAS facilities, the JPL/Caltech Cray, and the NASA Langley supercomputing facilities.\n\nPublished - 328_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "The performance of a particular class of fuel injectors for\nscramjet engine applications is addressed. The contoured\nwall injectors were aimed at augmenting mixing through\naxial vorticity production arising from interaction of the\nfueVair interface with an oblique shock. Helium was used to\nsimulate hydrogen fuel and was injected at Mach 1.7 into a\nMach 6 airstream. The effects of incoming boundary layer\nheight. injector spacing, and injectant to freestream pressure and velocity ratios were investigated. Results from threedimensional flow field surveys and Navier-Stokes\nsimulations are presented. Performance was judged in\nterms of mixing, loss generation and jet penetration.\nInjector performance was strongly dependent on the\ndisplacement effect of the hypersonic boundary layer which\nacted to modify the effective wall geometry. The impact of\nthe boundary layer varied with injector array spacing.\nWidely-spaced arrays were more resilient to the detrimental\neffects of large boundary layers. Strong dependence on\ninjectant to free stream pressure ratio was also displayed.\nPressure ratios near unity were most conducive to losseffective mixing and strong jet penetration. Effects due to variation in mean shear associated with non-unity velocity ratios were found to be secondary within the small range of values tested.", "date": "1992-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-132815278", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-132815278", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "92-0625", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "328_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1s1ng-kxc10/files/328_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Waitz, Ian A.; Marble, Frank E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p4vf2-r4s58", "eprint_id": 21064, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:54:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:44:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-J-W", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "J. W." } } ] }, "title": "Shock-induced mixing of a light-gas cylinder", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The author would like to acknowledge Professors F. K Marble and E. E. Zukoski for initiating the study of shock-enhanced mixing, and the subsequent shock tube experiments to study the mixing of helium inhomogeneities, of which this research was a part. The author is indebted to Professors Marble and Zukoski as well as Professor B. Sturtevant for their help, guidance and support with this research. Credit is due to Dr. R. lVIiake-Lye for his help with the laser-induced fluorescence system, and to Dr L. Hill, and Professors A. Glezer and C. H. K. Williamson their\nhelpful comments and suggestions during the preparation of this paper. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-C-0113, monitored by Dr J. Tishkoff. In addition, during 1987 and 1988 the author was supported by a Weizmann Fellowship.\n\nPublished - 325_Jacobs_JW_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "Experiments have been carried out to quantify the mixing induced by the interaction of a weak shock wave with a cylindrical volume of a gas (helium) that is lighter than its surroundings (air). In these experiments a round laminar jet was used to produce the light-gas cylinder, and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), utilizing a fluorescent tracer (biacetyl) mixed with the helium, was used to visualize the flow. These techniques provide a higher quality of flow visualization than that obtained in previous investigations. In addition, the PLIF technique could be used for the measurement of species concentration. The distortion of the helium cylinder produced by the passing shock wave was found to be similar to that displayed by images from previous experimental and computational investigations. The downstream\ndisplacement of several points on the boundary of the light-gas cylinder are measured and agree reasonably well with the results of earlier experimental and theoretical studies as well. Because the mixing process causes the helium originally contained within the cylinder to be dispersed into the surrounding air, the PLIF image area inside the contour at one half the maximum concentration of the\nfluorescent tracer decreases as the two gases mixed. The change in this area is used as a measure of the mixing rate, and it is found that the time rate of change of this\narea divided by the area of the initial jet is approximately - 0.7 X 10^3 S^(-1).", "date": "1992-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Fluid Mechanics", "volume": "234", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "pagerange": "629-649", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-112755754", "issn": "0022-1120", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-112755754", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "F49620-C-0113" }, { "agency": "Weizmann Fellowship" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "325", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1017/S0022112092000946", "primary_object": { "basename": "325_Jacobs_JW_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p4vf2-r4s58/files/325_Jacobs_JW_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Jacobs, J. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ew3g4-gn498", "eprint_id": 21070, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:42:39", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:05", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-Joseph", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Joseph" } }, { "id": "Kubota-Toshi", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "An analytical and computational investigation of shock-induced vortical flows", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991 by Joseph Yang. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. with permission. \n\nThis research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, under the supervision of Dr. Julian Tishkoff, through contract number F49620-86-C-0113 and grant number AFOSR-90-0188. It was also supported by the National Science Foundation through a Cray supercomputer grant at the San Diego Supercomputer Center. The first author was supported by the Office of Naval Research through an ONR Graduate Fellowship. The authors would like to thank Dr. Elaine S. Oran, of the Laboratory for Computational Physics at the Naval Research Laboratory, for providing the algorithm used in the numerical simulations.\n\nPublished - 329_Yang_J_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "Interaction of a shock wave with a jet of light gas\nsurrounded by an ambient heavy gas generates vorticity\naround the perimeter of the jet. This rolls the jet into\na pair of counterrotating, finite-core size vortices. The\ncanonical problem is the two-dimensional, unsteady interaction in a finite channel. The dynamics of the vortex\npair are controlled by the incident shock strength, the\nlight/heavy gas density ratio, and the channel spacing.\nAnalytical expressions are derived which describe the\nstrength and motion of the vortex pair as a function\nof these parameters. Numerical simulations shQw good\nagreement with these models. Various perturbations on\nthe single jet flow are investigated with the goal of destabilizing the vortex pair and further enhancing the mixing. Single jet shape perturbations are relatively ineffective. However, an array of jets can dramatically increase the mixing. Another effective method is to form a reflected shock. Finally, an analogy to the corresponding\nthree-dimensional, steady flows is demonstrated both\nqualitatively and quantitatively. This allows an understanding of the dynamics and mixing of the two imensional, unsteady flows to be directly applied to\nthree-dimensional, steady flows typical of SCRAMJET\ndesigns.", "date": "1992", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-135036760", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-135036760", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-86-C-0113" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-90-0188" }, { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "92-0316", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "329_Yang_J_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ew3g4-gn498/files/329_Yang_J_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Yang, Joseph; Kubota, Toshi; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/09awm-78a45", "eprint_id": 21063, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:42:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:44:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Morehart-J-H", "name": { "family": "Morehart", "given": "J. H." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Chemical Species Produced in Fires Near the Limit of\n Flammability", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1992 Elsevier.\n\nReceived 5 March 1990, revised version received 6 March 1991, accepted 10 May 1991. Available online 27 February 2003.", "abstract": "Sustaining a diffusion flame requires sufficient concentrations of fuel and oxidizer to maintain the combustion reaction. When the quantity of oxygen in the environment falls below a minimum value, combustion\nprocesses will be extinguished. An experimental technique is described which was used to determine the oxygen concentration in a vitiated environment of combustion products mixed with air which only just supports a large-scale diffusion flame. Measurements were taken of limiting oxygen concentrations and chemical species produced in fires\nnear this flammability limit for methane (natural gas) and ethylene fuels. As limiting conditions were approached, radiation from soot in the reaction zone became imperceptible, leaving only a weakly luminous blue flame. Even with significant reductions in both the flame\nheight and luminosity at these conditions, the fire completely consumed the fuel and generated no measurable amounts of products of incomplete combustion. A comparison of limiting oxygen concentrations and limiting flame temperatures for these experiments with the results of\nother investigations shows reasonably good agreement despite widely varying experimental techniques.", "date": "1992", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Fire Safety Journal", "volume": "19", "number": "2-3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "177-188", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-111539300", "issn": "0379-7112", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-111539300", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0379-7112(92)90032-8", "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Morehart, J. H.; Zukoski, E. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/10cdj-fj275", "eprint_id": 21891, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:42:49", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:02", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } } ] }, "title": "Prediction of the stability of unsteady motions in solid-propellant rocket motors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 by F. E. C. Culick and V. Yang. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission. The authors are indebted to S. I. Kim and M. Fuchs for their help in completing some of the calculations and to J. N. Levine for providing the\nnumerical code for the nonlinear combustion instability study. This work was partly supported by the California Institute of Technology and Pennsylvania State University.\n\nPublished - 335_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1992", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "place_of_pub": "Washington, DC", "pagerange": "719-779", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-152359532", "isbn": "978-1-56347-014-1", "book_title": "Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-152359532", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Pennsylvania State University" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "De-Luca-L", "name": { "family": "De-Luca", "given": "Luigi" } }, { "id": "Price-E-W", "name": { "family": "Price", "given": "Edward W." } }, { "id": "Summerfield-M", "name": { "family": "Summerfield", "given": "Martin" } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "335_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/10cdj-fj275/files/335_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Yang, V." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1n6-a6682", "eprint_id": 20934, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:42:27", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:46", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Waitz-I-A", "name": { "family": "Waitz", "given": "Ian A." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Vorticity Generation by Contoured Wall Injectors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1992 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,\nInc. Funding for this work was provided largely through NASA\nGrant NAG 1-842. The fundamentals of shock-enhanced\nmixing were developed earlier under Contract F49620-86-C-\n0113 administered by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch. The authors wish to thank many members of the\ntechnical staff at NASA Langley Research Center,\nparticularly D. Bushnell, S. Robinson, M. Walsh, members\nof the Experimental Flow Physics Branch, and members of\nthe Computational Methods Branch. Supercomputing\nsupport was provided by the San Diego Supercomputer\nCenter via a National Science Foundation Grant, the NASA\nAmes NAS facilities, the JPL/Caltech Cray, and the NASA\nLangley supercomputing facilities.\n\nPublished - 336_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf
", "abstract": "A class of contoured wall fuel injectors was designed to\nenable shock-enhancement of hypervelocity mixing for\nsupersonic combustion ramjet applications. Previous\nstudies of these geometries left unresolved questions\nconcerning the relative importance of various axial vorticity\nsources in mixing the injectant with the freestream. The\npresent study is a numerical simulation of two generic fuel\ninjectors which is aimed at elucidating the relative roles of\naxial vorticity sources including: baroclinic torque through\nshock-impingement, cross-stream shear, turning of\nboundary layer vorticity, shock curvature, and diffusive flux.\nBoth the magnitude of the circulation, and the location of\nvorticity with respect to the mixing interface were\nconsidered. Baroclinic torque and cross-stream shear were\nfound to be most important in convectively mixing the\ninjectant with the freestream, with the former providing for\ndeposition of vorticity directly on the fue1/air interface.", "date": "1992", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-094355204", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-094355204", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAG 1-842" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "F49620-86-C-0113" }, { "agency": "NSF" }, { "agency": "NASA Ames NAS facilities" }, { "agency": "JPL/Caltech Cray" }, { "agency": "NASA Langley supercomputing facilities" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "92-3550", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "336_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg1n6-a6682/files/336_Waitz_IA_1992.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1992", "author_list": "Waitz, Ian A.; Marble, Frank E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yh17a-hdm31", "eprint_id": 21058, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:05:34", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:01", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Waitz-I-A", "name": { "family": "Waitz", "given": "Ian-A" } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "An investigation of a contoured wall injector for hypervelocity mixing augmentation", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved. For permission to copy or republish, contact American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Funding for this work was provided largely through NASA Grant NAG 1-842. The authors wish to thank\nmany members of the technical staff at NASA Langley\nResearch Center. particularly Dennis Bushnell. members\nof the Experimental Flow Physics Branch, and members\nof the Computational Methods Branch. The Rayleigh\nscattering data were obtained through a collaborative\neffort with B. Shirinzadeh. J. Balla. M. Hillard and R.\nExton of the Instrument Research Division's Optical\nSpectroscopy Section. Supercomputing support was\nprovided by the San Diego Supercomputer Center via a\nNational Science Foundation Grant. the NASA Ames\nNAS facilities. the JPL/Caltech Cray. and the NASA\nLangley supercomputing facilities.\n\nPublished - 321_Waitz_IA_1991.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental and computational investigation of a\ncontoured wall fuel injector is presented. The injector\nwas aimed at enabling shock-enhanced mixing for the\nsupersonic combustion ramjet engines currently envisioned for applications on hypersonic vehicles. Three-dimensional flow field surveys, and temporally resolved planar Rayleigh scattering measurements are presented for Mach 1.7 helium injection into Mach 6 air. These experimental data are compared directly with a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulation of the flow about the injector array. Two dominant axial vorticity sources are identified and characterized. The axial vorticity produced strong convective mixing of the injectant with the freestream. Shock-impingement was particularly effective as it assured seeding of baroclinic vorticity directly on the helium/air interface. The vorticity coalesced into a counter-rotating vortex pair of a sense which produced migration of the helium away from the wall. The influences of spatial averaging on the representation of the flow field as well as the importance of the fluctuating component of the flow in producing molecularly-mixed fluid are addressed.", "date": "1991-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-101649129", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-101649129", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAG 1-842" }, { "agency": "NSF" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "91-2265", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "321_Waitz_IA_1991.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yh17a-hdm31/files/321_Waitz_IA_1991.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Waitz, Ian-A; Marble, Frank E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zxh8w-a0234", "eprint_id": 21057, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:05:29", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:59", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sterling-J-D", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "James D." } } ] }, "title": "Characterization and modeling of aperiodic pressure oscillations in combustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991, AIAA. For permission to copy or republish, contact\nAmerican Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Lecturer in Jet Propulsion, Member AIAA\n\nPublished - 320_Sterling_JD_1991.pdf
", "abstract": "Classification of the long-term dynamical\nbehavior of pressure oscillations in a\nlaboratory combustion chamber has been\nperformed using methods of modern dynamical\nsystems theory. The method involves the\nconstruction of a phase-space representation\nfrom a single pressure record or time series using\nthe time-delay embedding method. The\npointwise correlation dimension of the resulting\nattractor in phase-space provides a lower\nbound on the number of modes that participate\nin the oscillations. The results show that the\noscillations are quasiperiodic with a dimension\nnear two over an order of magnitude of\namplitudes. Quasiperiodicity is a result of the\nincommensurate frequencies of the system\nacoustic modes. A model for the dynamics is\nconstructed by converting the governing\nequations to a kicked-oscillator model. When\ncompared with the experimental data, the\nmodel results have similar pressure and\nvelocity spectra and the attractor dimension\nverifies that quasiperiodic oscillations are\npresent.", "date": "1991-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-100452033", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-100452033", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "91-2082", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "320_Sterling_JD_1991.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zxh8w-a0234/files/320_Sterling_JD_1991.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Sterling, James D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tg651-hx139", "eprint_id": 21050, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 00:05:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:43:03", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Lin-W-H", "name": { "family": "Lin", "given": "W. H." } }, { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "C. C." } }, { "id": "Sterling-J-D", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "J. D." } } ] }, "title": "Modeling for Active Control of Combustion and Thermally Driven Oscillations", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991, IEEE. Date of Current Version :10 March 2009. \nThis work was partially supported by the Office of Naval\nResearch, Contract N00014-89-J-1753, the Air Force Office of\nScientific Research, Grant No. 90-0188 and by Caltech funds.\n\nPublished - 318_Culick_FEC_1991.pdf
", "abstract": "Organized oscillations excited and sustained by high densities of energy release in combustion chambers have long caused serious problems in development of propulsion systems. The amplitudes often become sufficiently large to cause unacceptable structural vibrations. Because the oscillations are self-excited, they reach limiting amplitudes (limit cycles) only because of the action of nonlinear processes. Traditionally, satisfactory behavior\nhas been achieved through a combination of trial-and-error\ndesign and testing, with control always involving passive means: geometrical modifications, changes of propellant composition, or devices to enhance dissipation of acoustic energy. Active control has been applied only to small-scale laboratory devices, but the limited success suggests the possibility of serious applications to full-scale propulsion systems. Realization of that potential rests on further experimental work, combined with deeper understanding of the mechanisms causing the oscillations and of the physical behavior of the systems. Effective design of active control systems will require faithful modeling of the relevant processes over broad frequency ranges covering the spectra of natural modes. This paper will cover the general character of the linear and nonlinear behavior of combustion systems, with special attention to acoustics and the mechanisms of excitation.\nThe discussion is intended to supplement the paper by Doyle et al. concerned primarily with controls issues and the observed behavior of simple laboratory devices.", "date": "1991-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "IEEE", "place_of_pub": "Piscataway, NJ", "pagerange": "2939-2948", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-075321569", "isbn": "0-87942-565-2", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 1991 American Control Conference", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-075321569", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "N00014-89-J-1753" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "90-0188" }, { "agency": "Caltech funds" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "318_Culick_FEC_1991.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tg651-hx139/files/318_Culick_FEC_1991.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C.; Lin, W. H.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kgk63-vax96", "eprint_id": 21060, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 08:07:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:43:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sterling-J-D", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "J. D." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear Dynamics of Laboratory Combustor Pressure\n Oscillations", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "keywords": "Combustion instabilities; Rayleigh's criterion; Dynamical systems", "note": "\u00a9 1991 Gordon and Breach. Received July 20, 1990; in final form January 30, 1991. The authors would like to thank Professor Toshi Kubota for helpful comments made during this work. The research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under the technical management of Dr J. Tishkoff.", "abstract": "The mechanisms responsible for driving and damping of pressure oscillations in a laboratory combustor have been investigated. The chamber contains a turbulent methane/hydrogen/air premixed flame stabilized behind a rearward-facing step. Shadowgraph cinematography reveals the shedding of large vortices from the step at frequencies of the system acoustic modes. Variations in the fuel equivalence ratio and the mean flow speed result in a wide variety of nonlinear dynamical behavior. Typically, large cycle-to-cycle variations are observed such that energy may be added or subtracted over one cycle of oscillation but zero net energy change occurs many cycles of oscillation. A quantitative version of Rayleigh's Criterion is constructed by using the cross-spectral-density of the measured flame radiation and pressure. The results under one set of operating conditions show that large driving near the flameholder is balanced by equally large damping further downstream. A second set of conditions results in large energy addition to an acoustic mode balanced by attenuation at the mode subharmonic.", "date": "1991-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "77", "number": "4-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "225-238", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-110248831", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-110248831", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209108951729", "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Sterling, J. D. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/akhkr-56351", "eprint_id": 21059, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:42:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:43:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Morehart-J-H", "name": { "family": "Morehart", "given": "J. H." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Toner-S-J", "name": { "family": "Toner", "given": "S. J." } } ] }, "title": "Species Production and Heat Release Rates in Two-Layered\n Natural Gas Fires", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1991 Published by Elsevier.\n\nReceived 10 August 1988; revised 13 March 1990. Available online 7 August 2003. \n\nThe authors are pleased to acknowledge the financial support received from the Center for Fire Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Department of\nCommerce, in carrying out this work.", "abstract": "A fire burning in an enclosure with restricted ventilation will result in the accumulation of a layer of warm products of combustion mixed with entrained air adjacent to the ceiling. For many conditions, the depth of this layer will extend to occupy a significant fraction of the volume of the room. Eventually, the interface between this vitiated ceiling layer and the uncontaminated environment below will position itself so that a large portion of the combustion processes occur in this vitiated layer. A description is given here of experimental work concerning the rates of formation of product species and heat release in a turbulent, buoyant natural gas diffusion flame burning in this two-layered configuration. The enclosure was modeled by placing a hood above a burner so that it accumulated the plume gases, and the unsteady development of the ceiling layer was modeled by the direct addition of air into the upper portion of the hood. Measurements of the composition of these gases allowed the computation of stoichiometries and heat release rates. These investigations showed that the species produced in the flame depend primarily on the stoichiometry of the gases present in the ceiling layer and weakly on the temperature of the layer, but are independent of the fuel-air ratio of the mass transported into the layer by the plume. Heat release rates in the fires were compared to a theoretical limit based on a stoichiometric reaction of fuel and air with excess components left unchanged by the combustion.", "date": "1991-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "83", "number": "3-4", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "325-332", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-104848579", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-104848579", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Center for Fire Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(91)90079-Q", "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E.; Morehart, J. H.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kazx5-p9a61", "eprint_id": 21052, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:25:07", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:43:09", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Morehart-J-H", "name": { "family": "Morehart", "given": "J. H." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Characteristics Of Large Diffusion Flames Burning In A Vitiated Atmosphere", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1991, International Association for Fire Safety Science.\n\nPublished - 319_Morehart_JH_1991.pdf
", "abstract": "Experiments concerning properties of large diffusion flames burning steadily in a vitiated atmosphere under conditions similar to those which may arise in a room fire are described. The effects of vitiation on the products of combustion and flame lengths, and the extinction limits are described for natural gas and ethylene diffusion flames stabilized on 8.9-, 19- and 50-cm pool-type burners. As vitiation was increased and the flame extinction limit was approached, the flame length increased slightly. Close to the limit, radiation from soot in the flame became imperceptible, leaving only a weakly luminous blue flame. Even with significant reductions in both the flame height and luminosity near the limit conditions, the hydrocarbon fuels were completely oxidized in the flame to water and carbon dioxide and no measurable concentrations of products of incomplete combustion were produced. A. comparison of limiting oxygen concentrations and limiting flame temperatures for these experiments with the results of other investigations shows reasonably good agreement despite widely varying experimental techniques. These results are contrasted with those obtained in the unsteady situation which arises when a large buoyant diffusion flame burns in an enclosed space such that the upper part of the flame is in a strongly vitiated layer composed of a mixture of air and products of combustion, and the lower part in fresh air.", "date": "1991", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "International Association for Fire Safety Science", "place_of_pub": "New York", "pagerange": "575-583", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-083327723", "isbn": "1-85166-719-9", "book_title": "Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the third International Symposium", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-083327723", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Cox-G", "name": { "family": "Cox", "given": "Geoffrey" } }, { "id": "Langford-B", "name": { "family": "Langford", "given": "Brian" } } ] }, "doi": "10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.3-575", "primary_object": { "basename": "319_Morehart_JH_1991.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kazx5-p9a61/files/319_Morehart_JH_1991.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Morehart, J. H.; Zukoski, E. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xb8vb-e1d47", "eprint_id": 21902, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:25:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:29:23", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion Instabilities and Rayleigh's Criterion", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1991 Springer-Verlag.", "abstract": "In 1878, Lord Rayleigh formulated his criterion to explain several \nexamples of acoustic waves excited and maintained by heat addition. It is a\nqualitative explanation successfully capturing the essence of the phenomena\nbut not providing a basis for quantitative predictions. The widespread appeal\nof Rayleigh's criterion merits placing this important result on a more rigorous\nbasis. To do so requires careful formulation grounded in the theory of small\namplitude motions in a compressible fluid. In this chapter, we review the\nconstruction of an approximate analysis and establish the equivalence of\nRayleigh's criterion and the condition for linear stability of small amplitude\nmotions. Thus Rayleigh's criterion is formulated explicitly in the context of\nan analysis applicable to any combustion chamber. Some results are discussed\nfor both linear and nonlinear motions. Recent experimental results discussed\nby others suggest that the criterion may offer a practical means for investigating\nthe causes of instabilities in propulsion systems.", "date": "1991", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Springer-Verlag", "place_of_pub": "New York", "pagerange": "135-151", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-073132186", "isbn": "0-387-97417-2", "book_title": "Modern Research Topics in Aerospace Propulsion: in honor of Corrado Casci", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-073132186", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Angelino-G", "name": { "family": "Angelino", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "DeLuca-L", "name": { "family": "DeLuca", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Sirignano-W-A", "name": { "family": "Sirignano", "given": "W. A." } } ] }, "pub_year": "1991", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4mbh2-d2p22", "eprint_id": 21039, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 23:07:30", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:57", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Some recent results for nonlinear acoustics in combustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. Most of the work described here, both mine and that of others, has been supported for many years, at variable levels, by the Air Force, Navy, and NASA. My students and I have received much support from Caltech and currently by the Office of Naval Research, Grant No. N00014-89-J-1753. I have personally benefitted greatly from close collaborations in the recent past with Mr. Jay Levine of the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory; Professors Vigor Yang and Leonidas Paparizos, Pennsylvania State University and Carnegie-Mellon University respectively; and, currently members of the Research Faculty at Caltech, Drs. Craig Jahnke and James Sterling.\n\nPublished - 315_Culick_FE_1990.pdf
", "abstract": "Conditions of high energy densities and low losses in combustion chambers encourage the excitation and\nsustenance of organized unsteady motions generically called combustion instabilities. The fluctuations, common in propulsion systems, often reach sufficient amplitudes to cause excessive rates of heat transfer to exposed\nsurfaces and unacceptable structural vibrations, causing failure in extreme cases. In many cases, to avoid the\noccurrence of instabilities, combustion chambers are operated below their maximum performance. Considerable effort has been spent, for more than four decades, on experimental and analytical programs devoted to solving problems of combustion instabilities. Much of the work has been required to measure quantities which, because of the complex processes involved, cannot be predicted accurately from first principles. Analytical work has been concerned largely with linear behavior, the chief purpose being to predict stability of small disturbances in combustion chambers. Many useful results have been obtained, serving in practice to help design experiments, correlate data, and predict the stability of new systems. However, linear behavior is only a small part of the general problem. A combustion chamber is an isolated system so far as its stability is concerned, and unstable disturbances evolve as 'self-excited' motions. Hence their amplitudes will grow indefinitely unless nonlinear processes are effective. Complete understanding of observed behavior will therefore be reached only by treating nonlinear behavior. In the recent past, increased attention has been paid to nonlinear combustion instabilities. It is particularly important for practical purposes to explain the existence of limit cycles and the occurrence of unstable motions in linearly stable systems exposed to large initial disturbances. These matters are far from closed, and although substantial progress has been accomplished, little impact has been made on the development of new systems. The chief purpose of this paper is to provide a brief review of work on nonlinear combustion instabilities, largely in the framework of an approximate analysis. Some connections will be made with the modern theory of nonlinear dynamical systems, including very recent and incomplete attempts by others to assess the possible chaotic behavior observed in laboratory tests.", "date": "1990-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-112004053", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-112004053", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force" }, { "agency": "Navy" }, { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "N00014-89-J-1753" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "90-3927", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "315_Culick_FE_1990.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4mbh2-d2p22/files/315_Culick_FE_1990.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vs6gy-5m159", "eprint_id": 21071, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:20:04", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:07", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "Craig C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Application of dynamical systems theory to the high angle of attack dynamics of the F-14", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 by Craig C. Jahnke. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. with permission. This work was partly supported by CALTECH\nfunds and partly supported by a grant from the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Dryden Flight Research Center. The F-14 aerodynamic model was supplied by Joe Gera, Acting Assistant Branch Chief, Vehicle Technical Branch, Ames Dryden Flight Research Center.\n\nPublished - 341_Jahnke_C_1990.pdf
", "abstract": "Dynamical systems theory has been used to\nstudy the nonlinear dynamics of the F-14. An eight\ndegree of freedom model that does not include the\ncontrol system present in operational F-14's has\nbeen analyzed. The aerodynamic model, supplied\nby NASA, includes nonlinearities as functions of the\nangles of attack and sideslip, the rotation rate, and\nthe elevator deflection. A continuation method has\nbeen used to calculate the steady states of the F-14\nas continuous functions of the control surface deflections.\nBifurcations of these steady states have been used to predict the onset of wing rock, spiral divergence, and jump phenomena which cause the aircraft to enter a spin. A simple feedback control system was designed to eliminate the wing rock and spiral divergence instabilities. The predictions were verified with numerical simulations.", "date": "1990-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-140634171", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-140634171", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "Ames Dryden Flight Research Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1990-221", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "341_Jahnke_C_1990.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vs6gy-5m159/files/341_Jahnke_C_1990.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Jahnke, Craig C. and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mz0vn-rkr22", "eprint_id": 21037, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:06:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:42:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Vigor" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "On the Existence and Stability of Limit Cycles for Transverse Acoustic Oscillations in a Cylindrical Combustion Chamber. 1: Standing Modes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1990 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. Received June 9, 1989; in final form February 5, 1990. This work was supported partly by the Department of the Navy, ONR Contract\nN0014-84-K-0434, and partly by The Pennsylvania State University. The authors are greatly indebted to Dr. S. I. Kim and Mr. W. T. Lee for carrying out the numerical calculations.", "abstract": "Nonlinear pressure oscillations in combustion chambers have been studied using an approximate analysis which treats the unsteady motions as a collection of coupled nonlinear oscillators, each corresponding to an acoustic mode of the chamber. Based on spatial and temporal averaging of the\nconservation equations, the formulation provides a convenient means for analyzing the nonlinear behavior\nof acoustic wave motions. The work addresses the linear and nonlinear characteristics of transverse acoustic waves in a cylindrical chamber, with attention focused on the conditions for the existence and stability of limit cycles. As a result of the special structure of the equations, both general and precise conclusions can be reached. Explicit results are given for the special cases of two and three standing modes.\nSpinning wave motions will be treated in a subsequent paper.", "date": "1990", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "72", "number": "1-3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "37-65", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-110317027", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101129-110317027", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of the Navy", "grant_number": "N0014-84-K-0434" }, { "agency": "Pennsylvania State University" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209008951639", "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Yang, Vigor and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4b59h-1v374", "eprint_id": 21280, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:07:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:48", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Jacobs-J-W", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "J. W." } }, { "id": "Hendricks-G-J", "name": { "family": "Hendricks", "given": "G. J." } }, { "id": "Waitz-I-A", "name": { "family": "Waitz", "given": "I. A." } } ] }, "title": "Shock enhancement and control of hypersonic mixing and combustion", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1990 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \n\nThis work was carried out under grants from URI and AFOSR with the support of Dr. Julian Tishkoff, and from NASA with the support of Mr. Dennis Bushnell. The computations have been carried out with\ncode support from Dr.'s P. J. Boris and E. S. Oran at the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Computational Branch, NASA Langley RC. Computing support has been obtained from NAS Facility at NASA Ames RC, the JPL/Caltech Cray X-MP, and the San Diego Supercomputer Center, NSF.\n\nPublished - 316_Marble_FE_1981.pdf
", "abstract": "The possibility that shock enhanced mixing can\nsubstantially increase the rate of mixing between\ncoflowing streams of hydrogen and air has been\nstudied in experimental and computational investigations.\nEarly numerical computations indicated that\nthe steady interaction between a weak shock in air\nwith a coflowing hydrogen jet can be well approximated\nby the two-dimensional time-dependent interaction\nbetween a weak shock and an initially circular\nregion filled with hydrogen imbedded in air. An experimental\ninvestigation of the latter process has been\ncarned out in the Caltech 17 Inch Shock Tube in experiments\nin which the laser induced fluorescence of\nbyacetyl dye is used as a tracer for the motion of the\nhelium gas after shock waves have passed across the\nhelium cylinder. The flow field has also been studied\nusing an Euler code computation of the flow field.\nBoth investigations show that the shock impinging\nprocess causes the light gas cylinder to split into two\nparts. One of these mixes rapidly with air and the\nother forms a stably stratified vortex pair which mixes\nmore slowly; about 60% of the light gas mixes rapidly\nwith the ambient fluid. The geometry of the flow field\nand the mixing process and scaling parameters are\ndiscussed here. The success of this program encouraged\nthe exploration of a low drag injection system in\nwhich the basic concept of shock generated streamwise\nvorticity could be incorporated in an injector for\na Scramjet combustor at Mach numbers between 5\nand 8. The results of a substantial computational\nprogram and a description of the wind tunnel model and preliminary experimental results obtained in the\nHigh Reynolds Number Mach 6 Tunnel at NASA Langley\nResearch Center are given here.", "date": "1990", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-134118457", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-134118457", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "URI" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "NASA" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "90-1981", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "316_Marble_FE_1981.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4b59h-1v374/files/316_Marble_FE_1981.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Marble, F. E.; Zukoski, E. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9smk2-sxz94", "eprint_id": 21049, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 22:06:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:42:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Kim-S-I", "name": { "family": "Kim", "given": "S. I." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Triggering of Longitudinal Pressure Oscillations in\n Combustion Chambers. I: Nonlinear Gasdynamics", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1990 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc. The authors are greatly indebted to Dr. H.S. Sun for his assistance in formulating the third-order nonlinear acoustic model. This work was supported partly by the Office of Naval Research, Grant No. 00014-84-K-0434, and partly by The Pennsylvania State University.", "abstract": "Based on spatial and temporal averaging of the conservation equations, an approximate analysis\nprovides a convenient vehicle for analyzing the nonlinear behavior of unsteady motions in combustion\nchambers. Recent work has been concerned with the conditions for existence and stability of limit cycles,\nand in particular their dependence on the order of nonlinear terms contained in the equations of motion.\nIt seems to be generally true that if only nonlinear gasdynamic terms to second order are accounted for,\na stable nontrivial limit cycle is unique. This implies that no initial disturbance will cause a linearly stable\nsystem to execute a limit cycle, a result contrary to prior experience with, for example, solid propellant\nrocket motors. In this paper, we study some conditions under which true nonlinear instabilities may be\nfound, with special attention focused on the effect of nonlinear gasdynamics. Our results indicate that\nthird-order terms in the acoustic motions do not lead to triggering to either a stable or an unstable limit\ncycle; they only modify the stability domain of the system. However, the interactions between mean flow\nand nonlinear acoustic waves may trigger a linearly stable system to an unstable limit cycle. The influence\nof nonlinear combustion response may have quite different consequences and will be discussed in Part II\nof this work.", "date": "1990", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "72", "number": "4-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "183-214", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-073713187", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101130-073713187", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "00014-84-K-0434" }, { "agency": "Pennsylvania State University" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102209008951647", "pub_year": "1990", "author_list": "Yang, V.; Kim, S. I.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yzft0-jps07", "eprint_id": 21145, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:35:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:47:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sobota-T-H", "name": { "family": "Sobota", "given": "Thomas H." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Swirling flows in an annular-to-rectangular transition section", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1989 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. \nPresented as Paper 87-2108 at the AIAA/SAE/ASME/ASEE 23rd Joint Propulsion Conference. San Diego, CA, June 29-July 2, 1987; received Aug. 3, 1987; revision received May 9, 1988.", "abstract": "Mechanisms for generation of axial vorticity by swirling flows in rectangular nozzles have been investigated\nexperimentally and computationally. A detailed experimental investigation is described that demonstrates the\nformation of axial vortices in the nozzle is dependant on the vorticity distribution at the turbine exhaust. Further,\nmechanisms providing for the formation of axial vortices are identified. A parallel computational investigation was\ncarried out that not only confirmed the relationship between the turbine exhaust vorticity and the vortex patterns\nformed in the nozzle, but also provided details of the flowfield between the turbine discharge and the nozzle exit.\nOn the basis of this more detailed understanding, it is now possible to \"tailor\" the vortex distribution at the nozzle\nexit by design of the turbine discharge and the intervening passage.", "date": "1989-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Propulsion and Power", "volume": "5", "number": "3", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "334-340", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-094947244", "issn": "0748-4658", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-094947244", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-2108", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.23157", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Sobota, Thomas H. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ysjdz-81515", "eprint_id": 21140, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:35:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:47:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Paparizos-Leonidas-G", "name": { "family": "Paparizos", "given": "Leonidas G." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "The Two-Mode Approximation to Nonlinear Acoustics in Combustion Chambers. I. Exact Solution for Second Order Acoustics", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1989 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc.\nReceived, 14 September, 1987; in final form 24 April, 1989. This investigation was sponsored by the Department of Navy, ONR Contract N0014-84-K-0434.", "abstract": "The behavior of unsteady pressure fluctuations in combustion chambers is examined. An approximate method used in the derivation of the amplitude equations is based on the spatial and time domain averaging of the conservation equations, and follows the analytical framework introduced by Culick (1976a,b). The first order perturbation terms retained in the analysis correspond to linear contributions\nfrom the combustion processes, gas/particle interactions, mean flow and boundary conditions, as well as second order nonlinear gas dynamics terms. Further simplification of these equations is obtained by an appropriate change of variables. Following this step, the analysis based on two longitudinal modes is reduced to the solution of a three-dimensional system of nonlinear equations. This enables derivation of exact results for the existence, stability and the amplitude of the limit cycle, in the general case of frequency shifted periodic oscillations. Consideration is also given to the transfer of energy within the spectrum of the acoustic modes. In agreement with experimental observations, it is shown analytically that the preferred\ndirection of energy transfer is from the lower to the higher acoustic modes. Validation of the results is\naccomplished by comparison with numerical results obtained when higher numbers of modes are treated. Finally, it is shown that combustion instabilities can be treated analytically using the center manifold theory.", "date": "1989-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "65", "number": "1-3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "39-65", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-081753345", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-081753345", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of the Navy", "grant_number": "N0014-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102208908924041", "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Paparizos, Leonidas G. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d9qwc-8xj52", "eprint_id": 21143, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:07:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:47:26", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Schadow-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schadow", "given": "K. C." } } ] }, "title": "A review of the ONR/NAVAIR research option combustion instabilities in compact ramjets, 1983-1988", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1989.\n\nPublished - 309_Culick_FEC_1989.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper consists of two parts summarizing two portions of the ONR/NAVAIR Research Option. The option began in 1983 and continued for five years, involving 11 organizations. Simultaneously, similar or related programs supported by other agencies or institutions were being carried out in several other places. Results of those programs have been briefly summarized in five papers collected in a document to be published by C.P.L.A. This paper contains two of the five papers in that document. Here we cover the subjects of approximate analyses and stability; and large-scale structures and passive control. The first is concerned chiefly with an analytical framework constructed on the basis of observations; it is intended to provide a means of correlating and interpreting data, and predicting the stability of motions in a combustion chamber. The second is a summary of recent experimental work directed to understanding the flows in dump combustors of the sort used in modern ramjet engines. Much relevant material is not included here, but may be found in the remaining papers of the document cited above. For completeness, we note briefly the substance of those reports.\nIn their summary \"Spray Combustion Processes in Ramjet Combustion Instability,\" Bowman (Stanford), Law (University of California, Davis) and Sirignano (University of California, Irvine) review several aspects of spray combustion relevant to combustion instabilities. The objectives of the works were: (1) to determine the\neffect of spray characteristics on the energy release pattern in a dump combustor and the subsequent effects on\ncombustion instability; (2) to gain a fundamental understanding of the coupling of the spray vaporization process with an unsteady flow field; and (3) to investigate methods for controlling and enhancing spray vaporization\nrates in liquid-fueled ramjets. During the past five years considerable progress has been made in applying methods of computational fluid dynamics to the flow in a dump combustor including consequences of energy release due to combustion processes. Jou has summarized work done at Flow Research, Inc. and at the Naval Research Laboratory in his\npaper \"A Summary Report on Large-Eddy Simulations of Pressure Oscillations in a Ramjet Combustor.\" The serious effects of combustion instabilities on the inlets of ramjet engines were discovered in the late 1970's in experimental work at the Aeropropulsion Laboratory, Wright Field, the Naval Weapons Center and the Marquardt Company. The most thorough laboratory work on the unsteady behavior of inlets has been accomplished at the McDonnell-Douglas Research Laboratory by Sajben who has reviewed the subject in his\npaper \"The Role of Inlet in Ramjet Pressure Oscillations.\"", "date": "1989", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-091515515", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-091515515", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "309_Culick_FEC_1989.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d9qwc-8xj52/files/309_Culick_FEC_1989.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1989", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Schadow, K. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/460xq-wdh50", "eprint_id": 21157, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:12:15", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:24", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Kim-S-I", "name": { "family": "Kim", "given": "S. I." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Third-Order Nonlinear Acoustic Instabilities in Combustion Chambers, Part II: Transverse Modes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1988, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nThis work was supported partly by the ONR Grant No. 00014-84-K-0434, and partly by The Pennsylvania State University. The authors are greatly indebted to Dr. H. S. Sun for his assistance in formulating the model of the third-order nonlinear acoustic model.\n\nPublished - 346_Yang_V_1988.pdf
", "abstract": "An analytical analysis has been developed to investigate the behavior of unsteady transverse pressure oscillations\nin combustion chambers. The model extends the previous analysis for the second-order standing wave motions and\naccommodates spinning oscillations and third-order nonlinearities. The influences of various parameters and initial conditions on the limit cycles and triggering of pressure oscillations are discussed. Results indicate that the existence of spinning oscillations depends strongly on the number of modes included in the analysis and on the initial conditions. The third-order acoustics has little influence on the triggering of instability. It only modifies the characteristics of limiting amplitudes.", "date": "1988-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-144226944", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-144226944", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "88-0152", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "346_Yang_V_1988.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/460xq-wdh50/files/346_Yang_V_1988.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Yang, V.; Kim, S. I.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zt2xt-qn780", "eprint_id": 21148, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:01:36", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:20", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahnke-C-C", "name": { "family": "Jahnke", "given": "Craig C." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Application of dynamical systems theory to nonlinear aircraft dynamics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1988 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \nThis work was partly supported by Caltech funds\nand partly by a grant from the National Aeronautics\nand Space Administration, Ames Dryden Flight\nResearch Center.\n\nPublished - 339_Jahnke_CC_1988.pdf
", "abstract": "Dynamical systems theory has been used to study nonlinear aircraft dynamics. A six degree of freedom model that neglects gravity has been analyzed. The aerodynamical model, supplied by NASA, is for a generic swept wing fighter and includes nonlinearities as functions of the angle of attack. A continuation method was use to calculate the steady states of the aircraft, and bifurcations of these steady states, as functions of the control deflections. Bifurcations were used to predict jump phenomena and the onset of periodic motion for roll coupling instabilities and high angle of attack maneuvers. The predictions were verified with numerical simulations.", "date": "1988", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-102240185", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-102240185", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA Ames Dryden Flight Research Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "88-4372", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "339_Jahnke_CC_1988.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zt2xt-qn780/files/339_Jahnke_CC_1988.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Jahnke, Craig C. and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9x0qr-pvk50", "eprint_id": 21433, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:01:41", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:16", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Building a 1903 Wright 'Flyer' - By committee", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Wright Flyer Project", "note": "\u00a9 1987 by F. E. C. Culick, Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. The Los Angeles AlAA Section has supported this project with insurance funds collected after the destruction in 1918 of the 'Flyer' built by Section members in 1953. All labor has been provided by volunteer workers. The author's wind tunnel program with the 1/6 scale model was supported by a NASA grant. Preparation of this manuscript has been supported in part by Caltech funds. Professor of Applied Physics and Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology; Fellow A.I.A.A.\n\nPublished - 298_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf
", "abstract": "This is a summary of a lecture intended primarily as a progress report of the Los Angeles AIAA Section Wright Flyer Project. Begun in late 1978, the project is devoted chiefly to construction of two replicas of the 1903 Wright\n'Flyer.' The first, now being covered, is an exact replica intended for full-scale wind tunnel tests. The second will be a flying replica, incorporating minimal modifications to produce a less unstable aircraft. Partly in preparation for the second aircraft, considerable attention has been given to the aerodynamics, stability, and control of the 1903 'Flyer.' Wind tunnel tests have been conducted with\na 1/6 flexible model, and a 1/8 scale steel model tested at full-scale Reynolds numbers. The data have provided basis for analyzing both the closed-loop and open-loop performance\nof the aircraft. Another aspect of the Project has been concerned with the history of early aeronautics, especially as related to the Wright Brothers' work. Thus a significant portion of the lecture is given to aeronautical history\nboth before and after 1903, to provide a better appreciation for the Wrights' achievements and a clearer perspective of their work in the context of aeronautical progress.", "date": "1988", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-104426212", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-104426212", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Los Angeles AIAA Section" }, { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "88-0094", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "298_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9x0qr-pvk50/files/298_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r9m8a-23097", "eprint_id": 22028, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:01:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:19", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion instabilities in liquid-fuelled propulsion systems", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1988. During preparation of this paper I have benefitted from numerous conversations (and arguments) with my\ncolleagues Professors Marble and Zukoski. This work has been supported partly by the California Institute of Technology; by the Office of Naval Research; by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; by the Naval Weapons Center under a Personal Services Contract; and by Hersh Acoustical Engineering under contract to the Air Force Astronautics Laboratory. I am indebted to Mmes. Cynde Herman, Jan Patterson, Elizabeth Wood, and Dana Young for all the extraordinary help they gave me in the typing and preparation of this manuscript.\n\nReprint - 307_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf
", "abstract": "Combustion of reactants in a confined volume favors excitation of unsteady motions over a broad range of\nfrequencies. A relatively small conversion of the energy released will produce both random fluctuations or noise,\nand, under many circumstances, organized oscillations generically called combustion instabilities. Owing to the\nhigh energy densities and low losses in combustion chambers designed for propulsion systems, the likelihood of\ncombustion instabilities is high. The accompanying heat transfer to exposed surfaces, and structural vibrations\nare often unacceptable, causing failure in extreme cases. This paper is a brief review of combustion instabilities in\nliquid-fueled propulsion systems-rockets, ramjets, and thrust augmentors-with emphasis on work accomplished\nduring the past decade. To provide a common framework for discussing the wide range of works, a theory of\ntwo-phase flow is reviewed as the basis for an approximate analysis of combustion instabilities. The analysis is\ndirected primarily to treatment of linear stability; it is sufficiently general to accommodate all processes occurring\nin actual systems. A new result has been obtained for an extended form of Rayleigh's criterion and its relation\nto the growth constant for unstable waves. The chief mechanisms for combustion instabilities in liquid-fueled\nsystems are reviewed, followed by a summary of the common methods of analysis and applications to the three\nclasses of propulsion systems. Control of instabilities by passive and active means is examined briefly.", "date": "1988", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-151853189", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-151853189", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "Naval Weapons Center" }, { "agency": "Hersh Acoustical Engineering" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "307_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r9m8a-23097/files/307_Culick_FEC_1988.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fzvc5-cns10", "eprint_id": 21128, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:01:24", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:18", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Sinha-A", "name": { "family": "Sinha", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7122-3549" }, { "id": "Fung-T", "name": { "family": "Fung", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Linear theory of active control of pressure oscillations in combustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1988, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\n\nPublished - 302_Yang_v_1988.pdf
", "abstract": "Active control of longitudinal pressure oscillations in combustion chambers has been studied theoretically using a digital state-feedback control technique. The formulation\nis based on a generalized wave equation which accommodates various influences on combustion, mean flow, unsteady motions, and contol actions. After a procedure equivalent to the Galerkin method, a system of ordinary differential equation governing the amplitude of each oscillatory mode\nis derived, serving as a basis for the controller\ndesign. The control actions is provided by a finite number of point acutators, with the instantaneous chamber conditions monitored by a few sensors. Several important control aspects such as sampling period, locations of\nsensors and controllers, controllability and observabi1ity have been investigated. As a specific example, the case involving two controlled and two residual (uncontrolled) modes is studied. The control and observation spillover\nphenomena due to the residual modes are clearly demonstrated.", "date": "1988", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-115230138", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-115230138", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "88-2944", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "302_Yang_v_1988.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fzvc5-cns10/files/302_Yang_v_1988.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Yang, V.; Sinha, A.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/twwae-s8609", "eprint_id": 21131, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 20:01:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:46:48", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Hendricks-G-J", "name": { "family": "Hendricks", "given": "Gavin J." } } ] }, "title": "Structure and behavior of diffusion flames in a pressure gradient", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1988 Combustion Institute; Published by Elsevier Inc. Twenty-First Symposium (International on Combustion). Available online 14 July 2007. The authors are grateful for several illuminating discussions with Professor T. Kubota.\nThis work was supported in part by AFOSR grant AFOSR-84-0286 under Dr. Julian M. Tishkoff, Directorate of Aerospace Sciences. The second author has also been supported by\na Charles Lee Powell fellowship.", "abstract": "The structure of a diffusion flame embedded in a flow field parallel to the flame is studied under conditions where this external flow imposes an adverse pressure gradient. It is convenient to think of the physical problem as a flame lying along the flow direction of a divergent channel.\nThe mathematical problem is reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations by (i) employing the Howarth transformation to eliminate the variable density and (ii) introducing a similarity solution somewhat in the manner of the Falkner-Skan treatment of boundary layer flows.\nBecause the low-density gas near the flame responds more readily to the pressure gradient than does the higher density gas, a reverse flow develops in the low density region which severely affects both the structure of the flame and the fuel consumption rate. For a flame with unit stoichiometry, the reverse flow eventually leads to extinction of the flame by separating the two shear layers that bound the fuel and oxidizer streams. For stoichiometry\ncorresponding to methane-air, the flame situates itself near the oxidizer side of the reverse flow and has no tendency toward extinguishment.", "date": "1988", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium International on Combustion", "volume": "21", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1321-1327", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-142309487", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-142309487", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-84-0286" }, { "agency": "Charles Lee Powell Foundation" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(88)80363-1", "pub_year": "1988", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Hendricks, Gavin J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w6x1b-kkm96", "eprint_id": 21122, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:35:02", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:12", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sercel-J-C", "name": { "family": "Sercel", "given": "Joel C." } } ] }, "title": "Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance (ECR) Plasma Acceleration", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. This paper is declared work of the U.S. Government and is\nnot subject to copyright protection in Ihe United States. The research reported in this paper was performed, in part, by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology as part of its Innovative Space Technology Center, which is sponsored by the Strategic Defence\nInitiative Organization/Innovative Science and Technology Office through agreement with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The author acknowledges the contributions of his academic advisor, Prof. F. E. C. Culick, and Mr. F. Linoya of the California Institute of\nTechnology. The author also acknowledges discussion and critical review of this work by several engineers from the Propulsion Systems Section at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.\n\nPublished - 299_Sercel_jc_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "A research effort directed at analytically and experimentally investigating Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance (ECR) plasma acceleration is outlined. In addition, relevant past research is reviewed. Also, the prospects for application of ECR plasma acceleration to spacecraft\npropulsion are described. It is shown that previously unexplained losses in converting microwave power to directed kinetic power via ECR plasma acceleration can be understood in terms of diffusion of energized plasma to the\nphysical walls of the accelerator. It is also argued that line radiation losses due to electron-ion and electron-atom inelastic collisions should be less than estimated in past\nresearch. Based on this new understanding, the expectation now exists that very efficient ECR plasma accelerators can be designed for application to high specific impulse spacecraft propulsion.", "date": "1987-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-102106634", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-102106634", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Strategic Defense Initiative Organization/NASA" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-1407", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "299_Sercel_jc_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w6x1b-kkm96/files/299_Sercel_jc_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Sercel, Joel C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pyepk-tqy12", "eprint_id": 21124, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:26:51", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:14", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Humphrey-J-W", "name": { "family": "Humphrey", "given": "J. W." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Pressure oscillations and acoustic-entropy interactions in ramjet combustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987 by J. W. Humphrey. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. We gratefully acknowledge that this work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through a graduate research fellowship and contract N00014-84-K-0434.\n\nPublished - 300_Humphrey_JW_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "A one-dimensional analytical model is presented for calculating the longitudinal acoustic modes of idealized\n\"dump-type\" ramjet engines. The model contains the matching required to place an oscillating flame sheet in the interior of a combustion chamber with mean flow. The linear coupling of the acoustic and entropy waves at the inlet shock, flame sheet, and exit nozzle along with acoustic admittances at the inlet and exit are combined to determine the stability of the system as well as the acoustic modes. Since the acoustic and entropy waves travel at different velocities, the geometry is a critical factor in determining\nstability. Typical values of the admittances will produce\ndamped solutions when the entropy is neglected, but, as the ratio of the entropy to acoustic fluctuations is increased, the coupling can either feed acoustic energy into or out of different modes independently. This transfer of energy has a destabilizing or stabilizing effect on the acoustic modes of the system depending upon the phase of the energy transfer.", "date": "1987-03-26", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-105114390", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-105114390", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "N00014-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-1872", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "300_Humphrey_JW_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pyepk-tqy12/files/300_Humphrey_JW_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Humphrey, J. W. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9jtj8-68144", "eprint_id": 21095, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:14:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:45:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Miake-Lye-R-C", "name": { "family": "Miake-Lye", "given": "Richard C." } }, { "id": "Toner-S-J", "name": { "family": "Toner", "given": "Stephen J." } } ] }, "title": "Laser Soot-Scattering Imaging of a Large Buoyant Diffusion Flame", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1987 Combustion Institute, Published by Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc. \nReceived 5 May 1986; revised 24 July 1986. Available online 7 August 2003. \nThe authors thank Prof. P. Dimotakis for suggesting the soot-scattering imaging technique, Prof. E. Zukoski for useful discussions on buoyancy-dominated flames, and both for critical reading of and suggestions on the manuscript. This work was sponsored by the Gas Research Institute under grant number\n5083-260-0878. The linear camera and computer data-acquisition system used in this investigation were developed under the sponsorship of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research with primary contributions from Dr. Daniel B. Lang under contract number F49620-79-C-0159\nand grant number AFOSR-83-0213.", "abstract": "A novel diagnostic technique, which makes use of laser light scattered by soot particles, was used in an effort to\nidentify the flame sheets within a natural gas diffusion flame. Soot particles, inherently created and consumed in the flame, were used as the scattering medium, which obviated the need for externally supplied seed material. Since no foreign material was added to the flame, the current technique can be considered truly nonintrusive. The soot distribution within a large buoyant natural gas diffusion flame is argued to be a reasonable marker of the flame sheets. Measurements made in 47.4-190 kW natural gas flames stabilized on a 0.5 m diameter burner show that the flame sheets are highly wrinkled and convoluted surfaces. The flame sheets are distributed fairly uniformly within the\ninstantaneous volume of the flame, based on images of the associated soot, and the instantaneous flame volume is\ndevoid of soot for 40-60% of the time. When soot is present, it is observed as thin sheets which become narrower in regions where the average strain rate is estimated to be greater.", "date": "1987-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "67", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "9-26", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-103241003", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-103241003", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Gas Research Institute", "grant_number": "5083-260-0878" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "F49620-79-C-0159" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-83-0213" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(87)90010-1", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Miake-Lye, Richard C. and Toner, Stephen J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ezbmq-02963", "eprint_id": 21106, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:14:32", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:11", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sterling-J-D", "name": { "family": "Sterling", "given": "J. D." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Longitudinal Mode Combustion Instabilities in a Dump Combustor", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1987. \n\nFinancial support for this work was provided under AFOSR Grant No. 84-0286.\n\nPublished - 288_Sterling_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "The mechanism by which longitudinal modes of\na dump combustor are excited has been investigated.\nThe unsteady combustion is a result of the shedding\nof large scale vortical structures from the flameholder.\nDriving and damping as determined by Rayleigh's criterion\nwere investigated by using the cross-spectrum and phase of the fluctuating pressure and radiation intensity signals at various locations in the combustor. Thus, the excitation of a particular mode was found to depend on the pressure mode shape and the magnitude and phase of the velocity fluctuation at the flameholder. Fluid mechanical mixing and the chemical reaction rate of the fuel also effect the distribution of heat release and hence the locations of driving and damping. Finally, a mechanism for existence of the limit cycle is discussed.", "date": "1987-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-073712764", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-073712764", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "84-0286" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-0220", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "288_Sterling_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ezbmq-02963/files/288_Sterling_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Sterling, J. D. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bswjy-65617", "eprint_id": 21134, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:46:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A Note on Rayleigh's Criterion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1987 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc. Received April 27, 1987; in final form August 25, 1987. The author has benefited from discussions with Professors F. E. Marble and E. E. Zukoski; and with Mr. James Sterling. This work was supported partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant No. 970SR 84-0286 and the Office of Naval Research, Contract No. N00014-84-K-0434.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "56", "number": "4-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "159-166", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-151716445", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-151716445", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "970SR 84-0286" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102208708947087", "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rjemg-rkf50", "eprint_id": 22023, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:03", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Aeronautics, 1898-1909: The French-American connection", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987.\n\nSubmitted - 297_Culick_FEC_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "In August 1908, Wilbur Wright gave the first public demonstration of the Wright\nairplane, at Le Mans, France. Two weeks later Orville was the first to fly publicly a powered\nman-carrying aircraft in the United States, at Fort Myer, Virginia. Those astonishing\nflights were the beginnings of the Wrights' programs to fulfill the requirements of contracts\nthe Brothers had made with the French and U.S. governments. At the time nobody else\nhad a practical aircraft fully controllable and capable of being maneuvered at the pilot's\ncommand.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-135939767", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-135939767", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT", "value": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "297_Culick_FEC_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rjemg-rkf50/files/297_Culick_FEC_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y7w3d-08a25", "eprint_id": 21159, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:53", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:25", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sobota-T-H", "name": { "family": "Sobota", "given": "Thomas H." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "An Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Swirling Flows in a Rectangular Nozzle", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1987.\n\nPublished - 352_Sobota_TH_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "The high thrust to weight ratios now possible for military aircraft have made thrust vector pitch control more attractive and versatile than aerodynamic surface pitch control. Use of a rectangular nozzle is a natural consequence because articulation and sealing problems are less formidable than for conventional circular ones. The rectangular nozzle offers the additional possibility that the exhaust may mix rapidly with the ambient air and thereby reduce the radiative signature of the exhaust. A detailed experimental investigation is described, which demonstrates that the formation of axial vortices in the nozzle is dependent on the vorticity distribution at the turbine exhaust. Further, three mechanisms which provide for the formation of axial vortices are identified. A parallel computational investigation was carried out which not only confirmed the relationship between the turbine exhaust vorticity and the vortex pattern formed in the nozzle but also provided details of the flow field between the turbine discharge and the nozzle exit. On the basis of this more detailed understanding, it is now possible to tailor the vortex distribution at the nozzle exit by design of the turbine discharge and the intervening passage.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-145603258", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-145603258", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-2108", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "352_Sobota_TH_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y7w3d-08a25/files/352_Sobota_TH_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Sobota, Thomas H. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q52jm-t0410", "eprint_id": 21097, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:32", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:09", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Hendricks-G-J", "name": { "family": "Hendricks", "given": "Gavin J." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Progress toward shock enhancement of supersonic combustion processes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987, AIAA.\n\nPublished - 295_Marble_FE_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "In air breathing propulsion systems for flight at Mach numbers 7 to 20, it is generally accepted that the combustion processes will be carried out at supersonic velocities with respect to the engine. The resulting brief residence time places a premium on rapid mixing of the\nfuel and air. To address this issue we &re investigating a mechanism for enhancing the rate of mixing between air and hydrogen fuel over rates that are expected in shear layers and jets. The mechanism rests upon the strong vorticity induced at the interface between a light and heavy gas by an intense pressure gradient. The specific phenomenon under investigation is the rapid mixing induced by interaction of a weak oblique shock with a cylindrical jet of hydrogen embedded in air. The status of our investigations is described in three parts: a) shock tube investigation of the distortion and mixing induced by shock waves\nimpinging on cylindric of hydrogen embedded in air, b) the molecular mixing and chemical reaction in large vortices, periodically formed in a channel, and c) two-dimensional non-steady and three-dimensional steady numerical studies of shock interaction with cylindrical volumes of hydrogen in air.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-110408219", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-110408219", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-1880", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "295_Marble_FE_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q52jm-t0410/files/295_Marble_FE_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E.; Hendricks, Gavin J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/395hz-9d617", "eprint_id": 21127, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:36", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:16", "type": "conference_item", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sercel-J-C", "name": { "family": "Sercel", "given": "J. C." } }, { "id": "Blandino-J-J", "name": { "family": "Blandino", "given": "J. J." } }, { "id": "Wood-K-L", "name": { "family": "Wood", "given": "K. L." } } ] }, "title": "The ballistic Mars hopper: An alternative Mars mobility concept", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nThis study was conducted in the spring 1986 academic quarter for Mechanical Engineering 130b, a design course offered at the California Institute of Technology and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space\nAdministration as part of the Advanced Space Design Program, University Space Research Association. Part of the work described in this paper was carried out by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,\nunder contract with the National Aeronautic and Space Administration. The authors would like to thank Professor Culick for allowing them to take part in this class and study a non-conventional mobility concept. The authors acknowledge R. Frisbee, M. Appel, and R. Klemetson of the JPL Propulsion Systems Section for valuable assistance in this project.\n\nPublished - 301_Sercel_jc-1987.pdf
