The CFS10 project was funded through the National Science Foundation (NSF) grants CMMI 1663569 and CMMI 1663348, project entitled: Collaborative Research: Seismic Resiliency of Repetitively Framed Mid-Rise Cold-Formed Steel Buildings, and numerous other federal/state and industry partners. A complete list of sponsors/partners to the CFS10 program may be found at: https://cfs10.ucsd.edu/sponsors-partners. The authors appreciate the aforementioned support. CSN instrumentation for this project was funded in part by CGS. The efforts of all undergraduate and graduate students and visiting scholars listed at https://cfs10.ucsd.edu/people/ are greatly appreciated. The opinions and findings of this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsors.
", "abstract": "Accurate measurement of the inertial and deformation responses of buildings under lateral dynamic loading is critical for advancing seismic design and modeling tools. Recent advances in sensing technologies enable reliable measurement of structural vibrations across a wide range of loading scenarios. This study investigates the deployment of three types of accelerometers with distinct features, specifications, and configurations to measure the acceleration response of a full-scale 10-story building tested on a multi-directional shake table. The recorded acceleration data are processed using a validated double-integration algorithm to estimate displacement responses, which are then compared against ground-truth displacement time histories obtained from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensors deployed at multiple levels of the building. Results demonstrate that all three accelerometer types are capable of accurately capturing both inertial (acceleration) and deformation (displacement) responses, supporting their use in performance assessment and resilience-oriented monitoring of tall buildings.
", "date": "2026", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 13th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering", "official_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3xeq4-nwg95", "funders": { "items": [ {}, { "grant_number": "1663569" }, { "grant_number": "1663348" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Engineering-and-Applied-Science" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Community-Seismic-Network" } ] }, "doi": "10.7907/3xeq4-nwg95", "primary_object": { "basename": "Sorosh_et_al._13NCEE-AccelSuite-Final_Submission.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/3xeq4-nwg95/files/Sorosh_et_al._13NCEE-AccelSuite-Final_Submission.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2026", "author_list": "Sorosh, Shokrullah; Zhang, Jiachen; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/461e1-tsj53", "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2026-07-24 18:35:10", "lastmod": "2026-07-24 19:10:19", "type": "book", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Guo-Huiyun", "name": { "family": "Guo", "given": "Huiyun" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8516-4244" }, { "id": "Zhang-Shun-Shane", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Shun (Shane)" } }, { "id": "Kohler-M-D", "name": { "family": "Kohler", "given": "Monica D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4703-190X" }, { "name": { "family": "Guy", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sorosh", "given": "Shokrullah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Jiachen" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hutchinson", "given": "Tara C." } } ] }, "title": "Tracking Multiple-Mode Frequency Changes in a 10-Story Cold-Formed Steel Building to Assess Damage", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The Community Seismic Network is funded in part by the California Geological Survey. The CFS10 program is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grants CMMI 1663569 and 1663348 and numerous other federal/state and industry partners (cfs10.ucsd.edu/sponsors-partners). Findings, opinions, and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsoring organizations.
", "abstract": "We report frequency\u2010domain observations from a full-scale, 10-story, cold-formed steel building tested on the 6-degrees-of-freedom Large High-Performance Outdoor Shake Table at UC San Diego where 76 triaxial Community Seismic Network accelerometers recorded continuous waveforms prior to, during, and after increasing-intensity earthquake tests. Spectrograms of the continuous ambient data reveal persistent, elevation-dependent bands of high energy at both fundamental and higher building modes. During a representative earthquake input (MID16, 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta motion scaled at Design Earthquake level), the data from a sensor at Level 7, for example, shows that the fundamental mode frequencies decrease at the onset by ~0.60 Hz (X direction, EW) and ~0.55 Hz (Y direction, NS), and recover within ~50 s to final residual reductions of about 0.1 Hz. The third mode shows a larger permanent decrease (~0.2 Hz). These results are consistent with transient softening and frictional slip during the test followed by small but measurable residual stiffness changes afterward. Stiffness loss is confirmed by observed physical damage, most notably rotation and pull-through of fasteners attaching gypsum sheathing to CFS-framing.
", "date": "2026", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute", "book_title": "Proceedings of the 13th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering", "official_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/461e1-tsj53", "funders": { "items": [ {}, { "grant_number": "1663569" }, { "grant_number": "1663348" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Division-of-Engineering-and-Applied-Science" }, { "id": "Seismological-Laboratory" }, { "id": "Community-Seismic-Network" } ] }, "doi": "10.7907/461e1-tsj53", "primary_object": { "basename": "Guo_CFS10_NCEE.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/461e1-tsj53/files/Guo_CFS10_NCEE.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2026", "author_list": "Guo, Huiyun; Zhang, Shun (Shane); et al." } ]