", "abstract": "The ballistic Mars hopper is proposed as an alternative mobility concept for unmanned exploration of the martian surface. In the ballistic Mars hopper concept, oxygen and carbon monoxide produced from the martian atmosphere are used as propellants in a rocket propulsion system for an unmanned vehicle on suborbital trajectories between landing sights separated by distances of up to 1000 km. This mobility concept is seen as uniquely capable of allowing both intensive and extensive exploration of the planet using only a single landed vehicle massing approximately 2000 kg. The technical challenges associated with In-Situ Propellant Production (ISPP) on the surface of Mars are reviewed. A rocket propulsion subsystem capable of using oxygen and carbon monoxide as propellants is described.\nFinally, results of mission analysis and a hopper landing\nhazard simulation are reported. It is concluded that an\nattractive Mars hopper can be developed based on\nrelatively near-term technology.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-113823336", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101202-113823336", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "JPL/Caltech/NASA" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87-1901", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "301_Sercel_jc-1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/395hz-9d617/files/301_Sercel_jc-1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Sercel, J. C.; Blandino, J. J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/erd6p-px075", "eprint_id": 21156, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:02:48", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:22", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Vigor" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Third-order nonlinear acoustic waves and triggering of pressure oscillations in combustion chambers. Part I: Longitudinal modes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1987, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nThis work was supported partly by the Office of Naval Research, Grant No. 00014-84-K-0434, and partly by The Pennsylvania State University. The authors are greatly indebted to Dr. H. S. Sun for his assistance in formulating the model of the third-order nonlinear acoustic model.\n\nPublished - 345_Yang_V_1987.pdf
", "abstract": "An analytical analysis has been developed to investigate the behavior of unsteady motions in combustion chambers. The model accommodates the third-order nonlinear acoustics and a second-order combustion response. Ths influences of various linear and nonlinear parameters on the limit cycles and triggering of pressure osoillations are disoussed in detail. Results indicate that the third-order acoustics has little influence on the triggering of instability. It only affects the limiting amplitudes and the stability domains of\nlimit cycles. The nonlinear combustion response plays an essential role in determining the characteristics of triggering.", "date": "1987", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-142326424", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-142326424", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "00014-84-K-0434" }, { "agency": "Pennsylvania State Ulniversity" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1987-1873", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "345_Yang_V_1987.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/erd6p-px075/files/345_Yang_V_1987.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1987", "author_list": "Yang, Vigor and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gwfaj-34k40", "eprint_id": 21144, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:35:04", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:47:28", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Darabiha-N", "name": { "family": "Darabiha", "given": "N." } }, { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "S. M." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "The Effect of Strain Rate on a Premixed Laminar Flame", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1986 by N. Darabiha, S. M. Candel, and F. E. Marble.\nPublished by Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc. Received 2 May 1985; revised 30 October 1985. This work has been supported by a CNRS ATP and an SNECMA contract. Part of this study was performed while one of us\n(F.E.M.) was on a sabbatical at Ecole Centrale. N. Darabiha and S. M. Candel wish to thank Y. Sadallah for his help in the initial development of the computer code used in this paper. All calculations were performed on an IBM 4341 computer made available to us by the IBM Co.", "abstract": "The structure of a strained premixed laminar flame is examined. The flame is formed in the vicinity of a\nstagnation point established by the counterflow of fresh mixture and hot combustion products. This ideal\nconfiguration analyzed by Libby and Williams [18] with activation energy asymptotics is here examined\nnumerically. This allows an exact description of flame and flow structure and a calculation of the mass rate of\nreaction per unit flame area for the whole range of strain rates. Previous results obtained for intermediate and\nhigh strain rates are confirmed. However, for low strain rates the mass rate of reaction per unit flame area\ndiffers from that determined with large activation energy asymptotics. The present calculations also provide\nthe exact value of the strain rate (or Damkiihler number) for which the partial extinction regime appears. If the\nstrain rate is increased beyond that value the flame front develops on the hot side of the stagnation point. The\nreactive front first moves away from the stagnation point and then moves back toward that point for the very\nlarge values of the strain rate.", "date": "1986-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "64", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "203-217", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-093502119", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101203-093502119", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)" }, { "agency": "ATP" }, { "agency": "Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nationale d'\u00c9tude et de Construction de Moteurs d'Aviation (SNECMA)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(86)90057-X", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Darabiha, N.; Candel, S. M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wem0g-sqw98", "eprint_id": 21085, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:26:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:45:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Crump-J-E", "name": { "family": "Crump", "given": "James E." } }, { "id": "Schadow-K-C", "name": { "family": "Schadow", "given": "Klaus C." } }, { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Vigor" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Longitudinal Combustion Instabilities in Ramjet Engines:\n Identification of Acoustic Modes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1986 AIAA. Received April 4, 1985; revision received Oct. 14, 1985. The work at the Naval Weapons Center was performed\nunder Air Task A3 103 100, Element 61153N and Independent\nResearch Funding 2R000-01-01, Element 61152N; the work at\nthe California Institute of Technology was supported by the\nAir Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant AFOSR-80-0265. This paper is declared a work of the U.S. Government and therefore is in the public domain.\n\nPublished - 292_Crump_JE_1986.pdf
", "abstract": "Longitudinal combustion instabilities in liquid-fueled ramjet engines have been investigated with attention\nfocused on determination of the acoustic mode structures. Detailed pressure measurements, including both amplitude and phase, were made at ten positions spanning the length of the engine. The experimental data have been analyzed using two linear acoustic models. Four distinct modes were observed for various inlet/combustor combinations. These results help identify the mechanisms exciting low-frequency pressure oscillations in ramjet engines.", "date": "1986-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Propulsion and Power", "volume": "2", "number": "2", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "105-109", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-085332901", "issn": "0748-4658", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-085332901", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "292_Crump_JE_1986.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wem0g-sqw98/files/292_Crump_JE_1986.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Crump, James E.; Schadow, Klaus C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5gyg0-xwq40", "eprint_id": 20931, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:18:51", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:06:44", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Koshigoe-S", "name": { "family": "Koshigoe", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Tubis-A", "name": { "family": "Tubis", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "A new method for stability analysis of a free jet with arbitrary cross section", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This paper is declared a work of the U.S. Government and therefore is in the public domain.\nWe wish to thank Prof. P. J. Morris for\nsending us his calculation results. Thanks are also due to Dr. R. L. Derr for his encouragement given to us during the course of this work.\n\nPublished - 388_Koshigoe_S_1986.pdf
", "abstract": "A new approach for linear analysis of the stability of jets with arbitrary mean velocity profiles is presented. This method is based on utilizing Green function technique a to transform the Rayleigh equation into an integral equation\nform. The integral equation is then solved numerically\nusing a type of finite element approximation to determine the eigenvectors and complex wave numbers of various instability modes. In order to demonstrate this method's capability of handling arbitrary jet mean velocity profiles, a comparison is made to the elliptic jet case where generally good agreement 1s apparent. A brief discussion on how the effects of compressibility and temperature variation in flows car be incorporated within the formalism is presented.", "date": "1986-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-083110170", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101122-083110170", "rights": "This paper is declared a work of the U.S. Government and therefore is in the public domain.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "86-0542", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "388_Koshigoe_S_1986.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5gyg0-xwq40/files/388_Koshigoe_S_1986.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Koshigoe, S.; Yang, V.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4sex3-4ny60", "eprint_id": 21188, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:10:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:49:37", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Fluid Dynamic Aspects Of Room Fires", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1986, International Association for Fire Safety Science. 1985 Howard W Emmons Invited Lecture. \n\n\"Prof. T. Kubota presented the 1985 Howard W. Emmons Invited Lecture dUE\nto Prof. E. E. Zukoski's, hopefully short, illness.\" - Preface\n\nPublished - 287_Zukoski_EE_1985.pdf
", "abstract": "Several fluid dynamic processes which play important roles in the development of accidental fires in structures are discussed. They include a review of information concerning the characteristic flow regimes of fire plumes and the properties of the flow in these regimes, and a brief review of flow through openings and in ceiling jets. Factors which lead to the development of thermal stratification in ceiling layers are also discussed.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "International Association for Fire Safety Science", "place_of_pub": "Berkeley, CA", "pagerange": "1-30", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-115227793", "isbn": "0891164561", "book_title": "Fire Safety Science : Proceedings of the First International Symposium", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-115227793", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.1-1", "primary_object": { "basename": "287_Zukoski_EE_1985.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4sex3-4ny60/files/287_Zukoski_EE_1985.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/58ppc-rq743", "eprint_id": 21898, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:10:50", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:06", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "Vigor" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear analysis of pressure oscillations in ramjet engines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1986, AIAA. This work was supported partly by the California Institute of Technology, and partly by the Department of the Navy, ONR Contract N00014-84-K-0434.\n\nAccepted Version - 374_Yang_V.pdf
", "abstract": "Pressure oscillations in ramjet engines have been studied using an approximate method which treats the flow fields in the inlet and the combustor separately. The acoustic fields in the combustor are expressed as syntheses of coupled nonlinear oscillators corresponding to the acoustic modes of the chamber. The influences of the inlet flow appear in the admittance function at the inlet /combustor interface, providing the necessary boundary condition for calculation of the combustor flow. A general framework dealing with nonlinear multi-degree-of-freedom system has also been constructed to study the time evolution of each mode. Both linear and nonlinear stabilities are treated. The results obtained serve as a basis for investigating the existence and stabilities of limit cycles for acoustic modes. As a specific example, the analysis is applied to a problem of nonlinear transverse oscillations in ramjet engines.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-104752906", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-104752906", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Department of the Navy/ONR", "grant_number": "N0014-84-K-0434" }, { "agency": "Pennsylvania State University" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "374_Yang_V.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/58ppc-rq743/files/374_Yang_V.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Yang, Vigor and Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x8qsk-hk764", "eprint_id": 21084, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:10:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:45:03", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Awad-E", "name": { "family": "Awad", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "On the Existence and Stability of Limit Cycles for\n Longitudinal Acoustic Modes in a Combustion Chamber", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1986 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc. Received April 8, 1985; in final form July 8, 1985. This work was supported partly by the California Institute of Technology, partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant No. AFOSR-80-G-0137, and partly by the Department of\nthe Navy, ONR Contract NOOO14-84-K-0434.", "abstract": "Unsteady motions in combustion chambers have previously been treated with an approximate analysis in which an acoustic field is represented as a collection of coupled nonlinear oscillators constructed in one-to-one correspondence to the acoustic modes. Two parameters\ncharacterize the linear behavior of each oscillator; a single parameter arises from the nonlinear acoustics carried out to second order in small fluctuations. The formal results are used here as the basis for studying the existence and stability of limit cycles for longitudinal modes. Owing to the special structure of the equations, explicit and precise conclusions can be reached. Existence\nand stability depend only on the parameters defining the linear motions. The nonlinear gasdynamics influence the amplitudes of motion in the limit cycle. At least one of the acoustic modes must be linearly unstable to produce a nontrivial limit cycle. Generally, energy flows both up and down among the modes, but there are exceptional cases when limit cycles exist only if the fundamental mode is unstable. Explicit results are given for the special cases of two and three modes; the analysis is extendible to any number of modes.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "46", "number": "3-6", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "195-222", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-083223351", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-083223351", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-G-0137" }, { "agency": "Department of Navy", "grant_number": "NOOO14-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102208608959800", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Awad, E. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/knxj3-vw617", "eprint_id": 21081, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:10:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:44:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Karagozian-A-R", "name": { "family": "Karagozian", "given": "Ann R." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Study of a Diffusion Flame in a Stretched Vortex", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1986 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc. Received October 15, 1984; in final form March 27, 1985.", "abstract": "The time dependent interaction of a laminar diffusion flame with a single plane vortex and with a stretched line vortex is examined with the aim of determining the flame configuration and the augmentation to the reactant consumption rate resulting from the interaction. Elements\nof the resulting curved flame sheets behave essentially as isolated flames until the neighboring flame sheets become so closely spaced that they interact and consume the intervening reactant. This process creates a core of combustion products with external isolated flame surfaces. The augmentation of the reactant consumption rate results both from the local straining of the flame in its own plane and from the overall increase in flame surface area. Three examples are treated in detail. The first is the plane problem in which an initially straight flame is distorted by a vortex. In the second, the situation is similar except that the problem is expanded to three dimensions\nand the vortex line is being stretched along its own axis. Finally, the effects of the density change resulting from the heat release are examined.", "date": "1986", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "45", "number": "1-2", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "65-84", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-080248569", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101201-080248569", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102208608923842", "pub_year": "1986", "author_list": "Karagozian, Ann R. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qkv31-asg17", "eprint_id": 21205, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:00:54", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:29", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Aaron-K-M", "name": { "family": "Aaron", "given": "K. M." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Coupled vortex shedding and acoustic resonances in a duct", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "ACOUSTIC VELOCITY, BAFFLES, COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, RESONANCE, RESONANT FREQUENCIES, SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES, SOUND GENERATORS, VORTEX SHEDDING, VORTICES, AMPLITUDES, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, COUPLING, FLOW VISUALIZATION, MODELS, NONLINEARITY, PREDICTIONS", "note": "\u00a9 1986, NASA-STI. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.Reproduction not authorized except by specific permission. This work was supported by Caltech and by AFOSR under grant AFOSR-84-0286. Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System.\n\nPublished - 342_Aaron_KM_1985.pdf
", "abstract": "Undesirable sound generation in the combustion chambers of solid propellant rocket motors previously has been attributed to vortex shedding from obstructions that are uncovered as the propellant burns back. An experimental investigation of the phenomenon has re-conf irmed this observation and extended the understanding of the mechanism by which the process is self-sustaining. A pair of aluminum baffles within a lucite duct through which air is drawn models the important aspects which enable the sound generation mechanism to operate. The baffles form an edgetone system which interacts with the longitudinal acoustic modes of the chamber. Pure acoustic tones occur spontaneously, at frequencies equal to the acoustic resonances, when the spacing between the baffles\nsatisfies certain criteria. Flow visualization using smoke and a strobe light triggered by the pressure oscillation indicates that vortex shedding occurs at the upstream baffle in phase with the acoustic velocity oscillation there. Based on the results of the present experiments and others reported in the literature, a mechanism is postulated which explains the observed behavior. It is suggested that pressures induced on the downstream baffle by the vortices convected past by the freestream drive the acoustic resonance. In turn, the acoustic velocity at the upstream baffle serves as the perturbation triggering the formation of vortices in the shear layer growing from the separation point at that location. The amplitude is\nlimited by the nonlinearity in the growth of the vortices in the shear layer. A lIodel based on the proposed mechanism is formulated and written as a computer program. The results predict the behavior of the experilllental apparatus well, confirming that the postulated mechanism is correct.", "date": "1985-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Johns Hopkins University", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-081629419", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-081629419", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Chemical Propulsion Information Agency", "grant_number": "N00024.85\u00b7C-S30 1" }, { "agency": "Caltech/Air Force of Scientific Researc (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-84-0286" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "86-000183", "name": "NASA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "342_Aaron_KM_1985.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qkv31-asg17/files/342_Aaron_KM_1985.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Aaron, K. M. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vea6k-35x13", "eprint_id": 21217, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 18:00:30", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:31", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } }, { "id": "Jex-H-R", "name": { "family": "Jex", "given": "Henry R." } } ] }, "title": "Aerodynamics, Stability and Control of the 1903 Wright Flyer", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Wright Flyer Project", "note": "September 20, 1984. Systems Technology, Inc., Paper No. 359.\nWe thank Mrs. C. Yehle of Caltech for typing the\nmanuscript through many drafts, and Mr. C. Reaber for the great care with which he prepared the figures.\n\nTo be published in \"Proceedings of the Symposium on the 80th Anniversary\nof the Wright Brothers First Flight\", Smithsonian Institution;\nDec. 16, 1983. Copyright reserved.\n\nThis draft version is for limited review and distribution. Permission\nto republish any portion must be obtained from the Smithsonian\n(Mr. Wolko); however the right to reference this paper in technical\nreports is hereby granted.\n\nAccepted Version - CULaiaawfp84.pdf
", "abstract": "The Los Angeles Chapter of the American Institute of Aero and\nAstronautics is building two replicas of the 1903 Wright Flyer airplane;\none to wind-tunnel test and display, and a modified one to fly. As part\nof this project the aerodynamic characteristics of the Flyer are being\nanalyzed by modern wind-tunnel and analytical techniques. Tnis paper\ndescribes the Wright Flyer Project, and compares key results from\nsmall-scale wind-tunnel tests and from vortex-lattice computations for\nthis multi-biplane canard configuration. Analyses of the stability and\ncontrol properties are summarized and their implications for closed-loop\ncontrol by a pilot are derived using quasilinear pilot-vehicle analysis\nand illustrated by simulation time histories.\nIt is concluded that, although the Wrights were very knowledgeable\nand ingenious with respect to aircraft controls and their interactions\n(e.g., the good effects of their wing-warp-to-rudder linkage are\nvalidated), they were largely ignorant of dynamic stability\nconsiderations. The paper shows that the 1903 Flyer was readily\ncontrollable about all axes but was intrinsically unstable in pitch and\nroll, and it could barely be stabilized by a skilled pilot.", "date": "1985-09-20", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-140100221", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-140100221", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "359", "name": "Systems Technology, Inc. Paper" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "CULaiaawfp84.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vea6k-35x13/files/CULaiaawfp84.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Culick, Fred E. C. and Jex, Henry R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hg7kr-3zy11", "eprint_id": 21887, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:28:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Analysis of unsteady inviscid diffuser flow with a shock wave", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received March 16, 1984; revision received Aug. 17, 1984. \nThe authors are indebted to J. N. Levine for providing the\nupdated numerical code for the self-adjusting hybrid scheme.\nThis work represents a part of the results obtained from the\nresearch program supported partly by the California Institute of Technology and partly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant AFOSR-80-0265.\n\nPublished - 313_Yang_v.pdf
", "abstract": "A finite difference scheme with a shock-fitting algorithm has been used to investigate unsteady inviscid now\nwith a shock in an inlet diffuser. The flowfield consists of three different regions: the supersonic and the subsonic\nregions, and a region containing both air and liquid fuel droplets, separated by a normal shock wave and a\nfuel injection system. The analysis is based on a two-phase, quasi-one-dimensional model. The response of a\nshock wave to various disturbances has been studied, including large-amplitude periodic oscillations and pulse\nperturbations.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Propulsion and Power", "volume": "1", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "pagerange": "222-228", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-143851324", "issn": "0748-4658", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-143851324", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "313_Yang_v.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hg7kr-3zy11/files/313_Yang_v.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Yang, V. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2vhaf-2jf06", "eprint_id": 22043, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:38:07", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Daily-J-W", "name": { "family": "Daily", "given": "J. W." } }, { "id": "Paparizos-Leonidas-G", "name": { "family": "Paparizos", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Reardon-F", "name": { "family": "Reardon", "given": "F." } }, { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate analysis and stability of pressure oscillations in ramjets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985. The works described in this summary have been supported largely by the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory. A major part of the work at Caltech and the University of California, Berkeley, has been supported under\nthe ONR Research Initiative on Pressure Oscillations in Ramjets, the remainder being supported by AFOSR\n(Caltech) and by the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory (California State University, Sacramento). It is\nconvenient to divide this summary into a brief resume of recent experimental work followed by a summary of\nthe analyses.\n\nSubmitted - 368_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper summarizes work accomplished during the past five years on analysis of stability related to\nrecent experimental results on combustion instabilities in dump combustors. The primary purpose is to provide\nthe information in a form useful to those concerned with design and development of operational systems. Thus\nmost substantial details are omitted; the material is presented in a qualitative fashion.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-100340630", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-100340630", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" }, { "agency": "Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "368_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2vhaf-2jf06/files/368_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C.; Daily, J. W.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jbqcn-abb84", "eprint_id": 21224, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:32", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:35", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Koshigoe-S", "name": { "family": "Koshigoe", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Calculations of Interaction of Acoustic Waves with a Two- Dimensional Free Shear Layer", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985, AIAA. This paper is declared a work of the U.S. Government and therefore is in the public domain. This work contains some results obtained from the research program supported partly by the Naval Weapons Center, partly by the California Institute of Technology, and partly by NAVAIR, Contract No. N0014-84-K-0434.\n\nPublished - 278_koshigoe_s_1985.pdf
", "abstract": "The acoustic/vortical interaction in a twodimensional\nfree shear layer has been studied. The flowfield is represented by division into two parts: the vortical and the compressible flows. Each field is treated separately and linked with the other through the Bernoulli enthalpy. Acoustic waves are identified as unsteady compressible motions free of vorticity. Calculations have been carried out for the flowfields with and without externally imposed disturbances. Preliminary results reported here indicate that the motion of large coherent flow structures contributes significantly to sound generation. In particular, the formation of large structure and subsequent pairing appear globally as a quadrupole source.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-072047856", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-072047856", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Naval Weapons Center" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "NAVAIR", "grant_number": "N00014-84-K0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "85-0043", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "278_koshigoe_s_1985.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jbqcn-abb84/files/278_koshigoe_s_1985.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Koshigoe, S. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1f2rw-9t052", "eprint_id": 21176, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:17", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:27", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Smith-D-A", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "D. A." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion instability sustained by unsteady vortex combustion", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1985. Financial support for this work was provided under AFOSR Grant No. 80-0286.\n\nPublished - 282_Smith_DA_1985.pdf
", "abstract": "The determination of an internal feedback mechanism which leads to combustion instability inside a small scale\nlaboratory combustor is presented in this paper. During combustion instability, the experimental findings show that a large vortical structure is formed at an acoustic resonant mode of the system. The subsequent unsteady burning, within the vortex as it is convected downstream,\nfeeds energy into the acoustic field and sustains the large resonant oscillations. These vortices are formed when the\nacoustic velocity fluctuation at the flameholder is a large fraction of the mean flow velocity. The propagation of\nthese vortices is not a strong function of the mean flow speed and appears to be dependent upon the frequency of the\ninstability. Continued existence of large vortical structures which characterize unstable operation depends upon the fuel-air ratio, system acoustics, and fuel type.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-101510045", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-101510045", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "80-0286" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "85-1248", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "282_Smith_DA_1985.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1f2rw-9t052/files/282_Smith_DA_1985.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Smith, D. A. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3zd0-7n623", "eprint_id": 21207, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:50:50", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "Growth of a Diffusion Flame in the Field of a Vortex", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "COMBUSTIBLE FLOW | DIFFUSION FLAMES | FLAME PROPAGATION | FUEL COMBUSTION | VORTICES | FUEL CONSUMPTION | REACTION KINETICS | REYNOLDS NUMBER | SCHMIDT NUMBER", "note": "\u00a9 1985, New York, Plenum Press. This work was supported, in part, by grant AFOSR-80-0265 and by NASA grant NAG 3-70.\n\nPublished - 344_Marble_FE_1985.pdf
", "abstract": "A simple diffusion flame with fast chemical kinetics is\ninitiated along the horizontal axis between a fuel occupying the upper half-plane and an oxidizer below. Simultaneously a vortex of circulation T is established at the origin. As time progresses the flame is extended and \"wound up\" by the vortex flow field and the viscous core\nof the vortex spreads, converting the motion in the core to a solid-body rotation. The kinematics of the flame extension and distortion is described and the effect of the local-flow field upon local-flame structure is analyzed in detail. It is shown that the combustion field consists of a\ntotally reacted core region, whose radius is time dependent, and an external flame region consisting of a pair of spiral arms extending off at large radii toward their original positions on the horizontal axis. The growth of the reacted core, and the reactant-consumption rate augmentation by the vortex field in both core and outer-flame regions were determined for values of the Reynolds number (T/2\u03c0v) between 1 and 10^3 and for a wide range of Schmidt numbers (v / D) covering both gas and liquid reactions. For large values of Reynolds number the radius r _* of the reactant grows much more rapidly than the viscous core so that only the nearly inviscid portion of the flow is involved. The more accurate condition for this behavior is that R(Sc)^(1/2)>50 and, under this restriction, the\nsimilarity rule for the core radius growth is shown to be r _*(T^(2/3)D^(1/3)t)^(1/2)=0.5092+O(D/T)^(1/2) In this case also the reactant consumption rate becomes independent of\ntime and, for the complete diffusion flame in the vortex field, the augmentation of reactant-consumption rate due to the vortex field satisfies Augmented consumption rate == 1. 2327 ,-1.4527(D/T)^(1/6) + O(D/T)^(1/2) T^(2/3) D^(1/3) Both of these similarity rules are, as is appropriate for high Reynolds number, independent of kinematic viscosity.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Plenum Press", "place_of_pub": "New York", "pagerange": "395-413", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-085326836", "isbn": "0306410796", "book_title": "Recent advances in the aerospace sciences", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-085326836", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAG 3-70" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "A85-47304 23-31", "name": "CSA Illumina" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "344_Marble_FE_1985.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g3zd0-7n623/files/344_Marble_FE_1985.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Marble, F. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vkatv-5vc18", "eprint_id": 21182, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:20:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:49:13", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Cetegen-B-M", "name": { "family": "Cetegen", "given": "B. M." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Visible structure of buoyant diffusion flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985 Published by Elsevier B.V. Twentieth Symposium (International) on Combustion. Available online 27 April 2007. This work was supported through grant G8-9014\nfrom The Center for Fire Research of The National\nBureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce.\nAuthors are thankful to Mr. J. S. Patton andM. Otto who helped in taking the video data andto Drs. J. Rockett and J. G. Quintiere of the Fire Research Center who gave valuable support.", "abstract": "Natural gas diffusion flames stabilized on 0.10, 0.19 and 0.50 m. diameter porous bed burners have been studied for heat release rates ranging from 10 to 200 kW. Flame heights were measured from video tape recordings and by eye averaged techniques. The dependence of flame height on a dimensionless heat addition parameter shows a transition for values of the parameter around unity. For flames taller than three burner diameters, the initial diameter of the fire does not affect the length of the flame whereas for short flames, initial geometry becomes important. Another prominent feature of these flames is the presence of large scale axisymmetric structures which are formed close to the burner surface with more or less regular frequency and which rise through the flame region. These structures are responsible for the fluctuations of the flame top and strongly influence the geometry of the flame.", "date": "1985", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion : [papers]", "volume": "20", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "361-366", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-110336671", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-110336671", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Center for Fire Research of the National Institute of Standards", "grant_number": "G8-9014" }, { "agency": "U.S. Department of Commerce" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(85)80522-1", "pub_year": "1985", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E.; Cetegen, B. M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mbt1q-0cw07", "eprint_id": 21161, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:27:15", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:48:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cetegen-B-M", "name": { "family": "Cetegen", "given": "B. M." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Entrainment in the Near and Far Field of Fire Plumes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1984 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc. Presented at the Fire Research Conference in honor of Howard Emmons, Washington D.C., 1983. This work was supported through grant G8-9014 from The Center for Fire Research of The\nNational Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce. The authors are thankful to Drs. J. Rockett and J. G. Quintiere of the Fire Research Center who gave valuable support.", "abstract": "This paper describes entrainment measurements made in fire plumes with a new technique. Measurements were in plumes rising from natural gas diffusion flames stabilized on 0.10, 0.19 and 0.50 m diameter burners and the heat release rates ranged from 10 to 200 kW. The heights examined ranged from elevations starting very close to the burner surface to distances about five times the average flame heights. Experiments indicate the presence of three regions: a region close to the burner surface where plume entrainment rates are independent of the fuel flow (or heat release) rates; a far field region above the flame top, where a simple point source model correlates the data reasonably well; and an intermediate region where entrainment appears to be similar to that of a turbulent plume.", "date": "1984", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "39", "number": "1", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "305-331", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-091030426", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-091030426", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Center for Fire Research of The National Bureau of Standards", "grant_number": "G8-9014" }, { "agency": "U.S. Department of Commerce" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102208408923794", "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Cetegen, B. M.; Zukoski, E. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cpaaq-97c85", "eprint_id": 21235, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:27:21", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:36", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Strand-L-D", "name": { "family": "Strand", "given": "L. D." } }, { "id": "Magiawala-K-R", "name": { "family": "Magiawala", "given": "K. R." } } ] }, "title": "Microwave measurement of solid propellant pressure-coupled response function", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1984, Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory. March 1980,\nJet Propulsion Laboratory\nCalifornia Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91103 (JPL Publication 80-4). Distribution limited to U.S. Government Agencies only: Test and evaluation; 26 March 1979. Other requests for this document must be referred to AFRPL/TSPR (STINFO), EDWARDS AFB, CA 93523. This technical report is approved for release and distribution in\naccordance with the distribution statement on the cover and on the DO Form 1473.", "date": "1984", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-091246752", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-091246752", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "TR-79-84", "name": "AFRPL" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Strand, L. D. and Magiawala, K. R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hnmp-v4b80", "eprint_id": 21273, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:27:25", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:46", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Numerical calculations of pressure oscillations in a side-dump ramjet engine", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1984 AIAA. \n\nThe authors are indebted to Mr. J. N. Levine for providing the current numerical code for the self adjusting hybrid scheme, and to W. H. Clark and J. W.\nHumphrey for several informative conversations. This\nwork represents a part of the results obtained from\nthe research program supported partly by the California\nInstitute of Technology and partly by the Air Force\nOffice of Scientific Research, Grant No. AFOSR-80-0265.\n\nPublished - 276_Yang_V_1984.pdf
", "abstract": "Pressure oscillations in a side-dump ramjet engine\nhave been studied, using a one-dimensional numerical\nanalysis. The engine is treated in two parts; the inlet\nsection, including a region of two-phase flow downstream\nof fuel injection, and a dump combustor. Each\nregion is treated separately and matched with the\nother. Following calculation of the mean flow field, the\noscillatory characteristics of the engine are determined\nby its reponse to a disturbance imposed on the\nmean fiow. Results have shown favorable comparison\nwith experimental data obtained at the Naval Weapons\nCenter, China Lake.", "date": "1984", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-115108188", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-115108188", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "84-365", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "276_Yang_V_1984.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hnmp-v4b80/files/276_Yang_V_1984.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1984", "author_list": "Yang, V. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xyxx9-h6n68", "eprint_id": 21242, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:14:07", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:52:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Rogers-T", "name": { "family": "Rogers", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "The Response of Normal Shocks in Diffusers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1983, submitted May 6, 1982; revision received Jan. 26, 1983. Presented as Paper 81-1431 at the AIAA/SAE/ASME 17th Joint Propulsion Conference, Colorado Springs, Colo., July 27-29, 1981. I am indebted to Dr. M. Sajben for several useful\ndiscussions, particularly concerning the approximation of\nquasisteady behavior, and to V. Yang for his help in completing\nsome of the calculations. This work was supported\npartly by the Navy Liquid Fuel Ramjet Component\nTechnology Program (N00123-77-C-0541) and partly by the\nAir Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant AFOSR-80-\n0265.\n\nPublished - 265_Culick_FEC_1981.pdf
", "abstract": "The frequency response of a normal shock in a diverging channel is calculated for application to problems of\npressure oscillations in ramjet engines. Two limits of a linearized analysis arc discussed: one represents isentropic\nflow on both sides of a shock wave; the other may be a crude appr'l'I;imation to the influence of flow separation\ninduced hy the wave. Numerical results arc given, and the influences of the shock wave on oscillations in the\nengine are discus,ed.", "date": "1983-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "21", "number": "10", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1382-1390", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-111845159", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-111845159", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Navy Liquid Fuel Ramjet Component Technology Program", "grant_number": "N00123-77-C0541" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.60147", "primary_object": { "basename": "265_Culick_FEC_1981.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xyxx9-h6n68/files/265_Culick_FEC_1981.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Rogers, T." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/maw8d-sjn85", "eprint_id": 21268, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:08:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:53:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Ruth-E-K", "name": { "family": "Ruth", "given": "E. K." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments on a Crossflow Heat Exchanger With Tubes of Lenticular Shape", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983 ASME. \nReceived March 1, 1982.\nThis investigation was supported by the U.S. Department\nof Energy under Contract EX 76-0-0J-1305 with the\nCalifornia Institute of Technology. The author wishes to\nexpress his thanks for this support and to Professor W. D.\nRannie, who suggested the investigation and gave advice\nduring its execution.\n\nPublished - 274_Ruth_EK_1982.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of pressure losses and heat transfer rates were made for an unconventional\ncrossflow heat exchanger with tubes of lenticular cross section so\nspaced to reduce variation in the velocity of the fluid outside the tubes, thus\nreducing separation and drag. The results of these experiments are reported for\nvarious tube spacing and demonstrate that the performance of the lenticular tube\nheat exchanger is superior to that of conventional circular tubes by 20 percent at\nReynolds numbers of 20,000 to 50,000.", "date": "1983-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Heat Transfer", "volume": "105", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Society of Mechanical Engineers", "pagerange": "571-575", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-111159133", "issn": "0022-1481", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-111159133", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "EX 76-0-0J-1305" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1115/1.3245623", "primary_object": { "basename": "274_Ruth_EK_1982.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/maw8d-sjn85/files/274_Ruth_EK_1982.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Ruth, E. K." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rhrxk-ymc23", "eprint_id": 21258, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:31:14", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:44", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Awad-E", "name": { "family": "Awad", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Existence and stability of limit cycles for pressure oscillations incombustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. This work was supported by the California Institute\nof Technology, by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch, Grant No. AFOSR-80-0265, and by the Naval\nWeapons Center, Contract N 60530-82-C-0137.\n\nPublished - 272_Awad_A_1983..pdf
", "abstract": "In this paper, we discuss two problems. First, using a second order expansion in the pressure amplitude, some analytical results on the existence, stability and amplitude of limit cycles for pressure oscillations in combusticm chambers are presented. A stable limit cycle seems to be unique. The conditions for existence and stability are found to be dependent only on the linear parameters. The nonlinear parameter affects only the wave amplitude. The imaginary parts of the linear responses, to pressure oscillations, of the different processes in the chamber play an important role in the stability of the limit cycle. They also affect the direction of flow of energy among modes. In the absence of the imaginary parts, in order for an infinitesimal perturbation in the flow to reach a finite amplitude, the lowest mode must be unstable while the highest must be stable; thus energy flows from the\nlowest mode to the highest one. The same case exists\nwhen the imaginary parts are non-zero, but in addition,\nthe contrary situation is possible. There are conditions\nunder which an infinitesimal perturbation may reach a finite amplitude if the lowest mode is stable while the highest is unstable. Thus energy can flow \"backward\" from the highest mode to the lowest one. It is also shown that the imaginary parts increase the final wave amplitude. Second, the triggering of pressure oscillations in\nsolid propellant rockets is discussed. In order to explain the triggering of the oscillations to a nontrivial stable: limit cycle, the treatment of two modes and the inclusion in the combustion response of either a second order nonlinear velocity coupling or a third order nonlinear pressure coupling seem to be sufficient.", "date": "1983", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-094958257", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-094958257", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "1983-576", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "272_Awad_A_1983..pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rhrxk-ymc23/files/272_Awad_A_1983..pdf" }, "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Awad, E. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/an2gy-r1y81", "eprint_id": 21983, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:31:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:34:34", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments concerning the mechanism of flame blowoff from bluff bodies", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983. The work described herein was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory with financial support of the Ordnance Corps, U.S. Army.\n\nSubmitted - 82a_Zukoski_EE.pdf
", "abstract": "The general problem of flame stabilization on bluff objects centers about the determination of the maximum stream velocity at which stable combustion may be achieved for various flame holder geometries, gas mixtures and conditions of the approaching combustible stream. Since the process involves both gas dynamic problems and chemical kinetic problems of great complexity, the most reasonable approach is one of similarity, that is, to determine under what conditions the behavior of one flame holder is similar to the behavior of another one. Because a very large number of physical and chemical variables is involved in a combustion problem, similarity conditions can be formulated most easily after experimental investigations have indicated which parameters or groups exert little influence on the mechanism and hence may be neglected. The experiments\ndescribed in this paper were conducted with the object\nof clarifying the role of the more important parameters\nin the flame holding mechanism. The results indicate\nthat a relatively simple formulation of the similarity conditions may be obtained in which the fluid mechanical\nparameters and chemical parameters are effectively separated.", "date": "1983", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-125953778", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-125953778", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Army Ordnance Corps" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "82A", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "82a_Zukoski_EE.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/an2gy-r1y81/files/82a_Zukoski_EE.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sxtda-9kr10", "eprint_id": 21222, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:31:09", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:33", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yang-V", "name": { "family": "Yang", "given": "V." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Linear Theory of Pressure Oscillations in liquid-Fueled Ramjet Engines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1983, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \nThis work was, supported by the California Institute\nof Technology and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Grant No. AFOSR-80-0265.\n\nPublished - Yang_v_1983.pdf
", "abstract": "Pressure oscillations in ramjet engines are studied.\nwithin quasi one-dimensional linear acoustics. The flow\nfield in the dump combustor is approximated by division\ninto three parts: a flow of reactants, a region containing combustion products, and a recirculation zone, separated by a flame sheet and a dividing streamline. \nThe three zones are matched by considering kinematic\nand conservation relations. Acoustic fields in the inlet\nsection and in the combustion chamber are coupled to\nprovide an analytical equation for the complex wave\nnumber characterizing the linear stability. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data reported by the Naval Weapons Center. Reasonable agreements are obtained.", "date": "1983", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-145019986", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-145019986", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AFOSR-80-0265." } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "83-0574", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Yang_v_1983.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sxtda-9kr10/files/Yang_v_1983.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1983", "author_list": "Yang, V. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vp90y-a2g80", "eprint_id": 21257, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:19:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:53:16", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Nomoto-H", "name": { "family": "Nomoto", "given": "H." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "An experimental investigation of pure tone generation by vortex shedding in a duct", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1982 Academic Press Inc. (London) Limited. Received 16 September 1981, and in revised form 16 January 1982. Available online 13 December 2006. \n\nThe authors have benefitted greatly from conversations with Professors T. Kubota and A. Roshko. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100.", "abstract": "An experimental investigation has been carried out for acoustic oscillations sustained by flow through a duct containing two baffles. Pure acoustic tones corresponding to longitudinal resonant modes of the duct are produced when certain flow and geometrical conditions are satisfied. The conditions are such as to ensure close coincidence between the frequency of vortex shedding from the forward baffle, and a natural frequency of the duct. Flow visualization has shown that under these conditions a stable vortex structure exists between the baffles, containing at all times an integral number of vortices.", "date": "1982-09-22", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "84", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "247-252", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-093924977", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-093924977", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0022-460X(82)80007-2", "pub_year": "1982", "author_list": "Nomoto, H. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/92328-qgz09", "eprint_id": 21926, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:24:04", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:30:39", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cetegen-B-M", "name": { "family": "Cetegen", "given": "Baki M." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } } ] }, "title": "Integral solution of a buoyant diffusion flame", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1981. Supported through grant number G8-9014.\nU.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards Center for Fire Research.\n\nPublished - 281_Cetegen_BM_1981.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of the rate of ambient air entrainment by axisymmetric\ndiffusion flames suggest that entrainment occurs at a wrinkled laminar\nflame front in the lower regions of visible flame (Ref. 1). Entrainment\nof such flames requires a solution of the axisymmetric steady laminar\ndiffusion flame which does not yield a self-similar solution. If one\nthen considers the simple case of steady plane diffusion flame in\nsemi-infinite fuel and oxidizer media separated by a flame sheet, an\nexact similarity solution can be obtained from equations of motion,\nenergy and species conservation equations. This solution can also\nincorporate the differences in fuel and oxidizer densities resulting\nfrom either molecular weight differences or the temperature differences\nof oxidizer and fuel media. This problem was treated by G. C. Fleming\nand F. E. Marble to investigate the stability of such a flame front to\nperiodic disturbances (Ref. 2). Inspired by their study, we chose to\ndevelop an integral solution to the same problem by appropriate selection\nof velocity, temperature and species profiles.", "date": "1981-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110131-072412068", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110131-072412068", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department Of Commerce (DOC)", "grant_number": "G8-9014" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "281_Cetegen_BM_1981.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/92328-qgz09/files/281_Cetegen_BM_1981.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1981", "author_list": "Cetegen, Baki M. and Kubota, Toshi" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k616g-5d484", "eprint_id": 21261, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:07:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:53:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Magiawala-K-R", "name": { "family": "Magiawala", "given": "K. R." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Measurements of energy exchange between acoustic fields and non-uniform steady flow fields", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1981 Academic Press Inc. (London) Limited. Received 26 February 1979, and in revised form 26 September 1980. \nAvailable online 25 July 2003. \n\nThis work was supported by the California Institute of Technology, the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, contract No. NAS\n7-100; and by the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory.", "abstract": "This paper describes an experimental investigation of interactions between acoustic\nwaves and a non-uniform steady flow field. Data have been obtained for a resonance tube\nhaving a vent at the center in the lateral boundary, an average flow being introduced at the\nends. Experiments have been done for both circular and slot vents, over ranges of both\nfrequency and Mach number. According to the one-dimensional linear stability analysis,\nthe interactions between the longitudinal acoustic field and the mean flow in the vicinity of\nthe vent cause a net transfer of acoustic energy from the average flow to the acoustic field.\nThis result has been verified by the experiments reported here. The gain of energy\nmeasured is less than that deduced from a one-dimensional analysis.", "date": "1981-04-22", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "75", "number": "4", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "503-517", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-102019799", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-102019799", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA" }, { "agency": "JPL", "grant_number": "NAS7-100" }, { "agency": "Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(81)90438-7", "pub_year": "1981", "author_list": "Magiawala, K. R. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x2dbm-5gm90", "eprint_id": 21240, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:56:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:52:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } }, { "id": "Cetegen-B", "name": { "family": "Cetegen", "given": "Baki" } } ] }, "title": "Entrainment in Fire Plumes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1981, Elsevier Seqoia S.A., Lausanne. This work has been carried out with support from The Center for Fire Research of the National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department\nof Commerce, under the technical management of Drs. James Quintierre and John A. Rockett.", "abstract": "A new technique for measurement of mass flow rates in buoyant fire plumes is described. The characteristics of 10 - 200 k W methane diffusion flames stabilized on porous-bed-burners of 0.10 - 0.50 m dia. are described. A\ntransition in the dependence of flame height on heat input and burner size was observed when the flame height was about four times the burner diameter. The mass flow rates in\nthe buoyant plumes produced by the fires were measured for a range of elevations starting just below the time-averaged top of the flame and extending to six times this flame\nheight. The mass flow rates in this region of the plume were correlated by the use of a simple plume model. Atmospheric and forced disturbances in the air being entrained increased the entrainment rate of the plume.", "date": "1981-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Fire Safety Journal", "volume": "3", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "107-121", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-105713788", "issn": "0379-7112", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-105713788", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Center for Fire Research of The National Bureau of Standards" }, { "agency": "U.S. Department of Commerce" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0379-7112(81)90037-0", "pub_year": "1981", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E.; Kubota, Toshi; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5prx-aqg08", "eprint_id": 21243, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:35:16", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:38", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Magiawala-K", "name": { "family": "Magiawala", "given": "K." } }, { "id": "Wat-J", "name": { "family": "Wat", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Awad-E", "name": { "family": "Awad", "given": "E." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Measurements of interactions between acoustic fields and nonuniform mean flow", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Unclassified; No Copyright; Unlimited; Publicly available. NASA Center: NASA (non Center Specific). Publication Year: 1980. Added to NTRS: 2005-10-10. Work supported by the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory. In NASA. Langley Research Center The 17th JANNAF Combust. Meeting, Vol. 1 p 321-336 (SEE N81-16253 07-28). No digital version available. Reference in Nasa Technical Reports Server (NTRS)\n\nAccepted Version - 266_Magiawala_K_1981.pdf
", "abstract": "Two problems crucial to the stability of longitudinal acoustic waves in solid rocket motors are examined experimentally. The first is the dissipation of energy associated with an average flow inward at the lateral boundary. Measurements reported here, though subject to considerable experimental error, show that the actual\nlosses are much larger than predicted by the approximate one dimensional analysis. The second problem is the attenuation of waves accompanying reflection by the nonuniform flow in a choked exhaust nozzle. Empahsis in this work has been on technique, to provide data relatively easily and inexpensively. It appears that good results can be obtained in a routine manner using small supersonic wind tunnel operated as an open cycle. At least for Mach\nnumbers up to 0.04 at the nozzle entrance, difficulties with signal/noise are satisfactorily overcome with a tracking filter.", "date": "1980-11-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "NASA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-114247352", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-114247352", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "19810007754", "name": "Document ID" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "266_Magiawala_K_1981.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5prx-aqg08/files/266_Magiawala_K_1981.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Magiawala, K.; Wat, J.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j1j4z-6hv06", "eprint_id": 21238, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 02:22:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:52:17", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kushner-M-J", "name": { "family": "Kushner", "given": "M. J." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A model for the dissociation pulse, afterglow, and laser pulse in the Cu/CuCI double pulse laser", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "gas lasers; mathematical models; dissociation; pulses; afterglow; copper; copper chlorides; data; energy dependence; optimization; temperature dependence; pressure dependence", "note": "\u00a9 1980 American Institute of Physics. Received 4 September 1979; accepted for publication 7 January 1980. Computing funds were provided by the Caltech Division of Engineering and Applied Science. One of the authors (MJK) would like to acknowledge support by a Dr. Chaim Weizmann Postdoctoral Fellowship. Publication charges were graciously paid by Sandia Laboratories.\n\nPublished - 261_Kushner_MJ_1980.pdf
", "abstract": "A model which completely describes the Cu/CuCI double pulse laser is presented. The dissociation discharge pulse and afterglow are simulated and the results are used as initial\nconditions for an analysis of the pumping discharge pulse and laser pulse. Experimental behavior including the minimum, optimum, and maximum delays between pulses, and the dependence of laser pulse energy on dissociation energy are satisfactorily reproduced. An optimum tube temperature is calculated, and the dependence of laser pulse energy on tube temperature (i.e., CuCI vapor pressure) is explained for the first time.", "date": "1980-06-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "51", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "3020-3032", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-101900961", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101208-101900961", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech Division of Engineering and Applied Science" }, { "agency": "Chaim Weizmann Postdoctoral Fellowship" }, { "agency": "Sandia Laboratories" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.328088", "primary_object": { "basename": "261_Kushner_MJ_1980.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j1j4z-6hv06/files/261_Kushner_MJ_1980.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Kushner, M. J. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yng30-76c21", "eprint_id": 21178, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 13:04:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:49:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } } ] }, "title": "Two-layer modeling of smoke movement in building fires", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Heyden & Son Ltd, 1980. Received 25 May 1978; accepted in revised form 30 October 1979. Article first published online: 14 SEP 2004. The model described in this paper has been developed under a grant from the Fire Research Center of the National Bureau of Standards and the authors were supported technically during their work by Dr John Rockett and Dr J. Quintiere of the Center.", "abstract": "A description is given of a model which predicts the motion of combustion products and fresh air caused by a fire located in one room of a two-room structure. The gas in each room is assumed to be divided into two homogeneous layers, a layer next to the ceiling which contains hot combustion products and one next to the floor which contains fresh air. The model predicts the motion of the interface separating these layers and the density of the hot layers as a function of time and an arbitrarily specified fire heat release rate.", "date": "1980-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Fire and Materials", "volume": "4", "number": "1", "publisher": "Heyden & Son Ltd", "pagerange": "17-27", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-103041848", "issn": "1099-1018", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101206-103041848", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Fire Research Center of the National Bureau of Standards" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/fam.810040103", "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E. and Kubota, Toshi" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rmgmj-djj95", "eprint_id": 21255, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 02:14:20", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:42", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Theoretical Analysis of Nitric Oxide Production in a Methane/Air Turbulent Diffusion Flame", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Flames; Nitrogen oxide(NO); Combustion; Air pollution; Turbulence; Diffusion flames; Mathematical models; Methane; Shear flow", "note": "\u00a9 1980, National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP). The authors wish to acknowledge an essential contribution of the technical staff of the Energy and Environmental Research Corporation to this work. \n\n[EPA] Contract No. 68-02-2613\nProgram Element No. INE829\nEPA Project Officer: W.S. Lanier\n\nPublished - 268_Marble_FE_1980.pdf
", "abstract": "The coherent flame model is applied to the methane-air turbulent diffusion flame with the objective of describing the production of nitric oxide. The example of a circular jet of methane discharging into a stationary air atmosphere is used to illustrate application of the model. In the model, the chemical reactions take place in laminar flame elements which are lengthened by the turbulent fluid motion and shortened when adjacent flame segments consume intervening reactant. The rates with which methane and\nair are consumed and nitric oxide generated in the strained laminar flame are computed numerically in an independent calculation. The model predicts nitric oxide levels of approximately 80 parts per million at the end of the flame generated by a 30.5 cm (1 foot) diameter jet of methane issuing at 3.05 x 10^3 cm/sec (100 ft/sec). The model also\npredicts that this level varies directly with the fuel jet diameter and inversely with the jet velocity. A possibly important nitric oxide production mechanism, neglected in\nthe present analysis, can be treated in a proposed extension to the model.", "date": "1980-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Environmental Protection Agency", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-090337380", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-090337380", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Environmental Protection Agency", "grant_number": "68-02-2613" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "600/7-80-018", "name": "EPA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "268_Marble_FE_1980.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rmgmj-djj95/files/268_Marble_FE_1980.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fgc7z-6ee17", "eprint_id": 21252, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:52:03", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:40", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Rogers-T", "name": { "family": "Rogers", "given": "T." } } ] }, "title": "Modeling pressure oscillations in Ramjets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1980, AIAA. Sponsored By:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). This work was sponsored in part by the Navy-Liquid Fuel Ramjet Engine Component Technology (N00123-77-C-0541) and by the Air Force-Liquid Fuel Ramjet Engine Demonstrator\n(F33615-76-C-2073) (LFRED) Programs.\n\nPublished - 267_Culick_FEC_1980.pdf
", "abstract": "Pressure oscillations in ramjet engines are approximated as one-dimensional motions and treated within linear acoustics. The exhaust nozzle is represented by the admittance function for a short choked nozzle. New results have been obtained for the quasi-steady response of a\nnormal shock wave in the diffuser. Acoustic fields in the inlet region and in the combustion chamber are matched to provide an analytical expression of the criterion for linear stability. Combustion processes are accommodated but not treated in detail. As examples, data are discussed\nfor two liquid-fueled engines, one having axial dump and one having side dumps.", "date": "1980", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-074709263", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101209-074709263", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Navy-Liquid Fuel Ramjet Engine Component Technology", "grant_number": "N00123-77-C-0541" }, { "agency": "Air Force-Liquid Fuel Ramjet Engine Demostrator (LFRED)", "grant_number": "F33615-76-C-2073" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "80-1192", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "267_Culick_FEC_1980.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fgc7z-6ee17/files/267_Culick_FEC_1980.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1980", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Rogers, T." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/15066-zwv15", "eprint_id": 21308, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 12:30:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Magiawala-K", "name": { "family": "Magiawala", "given": "K." } } ] }, "title": "Excitation of acoustic modes in a chamber by vortex shedding", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1979 Academic Press Inc. (London) Limited. Received 29 January 1979. Available online 25 July 2003.", "abstract": "Large solid propellant rocket motors are conveniently assembled with segmented grains.\nThe interfaces of the grains are coated with inert, slow-burning material. As the propellant\nburns radially during a firing, the inert material is exposed in the form of annular rings\noriented normal to the axis of the chamber. The flow through a ring will produce periodic\nshedding of vortices over a broad range of conditions.", "date": "1979-06-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "64", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "455-457", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-084217131", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-084217131", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(79)90591-1", "pub_year": "1979", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Magiawala, K." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kafrt-byz19", "eprint_id": 21850, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:48:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:26:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "Sebastien M." } } ] }, "title": "An analytical study of the non-steady behavior of large combustors", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1979 Combustion Institute; Published by Elsevier B.V. \nAvailable online 5 May 2007.", "abstract": "The transient response of large burners depends primarily upon fluid mechanical adjustment rather than in time delays associated with transient chemical response. Examples of this behavior are the non-steady behavior of burners in utility boilers, and the low-frequency response of after burners in aircraft gas turbines. The non-steady behavior of a flame stabilized by a single-flame holder at the center of a long two-dimensional duct is investigated analytically when it is excited by periodic acoustic\ndisturbances that approach the flame zone from either the upstream or downstream direction. The flame zone itself is considered acoustically compact. The problem is treated by an integral technique in which relevant equations are integrated across high-density and low-density portions of the gas separately; the two fields are then coupled across the thin flame front, the determination of its shape being part of the solution. Transmission and reflection coefficients were calculated for a range of flame velocities, burner inlet flow velocities, combustion temperature ratio and imposed acoustic frequency.\nThe results showed that a considerably stronger pressure wave passed upstream of the flame than downstream, in the sense that could be expected from the different acoustic impedences of the hot and cold gas. Of most significance, however, was the very large (active) response of the burner at certain characteristic frequencies which corresponded to well-defined values of \u03c9L/u_o where L is the length of the flame zone and u_o is the flow velocity upstream of the burner. It is indicated that these energetic response modes result from vorticity shed from the distorted flame which induces a propagating wave along the flame front.", "date": "1979", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "17", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "761-769", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-130330771", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-130330771", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(79)80074-0", "pub_year": "1979", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Candel, Sebastien M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3r4f9-ynv28", "eprint_id": 21213, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:54:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:51:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sears-W-R", "name": { "family": "Sears", "given": "William R." } }, { "id": "Sears-M-R", "name": { "family": "Sears", "given": "Mabel R." } } ] }, "title": "The K\u00e1rm\u00e1n years at GALCIT", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "GALCIT; Theodore von Karman", "note": "\u00a9 1979 by Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1979.11:1-11. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by California Institute of Technology on 12/07/10. For personal use only.\n\nPublished - 362_Sears_WR_1979.pdf
", "abstract": "[No abstract]", "date": "1979", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics", "volume": "11", "publisher": "Annual Reviews Inc", "pagerange": "1-11", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-103410790", "issn": "0066-4189", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101207-103410790", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "8132", "name": "GALCIT" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1146/annurev.fl.11.010179.000245", "primary_object": { "basename": "362_Sears_WR_1979.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3r4f9-ynv28/files/362_Sears_WR_1979.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1979", "author_list": "Sears, William R. and Sears, Mabel R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kvgjh-eka52", "eprint_id": 21305, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:47:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:40", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "The Origins of the First Powered, Man-carrying Airplane", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 F. E. C. Culick, 1979.", "abstract": "The Wright brothers' \"Flyer\" of 1903 was not just a lucky effort by two bicycle mechanics from Dayton but the outcome of an intensive program of research, engineering and testing", "date": "1979", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Scientific American", "volume": "241", "number": "1", "publisher": "Scientific American", "pagerange": "86-100", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-074304929", "issn": "0036-8733", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-074304929", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1038/scientificamerican0779-86", "pub_year": "1979", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9kj87-2kc67", "eprint_id": 7162, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:52:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 20:44:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kushner-M-J", "name": { "family": "Kushner", "given": "M. J." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Extrema of electron density and output pulse energy in a CuCl/Ne discharge and a Cu/CuCl double-pulsed laser", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Gas lasers; pulse techniques; electron density; copper chlorides; neon; electric discharges; interherometry; ionization; performance; plasma diagnostics; electron temperature.", "note": "\u00a9 1978 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived 25 May 1978; accepted for publication 16 August 1978. \n\nThis work was supported by grant PF-083 from the President's Fund, California Institute of Technology. The experiments were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The authors especially are indebted to Noble Nerheim for his initial and continuing advice throughout the program. The authors wish also to thank Robert Chapman and George Alahuzas for their technical assistance.\n\nPublished - 250_Kushner_MJ_1978.pdf
", "abstract": "Electron-density measurements have been made in a CuCl/Ne discharge using a CO2 laser interferometer. A local maximum followed by a local minimum in electron density have been found to move a higher tube temperature with higher buffer pressure. Extrema in Cu/CuCl double-pulsed laser energy may be correlated with the extrema in electron density. An analysis based on rate equations yields qualitative agreement with measured laser-pulse energies. The results support the idea that ionization of copper is primarily responsible for the decrease of laser output as the tube temperature is increased.", "date": "1978-10-15", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Applied Physics Letters", "volume": "33", "number": "8", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "728-731", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:KUSapl78", "issn": "0003-6951", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:KUSapl78", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech President's Fund", "grant_number": "PF-083" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "GALCIT" }, { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.90518", "primary_object": { "basename": "250_Kushner_MJ_1978.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9kj87-2kc67/files/250_Kushner_MJ_1978.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Kushner, M. J. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9pfpf-kxj80", "eprint_id": 21299, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:19:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Development of a Stratified Ceiling Layer in the Early Stages of a Closed-room Fire", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1978 Heyden & Son Ltd. Received 15 July 1977. Article first published online: 23 SEP 2004. The work reported in this paper grew out of a discussion between the author and Drs J. Quintiere and J. Rockett of the Fire Research Center, National Bureau of Standards and was carried out under a grant from the Fire Research Center.", "abstract": "A simple analytical model has been developed to determine the time required for a room to fill with products of\ncombustion from a small fire. The room is assumed to be closed except for small openings at either the floor or ceiling\nlevel and the assumption is made that the leak is large enough to allow the transient pressure term in the energy\nequation to be neglected. Products of combustion are assumed to occupy a layer next to the ceiling and the model\npredicts the growth of the thickness and the mean density of this layer as a function of time. The analysis shows\nthat times required to fill a typical room are small. For example, a typical bedroom fills with products from a 20 kW\nfire in several minutes. The time required to fill a room and the mean density of ceiling layer are determined in\nterms of fire size, room geometry, leak position, fire elevation and geometry.", "date": "1978-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Fire and Materials", "volume": "2", "number": "2", "publisher": "Wiley-Blackwell", "pagerange": "54-62", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-114840222", "issn": "0308-0501", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-114840222", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Fire Research Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1002/fam.810020203", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/575zb-n5e77", "eprint_id": 21855, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:09:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:26:23", "type": "book", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Kubota-T", "name": { "family": "Kubota", "given": "Toshi" } } ] }, "title": "A computer model for fluid dynamic aspects of a transient fire in a two room structure", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Combustion, fires", "note": "\u00a9 June 1978. \nNational Bureau of Standards Center for Fire Research Grant No. 5-9004.\n\nSecond Edition.\n\nPublished - 263_Zukoski_EE.pdf
", "abstract": "A computer model which treats the fluid dynamic aspects of a\ntransient fire in a two-room structure is described. In the model, the gas in each room is divided into two regions of uniform density: A ceiling layer which contains hot products of combustion, and a layer next to the floor which contains uncontaminated air. The fire plume entrains this fresh air, mixes it with hot combustion products and transports it to the ceiling layer. Flow through openings is\ndescribed by a calculation similar to that used for orifice flows. Fire growth, heat transfer to the walls, and other important features of a fire are described by ad hoc selection of parameters. The thickness and temperature of the ceiling layers and the rate of flow of hot and cold air through opening are calculated as a function of the time by numerical integration of ordinary differential equations derived from the conservation laws of mass and energy.\nA number of examples are presented to illustrate the use of the program and some general scaling rules for the initial stages of a room fire.", "date": "1978-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-143711174", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-143711174", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "National Bureau of Standards Center for Fire Research", "grant_number": "5-9004" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "263_Zukoski_EE.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/575zb-n5e77/files/263_Zukoski_EE.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E. and Kubota, Toshi" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xg58p-p8s18", "eprint_id": 21303, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:02:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:34", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Afterburners", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1985 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\n\nPublished - 251_Zukoski_EE_1978.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1978", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "45-144", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-141234875", "isbn": "978-1-60086-005-8", "book_title": "Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-141234875", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Oates-G-C", "name": { "family": "Oates", "given": "Gordon C." } }, { "id": "Przemieniecki-J-S", "name": { "family": "Przemieniecki", "given": "J. S." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "251_Zukoski_EE_1978.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xg58p-p8s18/files/251_Zukoski_EE_1978.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tap91-xnz70", "eprint_id": 21300, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 11:02:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Vetter-A-A", "name": { "family": "Vetter", "given": "A. A." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Thermal Theory Approximation to a Low-Pressure CS_2/O_2 Flame", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1978 by The Combustion Institute; Published by Elsevier North-Holland, Inc. Received 15 April 1977; revised 27 February 1978. Available online 7 August 2003. This work was supported by the Caltech President's Fund and AFOSR contract number 74-2674. The Division of Engineering and Applied\nScience of the California Institute of Technology\nprovided funds for computations.", "abstract": "A one-dimensional thermal theory is applied to a low-pressure, laminar, premixed, CS_2/O_2 flame. The\nspatial distribution of the species concentrations and rate of production of carbon monoxide are calculated.\nThe flame speed is calculated as a function of the initial O_2/CS_2 ratio at a pressure of 1 kPa.", "date": "1978", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "33", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "169-177", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-120127838", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-120127838", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech President's Fund" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "74-2674" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(78)90058-5", "pub_year": "1978", "author_list": "Vetter, A. A. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t2737-xyc09", "eprint_id": 21327, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:58:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:56:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cumpsty-N-A", "name": { "family": "Cumpsty", "given": "N. A." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "The Interaction of Entropy Fluctuations with Turbine Blade Rows; A Mechanism of Turbojet Engine Noise", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977, Royal Society. Communicated by Sir William Hawthorne, F.R.S. Received 23 November 1976. The authors wish to express their gratitude for the assistance provided by the Boeing Airplane Company, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, and Rolls-Royce Ltd., in making data available. They would also like to express the individual assistance by D. S. Whitehead of Cambridge University as well as R. R. Dils and E. M. Greitzer of Pratt and Whitney Aircraft.\n\nPublished - 243_Cumpsty_NA_1977.pdf
", "abstract": "The theory relating to the interaction of entropy fluctuations ('hot spots'), as well as vorticity and pressure, with blade rows is described. A basic feature of the model is that the blade rows have blades of sufficiently short chord that this is negligible in comparison with the wavelength of the disturbances. For the interaction of entropy with a blade row to be important, it is essential that the steady pressure change across the blade row should be large, although all unsteady perturbations are assumed small. A number of idealized examples have been calculated, beginning with isolated blade rows, progressing to single and then to several turbine stages. Finally, the model has been used to predict the low-frequency rearward-radiated acoustic power from a commercial turbojet engine. Following several assumptions, together with considerable empirical data, the correct trend and level are predicted, suggesting the mechanism to be important at low jet velocities.", "date": "1977-11-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences", "volume": "357", "number": "1690", "publisher": "Royal Society of London", "pagerange": "323-344", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-114306465", "issn": "1364-5021", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-114306465", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1098/rspa.1977.0171", "primary_object": { "basename": "243_Cumpsty_NA_1977.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t2737-xyc09/files/243_Cumpsty_NA_1977.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Cumpsty, N. A. and Marble, F. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/arngp-3s557", "eprint_id": 21340, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:52:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:57:24", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } }, { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "S. M." } } ] }, "title": "Acoustic disturbance from gas non-uniformities convected through a nozzle", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. Received 6 September 1976; revised 1 July 1977. Available online 24 July 2003.", "abstract": "The non-steady flow generated by convection of gas containing non-uniform temperature regions or \"entropy spots\" through a nozzle is examined analytically as a source of acoustic disturbance. The first portion of the investigation treats the \"compact nozzle\", the case\nwhere all wave lengths are much longer than the nozzle. Strengths of transmitted and reflected one-dimensional waves are given for supersonic and subsonic nozzles and for one configuration of supersonic nozzle with normal shock at the outlet. In addition to a wave reflected from the nozzle inlet, the supersonic nozzle discharges two waves, one facing upstream and the other facing downstream. For reasonable values of the nozzle inlet Mach number, the pressure amplitude of each wave increases directly as the discharge Mach number. The acoustic perturbations from a supercritical nozzle of finite length, in which the\nundisturbed gas velocity increases linearly through the nozzle, are analyzed for several inlet and discharge Mach number values and over a wide frequency range. The results,\nwhich agree with the compact analysis for low frequency, deviate considerably as the frequency rises, achieving pressure fluctuation levels of several times the compact values. It is shown that this result originates in a phase shift between the two waves emitted downstream and that the pressure fluctuations for moderate frequencies may be approximated from the compact analysis with an appropriate phase shift. In all cases, the pressure fluctuations caused by a 2% fluctuation in absolute inlet temperature are large enough to require consideration in acoustic analysis of nozzles or turbine blade channels.", "date": "1977-09-22", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "55", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "225-243", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-073952475", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-073952475", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(77)90596-X", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Marble, F. E. and Candel, S. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tfn80-39y50", "eprint_id": 21339, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:52:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:57:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cumpsty-N-A", "name": { "family": "Cumpsty", "given": "N. A." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "Core noise from gas turbine exhausts", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Received 10 October 1974, and in revised frm 27 May 1977. This work has been heavily dependent on the co-operation of the aeronautics industry.\nThe authors wish to thank Rolls-Royce Limited, for aerodynamic and noise data for the Spey 512 and Olympus 593, Pratt and Whitney Aircraft for aerodynamic data on the\nJT8D, and the Boeing Commercial Airplane Company for noise measurements from the\nJT8D. They would in particular like to express their gratitude to R. R. Dils of Pratt and Whitney Aircraft whose guidance on combustion chamber behaviour was invaluable.", "abstract": "There is abundant evidence to show that the exhaust noise from gas turbines contains\ncomponents which exceed the jet mixing noise at low jet velocities. This paper describes\nresults of a theory developed to calculate the acoustic power produced by tempetature\nfluctuations from the combustor entering the turbine. With the turbine Mach numbers and\nflow directions at blade mid-height, and a typical value for the fluctuation in temperature,\nas parameters it has been possible to predict the acoustic power due to this mechanism for\nthree different engines. In all three cases the agreement with measurements of acoustic power\nat low jet velocities is very good. Similarly, based on a measured spectrum of the temperature\nfluctuation, the prediction of the acoustic power spectrum agrees quite well with that\nmeasured.", "date": "1977-09-22", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "54", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "297-309", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-073031680", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-073031680", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(77)90031-1", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Cumpsty, N. A. and Marble, F. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/shqd2-5md72", "eprint_id": 21318, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:51:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:56:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Vetter-A-A", "name": { "family": "Vetter", "given": "A. A." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Rate of population of CO(v) in a CS_2/O_2 flame", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977 American Institute of Physics. This work was supported partly by Caltech funds and by AFOSR contract 74-2674. The Division of Engineering and Applied Science of the California Institute of Technology\nprovided funds for computations.\n\nPublished - 242_Vetter_AA_1976.pdf
", "abstract": "The rate of vibrational population of carbon monoxide in a steady CS_2/O_2 flame has been determined\nfrom CO overtone emission. A steady-state analysis indicates that, for a flame, the fifteenth vibrational\nlevel has the largest rate of population.", "date": "1977-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "67", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "2304-2308", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-112042239", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-112042239", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "74-2674" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.435065", "primary_object": { "basename": "242_Vetter_AA_1976.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/shqd2-5md72/files/242_Vetter_AA_1976.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Vetter, A. A. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rcbyj-4ny65", "eprint_id": 21315, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:36:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bohn-M-S", "name": { "family": "Bohn", "given": "M. S." } } ] }, "title": "Response of a subsonic nozzle to acoustic and entropy disturbances", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Received 22 June 1976, and in revised form 13 January 1977. Available online 29 July 2003. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Dr N. Cumpsty of Cambridge University for suggesting this problem, and to Professor F. E. Marble of the California Institute of Technology for his many helpful discussions of the problem.", "abstract": "The one-dimensional response of a subsonic nozzle flow to small pressure and entropy\ndisturbances is calculated. The response is expressed in terms of transmitted acoustic\nwaves (which propagate from the nozzle in the same direction as the disturbance wave)\nand reflected acoustic waves (which propagate from the nozzle in the direction opposite to\nthat of the disturbance wave) for three independent disturbances: a downstreampropagating\nacoustic wave impinging upon the nozzle inlet, an upstream-propagating\nwave impinging upon the nozzle exit, and an entropy wave convecting through the nozzle.\nThe solution for high frequency disturbances is discussed and used with the compact (long\nwavelength disturbance) solution to normalize several numerical calculations. The\nnormalization shows that the transmitted waves created by the two acoustic disturbances\nmay be represented by the same function offrequency for a given inlet and exit nozzle Mach\nnumber. The same is seen to be true for the reflected waves created by the two acoustic\ndisturbances. The normalization allows results for a wide range of nozzle Mach number\ndistributions and disturbance frequencies to be presented concisely.", "date": "1977-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "52", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "283-297", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-104516314", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-104516314", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(77)90647-2", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Bohn, M. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k89f0-pfd09", "eprint_id": 21293, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:24:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:09", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Broadwell-J-E", "name": { "family": "Broadwell", "given": "James E." } } ] }, "title": "The Coherent Flame Model for Turbulent Chemical Reactions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1977, January, Other Information: Prepared in cooperation with TRW Defense and Space Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif. Rept. no. TRW-29314-6001-RU-00. U.S. government authored or collected reports written by Purdue Univ. Lafayette in project SQUIDHEADQUARTERS. Final rept. 1 Mar 1975-31 Jan 1977. The authors thank F. E. Fendell and D. Haflinger for making this modification and for obtaining the computer results that are presented.\n\nAccepted Version - 247_Marble_FE_1977.pdf
", "abstract": "A description of the turbulent diffusion flame is proposed in which the flame structure is composed of a distribution of laminar diffusion flame elements, whose thickness is small in comparison with the large eddies. These elements retain their identity during the flame development; they are strained in their own plane by the gas motion, a process that not only extends their surface area, but also establishes the rate at which a flame element consumes the reactants. Where this flame stretching process has produced a high flame surface density, the flame area per unit volume, adjacent flame elements may consume the intervening reactant, thereby annihilating both flame segments. This is the flame shortening mechanism which, in balance with the flame stretching process, establishes the local level of the flame density. The consumption rate of reactant is then given simply by the product of the local flame density and the reactang consumption rate per unit area of flame surface. The proposed description permits a rather complete separation of the turbulent flow structure, on one hand, and the flame structure, on the other, and in this manner permits the treatment of reactions with complex chemistry with a minimum of added labor. The structure of the strained laminar diffusion flame may be determined by analysis, numerical computation, and by experiment without significant change to the model.", "date": "1977-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Project SQUID (Purdue University)", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-105056861", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-105056861", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "N0001475C1143" }, { "agency": "Project SQUID", "grant_number": "4965-52" }, { "agency": "Project SQUID", "grant_number": "8960-18" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "247_Marble_FE_1977.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k89f0-pfd09/files/247_Marble_FE_1977.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Broadwell, James E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5nt82-g1y85", "eprint_id": 21292, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:19:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:55:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Vetter-A-A", "name": { "family": "Vetter", "given": "A. A." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Flame Speed of a Low Pressure CS_2/O_2 Flame", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1977 by The Combustion Institute; Published by Elsevier North-Holland, Inc. Received 15 September 1976; revised 11 March 1977. Available online 7 August 2003. This work was supported by the Caltech President's Fund and AFOSR Contract 74-2674.", "abstract": "The flame speed for a low speed premixed CS_2/O_2 flame has been experimentally determined as a function of O_2/CS_2 ratio. The data, which are given in Fig. 1, were taken for lean flames at 1 kPa, under conditions which are similar to those found in flame lasers.", "date": "1977", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "30", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "107-109", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-102405671", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101210-102405671", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech President's Fund" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "74-2674" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(77)90055-4", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Vetter, A. A. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c37ym-e0t82", "eprint_id": 21341, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:20:10", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:57:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Remarks on Entropy Production in the One-Dimensional Approximation to Unsteady Flow in Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers Ltd., 1976. Received August 16, 1976. This work has been supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100.\n\n\"This note is intended to clarify some aspects of the analysis given earlier [Culick (1973), hereafter referred to as 1] for the treatment of unsteady flows in a combustion chamber.\" -- p. 1.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1977", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "15", "number": "3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "93-97", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-075406344", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-075406344", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207708946774", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1yvnh-ysx22", "eprint_id": 21316, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:20:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:56:03", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Role of Condensed Phase Details in the Oscillatory Combustion of Composite Propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers Ltd., 1977. Received September 28, 1976; in final form December 7, 1976. This work was performed for JPL (NASA Contract NAS\n7-100) under the Work Order 61496. The authors thank\nMr. Warren Dowler for helpful discussions and his enthusiastic encouragement at all stages.", "abstract": "The response functions of composite propellants are theoretically derived, including explicitly the pressure-dependent degradation term in the condensed phase, hypothesizing that the overall rate-limiting reactions are in the relatively low temperature condensed phase. The method of \"inner\" and \"outer\" expansions with the reduced activation energy as the singular perturbation parameter has been employed. The results cover subsurface reactions with and without surface reactions, adiabatic and uniform-combustion models for the quasisteady gas phase processes. The response functions display several experimentally observed features like dependence on mean pressure and the instability behavior of some \"zero-n\" propellants.", "date": "1977", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "15", "number": "5", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "179-199", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-105529799", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101213-105529799", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "61496", "name": "NASA Work Order" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207708946783", "pub_year": "1977", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tbjnj-f7w02", "eprint_id": 10314, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 01:15:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 22:47:50", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Sovero-E", "name": { "family": "Sovero", "given": "Emilio" } }, { "id": "Chen-C-J", "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Che Jen" } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Electron temperature measurements in a copper chloride laser utilizing a microwave radiometer", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "ELECTRON TEMPERATURE, GAS LASERS, COPPER, COPPER CHLORIDES, PENNING EFFECT, HELIUM, NEON, MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT, PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS, IONIZATION, RADIOMETERS", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1976 American Institute of Physics. \n\n(Received 17 May 1976) \n\nThe authors are indebted to Dr. Raymond Goldstein for the calculation of copper-atom ionization rates and to James Yocom for his technical assistance.", "abstract": "The electron temperature as a function of laser tube temperature of a copper vapor laser utilizing copper chloride as a lasant has been obtained by measuring the microwave incoherent radiation from the plasma in the laser tube. An unexpected increase of electron temperature at higher laser tube temperature may be due mainly to Penning ionization of the Cu atom by the metastable state of He or Ne buffer gases. The results obtained in this work provide part of the basis for understanding the behavior of the laser output as a function of tube temperature.", "date": "1976-10-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "47", "number": "10", "publisher": "Journal of Applied Physics", "pagerange": "4538-4542", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:SOVjap76", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:SOVjap76", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.322426", "primary_object": { "basename": "SOVjap76.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tbjnj-f7w02/files/SOVjap76.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Sovero, Emilio; Chen, Che Jen; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j19ye-0xt38", "eprint_id": 21423, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:09:45", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:01:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear behavior of acoustic waves in combustion chambers\u2014II", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press 1976. Received 15 September 1975; revised 4 March 1976. Available online 26 February 2003. This work was supported partly by Hercules Inc., Magna, Utah; by the Aerojet Solid Propulsion Co., Sacramento, California; and by the National Aeronatics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100.\n\nPublished - 236_Culick_FEC_1976.pdf
", "abstract": "The approximate analysis developed in Part I of Ihis work is apllied to severa1 specific problems. One purpose is to illustrate the use of the formalism, and second is to demostrate the validity of the method by comparing results with numerical solutions, obtained elsewhere, for the\n\"exact\" equations. A simple problem is treated first, the decay of a standing wave in a box containing a mixture of gas and suspended particles; one example of the steepening of an initially sinusoidal wave in pure gas is included. Viscous losses on an inert surface are treated essentially according to classical linear theory; recent experimental results are used as the basis for incorporating approximately the influence of nonlinear heat transfer in unsteady flow. All of the preceding results are combined in\ncalculations of two examples of unstable motions in a solid propellant rocket motor and in a T-burner.", "date": "1976-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Acta Astronautica", "volume": "3", "number": "9-10", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "735-757", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-103254887", "issn": "0094-5765", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-103254887", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Hercules, Inc." }, { "agency": "Aerojet Solid Propulsion Company" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0094-5765(76)90108-9", "primary_object": { "basename": "236_Culick_FEC_1976.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j19ye-0xt38/files/236_Culick_FEC_1976.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kffek-6v129", "eprint_id": 21419, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 10:02:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:01:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bohn-M-S", "name": { "family": "Bohn", "given": "M. S." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Effect of flow on the acoustic reflection coefficient at a duct inlet", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1976, Received 9 February 1976.\n\nPublished - 232_Bohn_MS_1976.pdf
", "abstract": "The effect of duct Mach number upon the acoustic reflection coefficient at the inlet of a duct with mean\nflow is investigated. An analysis, which models the duct inlet as a very short, one-dimensional nozzle over\nwhich the mean flow is accelerated from rest, gives good agreement with some recent experimental results.\nDiscrepancies between the analysis and the experimental results are discussed in terms of radiation losses at\nthe inlet and real fluid-flow effects within the duct.", "date": "1976-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Acoustical Society of America", "volume": "59", "number": "6", "publisher": "Acoustical Society of America", "pagerange": "1497-1499", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-092218676", "issn": "0001-4966", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-092218676", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1121/1.380993", "primary_object": { "basename": "232_Bohn_MS_1976.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kffek-6v129/files/232_Bohn_MS_1976.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Bohn, M. S. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mm56p-28542", "eprint_id": 21415, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:51:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:01:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Auerbach-J-M", "name": { "family": "Auerbach", "given": "J. M." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments concerning the response of supersonic nozzles to fluctuating inlet conditions", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1976 ASME. Received December 2, 1974. Contributed by the Gas Turbine Division and presented at the Gas Turbine\nConference, Houston, Texas, March 2-6, 1975, of THE AMERICAN\nSOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. Manuscript received at\nASME headquarters December 2,1974. Paper No. 75-GT-40.\n\nPublished - 231_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf
", "abstract": "The noise field produced by the passage of pressure and entropy fluctuations through a supersonic nozzle has been investigated in an experimental program. Magnitude and phase information for the disturbances produced within the nozzle are presented and are compared with numerical calculations.", "date": "1976-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Engineering for Power", "volume": "98", "number": "1", "publisher": "ASME", "pagerange": "60-64", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-080309933", "issn": "0022-0825", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-080309933", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "75-GT-40", "name": "Paper No." } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1115/1.3446114", "primary_object": { "basename": "231_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mm56p-28542/files/231_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E. and Auerbach, J. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7gm2f-ary87", "eprint_id": 21422, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:42:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:01:30", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Nonlinear behavior of acoustic waves in combustion chambers\u2014I", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1976, Pergamon Press. Received 25 August 1975; revised 4 March 1976. Available online 26 February 2003. This work was supported partly by Hercules, Inc., Magna, Utah; by the Aerojet Solid Propulsion Co., Sacramento, California; and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100. Manuscript received at ASME Headquarters December 2, 1974. Paper No. 75-GT-40.", "abstract": "This paper is concerned with the general problem of the nonlinear growth and limiting amplitude of acoustic waves in a combustion chamber. The analysis is intended to provide a formal framework within which practical problems can be treated with a minimum of effort and expense. There are broadly three parts. First, the general conservation equations are expanded in two small parameters, one characterizing the mean flow field and one measuring the amplitude of oscillations, and then combined to yield a nonlinear inhomogeneous wave equation. Second, the unsteady pressure and velocity fields are expressed as syntheses of the normal modes of the chamber, but with unknown time-varying amplitudes. This procedure yields a representation of a general unsteady field as a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators. Finally, the system of nonlinear equations is treated by the method of averaging to produce a set of coupled nonlinear first order differential equations for the amplitudes and phases of the modes. These must be solved numerically, but results can be obtained quite inexpensively.\n\nSubject to the approximations used, the analysis is applicable to any combustion chamber. The most interesting applications are probably to solid rockets, liquid rockets, or thrust augmentors on jet engines. The discussion of this report is oriented towards solid propellant rockets.", "date": "1976", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Acta Astronautica", "volume": "3", "number": "9", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "715-734", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-100432116", "issn": "0094-5765", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101217-100432116", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Hercules, Inc." }, { "agency": "Magna, Utah" }, { "agency": "Aerojet Propulsion Co." }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "75-GT-40", "name": "ASME" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0094-5765(76)90107-7", "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9rhat-ag651", "eprint_id": 21986, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:42:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:34:40", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Prediction of smoke movement in buildings", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1976.\n\nAccepted Version - 239_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf
", "abstract": "The purpose of this paper is to describe briefly and in a general way several schemes used to calculate the motion of smoke through a structure or part of a structure involved in a fire. Calculations of this type are required if we are to understand the spread fire through the structure and if we are to learn how to write building codes and other regulations which can provide the best possible protection for building occupants. For example, one of aims of designers of high rise buildings is the incorporation in their designs of regions where people can be protected from contact with cornbustion products without the requirement that they be able to escape from the building. Another aim is to restrict combustion products to the floor of the fire origin at least and, if possible, to a part of that floor. Finally, consider the simpler problem posed by the requirement that a ceiling or wall of a burning home be opened to change the flow of smoke such that firemen can approach the fire. To obtain a solution of each of these problems, we must be able to calculate the effects of smoke control measures (active or passive) on the gas motion.", "date": "1976", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-141659911", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-141659911", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "239_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9rhat-ag651/files/239_Zukoski_EE_1976.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ftkyn-mta42", "eprint_id": 22050, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:42:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:38:32", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Paparizos-Leonidas-G", "name": { "family": "Paparizos", "given": "L." } } ] }, "title": "Remarks on the two-mode approximation to the nonlinear behavior of pressure oscillations in combustion chambers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1976. This work was supported by Caltech funds and by the Office of Naval Research, Contract N00014-84-K-0434. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.\n\nSubmitted - 369_Culick_FEC.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper summarizes recent work on the approximation to nonlinear pressure oscillations using two\nmodes. A large part of the effort has been concerned with the consequences of gasdynamic nonlinearities of\nsecond order in the fluctuations. It appears that the two-mode approximation is valid over a broad range of\nthe linear parameters that govern the global qualitative behavior, particularly if the lower mode is the unstable\nmode. Exact solutions have been found for the existence and stability of limit cycles, allowing meaningful\ncomparison with numerical solutions obtained with larger numbers of modes considered. The nonlinear analysis\nto second order does not contain \"triggering\" - nonlinear instability of a linearly stable system - because the\nnonlinear processes order terms involving the mean flow speed, or DC shifts in the amplitudes of oscillation do\nproduce triggering.", "date": "1976", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-102353008", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-102353008", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-84-K-0434" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "369_Culick_FEC.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ftkyn-mta42/files/369_Culick_FEC.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1976", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Paparizos, L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ttc2v-aa012", "eprint_id": 21398, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:18:39", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:11", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } } ] }, "title": "Further experimental results on the structure and acoustics of turbulent jet flames", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Inc., 1975. The author continues to feel deeply grateful to the Solid Propellant Engineering Section at JPL for allowing\nthe use of their experimental facilities. He specially\nthanks Mr. Warren Dowler for his enthusiastic\nencouragement at all stages. The author thanks\nMessrs. Emilio Sovero and David Daly for technical\nassistance and Mr. Paul Massier for allowing the use of the anechoic chamber. This research project was initiated by Professor F. E. C. Culick.\n\nPublished - 223_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf
", "abstract": "The structure of open turbulent jet flames is experimentally studied in the context of their noise\nemission characteristics. The differences between premixed and (co-flow) non-premixed flames are explored. Recent experiments repeated in an anechoic chamber complement earlier results obtained in a hard-walled bay. The reactants (methane and enriched air) are burned in the premixed, or non-premixed, mode after a length of pipe flow\n(\u2113/D> 150). The thick-walled tubes anchor the flames to the tip at all of the velocities employed (maximum velocity, well over 300 ft/sec), thus eliminating uncertainties associated with external flameholders. The time-averaged appearance of the flames is obtained with still photographs (1160 sec). The detailed structures are revealed through high-speed (\u2248 2500 frames/sec) motion pictures. The acoustic outputs of the flames are mapped with a condenser microphone. The recorded data are played back to obtain the amplitude, waveshapes, directionalities, and frequency\nspectra of the noise. Profound differences are found between the premixed and non-premixed flames in their structures and noise characteristics.", "date": "1975-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-111045073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-111045073", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "75-523", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "223_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ttc2v-aa012/files/223_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hcfva-nfy18", "eprint_id": 21412, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:18:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:01:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Stability of Three-Dimensional Motions in a Combustion Chamber", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975, Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd.", "abstract": "The problem oflinearized three-dimensional motions in a non-uniform flowfield is re-examined. Several modifications of the general analysis are effected: The influence of particulate matter is acounted for, to zeroth order,\nand certain boundary processes treated in earher one-dimensional computations are incorporated in an analysis\napplicable to any geometry. All processes occurring in combustion chambers are accommodated. As a specific\nexample, the results are applied to a problem of linear stability in solid propellant rocket motors.", "date": "1975-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "10", "number": "3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "109-124", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-154702705", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-154702705", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207508946663", "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/36jdn-22095", "eprint_id": 21405, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:18:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:00:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Carrier-G-F", "name": { "family": "Carrier", "given": "G. F." } }, { "id": "Fendell-F-E", "name": { "family": "Fendell", "given": "F. E." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "The Effect of Strain Rate on Diffusion Flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. Received by the editors March 19, 1974. This work was supported in part by: Project SQUID, supported by the Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy, under Contract N00014-67-A-0226-0005, NR-098-038 (F.E.F.); Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-67-A-0298-0033 and\nNational Science Foundation Contract NSF-GP-34723 (G.F.C.). Presented by invitation at an International\nSymposium on Modern Developments in Fluid Dynamics in Honor of the 70th Birthday of Sydney Goldstein held at Haifa, Israel, December 16-23, 1973. The authors are very grateful to Dr. J. Eugene Broadwell of TRW Systems, Redondo Beach, California, for advice, criticism and encouragement.\n\nPublished - 226_Carrier_GF_1975.pdf
", "abstract": "Several steady state and time-dependent solutions to the compressible conservation laws describing direct one-step near-equilibrium irreversible exothermic burning of initially unmixed gaseous reactants, with Lewis-Semenov number unity, are presented. The quantitative investigation first establishes the Burke-Schumann thin-flame solution using the Shvab-Zeldovich formulation. Real flames do not have the indefinitely thin reaction zone associated with the Burke-Schumann solution. Singular perturbation analysis is used to provide a modification of the thin-flame solution which includes a more realistic reaction zone of small but finite thickness. The particular geometry emphasized is the un bounded counterflow such that there exists a spatially constant rate of strain along the flame. While the solutions\nfor diffusion flames under a finite tangential strain rate may be of interest in and of themselves for laminar flow, the problems are motivated by the authors' belief that they are pertinent to the study of diffusion-flame burning in transitional and turbulent shear flows.", "date": "1975-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics", "volume": "28", "number": "2", "publisher": "Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics", "pagerange": "463-500", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-133642630", "issn": "0036-1399", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-133642630", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-67-A-0226-0005" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "NR-098-038" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "N00014-67-A-0298-0033" }, { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP-34723" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1137/0128038", "primary_object": { "basename": "226_Carrier_GF_1975.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/36jdn-22095/files/226_Carrier_GF_1975.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Carrier, G. F.; Fendell, F. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vva2e-1yd89", "eprint_id": 21404, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:11:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:00:45", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "Sebastien M." } } ] }, "title": "Acoustic Attenuation in Fans and Ducts by Vaporization of Liquid Droplets", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Presented as Paper 74-526 at the AIAA 7th Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference, Palo Alto, California, June 17-19, 1974; submitted June 24, 1974; revision received November 5, 1974. Supported by U.S. Air Force Grant AFOSR-71 2068.\n\nPublished - 225_Marble_FE_1975.pdf
", "abstract": "A cloud of small water droplets in saturated air attenuates acoustic disturbances by viscous drag, heat transfer,\nand vapor exchange with the ambient gas. The viscous and heat transfer phenomena attenuate at frequencies\nabove 104 Hz for I-J.l droplets. The processes associated with phase exchange attenuate at a much lower frequency\nthat may he controlled by choice of the liquid mass fraction. The strength of this attenuation is proportional to the mass of water vapor in the air, a factor controlled by air temperature. For plane waves, the attenuation\nmagnitude e~ceeds 5 db!m ~t a temperature of 25\u00b0C with a cloud of 0.7 J.l radius droplets constituting 1 % of the\ngas mass. ThiS attenuation mcreases to more than 7 dbjm at frequencies above 1000 Hz where viscous and heat\ntransfer mechanisms contribute significantly. The attenuation of higher order duct modes is strongly increased over the above values, similarly to the attenuation by duct lining. When the droplet cloud occupies only a fraction of the duct height close to the walls, the droplet clond may be up to twice as elfective as the uniform cloud, and a significant saving is possible in the water required to saturate the air and furnish the water droplets.", "date": "1975", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "13", "number": "5", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "634-639", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-132206855", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-132206855", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Air Force", "grant_number": "AFOSR-71 2068" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "0001-1452", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.49777", "primary_object": { "basename": "225_Marble_FE_1975.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vva2e-1yd89/files/225_Marble_FE_1975.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Candel, Sebastien M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hc7bz-x6371", "eprint_id": 21408, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:11:15", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:14", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } }, { "id": "Strand-L-D", "name": { "family": "Strand", "given": "L. D." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion problems of nitramine propellants", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nWork performed by the Propulsion Division of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and funded by the Eglin Air Force Base, Guns and Rockets Division, under MIPR No. FY 7621-73-90062. Technical direction was provided by Lt. W. S. Bulpitt and Mr. O. K. Heiney of the Air Force Armament Test Laboratory, Eglin Air Force Base. Senior Research Fellow, Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center.\n\nPublished - 228_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf
", "abstract": "This report summarizes a theoretical investigation\nof the current problems of nitramine (composite)\npropellant combustion. This study has, as\nits distinctive feature, a detailed examination of the\ncondensed-phase processes in the combustion of\nnitramine propellants. As a consequence of a recently\ndeveloped model for the combustion of ammonium\nperchlorate (AP)/ composite propellants,\nit is hypothesized that the condensed-phase degradation\nof the nitramine oxidizer particles to a vaporizable\nstate is the overall rate-limiting step.\nIt is also assumed that the gas-phase details are\nsecondary in importance and need be studied only\nto the extent of supplying the correct boundary\nconditions on the condensed-phase/vapor-phase\nheat transfer. Because of our imprecise understanding\nof the gas-phase processes in the presence\nof combustion, several plausible models are\nconsidered for the gas phase. It is found that all\nof the gas -phas e models considered lead to predictions\nsufficiently clos e to experimental trends for\nus to conclude that the precise details of gas -phase\nprocesses are not of critical importance in determining\npropellant combustion behavior. More to\nthe point, we are led to believe that a thorough examination\nof the condensed-phase details may be\nsufficient in itself not only to interpret most of the\navailable data on experimental regression rate vs.\npressure of nitramine propellants but also to aid\nin the formulation of propellants to suit our needs.", "date": "1975", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-143236750", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-143236750", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Eglin Air Force Base, Guns and Rockets Division", "grant_number": "MIPR FY 7621-73-90062" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "75-239", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "228_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hc7bz-x6371/files/228_Kumar_RN_1975.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N. and Strand, L. D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/my18d-yqk54", "eprint_id": 22073, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 09:11:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:37", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Response of a nozzle to an entropy disturbance example of thermodynamically unsteady aerodynamics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1975.\n\nSubmitted - 296_Marble_FE_1975.pdf
", "abstract": "The larger number of problems that qualify as unsteady aerodynamics\nrelate to non-uniform motion of surfaces -- such as pitching of\nairfoils -- or the correspondingly non-uniform motion of a fluid about a\nsurface -- such as a gust passing over an airfoil. Experiment and analysis\nconcerning these problems aims to determine the non-steady forces\nor surface stresses on the object. These may be thought of as \"kinematically\" non-steady problems. Another class of problems presents itself\nwhen the undisturbed gas stream temperature (or density) is non-steady\nalthough the velocity and pressure are steady; such non-uniformities are\nassociated with entropy variations from point to point of the stream. In a\nlocally adiabatic flow these entropy variations are transported with the\nstream, and when a fixed boundary -- such as an airfoil -- is encountered,\nthe flow field undergoes a non-steady change because the density variations\nalter the pressure field -- or the stresses at the boundaries. This happens\nin spite of the fact that the undisturbed free -stream velocity field and the\nsurface boundaries of the flow are independent of time. A gas turbine blade, for example, will experience a time-dependent load simply because\nof temperature fluctuations in the combustion products flowing over it, although\nthe angle of attack is independent of time. We shall call these\n\"thermodynamically\" unsteady flows in contrast with the more familiar\nkinematically unsteady flows.", "date": "1975", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-105530510", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-105530510", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "296_Marble_FE_1975.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/my18d-yqk54/files/296_Marble_FE_1975.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1975", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pag88-b4h38", "eprint_id": 21393, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:41:22", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:07", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Levine J-N", "name": { "family": "Levine", "given": "J. N." } } ] }, "title": "Comparison of approximate and numerical analyses of nonlinear combustion instability", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974 AIAA. This work was supported partly by the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100; and partly by the Air Force Rocket Propulsion\nLaboratory under Contract No. F04611-71-C-0060.\n\nPublished - 219_Culick_FEC_1974.pdf
", "abstract": "At the present time, there are three general analytical techniques available to study problems of unsteady motions in rocket motors: linear stability analysis; approximate nonlinear analysis, founded on examining the behavior of coupled normal modes; and numerical calculations based on\nthe conservation equations for one-dimensional flows. The last two yield the linear results as a limit. It is the main purpose of this paper to check the accuracy of the approximate analysis against the numerical analysis for some special cases. The results provide some justification for using the approximate analysis to study three dimensional problems.", "date": "1974", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-103529506", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-103529506", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" }, { "agency": "Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory", "grant_number": "F04611-71- C- 0060" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "74-201", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "219_Culick_FEC_1974.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pag88-b4h38/files/219_Culick_FEC_1974.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Levine, J. N." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nzghv-0bq76", "eprint_id": 22032, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:41:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:34", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cumpsty-N-A", "name": { "family": "Cumpsty", "given": "N. A." } } ] }, "title": "Excess noise from gas turbine exhausts", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974. This work has been heavily dependent on the cooperation of the aeronautics industry. The author wishes to thank Rolls Royce (1971) Ltd. for aerodynamic and noise data for the Spey 512 and Olympus 593, Pratt and Whitney Aircraft for aerodynamic data on the JT8D, and the Boeing\nCommercial Airplane Company for noise measurements from the JT8D. He would in particular like to express his gratitude to R. R. Dils of Pratt and Whitney Aircraft whose guidance on combustion chamber behavior was invaluable.\n\nSubmitted - 258_Cumpsty_NA.pdf
", "abstract": "There is evidence to show that the exhaust noise from gas turbines\ncontains components which exceed the jet mixing noise at low jet velocities.\nThis paper describes a theory developed to calculate the acoustic\npower produced by temperature fluctuations from the combustor entering\nthe turbine. Using the turbine Mach numbers and flow directions at blade\nmid-height, and taking a typical value for the fluctuation in temperature,\nit has been possible to predict the acoustic power due to this mechanism\nfor three different engines. In all three cases the agreement with measurements\nof acoustic power at low jet velocities is very good. Using a\nmeasured spectrum of the temperature fluctuation the prediction of the\nacoustic power spectrum agrees quite well with that measured.", "date": "1974", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-081618338", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110207-081618338", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "258_Cumpsty_NA.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nzghv-0bq76/files/258_Cumpsty_NA.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Cumpsty, N. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0bw5s-ycx61", "eprint_id": 21396, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:41:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:00:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Perry-E-H", "name": { "family": "Perry", "given": "E. H." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Measurements of Wall Heat Transfer in the Presence of Large-Amplitude Combustion-Driven Oscillations", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974, Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. The investigations were supported by the Jet Propulsion\nLaboratory of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. The authors are indebted to W. Dowler and other members of the Solid Propellant Section of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for their advice and help.", "abstract": "Two independent methods were used to measure the rate of heat transfer from a hot gas to the walls of\na cylindrical combustion chamber in which large-amplitude combustion-driven oscillations accompanied a mean\nflow. The results obtained from the two methods were in good agreement and indicated a definite increase in the heat\ntransfer in the presence of oscillations. The increase was found to vary approximately as the square root of the\noscillation amplitude and as the fourth root of the frequency. A correlation in terms of dimensionless variables\nwas obtained using the thickness of the acoustic boundary layer as the appropriate length scale.", "date": "1974", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "9", "number": "1/2", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "49-53", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-110120321", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-110120321", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207408960336", "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Perry, E. H. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mhvb2-km066", "eprint_id": 21895, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:41:33", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:09:04", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cumpsty-N-A", "name": { "family": "Cumpsty", "given": "Nicholas A." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "F. E." } } ] }, "title": "The generation of noise by the fluctuations in gas temperature into a turbine", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1974, The authors wish to thank Dr. D.S. Whitehead for his\nhelp in discussing some aspects of this work, and in particular for his assistance with the method of solution.\nThe help of Drs. R.R. Dils and E.M. Greitzer of Pratt\nand Whitney aircraft is greatly appreciated.\n\nAccepted Version - 259_Cumpsty_NA_1974.pdf
", "abstract": "An actuator disc analysis is used to calculate the pressure\nfluctuations produced by the convection of temperature\nfluctuations (entropy waves) into one or more rows of blades.\nThe perturbations in pressure and temperature must be small,\nbut the mean flow deflection and acceleration are generally\nlarge. The calculations indicate that the small temperature\nfluctuations produced by combustion chambers are sufficient\nto produce large amounts of acoustic power.\nAlthough designed primarily to calculate the effect of\nentropy waves, the method is more general and is able to\npredict the pressure and vorticity waves generated by\nupstream or downstream going pressure waves or by vorticity\nwaves impinging on blade rows.", "date": "1974", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-092110939", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-092110939", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "259_Cumpsty_NA_1974.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mhvb2-km066/files/259_Cumpsty_NA_1974.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1974", "author_list": "Cumpsty, Nicholas A. and Marble, F. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0kxt9-z8s13", "eprint_id": 21392, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:38:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:00:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Influence of Mechanical Properties on the Combustion of Propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1973, Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. Received March 6, 1973. This work was supported by the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory contract NAS-7-100. The authors express their gratitude to the Solid Propellant and Pyrotechnics section at JPL where this work was performed; they would like to specially thank Mr. Warren Dowler. The technical assistance of Mr. Robert McNamara in carrying\nout the tests and the instrumentation support of Mr. Robert Graftus are thankfully acknowledged.", "abstract": "This work is aimed at experimentally exploring the effects of minor compositional variables upon the combustion behavior of composite solid propellants. More specifically, it is intended to determine the influence, if any, of ingredients that improve the mechanical properties upon the oscillatory combustion characteristics. Tests are carried out in the familiar Crawford bomb, a low-pressure L^* burner, and a high-pressure T-burner. Two families of propellants are investigated; each family consists of two propellants with a minor compositional variation between them. In the family that shows a decreasing (steady state) pressure index (n) with increasing pressures, all of the combustion characteristics are found to be very similar although the mechanical properties are widely different. In the other family, which shows an increasing n with increasing pressures, unmistakable differences\nare found between the two propellants in the low-pressure L ^* instability behavior (along with the differences in the\nmechanical properties), while the other combustion characteristics are almost identical. The results are interpreted to be consistent with a theory that highlights the importance of condensed phase heat-transfer effects.", "date": "1973-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "8", "number": "4", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "149-158", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-101742743", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101216-101742743", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207308946638", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N. and Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5ycp2-mhh11", "eprint_id": 21366, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:36:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:58:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } } ] }, "title": "Condensed Phase Details in the Time-Independent Combustion of AP/Composite Propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1973, Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. Received October 9, 1972. The author wishes to thank Professor Fred E. C. Culick for many helpful comments and encouragement,\nand Mr. Warren L. Dowler for his interest in these studies and encouragement. The work was supported by NASA under the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Contract NAS 7-100.", "abstract": "The problem of nonmetallized AP/composite propellant combustion is studied with the aim of coherently\ninterpreting apparently diverse experimental data. Three fundamental hypotheses are introduced: the extent of\npropellant degradation at the vaporization step has to be specified through a scientific criterion; condensed phase\ndegradation of AP to vaporizable fragments is the overall rate-limiting reaction; the rate of combustion in the gas\nphase is controlled by diffusive-mixing processes. Theoretical predictions of the regression rates of AP are seen to\nmatch well with experimental observations (both hot-plate pyrolysis and single-crystal deflagration). Theoretical\ncurves of regression rate are presented for a typical composite propellant. The gas phase processes are discussed\nqualitatively. It is seen through analyses that either of the two familiar models for the gas phase (flame sheet\napproximation and uniform combustion) describes the general behavior adequately, hence de-emphasizing the\nrole of gas phase details in propellant combustion.", "date": "1973-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "8", "number": "3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "133-148", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-142422277", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-142422277", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207308946637", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/37xnp-6gp48", "eprint_id": 21356, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:30:45", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kumar-R-N", "name": { "family": "Kumar", "given": "R. N." } } ] }, "title": "A new look at AP/composite propellant combustion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "chemistry, fluid mechanics, solid propulsion, thermodynamics", "note": "\u00a9 1973. Unclassified; Copyright; Unlimited; Publicly available. JPL Quart. Tech. Rev., Vol. 3, No. 2 (NASA-CR-133863), p 45-77, Number of Pages = 25. Updated/Added to NTRS, 2006-08-02\n\nPublished - 212_Kumar_RN_1973.pdf
", "abstract": "Some theoretical studies on the time-independent and oscillatory combustion of nonmetallized ammonium perchlorate (AP)/composite propellants are presented. A coherent and unified interpretation was made of the voluminous data available from experiments related to propellant combustion. Three fundamental hypotheses are introduced: the extent of propellant degradation at the vaporization step has to be specified through a scientific criterion; the condensed-phase degradation reaction of ammonium perchlorate to a vaporizable state is the overall rate-limiting step; gas-phase combustion rate is controlled by the mixing rate of fuel and oxidizer vapors. In the treatment of oscillatory combustion, the assumption of quasi-steady fluctuations in the gas phase is used to supplement these hypotheses.", "date": "1973-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "JPL Quarterly Technical Review", "volume": "3", "number": "2", "publisher": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology", "pagerange": "53-77", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-114320657", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-114320657", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "CR-133863", "name": "NASA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "212_Kumar_RN_1973.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/37xnp-6gp48/files/212_Kumar_RN_1973.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Kumar, R. N." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5qehg-b4c15", "eprint_id": 21367, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:27:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:58:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "The Stability of One-Dimensional Motions in a Rocket Motor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1973 Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. Received February 26, 1973.", "abstract": "The problem of linearized one-dimensional motions in a non-uniform flow field is re-examined. Earlier\nwork is clarified, and some assumptions previously used are relaxed. The formalism accommodates all processes\noccurring in combustion chambers, including sources of mass, momentum, and energy at the lateral boundary.\nThe work is intended partly to provide some results required for subsequent analyses of linear and nonlinear\nthree-dimensional unsteady motions.", "date": "1973-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "7", "number": "4", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "165-175", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-143437599", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-143437599", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207308952355", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wj8b3-m1766", "eprint_id": 21353, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:27:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:58:03", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "S. M." } } ] }, "title": "Acoustic radiation from the end of two-dimensional duct, effects of uniform flow and duct lining", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1973 Elsevier. \n\nReceived 18 September 1972. \n\nThe author is grateful to Professor Frank E. Marble for helpful discussion and criticism of the present work.\n\nPublished - 211_Candel_SM_1973.pdf
", "abstract": "A study is presented of the radiation of acoustic modes from the end of a duct immersed in a uniformly moving medium. It is shown that the uniform flow has roughly the same effect as an increase in frequency at constant mode number: the number of lobes of the radiation pattern increases, and the radiation maximum is slightly displaced towards the duct axis. When the mode is near cut-off the forward radiation for an inlet is enhanced. The acoustic radiation characteristics of ducts with soft or absorbing walls and hard, perfectly-reflecting walls are then compared. It is shown, and this is of technological interest, that the side radiation from the end of an acoustically soft duct is greatly reduced for lower-order modes.", "date": "1973-05-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "28", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1-13", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-111254699", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-111254699", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0022-460X(73)80014-8", "primary_object": { "basename": "211_Candel_SM_1973.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wj8b3-m1766/files/211_Candel_SM_1973.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Candel, S. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/prxwz-qvr95", "eprint_id": 21365, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:11:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:58:46", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Quan-V", "name": { "family": "Quan", "given": "Victor" } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Kliegel-J-R", "name": { "family": "Kliegel", "given": "James R." } } ] }, "title": "Nitric oxide formation in turbulent diffusion flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1973 Combustion Institute, Published by Elsevier B.V. Available online 5 May 2007. The computer programming was performed by Mr. Robert L. Peters. The study was supported, in part, by Southern California Edison Company. Reprinted from Fourteenth Symposium (International) On Combustion.", "abstract": "Combustion and NO formation are investigated in the turbulent mixing region between\nparallel fuel and oxidant streams. Chemical reactions are divided into two classes: (i) the fast,\ndiffusion-limited combustion reaction, and (ii) the relatively slow, rate-limited NO formation.\nFor the fast reaction, the turbulent mixing zone contains fuel, oxidant, and reaction products.\nThe formation of NO is calculated separately as a trace species, since it has negligible effect\non the flowfield.\nTransport of momentum, enthalpy, and chemical species is calculated, using a mixing-length\ntheory. Because NO generation is highly temperature sensitive, the history of combustion\nproduct gases, subsequent to their formation, is decisive in determining the total NO production.\nUpper and lower bounds on NO production are obtained by considering that: (i) the combustion\nproducts remain undiluted and intact in the form of eddies as the turbulent field\ntransports them throughout the mixing layer, and (ii) the combustion products are locally\nmixed with cool oxidizer or fuel. These yield upper and lower limits, respectively.\nThe time-averaged velocity, temperature, and concentrations of fuel, oxidant, products,\nand NO distributions, are illustrated. Molecular mixing of turbulent eddies is shown to have\na great influence on the amount of NO formed, although its effect on the time-averaged fluid\nproperties is negligible. For a sample problem, the NO concentration obtained by assuming\ncomplete local molecular mixing is nearly an order-of-magnitude lower than the value predicted\nfor no mixing.", "date": "1973", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "14", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "851-860", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-141112621", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-141112621", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Southern California Edison Company" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(73)80078-5", "pub_year": "1973", "author_list": "Quan, Victor; Marble, Frank E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qr7m-h7477", "eprint_id": 21348, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:03:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:57:50", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Candel-S-M", "name": { "family": "Candel", "given": "S. M." } } ] }, "title": "Acoustic transmission and reflection by a shear discontinuity separating hot and cold regions", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972 Elsevier. \n\nReceived 31 May 1972. \n\nThe author wishes to express his thanks to Professor Frank E. Marble for very helpful discussion of this work.\n\nPublished - 209_Candel_SM_1972.pdf
", "abstract": "Acoustic transmission and reflection is analyzed for plane waves propagating from a hot moving medium, impinging on a plane shear discontinuity into a cold stationary region. It is shown that incident waves originating in the hot region and propagating in the flow direction are transmitted into the cold region at almost right angles to the interface. The result is employed to examine the strong side radiation of internal noise transmitted through the exhaust duct of a turbojet engine.", "date": "1972-09-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Sound and Vibration", "volume": "24", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "87-91", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-090746220", "issn": "0022-460X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-090746220", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-460X(72)90124-1", "primary_object": { "basename": "209_Candel_SM_1972.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qr7m-h7477/files/209_Candel_SM_1972.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Candel, S. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/av5s9-r5q77", "eprint_id": 21461, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:46:01", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:18", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hill-M-K", "name": { "family": "Hill", "given": "Murray K." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Behavior of Spherical Particles at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Fluctuating Translational Flow. Preliminary Experiments", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972. \n\nCONTRACT F33615-69-C-1069 ; PROJECT 7116.\n\nDescriptive Note: Rept. no. 1 (Final), 1 Sep 1970-31 Aug 1971. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. This report covers that portion of the work performed under Contract F33615-69-C-1069 from 1 September 1970 through 31 August 1971. The project engineer monitoring this contract was Mr. S. H. Hasinger (LE). Energy Conversion Research Laboratory, Aerospace Research Laboratories. Technical contributions to this work were made by Mr. Murray K. Hill, Dr. Edward E. Zukoski, Dr. W. Duncan Rannie, and the Principal Investigator, Dr. Frank E. Marble. We are particularly indebted to Dr. H. von Ohain, Chief Scientist, A. R. L., and to Mr. S. H. Hasinger, Energy Conversion Research Laboratory, for their many technical discussions which were of singular importance in choosing areas of emphasis. Another report published under above contract is ARL 72-0018 \"An Experimental Investigation of Particle Motion in a Liquid Fluidized\nBed\" by Charles A. Hillus.\n\nPublished - 262_Hill_MK_1972.pdf
", "abstract": "The behavior of small spheres in non-steady translational flow\nhas been studied experimentally' for values of Reynolds nunber from 0\nto 3000. The aim of the work was to improve our quantitative understanding\nof particle transport in turbulent gaseous media, a process of\nextreme importance in powerplants and energy transfer mechanisms.\nParticles, subjected to strong sinusoidal oscillations parallel\nto the direction of steady translation, were found to have changes in\naverage drag coefficient depending upon their translational Reynolds\nnumber, the frequency and amplitude of the oscillations. When the\nReynolds number based on the sphere diameter was les s than 200,\nthe synunetric translational oscillation had negligible effect on the\naver age particle dr ago\nFor Reynolds numbers exceeding 300, the effective drag coefficient\nwas significantly increased in a particular frequency range. For\nexample, an increase in drag coefficient of 25 per cent was observed at\na Reynolds nwnber of 3000 when the amplitude of the oscillation was\n2 per cent of the sphere diazneter and the disturbance frequency was approximately\nthe Strouhal frequency. The occurrence of the maximum\neffect at frequencies between one and two times the Stroubal frequency\nstrongly suggests non-linear interaction between wake vortex shedding\nand the oscillation in translational motions. Flow visualization studies\nsupport this suggestion.", "date": "1972-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-154423061", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-154423061", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Energy Conversion Research Laboratory", "grant_number": "F33615-69-C-1069" }, { "agency": "Aerospace Research Laboratories" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "72-0017", "name": "ARL" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "California Institute of Technology" ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "262_Hill_MK_1972.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/av5s9-r5q77/files/262_Hill_MK_1972.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Hill, Murray K. and Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2vntx-82913", "eprint_id": 21349, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:42:58", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:07:58", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Research on combustion instability and application to solid propellant rocket motors. II.", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1972 AIAA. First publication rights reserved by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \n\nThis work was supported in part by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology; the Naval Weapons Center; Lockheed Propulsion Company; Hercules, Inc.; Aerojet Solid Propulsion Company; and Ultrasystems, Inc.\n\nPublished - 210_Culick_FEC_1972.pdf
", "abstract": "Unstable motions must be anticipated as a possible\nproblem in solid-propellant rocket motors;\nthe characteristics of an instability depend primarily\non the geometry of the motor and composition\nof the propellant. It is the purpose of this\npaper to review mainly the current state of analyses\nof combustion instability in solid-propellant\nrocket motors, but appropriate measurements and\nobservations are cited. The work discussed has\nbecome increasingly important, both for the interpretation\nof laboratory data and for predicting the\ntransient behavior of disturbances in full-scale\nmotors. Two central questions are addressed:\nlinear stability and nonlinear behavior. Several\nclasses of problems are discussed as special cases\nof a general approach to the analysis of combustion\ninstability. Application to motors, and particularly\nthe limitations presently understood, are stressed.", "date": "1972", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-091516347", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-091516347", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "Naval Weapons Center" }, { "agency": "Lockheed Propulsion Company" }, { "agency": "Hercules, Inc." }, { "agency": "Aerojet Solid Propulsion Company" }, { "agency": "Ultrasystems, Inc." } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "72-1049", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "210_Culick_FEC_1972.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2vntx-82913/files/210_Culick_FEC_1972.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1972", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fwwyx-y4q07", "eprint_id": 21345, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:26:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 23:57:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Non-Linear Growth and Limiting Amplitude of Acoustic Oscillations in Combustion Chambers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1971 Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. Revised manuscript received November 16, 1970.", "abstract": "Due to non-linear loss or gain of energy, unstable oscillations in combustion chambers cannot grow\nindefinitely. Very often the limiting amplitudes are sufficiently low that the wave motions appear to be sinusoidal without discontinuities. The analysis presented here is based on the idea that the gasdynamics throughout most of the volume can be handled in a linear fashion. Non-linear behavior is associated with localized energy losses,\nsuch as wall losses and particle attenuation, or with the interaction between the oscillations and the combustion\nprocesses which sustain the motions. The formal procedure describes the non-linear growth and decay of an\nacoustic mode whose spatial structure does not change with time. Integration of the conservation equations over\nthe volume of the chamber produces a single non-linear ordinary differential equation for the time-dependent\namplitude of the mode. The equation can be solved easily by standard techniques, producing very simple results\nfor the non-linear growth rate, decay rate, and limiting amplitude. Most of the treatment is developed for unstable\nmotions in solid propellant rocket chambers. Other combustion chambers can be represented as special cases\nof the general description.", "date": "1971-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "3", "number": "1", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "1-16", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-084430395", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101214-084430395", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207108952266", "pub_year": "1971", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7w1b7-kvd85", "eprint_id": 21456, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:24:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:03:20", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Shankar-P-N", "name": { "family": "Shankar", "given": "P. N." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Kinetic Theory of Transient Condensation and Evaporation at a Plane Surface", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1971 American Institute of Physics. Received 29 April 1970; final manuscript received 22 September 1970. This work was performed with the financial support\nof the Aerospace Research Laboratories,\nWright-Patterson Air Force Base, Contract No.\nF33615-69-C-1069.\n\nPublished - 206_Shankar_PN_1971.pdf
", "abstract": "The phenomenon of transient condensation onto, or evaporation from, a liquid sheet in contact\nwith its pure vapor is treated from a kinetic theory viewpoint. The Maxwell moment method is used\nto formulate the detailed transient problem. A steady surface mass flux rate exists for times large in\ncomparison with the collision time, that is, in the continuum regime, and explicit formulas are given\nfor this limit. The complete gasdynamic field, however, is nonsteady for all times. The calculations are\ncarried out utilizing four moments, and the effects of incorporating additional moments are negligible.\nFinally, the analysis is extended to incorporate imperfect mass and temperature accommodation.\nExamination of the transient solution and a matched asymptotic \"quasisteady\" solution shows that\nthe gasdynamic field consists of a diffusion process near the liquid surface coupled through an expansion\nor compression wave to the constant far field state.", "date": "1971-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "14", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "510-516", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-151620237", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-151620237", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Aerospace Research Laboratories, Wright-Patterson Air Force", "grant_number": "F33615-69-C-1069" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1693464", "primary_object": { "basename": "206_Shankar_PN_1971.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7w1b7-kvd85/files/206_Shankar_PN_1971.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1971", "author_list": "Shankar, P. N. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v4y3v-phc49", "eprint_id": 21458, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:17:00", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:03:28", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Stability of Longitudinal Oscillations with Pressure and Velocity Coupling in a Solid Propellant Rocket", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1970 Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd. Revised Manuscript received July 13, 1970. The author has benefitted greatly from numerous discussions with Mr. E. W. Price. He is grateful to both Mr. Price, of NWC, China Lake, Calif., and Dr. H. Korman of TRW Systems, Redondo Beach, Calif. for very careful readings of the preliminary\nmanuscript.", "abstract": "Of the various unstable motions observed in solid propellant rocket chambers, the most troublesome\ncurrently are those involving oscillatory motions parallel to the axis. Such instabilities are found to arise particularly\nin larger rockets using propellants which contain aluminum. The problem is formulated here in one-dimensional\nform and solved for the case of small amplitude standing waves. Both pressure and velocity coupling\nmay be accommodated, although the proper description of the response function for velocity coupling is not yet\nknown. In addition to several special cases, the stability boundary is discussed for a straight chamber having\nvariable cross section. The influences of the mean flow field, the nozzle, particulate matter, and motions of the solid propellant grain are taken into account.", "date": "1970-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "2", "number": "4", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "179-201", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-152647813", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-152647813", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102207008952247", "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r094r-b2s22", "eprint_id": 8605, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-22 00:01:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 21:35:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Wooten-D-C", "name": { "family": "Wooten", "given": "David C." } } ] }, "title": "Sound attenuation in a condensing vapor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a91970 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived 24 April 1970. \n\nThis work was performed with the financial support of the Aerospace Research Laboratories, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Contract F33615-69-C-1069.", "abstract": "The process of acoustic attenuation in a condensing medium is investigated using a continuumlike formulation that allows for the phase-exchange process. The liquid phase is assumed sufficiently disperse so that the field may be treated as a continuum. The elementary relaxation processes associated with droplet velocity, temperature, and vapor pressure equilibration are equally important in determining the attenuation when vapor, liquid, and inert gas mass fractions are of the same order. When the liquid mass fraction is small, however, a strong attenuation band appears at low frequencies. This attenuation process involves a coupled relaxation process in which heat transfer and vaporization processes combine to change the temperature of the relatively large gas mass. This attenuation band (i) centers on a frequency that is proportional to the concentration of liquid, and (ii) has a maximum value that varies directly as the concentration of condensible vapor and roughly as the square of the latent heat of vaporization. When the concentrations of liquid and condensible vapor are both small, the low-frequency attenuation band is nearly isolated and may be described in a convenient analytical manner.", "date": "1970-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "13", "number": "11", "publisher": "Physics of Fluids", "pagerange": "2657-2664", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:MARpof70", "issn": "0031-9171", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MARpof70", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1692847", "primary_object": { "basename": "MARpof70.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r094r-b2s22/files/MARpof70.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Wooten, David C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a5gkn-s1p04", "eprint_id": 22084, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 07:09:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:40:00", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Serdengecti-S", "name": { "family": "Serdengecti", "given": "Sedat" } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "A theory of two-dimensional airfoils with strong inlet flow on the upper surface", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This final report on Contract F33615-68-C-1013 covers work carried out at The California Institute of Technology from 1 November 1967 to 31 December 1969. This research was supported in part under the ARL In-House Independent Laboratory Research Funds. The Project Engineer monitoring this contract was Dr. K. S. Nagaraja, Hypersonic Research Laboratory, ARL. Technical contributions to\nthe work were made by Dr. S. Serdengecti, Dr. W. D. Rannie,\nDr. F. E. C. Culick, Dr. E. E. Zukoski and the Principal Investigator, Dr. Frank E. Marble.\n\nPublished - 312_Serdengecti_Marble_1970.pdf
", "abstract": "The two-dimensional theory of airfoils with arbitrarily strong inlet\nflow into the upper surface was examined with the aim of developing a thin-airfoil\ntheory which is valid for this condition. Such a theory has, in fact,\nbeen developed and reduces uniformly to the conventional thin-wing theory\nwhen the inlet flow vanishes. The integrals associated with the arbitrary\nshape, corresponding to the familiar Munk integrals, are somewhat more\ncomplex but not so as to make calculations difficult.\nTo examine the limit for very high ratios of inlet to free-stream\nvelocity, the theory of the Joukowski airfoil was extended to incorporate\nan arbitrary inlet on the upper surface. Because this calculation is exact,\nphenomena observed in the limit cannot be attributed to the linearized calculation. These results showed that airfoil theory, in the conventional sense,\nbreaks down at very large ratios of inlet to free-stream velocity. This\noccurs where the strong induced field of the inlet dominates the free-stream\nflow so overwhelmingly that the flow no longer leaves the trailing edge but\nflows toward it. Then the trailing edge becomes, in fact a leading edge\nand the Kutta condition is physically inapplicable. For the example in this\nwork, this breakdown occurred at a ratio of inlet to free-stream velocity\nof about 10. This phenomena suggests that for ratios in excess of the\ncritical value, the flow separates from the trailing edge and the circulation\nis dominated by conditions at the edges of the inlet.", "date": "1970-08", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-150155345", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-150155345", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "ARL In-House Independent Laboratory Research Funds" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "312_Serdengecti_Marble_1970.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a5gkn-s1p04/files/312_Serdengecti_Marble_1970.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Serdengecti, Sedat and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fp41b-fs587", "eprint_id": 21451, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:56:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:03:07", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Dynamics of Dusty Gases", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1970 Annual Reviews.", "abstract": "This review deals with a certain restricted portion of the mechanics of heterogeneous media. The volume fraction of the solid-particle or droplet cloud is considered to be so small that the interaction between individual particles may be neglected or highly simplified. This limitation applies to the individual flow fields about the particles as well as to collisions, and to heat and mass transfer as well as to momentum exchange between phases. Under this circumstance, the problem of detailed transport processes between particles and gas may be treated independently of the complete dynamical problem, and this aspect, being a study of its own, will be suppressed to a considerable extent here. There are problems, such as the impact\nof particles on walls, the concentration separation in boundary layers or pipe flow, in which the distortion of the particle flow field due to a solid wall or another particle is the central physical issue. These problems therefore lie outside the scope of the review. On the other hand, the structure of shock waves, sound attenuation, and many flow-field problems can be treated within our present restrictions. The basic equations and exchange processes will be introduced first, together with the physical parameters that indicate the relative importance of the particle cloud and the limitations of the dusty-gas concept. Then several different problems will be discussed that lead to some of the significant results in the field and illustrate analytical techniques that have proven useful.", "date": "1970-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics", "volume": "2", "publisher": "Annual Reviews", "pagerange": "397-446", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-141547545", "issn": "0066-4189", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-141547545", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qa99p-1t908", "eprint_id": 21984, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:56:51", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:34:37", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Ranie-W-D", "name": { "family": "Ranie", "given": "W. Duncan" } } ] }, "title": "Large building fires - experiments and analysis", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1970.\nFinal Report.\nContract CST-902-5-69.\nU. S. Department of Commerce\nNational Bureau of Standards.\n\nPublished - 208_Zukoski_EE_1970.pdf
", "abstract": "Because of its inherent complexity and detail, as well as its rather tenuous relationship to existing combustion theory, the propagation of uncontrolled fires in large buildings remains one of the unsolved problems facing our cities. On October 13, 1969 (see Appendix), a fire in a\nLos Angeles apartment claimed the lives of eight people and sent more than a score to the hospital for various degrees of burn and smoke inhalation. As the fire developed, flames spread quickly up the main stairwell, blocking exits from apartment units, forcing some to jump from upper floors. Within a matter of minutes, all three floors were so involved in fire that normal escape was impossible.\nOur lack of quantitative knowledge about the propagation of building fire has a more widespread effect than such disasters. It is a major factor in preserving archaic and inappropriate building codes; it places a severe\nlimit on architectural innovation because fire hazards in novel structures cannot be evaluated quantitatively. This is a truly serious restriction in an era where low-cost multiple dwellings are in urgent need.", "date": "1970-01", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "NTIS", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-131719678", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-131719678", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "208_Zukoski_EE_1970.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qa99p-1t908/files/208_Zukoski_EE_1970.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E.; Marble, Frank E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7ke7z-wfz25", "eprint_id": 21445, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:54:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:02:39", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Koester-J-K", "name": { "family": "Koester", "given": "John K." } }, { "id": "Sajben-M", "name": { "family": "Sajben", "given": "Miklos" } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Analytical and experimental studies of thermionically emitting electrodes in contact with dense, seeded plasmas", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1970. Supported in part by the U. S. Air Force Office of\nScientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)-1285.\n\nPublished - 203_Koester_JK_1970.pdf
", "abstract": "Interactions are considered between a moving,\nalkali-metal seeded, dense plasma and a\nmetallic electrode whose surface properties are\ninfluenced by the absorption of seed particles. The\nplasma behavior is governed by a set of differential\nequations, which are coupled to the surface\nthrough the boundary conditions. These conditions\nare obtained by utilizing the particle desorption\nrate expressions of Levine and Gyftopoulos. The\nsolution of the problem yields the state of the surface\nas well as the spatial distribution of plasma\nproperties. In particular, electrode voltage drops\nare predicted, which indicate whether the electrode\noperates in a thermionic or arc mode. The\nmethod has been applied to a potassiwn-seeded\nargon plasma in contact with a tungsten electrode\nin a stagnation flow geometry. The results show\nthat the plasma - surface interaction may lead to\nlarge electrode currents at moderate voltage drops.\nThese currents can be up to an order of magnitude\ngreater than what the random electron current\nwould be at the surface under conditions of\nperfect thermodynamic equilibrium at the surface\ntemperature. R.esults of a comparable experiment\nshow reasonably good agreement with the theory.", "date": "1970", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-133221838", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101220-133221838", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-1285" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "4601156", "name": "OSTI ID" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Elliot-D-G", "name": { "family": "Elliot", "given": "D. G." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "203_Koester_JK_1970.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7ke7z-wfz25/files/203_Koester_JK_1970.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1970", "author_list": "Koester, John K.; Sajben, Miklos; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w6nfz-5kq31", "eprint_id": 21485, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:51:17", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Dehority-G-L", "name": { "family": "Dehority", "given": "G. L." } } ] }, "title": "An Elementary Calculation for the Burning Rate of Composite Solid Propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1969 Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers Ltd.\nReceived August 18, 1969. This work was supported by NOSC Task Assignment ORD-331-002/200-1/UF19-332-303. The senior author is a consultant to the Aerothermochemistry Division of the Naval Weapons Center.", "abstract": "A calculation of the burning rate for a composite solid propellant is based on a model in which the distribution of combustion in the gas phase is specified. The formulation of the problem can accommodate an arbitrary distribution, but only the simplest case of uniform combustion is treated here. An inverse numerical computation is carried out, as the magnitude of the reaction rate, and its dependence on pressure, are calculated for several specified burning rates. Simultaneously, flame stand-off distances and thicknesses are determined as part of the solution. The numerical results for those characteristics of the flame appear to be comparable to observed values. However, the principal value of this treatment of the problem is due to the ease with which one can study and understand the influence of the various physical properties and combustion characteristics.", "date": "1969-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion Science and Technology", "volume": "1", "number": "3", "publisher": "Taylor & Francis", "pagerange": "193-204", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-134757282", "issn": "0010-2202", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-134757282", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Navy Operational Support Center (NOSC)", "grant_number": "ORD-331-002/200-1/UF19-332-303" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1080/00102206908952200", "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Dehority, G. L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsgpe-xmd11", "eprint_id": 21462, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-14 18:58:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 20:46:57", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Fernandez-F-L", "name": { "family": "Frenandez", "given": "F. L." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments in supersonic turbulent flow with large distributed surface injection", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Reprinted from AIAA JOURNAL, Vol. 7, No.9, September 1969, pp. 1759-1767. Presented as Paper 68-129 at the AIAA 6th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, New York, January 22-24,1968; submitted September 23, 1968; revision received February 24, 1969. This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office and the Advanced Research Projects Agency, Contract DA-31-124-ARO(D)-33.\n\nPublished - 202_Fernandez_FL_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "The mean velocity and pressure fields in a turbulent boundary layer on a Hat plate at M\u221e =\n2.6 are investigated for ratios of mass-How per unit area injected at the wall to that at the edge\nof the boundary layer (\u039b_e) between 0 and 0.03. Two-dimensionality is demonstrated, and a\nsimilar How approached with linear growth of momentum and displacement thicknesses. A\nHowarth-Dorodnitsyn transformation for the normal coordinate is found to bring the data\ninto good agreement with incompressible results for the same value of \u039b_e. At the highest injection\nrate, the transformed velocity profiles agree well with incompressible turbulent mixing\nlayer results. Finally, the induced side forces are found to be comparable to those obtained\nby equivalent injection through a slot.", "date": "1969-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "7", "number": "9", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1759-1767", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-080701462", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-080701462", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Research Office" }, { "agency": "Advanced Research Projects Agency", "grant_number": "DA-31-124-ARO(D)-33" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "202_Fernandez_FL_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsgpe-xmd11/files/202_Fernandez_FL_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Frenandez, F. L. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h44mt-3ed44", "eprint_id": 21474, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:27:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Remarks on Extinguishment and the Response Function for a Burning Solid Propellant", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received February 6, 1969; revision received.March 19, 1969. This work was partially supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 198_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf
", "date": "1969-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "7", "number": "7", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1403-1404", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-094400998", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-094400998", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "198_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h44mt-3ed44/files/198_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smap0-srt32", "eprint_id": 21466, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:25:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:03:49", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } }, { "id": "Perry-E-H", "name": { "family": "Perry", "given": "E. H." } } ] }, "title": "T-Burner Data and Combustion Instability in Solid Propellant Rockets", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Reprinted from AIAA JOURNAL, Vol. 7, No 6, June 1969, pp. 1204-1205. Received January 2, 1969; revision received February 6, 1969. Work supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. The authors are indebted to W. Dowler and other members of the Solid Propellant Section of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for their advice and help.\n\nPublished - 197_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "It has long been a cherished hope of some people that\nmeasurements of unsteady burning in the laboratory\nshould be applicable to the very important practical problem\nof instabilities in a rocket chamber. In this Note, we wish\nto describe what appears to be the first experimental verification\nof this idea.", "date": "1969-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "7", "number": "6", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1204-1205", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-083201081", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-083201081", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "197_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/smap0-srt32/files/197_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C. and Perry, E. H." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a9m1q-9vs54", "eprint_id": 21482, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:18:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zung-L-B", "name": { "family": "Zung", "given": "Laurence B." } } ] }, "title": "Flow Induced in Fluid-Particle Suspension by an Infinite\n Rotating Disk", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969 American Institute of Physics. Received 18 March 1968; final manuscript received 21 October 1968. \nThis work constitutes Chapter I of the author's Ph.D.\nthesis, California Institute of Technology (1967).\n\nThe author is indebted to Professor Frank E. Marble for his guidance and helpful suggestions. This work was supported by Aerospace Research Laboratories, Office of Aerospace Research, under Contract AF33(615)-3785.\n\nPublished - 195_Zung_LB_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "An exact similarity solution is given for the flow of a fluid-particle suspension over an infinitely\nlarge disk rotating at a constant velocity. Numerical solutions of the resulting ordinary differential\nequations provide velocity distributions for both fluid and solid phases and density distributions\nfor the solid. The boundary-layer thicknesses of the particle cloud and the fluid are found to be approximately\nequal. In addition to its intrinsic value as a solution to a physical problem, the results provide a convenient basis for judging the accuracy of approximate techniques.", "date": "1969-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "12", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "18-23", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-112626068", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-112626068", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Aerospace Research Laboratories, Office of Aerospace Research", "grant_number": "AF33(615)-3785" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1692261", "primary_object": { "basename": "195_Zung_LB_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/a9m1q-9vs54/files/195_Zung_LB_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Zung, Laurence B." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zkn1r-8sg04", "eprint_id": 21478, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:16:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "An Elementary Calculation of the Combustion of Solid Propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press 1969. Received 26 December 1967; in revised form 15 July 1968. Work performed under a personal services contract with Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, California. F. E. C. Culick: Associate Professor of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91109, U.S.A.\n\nPublished - 194_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "An Elementary Calculation of the Combustion of Solid Propellants. The problem of the burning\nof a solid propellant is treated in an approximate manner by prescribing the spatial distribution of energy\nrdease in the gas phase. Adoption of this inverse approach converts the usual non-linear problem to a\nlinear eigenvalue problem which is easily solvable. Results for concentrated combustion (a flame front)\nand special cases of distributed energy release are given. Qualitative aspects such as flame stand-off distance,\nflame thickness, and various components of heat transfer within the combustion region are clearly shown.\nExamination of the influence of energy loss by radiation from the solid-gas interface gives satisfactory\nagreement with previous computations based on the non-linear formulation. An application to the problem\nof unsteady burning, and the response to pressure fluctuations is discussed briefly. The ease with which\nuseful results can be obtained seems to justify the imperfect nature of the analysis.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "14", "number": "2", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "pagerange": "171-181", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-102902637", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-102902637", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Naval Weapons Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "194_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zkn1r-8sg04/files/194_Culick_FEC_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rs2xp-5rv69", "eprint_id": 21483, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:16:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Beckstead-M-W", "name": { "family": "Beckstead", "given": "M. W." } }, { "id": "Mathes-H-B", "name": { "family": "Mathes", "given": "H. B." } }, { "id": "Price-E-W", "name": { "family": "Price", "given": "E. W." } }, { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion instability of solid propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1969 Published by Elsevier B.V. \nAvailable online 27 April 2007. \nThis work was performed under National Aeronautics and Space Administration Work Order No. 6030 and Naval Ordnance Systems Command Task\nNo. ORD-088 108/200 I/F009-06-01 PA No.8.", "abstract": "Experimental data has been obtained from two T-burners and an L^* burner over a range of frequencies from 10 cps to 8000 cps and from 25 psia to 1000 psia. From these data the\nresponse of the propellants to a pressure perturbation has been calculated and has been found to be consistent between burners. The results have been interpreted as a response function surface with burning rate and frequencies as independent variables. The data indicates that for a given pressure level the response function has a peak value at a frequency that increases as pressure increases. The magnitude of this peak height varies with pressure so that there is a localized peak in the response function surface for a given propellant. The results are in qualitative\nagreement with theoretical studies in that the models also predict a maximum value in the response function. However, they also predict that this magnitude should be approximately a constant and not dependent on the pressure and frequency to the extent observed in the present study. The results obtained for an aluminized propellant indicate that presence of metal in the combustion zone greatly influences both the magnitude of the response function\npeak as well as its location.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "12", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "203-211", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-114030246", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-114030246", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "6030" }, { "agency": "Naval Ordnance Systems Command Task", "grant_number": "ORD-033 103/200 1/F009-06-01 PA No.3" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(69)80404-2", "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Beckstead, M. W.; Mathes, H. B.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qjzxv-4h148", "eprint_id": 22079, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-09-18 15:32:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 22:33:24", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Puzyrewski-R", "name": { "family": "Puzyrewski", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Disintegration of a liquid sheet due to gravity force", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969. Institute of Fundamental Technical Research Conference publication: English, 1st ed. The authors wish to thank Dr. W. D. Rannie and Dr. F. E. Marble for entering discussions and making suggestions during this work.\n\nPublished - 200_Puzyrewski_R_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental study was made of the disintegration of a liquid sheet due to gravity force. The influence of surface tension, viscosity, and density of liquids on the phenomenon\nof disintegration was found. Conditions of liquid sheet breaking into streams, as well as the frequency of appearance of streams and the mean diameter of droplets\nindependent of properties of the liquid, were found experimentally.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Polish Scientific Publishers", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-113026851", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-113026851", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Fiszdon-W", "name": { "family": "Fiszdon", "given": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw" } }, { "id": "Kucharczyk-P", "name": { "family": "Kucharczyk", "given": "P." } }, { "id": "W\u0142odzimierz-", "name": { "family": "W\u0142odzimierz", "given": "J. Prosnak" } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "200_Puzyrewski_R_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qjzxv-4h148/files/200_Puzyrewski_R_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Puzyrewski, R. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sxdrh-tvw70", "eprint_id": 21476, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:16:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:17", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gilpin-R-R", "name": { "family": "Gilpin", "given": "Robert R." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Electrothermal Waves", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1969 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nReceived June 6, 1968; revision received February 17, 1969.\nThis work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)-1285. Reprinted from AIAA Journal Vol. 7, No.8, Aug. 1969, pp. 1438-1445.\n\nPublished - 199_Gilpin_RR_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "Experimental and theoretical studies have been made of the electrothennal waves occurring in a nonequilibrium electrical discharge in a potassium-seeded argon plasma. The studies presented in this paper refer to discharges in transverse gas flow and magnetic field. The behavior\nof these discharges as determined by photographs, photomultiplier measurements, and voltage probes is discussed and the results interpreted in terms of a steady, one-dimensional theory. A single discharge was found to operate in one of three modes-the shorted, transition, or normal mode-depending on the length of the ionization transient. An extension of the one-dimensional theory to the inlet problem predicts the approximate length of\nthis transient and thus provides criteria for the existence of each mode. The normal mode was studied in a duct with a series of circuits discharging in parallel across a gas flow. Here, a regular set of steady, one-dimensional streamers was found in the center of the duct between\nhot boundary regions along each electrode wall. The properties of the one-dimensional streamers are shown to agree in detail with values predicted from the one-dimensional theory. A scheme is then presented for calculation of the effective conductivity of a duct\nusing the amplitude of conductivity fluctuations predicted by this theory.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "7", "number": "8", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1438-1445", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-100324714", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-100324714", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AF49(638)-1285" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "199_Gilpin_RR_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sxdrh-tvw70/files/199_Gilpin_RR_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Gilpin, Robert R. and Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1y97c-ae981", "eprint_id": 21487, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:16:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:04:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Some Gasdynamic Problems in the Flow of Condensing Vapors", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press 1969. Received 22 December 1968. This research was supported, in part, by the Aerospace\nResearch Laboratories, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base,\nunder contract AF33(615)-3587.\n\nPublished - 201_Marble_FE_1969.pdf
", "abstract": "Some Gasdynamic Problems in the Flow of Condensing Vapors. The general problem of the flow\nof a wet vapor, with or without an inert diluent is formulated under the assumption that the liquid phase\nis finely divided and dispersed throughout the gaseous component in droplets whose radii are nearly\nconstant in any local region. The processes of momentum transfer, heat transfer between phases are\nassumed to take place according to Stokes law and Nusselt number of unity, respectively. The mass transfer\nprocess is treated as diffusion governed in the presence of an inert diluent and kinetic governed for two\nphases of a pure substance.\nThe physical understanding of such problems, in contrast with those of conventional gas dynamics,\nrests largely in the role played by the relaxation times or equilibration lengths associated with these three\nprocesses. Consequently, both simple and coupled relaxation processes are examined rather carefully by\nspecific examples. Subsequently, the problem of near-equilibrium flow in a nozzle with phase change is solved\nunder the small-slip approximation. The structure of the normal shock in a pure substance is investigated\nand reveals three rather distinct zones: the gasdynamic shock, the vapor relaxation zone, and the thermal\nand velocity equilibration zone. The three-dimensional steady flow of the two-phase condensing continuum\nis formulated according to first order perturbation theory, and the structure of waves in such supersonic flow\nis examined. Finally, the attenuation of sound in fogs is formulated and solved accounting for the important\neffects of phase change as well as the viscous damping and heat transfer which have been included in previous\nanalyses.", "date": "1969", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "14", "number": "6", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "pagerange": "585-613", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-140000406", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-140000406", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Wright-Patterson Air Force Base", "grant_number": "AF33(615)-3587" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "201_Marble_FE_1969.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1y97c-ae981/files/201_Marble_FE_1969.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1969", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5464-1fy88", "eprint_id": 21518, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 06:14:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A review of calculations for unsteady burning of a solid propellant", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1968, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nPresented at the ICRPG/AIAA 2nd Solid Propulsion Conference, Anaheim, Calif., June 6-8, 1968 (no paper number; published in bound volume of conference papers); submitted June 29, 1967; revision received June 27, 1968. This work was performed under a personal services contract with the U.S. Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, Calif. The author wishes to thank E. W. Price for many discussions and suggestions and M. Summerfield for several criticisms which have been incorporated in this work. Reprinted from AIAA JOURNAL, Vol. 6, No 12, December 1968, pp. 2241-2255\n\nPublished - 193_Culick_FEC_1968.pdf
", "date": "1968-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "6", "number": "12", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "2241-2255", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-101546101", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-101546101", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Naval Weapons Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "193_Culick_FEC_1968.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c5464-1fy88/files/193_Culick_FEC_1968.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pm01s-4rv53", "eprint_id": 21497, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:59:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Spaid-F-W", "name": { "family": "Spaid", "given": "F. W." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "A Study of the Interaction of Gaseous Jets from Transverse Slots with Supersonic External Flows", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1968 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received May 9, 1967; revision received October 2, 1967. This work was supported by the Missile and Space Systems\nDivision of the Douglas Aircraft Company under the sponsorship of the Douglas Independent Research and Development Program, by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center of the California Institute of Technology, and by NASA, through the Solid Propellant Engineering Section of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.", "abstract": "The paper describes a study concerning the sonic injection of a gaseous jet through a transverse slot nozzle in a wall into an external flow which is uniform outside of a turbulent boundary layer. An analytic model of the flowfield has been constructed in which conservation of\nmomentum is applied to a control volume at the jet nozzle exit. A series of flat-plate experiments was conducted with normal, sonic jets at external flow Mach numbers of 2.61, 3.50, and 4.54. Pressure data near separation and the plateau were in agreement with existing correlations. Comparisons of the trends predicted by the analysis with two-dimensional force data from these experiments and from other sources showed good agreement. Values\nof amplification factor, the upstream interaction force plus the jet thrust divided by the vacuum thrust of a sonic jet, of 2.9 to 3.2 were measured. The amplification factor is relatively insensitive to variations in external flow Mach number and variations in injectant gas properties. A correlation of data obtained from experiments with finite-span slots demonstrates that the effective jet penetration height and the slot span are the important characteristic\ndimensions of such flowfields.", "date": "1968-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "6", "number": "2", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "205-212", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-095858065", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-095858065", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Douglas Aircraft Company Missile and Space Systems Division" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Spaid, F. W. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4vads-ese37", "eprint_id": 21509, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:54:36", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:24", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Fernandez-F-L", "name": { "family": "Fernandez", "given": "F. L." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments in supersonic turbulent flow with large distributed surface injection", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1968, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. This work was supported by the U. S. Army Research Office and the Advanced Research Projects Agency, Contract No. DA-31-l24-ARO(D)-33.\n\nPublished - 191_Fernandez_FL_1968.pdf
", "abstract": "The mean velocity and pressure fields in a\nturbulent boundary layer on a flat plate at M_\u221e = 2.6\nare investigated for ratios of mass flow per unit\narea injected at the wall to that at the edge of the\nboundary layer \u039b_e) between 0 and 0.03. Two dimensionality\nis demonstrated, and a similar flow\nestablished with linear growth of momentum and\ndisplacement thicknesses. A Howarth-Dorodnitsyn\ntransformation for the normal coordinate is found\nto bring the data into good agreement with incompressible\nresults for the same value of \u039b_e. At the\nhighest injection rate, the velocity profiles agree\nwell with turbulent mixing-layer results. However,\nunlike mixing layers, the maximum rate of mass\nentrainment is the same as for the incompressible\ncase. Finally,the induced side forces are found to\nbe comparable to those obtained by equivalent inje\nction thr ough a slot.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-075127801", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-075127801", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Research Office (ARO)" }, { "agency": "Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)", "grant_number": "DA-31-124-ARO(D)-33" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "68-129", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "191_Fernandez_FL_1968.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4vads-ese37/files/191_Fernandez_FL_1968.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Fernandez, F. L. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kdk7n-yvy02", "eprint_id": 21508, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:54:32", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:22", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dobbins-R-A", "name": { "family": "Dobbins", "given": "Richard A." } } ] }, "title": "Photoexcitation and photoionization of argon ahead of a strong shock wave", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1968, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific\nResearch (OAR) under Contract AF49(638)-1285. The author is deeply indebted to Dr. Dieter Schl\u00fcter for the information generously conveyed on photoionization cross sections prior to its publication. The advice and encouragement of the staff of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, with\nwhom the author was privileged to spend his sabbatical\nleave, is also acknowledged.\n\nPublished - 190_Dobbins_RA_1968.pdf
", "abstract": "A chemical kinetic model describing photochemical\nreactions that are likely to be important\nin \"cold\" argon ahead of a strong shock wave is examined\non a quantitative basis. The model includes\nthe propagation of resonance radiation far from the\nshock front in the wings of the resonance absorption\nline, partial trapping of the absorbed resonance\nradiation, subsequent photoionization of excited\natoms, photoionization of ground state argon,\nand certain recombination and deexcitation processes.\nSpecific consideration is given to shock\ntube geometry, the occurrence of both nonequilibrium\nand equilibrium regions of variable lengths\nbehind the pressure discontinuity, and the (experimentally)\nknown shock tube wall reflectivity. Theoretical\npredictions of electron and excited atom\nconcentrations ahead of the shock wave are presented\nfor typical shock tube operating conditions.", "date": "1968", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "AIAA", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-071151029", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-071151029", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-1285" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "68-666", "name": "AIAA" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "190_Dobbins_RA_1968.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kdk7n-yvy02/files/190_Dobbins_RA_1968.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1968", "author_list": "Dobbins, Richard A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ydtre-x5535", "eprint_id": 21496, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:51:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:14", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Puzyrewski-R", "name": { "family": "Puzyrewski", "given": "Romuald" } } ] }, "title": "Perturbation analysis of condensation controlled by heat transfer on large droplets", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1967 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 25 May 1966 and in revised form 5 June 1967. Available online 4 March 2003. The author wishes to thank Professor W. D. Rannie for suggesting this research and for his advice and guidance during this work.", "abstract": "The governing equations of condensation phenomena controlled by heat transfer on large\ndroplets in a pure vapor are derived. Using the isentropic expansion as the first approximation, the\nequations are integrated by means of the perturbation method. This method is illustrated by presenting\nan example. The problem is an important one in the field of steam turbine engineering, although the\ncondensation problem is of more general interest.", "date": "1967-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer", "volume": "10", "number": "12", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1717-1726", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-091908271", "issn": "0017-9310", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-091908271", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0017-9310(67)90041-5", "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Puzyrewski, Romuald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p04es-z0319", "eprint_id": 10356, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 23:38:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 22:49:16", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Gilpin-R-R", "name": { "family": "Gilpin", "given": "Robert R." } } ] }, "title": "Large amplitude electrothermal waves in a nonequilibrium plasma", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1967 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived 8 March 1967.", "abstract": "Steady, one-dimensional current streamers have been observed in nonequilibrium plasma subjected to crossed E and B fields. Their half-width and amplitude agree with a nonlinear model of electrothermal waves.", "date": "1967-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "10", "number": "9", "publisher": "Physics of Fluids", "pagerange": "1974-1977", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:ZUKpof67", "issn": "0031-9171", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:ZUKpof67", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1762394", "primary_object": { "basename": "ZUKpof67.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p04es-z0319/files/ZUKpof67.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E. and Gilpin, Robert R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gz0k7-20g34", "eprint_id": 21498, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:46:28", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:20", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "The role of approximate analytical results in the study of two-phase flow in nozzle", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from the Proceedings of the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory Two-Phase Flow Conference 15 - 16 March 1967 Norton Air Force Base, San Bernardino, California\nEditors: L. J. Delaney, R. F. Hoglund, and 1/Lt P. W. Smith AFRPL-TR-67-223, Vol. II August 1967\n\nReprint - 188_Marble_FE_1967.pdf
", "abstract": "The small slip approxitnation to the theory of two-phase flow in rocket nozzles is reviewed to show that the inaccuracies associated with drag and heat transfer laws, and those associated with the fundamental approximation,\nare independent and that the former may be removed algebraic1y. Selected applications ofthe approximate theory are discussed to indicate that these stress the nature of the dependence of the results upon the relevant physical parameters and the possible consequence of scaling\nlaws, rather than numerical accuracy too often limited by inaccurate initial data. It is suggested that approximate analytical results may offer much more assistance to the rocket engineer than has yet been used to advantage.", "date": "1967-08", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-101345306", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-101345306", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "67-233", "name": "AFRPL-TR" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "Air Force Rocket Propulstion Lab. Edwards AFB CA" ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "188_Marble_FE_1967.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gz0k7-20g34/files/188_Marble_FE_1967.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d60yj-m4n73", "eprint_id": 21493, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:33:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:05", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Calculation of the Admittance Function for a Burning Surface", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press Ltd., 1967. Printed in Great Britain. Received 1 March 1967. Work partially supported by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, California Institute of Technology, and by a personal services contract with the Naval Ordnance Test Station, China Lake, Calif.\n\nPublished - 183_Culick_FEC_1967.pdf
", "abstract": "Calculation of the Admittance Function for a Burning Surface. A thorough analysis of pressure\noscillations in a solid propellant rocket requires specification of the response of the burning solid. Indeed,\nfor the case of small amplitude waves, this is the most crucial aspect of the problem; unfortunately, it is also\npoorly understood. The admittance function is merely a convenient expression of the response which\ncontains the primary mechanism for driving waves. In the work reported here, the usual one-dimensional\napproximation is made, and three main regions are distinguished: the solid phase being heated, the solid\nphase involving decomposition (a thin region near the surface), and the gas phase. The problem reduces\nsimply to the solution of appropriate ordinary differential equations and satisfaction of boundary conditions,\nwhich include matching at interfaces.\nThe most significant differences from previous work are incorporation of a decomposition region and the\ntreatment of the gas phase. A greatly simplified analysis of the latter leads essentially to the same results\nfound elsewhere, but with substantially less labor. Only a quasistatic analysis, valid for frequencies less than\na few thousand cycles per second, is covered, but it can be extended to higher frequencies.\nLaboratory measurements have shown that the response consists generally of a single peak in the range\nof frequency for which the quasi static approximation appears to be accurate. The qualitative aspects of\nsuch peaks, and their connection with 'self-excited' oscillations, are discussed. In particular, the influence\nof decomposition and pressure sensitivity of the various chemical reactions is examined. Limited numerical\nresults are included.\nEventually, the aim of calculations is principally to gain some understanding of the unsteady combustion\nprocess and to aid in classifying propellants. The regions involved in the burning are separately characterized\nby a small number of dimensionless groups. It appears that the effects represented by these parameters\nmay be distinguished in the response function; one may therefore be able, by use of experimental results,\nto determine at least qualitative connections between the response to pressure oscillations and changes\nof composition. In this regard, observations made in both T -burners and L * burners should prove useful.", "date": "1967", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "13", "number": "3", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "pagerange": "221-237", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-075221402", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-075221402", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Daniel and Florence Guggenheim JPL Center" }, { "agency": "Caltech" }, { "agency": "Naval Ordnance Test Station" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "183_Culick_FEC_1967.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d60yj-m4n73/files/183_Culick_FEC_1967.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/30246-2c925", "eprint_id": 21492, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:33:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Droplet Agglomeration in Rocket Nozzles Caused by Particle Slip and Collision", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press. Received 14 June 1966. Subsequent to submitting the present paper, a numerical calculation of agglomeration in rocket nozzles was presented by CROWE, C. T. and WILLOUGHBY, P. G., A mechanism for particle growth in a rocket nozzle, AIAA J14, 1677-78 (1966).\n\nPublished - 182_Marble_FE_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "Droplet Agglomeration in Rocket Nozzles Caused by Particle Slip and Collision. The development\nof the particle mass spectrum in a rocket nozzle is investigated under the assumption that droplet growth\nby collision and agglomeration is the dominant mechanism subsequent to initial appearance of particles\nin the rocket chamber. Collisions are calculated on the basis oflinearized particle slip theory and a spectral\nintegral equation is derived describing the development of particle mass spectrum during the flow process\nalong the nozzle. This agglomeration process continues until the droplet temperature falls below the freezing\npoint of the material.\nA solution is obtained for the approximate growth in the average particle size during the expansion\nprocess. The results show that, according to this model, the particle size is strongly dependent on the\ninitial pressure in the rocket chamber and is independent of nozzle geometry.\nThese results suggest that the collision-agglomeration process is at least one of the critical factors that\naccounts for the size of solid particles in rocket exhausts.", "date": "1967", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "13", "number": "2", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "pagerange": "159-166", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-073250075", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-073250075", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "182_Marble_FE_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/30246-2c925/files/182_Marble_FE_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c7xy9-vga92", "eprint_id": 21501, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:33:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Liu-J-T-C", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "J. T. C." } } ] }, "title": "Flow Induced by the Impulsive Motion of an Infinite Flat Plate in a Dusty Gas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Pergamon Press Ltd., 1967. Received 23 December 1966. The author is indebted to Professor Frank E. Marble for stimulating his interest and for the\nmany helpful and pleasant discussions. The interest and\nadvice of Professor W. D. Rannie were very much appreciated\nThis work was supported by the National Science\nFoundation under Grant GP-713.\n\nPublished - 189_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "Flow Induced by the Impulsive Motion of an Immite Flat Plate in a Dusty Gas. The problem of\nflow induced by an infinite flat plate suddenly set into motion parallel to its own plane in an incompressible\ndusty gas is of considerable physical interest in its own right as well as because of its close relation to the\nnon-linear, steady (constant-pressure) laminar boundary layer. Its solution provides complete and exact\ninformation about modifications of the boundary layer growth and skin friction due to particle-fluid\ninteraction. Moreover, it provides a basis for judging the accuracy of approximations which have been\nemployed in more complex problems of viscous fluid-particle motion. The uncoupled thermal Rayleigh\nproblem for small relative temperature differences is directly inferred and this answers questions about the\nmodifications of the surface heat transfer rate and about the possibility of similarity with the velocity\nboundary layer. Similarity is possible when, in addition to a Prandtl number of unity, the streamwise\nrelaxation processes are also similar.", "date": "1967", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "13", "number": "4", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "pagerange": "369-377", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-112413026", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-112413026", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "GP-713" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "189_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c7xy9-vga92/files/189_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Liu, J. T. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mnpz-25759", "eprint_id": 21494, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:33:27", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Turbulent Boundary-Layer Separation in Front of a\n Forward-Facing Step", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1967 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received January 19, 1967.", "abstract": "A review of experiments concerned with the description of the steady flowfield produced by the separation of a turbulent boundary layer ahead of a forward-facing step is presented. The Mach number is restricted to the supersonic range and only two-dimensional flows are investigated. The dependence of the induced pressure field at the wall on Reynolds number, Mach number, and step height is considered. It is shown that the pressure rise in the separation region expressed in normalized form is independent of Mach number and Reynolds number and that the scale for the separation phenomena is the boundary-layer thickness. In addition, it was found that the plateau pressure rise is independent of Reynolds number for\nthe turbulent regime and that the induced side force increases linearly with Mach number.", "date": "1967", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "5", "number": "10", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1746-1753", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-080455403", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101222-080455403", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1967", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rfxyg-e6066", "eprint_id": 21557, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:31:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Spaid-F-W", "name": { "family": "Spaid", "given": "Frank W." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Further experiments concerning secondary injection of gases into a supersonic flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received September 22, 1965; revision received August 17,\n1966.\n\nPublished - 178_Spaid_FW_1966.pdf
", "date": "1966-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "4", "number": "12", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "2216-2218", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-074418915", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-074418915", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "178_Spaid_FW_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rfxyg-e6066/files/178_Spaid_FW_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Spaid, Frank W. and Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nc0x1-sjc14", "eprint_id": 21490, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:31:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:05:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gibson-E-G", "name": { "family": "Gibson", "given": "Edward G." } } ] }, "title": "Ionization Phenomena in a Gas-Particle Plasma", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics. Received 15 December 1965; final manuscript received 1 September 1966. It is a pleasure for the author to express his appreciation\nto Dr. Edward Zukoski for many stimulating discussions during this investigation. Gratitude is also expressed to Dr. Frank Marble, who introduced the author to the field and has given invaluable advice throughout the progress of the work. Dr. Stanley Byron is thanked for some enlightening\ndiscussions on some of the latter points in the paper. This research was carried out at the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center at the California Institute of Technology and supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant AF-AFOSR-160-63. The paper was written while the author was at the Research Laboratories of the Philco Corporation, Newport Beach, California.\n\nPublished - 180_Gibson_EG_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "Particles in a plasma can appreciably change the electron density from the value it would assume if\nthe particles were not present. The case of pure particle ionization, in which there is only thermionic\nemission from the particles and no gas ionization, is first considered. It is established that the potential\nand the charge distributions can be divided into a strong shielding regime, in which most of the\nfree electrons are packed close to the particle surfaces in regions of high potential, and its direct\nopposite, a weak shielding regime. In both regimes, the free-electron content of the plasma is most\nreadily altered by variations in the particle size, rather than in the work function or particle temperature.\nThe suppression of one form of ionization by the other when both particle and gas contribution\nto the electron density are comparable is next investigated. In the case of gaseous ionization enhancement\nit is shown that, if the thermionically emitting particles are hotter than the gas, the electron\ntemperature will also be higher than that of the gas and the gaseous ionization thereby enhanced.\nLastly, it is shown that in some transient situations, the particles are able to control the time rate of\nchange of the electron density.", "date": "1966-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "9", "number": "12", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "2389-2399", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-150859236", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101221-150859236", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-AFOSR-160-63" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1761630", "primary_object": { "basename": "180_Gibson_EG_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nc0x1-sjc14/files/180_Gibson_EG_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Gibson, Edward G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yzj8k-spn59", "eprint_id": 21539, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:28:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:07:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kelly-A-J", "name": { "family": "Kelly", "given": "Arnold J." } } ] }, "title": "Atom-atom ionization cross sections of the noble gases-Argon, Krypton, and Xenon", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics.\nReceived 18 April 1966. \nOnline Publication Date: 18 May 2004.\nSupported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)-1285.\n\nPublished - 175_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental investigation of the initial phase of shock produced ionization in argon, krypton, and xenon has been conducted in order to elucidate the atom-atom ionization reaction and to determine the atom-atom ionization cross sections. A high-purity shock tube was employed to heat these gases to temperatures in the range from 5000\u00b0 to 9000\u00b0K at neutral particle densities of 4.4 X 10^(17), 7.0 X 10^(17), and 13.3 X 10^(17) cm^(-3), and impurity levels of approximately 10^(-6) A K-band (24-GHz) microwave system situated so that the microwave-beam propagation direction was normal to the shock tube, monitored the ionization relaxation process occurring immediately after the passage of the shock front. Electron density was calculated from\nthe microwave data using a plane-wave-plane-plasma slab interaction theory corrected for near field effects\nassociated with the coupling of the microwave energy to the plasma. These data, adjusted to compensate for the effects of shock attenuation, verified that the dominant electron-generation process involve a two-step, atom-atom ionization reaction, the first step (excitation to the first excited states) being rate determining. The quadratic dependence on neutral density associated with this reaction was experimentally demonstrated (with an uncertainty of \u00b1 15%). The cross section, characterized as having a constant slope from threshold (first excited energy level), represented as the cross-sectional slope constant C, was found to be equal to 1.2 X 10^(-19)\u00b115% cm^2/eV, 1.4 X 10^(-19)\u00b115% cm^2/eV, and 1.8 X 10^(-20)\u00b115% cm^2/eV for argon, krypton, and xenon, respectively. The electron-atom elastic momentum-exchange cross sections derived from the microwave data correlated quite well with Maxwell-averaged beam data, the agreement for the case of argon being \u00b120%; krypton, \u00b130%; and xenon, within a factor of 2.", "date": "1966-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "45", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1723-1732", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-110108976", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-110108976", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-1285" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1727821", "primary_object": { "basename": "175_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yzj8k-spn59/files/175_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Kelly, Arnold J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7q690-d0m28", "eprint_id": 21545, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:28:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:07:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kelly-A-J", "name": { "family": "Kelly", "given": "Arnold J." } } ] }, "title": "Atom-atom ionization mechanism in Argon-Xenon mixtures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics.\nReceived 18 April 1966. \nOnline Publication Date: 18 May 2004.\nWork supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49 (638)-1285.\n\nPublished - 176_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "The atom-atom ionization process occurring in high-purity argon-xenon mixtures has been investigated by means of a conventional shock tube employing a microwave probe to monitor the electron-generation rate. All tests were conducted at approximately atmospheric pressure and at temperatures in the range between 5000\u00b0 and 9000\u00b0K, corresponding to a neutral-particle density of 7.0 X 10^(17) cm^(-3). The cross-sectional slope constant for xenon ionized by collision with an argon atom is 1.8 X 10^(-20) cm^2/eV\u00b120%, that is, equal to that for xenon ionized by collision with another xenon atom. The data for the reaction of argon ionizing xenon are consistent with an activation energy of 8.315 eV, that is, of the xenon-xenon, atom-atom ionization process. No data were obtained for xenon ionizing argon. Good correlation was obtained between the cross sections for electron elastic momentum exchange derived from the microwave experiment and those obtained from beam experiments. The argon-xenon ionization cross section implies that, for atom-atom processes in the noble gases at pressures ~ 1 atm and temperatures ~2/3 eV, the ionization cross section is independent of the electronic\nstructure of the projectile atom.", "date": "1966-09-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "45", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1733-1736", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-113055359", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-113055359", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "Af 49 (638)-1285" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1727822", "primary_object": { "basename": "176_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7q690-d0m28/files/176_Kelly_AJ_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Kelly, Arnold J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mdt6y-rvh40", "eprint_id": 21556, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:28:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:03", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Liu-J-T-C", "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "J. T. C." } } ] }, "title": "Flow induced by an oscillating infinite flat plate in a dusty gas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics. Received 30 March 1966. Online Publication Date: 9 December 2004. The author is indebted to Professor Frank E.\nMarble for frequent and enlightening discussions.\nThis work was supported by the National Science\nFoundation under Grant 713.\n\nPublished - 177_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "The flow induced in an incompressible dusty gas by an infinite flat plate oscillating in its own plane\nis studied. The differential equation describing this problem is given; its form exhibits the relaxation\nfrom a frozen-diffusion process (corresponding to a clean gas) to an equilibrium-diffusion process (corresponding\nto a single heavier gas). The gas velocity profile, shear stress on the plate and the particle\nvelocity profile are obtained exactly and are discussed in terms of the parameters of the problem. The\nessential feature is the inhibition of viscous diffusion in the gas by the particle-gas velocity relaxation.\nMechanical energy dissipation is discussed.", "date": "1966-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "9", "number": "9", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1716-1720", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-072935743", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-072935743", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NSF", "grant_number": "713" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1761926", "primary_object": { "basename": "177_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/mdt6y-rvh40/files/177_Liu_JTC_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Liu, J. T. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2pgz8-g7g76", "eprint_id": 21527, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:21:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:32", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cool-T-A", "name": { "family": "Cool", "given": "Terrill A." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } } ] }, "title": "Recombination, ionization, and nonequilibrium electrical conductivity in seeded plasmas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics. Received 16 September 1965. Online Publication Date: 9 December 2004. This work was supported by the Air Force Office\nof Scientific Research primarily under Grant No.\nAF-AFOSR-160-63, and partially under Contract No. AF 49(638)-1346.\n\nPublished - 170_Cool_TA_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "New data are presented which provide direct experimental confirmation of the validity of a physical model which has been widely employed to predict the electrical conductivity of dense, two-temperature, seeded plasmas. Experimental measurements of electron temperature, and ionization and recombination rates are presented for partially ionized plasmas of potassium-seeded argon. Experimental\nconditions were chosen to cover those ranges of interest in connection with proposed magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion devices for which nonequilibrium electrical conductivity measurements have been previously reported, e.g., translational atom temperatures of about 2000\u00b0K, total atom densities near 10^(18)/cm^3, potassium densities of about 10^(16)/cm^3, electron densities from 10^(13)/cm^3 to 10^(15)/cm^3, and electron temperatures from 2200 to 3500\u00b0K. Measured values of electron-electron-ion\nrecombination coefficients for potassium show good agreement with theoretical values based upon the\nGryzinski classical inelastic-collision cross-section expressions. Observed ionization rates and relaxation\ncharacteristics appear to be adequately explained by a similar formulation for the ionization process.", "date": "1966-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "9", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "780-796", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-093330751", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-093330751", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-AFOSR-160-63" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-1346" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1761745", "primary_object": { "basename": "170_Cool_TA_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2pgz8-g7g76/files/170_Cool_TA_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Cool, Terrill A. and Zukoski, Edward E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7p77f-cme15", "eprint_id": 21526, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:19:51", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tam-C-K-W", "name": { "family": "Tam", "given": "Christopher K. W." } } ] }, "title": "Electrostatic damping on the motion of a charged particle in a plasma", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Physics. Received 2 August 1965; final manuscript received 26 November 1965. Online Publication Date: 9 December 2004. The author is grateful to Professor W. D. Rannie for his encouragement and to Professor R. Gould for his valuable comments in the course of this work.\n\nPublished - 169_Tam_CKW_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "The electrohydrodynamic phenomena associated with the motion of a charged particle in a plasma are investigated. It is shown that the type of disturbance produced in the plasma depends significantly on the speed of the particle, i.e., whether it is subsonic, transonic, or supersonic. In the subsonic case, the electrohydrodynamic drag experienced by the particle is caused by an unsymmetric wake formed by the screening electrons. In the supersonic case, electron screening is confined to the Mach cone. Ahead of the Mach cone, the plasma behaves as if it were an incompressible fluid. The electrohydrodynamic drag in this case has a logarithmic nature.", "date": "1966-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "9", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "493-498", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-092229516", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-092229516", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1761703", "primary_object": { "basename": "169_Tam_CKW_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7p77f-cme15/files/169_Tam_CKW_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Tam, Christopher K. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsdrv-33c07", "eprint_id": 21533, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Acoustic oscillations in solid propellant rocket chambers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966, Springer-Verlag; Wien New York. Received February 15, 1966. The author wishes to express his appreciation to\nProfessors F. E. MARBLE and W. D. RANNIE for many\nhelpful comments.\n\nReprint - 172_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "Acoustic Oscillations in Solid Propellant Rocket\nChambers. Among the various kinds of periodic motions\nobserved in rocket combustion chambers, the most\ncommon and simplest to analyze are those related to\nclassical acoustic modes. If the amplitudes are small,\nthe main perturbations of the familiar standing or\ntravelling waves in a closed chamber are proportional\nto the Mach number of the mean flow. The correct\nequations describing the problem are here obtained from\nthe general equations of motion by a limit process which\nwill also provide equations for studying waves of finite\namplitude. Subsequently, a single non-homogeneous\nwave equation is deduced, and solved by an iteration\u00b7\nperturbation procedure. The principal result is a simple\nformula for the complex frequency showing explicitly\nthe effects of burning, suspended particles in the gases,\nthe exhaust nozzle, and viscous wall forces as well as\nthe mean flow itself. The last is particularly interesting\nsince, owing primarily to the flow inward from the\nburning surface, the mean flow, if it is irrotational,\nnever acts to damp modes which do not involve axial\noscillations. As a particular application, the extensive\ndata taken by BROWNLEE and MARBLE are interpreted\nto the extent that the linear analysis permits. A stability\nboundary was obtained from 250 firings of small cylindrical\nrockets, the principal variables being initial port\ndiameter and length. The propellant did not contain\nmetal particles, and it appears that the observations\ncannot be explained by the supposition that viscous\ndamping associated with particles in the product gases\nwas the main source of energy loss. Apparently dissipation\nat the head end, such as that associated with tangential\nwall shear forces, was an important loss. On the other\nhand, there is little doubt that if the combustion produces\nparticles, the consequent dissipation is adequate\nto damp small amplitude waves.", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "12", "number": "2", "publisher": "Springer-Verlag", "pagerange": "113-126", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-101232276", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-101232276", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "172_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsdrv-33c07/files/172_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rm6hj-yr887", "eprint_id": 21558, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gluck-D-F", "name": { "family": "Gluck", "given": "D. F." } }, { "id": "Gille-J-P", "name": { "family": "Gille", "given": "J. P." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Simkin-D-J", "name": { "family": "Simkin", "given": "D. J." } } ] }, "title": "Distortion of a free surface during tank discharge", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nReceived June 30, 1966.\n\nPublished - 179_Gluck_DF_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "During the process of withdrawing fluids from tanks,\nsurface distortion and subsequent gas ingestion have\nbeen observed in situations where no liquid rotation was present.\nThe distortion takes the form of a depression of the\nliquid surface over the outlet, which leads to ingestion of gas\nin the outlet line before all of the liquid has drained from the\ntank. This phenomenon becomes more important as the fluid\nflow rate is increased.\nThe flow of fluids from tanks, under conditions that lead to\ngas ingestion, has been studied with emphasis on a theoretical\nsolution, e.g., Abramson et al. and Saad and Oliver. However,\nno results applicable to the problem studied here have\nbeen obtained, and to the authors' knowledge, no comprehensive\nexperimental study of the ingestion phenomenon has been\nundertaken prior to this work.\nThis paper describes the results of such an investigation for\nflat-bottomed, right cylindric tanks with right cylindric\noutlets located on the tank centerline. The work discussed\nhere deals primarily with the determination of the maximum\nheight of the liquid surface when the surface distortion reaches\nthe outlet. This distance is called the \"gas ingestion\" height,\nh. This note extends the experimental work and correlation\nof Ref. 3. A more complete description of the theoretical\nwork is presented in Ref. 3.", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets", "volume": "3", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics", "pagerange": "1691-1692", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-080049601", "issn": "0022-4650", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-080049601", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.28731", "primary_object": { "basename": "179_Gluck_DF_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rm6hj-yr887/files/179_Gluck_DF_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Gluck, D. F.; Gille, J. P.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dy7mv-6pg27", "eprint_id": 21538, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:07:05", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Influence of viscosity, surface tension, and inclination angle on motion of long bubbles in closed tubes", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966, Received 28 September 1965. Published online: 28 Mar 2006\n\nPublished - 174_Zukoski_EE_1966.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental study has been made of the motion oflong bubbles in closed\ntubes. The influence of viscosity and surface tension on the bubble velocity is\nclarified. A correlation of bubble velocities in vertical tubes is suggested and is\nshown to be useful for the whole range of parameters investigated. In addition,\nthe effect of tube inclination angle on bubble velocity is presented, and certain\nfeatures of the flow are described qualitatively.", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Fluid Mechanics", "volume": "25", "number": "4", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "pagerange": "821-837", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-104138242", "issn": "0022-1120", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-104138242", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1017/S0022112066000442", "primary_object": { "basename": "174_Zukoski_EE_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dy7mv-6pg27/files/174_Zukoski_EE_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7tnz-g6y65", "eprint_id": 22026, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:47", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:37:13", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cool-T-A", "name": { "family": "Cool", "given": "T. A." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Recombination rates and non-equilibrium electrical conductivity in a seeded plasma", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966.\n\nPublished - 166_Cool_TA.pdf
", "abstract": "Experimentally determined values of electrical conductivity and electron temperature have been measured in a non-equilibrium seeded plasma. These results are in good agreement over a wide range of parameters with values calculated from a two-temperature model of the plasma.\nThere is no doubt that the two-temperature model is valid over a wide range of gas temperatures, seed concentrations, and current densities for the argon-potassium and helium-potassium plasmas. However, the model does not give an accurate description of the plasma when the current density is below about 0.4 amp/cm^2; in this range the omission\nof the influence of atom-atom excitation and the influence of non-equilibrium excited state populations may explain the discrepancy between experiment and theory. In addition, the electron-elecron-ion collisional recombination rate for potassium has been measured in the argon-potassium system. The range of electron temperatures investigated was between 1900\u00b0 K to 3000\u00b0 K with electron densities between 3X10^(13) and 4x10^(14)/cm^3. The measured values show a scatter of 60 per cent about theoretical values calculated from present recombination-rate theory employing the Gryzinski\nclassical collision cross sections.", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-143621068", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-143621068", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "166_Cool_TA.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7tnz-g6y65/files/166_Cool_TA.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Cool, T. A. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1n2qc-2pb97", "eprint_id": 21531, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Remarks on acoustic oscillations in a solid propellant rocket", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received November 5,1965.\n\nPublished - 171_Culick_FEC_1965.pdf
", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "4", "number": "6", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1120-1121", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-100121099", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-100121099", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "171_Culick_FEC_1965.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1n2qc-2pb97/files/171_Culick_FEC_1965.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5t4ef-jp130", "eprint_id": 21535, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 05:13:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Rotational axisymmetric mean flow and damping of acoustic waves in a solid propellant rocket", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1966, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received February 18, 1966; revision received April 22, 1966. Reprinted from AIAA JOURNAL.\n\nPublished - 173_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf
", "date": "1966", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "4", "number": "8", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1462-1464", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-102744600", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-102744600", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "173_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5t4ef-jp130/files/173_Culick_FEC_1966.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1966", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/53hn4-wqn83", "eprint_id": 21524, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:55:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Patch-R-W", "name": { "family": "Patch", "given": "R. W." } } ] }, "title": "Absolute intensity measurements for the 2\u00b77 \u03bc band of water vapor in a shock tube", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1965 Pergamon Press Ltd. Available online 31 July 2002. The study was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant No. AF-AFOSR-7163. The author is indebted to Professor S. S. Penner for helpful discussions during the course of this work.", "abstract": "The apparent spectral absorption coefficients of the H_20 infrared bands in the vicinity of 2\u00b77 \u00b5 were measured in a shock tube behind reflected shock waves in an Ar-H_20 mixture. By interrupting an infrared beam at a 60 kc rate and projecting this beam across the shock tube to a monochromator, it was possible to measure simultaneously both emission and absorption of H_20 at 1000\u00b0K. The spectral absorption coefficients obtained from emission measurements averaged 9\u00b78 per cent higher than absorption coefficients obtained from absorption measurements, probably due to experimental errors (smaller than usually encountered in shock tube measurements). At 1933\u00b0K experimental difficulties precluded simultaneous measurement of infrared emission and absorption, so measurements were restricted to emission. The apparent absorption coefficients were integrated to give the integrated absorption coefficients for the collection of bands near 2\u00b77 \u00b5. Integrated absorption coefficients were 49\u00b78 cm^(-2) atm^(-1), 54\u00b77 cm^(-2) atm^(-1), and 31\u00b76 cm^(-2) atm^(-1) for absorption at 1000\u00b0K, emission at 1000\u00b0K, and emission at 1933\u00b0K, respectively. The two values at 1000\u00b0K were in good agreement with those of Goldstein,\nwho made no measurements above this temperature.", "date": "1965-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "5", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "137-164", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-085202868", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110103-085202868", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-AFOSR-7163" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(65)90038-5", "pub_year": "1965", "author_list": "Patch, R. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6fpy9-tkk71", "eprint_id": 21520, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:53:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:06:13", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Cool-T-A", "name": { "family": "Cool", "given": "Terrill A." } } ] }, "title": "Nonequilibrium electrical conductivity measurements in argon and helium seeded plasmas", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1965, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Received August 24, 1964. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. AFAFOSR-160-63.\n\nPublished - 165_Zukoski_EE_1965.pdf
", "abstract": "In a previous paper, the authors presented experimental values of electrical conductivity measured in a plasma composed of argon gas seeded with potassium vapor. The measurements were made at atmospheric pressure with a neutral gas temperature of 2000\u00b0 \u00b1 100\u00b0K and with a number of values of seed concentration in the range 0.2 to 0.8 mole %. The effect of nonequilibrium heating of the electron gas-excited potassium system was investigated for a range of current densities between 0.8 and 80 amp/cm^2. These data were in good agreement with values of the conductivity calculated by a scheme, outlined in Ref. 1, which included the effects of energy loss from the system, composed of the electron gas and the electronically excited states of potassium due to radiation from the excited potassium atoms. In addition, the pulsed technique used to measure the conductivity in response to a step function application of the electric field made possible the determination of the relaxation times for the ionization process.", "date": "1965", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "3", "number": "2", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "370-371", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-112858217", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101223-112858217", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-160-63" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "165_Zukoski_EE_1965.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6fpy9-tkk71/files/165_Zukoski_EE_1965.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1965", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E. and Cool, Terrill A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jvymj-xh823", "eprint_id": 21600, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:49:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "Edward E." } }, { "id": "Spaid-F-W", "name": { "family": "Spaid", "given": "Frank W." } } ] }, "title": "Secondary Injection of Gases into a Supersonic Flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Presented as Preprint 64-110 at the AIAA Solid Propellant\nRocket Conference, Palo Alto, Calif., January 29-31, 1964;\nrevision received July 10, 1964. This research work was supported\nby the Daniel and Florence Guggenhiem Jet Propulsion\nCenter of the California Institute of Technology and by NASA\nContract No. NAS 7-100, through the Solid Rockets Section of\nthe Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 162_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf
", "abstract": "The flow field around the injection port for secondary injection of a gas normal to a supersonic stream has been studied in a series of wind-tunnel experiments. The experiments were conducted at freestream Mach numbers of 1.38 to 4.54. Gaseous nitrogen, argon, and helium were used as injectants. New information concerning pressure fields, concentration fields, and shock shapes was obtained. A scale parameter has been calculated, based on a\nsimple, inviscid model of the flow field. This scale parameter gives a good general correlation of the data. Use of this scale parameter allows prediction of a simple scaling law for the side forces generated by secondary injection. This side-force scaling law is in approximate agreement with existing rocket motor test results.", "date": "1964-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "2", "number": "10", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1689-1696", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-094540345", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-094540345", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Daniel and Florence Guggenhiem JPL/Caltech" }, { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NAS 7-100" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "64-110", "name": "AIAA Solid Propellant Rocket Conference Preprint" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "162_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jvymj-xh823/files/162_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Zukoski, Edward E. and Spaid, Frank W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g47jd-r8g20", "eprint_id": 10284, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 23:20:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 22:46:46", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Mechanism of particle collision in the one-dimensional dynamics of gas-particle mixtures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived 20 February 1964. \n\nThis work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant GP-713.\n\nPublished - MARpof64.pdf
", "abstract": "A theory is developed for the one-dimensional flow of a gas, containing solid particles of two different sizes, in which the effect of particle collisions is accounted for as well as the interaction between the particles and the gas. It is assumed that the particles behave as smooth elastic spheres, that they follow the Stokes drag law and exchange heat with the gas at a Nusselt number of unity. It is shown that there exists a range of parameters which provides that (i) the viscous flow fields about each particle do not interfere during collision, and (ii) the random velocities imparted by one collision are damped before either particle suffers another collision. Using the assumption of small particle slip, the one-dimensional flow problem is solved explicitly up to first order terms in the small slip. It is found, of course, that the tendency of collisions is to cause the two particle-slip speeds to have more nearly the same value than they would in the absence of interparticle collision. It appears that, although the physical assumptions restrict the magnitude of the interparticle forces, the model does provide the proper limit for very strong particle interaction and can conceivably be applied in this range also without gross error.", "date": "1964-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "7", "number": "8", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1270-1282", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:MARpof64", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MARpof64", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1711372", "primary_object": { "basename": "MARpof64.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g47jd-r8g20/files/MARpof64.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/avd31-grb82", "eprint_id": 21591, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:43:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:57", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldstein-R", "name": { "family": "Goldstein", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "The near-infrared absorption of liquid water at temperatures between 27 and 209\u00b0C", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1964 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. \nReceived 27 September 1963. Available online 24 July 2002.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research, under Contract Nonr 220(45), NR 015 401.", "abstract": "The spectral absorption coefficients of liquid water have been measured between 2200 and 3000 cm^(-1) and between 3700 and 7600 cm^(-1) at temperatures of 27, 89, 159, and 209\u00b0C. The integrated intensities for the entire spectral regions extending from 4600 to 5900 cm^(-1) and from 5900 to 7600 cm^(-1) have also been determined at each of the specified temperatures. Following Buijs and Choppin, the experimental data have been used, in a highly simplified analysis, for the determination of hydrogen bonding\nin liquid water on the assumption that water consists of clusters containing only zero, one or two hydrogen\nbonds per molecule. We have also indicated briefly a more complete analysis of the experimental measurements\nin which the full range of results on spectral absorption coefficients as a continuous function of frequency is properly utilized.", "date": "1964-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "4", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "441-451", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-081524276", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-081524276", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr 220(45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(64)90005-6", "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Goldstein, R. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/e82m7-v8p22", "eprint_id": 21587, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:40:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:44", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "Fred E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Compressible magnetogasdynamic channel flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1964 Springer.\nReceived: June 24, 1963. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)758 with the California Institute of Technology. The author is indebted to Professor F. E. Marble for many useful discussions concerning this subject.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1964-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Angewandte Mathematick und Physik", "volume": "15", "number": "2", "publisher": "Springer", "pagerange": "126-143", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-142506543", "issn": "0044-2275", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-142506543", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)758" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/BF01602655", "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Culick, Fred E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qn5en-7sm73", "eprint_id": 21583, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:40:12", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldstein-R", "name": { "family": "Goldstein", "given": "Robert" } } ] }, "title": "Measurements of infrared absorption by water vapor at temperatures to 1000\u00b0K", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1964 Pergamon Press Ltd. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.\nReceived 24 September 1963. \nAvailable online 29 August 2002. \n\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(45), NR 015401. The author wishes to express his thanks to Professor S. S. Penner for suggesting this investigation and for many stimulating discussions on the subject, to M. Thomas for writing the computer program, and to T. Rose and K. Neel for helping to design and build the absorption cell.", "abstract": "The integrated intensities and spectral absorption coefficients of water vapor in the 1\u00b738 \u00b5, 1\u00b787 \u00b5, 2\u00b77 \u00b5 and 6\u00b73 \u00b5 spectral regions have been measured at temperatures up to 1000\u00b0K. The experiments were performed in a specially designed, high-temperature absorption cell using self-broadening to remove the rotational fine structure.", "date": "1964-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "4", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "343-352", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-134624109", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-134624109", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(64)90075-5", "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Goldstein, Robert" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jpbha-cc180", "eprint_id": 21585, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:40:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldstein-R", "name": { "family": "Goldstein", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Transmission of infrared radiation through liquid water and through water vapor near saturation", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1964 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 24 September 1963. \n\nAvailable online 29 August 2002. \nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401.", "abstract": "No abstract is available for this article.", "date": "1964-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "4", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "359-361", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-140209282", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-140209282", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(64)90077-9", "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Goldstein, R. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/25xd8-jdq76", "eprint_id": 21581, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:38:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Harwell-K-E", "name": { "family": "Harwell", "given": "Kenneth E." } }, { "id": "Jahn-R-G", "name": { "family": "Jahn", "given": "Robert G." } } ] }, "title": "Initial ionization rates in shock-heated Argon, Krypton, and Xenon", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964 American Institute of Physics. Received 18 August 1963; revised manuscript received 11 September 1963.\n\nOnline Publication Date: 9 December 2004.\nThe research described in this paper was supported\nby the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim\nJet Propulsion Center of the California Institute\nof Technology, and by the U. S. Air Force Office of\nScientific Research. The authors wish to thank Professor F. E. Marble for his many contributions to the design and interpretation of these experiments. Mr. A. J. Kelly\nassisted with the construction and operation of the\nequipment, and Mr. H. Wong performed a series\nof related preliminary studies. Mrs. B. McAllister\ncarried out many of the numerical computations.\n\nPublished - 153_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf
Erratum - 163_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf
", "abstract": "The rate of ionization behind strong shock waves in argon, krypton, and xenon, is observed by\na transverse microwave probe, over a range of electron densities low enough that atom-atom inelastic\ncollisions are the rate-determining mechanism. Shocks of Mach number 7.0 to 10.0 propagate\ndown a 2-in. sq. aluminum shock tube into ambient gases at pressures of 3.0 to 17.0 mm. Hg., heating\nthem abruptly to atomic temperatures of 5500\u00b0K to 9600\u00b0K. The subsequent relaxation toward\nionization equilibrium is examined in its early stages by the reflection, transmission, and phase shifts\nof a 24.0 Gc/sec (1.25 cm) transverse microwave beam propagating between two rectangular horns\nabreast a glass test section. The data yield effective activation energies of 11.9 \u00b1 0.5 eV for argon,\n10.4 \u00b1 0.5 eV for krypton, and 8.6 \u00b1 0.5 eV for xenon. These coincide, within experimental error,\nwith the first excitation potentials, rather than the ionization potentials of the gases, indicating that\nin this range ionization proceeds via a two-step process involving the first excited electronic states\nof which the excitation step is rate controlling.", "date": "1964-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "7", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "214-222", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-121347304", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-121347304", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1711135", "primary_object": { "basename": "153_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/25xd8-jdq76/files/153_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "163_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/25xd8-jdq76/files/163_Harwell_KE_1964.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Harwell, Kenneth E. and Jahn, Robert G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g4p5y-fvx81", "eprint_id": 21596, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:33:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Thomas-M", "name": { "family": "Thomas", "given": "M." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate Theoretical Calculation of Continuum Opacities", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. \n\nPresented as Preprint 64-58 at the AIAA Aerospace Sciences\nMeeting, New York, January 20-22, 1964. This work was\nsupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-\n220( 45), NR 015 401. A preliminary account of the studies\ndescribed in this paper was given at the Mollier Colloquium of\nthe Verband Deutscher Ingenieure at Konstantz, West Germany,\non October 25,1963. \n\nThis work was\nsupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220( 45), NR 015 401. A preliminary account of the studies described in this paper was given at the Mollier Colloquium of the Verband Deutscher Ingenieure at Konstantz, West Germany, on October 25,1963. The authors wish to thank B. H. Armstrong for furnishing a\nprecise categorization of the assumptions used in his calculations. As was indicated previously in this discussion, we have avoided the complications associated with the statistical weight factors in terms not containing A' by setting gegm+d gm arbitrarily equal to unity.\n\nPublished - 160_Penner_SS_1964.pdf
", "abstract": "An approxhnate procedure is described for the theoretical calculation of the spectral absorption\ncoefficient produced by bound-free and free-free transitions in plasmas containing polyelectronic\natoms and ions. Our method of calculation is based on the assumption that only two ionized species make important contributions to the opacity and that these two ionic\nconstituents are present in equal concentrations. The approximate formulas are shown to yield results that are in good accord with estimates based on detailed numerical computations for nitrogen.", "date": "1964", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "2", "number": "9", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1572-1575", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-092119084", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-092119084", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220( 45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "64-58", "name": "AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Preprint" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.2623", "primary_object": { "basename": "160_Penner_SS_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g4p5y-fvx81/files/160_Penner_SS_1964.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Thomas, M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1d1f8-e2238", "eprint_id": 21595, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:33:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } }, { "id": "Cool-T-A", "name": { "family": "Cool", "given": "T. A." } }, { "id": "Gibson-E-G", "name": { "family": "Gibson", "given": "E.G." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments Concerning Nonequilibrium Conductivity in a Seeded Plasma", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Presented as Preprint 64-28 at the AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, New York, January 20-22,1964; revision received May 20, 1964. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. AF-AFOSR-160-63.\n\nPublished - 159_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf
", "abstract": "Measurements of conductivity have been made in a plasma composed of argon seeded with potassium vapor. The gas temperature was 2000\u00b0K; the pressure, 1 atm; and the potassium concentration was between 0.22 and 0.80 mole-percent. Conductivity values, calculated from a two-temperature model in which the energy dependence of the cross sections and radiation losses from the plasma are taken into account, agree well with experimental values.\nMeasured values of the plasma temperature appear to be about 10% less than predicted values. Relaxation times for the conductivity in response to a step function change in the electric field were proportional to (n_e0l/\u03c3_0E^2) and were a few tens of microseconds for a field strength in the range 3 to 10 v/cm. The ionization rate appeared to be limited primarily by the heating rate for the plasma, and the short relaxation times suggest that ionization occurs\nby a multistep process. Analysis of conductivity and light intensity data obtained during the transient period indicates that the electron temperature approaches its final value during the first few microseconds.", "date": "1964", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "2", "number": "8", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1410-1417", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-090038619", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-090038619", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-AFOSR-160-63" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "64-28", "name": "AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Preprint" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/3.2559", "primary_object": { "basename": "159_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1d1f8-e2238/files/159_Zukoski_EE_1964.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Zukoski, E. E.; Cool, T. A.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/46ese-ach16", "eprint_id": 21908, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:33:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:29:36", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Thomas-M", "name": { "family": "Thomas", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Adomeit-G", "name": { "family": "Adomeit", "given": "G." } } ] }, "title": "Similarity parameters for radiative energy transfer in isothermal and non-isothermal gas mixtures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962, NTIS. Supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF49(638)-984\n\nReprint - 156_Penner_SS_1964.pdf
", "abstract": "The similarity groups for multicomponent, reacting gas mixtures with radiative\nenergy transport are derived (Section I). The resulting relations are used to consider\nthe feasibility if scaling for flow processes with radiative energy transport under\nhighly simplified conditions (Sections 2 and 3). Next the scaling parameters are\nderived for radiant energy emission from isobaric and isothermal gases for\narbitrary opacities and various spectral line and molecular band models (Section 4).\nScaling parameters for radiant energy emission from isobaric but non-isothermal\nsystems are discussed for arbitrary opacities and various spectral line and molecular\nband models under the restrictions imposed on the allowed temperature profiles for\ndispersion and Doppler lines by the Eddington-Barbier approximation (Section 5).\nFinally, we consider the radiative scaling properties for representative\ntemperature profiles for both collision-broadened and Doppler-broadened line\nprofiles on the basis if exact numerical calculations that we have performed for a\nrotational spectral line belonging to a molecular vibration-rotation band. (Section\n6). It appears that simple scaling rules generally constitute a fair approximation\nfor dispersion lines in non-isothermal systems but that corresponding relations\napply to lines with Doppler contour only in the transparent gas regime.", "date": "1964", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-120321921", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-120321921", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF49(638)-984" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF-7163" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "156", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Olfe-D-B", "name": { "family": "Olfe", "given": "Daniel B." } }, { "id": "Zakkay-V", "name": { "family": "Zakkay", "given": "V." } } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "California Institute of Technology" ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "156_Penner_SS_1964.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/46ese-ach16/files/156_Penner_SS_1964.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1964", "author_list": "Penner, S. S.; Thomas, M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1qy6-9y416", "eprint_id": 21580, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:32:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:15", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Nozzle contours for minimum particle-lag loss", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1964, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nReceived June 20, 1963; revision received September 10, 1963.\n\nPublished - 152_Marble_FE_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "The flow of a gas-particle mixture through a rocket nozzle is analyzed under the approximation that the particle slip velocity is small compared with the average mixture velocity, using one-dimensional gasdynamics, the Stokes drag law, and corresponding approximations for the heat transfer between solid and gas phase. The variational problem defining the pressure distribution giving the minimum impulse loss due to particle lag is formulated and\nsolved for nozzles of prescribed mass flow, length, and of given exit pressure or area. The throat section of the optimum nozzle is considerably elongated and more gradual than that of the conventional nozzle. The velocity and temperature lags were much lower (about 1/3) in the throat region than those for the conventional nozzle. The impulse loss of the optimum nozzle was, however, reduced only about 30% below that of the conventional nozzle. It is concluded that contouring of the nozzle to improve gas-particle flow performance will result in only very modest gains. As a direct consequence, the impulse losses calculated herein for optimum nozzles can be used as a rough but convenient approximation for the impulse losses in conventional nozzles having the same area ratio or pressure ratio.", "date": "1963-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "1", "number": "12", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "2793-2801", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-120110913", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-120110913", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "152_Marble_FE_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1qy6-9y416/files/152_Marble_FE_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aamnp-s1k45", "eprint_id": 21575, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:30:52", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:01", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "A boundary-layer problem associated with magnetogasdynamic channel flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nReceived February 11, 1963; revision received July 17, 1963.\nThis work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)758 with California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - 150_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf
", "date": "1963-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "1", "number": "11", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "2666-2667", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-112109595", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-112109595", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-758" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "150_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/aamnp-s1k45/files/150_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7grrp-hx412", "eprint_id": 21578, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:30:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:09:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Porter-J-W", "name": { "family": "Porter", "given": "J. W." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental determination of desorption rates and of heats of desorption", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963 American Institute of Physics. Received 13 May 1963. Online Publication Date: 9 December 2004. \nThese studies were supported by the U. S. Army\nResearch Office (Durham) under Grant No. DA-ARO\n(D)-31-124-G289.\n\nPublished - 151_Porter_JW_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "Gas discharge rates through a de Laval nozzle from a closed chamber have been measured for Ar, He, and CO_2. The effective desorption rates from vessels containing sand and silica gel have also been determined at various temperatures by measuring the time rate of pressure decay in the chamber. The experimental data have been used, in conjunction with a theoretical expression for diffusion controlled desorption rates, to estimate heats of desorption from silica gel. Results have been obtained\nthat are in approximate agreement with estimates made by other investigators using more conventional procedures.", "date": "1963-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "6", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1610-1624", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-113444432", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-113444432", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Research Office (ARO)", "grant_number": "DA-ARO (D)-31-124-G289" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1710995", "primary_object": { "basename": "151_Porter_JW_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7grrp-hx412/files/151_Porter_JW_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Porter, J. W. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/15vw0-hb528", "eprint_id": 21572, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:24:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Watson-R", "name": { "family": "Watson", "given": "Ronald" } } ] }, "title": "Experimental spectroscopic temperature measurement in the reflected wave region of a shock tube using the OH^2\u2211 \u2192 ^2\u03a0 band system", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1963 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 7 February 1963. Available online 17 August 2002. Supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. AFOSR-7163 with the California Institute of Technology. The author is indebted to Prof. S. S. Penner for his helpful advice and discussions during the course of this work.", "abstract": "Experimental measurements of the population temperature behind the reflected shock in a shock tube are presented. Emission from two wave length intervals of the OH^2\u2211 \u2192 ^2\u03a0 electronic band system was measured photoelectrically, the signals observed being generated by a narrow core of hot\ngas in the reflected shock region looking axially up the tube. The ratio of the rate of increase of intensity,\nper unit increase of optical depth, in the two spectral regions is a unique function of the temperature for\na transparent gas. The linearity of the signal increase with time represents an experimental verification\nof the transparency and equilibrium of the test gas.\nIn the temperature range of 3300-4300\u00b0K (M_s ~ 4), the measured spectroscopic temperature was in good agreement with the calculated equilibrium temperature, the estimated accuracy of the spectroscopic temperature being \u00b1 75\u00b0K. A relaxation time of about 25 \u00b5sec was observed for the (2,2) and (3,3) vibration bands to reach statistical equilibrium with the lower (0,0) and (1,1) vibrational levels in the ^2\u2211\nstate from which the emission occurred.", "date": "1963-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "3", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "255-264", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-104430745", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-104430745", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AFOSR-7163" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(63)90036-0", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Watson, Ronald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/z3d5v-9x647", "eprint_id": 21573, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:24:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Thomas-M", "name": { "family": "Thomas", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On radiative transfer calculations from non-isothermal gases", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1963 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 10 June 1963. Available online 17 August 2002.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1963-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "3", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "293-294", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-110939383", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-110939383", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(63)90041-4", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Thomas, M. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qg7w2-amm72", "eprint_id": 21563, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:22:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Stability of high-frequency pressure oscillations in rocket combustion chambers", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.\nReceived by ARS November 19, 1962; revision received January\n22, 1963. This paper is based on work carried out in partial\nfulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. M. Finston served as supervisor.\n\nPublished - 142_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "The problem of determining the stability of high-frequency pressure oscillations in rocket combustion chambers is treated explicitly as a perturbation of the classical acoustics problem. On the basis of previous experimental results, the energy addition hy combustion is emphasized,\nand an analysis is developed for tbe stability of stationary pressure waves in chammers using either liquid or gaseous propellants. The formulation is for the three-dimensional case; computations are carried out in detail for a cylindrical chamber in which the mean velocity is parallel to the axis and varies only with axial position. The principal result is a formula for the imaginary part of the complex frequency associated with each of the natural\nmodes of the chamber. This yields a single dimensionless group as a measure of the stability of individual chamber modes. Because of the present lack of sufficiently detailed experimental evidence, quantitative interpretation seems impossible, but qualitative agreement with observations can be demonstrated.", "date": "1963-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "1", "number": "5", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1097-1104", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-082306038", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-082306038", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "142_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qg7w2-amm72/files/142_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/97sp9-w8k13", "eprint_id": 21624, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:19:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-T-A", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "T. A." } } ] }, "title": "Further shock-tube studies by infrared emission of the decomposition of ammonia", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963 American Chemical Society. Received September 12, 1962. \nPublication Date: March 1963.\n\nThe author wishes to thank Professor S. S. Penner for his stimulating interest during the course of this work. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)-984.\n\nPublished - j100797a030_1_.pdf
Reprint - 140_Jacobs_TA_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1963-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Physical Chemistry", "volume": "67", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Chemical Society", "pagerange": "665-667", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-105613945", "issn": "0022-3654", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-105613945", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF49(638)-984" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1021/j100797a030", "primary_object": { "basename": "140_Jacobs_TA_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/97sp9-w8k13/files/140_Jacobs_TA_1963.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "j100797a030_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/97sp9-w8k13/files/j100797a030_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Jacobs, T. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3c7vy-04w08", "eprint_id": 21614, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:18:14", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion and Propulsion Research", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963 American Chemical Society.\nPublication Date: January 1963.\n\nReprint - 137_Penner_SS_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "Combustion chemistry is one of the oldest branches of chemical science. Among its pioneers must be counted Lavoisier, Bunsen, and others whose names belong among those of the founders of chemical science. That this close connection between combustion science and chemistry continues is well illustrated by the work of C. N. Hinshelwood and N. N. Semenov in elucidating chain reaction mechanisms, for which they shared the 1956 Nobel Prize. This work was at least partly motivated by difficulties in solving a classical problem in combustion science, viz., measurement of explosion limits for premixed gases in closed vessels.", "date": "1963-01-14", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Chemical and Engineering News", "volume": "41", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Chemical Society", "pagerange": "74-85", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-080122631", "issn": "0009-2347", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-080122631", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1021/cen-v041n002.p074", "primary_object": { "basename": "137_Penner_SS_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3c7vy-04w08/files/137_Penner_SS_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h9ff5-01c17", "eprint_id": 21623, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:16:59", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldestein-R", "name": { "family": "Goldestein", "given": "R." } } ] }, "title": "Preliminary absolute intensity measurements for the 1\u202238, 1\u202237 and 2\u20227 \u00b5 bands of water vapor between 125 and 200\u00b0C", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1963 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. \nReceived 24 August 1962. \nAvailable online 24 July 2002. \nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1963-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "3", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "91-93", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-102523673", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-102523673", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(63)90010-4", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Goldestein, R." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cj44r-k9z96", "eprint_id": 21631, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:17:07", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gray-L-D", "name": { "family": "Gray", "given": "L. D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Radiative energy transfer to centrally located areas in cylindrical and conical chambers containing isothermal, grey emitters", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1963 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.\n\nReceived 24 August 1962. Available online 24 July 2002. Supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401.", "abstract": "The geometrical interchange factors for radiative energy transfer have been evaluated for various conical configurations. A representative calculation has been carried out for the radiant energy transfer to a centrally located area element at the plane of intersection between two coaxial cones.", "date": "1963-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "3", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "29-34", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-133056508", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-133056508", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(63)90004-9", "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Gray, L. D. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nsp8s-tt415", "eprint_id": 21569, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:15:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:08:41", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Culick-F-E-C", "name": { "family": "Culick", "given": "F. E. C." } } ] }, "title": "Comments on a hanging soap film", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, \nReceived January 14, 1963.\n\nPublished - 143_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf
", "date": "1963", "date_type": "published", "publication": "AIAA Journal", "volume": "1", "number": "6", "publisher": "AIAA", "pagerange": "1462-1463", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-093958992", "issn": "0001-1452", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110104-093958992", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "143", "name": "Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" }, { "id": "GALCIT" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "143_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nsp8s-tt415/files/143_Culick_FEC_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Culick, F. E. C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fnwt0-m4c83", "eprint_id": 22071, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:15:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:39:32", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Dynamics of a gas containing small solid particles", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963 Pergamon Press.\n\nReprint - 147_Marble_FE_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1963", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-103139308", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110208-103139308", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "147_Marble_FE_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fnwt0-m4c83/files/147_Marble_FE_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kkmm9-pnf61", "eprint_id": 22000, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:15:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:35:40", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Olfe-D-B", "name": { "family": "Olfe", "given": "D. B." } }, { "id": "Lapp-M", "name": { "family": "Lapp", "given": "M." } } ] }, "title": "Recent studies on quantitative spectroscopy and gas emissivities", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1963, Pergamon Press. The work described in this report has been supported, in part, by the Office of Naval\nResearch, U.S. Navy, under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015401 and, in part, by the Office\nof Scientific Research, U.S. Air Force, under Contract AF 18(603)-2. This paper has been\nprepared for presentation at an ASME Heat Transfer Symposium in New York City,\nNovember 1960.\n\nReprint - 141_Penner_SS_1963.pdf
", "abstract": "Representative theoretical and experimental studies relating to the determination of gaseous radiation from isothermal systems are discussed. The following recently concluded studies are described: f-number measurements for OH behind shock fronts; a method for the direct determination of radiative and collisional life times of vibrationally excited, molecules; emissivity calculations for CO_2; emissivity calculations for a hydrogen plasma\nat temperatures up to about 10,000\u00b0K.", "date": "1963", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Pergamon Press", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-080105852", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-080105852", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research" }, { "agency": "U. S. Navy", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03)" }, { "agency": "U. S. Navy", "grant_number": "NR 015401" }, { "agency": "Office of Scientific Research" }, { "agency": "U.S. Air Force", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-2" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "141", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "141_Penner_SS_1963.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kkmm9-pnf61/files/141_Penner_SS_1963.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1963", "author_list": "Penner, S. S.; Olfe, D. B.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9ea9j-eg246", "eprint_id": 21996, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:12:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:35:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "Stanford S." } } ] }, "title": "Propellants and Combustion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 hy the American Rocket Society Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright Owner. Reprinted from Astronautics, November 1962. The author is indebted to Dr. I Glassman for contributing the discussion on propellant technoly.\n\nReprint - 133_Penner_SS_1962.pdf
", "date": "1962-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautics", "volume": "6", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "97-98", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-072536822", "issn": "0097-7152", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-072536822", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "133", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "133_Penner_SS_1962.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9ea9j-eg246/files/133_Penner_SS_1962.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Penner, Stanford S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j609h-as617", "eprint_id": 21637, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:11:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:12:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Watson-R", "name": { "family": "Watson", "given": "Ronald" } } ] }, "title": "Procedure for reliable preparation of shock tube test gas mixtures containing water vapor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 American Institute of Physics. Received July 2, 1962; and in final form, July 19, 1962. \n\nOnline Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nThis work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49(638)-984 with the California Institute of Technology.\n\nPublished - RevSciInstrum_33_1113_1_.pdf
Reprint - 132_Watson_R_1962.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1962-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Review of Scientific Instruments", "volume": "33", "number": "10", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1113-1114", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-152408147", "issn": "0034-6748", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-152408147", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-984" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1717700", "primary_object": { "basename": "132_Watson_R_1962.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j609h-as617/files/132_Watson_R_1962.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "RevSciInstrum_33_1113_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j609h-as617/files/RevSciInstrum_33_1113_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Watson, Ronald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/37m9k-dx642", "eprint_id": 21710, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:08:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Patch-R-W", "name": { "family": "Patch", "given": "R. W." } }, { "id": "Shackleford-W-L", "name": { "family": "Shackleford", "given": "W. L." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate spectral absorption coefficient calculations for electronic band systems belonging to diatomic molecules", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 22 November 1961. Available online 24 July 2002. Supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract AF 49 (638)-984.", "abstract": "The spectral absorption coefficients in electronic band systems of diatomic emitters have been computed in the past by models that may be described as 'the just overlapping line model' and a model 'utilizing a smeared out rotational structure'. Although the basic relations are obtained by utilizing somewhat different physical arguments, the resulting equations are, in fact, identical. Spectral absorption coefficients have been calculated for the NO \u03b3-bands at 2000\u00baK by using the approximate theoretical relations. The calculated results are in good agreement with estimates derived by numerical calculations in which, however, the absorption coefficient data were averaged over intervals of 2000 cm^(-1).", "date": "1962-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "2", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "263-271", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-140517033", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-140517033", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-984" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(62)90002-X", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Patch, R. W.; Shackleford, W. L.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jp0h3-gsq02", "eprint_id": 21630, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:08:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Watson-R", "name": { "family": "Watson", "given": "Ronald" } } ] }, "title": "Temperature measurement on the OH ^2\u03a3\u2192^2\u03a0 band system for a transparent gas in a shock tube", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1962 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.\n\nReceived 25 June 1962. Available online 24 July 2002. Supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401, with the California Institute of Technology.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1962-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "2", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "301-303", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-131913150", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-131913150", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(45), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(62)90006-7", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Watson, Ronald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bzg8g-4y888", "eprint_id": 12819, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:06:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-17 20:56:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahn-R-G", "name": { "family": "Jahn", "given": "Robert G." } } ] }, "title": "Microwave Probing of Ionized-Gas Flows", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962 The American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived January 29, 1962. \n\nThe author is greatly indebted to Dr. G. Fonda-Bonardi for his recommendation on the design of the microwave horns and the associated circuitry, and for several helpful suggestions on the conduct of the experiments. K. Harwell performed much of the technical operation and assisted considerably in the data reduction. \n\nThis work was supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research.\n\nPublished - JAHpof62.pdf
", "abstract": "The measurement of free-electron densities and collision frequencies in ionized-gas flows by a probing transverse microwave beam is described. Interpretation of the observed reflection and transmission coefficients and their phases is developed on the basis of an idealized plane wave-plane slab model, for which typical results are displayed. Application of the device and technique to a specific experiment\u2014the buildup of ionization behind a strong shock in argon\u2014is outlined. Effects of various departures of the microwave radiation patterns and flow configurations from the slab assumptions are discussed and examples evaluated.", "date": "1962-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "5", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "678-686", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JAHpof62", "issn": "0031-9171", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JAHpof62", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1706684", "primary_object": { "basename": "JAHpof62.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bzg8g-4y888/files/JAHpof62.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Jahn, Robert G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1mprq-tbj76", "eprint_id": 21632, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:05:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Watson-R", "name": { "family": "Watson", "given": "Ronald" } } ] }, "title": "Reduction of ultraviolet scattering from a continuous light source in a littrow type monochromator", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1962 Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Submitted December 19, 1961. \nPublication date: 1962-05-01.\nWork performed under Air Force Contract AF 49 (618)-984", "abstract": "Quantitative spectroscopic experiments in shock tubes such as f-number measurements [for example (1)] require an absolute calibration of the optical system, monochromator, and detector. This is very often done for ultraviolet transitions around 3000-3500A with a tungsten strip filament lamp for which emissivities are known (2).", "date": "1962-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Applied Spectroscopy", "volume": "16", "number": "5", "publisher": "Society for Applied Spectroscopy", "pagerange": "164-165", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-135634209", "issn": "0003-7028", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-135634209", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-984" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1366/000370262774416164", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Watson, Ronald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ct12-0nw32", "eprint_id": 21708, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 04:00:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:41", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gutmann-A", "name": { "family": "Gutmann", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental determination of the heat of dissociation of N _2O_4\u21922NO_2 from the temperature dependence of absolute infrared intensities", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961 American Institute of Physics. Received 13 June 1961. \nOnline Publication Date: 13 July 2004.\nSupported by the Physics Branch of the Office of Naval\nResearch.\n\nPublished - 123_Guttman_A_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "The heat of dissociation of N_2O_4 has been determined from measurements of the temperature dependence of the integrated absorption of NO_2 and N_2O_4 vibration-rotation bands. Results have been obtained that are in acceptable accord with the earlier estimate of Giauque and Kemp.", "date": "1962-01-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "36", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "98-99", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-133201065", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-133201065", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR) Physics Branch" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1732326", "primary_object": { "basename": "123_Guttman_A_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ct12-0nw32/files/123_Guttman_A_1961.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Gutmann, A. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/78q3m-mee52", "eprint_id": 21709, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:58:51", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Gutman-A", "name": { "family": "Gutman", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Absolute infrared intensity measurements on nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 20 June 1961. Available online 31 July 2002. Supported by the U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research, under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015401. For a more detailed description of the experimental studies, see the Ph.D. Thesis of A. Guttman, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 1962. The author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner for suggesting this investigation and for his helpful discussions and suggestions during the course of the work. Grateful appreciation is also extended to Dr. T. A. Jacobs for his assistance with the experimental work.", "abstract": "The integrated intensities as a function of temperature have been measured for one NO_2 and for four N_2O_4 combination bands in the spectral region from 1 to 5\u00b5. The temperature was varied from 50 to 100\u00b0C for the gas-phase studies and from 25 to 100\u00b0C for the liquid-phase experiments. In the spectral region from 5 to 15\u00b5, integrated intensities at 25\u00b0C were measured for one NO_2 and for three N_2O_4 fundamental bands. Saturated vapors were used in all experiments; the optical depth was varied by using a series of spacers in a specially designed infrared absorption cell capable of handling both liquid and gas. Measured intensities for N_2O_4 combination bands in the liquid and gas phases were compared and found\nto differ by less than 16 per cent for three out of four combination bands studied; for the fourth band, the\nobserved difference was about 50 per cent. Results for all of the combination bands investigated indicate that the integrated intensities vary approximately as l/T in the temperature range under consideration.", "date": "1962-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "2", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1-15", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-134738438", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-134738438", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Navy" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(62)90011-0", "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Gutman, A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jjp56-43765", "eprint_id": 21638, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:57:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:12:13", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Porter-J-W", "name": { "family": "Porter", "given": "J. W." } } ] }, "title": "Influence of Heterogeneous Reaction Processes on Atomic Recombination Rates in Rocket Nozzles", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962, Received November 21, 1961. Supported by the Army Research Office-Durham under Contract DA-04-495-\nOrd-1634.\n\nReprint - 131_Penner_SS_1962.pdf
", "abstract": "Approximate relations are derived for determining under what\nconditions in two-phase flow heterogeneous two-body processes are expected to proceed as rapidly as the homogeneous three-body recombination reaction.", "date": "1962", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "8", "number": "4", "publisher": "Springer", "pagerange": "240-242", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-153626736", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-153626736", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Research Office-Durham", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-1634" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "131_Penner_SS_1962.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jjp56-43765/files/131_Penner_SS_1962.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Porter, J. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jmdvd-pvy35", "eprint_id": 21849, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:57:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:26:05", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rannie-W-D", "name": { "family": "Rannie", "given": "W. D." } } ] }, "title": "Perturbation analysis of one-dimensional heterogeneous flow in rocket nozzles", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962, Submitted for publication to the American Rocket Society, Jan. 3, 1962. w. D. RANNIE is Robert H. Goddard Professor of Jet Propulsion,\nDaniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion\nCenter, K\u00e1rm\u00e1n Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics and Jet Propulsion.\n\nPublished - 130_Ranni_WD.pdf
", "abstract": "A perturbation analysis of the velocity and temperature\nlags in two-phase flow in rocket nozzles is developed and applied to the calculation of specific impulse and other performance characteristics of nozzles of arbitrary shape. Within the limitations of the one-dimensional flow approximation, the analysis is valid for distributions of particle diameters that are in a practical range.", "date": "1962", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Academic Press", "place_of_pub": "New York", "pagerange": "117-144", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-101804833", "isbn": "978-1-60086-261-8", "book_title": "Detonation and two-phase flow : a selection of technical papers based mainly on a symposium of the American Rocket Society held at Palm Beach, Florida, April 26-28, 1961", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-101804833", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "130", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "130_Ranni_WD.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jmdvd-pvy35/files/130_Ranni_WD.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Rannie, W. D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wpbnb-bsv04", "eprint_id": 21878, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:57:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:28:02", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Spectroscopy methods of temperature measurements", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962, Supported the Office of Scientific Research,\nU.S. Air Force, under Contract AF 49(638)-984.\n\nReprint - 136_Penner_SS_1962.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1962", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Reinhold Publishing Corp.", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-105124057", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-105124057", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 49 (638)-984" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Herzfeld-C-M", "name": { "family": "Herzfeld", "given": "Charles M." } }, { "id": "Brickwedde-F-G", "name": { "family": "Brickwedde", "given": "F. G." } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "136_Penner_SS_1962.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/wpbnb-bsv04/files/136_Penner_SS_1962.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1962", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g11ab-h1w50", "eprint_id": 21695, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:55:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:14:58", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Heitland-H-H", "name": { "family": "Heitland", "given": "Herbert H." } } ] }, "title": "Design of a high-speed valve", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961 American Institute of Physics. Received June 26, 1961; and in final form, July 31, 1961. \nOnline Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nThe experimental work was supported by the U. S. Army Research Office, Durham. The author wishes to thank Professor S. S. Penner for helpful suggestions and discussion.\n\nPublished - RevSciInstrum_32_1203_2_.pdf
Reprint - 120_Heitland_HH_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "A high\u2010speed valve has been designed for opening a deLaval nozzle in times less than 10^(\u22123) sec.", "date": "1961-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Review of Scientific Instruments", "volume": "32", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1203-1204", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-104401338", "issn": "0034-6748", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-104401338", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Research Office (ARO)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1717208", "primary_object": { "basename": "120_Heitland_HH_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g11ab-h1w50/files/120_Heitland_HH_1961.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "RevSciInstrum_32_1203_2_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g11ab-h1w50/files/RevSciInstrum_32_1203_2_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Heitland, Herbert H." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ze5at-tjg45", "eprint_id": 21696, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:55:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On iraser detectors for radiation emitted from diatomic gases and coherent infrared sources", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Pergamon Press Ltd. Received 2 January 1961. Available online 31 July 2002. Consultant; permanent address: Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. The author is indebted to Mr. K. G. Sulzmann for checking the numerical work.", "abstract": "The principles involved in the construction of a detector based on the use of an infrared maser (i.e., an iraser) are described for diatomic molecules. The use of iraser detectors holds promise for increasing detector sensitivity over more conventional detector devices for a selected number of diatomic emitters, namely, for molecules with relatively distant rotational line spacing such as HCl or HF. The iraser device may also be used as a multi-wavelength, coherent infrared source", "date": "1961-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer", "volume": "1", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "163-168", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-105512909", "issn": "0022-4073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-105512909", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0022-4073(61)90021-8", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w0ekr-cm427", "eprint_id": 21694, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:53:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:14:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kerrebrock-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kerrebrock", "given": "Jack L." } }, { "id": "Meghreblian-R-V", "name": { "family": "Meghreblian", "given": "Robert V." } } ] }, "title": "Vortex containment for the gaseous-fission rocket", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961, by the Institute of the Aerospace Sciences. Received May 20, 1960. This paper is based largely upon the analysis and results of reference 1, which was declassified December 21, 1959.\n\nReprint - 119_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "The nuclear rocket is potentially capable of much higher\nspecific impulse than any chemically fueled rocket, because of the high energy content per unit mass of the fissionable material. While a part of this potential can be realized by use of a low molecular weight propellant heated by solid fuel plates, it seems clear that the full potential can be realized only if the fissionable material can be retained in gaseous form, and its fission energy transferred directly to the propellant.", "date": "1961-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aerospace Sciences", "volume": "28", "number": "9", "publisher": "Institute of the Aerospace Sciences", "pagerange": "710-724", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-103208503", "issn": "0001-4966", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-103208503", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "119_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w0ekr-cm427/files/119_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Kerrebrock, Jack L. and Meghreblian, Robert V." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/66gxx-qtn86", "eprint_id": 21691, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:52:22", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:14:48", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kerrebrock-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kerrebrock", "given": "Jack L." } } ] }, "title": "Electrode boundary layers in direct-current plasma accelerators", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961. by the Institute of the Aerospace Sciences. Received April 20. 1960. This research was supported by the United States Air Force through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research of the Air Research and Development Command. under Contract No. AF 49(638)-758. Senior Research Fellow. Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center. The author wishes to express his gratitude to Prof. Frank E. Marble who. through many discussions, contributed a great deal to the formulation and interpretation of this work.\n\nReprint - 118_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "One of the problems that must be faced in the development of\ndirect-current plasma accelerators is that of boundary-layer\ngrowth on the electrode surfaces. These surfaces must be maintained at a somewhat lower temperature than is desirable in the bulk of the gas flow. The associated reduction in electrical conductivity near the electrode surface, together with the continuous current through the boundary layer, may result in greatly augmented Joule heating near the surface, and increased heat transfer.\nThis phenomenon is treated within the framework of boundary layer theory. It is found that similar solutions for the thermal and viscous boundary layers exist for a certain class of accelerated flows in which the velocity varies as a power of the streamwise coordinate. The solutions show that the heat-transfer rate at Mach numbers near unity may be as much as ten times that which would be expected for a normal boundary layer. At higher Mach numbers, the similarity is not precisely valid; however, the analysis indicates qualitatively that a stagnation enthalpy overshoot may occur in the high-temperature portion\nof the boundary layer as a result of the electromagnetic acceleration.", "date": "1961-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aerospace Sciences", "volume": "28", "number": "8", "publisher": "Institute of the Aerospace Sciences", "pagerange": "631-644", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-095750483", "issn": "0001-4966", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-095750483", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "United States Air Force/Air Force Office of Scientific Research of the Air", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-758" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "118_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/66gxx-qtn86/files/118_Kerrebrock_JL_1961.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Kerrebrock, Jack L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h6ftw-xzb88", "eprint_id": 21612, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:47:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:11:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Gray-L-D", "name": { "family": "Gray", "given": "L. D." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate infrared emissivity calculations for HCl at elevated temperatures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Optical Society of America. Received November 15. 1960. Supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract.\n\nPublished - 3C3F29B4-D18B-D6F9-D0969EFE32F50A56_167116_1_.pdf
Reprint - 115_Penner_SS_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1961-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "51", "number": "4", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "460-462", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-072930687", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110106-072930687", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.51.000460", "primary_object": { "basename": "115_Penner_SS_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h6ftw-xzb88/files/115_Penner_SS_1961.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "3C3F29B4-D18B-D6F9-D0969EFE32F50A56_167116_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h6ftw-xzb88/files/3C3F29B4-D18B-D6F9-D0969EFE32F50A56_167116_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Gray, L. D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rz0ga-7sp02", "eprint_id": 21682, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:46:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:14:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Watson-R", "name": { "family": "Watson", "given": "Ronald" } } ] }, "title": "Effect of scale size on a rocket engine with suddenly frozen nozzle flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961, by the American Hocket Society, Inc. Received Sept. 29, 1960. This work was carried out in part under Air Force Contract AF 04(647)-309 at Space Technology Laboratories, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif. NSF Fellow, Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center. Numbers in parentheses indicate References at end of paper. The \"suddenness\" of the freezing depends on both the reaction rate constants and geometry. In a personal communication Bray pointed out that for nozzles with very small expansion angles, the freezing stretches out over quite some length and is far from sudden.\n\nReprint - 116_Watson_R_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "Recent analytical work by Bray indicates that single\nelement, chemically reacting systems, e.g., H_2 \u21cb 2H, may\nsuddenly freeze their composition at some point in a high\nspeed nozzle and then remain at fixed composition\nthroughout the remainder of the expansion. This sudden\nfreezing or \"quenching\" phenomenon was also apparent\nin some theoretical calculations reported by Hall et al.\nand has been verified experimentally by Wegener. It\nis the purpose of this note to show qualitatively how\nBray's sudden-freezing criterion is related to engine size\nby the scale factor for geometrically similar engines having\nn on equilibrium nozzle flows and in which a propellant\nsystem is used for which Bray's analysis is valid.", "date": "1961-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "ARS Journal", "volume": "31", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "452-453", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-082616427", "issn": "0097-4056", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-082616427", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AF 04(647)-309" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "116_Watson_R_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/rz0ga-7sp02/files/116_Watson_R_1961.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Watson, Ronald" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gdrqk-sqt64", "eprint_id": 21605, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:42:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Albini-F-A", "name": { "family": "Albini", "given": "Frank A." } }, { "id": "Jahn-R-G", "name": { "family": "Jahn", "given": "Robert G." } } ] }, "title": "Reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves at electron density gradients", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961 American Institute of Physics. Received 10 October 1960. \nOnline Publication Date: 11 June 2004.\n\nWork supported in part by the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The authors acknowledge with thanks the help of Profs. J. Todd, W. D. Rannie, and F. E., Marble, and the staff of the Western Data Processing Center,\nU.C.L.A., on whose IBM 709 the calculations were\nperformed.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_32_75_1_.pdf
Reprint - 114_Albini_FA_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "Solutions are obtained for the propagation of plane electromagnetic waves parallel to a gradient of free electron density, in the form of complex Airy functions. Reflection and transmission coefficients are derived for normal incidence on a linear \"ramp\" of electron density connecting a uniform dielectric gas with a uniform ionized gas, as functions of ramp length and propagation exponent of the latter. Machine evaluations of typical cases of physical interest are displayed and discussed. Similar study is made of two\u2010stage ramps of variable proportions, intended as second approximations to smooth profile transition zones. In each case, the reflection and transmission coefficients are found to depend strongly on ramp width over a range of several tenths of a wavelength, then to oscillate mildly toward the asymptotic values predicted from a WKB\u2010type approximation. The results are less sensitive to the detailed shape of the electron density profile. Propagation through a finite slab of ionized gas bounded on each side by such linear transition zones is formulated and evaluated for typical cases. Asymptotic approximations for the linear ramp problem are found to be inadequate to cover the entire range of interest. The neglect of variation in collision frequency through the transition is discussed and justified for a broad class of equilibrium profiles.", "date": "1961-01-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "32", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "75-82", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-113557287", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-113557287", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1735964", "primary_object": { "basename": "JApplPhys_32_75_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gdrqk-sqt64/files/JApplPhys_32_75_1_.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "114_Albini_FA_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gdrqk-sqt64/files/114_Albini_FA_1961.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Albini, Frank A. and Jahn, Robert G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/p7vjp-yvy17", "eprint_id": 21668, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:13:28", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Reichenbach-J", "name": { "family": "Reichenbach", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "An iterative procedure for the solution of nozzle-relaxation problems with reversible chemical reactions", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Combustion Institute Published by Elsevier Inc. \nAvailable online 5 May 2007. Supported by the Chemistry Branch of the Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army, under Contract DA-04-495-Ord-446.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "8", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "359-366", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-112613040", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-112613040", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army of the Office of Ordnance Research Chemistry Branch", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80524-2", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Reichenbach, J. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5sdj1-h9w05", "eprint_id": 21865, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:27:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Broman-G-E", "name": { "family": "Broman", "given": "G. E." } }, { "id": "Zukoski-E-E", "name": { "family": "Zukoski", "given": "E. E." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental investigation of flame stabilization in a deflected jet", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Elsevier B.V. \nAvailable online 5 May 2007. This paper presents the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet. Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract No. NASw-6, sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.", "abstract": "The discrepancies in the stability limits based on the characteristic time \u03c4_0, which were observed when burner families of different geometry were compared in Section III, have been explained by use of the residence time concept. Thus, the present experiments with burners of varying geometry have clearly shown that the residence time in the mixing zone is the proper correlation parameter for the stability limits. This parameter is not affected by the great variation the flow field encounters when the slot ratio is changed over a wide range. The experiment also has shown that the most satisfactory correlation is obtained by use of a residence time for the material in the inner part of the mixing zone.\nThe small slot-ratio burner shows several interesting similarities with the can-type combustion chamber. The primary similarity lies in the structure of the mixing zone, because there is good reason to believe that the mixing zone in the can burner also is covered by a flow of fresh mixture for only a short distance. Hence, the successful correlation of stability limits for small slot-ratio burners, shown here, strongly suggests that the mechanism of governing importance for flame stabilization in can burners is the same as that for bluff-body flame stabilization.", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "8", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "944-956", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110124-110529826", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110124-110529826", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA", "grant_number": "NASw-6" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80590-4", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Broman, G. E. and Zukoski, E. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9ce8w-h8t66", "eprint_id": 21663, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:13:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Reichenbach-R", "name": { "family": "Reichenbach", "given": "R." } }, { "id": "Squires-D", "name": { "family": "Squires", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Flame propagation in liquid-fuel droplet arrays", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Combustion Institute Published by Elsevier Inc.\nAvailable online 5 May 2007. \n\n\nSupported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-1634 with the California Institute of Technology.\nThe authors are indebted to Dr. F. A. Williams for helpful discussions of preliminary experimental studies on the burning of droplet arrays.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "8", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "1068-1073", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-095214561", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-095214561", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-1634" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80602-8", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Reichenbach, R.; Squires, D.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dfqk8-mf992", "eprint_id": 21672, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:13:44", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Olfe-D", "name": { "family": "Olfe", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Radiant energy emission from the equilibrated reaction products of a upre ammonium perchlorate pellet", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1961 Combustion Institute Published by Elsevier Inc.\n\nAvailable online 5 May 2007. \nThis research was supported by the United States Air Force under Contract No. AF 49(638)-412 with Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Missiles and Space Division, Sunnyvale, California, and was monitored by the AF Office of Scientific\nResearch of the Air Research and Development Command. It was performed for Applied Mathematics, Research, at Lockheed during the summer of 1959. A more complete account of this study appears in the Lockheed reports LMSD-288169,\nSeptember 1959, and LMSD-288l69A, March 1960.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "8", "number": "1", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "293-303", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-115025686", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110110-115025686", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "United States Air Force", "grant_number": "AF 49(638)-412" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "LMSD-288169A", "name": "Lockheed report" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80515-1", "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Olfe, D. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cax5b-0rp43", "eprint_id": 21688, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:47", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:14:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Williams-F-A", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F. A." } } ] }, "title": "The Theory of Steady, One-dimensional, Laminar Flame Propagation for One-step Chemical Reactions", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961, Received February 10, 1961. Dedicated to Professor TH. VON K\u00c1RM\u00c1N on the occasion of his 80th birthday.\nSupported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army, under Contract DA 04-495-0rd-1634 with the California Institute of Technology. This paper was essentially completed in August 1960 when F. A. WILLIAMS spent a one-month leave at the California Institute of Technology.\nProfessor of Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A. Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Pierce Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.\n\nReprint - 117_Penner_SS_1961.pdf
", "abstract": "The Theory of Steady, One-dimensional, Laminar Flame Propagation for One-step Chemical Reactions. The present status of the theory of one-dimensional, steady, laminar flame propagation for one-step chemical reactions is reviewed with particular emphasis on methods of solution and on the physical processes that dominate observable results.", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Astronautica Acta", "volume": "7", "number": "2-3", "publisher": "Springer", "pagerange": "171-189", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-093335267", "issn": "0004-6205", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-093335267", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-1634" }, { "agency": "Caltech" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "117_Penner_SS_1961.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cax5b-0rp43/files/117_Penner_SS_1961.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Williams, F. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ye8w-6d597", "eprint_id": 22009, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:39:59", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:36:18", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "The role of combustion research in rocket propulsion", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1961. This paper has been prepared for presentation at the XIIth Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, Washington, D. C., October 1961. Combustion research at the California Institute of Technology has been supported by the U. S. Army Research Office-Durham under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-1634.\n\nReprint - 145_Penner_SS.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1961", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-094751496", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-094751496", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Research Office (ARO)", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-0rd-1634" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "145", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "145_Penner_SS.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2ye8w-6d597/files/145_Penner_SS.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1961", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3rstb-46x84", "eprint_id": 21604, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:34:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:32", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Jacobs-T-A", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "T. A." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion and flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Annual Reviews. The survey of literature pertaining to this review was concluded August 1959. Supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under Contract DA-04-495-Ord-1634 with the California Institute of Technology.", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Annual Review of Physical Chemistry", "volume": "11", "publisher": "Annual Reviews", "pagerange": "391-406", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-105940018", "issn": "0066-426X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-105940018", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-1634" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1146/annurev.pc.11.100160.002135", "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Jacobs, T. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ct1g8-5jh40", "eprint_id": 21602, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:31:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:10:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-T-A", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "T. A." } }, { "id": "Lapp-M", "name": { "family": "Lapp", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Guttman-A", "name": { "family": "Guttman", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Quantitavive spectroscopy", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 American Institute of Physics.\n\nPublished - PTO000070_1_.pdf
Reprint - 112_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics Today", "volume": "13", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "70-73", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-102637019", "issn": "0031-9228", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110105-102637019", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.3057053", "primary_object": { "basename": "112_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ct1g8-5jh40/files/112_Jacobs_TA_1960.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "PTO000070_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ct1g8-5jh40/files/PTO000070_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Jacobs, T. A.; Lapp, M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2j8c5-9rd18", "eprint_id": 21714, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:29:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:16:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Oscillator strengths of the ultraviolet \u03b3 bands of NO", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Optical Society of America.\nReceived November 25, 1959.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research. U. S. Navy.\n\nPublished - 405F23E3-B30F-06EB-188862B76138407C_52074_1_.pdf
Reprint - 109_Penner_SS_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "50", "number": "6", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "627-627", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-150128667", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-150128667", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "U. S. Navy" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.50.000627", "primary_object": { "basename": "109_Penner_SS_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2j8c5-9rd18/files/109_Penner_SS_1960.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "405F23E3-B30F-06EB-188862B76138407C_52074_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2j8c5-9rd18/files/405F23E3-B30F-06EB-188862B76138407C_52074_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j1mrz-hp872", "eprint_id": 21712, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:26:58", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Takeyama-H", "name": { "family": "Takeyama", "given": "H." } }, { "id": "Guttman-A", "name": { "family": "Guttman", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Emission of diffuse bands of sodium behind shock fronts", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 American Institute of Physics. Received 14 October 1959. Online Publication Date: 29 July 2004.\nSupported by the U.S. Air Force, Office for Advanced Studies, under Contract AF 18(603)-2. The authors are indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner for helpful discussions.\n\nPublished - 108_Takeyama_H_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960-02-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "32", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "634-635", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-143329050", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-143329050", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Air Force Office for Advanced Studies", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-2" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1730769", "primary_object": { "basename": "108_Takeyama_H_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j1mrz-hp872/files/108_Takeyama_H_1960.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Takeyama, H. and Guttman, A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1g531-rzp86", "eprint_id": 21711, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:26:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:15:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Radiant energy emission from excited harmonic oscillators", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 American Institute of Physics. Received October 14, 1959. Online Publication Date: 29 July 2004. Supported by the Office of Scientific Research, U.S. Air Force,\nunder Contract AF 18(603)-2.\n\nPublished - 107_Penner_SS_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960-02-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "32", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "617-618", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-142123659", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-142123659", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-2" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1730752", "primary_object": { "basename": "107_Penner_SS_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1g531-rzp86/files/107_Penner_SS_1960.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ysvmh-35v32", "eprint_id": 21731, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:26:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:16:47", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kerrebrock-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kerrebrock", "given": "Jack L." } } ] }, "title": "Similar solutions for boundary layers in constant-temperature magneto-gasdynamic channel flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences.\nReceived September 17, 1959.\n\nReprint - 106_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf
", "abstract": "One of the problems that must be faced in the development\nof plasma accelerators is the growth of boundary layers upon\nthe accelerator walls. The boundary-layer effects may be important\nnot only from a heat-transfer standpoint, but because of\nthe displacement effect on the main flow. For the steady-flow\naccelerator utilizing crossed electric and magnetic fields, such\nas that discussed by Resler and Sears, a very interesting situation\nmay develop upon the walls that are perpendicular to the\ncurrent flow. Since the wall must generally be cool, there is a\ntendency for the plasma conductivity near the wall to be lower\nthan that in the relatively hot free stream. Consequently, the\nJoule heating associated with the continuous current will be\nhighest in the neighborhood of the wall. This increased heating\nmay produce an abnormal thermal boundary layer and, quite\npossibly, a severe heat-transfer condition.", "date": "1960-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aerospace Sciences", "volume": "27", "number": "2", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "156-157", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-113100379", "issn": "1936-9999", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-113100379", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "106_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ysvmh-35v32/files/106_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Kerrebrock, Jack L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n62n4-4q295", "eprint_id": 21743, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:24:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kerrebrock-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kerrebrock", "given": "Jack L." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Constant-temperature magneto-gasdynamic channel flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received August 5, 1959.\n\nReprint - 105_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf
", "abstract": "In the course of investigating boundary-layer flow in continuous\nplasma accelerators with crossed electric and magnetic\nfields, it was found advantageous to have at hand simple\nclosed-form solutions for the magneto-gas dynamic flow in the\nduct which could serve as free-stream conditions for the boundary\nlayers. Nontrivial solutions of this sort are not available at\npresent. and in fact, as in the work of Resler and Sears, the\nvariation of conditions along the flow axis must be obtained\nthrough numerical integration.\nConsequently, some simple solutions of magneto-gasdynamic\nchannel flow were sought, possessing sufficient algebraic simplicity\nto serve as free-stream boundary conditions for analytic investigations\nof the boundary layer in a physically reasonable accelerator.\nIn particular, since the cooling of the accelerator tube is likely to\nbe an important physical problem because of the high gas temperatures\nrequired to provide sufficient gaseous conductivity,\nchannel flow with constant temperature appears interesting.\nSome simple algebraic solutions for the case of a constant temperature\nplasma are developed in the following paragraphs.", "date": "1960-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aerospace Sciences", "volume": "27", "number": "1", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "78-78", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-074847570", "issn": "1936-9999", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-074847570", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "105_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n62n4-4q295/files/105_Kerrebrock_JL_1959.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Kerrebrock, Jack L. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jf5mr-vn476", "eprint_id": 21697, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:23:31", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:43", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Brownlee-W-G", "name": { "family": "Brownlee", "given": "W. Grant" } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "An experimental investigation of unstable combustion in solid propellant rocket motors", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960, AIAA.\n\nAccepted Version - 122_Brownlee_WG_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "Unstable combustion in solid propellant rocket motors is\ncharacterized by high frequency chamber pressure oscillations, often accompanied by changes in the mean burning rate. Experiments with casebonded, cylindrically perforated motors using a polysulfide, ammoniumperchlorate\npropellant were reproducible as a result of careful manufacturing control and extended propellant curing time. In these motors the oscillations were in the fundamental standing tangential mode and were accompanied by increases in the average burning rate. At sufficiently high pressure levels all firings were stable. Reduction of the operating\nlevel led to mild instability. A sufficient further reduction produced a sudden change to maximum instability. Continued reduction in pressure level from this point resulted in a gradual decrease in the degree of\ninstability but it could not be experimentally verified that a low pressure stable region existed. The levels at which these events took place were frequency dependent and generally increased as the tangential frequency was reduced. At a given operating leve1, the instability\nbecame less severe when the grain length was reduced below a critical value. Increasing the length above the critical value did not affect the level at which the motors became stable. The pressure levels for stability and for maximum instability moved to lower values with decreases in the propellant grain temperature in a manner not entirely accounted for by the effect of grain temperature on burning rate. Stable, mildly unstable and severely unstable operation was observed throughout the range -80\u00b0F to\n180\u00b0F. The maximum instability decreased with grain temperature.", "date": "1960", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Academic Press", "place_of_pub": "New York", "pagerange": "455-494", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-110838368", "isbn": "9781600862571", "book_title": "Solid propellant rocket research : a selection of technical papers based mainly on a symposium of the American Rocket Society", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110111-110838368", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Summerfield-M", "name": { "family": "Summerfield", "given": "Martin" } } ] }, "doi": "10.2514/4.9781600862571", "primary_object": { "basename": "122_Brownlee_WG_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jf5mr-vn476/files/122_Brownlee_WG_1960.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Brownlee, W. Grant and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h9aeq-yav58", "eprint_id": 22012, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:23:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:36:27", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jacobs-T-A", "name": { "family": "Jacobs", "given": "T. A." } } ] }, "title": "Shock-tube measurements of the homogeneous rate of decomposition on NH_3 in NH_3-AR mixtures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1962. This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command, under Contract AF 18(603)-2. The author wishes to thank Professor S. S. Penner for the suggestion of this measurement and for his stimulating interest during the course of the work. The author is indebted to Dr. Norman Davidson for a discussion of this point.\n\nReprint - 124_Jacobs_TA_1962.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Combustion Institute", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-101842249", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-101842249", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research/Air Research and Development Command", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-2" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "124", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "124_Jacobs_TA_1962.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h9aeq-yav58/files/124_Jacobs_TA_1962.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Jacobs, T. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/72tj2-bjr78", "eprint_id": 21726, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:23:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:16:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Turcotte-D-L", "name": { "family": "Turcotte", "given": "Donald L." } } ] }, "title": "Stable combustion of a high-velocity gas in a heated boundary layer", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1960, by the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received June 29, 1959. Revised and received September 15,\n1959. This work represents a portion of the author's Ph.D. thesis in Aeronautics and Physics at the California Institute of Technology. The experimental work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory with the financial sponsorship of the Ordnance Corps, Department of the Army. The author wishes to express his gratitude to Prof. Frank E. Marble for his guidance and encouragement.\n\nReprint - 110_Turcotte_d_1960.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1960", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aerospace Sciences", "volume": "27", "number": "7", "publisher": "Institute of the Aerospace Sciences", "pagerange": "509-516", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-095904098", "issn": "0001-4966", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110112-095904098", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of the Army/Ordnance Corps" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "110_Turcotte_d_1960.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/72tj2-bjr78/files/110_Turcotte_d_1960.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1960", "author_list": "Turcotte, Donald L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xa0k1-yn661", "eprint_id": 9713, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 22:51:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-16 22:26:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Jahn-R-G", "name": { "family": "Jahn", "given": "Robert G." } }, { "id": "Grosse-F-A", "name": { "family": "Grosse", "given": "Fred A." } } ] }, "title": "Response of electrostatic probes to ionized gas flows in a shock tube", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1959 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived March 20, 1959. \nOnline Publication Date: 22 November 2004.\nExperiments performed at Lehigh University, supported in part by an Office of Naval Research contract.", "abstract": "In his excellent analysis of electrical measurements in shock tube flows, Hollyer(1) has demonstrated certain pitfalls in the application of conventional Langmuir probe techniques to the evaluation of charge densities in the moving stream of hot gas confined within the tube walls. The purpose of this note is to describe somewhat similar experiments which illustrate other eccentricities in probe behavior under these conditions.", "date": "1959-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Physics of Fluids", "volume": "2", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "469-470", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JAHpof59", "issn": "1070-6631", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JAHpof59", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1724420", "primary_object": { "basename": "JAHpof59.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xa0k1-yn661/files/JAHpof59.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Jahn, Robert G. and Grosse, Fred A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g9k4j-kw803", "eprint_id": 21746, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:18:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Oppenheim-Uri-Phillip", "name": { "family": "Oppenheim", "given": "U. P." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental verification of theoretical relations between total gas absorptivities and total gas emissivities for CO", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1959 American Institute of Physics. Received October 20, 1958. \nOnline Publication Date: 16 June 2004.\nThis work was supported by the United States Office of Naval Research under Contract No. Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401. The present study was suggested by Professor S. S. Penner, to whom I am indebted for many valuable discussions. The apparatus described in this report\nevolved from an earlier version constructed by Mr. D.\nWeber at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1954.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_30_803_1_.pdf
Reprint - 103_Oppenheim_UP_1959.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental study has been carried out for the purpose of verifying theoretical predictions concerning the relations between total absorptivities and total emissivities for transparent gases. The experimental conditions have been designed in such a way as to permit a direct check of theoretical relations derived for (a) nonoverlapping dispersion lines and (b) spectral lines with sufficient pressure broadening to permit neglect of the rotational fine structure. A comparison between the emissivities derived from absorptivity measurements and emissivities calculated from the spectroscopic constants of CO shows a good agreement (within 20% for most of the temperature range). The apparatus for the measurement of total gas absorptivities is described. Results for total absorptivities of carbon monoxide measured at temperatures between 300 and 500\u00b0K are given and total emissivities have been calculated in the temperature range of 300 to 1600\u00b0K. The range of total gas pressure is 0 to 515 psia.", "date": "1959-06-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "30", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "803-807", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-104239681", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-104239681", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1735244", "primary_object": { "basename": "103_Oppenheim_UP_1959.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g9k4j-kw803/files/103_Oppenheim_UP_1959.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_30_803_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g9k4j-kw803/files/JApplPhys_30_803_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Oppenheim, U. P." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hb0w0-wyp23", "eprint_id": 21876, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:15:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:27:55", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Nachbar-W", "name": { "family": "Nachbar", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Williams-F", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "The conservation equations for independent coexistent continua and for multicomponent reacting gas mixtures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1959 Brown University. Received December 13, 1957. This research was supported by the United States Air Force through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research of the Air Research and Development Command under Contract AF 18(603)-146.", "abstract": "The equations for conservation of mass, momentum, and energy are derived for a set of independent, coexistent continua obeying the laws of dynamics and thermodynamics. The idea of a control volume and a control surface for each continuum is used in the analysis. The derived results are practically identical with relations obtained previously by Th. von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n. A direct comparison is conducted between the continuum theory results and those obtained from kinetic theory by assuming that, for each of the species, the kinetic theory definitions apply. It is found that the new terms appearing in the conservation equations derived from continuum theory are precisely those which are required to make these equations identical with the results obtained from the kinetic theory of multicomponent, reacting gas mixtures. However, the continuum theory forms of the equations are not useful because they require knowledge of the transport properties for individual species in the mixture.", "date": "1959-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics", "volume": "17", "number": "1", "publisher": "Brown University", "pagerange": "43-54", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-094239088", "issn": "0033-569X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110125-094239088", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-146" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Nachbar, W.; Williams, F.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bn4bz-mra31", "eprint_id": 21742, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:13:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Olfe-D", "name": { "family": "Olfe", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Relation between gas absorptivities and emissivities", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1959 American Institute of Physics. Received 20 June 1958. \nOnline Publication Date: 16 June 2004.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research, U. S. Navy, under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_30_125_1_.pdf
Reprint - 98_Olfe_D_1959.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1959-01-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "30", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "125-125", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-073257572", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-073257572", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1734963", "primary_object": { "basename": "98_Olfe_D_1959.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bn4bz-mra31/files/98_Olfe_D_1959.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_30_125_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/bn4bz-mra31/files/JApplPhys_30_125_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Olfe, D. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n0ers-2n423", "eprint_id": 22014, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:11:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:36:38", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kerrebrock-J-L", "name": { "family": "Kerrebrock", "given": "Jack L." } } ] }, "title": "Diffusion in neutral and ionized gases with extreme pressure gradients", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1959.\n\nPublished - 101_Kerrebrock_JL.pdf
", "abstract": "Diffusion in vortex flows is considered as a simple case of the more general problem of diffusion in flows with large pressure gradients normal to the principal flow direction. Two examples are considered. In the first the two gases are assumed electrically neutral, and pressure and concentration\ndiffusion are equally important. In the second, diffusion of the electrons of an ionized gas is studied. Diffusion due to electromagnetic body forces is of equal importance with pres sure diffusion in this case, while concentration\ndiffusion is negligible. It is found in the first example that the ratio of the radial mass flow of one species to the total radial mass flow is a characteristic value of the\ndiffusion equation. The rates of diffusion are such that significant separation of the isotopes of uranium should be possible in vortices with supersonic tangential velocities.\nThe radial pressure gradient leads to a radial electric field in the second example. A solution is obtained for the case of zero currents. By means of a perturbation technique, the solution is then extended to the case\nof small currents and induced fields.", "date": "1959", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Stanford University Press", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-103536323", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-103536323", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "161", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "101_Kerrebrock_JL.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n0ers-2n423/files/101_Kerrebrock_JL.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Kerrebrock, Jack L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4g24m-r8y61", "eprint_id": 21844, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:11:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:25:50", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Williams-F-A", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F. A." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Gill-G", "name": { "family": "Gill", "given": "G." } }, { "id": "Eckel-E-F", "name": { "family": "Eckel", "given": "E. F." } } ] }, "title": "Heterogeneous burning in a diverging reactor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1959 Published by Elsevier Inc. Received October 1958. Available online 8 August 2003. The experimental studies described in this paper were carried out at Rocketdyne. The theoretical investigations were performed at the Gruen Applied Science Laboratories and were sponsored by Rocketdyne. The work was supported by the United States Air Force.", "abstract": "Experimentally determined pressure profiles in a diverging reactor have been used to estimate effective mean drop diameters and size distributions at the injector end. The available results may be correlated in terms of two simplified models using (a) a uniform mean drop size for the spray and (b) a generalized size distribution of the Rosin-Rammler type. Mean drop sizes of the order of 5 to 10 microns, and effective overall reaction orders between \u2153 and 2 are obtained if the phenomenological burning rate law familiar from single droplet studies is used for heterogeneous burning in bipropellant LOX-RP1 mixtures.", "date": "1959", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "3", "number": "3", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "355-371", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-094732263", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-094732263", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "United States Air Force" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(59)90038-0", "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Williams, F. A.; Penner, S. S.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5w39c-k8w79", "eprint_id": 21857, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:11:35", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:26:32", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Olfe-D", "name": { "family": "Olfe", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Thompson-A", "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Relations between molecular gas absoptivities and emissivities", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, U. S. Navy, under Contract Nonr-220(03),NR 015 401.\n\nPublished - 99_Penner_SS.pdf
", "abstract": "Theoretical expressions have been derived for the relations\nbetween gas absorptivities and emissivities for\nthe limit of zero optical depth and for the following\nmodels of vibration-rotation bands: bands with constant\naverage absorption coefficients and well-defined widths;\njust-overlapping spectral lines; non-overlapping dispersion\nlines with constant collision half-width and either\nregular line spacing or with lines of equal intensity;\nrandomly distributed spectral lines with dispersion contom;\nnon-overlapping Doppler lines with either regular\nline spacing or with lines of equal intensity; randomly\ndistributed Doppler lines for a special {unrealistic} assumption\nrelating to the temperature dependence of the\neffective mean line spacing; non-overlapping spectral\nlines with combined Doppler and collision broadening,\nconstant collision half-width and either regular line\nspacing or with lines of equal intensity. The theoretical\nformulae have been shown to provide a good correlation\nfor the available experimental data on CO_2, H_2O and CO.", "date": "1959", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "American Society of Mechanical Engineers", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110124-084010424", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110124-084010424", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "99", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "99_Penner_SS.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5w39c-k8w79/files/99_Penner_SS.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1959", "author_list": "Penner, S. S.; Olfe, D.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nzz30-2ft86", "eprint_id": 21753, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:09:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:49", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Williams-F-A", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F. A." } } ] }, "title": "Elementary derivation of the multicomponent diffusion equation", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1958 American Association of Physics Teachers. \nReceived February 13, 1958. Online Jul 2005.\nSupported in part by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under Contract DA-04-495-Ord-446.\n\nPublished - AJP000467_1_.pdf
Reprint - 97_Williams_FA_1958.pdf
", "abstract": "It is demonstrated that the multicomponent diffusion equation can be derived from elementary kinetic-theory considerations without employing the results of the mathematical theory of nonuniform gases. By using the approach described by Furry, elementary expressions for the binary diffusion coefficients are also obtained. The advantage of the concept of the equivalence of partial pressure gradients and momentum gradients is thereby emphasized.", "date": "1958-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "American Journal of Physics", "volume": "26", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Association of Physics Teachers", "pagerange": "467-469", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-131911310", "issn": "0002-9505", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-131911310", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1119/1.1934643", "primary_object": { "basename": "97_Williams_FA_1958.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nzz30-2ft86/files/97_Williams_FA_1958.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "AJP000467_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/nzz30-2ft86/files/AJP000467_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1958", "author_list": "Williams, F. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/91ng2-fx169", "eprint_id": 21754, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:05:36", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:51", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dyne-P-J", "name": { "family": "Dyne", "given": "P. J." } } ] }, "title": "Uncertainties in the measurement of the oscillator strength of the ultraviolet bands of OH", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1958 American Institute of Physics. Received February 6, 1958. Online Publication Date: 13 August 2004. Financial support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR-015 210, and by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center. The experimental work was carried out in the Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry.\n\nPublished - 96_Dyne_PJ_1958_1_.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1958-05-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "28", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "999-1000", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-133050026", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-133050026", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR-015 210" }, { "agency": "Daniel and Florence Guggenheim JPL Center" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1744333", "primary_object": { "basename": "96_Dyne_PJ_1958_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/91ng2-fx169/files/96_Dyne_PJ_1958_1_.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1958", "author_list": "Dyne, P. J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/thxrc-z0c37", "eprint_id": 21748, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:05:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:35", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Williams-F-A", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F. A." } } ] }, "title": "The conservation equations for multicomponent gas mixtures in arbitrary coordinate systems", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1958 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received February 14, 1958.\n\nReprint - 95_Williams_FA_1958.pdf
", "abstract": "The conservation equations for multicomponent reacting\ngas mixtures are generally given only in Cartesian or orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems. Actually, the conservation equations are easily expressed in an arbitrary coordinate system. We present the general equations in tensor notation and then indicate the simplifications which arise for orthogonal curvilinear coordinates.", "date": "1958-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "25", "number": "5", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "343-343", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-111427872", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-111427872", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "95_Williams_FA_1958.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/thxrc-z0c37/files/95_Williams_FA_1958.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1958", "author_list": "Williams, F. A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w16vx-w4n63", "eprint_id": 21762, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 03:00:03", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Williams-F", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F." } }, { "id": "Fuhs-A-E", "name": { "family": "Fuhs", "given": "A. E." } } ] }, "title": "Apparent emission intensities from a turbulent flame composed of wrinkled laminar flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 American Rocket Society. Received June 28, 1957. Supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under Contract DA-04-495-Ord-446. The authors are indebted to S. S. Penner for suggesting this investigation and for helpful discussions.\n\nReprint - 93_Williams_F_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "There has recently been some discussion on the use of\nthe model of a wrinkled laminar flame for an approximate\ndescription of turbulent flame structure. In particular,\nSummerfield has claimed that some of his observations contradict theoretical predictions based on the use of this\nmodel. 4 It is the purpose of the following discussion to clarify 150me of the consequences of the wrinkled laminar flame model.", "date": "1957-10", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "27", "number": "10", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "1099-1101", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-103237722", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-103237722", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "93", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "93_Williams_F_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/w16vx-w4n63/files/93_Williams_F_1957.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Williams, F. and Fuhs, A. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5qkza-n2b81", "eprint_id": 21786, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:57:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Fuhs-A-E", "name": { "family": "Fuhs", "given": "A. E." } } ] }, "title": "On generalized scaling procedures for liquid-fuel rocket engines", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1956 Elsevier. Received October 1956. Available online 8 August 2003. The work described in this paper was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office for Advanced Study, under\nContract AF 18(603)-107 with the American Machine and Foundry Co. and Jet Propulsion Research. Inc.", "abstract": "The scaling procedures of Penner and Tsien, of Crocco and of Barr\u00e8re have been generalized by using the assumption that the mean drop size is proportional to the product of powers of the Weber number and the Reynolds number, together with the hypothesis that the total conversion time varies as a power (usually the second) of the drop diameter. The results obtained for the steady aero thermochemistry and for unstable motor operation (low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations) are\nshown to reduce to previously published rules when suitable simplifying assumptions are made.", "date": "1957-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Combustion and Flame", "volume": "1", "number": "2", "publisher": "Elsevier", "pagerange": "229-240", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-105514911", "issn": "0010-2180", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-105514911", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Air Force Office for Advanced Study", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-107" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "90", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/0010-2180(57)90049-4", "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Fuhs, A. E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2dzv5-70m78", "eprint_id": 21987, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:57:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:34:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Williams-F", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F." } } ] }, "title": "Recent studies on flame stabilization of premixed turbulent gases", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957. \"Letters to the Editor\" and \"Books Received for Review\" appear after the reviews. Supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under contract DA-04-495-0rd-446.\n\nPublished - 89_Penner_SS_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "FLAME stabilization is of importance in the practical design\nof ramjets and afterburners. It has been studied\nextensively in recent years, particularly with reference to\nbluff-body flame-holders. In the present survey we describe\nthe investigations relating to flame holding by bluff bodies as well as new techniques (e.g.,. flame holding by the use of reverse jets) which may prove to be of practical importance in new engine configurations. In Section II we consider the flow field downstream of a bluff-body flame-holder which includes the recirculation zone behind the body and a region of flame spreading farther downstream.\nExplicit reference is made to crucial experiments which illustrate the nature and magnitude of the velocity field, the physical extent, the temperature, and the gas composition of the recirculation zone. Experimental studies and theoretical predictions of the angle of flame spreading, as well as some observations on unstable flow and the onset of blowoff, will be reviewed.\nThe variation of blowoff velocity with flame-holder design,\npressure, and mixture composition is considered briefly in\nSection III both for single and for adjacent bluff bodies. Also included is a summary of results for blowoff velocities obtained with a reverse-jet flame-holder and with wall recesses. Theoretical studies on the mechanism of flame stabilization form the subject of Section IV. We shall indicate the points on which various proposed models agree and disagree with experiment and attempt to formulate a composite description which is consistent with most of the currently available experimental data both for bluff-body and for reverse-jet flameholders.", "date": "1957-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Applied Mechanics Reviews", "volume": "10", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Society of Mechanical Engineers", "pagerange": "229-237", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-143842451", "issn": "0003-6900", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110203-143842451", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Army, Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-0rd-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "89", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "contributors": { "items": [ { "id": "Martin-G", "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Goland" } } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "89_Penner_SS_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2dzv5-70m78/files/89_Penner_SS_1957.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Williams, F." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m7mn0-16r64", "eprint_id": 21757, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:57:05", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Thomson-A", "name": { "family": "Thomson", "given": "A." } } ] }, "title": "Infrared emissivities and absorptivities of gases", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 American Institute of Physics. Received September 18, 1956. \nOnline Publication Date: 17 May 2004.\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under\nContract Nonr-220(03), NR 015401.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_28_614_1_.pdf
", "abstract": "Approximate analytic expressions are obtained for the \"effective band widths\" and emissivities of diatomic molecules at elevated pressures. The absorptivities of molecular vibration\u2010rotation bands are evaluated for radiation emitted by similar molecular vibration\u2010rotation bands and for radiation emitted by blackbodies. The results obtained for the absorptivity calculations compare favorably with available empirical correlations for H_2O. The postulated model does not apply to CO_2 and, therefore, no satisfactory theoretical formula has been derived for the absorptivities of this molecule. The appendix (by A. Thomson) is devoted to a critical examination of the limits of validity of the effective band\u2010width concept for different molecules.", "date": "1957-05-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "28", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "614-623", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-141408696", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-141408696", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "87", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1722813", "primary_object": { "basename": "JApplPhys_28_614_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/m7mn0-16r64/files/JApplPhys_28_614_1_.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Thomson, A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49byp-99k02", "eprint_id": 21758, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:56:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Williams-F", "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "F." } } ] }, "title": "On excess enthalpy, flame extinction and minimum ignition energies", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 American Rocket Society. Received March 4, 1957. Supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army, under Contract DA-04-495-Ord-446. Further details concerning the work described in this paper may be found in Technical Report 17, Contract DA-04-495-Ord-446, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 1957.\n\nReprint - 88_Penner_SS_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1957-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "27", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "544-545", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-144556140", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-144556140", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "88", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "88_Penner_SS_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49byp-99k02/files/88_Penner_SS_1957.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Williams, F." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9gh6-kxe97", "eprint_id": 21756, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:56:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Weber-D", "name": { "family": "Weber", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Absolute intensities for the ultraviolet \u03b3 bands of NO", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 American Institute of Physics. Received 21 June 1956. \n\nOnline Publication Date: 6 October 2004.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_26_860_1_.pdf
Reprint - 86_Weber_D_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "Absolute intensities have been measured for three of the ultraviolet \u03b3 bands of NO. The corresponding electronic absorption oscillator strength is estimated to be 0.0024\u00b10.0004.", "date": "1957-04-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "26", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "860-861", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-140209278", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-140209278", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "86", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1743421", "primary_object": { "basename": "JChemPhys_26_860_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9gh6-kxe97/files/JChemPhys_26_860_1_.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "86_Weber_D_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9gh6-kxe97/files/86_Weber_D_1957.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Weber, D. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vbn4g-5r323", "eprint_id": 21755, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:53:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:17:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On the development of rational scaling procedures for liquid-fuel rocket engines", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957 American Rocket Society. Presented at the ARS Fall Meeting, Buffalo, N. Y., Sept. 24-26, 1956. The work described in this paper was supported by the U. S.\nAir Force, Office for Advanced Study, under Contract AF\n18(603)-107 with the American Machine and Foundry Company\nand Jet Propulsion Research, Inc.\n\nReprint - 84_Penner_SS_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "A critical summary is presented of recent theoretical\nstudies concerning similarity analysis and the scaling of\nliquid-fuel rocket engines. On the basis of this work,\nsome suggestions are offered for an experimental program\nwhich has as its objective the development of rational\nscaling procedures.", "date": "1957-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "27", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "156-168", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-134244485", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-134244485", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Air Force Office for Advanced Study", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-107" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "84", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "84_Penner_SS_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vbn4g-5r323/files/84_Penner_SS_1957.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h4mpt-saw80", "eprint_id": 21760, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:51:29", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:47", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dooley-D-A", "name": { "family": "Dooley", "given": "Donald A." } } ] }, "title": "Ignition in the laminar boundary layer of a heated plate", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1957 Stanford University Press.\n\nThe author wishes to express his deep gratitude to Professor Frank E. Marble for his guidance and encouragement throughout the course of this work. Enlightening discussions with Dr. T. C. Adamson, Jr., during the early phases of this work and with Dr. Edward E. Zukoski during the later phases of the work are also greatly appreciated. \n\nA more detailed version of this analysis as well as additional applications of boundary layer assumptions to aerothermochemical problems is presented in the author's PhD thesis: Combustion in Laminar Mixing Regions and Boundary Layers, Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California (1956).", "abstract": "The present analysis considers ignition and combustion in the laminar boundary layer of a constant temperature, semi-infinite flat plate. A one step unopposed \"global\" reaction following any order reaction kinetics with temperature dependence according to the Arrhenius rate law is assumed. For the case where the Prandtl and Schmidt numbers are equal, the determination of a similarity function relating the species concentrations to the local temperature greatly simplifies the analysis. The similarity function is shown to be equal to the dimensionless streamwise velocity when the Prandtl and Schmidt numbers are both equal to unity. A general analytic solution for the N'th approximation to the temperature and concentration profiles in the reacting laminar boundary layer is obtained. For all values of plate temperature and free stream velocity, it is\nfound that for some finite distance downstream of the leading edge the plate\nacts as a heat source; at all points downstream of this characteristic length,\nhowever, the plate acts as a heat sink. This characteristic length is closely\nrelated to the \"flame attachment distance\" and is indicative of the minimum\nplate length required to stabilize a laminar deflagration flame. Although the\ncharacteristic length is always finite, it is found that for plate temperatures\nbelow a critical threshold band, this length increases so enormously that\nname attachment cannot occur on physical apparatus of reasonable finite\ndimension.\nInasmuch as the classical boundary layer assumptions are invalidated\nin the immediate region of flame attachment, the complete development of\nthe laminar flame front cannot be obtained within the framework of the present\nboundary layer type analysis.", "date": "1957", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Stanford University Press", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-152309073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110113-152309073", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Dooley, Donald A." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xemjt-3p211", "eprint_id": 22018, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:51:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:36:51", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rannie-W-D", "name": { "family": "Rannie", "given": "W. Duncan" } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Unsteady flows in axial turbomachines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1957. This work was performed in part with financial sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, Contract\nNonr 220(23), NR 097-001 and in part with financial sponsorship of the Office of Scientific Research,\nU.S. Airforce, Contract AF 18(600)-1728.\n\nPublished - 94_Rannie_WD_1957.pdf
", "abstract": "Of the various unsteady flows that occur in axial turbomachines certain asymmetric disturbances, of wave length large in comparison with blade spacing, have become understood to a certain extent. These disturbances divide themselves into two categories: self-induced oscillations and forced disturbances. A special type of propagating stall appears as a self-induced disturbance; an asymmetric velocity profile introduced at the compressor inlet\nconstitutes a forced disturbance. \nBoth phenomena have been treated from a unified theoretical point of view in which the asymmetric disturbances are linearized and the blade characteristics are assumed quasi-steady. Experimental results are in essential agreement with this theory wherever the limitations of the theory are satisfied. For the self-induced disturbances and the more interesting examples of the forced disturbances, the dominant blade characteristic is the dependence of total pressure loss, rather than the turning angle, upon the local blade inlet angle.", "date": "1957", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Caltech Library", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-111252490", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110204-111252490", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr 220(23)" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "NR 097-00" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 18(600)-1728" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "94_Rannie_WD_1957.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xemjt-3p211/files/94_Rannie_WD_1957.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1957", "author_list": "Rannie, W. Duncan and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/98nnc-fx702", "eprint_id": 21779, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:50:17", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:02", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hooker-W", "name": { "family": "Hooker", "given": "W." } }, { "id": "Lapp-M", "name": { "family": "Lapp", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Weber-D", "name": { "family": "Weber", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Multiple-path technique for the determination of physico-chemical data behind shock fronts", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Institute of Physics. Received August 27, 1956. \n\nOnline Publication Date: 6 October 2004.\nThe work on chemical reactions is supported by the U.S. Air Force, Office for Advanced Studies, under Contract AF 18 (603)-2; the gas emissivity measurements are being performed with support from the U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research, under Contract Nonr 220(03), NR 015 401.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_25_1087_1_.pdf
Reprint - 83_Hooker_W_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1956-11-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "25", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1087-1087", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-101201095", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-101201095", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office for Advanced Studies", "grant_number": "AF 18(603)-2" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr 220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "83", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1743123", "primary_object": { "basename": "83_Hooker_W_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/98nnc-fx702/files/83_Hooker_W_1956.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_25_1087_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/98nnc-fx702/files/JChemPhys_25_1087_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Hooker, W.; Lapp, M.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qk94p-h2c74", "eprint_id": 21777, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:48:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kanevsky-J", "name": { "family": "Kanevsky", "given": "J." } } ] }, "title": "Interference during burning in air for nine stationary fuel droplets arranged in a body-centered cubic lattice", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. Received June 15, 1956. Supported by the U. S. Office of Ordnance Research under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-446. Details concerning this work may be found in a thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the California Institute of Technology by J. Kanevsky, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June 1956. \nThe author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner, under whose direction the present\ninvestigations were carried out, for helpful suggestions.\n\nReprint - 81_Kanevsky_j_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1956-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "9", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "788-788", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-095615981", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-095615981", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "6351052", "name": "OSTI ID" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "81_Kanevsky_j_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qk94p-h2c74/files/81_Kanevsky_j_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Kanevsky, J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d1r5a-anb69", "eprint_id": 21776, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:47:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "Hsue-Shen" } } ] }, "title": "Thermonuclear power plants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. Received Oct. 24, 1955.\n\nReprint - 80_Tsien_HS_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "Some of the unique features of thermonuclear power\nplants and the essential problems in the technical design\nof such plants are discussed in this paper. The thermonuclear reaction rate for the fusion of deuterium is calculated on the basis of a similar analysis published by Gamow and Teller. The pressure, temperature, and minimum\ndimensions of the necessary reaction chamber are determined\nlargely by consideration of reaction quenching and energy loss near the walls. Results are presented for the power output and the efficiency of a power station utilizing\nthe deuterium fusion reaction. The comment by\nGreenstein that follows this paper deals particularly with\nthe difficult problem of calculating the reaction quenching\nand energy loss rates at the walls.", "date": "1956-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "559-564", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-092852136", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-092852136", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "80", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "80_Tsien_HS_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d1r5a-anb69/files/80_Tsien_HS_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Tsien, Hsue-Shen" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ypgng-3z880", "eprint_id": 21770, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:46:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Harshbarger-F", "name": { "family": "Harshbarger", "given": "F." } } ] }, "title": "Simultaneous light-absorption and emission measurements behind a shock wave", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Institute of Physics. Received 4 April 1956. \nOnline Publication Date: 7 October 2004.\nWork supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015401 and by the U. S. Air Force Office for Scientific Research under Contract AF 18 (603)-2. The author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner for helpful discussions.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_24_1261_1_.pdf
Reprint - 78_Harshbarger_F_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1956-06-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "24", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1261-1261", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-083257648", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-083257648", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015401" }, { "agency": "Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR)", "grant_number": "AF 18 (603)-2" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "78", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1742766", "primary_object": { "basename": "78_Harshbarger_F_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ypgng-3z880/files/78_Harshbarger_F_1956.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_24_1261_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ypgng-3z880/files/JChemPhys_24_1261_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Harshbarger, F." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1gmz-brp53", "eprint_id": 21763, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:46:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:14", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rogers-D-E", "name": { "family": "Rogers", "given": "Don E." } }, { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "A mechanism for high-frequency oscillation in ramjet combustors and afterburners", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. Received Sept. 15, 1955.\n\nReprint - 68_Rogers_DE_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "An experimental investigation was made of the behavior\nof a small two-dimensional combustion chamber, burning\na uniform mixture of air and fuel vapor under conditions\nof high-frequency oscillation or screech. Measurements\nwere made of the limits of stable screech, the amplitude\nand frequency of pressure oscillations over a wide range of\nmixture ratio, inlet air temperature, and combustor flow\nrate. Spark schlieren photographs and high-speed motion pictures taken of the combustion process showed, in\nagreement with other investigations, that the high-frequency\noscillation is accompanied by vortices shed periodically from the flameholder lip with the same frequency as the oscillation. The following mechanism of exciting the oscillations is suggested. A mode of transverse\noscillation is excited as the result of periodic transport\nof combustible material, associated with the vortices,\ninto the hot wake of the flameholder. The vortices, in\nturn, are generated at the flameholder lips by the fluctuating transverse velocity. When the ignition time delay lies in the proper range, the phase relationship between oscillations in transverse velocity and combustion intensity is such that the oscillation is amplified.", "date": "1956-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "456-462", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-111632665", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-111632665", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "68_Rogers_DE_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q1gmz-brp53/files/68_Rogers_DE_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Rogers, Don E. and Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xtrak-bb707", "eprint_id": 21771, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:46:42", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Serdengecti-S", "name": { "family": "Serdengecti", "given": "Sedat" } } ] }, "title": "Optimalizing control in the presence of noise interference", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. Received July 24, 1955. This paper is based on part of a thesis submitted by the author for partial fulfillment of the requirements of Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering, California Institute of Technology.\n\nReprint - 79_Serdengecti_S_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "The performance of a modified peak-holding optimalizing\ncontrol system depends in part on the ability of the\ncontroller to detect the input signal frequency component\nin the output of the controlled system. This paper describes\nseveral techniques that may be used for detecting this component and analyzes one of them in great detail.\nThe subject of the detailed analysis is the method of filtering through cross-correlation. A statistical analysis is also carried out in order to demonstrate the efficiency of this method.", "date": "1956-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "465-473", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-084749497", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-084749497", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "79", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "79_Serdengecti_S_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xtrak-bb707/files/79_Serdengecti_S_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Serdengecti, Sedat" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/900ap-2vf91", "eprint_id": 21768, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:44:27", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:28", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Flame theory and combustion technology", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences.\n\nReprint - 76_Marble_FE_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "The study of combustion processes is in a sufficiently early\nstage so that there is no strong connection between combustion theory and the technology of combustion chamber development. To clarify such a connection is the principal task of workers engaged in establishing combustion as an engineering science. The equations of aerothermochemistry are reviewed for the case in which temperature and composition gradients are small. Solutions have been obtained in very few cases and under very restrictive circumstances; most detailed considerations are restricted\nto the plane laminar flame front. The current situation\nin the theory of plane laminar flames is discussed. The few extensions that have been made to two-dimensional problems are then described. Several directions of work which would assist in establishing theoretical results approaching technological requirements appear possible.", "date": "1956-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "23", "number": "5", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "462-468", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-074645504", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-074645504", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "76", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "76_Marble_FE_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/900ap-2vf91/files/76_Marble_FE_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hs9n-qng25", "eprint_id": 21769, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:44:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:30", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rannie-W-D", "name": { "family": "Rannie", "given": "W. D." } } ] }, "title": "Heat transfer in turbulent shear flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences.\n\nReprint - 77_Rannie_WD_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "The problems of heat transfer in turbulent shear flow along a\nsmooth wall are discussed from the point of view of von Karman's\nwell-known 1939 paper on the analogy between fluid friction and\nheat transfer. Methods for extending the analysis to higher\nPrandtl Numbers are suggested.", "date": "1956-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "23", "number": "5", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "485-489", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-081648471", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-081648471", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "77", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "77_Rannie_WD_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hs9n-qng25/files/77_Rannie_WD_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Rannie, W. D." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5z02n-q0483", "eprint_id": 21765, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:43:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:20", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldsmith-M", "name": { "family": "Goldsmith", "given": "M." } } ] }, "title": "Experiments on the burning of single drops of fuel", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. \n\nPresented at the ARS Fall Meeting, Los Angeles, Calif., Sept.\n18-21, 1955.\nSupported by the O.O.R under Contract DA04-495-Ord-446, Dept. of the Army Project No.5 99-01-004, Ordnance Research and Development Project No. TB 2-001, O.O.R Project No. 834. Abstracted from a thesis submitted by the author to the Graduate School of the California Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of\nPhilosophy, June 1955. The author is happy to express his appreciation to Dr. S. S. Penner for helpful discussions.\n\nReprint - 73_Goldsmith_M_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "Experiments have been performed in order to measure\nthe mass rate of consumption of single drops of liquid fuel\nsuspended on a quartz filament and burning under various\nambient conditions. The influence of increased oxidizer\nconcentration, increased pressure, and elevated temperature\nin the surrounding atmosphere on mass burning rate has been studied. Comparison is made with theoretical calculations based on the concept of a heterogeneous diffusion flame, with burning rate controlled by heat and mass transfer. The influence of forced convection on burning rate and extinction of burning has also been investigated.", "date": "1956-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "172-178", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-135926585", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-135926585", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA04-495-Ord-446" }, { "agency": "Dept. of the Army", "grant_number": "599-01-004" }, { "agency": "Ordnance Research and Development", "grant_number": "TB 2-001" }, { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "No.834" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "73", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "73_Goldsmith_M_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5z02n-q0483/files/73_Goldsmith_M_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Goldsmith, M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9efw1-2n189", "eprint_id": 21766, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:43:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rex-J-F", "name": { "family": "Rex", "given": "J. F." } }, { "id": "Fuhs-A-E", "name": { "family": "Fuhs", "given": "A. E." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Interference effects during burning in air for stationary n-heptane, ethyl alcohol, and methyl alcohol droplets", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Rocket Society. \n\nPresented at the ARS Fall Meeting, Los Angeles, Calif.,\nSept. 18-21, 1955.\n\nSupported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army,\nunder Contract DA 04-495-Ord-446. The authors are indebted\nto Mr. D. Weber for help with the experimental work and to Mr. D. East for assistance with computations and film reading.\n\nReprint - 74_Rex_JF_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "Experiments have been conducted for the determination\nof the evaporation constant and flame shapes of two and\nof five closely spaced droplets burning in air. Droplets of\napproximately the same and of different diameters were\nused at various distances between the droplet centers.\nThe apparent flame shape, which was observed only for n-heptane droplets, changes very little during burning.\nThe square of the droplet diameter decreases linearly with\ntime for fixed spacing between droplet centers, at least\nwithin the experimental limits of accuracy. In general,\nthe average evaporation constant for two droplets, K',\nmust be assumed either to vary continuously during burning\nor else to be a function of average initial drop diameter,\nD^0. The change of K' with time corresponds to the second\nderivative in plots of the square of the diameter vs. time.\nThese second derivatives are not defined in our work because\nof unavoidable scatter of the experimental data. Attempts at understanding the observed results by considering\npublished theories for single droplets, as well as groupings obtained from dimensional analysis, have been\nunsuccessful. It appears that the diffusion model for\nthe heterogeneous burning of single fuel droplets will require serious revision and extension before the burning of\ndroplets arrays and sprays can be understood quantitatively.\nFurthermore, the effective value of K' for a spray\nprobably depends not only on the fuel-oxidizer system but\nalso on the injection pattern. For this reason additional\nstudies had best be carried out under conditions corresponding to those existing in service models.", "date": "1956-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "26", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "179-187", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-142438756", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-142438756", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U.S. Army Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "74", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "74_Rex_JF_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9efw1-2n189/files/74_Rex_JF_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Rex, J. F.; Fuhs, A. E.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/srrhr-7g406", "eprint_id": 21764, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:43:01", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:17", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Aroeste-H", "name": { "family": "Aroeste", "given": "Henry" } }, { "id": "Benton-W-C", "name": { "family": "Benton", "given": "William C." } } ] }, "title": "Emissitivity of hydrogen atoms at high temperature", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Institute of Physics. Received August 12, 1955. \nOnline Publication Date: 14 May 2004.\n\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401. Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government. Previous publications of this series have been concerned with emissivity calculations on diatomic and polyatomic molecules [see S. S. Penner, J. Appl. Phys. 25, 660 (1954) and earlier papers]. This article uses, in part, the results of a thesis submitted by William C. Benton, Major, U. S. Marine Corps, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer,\nCalifornia Institute of Technology, June, 1955.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf
Reprint - 72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "A method is described for making estimates of the total emissivity of hydrogen in the temperature and pressure ranges where hydrogen atoms predominate under equilibrium conditions. For a typical geometrical depth of 50 cm, and temperatures of the order of 12 500\u00baK and higher, with pressures of the order of 100 atmos and higher, the emissivity approaches unity (\u0454 \u2273 0.95), while for temperatures of the order of 9500\u00baK and lower, with pressures of the order of 10 atmos and lower, the emissivity approaches zero (\u0454 \u227e 0.05). The variations of the emissivity between these approximate limits are shown graphically as functions of temperature and pressure with the geometrical depth set at 50 cm. The variation of the emissivity with geometrical depth is also shown graphically at 12 600\u00baK and 20 atmos.", "date": "1956-02-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "27", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "117-121", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-132802630", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110114-132802630", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1722319", "primary_object": { "basename": "72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/srrhr-7g406/files/72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/srrhr-7g406/files/JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Aroeste, Henry and Benton, William C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q2ewq-jej77", "eprint_id": 21893, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:43:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:28:50", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Aroeste-H", "name": { "family": "Aroeste", "given": "Henry" } }, { "id": "Benton-W-C", "name": { "family": "Benton", "given": "William C." } } ] }, "title": "Emissivity of hydrogen atoms at high temperatures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 American Institute of Physics. Received August 12, 1955. \nOnline Publication Date: 14 May 2004.\nThis article uses, in part, the results of a thesis submitted by\nWilliam C. Benton, Major, U. S. Marine Corps, in partial fulfillment\nof requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer,\nCalifornia Institute of Technology, June, 1955.\n\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf
Reprint - 72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "A method is described for making estimates of the total emissivity of hydrogen in the temperature and pressure ranges where hydrogen atoms predominate under equilibrium conditions. For a typical geometrical depth of 50 cm, and temperatures of the order of 12 500\u00baK and higher, with pressures of the order of 100 atmos and higher, the emissivity approaches unity (\u0454\u22730.95), while for temperatures of the order of 9500\u00baK and lower, with pressures of the order of 10 atmos and lower, the emissivity approaches zero (\u0454\u227e0.05). The variations of the emissivity between these approximate limits are shown graphically as functions of temperature and pressure with the geometrical depth set at 50 cm. The variation of the emissivity with geometrical depth is also shown graphically at 12 600\u00baK and 20 atmos.", "date": "1956-02-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "27", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "117-121", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-072952200", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110126-072952200", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "72", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1722319", "primary_object": { "basename": "72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q2ewq-jej77/files/72_Aroeste_H_1956.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q2ewq-jej77/files/JApplPhys_27_117_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Aroeste, Henry and Benton, William C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tez0k-c6590", "eprint_id": 21767, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:41:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:18:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Loos-H-G", "name": { "family": "Loos", "given": "H. G." } } ] }, "title": "Compressibility effects on secondary flows", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1956 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received November 4, 1954. This work was carried out under the sponsorship of the Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command, and represents a portion of an investigation into secondary flow in axial compressors, performed at The Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, California Institute of Technology.\n\nReprint - 75_Loos_HG_1956.pdf
", "abstract": "The method of W. R. Hawthorne for the calculation of the\nsecondary vorticity is generalized for compressible flow. It is\nshown that in the linearized theory (small vorticity) the influence\nof compressibility upon the secondary vorticity is due to (1) the\nentropy gradient in the approaching flow and (2) the compression\nof the fluid during the turning of the flow. The analysis is applied\nto the secondary vorticity which generates in a cascade or bend\nif the approaching flow has a boundary layer with a Prandtl\nNumber equal to unity and has been developed along an insulated\nwall.", "date": "1956-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "23", "number": "1", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "76-80", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-073556293", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-073556293", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "75", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "75_Loos_HG_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tez0k-c6590/files/75_Loos_HG_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Loos, H. G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jdyrf-67r90", "eprint_id": 21780, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:41:09", "lastmod": "2024-01-13 00:08:49", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "Stanford S." } } ] }, "title": "Models in aerochemistry", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 Roma, 1956. Work supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, US Army, under Contract DA 04-495-0rd-446. The present survey was prepared at the suggestion of Professor L. Crocco of Princeton University.\n\nPublished - 85_Penner_SS_1956.pdf
", "date": "1956", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-102541769", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-102541769", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "85_Penner_SS_1956.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/jdyrf-67r90/files/85_Penner_SS_1956.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1956", "author_list": "Penner, Stanford S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pm0v7-njf60", "eprint_id": 21813, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:40:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Aroeste-H", "name": { "family": "Aroeste", "given": "H." } } ] }, "title": "On the determination of absolute intensities from single- and multiple-path absorption measurements", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Institute of Physics.\nReceived January 31, 1955. \nOnline Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015401. A preliminary account of this work was presented at a \"Stellar Atmospheres Conference,\" Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, September 30 to October 2, 1954.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_23_2244_1_.pdf
Reprint - 71_Penner_SS_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "The physical principles involved in conventional absolute intensity measurements are reviewed. Experimental\ndifficulties rule out the use of extrapolation techniques for some spectral transitions. For this reason it is of interest to re-examine the possibility of using total absorption measurements, in conjunction with the curves of growth, for making intensity estimates. Extrapolation methods yield results which are independent of spectral line shape. Use of the curves of growth, on the other hand, implies the assumption that the line contour can be described by combined Doppler and Lorentz broadening.\nThe curves of growth permit a unique correlation between total absorption and f-value either for spectral lines with pure Doppler broadening or for pure collision broadening. Furthermore, a simple experimental procedure can be devised for estimating both the absolute intensity and the spectral line profile on the basis of single-path and multiple-path absorption measurements. The suggested procedure involves absorption' measurements for optical densities (path lengths) under conditions in which the integrated fractional absorption is a relatively sensitive function of spectral line shape. Representative calculations referring to utilization of the proposed method have been carried out for spectral lines belonging to the ^2\u2211\u2192^2II transitions, (0,0)-band, of OH, and also for lines belonging to the fundamental vibration-rotation spectrum of CO.", "date": "1955-12-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "12", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "2244-2247", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-112148460", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-112148460", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "71", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1740731", "primary_object": { "basename": "71_Penner_SS_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pm0v7-njf60/files/71_Penner_SS_1955.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_23_2244_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pm0v7-njf60/files/JChemPhys_23_2244_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Aroeste, H." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/60qyq-va070", "eprint_id": 21812, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:35:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:19", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Thermodynamic properties of gas at high temperatures and pressures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Rocket Society. Received June 20, 1954.\n\nReprint - 70_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1955-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "25", "number": "9", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "471-478", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-111358754", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-111358754", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "70_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/60qyq-va070/files/70_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q67xp-4kz55", "eprint_id": 21809, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:34:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:13", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } }, { "id": "Serdengecti-S", "name": { "family": "Serdengecti", "given": "S." } } ] }, "title": "Analysis of peak-holding optimalizing control", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received April 30, 1954.\n\nReprint - 66_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "The peak-holding optimalizing control is analyzed under the\nassumption of first-order input linear group and output linear group. Design charts are constructed for determining the required input drive speed and the consequent hunting loss with specified time constants of the input and output linear groups, the hunting period, and the critical indicated difference for input drive reversal.", "date": "1955-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "22", "number": "8", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "561-570", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-105101344", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-105101344", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "66_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/q67xp-4kz55/files/66_Tsien_HS_1955.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S. and Serdengecti, S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yptrk-jqv81", "eprint_id": 21811, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:34:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:16", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Propagation of stall in a compressor blade row", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received April 7, 1954. This work was performed, in part, under the financial support of the Office of Scientific Research, United States Air Force\n\nReprint - 67_Marble_FE_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "Recent experimental observations on compressors, in particular those of Rannie and Iura, have clarified some features of the phenomenon of stall propagation. Using these observations as a guide, the process of stall in an airfoil cascade has been characterized by a static pressure loss across the cascade which increases discontinuously at the stall angle, the turning angle being affected in only a minor way. Deductions from this simple model yield the essential features of stall propagation such as dependence of the extent of stalled region upon operating conditions,\nthe pressure loss associated with stall, and the angular\nvelocity of stall propagation. Using two-dimensional approximation for a stationary or rotating blade row, free from interference of adjacent blade rows, extent of the stalled region, the total pressure loss and stall propagation speed are discussed in detail for a general cascade characteristic. Employing these results, the effect of stall propagation upon the performance of a single-stage\naxial compressor is illustrated and the mechanism of entering the regime of stall propagation is discussed. The essential points of the results seem to agree with experimental evidence.", "date": "1955-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "22", "number": "8", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "541-554", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-110427631", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-110427631", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "67_Marble_FE_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yptrk-jqv81/files/67_Marble_FE_1955.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t3xe2-k7e98", "eprint_id": 21808, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:34:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:10", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penny-H-C", "name": { "family": "Penny", "given": "H. C." } }, { "id": "Aroeste-H", "name": { "family": "Aroeste", "given": "Henry" } } ] }, "title": "Vibrational relaxation times of diatomic molecules and rocket performance", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Institute of Physics. Received October 11, 1954. \n\nOnline Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nSupported by contract with the Office of Naval Research and\nthe Office of Ordnance Research. Presented at the 126th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, New York, September, 1954. This article uses, in part, the results of a thesis submitted by\nH. C. Penny, Lieutenant, U. S. Navy, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, California Institute of Technology, June 1954.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_23_1281_1_.pdf
Reprint - 65_Penny_HC_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "Computations are presented for the variation of vibrational excitation probabilities with temperature for mixtures of O_2 and N_2, and of HF and H_2. The values of six different excitation probabilities in each mixture are reported for temperatures up to 3000\u00baK. For each of the probabilities there is a lower temperature limit given, below which the theory of Schwartz, Slawsky, and Herzfeld, which is used here, is not applicable. Using the results for H_2-HF mixtures, we present some considerations which suggest that the expansion through the de Laval nozzle for representative H_2-F_2 rocket motors may be taken as vibrational near-equilibrium flow.", "date": "1955-07-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1281-1283", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-103028935", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-103028935", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)" }, { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1742258", "primary_object": { "basename": "65_Penny_HC_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t3xe2-k7e98/files/65_Penny_HC_1955.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_23_1281_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t3xe2-k7e98/files/JChemPhys_23_1281_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Penny, H. C. and Aroeste, Henry" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tp6gr-esr29", "eprint_id": 21841, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:32:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:25:47", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Crowe-T-H", "name": { "family": "Crowe", "given": "T. H." } } ] }, "title": "Correlation of laminar flame velocities for hydrocarbon-oxygen-inert gas mixtures", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955, This paper is based on a thesis submitted by Lt. T. H. Crowe to the Graduate School of the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, May 1955. Supported by the Office of Ordnance Research, U. S. Army,\nunder Contract DA 04-495-0rd-446, Department of the Army\nProject No. 599-01-004, Ordnance Research and Development\nProject No. TB 2-001, OOR Project No. 834. The authors are\nindebted to Dr. Theodore von Karman for his interest in this\nstudy, for his constructive criticism, and for his helpful suggestions.\n\nPublished - 82_Penner_SS.pdf
", "abstract": "A thermal theory of laminar flame propagation\nfor hydrocarbon-oxygen flames is described. The\nmethod of analysis follows the earlier work of von\nKarman and his collaborators.\nIn Section III the problem is formulated and\napproximate solutions are given for hydrocarbon-oxygen\nflames, assuming a second order rate-controlling\nstep. Approximate analytic solutions have been obtained\nfor all mixture ratios.\nHydrocarbon-oxygen-inert gas mixtures are considered\nin Section IV. A second order rate-controlling\nstep is again assumed and solutions are given for\nvarious initial gas compositions.\nAn attempt is made to correlate experimentally\ndetermined burning velocity data in Section V. Reference\nto Section V shows that a good correlation was\nobtained only for lean mixtures. Absolute values for\nthe laminar burning velocity cannot be estimated because\nof the lack of data concerning reaction mechanism\nand specific reaction rate constants.", "date": "1955-05", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "California Institute of Technology", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-073203540", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110121-073203540", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" }, { "agency": "Department of the Army", "grant_number": "599-01-004" }, { "agency": "Ordnance Research and Development Project", "grant_number": "TB 2-001" }, { "agency": "O.O.R. Project", "grant_number": "834" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "82", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "82_Penner_SS.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tp6gr-esr29/files/82_Penner_SS.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Crowe, T. H." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s96g5-rgw71", "eprint_id": 21807, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:32:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "De-Prima-C-R", "name": { "family": "De Prima", "given": "C. R." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Invariance of integrated transmittance and total fractional transmission with experimental slit function", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Institute of Physics. Received January 27, 1955. Online Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 401.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_23_757_1_.pdf
Reprint - 64_DePrima_cr_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1955-04-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "757-758", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-101940015", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110119-101940015", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr 220(03), NR 015 401" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1742104", "primary_object": { "basename": "JChemPhys_23_757_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s96g5-rgw71/files/JChemPhys_23_757_1_.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "64_DePrima_cr_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s96g5-rgw71/files/64_DePrima_cr_1955.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "De Prima, C. R. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/337f5-9e050", "eprint_id": 21793, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:30:16", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:57", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Bj\u00f6rnerud-E-K", "name": { "family": "Bj\u00f6rnerud", "given": "E. K." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental determination of rotational temperatures and concentrations of OH in flames from emission spectra", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Institute of Physics. Received June 25, 1954. Online Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\n\nSupported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015-401.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_23_143_1_.pdf
Reprint - 61_Penner_SS_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "In order to illustrate the use of two\u2010path experiments for correcting for self\u2010absorption, experimental studies to determine the rotational \"temperatures\" and concentrations of OH in flames burning at atmospheric pressure have been carried out. For mixtures of H_2, C_2H_2, and O_2, as well as for C_2H_2-O_2 flames diluted with A, \"anomalous\" rotational \"temperatures\" were observed under conditions in which strong self\u2010absorption was clearly indicated by the intensity ratios for the double\u2010path to the single\u2010path experiments. Unequivocal quantitative estimates of rotational temperatures and of OH concentrations cannot be carried out, even on the assumption that the emitting system is isothermal and in equilibrium. However, by using the results of theoretical studies on two\u2010path experiments carried out by one of us, it is possible to obtain reasonable upper limits for the temperatures and lower limits for the OH\u2010concentrations, based on an assumed Doppler contour for the line\u2010shape and utilizing Oldenberg's estimates for the f values of representative spectral lines. Our experimental studies lead to reasonable rotational temperatures at the tip of luminous cones for mixtures of H_2, C_2H_2, and O_2 and for C_2H_2-O_2 flames diluted with up to 60 percent argon. These observations do not disprove the reality of rotational temperature anomalies in the inner cones of flames. Significant improvement of experimental procedure, and quantitative interpretation of results along the lines used by us, requires additional basic studies with emphasis on the measurement of spectral line\u2010shape and absolute intensities", "date": "1955-01-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "143-152", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-134330601", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-134330601", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015-401" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1740513", "primary_object": { "basename": "61_Penner_SS_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/337f5-9e050/files/61_Penner_SS_1955.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_23_143_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/337f5-9e050/files/JChemPhys_23_143_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Bj\u00f6rnerud, E. K." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8nyh2-r5f60", "eprint_id": 21792, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:29:38", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:54", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Loos-H-G", "name": { "family": "Loos", "given": "Henk G." } } ] }, "title": "A simple laminar boundary layer with secondary flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. Received February 22, 1954. This work was carried out under the sponsorship of the Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command and represents a portion of an investigation into secondary flow in axial compressors. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Drs. H. S. Tsien and F. E. Marble for many stimulating discussions.\n\nReprint - 60_Loos_HG_1955.pdf
", "abstract": "The incompressible laminar boundary layer over a flat plate\nis studied for the simple case where the stream lines in the free flow have a parabolic shape. An exact solution of the boundary layer equations is derived. No separation occurs, even when there is a strong adverse pressure gradient along the stream lines, so that in this instance the secondary flow has a favorable influence.\nBecause of the variation of total pressure from one\nstream line to another in the free stream, the total pressure within the boundary layer at a given point can exceed that of the corresponding free stream.", "date": "1955-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "22", "number": "1", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "35-40", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-132624864", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-132624864", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "60_Loos_HG_1955.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8nyh2-r5f60/files/60_Loos_HG_1955.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Loos, Henk G." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0kjhw-vy813", "eprint_id": 21796, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:29:46", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:20:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } } ] }, "title": "Servo-stabilization of low-frequency oscillations in liquid propellant rocket motors.", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1955 Springer. Received: February 2, 1954.", "abstract": "Two points of view may be taken with regard to the undesirable pressure\noscillations in rocket motors which arise from instability of combustion, acoustic resonance, coupled oscillations of chamber pressure and propellant flow\nrate, as well as from more obscure sources. One is to eliminate the underlying\ncause of instability through change in mechanical design or modification of\npropellant properties; this is possible when the mechanism of instability is\nunderstood and its removal is not detrimental to rocket performance. The\nalternative is, as was demonstrated by H. S. Tsien [1], to modify the system\ndynamics by utilizing a feedback servo control which, for example, senses pressure\nfluctuations in the combustion chamber and modifies the propellant feeding\nrate at the proper frequency and phase to damp the fluctuation. Servo-stabilization\nprovides the distinct advantage that stability need not be a major\nconcern during rocket design, relying upon the feedback system to insure stable\noperation. Furthermore these concepts suggest the possibility of eliminating\nempirically an undesirable oscillation even when its basic cause is not known.", "date": "1955-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Angewandte Mathematick und Physik", "volume": "6", "number": "1", "publisher": "Springer", "pagerange": "1-35", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-140949997", "issn": "0044-2275", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-140949997", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1007/BF01600733", "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dcehg-ppt47", "eprint_id": 21790, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:29:33", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Knuth-E-L", "name": { "family": "Knuth", "given": "Eldon L." } } ] }, "title": "The mechanics of film cooling-Part 2", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1955 American Rocket Society. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Dr. W.\nDuncan Rannie for his critical guidance during the course of\nthe study described herein.\nThe author is grateful for the many assistances given him\nby the staff members of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California\nInstitute of Technology, where the major part of the\nwork was carried out. N. Van De Verg, Chief of the Liquid\nRockets Section, under whose general direction the research\nwas performed, showed a continued interest in and gave indispensable\nsupport to the investigation.\nThe author is also grateful for the financial assistance afforded\nhim by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation\nin the form of a Fellowship in Jet Propulsion during the\n1950-1951 and 1951-1952 school years.\n\nReprint - 58_Knuth_EL_1955-Pt2.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1955-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "25", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "16-25", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-131142281", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-131142281", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "58_Knuth_EL_1955-Pt2.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dcehg-ppt47/files/58_Knuth_EL_1955-Pt2.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Knuth, Eldon L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/2v5q6-9zs03", "eprint_id": 21927, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:28:47", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:30:42", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Datner-P-P", "name": { "family": "Datner", "given": "P. P." } } ] }, "title": "Combustion problems in liquid-fuel rocket engines", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "\u00a9 1955, Supported, in part, by the Office of Ordnance\nResearch, U. S. Army, under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-446 with the California Institute of Technology. Supported, in part, by the USAF Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command, under Contract No. AF 18(600)-799 with the Aerojet-General Corporation.", "abstract": "No abstract", "date": "1955", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Symposium (International) on Combustion", "volume": "5", "number": "1", "publisher": "Standing Committee on Combustion Symposia", "pagerange": "11-29", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110131-082519111", "issn": "0082-0784", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110131-082519111", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research, U.S. Army", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord-446" }, { "agency": "Office of Scientific Research and Development (USAF)", "grant_number": "AF-18(600)-799" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "69", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1016/S0082-0784(55)80009-4", "pub_year": "1955", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Datner, P. P." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vqsrj-sdj64", "eprint_id": 21829, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:27:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:11:22", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mager-A", "name": { "family": "Mager", "given": "Artur" } } ] }, "title": "Three dimensional laminar boundary layer with small cross-flow", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences.\nPresented at the Aerodynamics Session, Twenty-Second Annual Meeting, IAS, New York, January 25-29, 1954. This paper is partly based on a Doctoral Thesis at the California Institute of Technology and is sponsored by the Air Research and Development Command under Contract No. AF\n18(600)-178. Special acknowledgment is due to Profs. F. E.\nMarble and H. S. Tsien for their valuable advice and constructive criticism.\n\nReprint - 59_Mager_A_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "Important problems involving three-dimensional boundary\nlayer occur in almost all internal and external aerodynamic\nconfigurations. For many of these, the flow outside the boundary\nlayer may be resolved into a large principal component and a\nsmall crosswise velocity. In this paper, three-dimensional\nlaminar boundary-layer flows over flat and curved surfaces are\ntreated under such a simplification. For flat surfaces, the solutions\ndemonstrate the effect of the free stream turning on the\nvelocity profiles in the crosswise and primary flow directions.\nWhen the surface curvature is large and varies so as to resemble a\ncorner, the computed examples show the manner in which the\nasymmetric behavior of the boundary layer results from the\ncross-flow. The detailed examples are chosen to illustrate flows occurring on the casing and in the blade fillets of turbomachinery.", "date": "1954-12", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "21", "number": "12", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "835-845", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-101407892", "issn": "1936-9956", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-101407892", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Air Research and Development Command", "grant_number": "AF-18(600)-178" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "59_Mager_A_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vqsrj-sdj64/files/59_Mager_A_1954.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Mager, Artur" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y5wf5-ja280", "eprint_id": 21788, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:26:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-21 00:19:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Knuth-E-L", "name": { "family": "Knuth", "given": "Eldon L." } } ] }, "title": "The mechanics of film cooling-Part 1", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 American Rocket Society. Received February 22, 1954. This paper is based on part of the thesis submitted by the author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Aeronautical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, and presents the results of one phase\nof research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract No. DA-04-495-Ord 18, sponsored by the Department of the Army, Ordnance Corps.\n\nReprint - 58_Knuth_EL_1954-Pt1.pdf
", "abstract": "Thin liquid wall films flowing under the influence of\nhigh-velocity turbulent gas streams were studied for the\npurpose of obtaining an understanding of the mechanics\nof film cooling. Conditions which insure liquid-film\nattachment to solid surfaces without loss of unevaporated\nliquid to the gas stream when simple radial-hole injectors\nare used were found; the maximum allowable coolant flow\nrate for a stable coolant film was determined (a stable\ncoolant film is obtained when no unevaporated coolant\nis entrained by the gas stream as the result of interfacial\ndisturbances); and a method for calculating the evaporation\nrate and the surface temperature for a stable inert coolant film was found.", "date": "1954-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "24", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "359-365", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-114609834", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110118-114609834", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of the Army Ordnance Corps.", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-Ord 18" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "58_Knuth_EL_1954-Pt1.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y5wf5-ja280/files/58_Knuth_EL_1954-Pt1.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Knuth, Eldon L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7946-gfr13", "eprint_id": 21821, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:24:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:49", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Aroeste-H", "name": { "family": "Aroeste", "given": "Henry" } } ] }, "title": "Correlation between infrared intensities, dissociation energies, and equilibrium internuclear distances for diatomic molecules", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 American Institute of Physics. Received April 19, 1954. \nOnline Publication Date: 29 December 2004.\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research, Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_22_1273_1_.pdf
Reprint - 56_Aroeste_H_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1954-07-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "22", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1273-1274", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-091949408", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-091949408", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research (ONR)", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1740373", "primary_object": { "basename": "56_Aroeste_H_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7946-gfr13/files/56_Aroeste_H_1954.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_22_1273_1_.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7946-gfr13/files/JChemPhys_22_1273_1_.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Aroeste, Henry" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hn5ek-5sb21", "eprint_id": 21822, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:24:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:10:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Goldsmith-M", "name": { "family": "Goldsmith", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On the burning of single drops of fuel in a oxidizing atmosphere", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 American Rocket Society. Received March 8, 1954. Supported by the O.O.R under Contract DA 04-495-Ord-446,\nDept. of the Army Project No. 599-01-004, Ordnance Research\nand Development Project No. TB 2-001, OOR Project No. 834.\nThe authors are happy to express their appreciation to Dr. H. S. Tsien for helpful discussions.\n\nReprint - 57_Goldsmith_M_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "A simplified model for the process of steady burning of a\nstationary droplet of fuel in an oxidizing atmosphere has\nbeen examined. Explicit expressions have been obtained\nfor the burning rate of the fuel droplet, for the temperature at the flame front, and for the radius of the combustion surface. The principal assumptions on which our analysis is based are: the flame front is established at a spherical\nsurface surrounding the drop; the rates of delivery\nof fuel and oxygen to this surface are in stoichiometric\nproportions; the rates of reaction at the flame front are\nfast compared to the rates of delivery of combustible gases.\nOur analysis is an extension and generalization of the work\nof G. A. E. Godsave. We are able to delete several of Godsave's restrictive assumptions by use of an efficient method for formulating the problem in which only integrated\nforms appear for the expressions of conservation of mass\nand energy. Our theoretical formulas provide a satisfactory\ncorrelation of Godsave's experimental results.", "date": "1954-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "24", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "245-251", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-093347600", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110120-093347600", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "DA 04-495-Ord-446" }, { "agency": "Dept. of the Army", "grant_number": "599-01-004" }, { "agency": "Ordnance Research and Development Project", "grant_number": "TB 2-001" }, { "agency": "Office of Ordnance Research", "grant_number": "834" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "57_Goldsmith_M_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hn5ek-5sb21/files/57_Goldsmith_M_1954.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Goldsmith, M. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg6gd-65q12", "eprint_id": 18768, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:23:20", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 16:45:05", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate Emissivity Calculations for Polyatomic Molecules. I. CO_2", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1954 American Institute of Physics.\n\nReceived March 9, 1953.\n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_25_660.pdf
Reprint - 55_Penner_SS_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "Approximate emissivity calculations for CO_2 have been carried out, as a function of optical density, at 300 and at 600\u00b0K. The calculations involve the assumption that the rotational lines overlap extensively. This condition appears to be satisfied at total pressures above about 1 atmos. Comparison of the values calculated from spectroscopic data with the emissivities tabulated by Hottel and his collaborators shows satisfactory agreement. The analysis presented in this manuscript emphasizes the fact that it is possible to obtain reasonable estimates for the engineering emissivity without performing extensive analytical work, provided the physical principles are understood and the needed spectroscopic data are available.", "date": "1954-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "25", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "660-667", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-165045361", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-165045361", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "55", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1721706", "primary_object": { "basename": "55_Penner_SS_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg6gd-65q12/files/55_Penner_SS_1954.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_25_660.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/pg6gd-65q12/files/JApplPhys_25_660.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qycd1-h1z74", "eprint_id": 17230, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:21:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 23:40:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Adamson-T-C-Jr", "name": { "family": "Adamson", "given": "Thomas C., Jr." } } ] }, "title": "Ignition and combustion in a laminar mixing zone", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from JET PROPULSION, March-April, 1954). \n\nCopyright, 1954, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nPresented at the 8th ARS National Convention, New York, N. Y., December 3, 1953. \n\nThis investigation was carried out, in part, under the financial sponsorship of the Ordnance Corps, U. S. Army.\n\nReprint - 50_Marble_FE_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "The analytic investigation of laminar combustion processes which are essentially two- or three-dimensional present some mathematical difficulties. There are, however, several examples of two-dimensional flame propagation which involve transverse velocities that are small in comparison with that in the principal direction of flow. Such examples occur in thc problem of flame quenching by a cool surface, flame stabilization on a heated flat plate, combustion in laminar mixing zones, etc. In these cases the problem may be simplified by employing what is known in fluid mechanics as the boundary-layer approximation, since it was applied first by Prandtl in his treatment of the viscous flow over a flat plate. Physically it consists in recognizing that if the transverse velocity is small, the variations of flow properties along the direction of main flow are small in comparison with those in a direction normal to the main flow. The analytic description of the problem simplifies accordingly. The present analysis considers the ignition and combustion in the laminar mixing zone between two parallel moving gas streams. One stream consists of a cool combustible mixture, the second is hot combustion products. The two streams come into contact at a given point and a laminar mixing process follows in which the velocity distribution is modified by viscosity, and the temperature and composition distributions by conduction, diffusion, and chemical reaction. The decomposition of the combustible stream is assumed to follow first-order reaction kinetics with temperature dependence according to the Arrhenius law. For a given initial velocity, composition, and temperature distribution, the questions to be answered are: (1) Does the combustible material ignite; and (2) how far downstream of the initial contact point does the flame appear and what is the detailed process of development. Since the hot stream is of infinite extent, it is found that ignition always takes place at some point of the stream. However, when the temperature of the hot stream drops below a certain value, the distance required for ignition increases so enormously that it essentially does not occur in a physical apparatus of finite dimension. The complete development of the laminar flame front is computed using an approximation similar to the integral technique introduced by von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n into boundary layer theory.", "date": "1954-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "24", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "85-94", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20100120-092445763", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100120-092445763", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Ordnance Corps, U.S. Army" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "50", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "50_Marble_FE_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/qycd1-h1z74/files/50_Marble_FE_1954.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Adamson, Thomas C., Jr." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7696r-gma24", "eprint_id": 18767, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:21:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-20 16:45:01", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "MacLeod-G-J", "name": { "family": "MacLeod", "given": "Gordon J." } } ] }, "title": "Production of chemicals by gas-dynamical methods", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "restricted", "note": "Received January 4, 1954. \n\nThe study of the production of chemicals by gas-dynamical methods was initiated by Professor H. S. Tsien. The author is indebted to both Drs. H. S. Tsien and S. S. Penner for helpful suggestions.", "abstract": "It is the purpose of this letter to call attention to a study entitled \"Some Considerations in the Application of a Gas Turbine Cycle to the Manufacture of Nitric Oxide,\" which was carried out by the author in 1951 and 1952 at the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of mechanical engineer.", "date": "1954-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Jet Propulsion", "volume": "24", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "111", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-163253405", "issn": "0095-8751", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100622-163253405", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "54", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "MacLeod, Gordon J." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/44dk2-0zc61", "eprint_id": 17022, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:20:04", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:44:33", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Elliott-B-H", "name": { "family": "Elliott", "given": "B. H." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Effects of Temperature Gradients, Self-Absorption, and Line Shape on Apparent Rotational Temperatures of OH", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from the Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 22, No. 1, 101-105, January, 1954. \n\nCopyright \u00a9 1954 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived April 3, 1953.\n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015-210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_22_101.pdf
Reprint - 49_Elliott_BH_1954.pdf
", "abstract": "The effect on apparent rotational temperatures (of OH) of adjacent radiating and absorbing regions at different temperatures and of spectral line shape, coupled with varying degrees of self-absorption, has been studied. The calculations emphasize the fact that definitive conclusions regarding interpretation of flame spectra are difficult to obtain by use of conventional low-resolution spectroscopic studies of flames. Multiple path experiments, or absorption studies with a discrete line source, appear promising provided they are restricted to conditions under which the spectral line shape is known.", "date": "1954-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "22", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "101-105", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091222-143729042", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091222-143729042", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015-210." } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "49", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "49_Elliott_BH_1954.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/44dk2-0zc61/files/49_Elliott_BH_1954.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_22_101.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/44dk2-0zc61/files/JChemPhys_22_101.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Elliott, B. H. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6gdv3-bpn38", "eprint_id": 17014, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:17:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:43:49", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "von-K\u00e1rm\u00e1n-Th", "name": { "family": "von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n", "given": "Theodore" } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Fundamental approach to laminar flame propagation", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright 1954 Butterworths Scientific.\n\nPublished - 47_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "The complete system of equations for a theory of laminar flame equations is presented, taking into account both heat conduction and diffusion, for the case of an arbitrary number of simultaneous reactions. The eigenvalue problem determining the flame velocity is formulated. Two examples are given in order to show that explicit analytical expressions for the flame velocity can be obtained, which are in good agreement with the results obtained by numerical integration of the equations. In the first example (hydrazine decomposition) one reaction is considered as global, i.e., rate-controlling, reaction. In the second example (ozone decomposition) a hypothesis is introduced for the concentration of the free radical O, which corresponds to the steady-state approximation generally used in classical chemical kinetics. In both cases approximate explicit formulae are obtained for the flame velocity using legitimate approximation methods, without making drastic assumptions. The steady-state assumption used for the ozone flame has a bearing on a better understanding of the mechanism of chain reactions in general. The method indicated in the paper gives hope that the more complicated chain reactions, such as the combustion of hydrocarbons, will also be made accessible to theoretical computation.", "date": "1954", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Butterworths Scientific", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-144345839", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-144345839", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "47", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "47_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6gdv3-bpn38/files/47_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n, Theodore and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0z9mx-xy411", "eprint_id": 17015, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:17:53", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:43:51", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Spectroscopic studies of premixed laminar flames", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright 1954 Butterworths Scientific.\n\nPublished - 48_Penner_SS.pdf
", "abstract": "A critical review is presented of the results obtained by spectroscopic observations on flames. The objective of the survey is to examine the status, promise, and deficiencies of combustion spectroscopy in its relation to (a) elucidation of the mechanism of combustion and (b) the solution of technical combustion problems. Since important spectroscopic studies have been carried out on low-pressure flames, a discussion of the probable effects of pressure on laminar flame propagation is also included.", "date": "1954", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Butterworths Scientific", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-152152667", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-152152667", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "48", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "48_Penner_SS.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/0z9mx-xy411/files/48_Penner_SS.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c7mcb-zpk92", "eprint_id": 17013, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:17:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:43:47", "type": "book_section", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "von-K\u00e1rm\u00e1n-Th", "name": { "family": "von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n", "given": "Th." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "The thermal theory of constant-pressure deflagration for first-order global reactions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright 1954 University of Edinburgh.\n\nPublished - 46_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "The one-dimensional thermal theory of constant-pressure deflagration has been discussed in a recent publication by the senior author and G. Mill\u00e1n. In this paper an explicit relation was given for the linear burning velocity in flames supported by first-order global reactions. It is the purpose of the present analysis to extend this work by dropping the assumptions (a) that the average molecular weight of the gas mixture remains constant, and (b) that the thermal conductivity is constant. As the result, the one-dimensional theory of constant-pressure deflagration described in this paper is complete except in so far as the following reasonable approximations are concerned: (a) a constant average specific heat equal to the ratio of heat release per gram of reactant to total temperature rise may be used; (b) the ideal gas law constitutes a satisfactory equation of state for reacting gas mixtures.", "date": "1954", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "University of Edinburgh", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-143436496", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091221-143436496", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "46", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "46_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c7mcb-zpk92/files/46_von_Karman_T_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1954", "author_list": "von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n, Th. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1bf2z-psk84", "eprint_id": 17004, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:13:43", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:43:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hartwig-F-W", "name": { "family": "Hartwig", "given": "Frederic William" } } ] }, "title": "Maximum evaporation rates for nonisothermal droplets", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "keywords": "Aeronautics", "note": "Copyright 1953 American Rocket Society. \n\nReceived July 26, 1952. \n\nThis paper is abstracted from a thesis submitted by F. W. Hartwig to the graduate school of the California Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June 1952.\n\nPublished - 45_Hartwig_FW_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "Calculations have been carried out in order to determine the rate of evaporation of a liquid droplet surrounded by hot gases. The present study represents an extension of earlier work by Penner on evaporation rates for isothermal droplets. In particular, allowance was made for temperature gradients within the droplet by considering a droplet composed of an isothermal core and an isothermal shell. The results obtained in the present investigation were found to be in satisfactory agreement with the known data for evaporation of isothermal droplets, thus justifying calculations for isothermal droplets as a reasonable first approximation.", "date": "1953-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "242-243", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091218-141505043", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091218-141505043", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "45", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "45_Hartwig_FW_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1bf2z-psk84/files/45_Hartwig_FW_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Hartwig, Frederic William" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cen1e-gq507", "eprint_id": 16988, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:13:39", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:46", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Take-Off from Satellite Orbit", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, July-August, 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived November 19, 1952.\n\nReprint - 44_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The mass ratio or the characteristic velocity for the take-off of a space ship from the satellite orbit is computed for two cases: the radial thrust, and the circumferential thrust. The circumferential thrust is much more efficient in that the required mass ratio is much less than for the radial thrust. Both cases show, however, an increase of the required mass ratio and the characteristic velocity with a reduction in acceleration. With circumferential thrust, the characteristic velocity increases by a factor of two, when the acceleration is reduced from 1/2 g to 1/3000 g.", "date": "1953-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "233-236", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-133451765", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-133451765", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "44", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "44_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cen1e-gq507/files/44_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7xgkv-p4p88", "eprint_id": 16983, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:11:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:34", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kavanagh-R-W", "name": { "family": "Kavanagh", "given": "R. W." } }, { "id": "Bj\u00f6rnerud-E-K", "name": { "family": "Bj\u00f6rnerud", "given": "E. K." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Nomogram for the Evaluation of Blackbody Radiancy and of Peak and Total Intensities for Spectral Lines with Doppler Contour", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, Vol. 43, No.5, 380-382, May, 1953. \n\n\u00a9 Copyright 1953 Optical Society of America. \n\n(Received September 16, 1952) \n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research.\n\nPublished - 93B9388F-BDB9-137E-CF7E5AB06C856993_61397.pdf
Reprint - 40_Kavanagh_RW_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "A nomogram has been constructed for the determination of blackbody radiancy and of peak and total intensities for spectral lines with Doppler contour. The basic equations used for the construction of the nomogram and the use of the nomogram are described briefly. A method is outlined for determining absolute values of total intensities for spectral lines with combined Doppler and resonance contour by using the nomogram in conjunction with the \"curves of growth.\"", "date": "1953-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "43", "number": "5", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "380-382", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-110238137", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-110238137", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "40", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.43.000380", "primary_object": { "basename": "93B9388F-BDB9-137E-CF7E5AB06C856993_61397.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7xgkv-p4p88/files/93B9388F-BDB9-137E-CF7E5AB06C856993_61397.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "40_Kavanagh_RW_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7xgkv-p4p88/files/40_Kavanagh_RW_1953.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Kavanagh, R. W.; Bj\u00f6rnerud, E. K.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vt11b-fcn08", "eprint_id": 16982, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:11:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:31", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Kavanagh-R-W", "name": { "family": "Kavanagh", "given": "R. W." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Nomogram for the Evaluation of Blackbody Radiancy and of Peak and Total Intensities for Spectral Lines with Lorentz Contour", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, Vol. 43, No.5, 383-384, May, 1953. \n\n\n\u00a9 Copyright 1953 Optical Society of America. \n\n(Received September 15, 1952).\n\n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research.\n\nPublished - 93AD7845-BDB9-137E-C5DF0FD6E39DA6D2_50622.pdf
Reprint - 39_Kavanagh_RW_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "A nomogram has been constructed for the determination of blackbody radiancy and of peak and total intensities for spectral lines with Lorentz contour. The basic equations used for the construction of the nomogram and the use of the nomogram are described briefly.", "date": "1953-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "43", "number": "5", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "383-384", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-104935690", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-104935690", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "U. S. Office of Naval Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "39", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.43.000383", "primary_object": { "basename": "39_Kavanagh_RW_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vt11b-fcn08/files/39_Kavanagh_RW_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "93AD7845-BDB9-137E-C5DF0FD6E39DA6D2_50622.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vt11b-fcn08/files/93AD7845-BDB9-137E-C5DF0FD6E39DA6D2_50622.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Kavanagh, R. W. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cktzs-z7c39", "eprint_id": 16986, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:11:54", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:41", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dyne-P-J", "name": { "family": "Dyne", "given": "P. J." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Optical Methods for the Determination of Combustion Temperatures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, May-June, 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nSupported by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015-210.\n\nReprint - 42_Dyne_PJ_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "A brief survey is presented of optical methods for the determination of temperatures which can be used in rocket engines. The data are presented in outlines and include an outline of basic principles involved in application of a given technique, a sketch of the experimental arrangement, and key references which should he consulted for further details.", "date": "1953-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "165-169", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-125945046", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-125945046", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015-210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "42", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "42_Dyne_PJ_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cktzs-z7c39/files/42_Dyne_PJ_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Dyne, P. J. and Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y1m5s-86n46", "eprint_id": 16984, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:11:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Kavanagh-R-W", "name": { "family": "Kavanagh", "given": "R. W." } } ] }, "title": "Radiation from Isolated Spectral Lines with Combined Doppler and Lorentz Broadening", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, Vol. 43, No.5, 385-388, May, 1953. \n\n\u00a9 Copyright 1953 Optical Society of America. \n\n(Received September 15, 1952) \n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research.\n\nPublished - 93D3D752-BDB9-137E-CEDF8409C4A117C7_50623.pdf
Reprint - 41_Penner_SS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "Methods for the calculation of spectral absorption coefficients for combined Doppler and Lorentz broadening are summarized. The \"curves of growth\" have been extended to cover the ranges of parameters which arise in spectroscopic studies on flames.", "date": "1953-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "43", "number": "5", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "385-388", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-113204848", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-113204848", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "41", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.43.000385", "primary_object": { "basename": "41_Penner_SS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y1m5s-86n46/files/41_Penner_SS_1953.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "93D3D752-BDB9-137E-CEDF8409C4A117C7_50623.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y1m5s-86n46/files/93D3D752-BDB9-137E-CEDF8409C4A117C7_50623.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Kavanagh, R. W." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3y399-n6b57", "eprint_id": 16987, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:11:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:44", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Effect of Spectral Line Shape on Apparent Rotational Temperatures of OH", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from THE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol. 21, No. 4, 686-688, April, 1953. \n\nCopyright \u00a9 1953 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived November 30, 1952. \n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Contract No. Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_21_686.pdf
Reprint - 43_Penner_SS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "The effect of spectral line shape on apparent rotational temperatures of OH has been investigated for the P_1 branch, ^2\u03a3-->^2\u03c0 transitions, (0, 0) band, by treating the ratio of collision half-width to Doppler half-width as a variable parameter. The results of calculations for emission experiments, using conventional plots, show a large effect of line shape on apparent temperature. In general, the greater the ratio of collision half-width to Doppler half-width, the smaller the distortion of experimental data. The analysis predicts higher apparent rotational temperatures for isothermal systems at reduced pressures than at atmospheric pressures. Although this result is in agreement with experimental observations on flames, it cannot be used as an explanation for the observed data without auxiliary studies proving that distortion of data is of importance in any given case. The two-path method for determining temperatures and emissivities (concentrations) in flames has been extended to spectral lines with combined Doppler- and collision-broadening.", "date": "1953-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "21", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "686-688", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-130819123", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-130819123", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "43", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1698990", "primary_object": { "basename": "43_Penner_SS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3y399-n6b57/files/43_Penner_SS_1953.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_21_686.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3y399-n6b57/files/JChemPhys_21_686.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dvc93-pgj47", "eprint_id": 16980, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:10:19", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:26", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Determination of Absolute \u0192 Values from Relative Intensity Measurements for Spectral Lines with Doppler Contour", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, Vol. 43, No.3, 218-219, March, 1953. \n\n\u00a9 Copyright 1953 Optical Society of America. \n\n(Received September 11, 1952) \n\nSupported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210.\n\nPublished - 9343397A-BDB9-137E-CE42197AAD5766F2_166812.pdf
Reprint - 36_Penner_SS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "The experimental determination of absolute intensities for isolated spectral lines or for entire vibration-rotation bands involves formidable experimental difficulties. For this reason it is highly desirable to consider the use of techniques which permit the determination of absolute f values from relative intensity measurements performed by the use of a low resolution spectrograph. It is the purpose of this note to call attention to a useful experimental procedure for spectral lines with Doppler contour and for optical densities which are sufficiently large to assure a nonlinear dependence of intensity on optical density. The method is a generalization of a two-path experiment proposed for emission studies on flames.", "date": "1953-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Optical Society of America", "volume": "43", "number": "3", "publisher": "Optical Society of America", "pagerange": "218-219", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-085513442", "issn": "0030-3941", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-085513442", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "36", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1364/JOSA.43.0218_1", "primary_object": { "basename": "36_Penner_SS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dvc93-pgj47/files/36_Penner_SS_1953.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "9343397A-BDB9-137E-CE42197AAD5766F2_166812.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dvc93-pgj47/files/9343397A-BDB9-137E-CE42197AAD5766F2_166812.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/svt4s-5p933", "eprint_id": 16985, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:10:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:39", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On Maximum Evaporation Rates of Liquid Droplets in Rocket Motors", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright 1953 American Rocket Society. \n\nReceived July 14, 1952. \n\nThis paper presents the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under U. S. Army Ordnance Department Contract No. W-04-200-ORD-1482. The original manuscript was distributed as Progress Report No. 9-13 by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in September 1947.\n\nPublished - 313505.pdf
", "abstract": "Upper limits have been estimated for the rate of evaporation of small liquid droplets in representative rocket combustion chambers. The droplets are assumed to be\nisothermal at all times. The droplet temperature as a function of time is determined by an appropriate heat balance. The calculations are useful in determining the significance of inelastic collisions between liquid droplets for complete combustion. Radiant heat transfer to moving liquid droplets is considered briefly.", "date": "1953-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "85-88, 98", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-123319557", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-123319557", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Ordnance Department", "grant_number": "W-04-200-ORD-1482" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "38", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "313505.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/svt4s-5p933/files/313505.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3a3hb-v4090", "eprint_id": 16981, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:10:24", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:29", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Cox-D-W-Jr", "name": { "family": "Cox", "given": "Dale W., Jr." } } ] }, "title": "Servo-Stabilization of Low-Frequency Oscillations in a Liquid Bipropellant Rocket Motor", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, March-April 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived October 1, 1952.\n\nReprint - 37_Marble_FE_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "The recent work of H. S. Tsien concerning the servostabilization of rocket motors is extended to the liquid bipropellant rocket motor. It is shown that by use of a feedback system containing a device to sense the combustion chamber pressure, a suitably designed amplifier, and a servomechanism which governs the propellant How, the low-frequency oscillations which occur in the rocket configuration may be stabilized for any value of combustion time lag. A method is given for determining a transfer function of the feedback loop which will assure stable operation. The technique of the Satche diagram is employed in stability analysis.", "date": "1953-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "63-74, 81", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-101526652", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091215-101526652", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "37", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "37_Marble_FE_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3a3hb-v4090/files/37_Marble_FE_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Cox, Dale W., Jr." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g32dn-69d45", "eprint_id": 16974, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:08:21", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:11", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Schroeder-J-H", "name": { "family": "Schroeder", "given": "J. H." } } ] }, "title": "Effect of Vibrational Excitation on the Theoretical Performance of the Stoichiometric Carbon-Oxygen Propellant System", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, January-February 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived August 15, 1952. \n\nThis paper is based on a thesis submitted to the graduate school of the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June 1952. The author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner for helpful suggestions throughout the course of the work.\n\nReprint - 31_Schroeder_JH_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "Accurate calculations to evaluate the performance of the stoichiometric carbon-oxygen propellant system have been carried out for nozzle flow with and without chemical reactions and with and without vibrational adjustment. The calculations show that, for frozen chemical flow, a lag of vibrational energy states at chamber conditions nearly doubles the reduction in I_(sp), as compared with flow in which complete vibrational equilibrium is maintained. On the other hand, lags in vibrational adjustment have practically no effect on the theoretical performance of hot propellant systems if chemical equilibrium is maintained during nozzle flow. The preceding conclusions are in agreement with the results on other propellant systems obtained previously by use of an approximate evaluation procedure.", "date": "1953-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "25-27", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-134536542", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-134536542", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "31", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "31_Schroeder_JH_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/g32dn-69d45/files/31_Schroeder_JH_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Schroeder, J. H." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5z1qt-rqq76", "eprint_id": 16977, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:08:34", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:17", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Physical Mechanics, a New Field in Engineering Science", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, January-February 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived September 12, 1952. \n\nThe author is indebted to Dr. S. S. Penner, Assistant Professor of Jet Propulsion, for many stimulating discussions during the formulation of concepts in this paper.\n\nReprint - 34_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The purpose of physical mechanics is to predict the engineering behavior of matter in bulk form from the microscopic properties of its molecular and atomic constituents. The constants and basic concepts of this new engineering science, of particular importance to rocket and jet propulsion, are discussed in this paper.", "date": "1953-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "14-16, 35", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-144949544", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-144949544", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "34", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "34_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5z1qt-rqq76/files/34_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/79j9m-yb756", "eprint_id": 16979, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:08:41", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:24", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Quantitative Studies of Apparent Rotational Temperatures of OH in Emission and Absorption (Spectral Lines with Doppler Contour)", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from THE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol. 21, No.1, 31-41, January, 1953. \n\nCopyright \u00a9 1953 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived July 28, 1952. \n\nSupported by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015210.\n\nIn conclusion, the author takes pleasure in expressing\nhis appreciation to Dr. O. R. Wulf and Dr. H. S. Tsien\nfor helpful comments. The numerical work was performed\nby E. K. Bj\u00f6rnerud and R. W. Kavanagh.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_21_31.pdf
Reprint - 35_Penner_SS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "Even if a Boltzmann distribution exists for the population of molecules in various energy levels, it is not possible to obtain a satisfactory interpretation of experimental data by the use of conventional procedures unless the product of maximum spectral absorption coefficient P_(max) and optical density \u03c7 is sufficiently small. Detailed calculations are presented which show that the experimental results, which suggest an anomalous rotational temperature for the ^2\u03a3 state of OH in low pressure combustion flames, can be accounted for by using sufficiently large values for P_(max)\u03c7 (Sec. II). Whether or not experimental data should be interpreted in this manner must be determined by auxiliary studies. \n\nRepresentative absorption studies for the determination of rotational temperatures in isothermal systems have been analyzed for the P_1 branch, (0,0) band, ^2\u03c0-->^2\u03a3 transitions of OH at 3000\u00b0K. The calculations show that erroneous interpretation of experimental results occurs if the product P_(max)\u03c7 is not small compared to unity. Sample calculations for a blackbody light source show that the customary procedure for treating experimental results will permit adequate correlation of the data by straight lines up to relatively large values for P_(max)\u03c7. It is remarkable that the preceding statement remains true even under conditions in which emission data clearly indicate that P_(max)\u03c7 is no longer small compared to unity (Sec. III). \n\nRepresentative calculations to determine observable peak and total intensity ratios in emission for spectral lines with Doppler contour have been carried out for ^2\u03a3-->^2\u03c0 transitions, (0,0) band, P_1 branch of OH at 3000\u00b0K. The calculations show that the ratios of peak and total intensities are functions of the products of maximum absorption coefficients (P_(max)) and optical density (\u03c7) for the lines under study (Sec. IV). \n\nQuantitative calculations have been carried out of apparent rotational temperatures in systems containing nonequilibrium distributions of OH at 3000\u00b0K and at 6000\u00b0K. The calculations on the P_1 branch, ^2\u03a3-->^2\u03c0 transitions, indicate that, in the absence of self-absorption, conventional plots showing discontinuities necessarily overestimate one and underestimate the other of the known temperatures of 3000\u00b0K and 6000\u00b0K (Sec. V). \n\nQuantitative calculations on the nature of distortions produced when an isothermal region at 3000\u00b0K is viewed through an isothermal region at 1500\u00b0K show that the presence of a non-isothermal field of view magnifies the distortion produced by self-absorption alone (Sec. VI). \n\nOn the basis of the noncontroversial quantitative calculations described in Secs. II to VI for idealized systems, some speculations regarding the significance of reported flame temperature anomalies for OH are presented in Sec. VII.", "date": "1953-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "21", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "31-41", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-164334316", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-164334316", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "35", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1698618", "primary_object": { "basename": "35_Penner_SS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/79j9m-yb756/files/35_Penner_SS_1953.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_21_31.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/79j9m-yb756/files/JChemPhys_21_31.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kckct-kv795", "eprint_id": 16975, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:08:26", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:13", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Similarity Laws for Stressing Heated Wings", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright, 1953, by the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived June 10, 1952.\n\nReprint - 32_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "It will be shown that the differential equations for a heated plate with large temperature gradient and for a similar plate at constant temperature can be made the same by a proper modification of the thickness and the loading for the isothermal plate. This fact leads to the result that the stresses in the heated plate can be calculated from measured strains on the unheated plate by a series of relations, called the \"similarity laws.\" The application of this analog theory to solid wings under aerodynamic heating is discussed in detail. The loading on the unheated analog wing is, however, complicated and involves the novel concept of feedback and \"body force\" loading. The problem of stressing a heated box-wing structure can be solved by the same analog method and is briefly discussed.", "date": "1953-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "20", "number": "1", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "1-11", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-142900787", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-142900787", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "32", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "32_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/kckct-kv795/files/32_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v2ktf-kdq53", "eprint_id": 16976, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:08:30", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:15", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "The Properties of Pure Liquids", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, January-February 1953) \n\nCopyright, 1953, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived October 14, 1952.\n\nReprint - 33_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf
", "abstract": "By a semiempirical approach, a method is found to calculate the specific heat of a normal pure liquid at constant pressure form the specific heat of the gaseous state at the same temperature. It is also found that the coefficient of thermal expansion, the compressibility, and the velocity of sound of the liquid can be calculated accurately if the density, the molecular weight, and the normal boiling temperature of the liquid at atmospheric pressure are known. Finally, a method of computing the thermal conductivity of all liquids, except liquid metals, from compressibility and density is developed. For normal liquids, the thermal conductivity can again be determined if only the normal boiling temperature, the density, and the molecular weight are known.", "date": "1953-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "23", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "17-24, 35", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-143421207", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-143421207", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "33", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "33_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/v2ktf-kdq53/files/33_Tsien_HS_1953.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1953", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxed9-tcy07", "eprint_id": 16973, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:05:23", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:09", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Holm-R-J", "name": { "family": "Holm", "given": "R. J." } }, { "id": "Weber-D", "name": { "family": "Weber", "given": "D." } }, { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Emissivity for CO_2 at Elevated Pressures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, Vol. 23, No. 11, 1283, November, 1952. \n\nCopyright 1952 by the American Institute of Physics. \n\n(Received August 26, 1952) \n\nThis paper presents, in part, the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract No. DA-04-495-ORD 18. sponsored by the U. S. Army Ordnance Department. Supported, in part, by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210. \n\nThis article is based, in part, on a thesis submitted by R. J. Holm to the graduate school of the California Institute of Technology, in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Aeronautical Engineer, June, 1952\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_23_1283.pdf
Reprint - 30_Holm_RJ_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "Total absorptivity measurements have been carried out at room temperature as a function of partial pressure of CO_2 and of total pressure using nitrogen as pressurizing gas.", "date": "1952-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "11", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1283", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-131602254", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-131602254", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Army Ordnance Department", "grant_number": "DA-04-495-ORD 18" }, { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "30", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1702060", "primary_object": { "basename": "30_Holm_RJ_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxed9-tcy07/files/30_Holm_RJ_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JApplPhys_23_1283.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dxed9-tcy07/files/JApplPhys_23_1283.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Holm, R. J.; Weber, D.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6dspa-3cn27", "eprint_id": 16971, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:04:06", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:04", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Knuth-E-L", "name": { "family": "Knuth", "given": "Eldon L." } } ] }, "title": "Note on the calculation of transport properties of gas mixtures", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE AERONAUTICAL SCIENCES. \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nReceived May 23, 1952.\n\nReprint - 28_Knuth_EL_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "As a result of recent theoretical studies on transport properties of gases by Hirschfelder, et al., and others, the dynamic viscosity (\u00b5), the thermal conductivity (\u03bb), and the mechanical diffusivity (D), as well as the dimensionless ratios Prandtl Number (Pr = C_p \u00b5/\u03bb, where C_p = specific heat at constant pressure), Schmidt Number (Sc =\u00b5/\u03c1D, where \u03c1 = density), anq \u03bb/\u03c1C_pD may now be calculated rapidly and with a reasonable degree of accuracy both for pure gases and for mixtures of gases, provided that the temperature of the gases is not too low. This happy state of affairs does not seem to be realized by aeronautical engineers, and it is the purpose of the present note to call attention to it.", "date": "1952-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences", "volume": "19", "number": "9", "publisher": "Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences", "pagerange": "644", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-094124089", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-094124089", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "28", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "28_Knuth_EL_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6dspa-3cn27/files/28_Knuth_EL_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Knuth, Eldon L." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d8bes-azq17", "eprint_id": 16972, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:04:11", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Servo-stabilization of combustion in rocket motors", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, September-October, 1952) \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of copyright owner. \n\nReceived February 22, 1952.\n\nReprint - 29_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "This paper shows that the combustion in the rocket motor can be stabilized against any value of time lag in combustion by a feedback servo link from a chamber pressure pickup, through an appropriately designed amplifier, to a control capacitance on the propellant feed line. The technique of stability analysis is based upon a combination of the Satche diagram and the Nyquist diagram. For simplicity of calculation, only low-frequency oscillations in monopropellant rocket motors are considered. However, the concept of servo-stabilization and method of analysis are believed to be generally applicable to other cases.", "date": "1952-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "256-263", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-130734801", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091214-130734801", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "29", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "29_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d8bes-azq17/files/29_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k6ybn-6g873", "eprint_id": 16955, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:02:50", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:41:18", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "A Two-Path Method for Eliminating the Effects of Self-Absorption on Temperature for Isothermal Flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, No.8, 1341-1342, August, 1952.\nCopyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived June 3, 1952. \n\nSupported by ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_20_1341.pdf
Reprint - 24_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "It is the purpose of the current note to outline a two-path method for the determination of flame temperatures. The method is valid for isothermal systems and spectral lines with Doppler contour. All errors arising from self-absorption are eliminated. Practical applications are made by determining the ratio of the total intensity observed when the flame is viewed with a cool blackbody as background to the total intensity obtained with a cool mirror as background.", "date": "1952-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "8", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1341-1342", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-092800465", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-092800465", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015210" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "24", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700756", "primary_object": { "basename": "JChemPhys_20_1341.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k6ybn-6g873/files/JChemPhys_20_1341.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "24_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/k6ybn-6g873/files/24_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7y1d6-20041", "eprint_id": 16956, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:02:56", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:41:21", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Experimental Evidence for Anomalous Population Temperatures of OH in Flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, No. 8, 1334-1335, August, 1952.\nCopyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived June 3, 1952. \n\nSupported by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_20_1334.pdf
Reprint - 25_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "It is the purpose of this note to present an evaluation of the\nexperimental evidence for and against \"anomalous\" temperatures\nof OH in flames. Experimental studies have been carried out\non low pressure flames, and on flames burning at atmospheric\npressure. The results have usually been interpreted by using\nrelations which are applicable only to isothermal systems. Attempts\nto correct for self-absorption have been made by using\nisointensity methods. For spectral lines with Doppler contour\nit has been demonstrated by quantitative calculations that the\nisointensity methods do not correct for self-absorption unless\nself-absorption is weak. In particular, Shuler's method, without\nallowance for the effect of frequency on intensity, has been shown\nto yield nonlinear plots for strong self-absorption and to be\ninferior to conventional procedures in the absence of self-absorption.\nExtensive studies on the effect of self-absorption in falsifying\nexperimental data have been carried out by Cowan and Dieke.\nWe have recently attempted to estimate absolute emission intensities\nfor OH in low pressure flames by using data obtained\nby Oldenberg and Rieke.", "date": "1952-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "8", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1334-1335", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-093848025", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-093848025", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "25", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700748", "primary_object": { "basename": "25_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7y1d6-20041/files/25_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_20_1334.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7y1d6-20041/files/JChemPhys_20_1334.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c4nes-kj978", "eprint_id": 16958, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:03:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:41:23", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "The Emission of Radiation from Diatomic Gases. IV. Emissivity Calculations for CO and HCl for Nonoverlapping Rotational Lines as a Function of Temperature and Optical Density", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, Vol. 23, No. 8, 825-837, August, 1952. \n\nCopyright 1952 by the American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived February 4, 1952. \n\nSupported by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015 210. Presented, in part, before the Symposium on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy, Columbus, June, 1952.\n\nPublished - JApplPhys_23_825.pdf
Reprint - 26_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "Simplified expressions have been developed for the engineering emissivity of uniformly distributed diatomic gases for nonoverlapping rotational lines with a resonance contour. Unfortunately the rotational half-widths for spectral lines arising from transitions between excited vibrational energy levels are generally not known. For this reason it was necessary to make the assumption that the rotational half-widths for transitions of the form n-->n+v, v=1 or 2, are identical. The theoretical analysis is, however, sufficiently general to be useful without modification when accurate data concerning the dependence of line-width on vibrational excitation become available. Explicit expressions have been obtained for the contributions to the total emissivity associated with individual vibration-rotation bands. \n\nRepresentative emissivity calculations have been carried out for CO and HCl. Comparison of the calculated emissivities of CO with experimental data shows only fair agreement, suggesting either that the assumed description of rotational half-widths is inadequate or else that the empirical emissivity data are not reliable at elevated temperatures.", "date": "1952-08", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "8", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "825-837", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-094656109", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-094656109", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "26", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "JApplPhys_23_825.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c4nes-kj978/files/JApplPhys_23_825.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "26_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c4nes-kj978/files/26_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7s2x-d3p24", "eprint_id": 16969, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:01:35", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:42:00", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "A method for comparing the performance of power plants for vertical flight", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, July-August, 1952) \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of copyright owner. \n\nReceived January 3, 1952.\n\nReprint - 27_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "A new method of power plant selection for vertical flight is proposed. It can be used to determine whether the performance of a rocket design can be improved by substituting for the rocket motor a different power plant such as a ramjet. Calculations indicate that there are advantages in using the ramjet provided the power plant can be made to operate under rapid acceleration and at high altitudes.", "date": "1952-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "200-203", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-152054111", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091211-152054111", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "27", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "27_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/d7s2x-d3p24/files/27_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r4pfn-t9g52", "eprint_id": 16950, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:01:31", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:41:08", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } }, { "id": "Adamson-T-C", "name": { "family": "Adamson", "given": "T. C." } }, { "id": "Knuth-E-L", "name": { "family": "Knuth", "given": "E. L." } } ] }, "title": "Automatic navigation of a long range rocket vehicle", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, July-August, 1952) \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of copyright owner. \n\nReceived April 28, 1952. \n\nThe computations involved in this paper were carried out by R. C. Evans, Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Fellow, and F. W. Hartwig, Captain U.S.A.F., in addition to the junior authors.\n\nReprint - 23_Tsien_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The flight of a rocket vehicle in the equatorial plane of a rotating earth is considered with possible disturbances in the atmosphere due to changes in density, in temperature, and in wind speed. These atmospheric disturbances together with possible deviations in weight and in moment of inertia of the vehicle tend to change the flight path away from the normal flight path. The paper gives the condition for the proper cut-off time for the rocket power, and the proper corrections in the elevator angle so that the vehicle will land at the chosen destination in spite of such disturbances. A scheme of tracking and automatic navigation involving a high-speed computer and elevator servo is suggested for this purpose.", "date": "1952-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "192-199", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091210-142418746", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091210-142418746", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Guggenheim Foundation" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "23", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "23_Tsien_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r4pfn-t9g52/files/23_Tsien_SS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S.; Adamson, T. C.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8jx7c-1h974", "eprint_id": 16948, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:01:27", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:41:04", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On the Validity of Anomalous Population Temperatures in Flames", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Reprinted from THE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol. 20, No. 7, 1175-1176, July, 1952.\nCopyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived May 1, 1952. \n\nSupported by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03), NR 015210.\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_20_1175.pdf
Reprint - 22_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "It should be obvious to anyone reading our recent papers objectively that our \"principle thesis\" was (a) to examine the origin of the basic relations involved in the customary procedure for the determination of population temperatures in flames, with emphasis on the effect of spectral line shape on the final equations, and (b) to present experimental data on low pressure combustion flames which support the earlier experimental findings of Gaydon and Wolfhard.", "date": "1952-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "1175-1176", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091210-140920447", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091210-140920447", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "22", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700694", "primary_object": { "basename": "22_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8jx7c-1h974/files/22_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_20_1175.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8jx7c-1h974/files/JChemPhys_20_1175.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t6fjj-ggz80", "eprint_id": 16929, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:00:44", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:40:01", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } }, { "id": "Cheng-C-M", "name": { "family": "Cheng", "given": "C. M." } } ] }, "title": "A similarity law for stressing rapidly heated thin-walled cylinders", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, May-June, 1952) \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of copyright owner. \n\nReceived February 14, 1952. \n\nThis paper is based on part of a thesis submitted by the junior author for partial fulfillment of the requirements of Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering, California Institute of Technology.\n\nReprint - 20_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "When a thin cylindrical shell of uniform thickness is very rapidly heated by hot high-pressure gas flowing inside the shell, the temperature of material decreases steeply from a high temperature at the inside surface to ambient temperatures at the outside surface. Young's modulus of material thus varies. The purpose of the present paper is to reduce the problem of stress analysis of such a cylinder to an equivalent problem in conventional cylindrical shell without temperature gradient in the wall. The equivalence concept is expressed as a series of relations between the quantities for the hot cylinder and the quantities for the cold cylinder. These relations give the similarity law whereby strains for the hot cylinder can be simply deduced from measured strains on the cold cylinder and thus greatly simplify the problem of experimental stress analysis.", "date": "1952-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "144-149, 167", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-140147995", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-140147995", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "20", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "20_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/t6fjj-ggz80/files/20_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S. and Cheng, C. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3dp32-sm983", "eprint_id": 16931, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:00:48", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:40:07", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "On the Determination of Rotational Line Half-Widths of Diatomic Molecules", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived January 21, 1952. \n\nSupported, in part, by the ONR under Contract Nonr-220(03),\nNR 015210.\n\nPublished - 21_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "A simple closed-form expression is obtained for the fractional intensity of radiation absorbed by vibration-rotation bands with collision-broadened spectral lines. The resulting expressions greatly reduced the labor involved in obtaining apparent rotational half-widths from experimental measurements.", "date": "1952-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "5", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "827-828", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-141443391", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-141443391", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220(03), NR 015210" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "21", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700578", "primary_object": { "basename": "21_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3dp32-sm983/files/21_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S. and Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9pdb4-q6p56", "eprint_id": 16928, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 02:00:40", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:39:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "The transfer functions of rocket nozzles", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "(Reprinted from Journal of the American Rocket Society, May-June, 1952). \n\nCopyright, 1952, by the American Rocket Society, Inc., and reprinted by permission of copyright owner. \n\nReceived January 2, 1952.\n\nReprint - 19_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The transfer function is defined as the fractional oscillating mass flow rate divided by the fractional sinusoidal pressure oscillation in the rocket combustion chamber. This is calculated as a function of the frequency of oscillation. For very small frequencies, the transfer function is approximately 1 with a small \"lead component.\" For very large frequencies, the transfer function is considerably larger than 1, and is approximately 1 + (\u03b3M_1)^(-1) where \u03b3 is the ratio of specific heats of the gas, and M_l is the Mach nUlllber at entrance to the nozzle.", "date": "1952-05", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "139-143", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-134942869", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-134942869", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "19", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "19_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9pdb4-q6p56/files/19_Tsien_HS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y80th-m6h80", "eprint_id": 16923, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:59:57", "lastmod": "2023-10-19 22:39:43", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "On the kinetics of evaporation", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "[Reprinted from the Journal of Physical Chemistry, 56, 475 (1952).] \n\nCopyright 1952 by the American Chemical Society and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner.\n\nPublished - j150496a015.pdf
Reprint - 18_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The kinetics of evaporation of liquids has been reconsidered from the point of view of classical kinetic reactions and also by application of the theory of absolute reaction rates. It is shown that evaporation treated as a unimolecular rate process, with a rate proportional to the surface concentration of energetic molecules, leads to the Knudsen equation for spherical molecules provided 6 square terms contribute to the energy of activation. As was pointed out in an earlier publication, the theory of absolute reaction rates, after correction for lack of equilibrium between normal molecules and the activated complex, leads to the Knudsen equation for spherically symmetric molecules if reasonable assumptions are made concerning the nature of the activated complex. Evidence is presented in support of the idea that the equilibrium theory of absolute reaction rates is not consistent with the model of the liquid used to determine evaporation rates. The theoretical treatment is next extended to polar liquids with restricted rotation and it is shown that the evaporation coefficient should be identified with the free-angle ratio, a conclusion which has been verified quantitatively by Wyllie.", "date": "1952-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Physical Chemistry", "volume": "56", "number": "4", "publisher": "American Chemical Society", "pagerange": "475-479", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-112654154", "issn": "0022-3654", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20091209-112654154", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "18", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1021/j150496a015", "primary_object": { "basename": "18_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y80th-m6h80/files/18_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "j150496a015.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y80th-m6h80/files/j150496a015.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zt6sp-jyw37", "eprint_id": 450, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-21 22:26:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-13 21:49:14", "type": "monograph", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marble-F-E", "name": { "family": "Marble", "given": "Frank E." } }, { "id": "Michelson-I", "name": { "family": "Michelson", "given": "Irving" } } ] }, "title": "Analytical Investigation of Some Three-Dimensional Flow Problems in Turbomachines", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 10", "abstract": "One problem encountered in the theory of turbomachines is that of calculating the fluid velocity components when the inner and outer boundaries of the machine as well as the shape of or forces imparted by the blade row are given. The present paper discusses this problem under the restrictions that the fluid is inviscid and incompressible and that the blade rows consist of an infinite number of infinitely thin blades so that axially symmetric flow is assumed. \n\nIt is shown, in general, that the velocity components in a plane through the turbomachine axis may be expressed in terms of the angular momentum and the leading-edge blade force normal to the stream surfaces. The relation is a nonlinear differential equation to which analytic solutions may be obtained conveniently only after the introduction of linearizing assumptions. A quite accurate linearization is effected through assuming an approximate shape of the stream surfaces in certain nonlinear terms. \n\nThe complete linearized solution for the axial turbomachine is given in such form that blade loading, blade shape, distribution of angular momentum, or distribution of total head may be prescribed. Calculations for single blade rows of aspect ratio 2 and 2/3 are given for a radius ratio of 0.6. They indicate that the process of formation of the axial velocity profile may extend both upstream and downstream of a high-aspect-ratio blade row, while for low aspect ratios the major portion of the three-dimensional flow occurs within the blade row itself. When the through-flow velocity varies greatly from its mean value, the simple linearized solution does not describe the flow process adequately and a more accurate solution applicable to such conditions is suggested. \n\nThe structure of the first-order linearized solution for the axial turbomachine suggested a further approximation employing a minimizing operation. The simplicity of this solution permits the discussion of three interesting problems: Mutual interference of neighboring blade rows in a multistage axial turbomachine, solution for a single blade row of given blade shape, and the solution for this blade row operating at a condition different from the design condition. \n\nIt is found that the interference of adjacent blade rows in the multistage turbomachine may be neglected when the ratio of blade length to the distance between centers of successive blade rows is 1.0 or less. For values of this ratio in excess of 3.0, the interference may be an important influence. The solution for the single blade row indicated that, for the blade shape considered, the distortion of the axial velocity profile caused by off-design operation is appreciably less for low- than for high-aspect-ratio blades. \n\nTo obtain some results for a mixed-flow turbomachine comparable with those for the axial turbomachine as well as to indicate the essential versatility of the method of linearizing the general equations, completely analogous theoretical treatment is given for a turbomachine whose inner and outer walls are concentric cones with common apex and whose flow is that of a three-dimensional source or sink. A particular example for a single rotating blade row is discussed where the angular momentum is prescribed similarly to that used in the examples for the axial turbomachine.", "date": "1952-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:MARnacatn2614", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MARnacatn2614", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "10", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "MARnacatn2614.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zt6sp-jyw37/files/MARnacatn2614.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Marble, Frank E. and Michelson, Irving" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yf1mb-dxg46", "eprint_id": 14826, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:59:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:12", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Emission and absorption of radiation by spectral lines with Doppler contour", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived October 15, 1951. \n\nSupported by the ONR under contract Nonr-220 (03),\nNR 015210. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 17\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_20_507.pdf
Reprint - 17_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "Equations are developed for observable intensities in emission and absorption for spectral lines with Doppler contour. It is shown that the theoretical relations which are usually employed in estimating effective temperatures of internal energy states (a) require slight modifications when proper allowance is made for the shape of spectral lines, and (b) are not valid unless the product of spectral absorption coefficient and optical density is sufficiently small. Illustrative calculations on several spectral lines belonging to the (0,0) band of the 2Sigma-->2Pi band system of OH suggest that the conditions under which the basic relations hold are probably not satisfied for representative combustion flames.", "date": "1952-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "3", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "507-510", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-134446096", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-134446096", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "017", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700447", "primary_object": { "basename": "17_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yf1mb-dxg46/files/17_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_20_507.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yf1mb-dxg46/files/JChemPhys_20_507.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y2w6e-n3441", "eprint_id": 14830, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:58:55", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:25", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Note on the application of near-frozen flow criteria for one-dimensional nonviscous expansion through a Laval nozzle", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived November 16, 1951. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 15\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_20_341.pdf
Reprint - 15_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "A general criterion for near-frozen adiabatic expansion in one-dimensional nonviscous flow through a Laval nozzle has been described in a recent publication [1]. Unfortunately it appears that the discussion was so condensed that it is hardly possible to apply the results, Eq. (28a), without a few explanatory remarks.", "date": "1952-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "341", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-145128570", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-145128570", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "015", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1700409", "primary_object": { "basename": "15_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y2w6e-n3441/files/15_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_20_341.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/y2w6e-n3441/files/JChemPhys_20_341.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dywnh-xpg40", "eprint_id": 14828, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:58:49", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:17", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } }, { "id": "Ostrander-M-H", "name": { "family": "Ostrander", "given": "M. H." } }, { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "The emission of radiation from diatomic gases. III. Numerical emissivity calculations for carbon monoxide for low optical densities at 300\u00b0K and atmospheric pressure", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1952 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived September 27, 1951. \n\nSupported, in part, by the ONR under contract Nonr-220 (03),\nNR 015 210, with the California Institute of Technology.\n This article uses, in part, the results of a thesis submitted by\nM. H. Ostrander in partial fulfillment of requirements for the\ndegree of Aeronautical Engineer, California Institute of Technology,\nJune, 1951. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 16\n\nPublished - 16_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "Numerical emissivity calculations at 300\u00b0K and atmospheric pressure for nonoverlapping rotational lines have been carried out for CO using a dispersion formula for the line-shape representation. Use of the best available experimental data on integrated absorption and rotational line-width leads to calculated emissivities which are in excellent agreement with extrapolated empirical data published by Hottel and Ullrich. In particular, the theoretical dependence of emissivity on optical density, for small optical densities at 300\u00b0K, has been shown to follow experimental observations with satisfactory precision.For small optical densities the calculated emissivity is found to be proportional to the square root of the assumed rotational line-width, thus emphasizing the need for accurate line-width determinations at elevated temperatures. The limits of validity of the treatment utilizing nonoverlapping rotational lines are defined by examining overlapping between adjacent weak and strong rotational lines.The calculation of emissivities can be simplified by the use of approximate treatments. Thus absolute values of the emissivity can be predicted within 10 percent by utilizing a treatment for nonoverlapping, equally spaced, and equally intense lines, together with empirically determined values for the equivalent mean integrated absorption of the rotational lines of CO. A better analytic solution, which does not involve the assumptions of equal spacing and equal intensity of the rotational lines, has been obtained by utilizing asymptotic relations for large values of modified Bessel functions.", "date": "1952-02", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Physics", "volume": "23", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "256-263", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-142635076", "issn": "0021-8979", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-142635076", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Office of Naval Research", "grant_number": "Nonr-220 (03), NR 015 210" } ] }, "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "016", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1702185", "primary_object": { "basename": "16_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/dywnh-xpg40/files/16_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S.; Ostrander, M. H.; et el." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6y64e-02j31", "eprint_id": 14832, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:57:08", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:36", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Chemical propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "[Reprinted from Journal of Chemical Edueation, Vol. 2H, Page 37, January, 1952]\nCopyright, 1952, by Division of Chemical Education, American Chemical Society, and reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 14\n\nPublished - JCE1952p0037.pdf
Reprint - 14_Penner_SS_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "The chemical propellants form a special class of compounds. Some of the members of this class are usually not considered as being important enough to warrant special discussion in chemistry courses. For this reason it appears to be of interest to present a catalogue of representative chemicals with emphasis on the particular characteristics which make them useful or usable rocket propellants.", "date": "1952-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Education", "volume": "29", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Chemical Society, Division of Chemical Education", "pagerange": "37-39", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-152312511", "issn": "0021-9584", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-152312511", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "014", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "14_Penner_SS_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6y64e-02j31/files/14_Penner_SS_1952.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JCE1952p0037.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6y64e-02j31/files/JCE1952p0037.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/97k3r-e7d19", "eprint_id": 21904, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:57:13", "lastmod": "2023-10-23 15:29:30", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Adamson-T-C", "name": { "family": "Adamson", "given": "T. C., Jr." } } ] }, "title": "On the theory of one-dimensional flame propagation", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1952 American Rocket Society. Received December 10, 1951.\n\nReprint - Adamson_TC_1952.pdf
", "abstract": "N/A", "date": "1952-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "22", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "38-38", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-085951497", "issn": "0095-9073", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20110127-085951497", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "Adamson_TC_1952.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/97k3r-e7d19/files/Adamson_TC_1952.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Adamson, T. C., Jr." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/z26gs-4m423", "eprint_id": 14831, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:57:02", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:27", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Quantitative evaluation of rocket propellants", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1952 American Association of Physics Teachers. \n\n(Received July 9, 1951) \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 12", "abstract": "A method for the quantitative evaluation of chemicals as rocket propellants is described. The procedure utilizes the fact that adiabatic expansion through a nozzle may be considered to be isentropic. Treatments are presented for two limiting conditions of expansion, corresponding to flow without chemical change and to flow which is characterized, at all times, by the existence of thermodynamic equilibrium.", "date": "1952-01", "date_type": "published", "publication": "American Journal of Physics", "volume": "20", "number": "1", "publisher": "American Association of Physics Teachers", "pagerange": "26-31", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-150338262", "issn": "0002-9505", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20090805-150338262", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "012", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1952", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xyezx-rkb28", "eprint_id": 14825, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:54:37", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:06", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cheng-C-M", "name": { "family": "Cheng", "given": "C. M." } } ] }, "title": "Resistance to thermal shock", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1951 American Rocket Society. \n\nReceived June 15, 1951. This paper is based on part of a\nthesis submitted for partial fulfillment of Ph.D. in Mechanical\nEngineering, under the supervision of H. S. Tsien, Robert H.\nGoddard Professor, Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center, California Institute of Technology. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 11", "abstract": "The purpose of this investigation is to demonstrate that\nthe resistance of ceramic and ceramal materials to thermal\nshock can he determined by analyzing the nonsteady\nthermal stresses in the material. First the nonuniform\ntemperature distribution is computed by using the heat\nconduction equation. This temperature distribution is\nthen used to compute the thermal stress. The material\nparameters which enter into the calculations are the\ncoefficients of thermal conduction and of thermal expansion,\nthe ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's\nratio of the material. These quantities together\nwith the heating conditions then specify the resistance to\nthermal shock. The theory is verified by comparing the\nresults with NACA test data.", "date": "1951-11", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "21", "number": "6", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "147-153", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC011", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC011", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "11", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1951", "author_list": "Cheng, C. M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fxp07-2za43", "eprint_id": 14824, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:53:32", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:56:04", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Meghreblian-R-V", "name": { "family": "Meghreblian", "given": "R. V." } } ] }, "title": "Approximate calculations of specific heats for polyatomic gases", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1951 American Rocket Society. \n\nReceived May 22, 1951. \n\nThe author takes pleasure in expressing his appreciation for the assistance and helpful criticism of Dr. S. S. Penner and Dr. H. S. Tsien. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 7", "abstract": "This paper presents a method for the approximate calculation of the ideal specific heats of polyatomic molecules occurring in rocket combustion processes. The method is based on the assignment of characteristic frequencies to individual interatomic bonds, the simplification consisting in the use of the same characteristic frequency for a particular bond irrespective of the over-all structure of the molecule in which it occurs. The method can be applied to molecules for which precise spectroscopic data are not available.", "date": "1951-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "21", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "127-128, 131", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC007", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC007", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "007", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1951", "author_list": "Meghreblian, R. V." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hkj2v-qpg48", "eprint_id": 14821, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:53:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:55:53", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } }, { "id": "Evans-R-C", "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Robert C." } } ] }, "title": "Optimum thrust programming for a sounding rocket", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1951 American Rocket Society. \n\nReceived April 16, 1951.", "abstract": "The problem of optimal thrust programming for a sounding rocket of minimum starting weight to reach specified height with given final weight and propellant characteristics is first formulated as a problem in variational calculus. The general solution for arbitrary drag function is given. The solution is then applied to two special cases, one with quadratic drag dependence on velocity and the other with linear drag dependence on velocity. Complete numerical data are given. The results are then compared with the results of constant thrust to show the advantages of thrust programming. Thrust programming is shown to be able to increase appreciably the pay load of a high altitude sounding rocket.", "date": "1951-09", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "volume": "21", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "99-107", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC006", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC006", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "006", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1951", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S. and Evans, Robert C." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4wmwd-bpp24", "eprint_id": 14800, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:50:29", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:54:59", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Penner-S-S", "name": { "family": "Penner", "given": "S. S." } } ] }, "title": "Thermodynamics and chemical kinetics of one-dimensional nonviscous flow through a Laval nozzle", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Copyright \u00a9 1951 American Institute of Physics. \n\nReceived February 13, 1951. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 5\n\nPublished - JChemPhys_19_877.pdf
Reprint - 5_Penner_SS_1951.pdf
", "abstract": "Explicit relations have been obtained for the enthalpy changes in one-dimensional nonviscous flow through a Laval nozzle, where arbitrary deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium of chemical composition and of internal electronic, vibrational, or rotational energy states may occur. These relations are of interest in connection with calculations on the effect of deviations from equilibrium on performance of jet engines.Starting with the equation of continuity for a multicomponent mixture of reacting gases, criteria for near-equilibrium and for near-frozen flow with respect to chemical reactions are derived. The near-equilibrium criteria agree with results obtained previously. The near-frozen flow criteria are new and have not yet been applied to the study of chemical reactions during nozzle flow.", "date": "1951-07", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Chemical Physics", "volume": "19", "number": "7", "publisher": "American Institute of Physics", "pagerange": "877-881", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC005", "issn": "0021-9606", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC005", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "005", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "doi": "10.1063/1.1748400", "primary_object": { "basename": "5_Penner_SS_1951.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4wmwd-bpp24/files/5_Penner_SS_1951.pdf" }, "related_objects": [ { "basename": "JChemPhys_19_877.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4wmwd-bpp24/files/JChemPhys_19_877.pdf" } ], "pub_year": "1951", "author_list": "Penner, S. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f7sdr-vq641", "eprint_id": 14799, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:49:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:54:56", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "Influence of flame front on the flow field", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 1951 ASME. (Reprinted from the Journal of Applied Mechanics for June 1951, pp. 188-194, with permission of Copyright Owner) \n\nManuscript received by the Applied Mechanics Division, October 23, 1950.\n\nPresented at the 1950 Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Institute, Los Angeles, Calif., June 28-30, 1950. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 4\n\nReprint - 4_Tsien_HS_1951.pdf
", "abstract": "Flame front is a region in the flow field where rapid change in the chemical composition of the fluid occurs with consequent release of chemical energy in the form of heat. In the majority of cases the phenomenon is a very complicated one involving the heat transfer by conduction and radiation, the changes in concentration of the different components by diffusion and chemical reaction. Owing to this and the difficult problem of chemical kinetics, only recently the complete theory of flame front has been formulated, particularly by the group under J. O. Hirschfelder.[2] Fortunately, as a result of the rapid rate of chemical reaction, the thickness of the flame front under ordinary conditions is generally very small, being less than 1 mm. Therefore, if one is interested in the influence of flame front on the flow field but not on the detailed structure of the flame, the flame can be assumed as infinitesimally thin, and only the final changes of the state of fluid due to combustion need be considered. This procedure is entirely analogous to that of treating the shock wave as having zero thickness in studying dynamics of compressible fluids. This simplification will be adopted for the present investigation.", "date": "1951-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of Applied Mechanics", "volume": "18", "number": "2", "publisher": "American Society Mechanical Engineers", "pagerange": "188-194", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC004", "issn": "0021-8936", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC004", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "004", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "4_Tsien_HS_1951.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/f7sdr-vq641/files/4_Tsien_HS_1951.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1951", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vd0eg-3py51", "eprint_id": 14798, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:39:28", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:54:50", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "Hsue-shen" } } ] }, "title": "Instruction and research at the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Presented at the Annual Convention of the AMERICAN ROCKET SOCIETY, Hotel Statler, New York, N. Y., Dec. 1, 1949. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 3.", "abstract": "In \"America Fledges Wings\" R. M. Cleveland [1] stated: \"Despite the importance of the role played by the Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the promotion of aeronautics as a herald, as an awakener, as a quickening spark in the manifold fields of practical aviation, its most important and probably most lasting contribution lay in its implementation and its creation of centers of research.\" \n\nThese centers of research are the well-known great schools of aeronautical engineering at the New York University, the Stanford University, the University of Michigan, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the California Institute of Technology, the University of Washington, and the Georgia School of Technology. It is a fact that a great majority of practicing aeronautical engineers today are either wholly educated in one of these centers or have had contact with one of these centers. Moreover, the strong influence of the Guggenheim Fund is not limited to this phase of aeronautical engineering. These centers of research contributed to a large extent to the fundamental knowledge of aeronautical science which forms the scientific basis of aeronautical engineering. Today we see an even more broadened effect exerted by the Guggenheim schools as men originally educated in these Guggenheim research centers establish new research laboratories and new schools of aeronautics in universities all over the world.", "date": "1950-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "number": "81", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "51-64", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC003", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC003", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "003", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1950", "author_list": "Tsien, Hsue-shen" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/fmq3k-h0y80", "eprint_id": 14798, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:39:25", "lastmod": "2023-10-18 19:54:52", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "Hsue-shen" } } ] }, "title": "Instruction and research at the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Presented at the Annual Convention of the AMERICAN ROCKET SOCIETY, Hotel Statler, New York, N. Y., Dec. 1, 1949. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 3.", "abstract": "In \"America Fledges Wings\" R. M. Cleveland [1] stated: \"Despite the importance of the role played by the Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the promotion of aeronautics as a herald, as an awakener, as a quickening spark in the manifold fields of practical aviation, its most important and probably most lasting contribution lay in its implementation and its creation of centers of research.\" \n\nThese centers of research are the well-known great schools of aeronautical engineering at the New York University, the Stanford University, the University of Michigan, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the California Institute of Technology, the University of Washington, and the Georgia School of Technology. It is a fact that a great majority of practicing aeronautical engineers today are either wholly educated in one of these centers or have had contact with one of these centers. Moreover, the strong influence of the Guggenheim Fund is not limited to this phase of aeronautical engineering. These centers of research contributed to a large extent to the fundamental knowledge of aeronautical science which forms the scientific basis of aeronautical engineering. Today we see an even more broadened effect exerted by the Guggenheim schools as men originally educated in these Guggenheim research centers establish new research laboratories and new schools of aeronautics in universities all over the world.", "date": "1950-06", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Journal of the American Rocket Society", "number": "81", "publisher": "American Rocket Society", "pagerange": "51-64", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC003", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC003", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "collection": "CaltechAUTHORS", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "003", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center", "value": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center" } ] }, "pub_year": "1950", "author_list": "Tsien, Hsue-shen" }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r7b0p-8ez76", "eprint_id": 260, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 01:38:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-13 20:35:37", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "H. S." } } ] }, "title": "A generalization of Alfrey's theorem for visco-elastic media", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Received Sept. 7, 1949. \n\nGuggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication No. 2\n\nReprint - 2_Tsien_HS_1950.pdf
", "abstract": "For the non-homogeneous stresses in isotropic incompressible visco-elastic media characterized by linear relations between the components of stress, strain and their derivatives with respect to time, T. Alfrey has shown (Ref. 1) that in the case of the first boundary value problem, the stress distribution is identical with that in an incompressible elastic material under the same instantaneous surface forces. A similar result was obtained for the second boundary value problem where the displacements at the boundary are specified. It is the purpose of the present note to generalize this theorem to isotropic compressible media for problems involving body forces. Only the first boundary value problem will be discussed, as the corresponding theorem on the second boundary value problem is self-evident.", "date": "1950-04", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics", "volume": "8", "number": "1", "publisher": "Brown University", "pagerange": "104-106", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC002", "issn": "0033-569X", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC002", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "002", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "2_Tsien_HS_1950.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r7b0p-8ez76/files/2_Tsien_HS_1950.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1950", "author_list": "Tsien, H. S." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/399er-yc891", "eprint_id": 9, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-18 23:21:18", "lastmod": "2023-10-12 23:41:03", "type": "article", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Tsien-H-S", "name": { "family": "Tsien", "given": "Hsue-Shen" } } ] }, "title": "Research in rocket and jet propulsion", "ispublished": "pub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication, 1.\n\nReprint - 1_Tsien_H_1950.pdf
", "abstract": "When considering the problems of basic research in rocket and jet propulsion, it is profitable to keep in mind the salient features of rocket- and jet-propulsion engineering. These are: short duration of operation of the power-plant and extreme intensity of reaction in the motor.", "date": "1950-03", "date_type": "published", "publication": "Aero Digest", "publisher": "Aeronautical Digest Publishing Corporation", "pagerange": "120-125", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:JPC001", "issn": "0096-4344", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:JPC001", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "other_numbering_system": { "items": [ { "id": "001", "name": "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center Publication" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Guggenheim-Jet-Propulsion-Center" } ] }, "primary_object": { "basename": "1_Tsien_H_1950.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/399er-yc891/files/1_Tsien_H_1950.pdf" }, "pub_year": "1950", "author_list": "Tsien, Hsue-Shen" } ]